351 results about "Orthopedics surgery" patented technology

The invention relates to an orthopedic postoperative drainage liquid infection risk identification method. Drainage liquid is regarded as system output jointly driven by postoperative local immune regulation and wound recovery; capturing a nonlinear time sequence curve; first-order derived trend modeling is carried out; abrupt change after the change rate is stable is analyzed; establishing a postoperative recovery normal path framework, and forming a standard recovery trend library by using drainage fluid dynamic parameters of non-infected cases; comparing the Euclidean offset degree and directional change between the drainage parameter behavior vector of the current patient and the standard trajectory; the change is converted into a visual recovery offset map, and infection prediction data is measured from a multi-day trend angle; constructing and identifying local abnormal signal aggregation; forming a framework of infection event transition to obtain clinical infection nodes of qualitative change caused by quantitative change; according to the method, early-stage accurate recognition can be realized, the intervention opportunity can be obviously advanced, single threshold misjudgment is avoided, the recognition accuracy and specificity are improved, the model adaptability is improved, and the recognition interpretability is enhanced.

The invention belongs to the technical field of orthopedic surgery navigation, discloses a communication and positioning integrated orthopedic surgery navigation method and system based on multi-dimensional perception, and aims to solve the problems that in an existing orthopedic navigation technology, optical navigation is prone to being shielded, multipath interference of UWB positioning is serious, and real-time performance is insufficient. Comprising the steps of obtaining measurement values including positioning data of a UWB positioning module, ranging data of a laser ranging module and an attitude angle of an IMU module; according to the method, extended Kalman filtering is adopted, positioning data of a UWB positioning module, ranging data of a laser ranging module and an attitude angle of an IMU module are taken as state vectors, dynamic adjustment of credibility is realized by adjusting a process noise matrix of a state equation and a measurement noise matrix of a measurement equation according to task characteristics, and the credibility of the UWB positioning module is improved according to data of different credibility. And resolving the pose state of the tail end of the surgical instrument. The method has the advantages of high positioning precision, high response speed, high environmental adaptability and high resource efficiency.

The invention relates to the technical field of orthopedic nursing, discloses an orthopedic postoperative intelligent mutual-calibration dynamic rehabilitation nursing system, and particularly aims to solve the problems that an existing orthopedic postoperative rehabilitation nursing system depends on a single physiological index and a static threshold value and lacks a multi-channel forward and reverse signal cross-calibration and dynamic threshold value adjustment means; the system solves the problems that environmental noise and equipment artifacts are difficult to filter, and fatigue gait offset, muscle overload and venous backflow abnormal risk misjudgment or missing detection is easily caused, and comprises a data acquisition module, a feature extraction module, a cross-channel mutual correction module, a risk identification module and an intervention recommendation module. Through mutual correction and dynamic correction of multi-source forward and reverse signals, artifacts are filtered in real time, abnormal risks of fatigue, overload and venous return are accurately recognized, personalized closed-loop intervention is achieved, and safety and effectiveness of rehabilitation training are improved.

The invention discloses an artificial intelligence assisted femoral neck fracture screw path planning system and method, and the system comprises an image collection module, a structure recognition module, a path planning module, a decision feedback module and a robot execution module, and all the modules achieve the linkage through data and control signal interfaces. Structured and data-driven design reference is provided, unnecessary attempts and repeated operations are reduced, the path design efficiency and standardization level are improved, and the implementation mode has good adaptability, can be compatible with existing multi-brand orthopedic robot platforms, is especially suitable for intelligent screw path planning in femoral neck fracture fixation, and has wide application prospects. The method has remarkable advantages in the aspects of technical innovation and industrial application, and is expected to improve the screw implantation precision, shorten the time consumption in the operation, reduce the track adjustment frequency, reduce the radiation exposure risk, and promote the deep development and clinical transformation of the AI-assisted intelligent path control technology in the field of orthopedic operations.

The invention discloses an orthopedic surgery planning and real-time navigation method and system based on artificial intelligence and multi-modal image fusion. The method comprises the following steps: receiving and fusing preoperative multi-modal image data of a patient, and automatically segmenting a key structure by using a deep learning model to generate a three-dimensional virtual model; an optimal operation path is planned through an artificial intelligence model according to the three-dimensional virtual model; the spatial positions of the surgical instrument and the target skeleton area of the patient are tracked in real time through an electromagnetic positioning system, and real-time spatial position data and the three-dimensional virtual model are registered and are fused, overlapped and displayed on a surgical navigation screen; the relative position deviation between the tip of the surgical instrument and the optimal surgical path and the key tissue safety area is calculated in real time, and an early warning is given to a surgeon according to the relative position deviation. The optimal operation path can be accurately and objectively generated so as to ensure the adaptability of the operation path and the patient. Therefore, doctors can pay attention to the operation process specifically, and the operation stability and reliability are improved.

The invention provides a method, a system, a medium and equipment for monitoring orthopedic force of a spinal orthopedic surgery, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments. The spine orthopedic system comprises an inner fixing rod and an outer fixing rod, the fixing structure and the locking structure are fixed to the inner fixing rod; the opening structure slides on the outer side wall of the inner fixing rod; the elastic structure is arranged on the outer side wall of the inner fixing rod in a sleeving mode, is located in an interval limited by the locking structure and the opening structure and drives the opening structure to move in the direction away from the locking structure; the standby bolt is used for connecting the opening structure and the inner fixing rod; the sensor module is located at any end or two ends of the elastic structure and used for measuring elastic force data of the elastic structure and motion data of the inner fixing rod; and the wireless communication module is used for transmitting the elastic force data and the motion data to an external receiver. The problems that in the prior art, when a spring fails, overall replacement is needed, and the correction state, the spring function and spring stress cannot be monitored in real time can be solved.

The invention relates to the technical field of orthopedic surgery, and discloses an orthopedic surgery real-time navigation system based on multi-modal image fusion and artificial intelligence. The multi-modal image fusion module is used for generating a three-dimensional skeleton and soft tissue fusion model for surgical navigation; the artificial intelligence analysis module is used for determining a fracture line, a screw implantation angle and a cutting track; the intraoperative tracking module is used for generating a real-time correction instruction; the verification updating module is used for carrying out rationality verification on the real-time correction instruction; if the inspection is not passed, an alarm mechanism is triggered, instantaneous motion state parameters of the surgical instrument are collected, the instantaneous motion state parameters are compared with the cutting track, and the correction instruction is updated according to the comparison result; and the execution module is used for driving the surgical instrument to execute the surgical operation according to the updating correction instruction. According to the invention, manual operation errors can be effectively reduced.

The invention discloses a drilling aiming device for orthopedic surgery, relates to the technical field of orthopedic surgery, and provides the following scheme that the drilling aiming device comprises cross rods, a rectangular mounting plate is arranged between a pair of cross rods, pressure sensors are mounted at the four corners of the mounting plate, and first electric push rods are connected between the stress ends of the pressure sensors and the cross rods; a vertical sleeve is slidably connected to the mounting plate, a rotating cylinder is rotatably connected to the mounting plate, a slidable scale ring is rotatably connected to the rotating cylinder, a supporting frame is mounted below the cross rod, and an abutting block is connected to the supporting frame; the leg is clamped through the abutting block, stability is improved, the mounting plate is pulled in any direction, under the action of the pressure sensor, the first electric push rod shrinks or stretches, the movement angle of the mounting plate is conveniently controlled manually, the scale ring rotates during punching, when the zero scale on the scale ring reaches the pointer, it is indicated that the punching depth is the needed depth, and the punching efficiency is improved. The punching depth is effectively limited, and operation is convenient.

The invention belongs to the technical field of minimally invasive orthopedic surgeries, and provides a multi-angle precise drilling guider for minimally invasive orthopedic surgeries, which comprises a longitudinal guide frame fixedly connected to one side edge of an operating table through a plurality of bolts, and a pre-positioning mechanism for preliminarily positioning a drilled hole is arranged on the longitudinal guide frame; a guide mechanism for guiding the drilling direction of the drilling rod is arranged in the pre-positioning mechanism, the guide mechanism comprises an outer barrel, the outer part of the outer barrel is slidably sleeved with a ball, and the ball is hinged to the center of the mounting seat; the guide mechanism is arranged, the eight rolling rods are evenly distributed, sliding friction between the drill rod and the inner barrel is converted into rolling friction, the friction coefficient is effectively reduced, power loss is greatly reduced, meanwhile, silicone oil is adopted for lubrication, an oil film is formed on the rolling contact face, friction is further reduced, and according to the diameter change of the drill rod, the diameter of the drill rod can be changed. And the radial distances of the eight rolling rods are electrically and synchronously adjusted, so that rolling supporting of drill rods with different diameters is met, and the applicability is high.

An implantation kit including a rotational osteotome and an implant is disclosed. The rotational osteotome includes a plurality of steps of different diametrical sizes, a tip, and at least one flute; and every step includes an annular bottom bevel to provide a cutting edge and recessed section. The implant includes a body having a cylindrical head section and a conical section provided with an external thread and a plurality of spiral flutes. The conical section has a downward tapered profile correspondingly aligned with the recessed sections. The cylindrical head section has a straight cylindrical profile matching that of the step having the largest diametrical size. With the above arrangements, an implant hole on a bone can be formed in only one drilling with one single osteotome for fixedly holding the implant therein. Therefore, the time needed for dental and orthopedic surgeries is largely shortened while better osseointegration can be achieved.

The invention discloses an orthopedic surgery navigation drilling and implant placement intention real-time optimization method based on multi-modal perception, and relates to the technical field of computer-aided surgery, man-machine interaction and intelligent medical equipment. Multi-modal signals such as electroencephalogram, eye movement and myoelectricity of a doctor are collected in real time through XR glasses and an intelligent surgical drill; and inputting the pre-trained micro-world model to generate a current intention vector and predict a future bone structure trajectory. The intention level is judged by calculating the energy distance between the intention and the master template and an emotional value function: when the intention meets the master level condition, the system automatically generates an XR green optimal path and assists in operation; and when the intention is identified as the risk intention, triggering the skykeeper system to lock the equipment and send out an alarm. The system supports a data federation learning evolutionary model, and immediately destroys an original multi-mode signal after encoding to guarantee data security. According to the invention, the real-time monitoring, evaluation and guidance of the operation intention are realized, and the accuracy and safety of the operation are improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of orthopedic medical treatment, in particular to a dynamic path planning method and system for an orthopedic surgical robot, and the method comprises the steps: fusing multi-modal medical diagnosis information to construct a three-dimensional model, and formulating an initial scheme containing an obstacle avoidance boundary; in the operation, multi-source data are collected through multi-device cooperation and time sequence alignment is carried out; performing two-dimensional dynamic calibration to generate a compensation value; updating paths and parameters according to a hierarchical strategy, and verifying a security boundary; real-time feedback is realized; and convenient manual intervention is provided. The system comprises a multi-modal data processing module, an intra-operative collaborative acquisition module, a dynamic calibration module, a path adjustment module, a man-machine interaction module and a main control module, and full-process automation is achieved. The operation accuracy and safety can be improved, manual operation of doctors is reduced, clinical requirements are met, and the method has important clinical application value.

The invention discloses an orthopedic surgery navigation positioning method and system based on three-dimensional registration, and belongs to the technical field of orthopedic surgery navigation. According to the method, through preoperative multi-modal image fusion reconstruction, intraoperative dynamic point cloud collection and an improved mixed registration algorithm, precise alignment of a preoperative model and an intraoperative actual skeleton is achieved, and by combining real-time error monitoring and dynamic compensation, precise positioning parameters of a surgical instrument are output to guide surgical operation; the system corresponds to the method and comprises an image acquisition module, a three-dimensional reconstruction module, a registration calculation module, a navigation guiding module, an error monitoring module and a control module, all the modules work cooperatively, and it is ensured that the navigation positioning precision is smaller than or equal to 0.3 mm, the registration time is smaller than or equal to 3.5 s, and the dynamic error compensation response time in the operation is smaller than or equal to 50 ms. The method does not need to depend on a physical marker, does not need a doctor to manually intervene the registration process, is high in anti-interference capability, is suitable for various orthopedic surgery scenes, effectively reduces the surgical risk, and improves the surgical efficiency and the standardization level.

The invention discloses an arthroscope with a variable viewing angle for orthopedic surgery, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments, the arthroscope comprises a control handle, the control handle is provided with an arthroscope body in a penetrating manner, the end part of the arthroscope body is provided with an auxiliary disc, the auxiliary disc is provided with an LED light source for auxiliary illumination, and the side of the LED light source is provided with a camera. According to the arthroscope with the variable visual angle for the orthopedic surgery, when a user needs to adjust the angle of a camera, the user only needs to rotate a rotary knob, so that a visual angle adjusting mechanism starts to operate, the internal pressure of a micro soft actuator is increased at the moment, and deformation and bending occur; the deformed and bent miniature soft actuator can synchronously drive the auxiliary disc to perform angle change, so that the camera is further adjusted, an operator can realize visual angle adjustment only by adjusting a knob, the operation of angle adjustment is simplified, the operation efficiency is improved, a wider visual field is provided for an operation, and the operation safety is improved. And the flexibility of surgical operation is improved.

The present invention provides an orthopedic saw specially used for orthopedic surgery, belonging to the field of medical devices. It comprises a mounting plate, one side of which is fixedly connected to a handle, and the other side of which is symmetrically provided with a fixing frame, one side of which is hinged with a rotating assembly capable of adjusting the angle, and the rotating assembly comprises a fixing column fixed to one side of the fixing frame, a servo motor fixed in the middle of one side of the fixing frame, and a storage assembly rotatably provided in the middle of one side of the fixing frame. The articulated frame can drive the connecting plate to rotate around the fixing column, forming a suitable angle between the articulated frame and the fixing frame, and the cutting wire smoothly forms a broken line under the limitation of two limiting roller groups, completing the angle adjustment. Therefore, when facing a tricky cutting angle, only the angle of the cutting wire needs to be adjusted, avoiding the patient's constant posture adjustment, reducing the patient's pain and discomfort during surgery, and effectively improving the practicality and convenience of the orthopedic saw.

The present invention is entitled "Techniques for Determining the Accuracy of a Three-Dimensional Model for Use in Orthopedic Surgery." The present disclosure relates to techniques for determining the accuracy of a three-dimensional model, the three-dimensional model comprising a device having circuitry for obtaining a two-dimensional image of an anatomical object (e.g., bones of a human joint), obtaining a candidate three-dimensional model of the anatomical object, and generating a two-dimensional outline of the candidate three-dimensional model. The circuitry further applies an edge detection algorithm to the two-dimensional image to generate a corresponding edge image, and compares the two-dimensional outline to the edge image to generate a score indicating the accuracy of the candidate three-dimensional model.

The utility model discloses a needle type threader for orthopedic surgery, which comprises a threader component, a reset component and a positioning cut-off component, the threader component is arranged on the left side of the reset component, the positioning cut-off component is arranged on the right side of the reset component, the threader component comprises a threading needle and a handle, and the threading needle is arranged on the handle. The reset assembly comprises a positioning block, a first sliding groove, a first spring and a first sliding block, the positioning cut-off assembly comprises a fixing base, a second spring, a pressing plate, a positioning sliding rod, a positioning plate, a fixing block, a cutter, a positioning groove, a connecting block and a third spring, the threading needle is fixedly installed on the left side of the handle, and the positioning block is fixedly installed on the right side of the handle. The needle type threader for the orthopedic surgery is convenient to cut off and good in positioning effect, and solves the problems that a needle type threader in the prior art is not convenient to cut off a thread and is not convenient to position the thread during use, so that the needle type threader is complex to operate during the surgery.

The utility model discloses a mobile lifting support mechanism of an orthopedic surgery robot, which relates to the technical field of medical equipment and comprises a robot body, a support plate fixedly mounted on the outer bottom surface of the robot body and universal wheels fixedly connected to four corners of the outer bottom surface of the support plate. Through type round holes are symmetrically formed in the two ends of the inner bottom face of the square cavity, supporting columns are slidably connected to the inner sides of the four round holes, and a synchronous assembly used for driving the four supporting columns to synchronously ascend and descend so as to support or put down the surgical robot is arranged in the square cavity. The driving motor drives the first rotating shaft rod to rotate, so that the two L-shaped connecting plates are driven to move relatively under meshing connection of the first gear, the two rotating shaft rods are driven to rotate synchronously under mutual assistance of a transverse straight plate, a second rack and a third gear, and therefore the four supporting columns are pushed to move up and down synchronously; therefore, the surgical robot is supported or put down.

The utility model provides a split type kirschner wire and a kit for an orthopedic surgery robot, and belongs to the technical field of kirschner wires, the split type kirschner wire comprises a front kirschner wire body used for puncturing bones and a rear kirschner wire body used for being connected with an end effector of the orthopedic surgery robot, the front kirschner wire body is detachably connected with the rear kirschner wire body. Compared with Kirschner wire bending operation in the prior art, after the split type Kirschner wire is driven into the human body, the front Kirschner wire body with the proper length can be obtained more conveniently and safely, the problem of positioning displacement or loss caused by excessive pulling of the Kirschner wire is solved, and the Kirschner wire is more convenient to use. After the front kirschner wire body is detached and separated, due to the fact that the connecting end of the front kirschner wire body is smooth and clean, follow-up balloon dilatation kyphoplasty or pedicle screw implanting operation is facilitated, operation risks are reduced, and related operation operations can be carried out more safely, more reliably and more conveniently.

The invention relates to a front sight laser aiming auxiliary device which is used for guiding a kirschner wire to present a point-shaped perspective shadow on a C-arm screen in an orthopedic operation, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments. The device aims at solving the problems that in traditional Kirschner wire perspective point forming operation, repeated perspective depends on the experience of an operator, radiation exposure is large, and operation precision is difficult to guarantee. The device mainly comprises a front sight base which can be fixed on the surface of a receiver of the C-arm machine, wherein a ball head base is arranged in the center of the front sight base; and the ball head laser indicator is arranged on the base and is adjustable in laser direction. When in use, the perspective image is adjusted to the central position of the front sight on the screen by moving the metal point on the operating table. Installing a laser lamp, adjusting the laser lamp to irradiate on a metal point on an operating table, and screwing a nut to fix the position of the laser lamp at the moment. Therefore, a visible laser guide line coinciding with the path of the target X-ray beam is established. And an operator only needs to adjust the guide needle along the laser ray and place the guide needle, so that the guide needle can be stably developed in a point shape in a perspective image, and accurate and rapid screw guide needle placement is realized. The device is simple in structure, low in cost, intuitive in operation, capable of remarkably reducing intraoperative radiation and reducing dependence on experience of operators, and suitable for being used in hospitals of all levels to carry out precise orthopedic surgery under perspective guidance.

The application discloses a lateral lying pelvis fixator for surgery, which comprises a left extrusion fixing part and a right extrusion fixing part, wherein the left extrusion fixing part and the right extrusion fixing part each comprise a height adjusting rod, a transverse adjusting rod, a connecting rod, an extrusion plate, a pneumatic bidirectional locking mechanism and a control valve; the height adjusting rod, the connecting rod and the transverse adjusting rod each comprise an inner rod and an outer rod, the outer rod is arranged on the outer side of the inner rod, the pneumatic bidirectional locking mechanism is arranged between the inner rod and the outer rod of the height adjusting rod, the connecting rod and the transverse adjusting rod, the outer rod of the connecting rod is vertically fixed at the end of the outer rod of the transverse adjusting rod, the extrusion plate is arranged at the end of the inner rod of the connecting rod, and the control valve controls the closing of the pneumatic bidirectional locking mechanism, so that the locking and releasing actions can be completed by one key, different body types can be adapted, the precise positioning and stable patient lateral lying body position in orthopedic surgery can be ensured, the nerves and blood vessels can be protected from compression, and the efficiency of the surgery is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of orthopedic surgery, and discloses a bone plate clamping device suitable for orthopedic surgery, which comprises a connecting piece, a clamping rod is hinged to the front side surface of the connecting piece, clamping plates are fixedly connected to the front end of the clamping rod, flexible pads are fixedly connected to the sides, close to each other, of the clamping plates, and the flexible pads are used for clamping and fitting a bone plate. According to the device, a clamping rod drives a clamping plate and a flexible pad to rotate and reset to clamp a bone plate, the bone plate is conveniently placed, a nut and an extension rod are fixed in a threaded mode, then a doctor can conveniently grab the bone plate, convenience is improved, after a connecting piece and the clamping rod are detached from the extension rod through the nut, cleaning and maintenance are convenient, a stirring piece is pressed towards the side close to the extension rod, and the bone plate can be conveniently clamped. The clamping rods can be opened more easily, the convenience is further improved, the extension rods rotate in the grip through the sleeve shafts and the rotating shafts, so that the connecting pieces and the clamping rods are driven to rotate, the angle of the bone plate is rapidly adjusted, and the applicability of the device is improved.

The utility model discloses orthopedic surgery electric swing saw of reusable, include: front swing seat, pipe shell, handle seat, handle shell, battery pack subassembly, front swing seat and pipe shell front port butt joint, swing saw shaft vertical installation is in the front swing seat, saw blade is installed on swing saw shaft upper end through clamping mounting mechanism, pipe shell bottom is opened with threading port, handle seat is installed in threading port outside, be equipped with main plug in handle seat, and motor is connected with main plug through the power supply circuit of threading port, handle shell upper end is sleeved in handle seat outside, and battery pack subassembly is inserted in handle shell from handle shell bottom opening, and install the cover plate on handle shell bottom opening, be equipped with auxiliary plug and power supply button on battery pack subassembly, and auxiliary plug and main plug can butt joint communication, be equipped with start button on handle seat front end, and press down start button can press power supply button, seal pipe shell. The orthopedic surgery electric swing saw can be repeatedly used through high temperature steam disinfection.

The application discloses a kind of orthopedic surgery drilling devices, it is related to medical instrument technical field.Orthopedic surgery drilling device includes passive support arm, connecting positioner component, drilling positioner component, sleeve positioning component and drilling assembly, one end of the opposite ends of passive support arm is used to connect operating table, the other end is free end, for installing connecting positioner component, drilling positioner component, sleeve positioning component and drilling assembly.The application can support and fix drilling assembly in operation, without operating personnel hand-held drilling operation;In addition, the position of drilling assembly along the first direction can be adjusted using connecting positioner component and drilling positioner component, and then it is more conducive to drilling assembly to be in the best drilling position, to improve the efficiency and accuracy of drilling.

Systems and devices may include a motor operatively coupled to a driveshaft configured to be driven in a first direction in a first mode for impaction and a second direction in a second mode for retraction. Systems and devices may include an anvil configured to be operatively coupled to an implement. Systems and devices may include an impaction cam operatively coupled to the driveshaft, wherein: the impaction cam, when in an impaction position, is configured to strike the anvil when driven by the driveshaft in the first direction to drive the anvil in an impaction direction. Systems and devices may include a retractor configured to be driven by the retraction cam in the second direction, wherein the retractor is configured to strike the anvil to drive the anvil in a retraction direction.

The utility model discloses a hand fracture surgery positioner which comprises a fixing base, a first fixing mechanism, a second fixing mechanism and a third fixing mechanism, the length extending direction of the fixing base is the relative front-back direction, the width extending direction of the fixing base is the relative left-right direction, and the top of the rear side of the fixing base is provided with the first fixing mechanism used for fixing fingers; the first connecting mechanism is connected with the rear end face of the fixed seat, and the first rotating mechanism rotates on the rear end face; the connecting rod mechanism is connected with the first connecting mechanism and rotates forwards and backwards around the first connecting mechanism; the needle feeding mechanism is connected with the connecting rod mechanism in a sliding mode, so that the needle feeding mechanism moves in the relative front-back direction; the hand fracture surgery positioner is more attached to the palm finger portion, positioning needles can be arranged in a multi-angle and parameterized mode, and positioning is more accurate. The utility model provides a hand fracture surgery positioner, belongs to surgical equipment, and is applied to orthopedic surgery, in particular to hand surgery.

DISPOSABLE ARM STRAP FOR ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY SPAR TABLE

This invention provides a compact end effector design for an orthopedic surgical robot, relating to the field of orthopedic surgical technology. The design includes a base plate, a first component, a second component, and a positioning post. Both the first and second components are connected to the base plate. The positioning post is used to mount a drill guide rod. The first component includes a first drive mechanism and a first drive plate. The first drive mechanism is connected to the first drive plate and can drive the first drive plate to perform translational motion in a first plane. The first drive plate is rotatably connected to the positioning post. The second component includes a second drive plate, which is rotatably connected to the positioning post. Therefore, the position of the drill guide rod can be easily adjusted and kept stable during orthopedic surgery, meeting the drilling positioning requirements at any angle. This makes operations that rely on physician experience more standardized and accurate, reducing dependence on physician clinical experience and allowing medical personnel to perform drilling operations more efficiently and accurately, thus improving surgical efficiency.