Gravity type caisson balanced sand filling device and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a gravity type caisson balanced sand filling device and a construction method.The sand filling device comprises a track arranged at the top of a caisson, a plurality of movable supporting mechanisms are arranged on the track and sequentially connected through a main beam, and sliding plates are arranged on the movable supporting mechanisms; a plurality of sets of shaftless screw conveyors are arranged on the sliding plate, mounting plates are arranged at the bottoms of the shaftless screw conveyors respectively, and rolling beads are arranged at the bottoms of the mounting plates. The construction method comprises the following steps that S1, the device is installed; s2, moving and positioning the device; s3, filling sand, conveying, separating and scattering; s4, distributing materials for the first time; s5, material distribution for the second time; and S6, the material distributing machine moves and distributes materials circularly. According to the device, gravel materials can be effectively scattered and evenly distributed, it is ensured that backfill sand in the cabin grids is evenly distributed, meanwhile, waste of the gravel materials and environmental pollution are reduced, the discharging direction can be flexibly adjusted through rotation of the shaftless spiral conveyor so as to adapt to the layout requirements of different cabin grids, and the construction flexibility is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of port and harbor engineering construction, and particularly relates to a gravity type caisson balanced sand filling device and a construction method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of port and harbor infrastructure construction, gravity type caisson structures are the key load-bearing structures of core projects such as wharfs and breakwaters, and the internal sand filling quality directly determines the structural stability, bearing capacity and long-term durability of the entire project. At present, the industry generally uses a belt conveyor ship to directly fill the sand filling operation of the caisson. This process directly fills the sand and stone raw materials into the caisson cavity through the conveyor belt to complete the filling operation. Although it can meet the basic construction needs under conventional and simple working conditions, it gradually exposes multi-dimensional technical limitations in engineering practice, which has been difficult to adapt to the requirements of modern port and harbor engineering for efficient, high-quality and green construction. From the operation efficiency, the belt conveyor ship is limited by the fixedness of the conveyor belt conveying capacity and the space limitation in the caisson cavity. When facing large caissons or multi-chamber caissons filling, the ship position needs to be frequently adjusted to realize full coverage filling, which leads to long operation interruption time and reduces the overall construction efficiency, seriously affecting the project progress. In terms of sand filling uniformity, this process relies on manual observation to adjust the filling position, and the sand and stone in the caisson cavity is prone to local accumulation due to its own weight. Especially under the complex working conditions of the internal partition of the caisson, cavities and stratification defects are easily formed in the cavity. Detection shows that the sand and stone density difference is large under such working conditions, which directly weakens the stability of the caisson structure as a whole and greatly shortens the service life of the structure. From the quality control level, the traditional process lacks real-time quantitative monitoring means, and the sand filling amount is only estimated by the conveying time, which cannot accurately match the design filling amount requirement of the caisson. The actual filling amount deviates greatly from the design value, which is difficult to meet the strict quality standards of port and harbor engineering. In terms of ecology and safety, sand and stone are prone to scatter into the surrounding sea area during the operation of the belt conveyor ship, which leads to an increase in the concentration of suspended solids in the local sea area, causing adverse effects on marine plankton and benthic ecosystems. At the same time, the belt conveyor ship needs to operate at close range with the caisson, which is prone to collision accidents in adverse sea conditions such as wind and waves, posing a significant safety hazard.

[0003] The Chinese patent with publication number CN219731839U discloses an improved device for uniform backfilling of sand guide pipes in gravity wharf caissons. The improved device for uniform backfilling of sand guide pipes in gravity wharf caissons includes a caisson and a sand guide pipe. The end of the sand guide pipe is provided with a guide pipe assembly. The guide pipe assembly is in communication with the sand guide pipe. The guide pipe assembly includes at least two guide pipes. The output end of the guide pipes is located on the caisson. An intermediate outlet is provided in the middle of the guide pipes. The intermediate outlet is located on the caisson. The sand guide pipe is connected to multiple guide pipes through the guide pipe assembly and the intermediate outlet. The multiple guide pipes work simultaneously to fill the sand into the caisson. The guide pipes not only output the filling sand at the output end, but also fill the filling sand into different designated caissons through the intermediate outlet. The filling efficiency is improved, and the engineering progress is accelerated. However, for this technology, although multiple simultaneous sand filling can be achieved, some problems still occur in actual application, as follows: 1. This technology is mainly applicable to super-large caissons, and there are main and branch pipes. It is difficult to control the flow at the bifurcation, which leads to uneven powder. In addition, the horizontal distance is too long, and the filling transportation is not smooth, which is easy to cause blockage.

[0004] 2. It needs to be fixed and installed on site, and the engineering quantity is large. The cost of multiple disassembly and assembly is high, and the construction period is long.

[0005] 3. It is not suitable for caissons arranged longitudinally and transversely on the shore wharf. It can only be fixed at a certain caisson position, and the use is limited.

[0006] In summary, it is urgent to design a device and method that can improve the efficiency and uniformity of sand filling operation, smooth transportation, reduce environmental risk, enhance construction safety, collect data, and realize material level control. SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the present application is to provide a gravity caisson uniform sand filling device and construction method to solve the above technical problems. The device and construction method can improve the efficiency and uniformity of sand filling operation, reduce environmental risk, and enhance construction safety.

[0008] The technical solution of the present application is as follows: The application discloses a gravity type caisson balanced sand filling device, which comprises a track arranged on the top of the caisson, a plurality of groups of movable supporting mechanisms arranged on the track, a main beam sequentially connecting the movable supporting mechanisms, a sliding plate arranged on the movable supporting mechanism, a plurality of groups of shaftless screw conveyors arranged on the sliding plate, an installation plate arranged at the bottom of the shaftless screw conveyor, rolling beads arranged at the bottom of the installation plate, the rolling beads being supported on the upper end surface of the sliding plate, a stirring mechanism connected with the feeding end of the shaftless screw conveyor, a center shaft arranged in the structural center of the main beam, the center shaft being in a tubular structure, the shaftless screw conveyors being arranged in a ring array with the center shaft as the center, and the caisson comprising a plurality of cabin grids arranged in a rectangular array.

[0009] The movable supporting mechanism comprises a movable wheel provided with a rim structure, a supporting bracket arranged on the movable wheel, and a sliding plate fixedly installed on the top of the supporting bracket.

[0010] The sliding plate is provided with an arc-shaped sliding groove, and the rolling beads are limited in the arc-shaped sliding groove.

[0011] The discharging end of the shaftless screw conveyor is provided with an infrared monitor for monitoring the depth.

[0012] The stirring mechanism comprises a hopper barrel, a stirring cone and stirring blades arranged in the hopper barrel, the stirring blades being connected with the stirring cone, the stirring cone being connected with a stirring shaft, the stirring shaft being connected with a speed reducer, and the speed reducer being connected with a stirring motor.

[0013] The bottom of the hopper barrel is provided with a center discharge port and a plurality of edge discharge ports, the plurality of edge discharge ports are respectively connected with the feeding ends of the four groups of shaftless screw conveyors, and the plurality of edge discharge ports are arranged around the edge of the center discharge port.

[0014] The bottom of the edge discharge port and the center discharge port is respectively connected with a discharge hopper, the edge discharge port is connected with the feeding end of the shaftless screw conveyor through the discharge hopper, and the discharge hopper is internally provided with a metering control scale.

[0015] The hopper barrel is further provided with a belt conveyor, the discharging end of the belt conveyor is arranged above the hopper barrel, the conveyed material falls into the hopper barrel, the feeding end of the belt conveyor is connected with a transport ship, and the feeding end of the belt conveyor is correspondingly arranged below the discharge port of the transport ship.

[0016] The bottom of the center discharge port is provided with a reinforcing vertical plate, and the reinforcing vertical plate is fixedly connected with the installation plate.

[0017] A construction method of the gravity type caisson balanced sand filling device is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps. S1: Device installation, install tracks on the top of the caisson, when installing, the adjacent caissons are also connected through the tracks, then install the moving support mechanism, shaftless screw conveyor, stirring mechanism and metering control scale, after completion, debug to ensure stable installation, complete device installation; S2: Device movement and positioning, after completing step S1, move the shaftless screw conveyor to the track through the moving support mechanism, then align the discharge port and the center discharge port of the shaftless screw conveyor with the sand-filled cells to be filled through the rolling beads, then lock the moving support mechanism and fix the shaftless screw conveyor; S3: Sand filling, conveying and separation and scattering, the backfill sand on the transport ship is conveyed into the hopper barrel through the belt conveyor, then the stirring motor is started to drive the stirring cone and stirring blades to separate and scatter the backfill sand; S4: First material distribution, after completing step S3, the backfill sand enters the shaftless screw conveyor through the edge discharge port, the backfill sand is filled into the cells through the shaftless screw conveyor, at the same time, the center discharge port is opened, the backfill sand is filled into the corresponding cells through the center discharge port, the sand filling flow is monitored and controlled through the infrared monitor and the metering control scale, until the backfill sand is filled to the designed height, the edge discharge port and the center discharge port are stopped, the shaftless screw conveyor is closed, and the belt conveyor is stopped, completing the first cell distribution; S5: Second material distribution, after completing step S4, the shaftless screw conveyor is rotated through the rolling beads to make the discharge port of the shaftless screw conveyor correspond to another cell to be filled, the edge discharge port corresponding to the shaftless screw conveyor is opened, the shaftless screw conveyor and the belt conveyor are started, and the cell to be filled corresponding to the shaftless screw conveyor is filled, until the backfill sand is filled to the designed height, the edge discharge port is stopped, the shaftless screw conveyor is closed, and the belt conveyor is stopped, completing the second cell distribution; S6: Material distribution machine movement and circulating material distribution: after completing step S5, the cells of the first caisson have been completely filled with sand, then the shaftless screw conveyor is moved to the next caisson through the moving support mechanism, and the above steps S2 to S5 are repeated until the sand filling work of all specified cells is completed.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present application are: The present application realizes the rapid positioning and cross-caisson operation of the material distribution machine through the shaftless screw conveyor combined with the track and the moving support mechanism, reduces the time of equipment movement and adjustment, and saves time by up to 50% compared with the traditional method, greatly improves the construction speed, and shortens the engineering cycle.

[0019] The application adopts the combination design of stirring cone and shaftless screw conveyor, effectively stirs and uniformly distributes the sand and gravel, controls the discharge amount in real time through the metering control scale, combines the discharges of multiple shaftless screw conveyors, ensures the uniform distribution of the backfill sand in each compartment, effectively avoids the structural risk caused by uneven sand filling in the traditional method, and enhances the stability of the caisson.

[0020] The rotating mechanism of the shaftless screw conveyor allows it to rotate by 30°-60° without moving the position, can flexibly adjust the discharge direction to adapt to the layout requirements of different compartments, reduces the number of equipment repositioning, and improves the construction flexibility.

[0021] The application realizes longitudinal and transverse walking through the slide rail walking, realizes multi-face or integrated caisson backfilling along the shore, reduces the waste of sand and gravel and environmental pollution through accurate control of the sand filling amount and uniform distribution of materials, reduces the risk of manual operation through automatic material distribution, and improves the construction safety.

[0022] Compared with the improved device for uniform backfilling sand guide blowing pipe of gravity type wharf caisson in the publication No. CN219731839U, the application is suitable for caissons of various sizes and various environmental conditions, can realize uniform and accurate control of sand filling through real-time control of the discharge amount by the metering control scale, stirring and separation of the stirring cone, material conveying and sand filling through the four groups of shaftless screw conveyors, and design of the shaftless screw conveyor and the rotating function, solves the problem of multi-point arrangement, has large conveying and pushing force, smooth transportation, and uniform material distribution, and the application equipment can be disassembled only once, shortens the overall construction time, and the slide rail technology of the application can be applied to the sand filling of caissons arranged longitudinally and transversely or concentrated along the shore. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is the top view of the sand filling device construction process of the application; Figure 2 is the top view of the sand filling device construction process of the application Figure 1 after rotating 45°; Figure 3 is the top view of the sand filling device construction process of the application Figure 1 after moving to the next caisson; Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of the application; Figure 5 is a structural schematic view of the application Figure 2 after the moving support mechanism is not connected; Figure 6 is a related connection structure schematic view of the stirring cone and the stirring shaft of the application; Figure 7 is the schematic diagram of the connecting structure of the mobile wheel and the track of the application; Figure 8 is the schematic diagram of the mechanism of the arc-shaped sliding groove on the sliding plate of the application; Figure 9 is the flow chart of the installation and sand filling operation of the device of the application.

[0024] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS: 1 - caisson, 2 - track, 3 - mobile support mechanism, 4 - main beam, 5 - sliding plate, 6 - shaftless screw conveyor, 7 - mounting plate, 8 - rolling ball, 9 - stirring mechanism, 10 - central shaft, 11 - compartment, 12 - wheel rim structure, 13 - mobile wheel, 14 - support bracket, 15 - arc-shaped sliding groove, 16 - infrared monitor, 17 - hopper barrel, 18 - stirring cone, 19 - stirring blade, 20 - stirring shaft, 21 - speed reducer, 22 - stirring motor, 23 - edge discharge port, 24 - central discharge port, 25 - discharge hopper, 26 - metering control scale, 27 - reinforcing vertical plate, 28 - first gear, 29 - second gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] REFERENCE Figures 1-9 A gravity caisson equalization sand filling device, comprising a track 2 arranged on the top of a caisson 1, a plurality of groups of mobile support mechanisms 3 arranged on the track 2, the plurality of groups of mobile support mechanisms 3 being sequentially connected through a plurality of main beams 4, a sliding plate 5 arranged on the mobile support mechanism 3, a plurality of groups of shaftless screw conveyors 6 arranged on the sliding plate 5, a mounting plate 7 arranged at the bottom of each shaftless screw conveyor 6, rolling balls 8 arranged at the bottom of the mounting plate 7, the rolling balls 8 being supported on the upper end surface of the sliding plate 5, a stirring mechanism 9 connected to the feeding end of the plurality of groups of shaftless screw conveyors 6, a central shaft 10 arranged in the center of the structure formed by the main beams 4, the central shaft 10 being a tubular structure, the plurality of groups of shaftless screw conveyors 6 being arranged in a ring array around the central shaft 10, and the caisson 1 comprising a plurality of compartments 11 arranged in a rectangular array.

[0026] In actual application, generally 4 groups of mobile support mechanisms 3 are arranged, the 4 groups of mobile support mechanisms 3 are sequentially connected through 4 main beams 4, a sliding plate 5 is arranged on each of the 4 groups of mobile support mechanisms 3, 4 groups of shaftless screw conveyors 6 are arranged on the sliding plate 5, a stirring mechanism 9 is connected to the feeding end of the 4 groups of shaftless screw conveyors 6, a central shaft 10 is arranged in the center of the rectangle formed by the 4 main beams 4, the central shaft 10 is a tubular structure, the 4 groups of shaftless screw conveyors 6 are arranged in a ring array around the central shaft 10, and the caisson 1 is provided with 9 compartments 11 arranged in a rectangular array.

[0027] The track 2 is arranged to facilitate the movement of the device and to avoid the weight of the device directly acting on the caisson 1, thereby reducing the pressure on the caisson 1 and effectively protecting the caisson 1 from damage.

[0028] The movement support mechanism 3 is arranged to facilitate the support of the device and the overall movement and rotation of the device.

[0029] The main beam 4 is arranged to connect the movement support mechanisms 3, forming a whole structure between the four movement support mechanisms 3 to ensure the stability of the device.

[0030] The sliding plate 5 is arranged to facilitate the rolling of the rolling balls 8 and the rotation of the shaftless screw conveyor 6, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the discharge port of the shaftless screw conveyor 6 to different compartments.

[0031] The mounting plate 7 is arranged to support the shaftless screw conveyor 6, ensuring the overall stability and safety of the shaftless screw conveyor 6.

[0032] The rolling balls 8 are arranged to facilitate support and rolling, thereby facilitating the rotation of the shaftless screw conveyor 6.

[0033] The stirring mechanism 9 is arranged to facilitate the stirring and scattering of the sand, ensuring the uniformity of the sand after delivery and the smooth delivery of the device.

[0034] The central shaft 10 is arranged to facilitate the rotation of the shaftless screw conveyor 6 around the central shaft 10, thereby facilitating the rotation adjustment of the device. The central shaft 10 is a tubular structure to facilitate the passage of sand, and the central shaft 10 is arranged at the center of the tubular structure in actual application.

[0035] The movement support mechanism 3 includes a movement wheel 13 provided with a rim structure 12, a support bracket 14 is arranged on the movement wheel 13, the support bracket 14 is fixedly connected to the main beam 4 on the side, and the sliding plate 5 is fixedly installed on the top.

[0036] The rim structure 12 is arranged to facilitate the positioning of the movement wheel 13, ensuring the movement of the movement wheel 13 on the track 2, avoiding the deviation of the movement wheel 13, and ensuring the safety of the device. The support bracket 14 is arranged to facilitate the overall support of the device and the overall installation of the device. In actual use, the movement of the movement support mechanism 3 on the track 2 includes two ways, the first way is manual driving, that is, the device is pushed by personnel for overall movement, and the second way is driven movement by equipment, which requires a driving motor to drive the movement wheel 13 on the support bracket 14, and then the driving motor is driven to move.

[0037] The sliding plate 5 is provided with an arc-shaped sliding groove 15, and the rolling ball 8 is limited in the arc-shaped sliding groove 15.

[0038] The arc-shaped sliding groove 15 is mainly used for limiting the rolling ball 8 and further assisting the rolling ball 8 to move in a specified path.

[0039] The discharge end of the shaftless screw conveyor 6 is provided with an infrared monitor 16 for monitoring the depth.

[0040] The infrared monitor 16 is mainly used for monitoring the sand filling depth in the cabin in real time, so as to ensure the accurate sand filling.

[0041] The stirring mechanism 9 comprises a hopper barrel 17, the hopper barrel 17 is internally provided with a stirring cone 18 and stirring blades 19, the stirring blades 19 are connected to the stirring cone 18, the stirring cone 18 is connected to a stirring shaft 20, the stirring shaft 20 is connected to a speed reducer 21, and the speed reducer 21 is connected to a stirring motor 22.

[0042] Specifically, the first gear 28 is installed at the bottom of the stirring shaft 20, the second gear 29 is installed on the output shaft of the speed reducer 21, and the first gear 28 is engaged with the second gear 29, so as to indirectly connect the stirring shaft 20 and the speed reducer 21 through gear transmission.

[0043] The hopper barrel 17 is mainly used for buffering and stirring the sand filling and providing space, the stirring blades 19 are mainly used for stirring the sand filling, and the stirring cone 18 is mainly used for driving the material at the bottom of the stirring cone 18 to be discharged, and simultaneously extruding the material to break up the large sand particles. In actual application, the stirring cone 18 can be a conical structure with two ends as a cone, or an obtuse triangle structure. When the stirring cone 18 is an obtuse triangle structure, the long side of the obtuse triangle is fixedly welded to the stirring shaft 20. The speed reducer 21 is mainly used for adjusting the stirring speed, so as to avoid damage caused by the direct connection of the stirring motor 22, and the stirring motor 22 is mainly used for providing power for stirring the sand filling.

[0044] In addition, the speed reducer 21 can also adjust the transmission direction of the stirring motor 22, so as to drive the stirring shaft 20 to rotate.

[0045] The hopper barrel 17 is provided with a central discharge port 24 and a plurality of edge discharge ports 23 at the bottom, the plurality of edge discharge ports 23 are respectively connected to the feeding ends of the four groups of shaftless screw conveyors 6, and the plurality of edge discharge ports 23 are arranged around the edge of the central discharge port 24.

[0046] The bottom of the edge discharge port 23 and the center discharge port 24 is respectively connected with a discharge hopper 25, the edge discharge port 23 is connected with the feeding end of the shaftless screw conveyor 6 through the discharge hopper 25, and the inside of the discharge hopper 25 is provided with a metering control scale 26.

[0047] The metering control scale 26 can be one of a hopper feeder, a loss-in-weight scale, a gravimetric feeder or a proportioning valve, and the hopper feeder, the loss-in-weight scale, the gravimetric feeder or the proportioning valve is equipped with conventional equipment in the prior art.

[0048] The plurality of edge discharge ports 23 are mainly arranged to facilitate synchronous feeding and filling of the plurality of groups of shaftless screw conveyors 6, facilitate synchronous monitoring and filling, facilitate improvement of filling efficiency, and further ensure uniformity and consistency of filling.

[0049] In actual application, four edge discharge ports 23 are arranged.

[0050] The silo barrel 17 is further provided with a belt conveyor (not shown in the figure), the discharge end of the belt conveyor is arranged above the silo barrel 17, the conveyed material falls into the silo barrel 17, the feeding end of the belt conveyor is connected with a transport ship (not shown in the figure), and the feeding end of the belt conveyor is correspondingly arranged below the discharge port of the transport ship.

[0051] The arrangement is mainly to facilitate sand and stone conveying in cooperation with external equipment and ensure safety of conveying.

[0052] The bottom of the center discharge port 24 is provided with a reinforcing vertical plate 27, and the bottom of the reinforcing vertical plate 27 is fixedly connected with the mounting plate 7.

[0053] The arrangement is mainly to facilitate strengthening of the strength and stability of the device, and to ensure safety of rotation and use of the entire device.

[0054] A construction method of a gravity type caisson balanced sand filling device includes the following steps: S1: device installation, installing a track 2 on the top of a caisson 1, when installing, adjacent caissons 1 are also connected through the track 2, then installing a moving support mechanism 3, a shaftless screw conveyor 6, a stirring mechanism 9 and a metering control scale 26, after completion, debugging is performed to ensure stable installation, and device installation is completed; Specifically, in this step, first, the caissons 1 are sequentially installed in place, second, the track 2 is installed on the top of the caissons 1, then the moving support mechanism 3 is installed on the track, after that, the stirring mechanism 9 is installed, then the shaftless screw conveyor 6 and related accessories are installed, and at the same time, monitoring equipment (including an infrared monitoring instrument 16 and a metering control scale 26) is installed. S2: Device movement and positioning, after completing step S1, the shaftless screw conveyor 6 is moved onto the track 2 by moving the support mechanism 3, then the shaftless screw conveyor 6 is aligned with the to-be-filled sand-filled cell 11 by the rolling ball 8, then the moving support mechanism 3 is locked, and the shaftless screw conveyor 6 is fixed; S3: Sand filling and separation and scattering, the backfill sand on the transport ship is transported into the hopper barrel 17 by the belt conveyor, then the stirring motor 22 is started to drive the stirring cone 18 and the stirring blade 19 to separate and scatter the backfill sand; S4: First material distribution, after completing step S3, the backfill sand enters the shaftless screw conveyor 6 through the edge discharge port 23, the backfill sand is filled into the cell 11 by the shaftless screw conveyor 6, at the same time, the central discharge port 24 is opened, the backfill sand is filled into the corresponding cell 11 through the central discharge port 24, the filling flow is monitored and controlled by the infrared monitor 16 and the metering control scale 26, until the backfill sand is filled to the designed height, the edge discharge port 23 and the central discharge port 24 are stopped, the shaftless screw conveyor 6 is closed, and the belt conveyor is stopped, completing the first distribution of the cell 11; Specifically, before the first distribution, the transport ship transports the sand to the nearby wharf, the material is transported into the hopper barrel 17 by the belt conveyor, then the first distribution is started, when the distribution is started, the cells 11 at the corners of the caisson 1 are distributed first, and the cells 11 in the middle are distributed (i.e., the corner cell and the middle cell distribution).

[0055] In this application, the metering control scale 26 can be one of a hopper feeder, a loss-in-weight scale, a quantitative feeder scale, or a distribution valve, and the infrared monitor 16 and the hopper feeder, the loss-in-weight scale, the quantitative feeder scale, or the distribution valve all use conventional equipment in the prior art.

[0056] S5: Second material distribution, after completing step S4, the shaftless screw conveyor 6 is rotated by the rolling ball 8 to make the shaftless screw conveyor 6 discharge port correspond to another to-be-filled cell 11, the edge discharge port 23 corresponding to the shaftless screw conveyor 6 is opened, the shaftless screw conveyor 6 and the belt conveyor are started, and the to-be-filled cell 11 corresponding to the shaftless screw conveyor 6 is filled, until the backfill sand is filled to the designed height, the edge discharge port 23 is stopped, the shaftless screw conveyor 6 is closed, and the belt conveyor is stopped, completing the second distribution of the cell 11; In practical applications, the mobile support mechanism 3 is generally installed in four groups, four groups of mobile support mechanisms 3 are sequentially connected through four main beams 4, four groups of mobile support mechanisms 3 are provided with sliding plates 5, four groups of shaftless screw conveyors 6 are arranged on the sliding plates 5, the feeding end of the four groups of shaftless screw conveyors 6 is connected with the stirring mechanism 9, the center of the rectangle formed by the four main beams 4 is provided with a center shaft 10, the center shaft 10 is a tubular structure, the four groups of shaftless screw conveyors 6 are arranged in a ring array with the center shaft 10 as the center, the caisson 1 is provided with nine compartments 11 arranged in a rectangular array, and four edge discharge ports 23 are arranged corresponding to the four groups of shaftless screw conveyors 6.

[0057] Therefore, based on the above description, in the actual adjustment of the rotation angle of the shaftless screw conveyor 6, the rotation angle is generally adjusted to 30°-60°, and the optimal value is 45°.

[0058] S6: The material distributing machine moves and circulates the material: After step S5 is completed, the compartments 11 of the first caisson 1 have all been filled with sand, and then the shaftless screw conveyor 6 is moved to the next caisson 1 by the mobile support mechanism 3, and the above steps S2 to S5 are repeated until the filling of sand in all specified compartments 11 is completed.

[0059] Specifically, after the filling in step S5 is completed, the device is moved to the next caisson or area to be filled, and the above steps S2 to S5 are repeated until the filling of sand in all specified compartments 11 is completed, and finally the device is disassembled. During the disassembly process, the material distributing device is disassembled part by part, that is, part of the equipment that is difficult to disassemble can be selected not to be disassembled, thereby facilitating the subsequent installation.

[0060] In step 6, when moving between caissons 1, the track 2 can be used for horizontal and vertical movement to realize the filling operation of the next caisson 1. Similarly, the track 2 can also be used for longitudinal movement along the wharf to reduce the problem of repeated lifting and installation of the filling equipment. Only by installing the track can the problem be solved, the overall time is shortened, and the engineering cost is saved.

[0061] The present application realizes the rapid positioning and cross-caisson operation of the shaftless screw conveyor 6 by combining the shaftless screw conveyor 6 with the track 2 and the mobile support mechanism 3, and reduces the time for equipment movement and adjustment. Compared with the traditional method, the time is saved by up to 50%, the construction speed is greatly improved, and the engineering period is shortened.

[0062] The present application adopts the combined design of the stirring cone 18 and the shaftless screw conveyor 6, effectively stirs and uniformly distributes the sand and gravel, controls the discharge amount in real time through the metering control scale 26, combines the discharges of multiple shaftless screw conveyors 6, ensures the uniform distribution of the backfill sand in each compartment 11, effectively avoids the structural risk caused by uneven filling in the traditional method, and enhances the stability of the caisson 1.

[0063] The rolling beads of the shaftless screw conveyor 6 allow it to rotate 30°-60° without moving position, which can flexibly adjust the discharging direction to adapt to the layout requirements of different compartments 11, reduces the number of equipment repositioning, and improves the construction flexibility.

[0064] The application realizes real-time monitoring of various data in the construction process through the metering control scale 26 and the infrared monitor 16, ensures that the sand filling operation meets the environmental protection specifications and the safety operation standards, and realizes longitudinal and transverse walking through the sliding rail walking, realizes the backfilling of the caisson 1 in multiple faces or along the shore, controls the sand filling amount and the uniform distribution of materials, reduces the waste of sand and gravel and the environmental pollution, realizes automatic material distribution, reduces the risk of manual operation, and improves the construction safety.

[0065] Compared with the improved device for uniform backfilling sand guide pipe of gravity wharf caisson disclosed in the publication No. CN219731839U, the application is suitable for caissons 1 of various sizes and various environmental conditions, realizes uniform and accurate control of sand filling through the metering control scale 26 to control the discharging amount in real time and the stirring and separation of the stirring cone, realizes material conveying and sand filling through the 4 groups of shaftless screw conveyors 6, solves the problem of multi-point arrangement through the design of the shaftless screw conveyor and the rotation function, has large conveying and pushing force, smooth transportation, and uniform material distribution, the equipment can be disassembled only once, the overall construction time is shortened, and the sliding rail technology can be applied to the sand filling of caissons arranged longitudinally and transversely or concentratedly along the shore.

Claims

1. A gravity-type caisson equalization sand filling device, characterized in that... The structure includes a track (2) set on the top of the caisson (1), a number of movable support mechanisms (3) set on the track (2), the number of movable support mechanisms (3) connected in sequence by a main beam (4), a sliding plate (5) set on the movable support mechanism (3), a number of shaftless screw conveyors (6) set on the sliding plate (5), an installation plate (7) set at the bottom of the shaftless screw conveyor (6), a rolling ball (8) set at the bottom of the installation plate (7), the rolling ball (8) supported on the upper surface of the sliding plate (5), a stirring mechanism (9) connected to the feeding end of the number of shaftless screw conveyors (6), a central shaft (10) set at the center of the structure formed by the main beam (4), the central shaft (10) is a tubular structure, the number of shaftless screw conveyors (6) are arranged in a ring array with the central shaft (10) as the center, and the caisson (1) includes a number of compartments (11) distributed in a rectangular array.

2. The gravity-type caisson equalization sand filling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile support mechanism (3) includes a mobile wheel (13) with a flange structure (12), a support bracket (14) on the mobile wheel (13), the side of the support bracket (14) is fixedly connected to the main beam (4), and a sliding plate (5) is fixedly installed on the top.

3. The gravity-type caisson equal sand filling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sliding plate (5) is provided with an arc-shaped groove (15), and the rolling ball (8) is limited inside the arc-shaped groove (15).

4. The gravity-type caisson equalization sand filling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shaftless screw conveyor (6) is equipped with an infrared monitoring instrument (16) for monitoring depth at the discharge end.

5. The gravity-type caisson equal sand filling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stirring mechanism (9) includes a hopper (17), inside which is a stirring cone (18) and a stirring blade (19). The stirring blade (19) is connected to the stirring cone (18), the stirring cone (18) is connected to a stirring shaft (20), the stirring shaft (20) is connected to a speed reducer (21), and the speed reducer (21) is matched with a stirring motor (22).

6. The gravity-type caisson equal sand filling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom of the hopper (17) is provided with a central discharge port (24) and multiple edge discharge ports (23). The multiple edge discharge ports (23) are respectively connected to the feed end of the four sets of shaftless screw conveyors (6). The multiple edge discharge ports (23) are arranged around the edge of the central discharge port (24).

7. The gravity-type caisson equal sand filling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the edge discharge port (23) and the center discharge port (24) are respectively connected to the discharge hopper (25). The edge discharge port (23) is connected to the feed end of the shaftless screw conveyor (6) through the discharge hopper (25). A metering control scale (26) is installed inside the discharge hopper (25).

8. The gravity-type caisson equal sand filling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The silo (17) is also equipped with a belt conveyor. The discharge end of the belt conveyor is located above the silo (17). The conveyed material falls into the silo (17). The feed end of the belt conveyor is connected to a transport ship, and the feed end of the belt conveyor is located below the discharge port of the transport ship.

9. The gravity-type caisson equalization sand filling device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the central discharge port (24) is provided with a reinforcing vertical plate (27), and the bottom of the reinforcing vertical plate (27) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (7).

10. A construction method for a gravity-type caisson equal sand-filling device according to claim 9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Install the device. Install the track (2) on the top of the caisson (1). During installation, the adjacent caissons (1) are also connected by the track (2). Then install the mobile support mechanism (3), shaftless screw conveyor (6), mixing mechanism (9) and metering control scale (26). After completion, debug to ensure that the installation is stable and complete the device installation. S2: Device movement and positioning. After completing step S1, the shaftless screw conveyor (6) is moved onto the track (2) by the moving support mechanism (3). Then, the shaftless screw conveyor (6) is aligned with the discharge port and the central discharge port (24) of the sand-filling compartment (11) by the rolling ball (8). Then, the moving support mechanism (3) is locked and the shaftless screw conveyor (6) is fixed. S3: Sand conveying and separation and dispersing: The backfill sand on the transport ship is conveyed to the silo (17) by the belt conveyor. Then the mixing motor (22) is turned on to drive the mixing cone (18) and mixing blades (19) to separate and disperse the backfill sand. S4: First filling: After completing step S3, the backfill sand enters the shaftless screw conveyor (6) through the edge discharge port (23). The shaftless screw conveyor (6) fills the backfill sand into the compartment (11). At the same time, the center discharge port (24) is opened. The backfill sand is filled into the corresponding compartment (11) through the center discharge port (24). The sand filling flow rate is monitored and controlled by the infrared monitor (16) and the metering control scale (26) until the backfill sand reaches the design height. Then, the material is discharged from the edge discharge port (23) and the center discharge port (24). The shaftless screw conveyor (6) is closed. At the same time, the belt conveyor is stopped. The first filling of the compartment (11) is completed. S5: Second filling. After completing step S4, the shaftless screw conveyor (6) is rotated by the rolling ball (8) so that the discharge port of the shaftless screw conveyor (6) corresponds to another compartment (11) to be filled. The edge discharge port (23) corresponding to the shaftless screw conveyor (6) is opened, the shaftless screw conveyor (6) and the belt conveyor are started to fill the compartment (11) corresponding to the shaftless screw conveyor (6) until the backfill sand is filled to the design height. The material is then discharged from the edge discharge port (23), the shaftless screw conveyor (6) is closed, and the belt conveyor is stopped to complete the second filling of the compartment (11). S6: Moving the concrete placing machine and circulating the concrete: After completing step S5, all compartments (11) of the first caisson (1) have been filled with sand. Then, the shaftless screw conveyor (6) is moved to the next caisson (1) by the moving support mechanism (3). The above steps S2 to S5 are repeated until the sand filling work of all designated compartments (11) is completed.

Images