Electronic device

Abstract

The invention provides an electronic device which comprises a first satellite communication antenna arranged on the top and a second satellite communication antenna arranged on the side edge, and on the basis of the first satellite communication antenna on the top of the electronic device, the second satellite communication antenna on the side edge is added for complementation, so that the satellite communication requirement of a conventional handheld scene can be met, and the user experience is improved. And the satellite call requirement of a head-hand scene can be met, and the user experience is improved. Moreover, the two satellite call antennas are used for receiving satellite signals, so that the range of a receiving directional diagram can be widened, antenna signal coverage at a wider angle is realized, and the satellite call performance is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of wireless radio frequency technology, and more specifically to an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of satellite communication technology, some smartphones have begun to support satellite communication functions such as Tiantong and Beidou. Satellite communication functions can provide users with emergency external communication capabilities in scenarios without network coverage, such as in the wild, at sea, and in deserts.

[0003] Currently, mobile phones mainly utilize the top metal frame to implement satellite communication antennas. When using the satellite call function, users need to hold the phone in a specific posture and point the antenna as close to the satellite as possible. Satellite calls can only be made in handheld scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To ensure satellite communication performance in head and hand scenarios and achieve full coverage of satellite communication functions, this disclosure provides an electronic device.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide an electronic device, including:

[0006] A metal frame, the frame being a rectangular structure, the rectangular structure including a top edge located at the top of the electronic device, and a side edge intersecting the top edge;

[0007] A first satellite communication antenna and a second satellite communication antenna, wherein the first satellite communication antenna includes a first radiating branch formed by the frame and the first radiating branch is located at the top; and the second satellite communication antenna includes a second radiating branch formed by the frame and the second radiating branch is located at the side.

[0008] The first satellite communication antenna and the second satellite communication antenna are configured to: transmit signals using the second satellite communication antenna and receive signals using the first satellite communication antenna and the second satellite communication antenna in head-and-hand communication mode.

[0009] In some implementations, the first satellite communication antenna and the second satellite communication antenna are configured as follows:

[0010] In handheld call mode, signals are transmitted using the first satellite call antenna, and signals are received using both the first and second satellite call antennas.

[0011] In some embodiments, one end of the second radiating branch is connected to the floor via a rigid structure, and the other end is a free end. Furthermore, the second radiating branch is at least partially located in the gripping area of ​​the electronic device, which represents the area that can contact the user's hand when the user holds the electronic device.

[0012] In some embodiments, the second radiating stub includes a second feed point connected to a second feed circuit, which excites the second radiating stub to generate a second resonance, the second resonance including a satellite call frequency band and a base station communication frequency band.

[0013] In some embodiments, the second radiating stub includes a third feed point and a fourth feed point. The third feed point is located near the free end of the radiating stub and is connected to a third feed circuit. The third feed circuit excites the second radiating stub to generate a third resonance including a satellite call frequency band, and the fourth feed circuit excites the second radiating stub to generate a fourth resonance including a base station communication frequency band.

[0014] In some embodiments, the electronic device further includes a third radiating branch formed by the frame, one end of which is coupled to the free end of the second radiating branch via a gap, and the other end is a free end;

[0015] The third radiative branch includes a first SAR detection point, which is connected to a first SAR detection circuit.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first satellite communication antenna further includes a first parasitic branch and a second parasitic branch, wherein a first end of the first radiating branch is coupled to the first parasitic branch through a first gap, and a second end of the first radiating branch is coupled to the second parasitic branch through a second gap.

[0017] The first radiating stub includes a first feed point, which is connected to a first feed circuit. The first feed circuit excites the first radiating stub to generate a first resonance, and through the coupling, it excites the first parasitic stub and the second parasitic stub to generate parasitic resonances in the same direction as the current of the first resonance. The first resonance includes a satellite communication frequency band.

[0018] In some embodiments, one end of the first parasitic branch is coupled to the first end of the first radiating branch through the first gap, and the other end is grounded;

[0019] One end of the second parasitic branch is coupled to the second end of the first radiating branch through the second gap, and the other end is grounded;

[0020] The first radiating branch, the first parasitic branch, and the second parasitic branch are symmetric about the virtual axis of symmetry of the rectangular structure.

[0021] In some implementations, the first radiative branch includes a second SAR detection point, which is connected to a second SAR detection circuit.

[0022] In some embodiments, the electronic device further includes a metal support portion disposed within the rectangular structure of the frame, the support portion forming the ground plane for each antenna.

[0023] The electronic device disclosed herein includes a first satellite communication antenna located at the top and a second satellite communication antenna located on the side. By adding the second satellite communication antenna on the side as a complement to the first antenna at the top, it can not only meet the satellite communication needs of conventional handheld scenarios but also those of head-and-hand scenarios, thus improving the user experience. Furthermore, using two satellite communication antennas to receive satellite signals can broaden the reception pattern range, achieving wider antenna signal coverage and improving satellite communication performance. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this disclosure or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Tiantong antenna in related technologies.

[0026] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The radiation pattern of the Tiantong antenna is shown.

[0027] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The radiation pattern of the Tiantong antenna shown is in head-and-hand communication mode.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device in some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a scenario in which an electronic device is held in a gripping state according to some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure of an electronic device in some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a radiation pattern of the second satellite communication antenna in free space in some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0032] Figure 8a This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second satellite communication antenna in some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0033] Figure 8b This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second satellite communication antenna in some other embodiments of this disclosure.

[0034] Figure 9 This is a radiation pattern of the second satellite communication antenna in a held state according to some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first satellite communication antenna in some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0036] Figure 11 This is a current distribution diagram of the first satellite communication antenna in some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0037] Figure 12 This is a radiation pattern of the first satellite communication antenna in head-and-hand communication mode in some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0038] Figure 13 This is a radiation pattern of the second satellite communication antenna in head-and-hand communication mode in some embodiments of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of this disclosure will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this disclosure, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this disclosure without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this disclosure described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0040] Satellite communication refers to communication between ground-based wireless devices using satellites as relays. A satellite communication system consists of two parts: a satellite and ground equipment. It does not require ground base stations for relaying, and therefore has advantages such as a large communication range and being unaffected by geological disasters.

[0041] With the development of satellite communication technology, functions such as satellite short messages and satellite calls are becoming increasingly common in conventional consumer electronic devices. For example, some smartphones and wearable devices have begun to support satellite communication functions such as Tiantong and Beidou. Satellite communication functions can provide users with emergency external communication capabilities in scenarios without network access, such as in the wild or at sea.

[0042] To enhance the efficiency of satellite-to-ground signal transmission, satellites transmit signals to the ground using circular polarization. Compared to traditional linear polarized antennas, circularly polarized antennas provide approximately 3dB more signal strength to ground equipment while maintaining comparable antenna efficiency. Furthermore, circularly polarized antennas offer stronger penetration and coverage, enhancing the suppression of rain and fog interference and reducing multipath reflections.

[0043] In this disclosure, mobile phone call scenarios are defined as "handheld scenario" and "head-and-hand scenario." The handheld scenario refers to a user holding the phone and using the hands-free function to make a call, meaning the other party's voice is played through the phone's speakerphone. The head-and-hand scenario refers to a user placing the phone's earpiece to their ear, allowing for a private call by playing the other party's voice through the earpiece.

[0044] In related technologies, satellite communication antennas for electronic devices are mainly frame antennas, that is, they utilize the metal frame of the electronic device as a radiator to transmit and receive satellite signals, for example... Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a satellite communication antenna for a smartphone in related technologies is shown.

[0045] Figure 1 The antenna system structure at the top of the phone is shown, such as... Figure 1 As shown, in the relevant technical solution, the satellite communication antenna is located at the top center of the mobile phone. Figure 1 In the example, the satellite communication antenna is the Tiantong antenna. The Tiantong satellite communication system is a satellite mobile communication system independently developed by my country. The Tiantong satellite communication system can support satellite voice calls, which are referred to as Tiantong calls.

[0046] When using the antenna for calling on a mobile phone, because the antenna is located at the top of the phone, its radiation pattern is mainly oriented towards the zenith region. For example... Figure 2 As shown. To achieve accurate satellite search and connection, users need to hold their mobile phones in an open area and adjust their phone's position according to the instructions, trying to keep the antenna's radiation direction aligned with the Tiantong satellite.

[0047] During this process, the voice communication between the other end of the TianTong call can only be played through the speaker, meaning it's only suitable for handheld scenarios. If the user holds the phone's earpiece close to their ear, the performance of the TianTong antenna will be affected by the head and hand movements. On one hand, this causes the antenna's radiated energy to be absorbed by the human body, significantly reducing antenna performance. On the other hand, the head and hand influence can distort the antenna's radiation pattern, for example... Figure 3 As shown, in the head and hand scenario, the antenna radiation pattern is mainly oriented towards the bottom of the back cover, and its performance makes it unable to communicate with the Tiantong satellite.

[0048] Therefore, it is evident that the Tiantong antenna in the relevant technology can only support satellite calls in handheld scenarios and cannot meet the requirements of satellite calls in head-and-hand scenarios, resulting in a lack of user experience. Based on this, the present disclosure provides an electronic device aimed at improving satellite call performance in head-and-hand scenarios and enabling satellite call functionality in these scenarios.

[0049] In this disclosure, the electronic device can be any type of device suitable for implementation. It is understood that in the antenna system of this disclosure, the antenna radiator is mainly realized by the frame of the electronic device. Therefore, the electronic device can be any device with a metal frame, such as a smartphone, tablet computer, wearable device, etc. This disclosure does not limit it.

[0050] In some implementations, the electronic device is, for example, a smartphone. Figure 4 The present disclosure illustrates the structure of a smartphone in some embodiments, including a frame 100, a screen assembly 200, and a back panel 300. The frame 100 serves as the main support structure of the smartphone and is generally made of metal. Various electrical and structural components of the smartphone can be arranged on the frame 100. For example, one side of the frame 100 is used to mount the screen assembly 200 to form the front of the smartphone, and the other side of the frame 100 is used to mount the back panel 300 to form the back of the smartphone.

[0051] The frame 100 includes a support portion 120 and a bezel 110 formed around the edge of the support portion 120. After the screen assembly 200 and the back panel 300 are encapsulated, the bezel 110 serves as the side bezel of the mobile phone. The frame 100 is generally made of metal materials such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel, so the bezel 110 can serve as the metal radiator of the mobile phone antenna system. By creating a slit in the bezel 110 and connecting the corresponding radio frequency circuit, signal communication of various frequency bands of the mobile phone can be achieved. The support portion 120 serves as the ground plane (GND) of the antenna system. The ground plane is a zero-potential element of the electrical system. In the antenna system, the antenna radiator is grounded by connecting to the ground plane.

[0052] The border 110 is a rectangular or rounded rectangle structure. In this embodiment of the disclosure, the top of the rectangular border is defined as the top edge, the bottom as the bottom edge, and the left and right sides as the side edges.

[0053] Of course, smartphones can also include other types of electrical structures, as disclosed in this disclosure. Figure 4 The embodiments are not shown. For example, a circuit board, various sensors, batteries, etc. are usually disposed between the support portion 120 of the frame 100 and the back plate 300. Those skilled in the art will understand this, and it will not be described in detail in this disclosure.

[0054] First, for ease of understanding and explanation, the following will explain the frequency bands included in the antenna field for satellite communication, including low frequency (LB), mid-high frequency (MHB), and high frequency (HB).

[0055] Currently, the mainstream satellite communication systems include the BeiDou short message communication system and the Tiantong satellite communication system, which enables satellite calls. The BeiDou system's uplink (Tx) frequency band is approximately 1610MHz–1626.5MHz, and its downlink (Rx) frequency band is approximately 2483.5MHz–2500MHz. The Tiantong system's uplink (Tx) frequency band is approximately 1980MHz–2010MHz, and its downlink (Rx) frequency band is approximately 2170MHz–2200MHz. Furthermore, both BeiDou uplink and Tiantong uplink and downlink signals are left-handed circularly polarized, while BeiDou downlink signals are right-handed circularly polarized.

[0056] The low-frequency (LB) band has a frequency range of approximately 700MHz to 960MHz, and mainly includes B5, B8, B12, B17, B20, and B28 for LTE (Long Term Evolution); GSM850 and GSM900 for GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications); CDMA0, WCDMA5, and WCDMA8 for CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access); and N28 for 5G.

[0057] The mid-to-high frequency (MHB) band ranges from approximately 1710MHz to 2690MHz, and mainly includes the B1, B3, B4, B7, B34, B38, B39, B40, and B41 bands for LTE; GSM1800 and GSM1900 bands for GSM; WCDMA1, WCDMA2, WCDMA3, and WCDMA4 bands for CDMA; and N1, N3, N7, N38, and N41 bands for 5G.

[0058] The high-frequency (HB) bands mainly include the N77 band (frequency range 3.3GHz~4.2GHz), N78 band (frequency range 3.3GHz~3.8GHz), and N79 band (frequency range 4.8GHz~4.9GHz) of the 5G standard.

[0059] Secondly, for ease of understanding and explanation, some of the nouns and technical terms appearing in the embodiments of this disclosure are explained below.

[0060] Radiator / Radiating Stub: This is the component in an antenna used to receive and transmit electromagnetic radiation. Radiators / radiating stubs are typically made of metal. The shape and size of the radiator / radiating stub vary depending on the antenna type and system. In some cases, the narrow definition of "antenna" refers to the radiator / radiating stub; that is, the radiator / radiating stub can be directly called an antenna. In a broader sense, however, the radiator / radiating stub represents the part of the antenna used for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves. Besides the radiator / radiating stub, an antenna often includes electrical components such as feed circuits and matching circuits.

[0061] Feed circuitry: This is a combination of all circuitry used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency (RF) signals. Feed circuitry may include transceivers and RF front-end circuitry; in some implementations, it may be an RF chip.

[0062] Feed point: This refers to the location on the radiator / radiating stub where it is electrically connected to the feed circuit. In some scenarios, the feed point on the radiator / radiating stub is also called the "top frame point," which can be understood as the connection point between the feed circuit and the metal frame.

[0063] Suspended: This refers to a situation where there is no rigid structural connection between the radiator / radiating branch and the floor, thus the radiator / radiating branch is suspended relative to the floor. However, it is understandable that a suspended radiator / radiating branch can still be electrically connected to provide power or grounding.

[0064] Resonance: refers to the resonant frequency generated by the antenna. The resonant frequency can have a frequency range, that is, the frequency range in which the current resonates on the radiator / radiating stub. The frequency corresponding to the strongest resonance point is the center point of the resonant frequency, also called the center frequency point. It can be understood that the first resonance, second resonance, etc. in the embodiments of this disclosure are the radio frequency band generated by the antenna system.

[0065] Antenna radiation pattern: This refers to the graph showing the relative field strength of the antenna's radiated field as a function of direction at a certain distance from the antenna (far field). It is usually represented by two mutually perpendicular plane radiation patterns passing through the direction of maximum radiation of the antenna, for example... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown.

[0066] SAR, short for Specific Absorption Rate, is a measure of the electromagnetic energy absorbed and dissipated by the human body in an electromagnetic exposure environment. Excessively high SAR values ​​for antennas may pose a health hazard. Therefore, various countries have strict regulations regarding the SAR performance of electronic devices. If these regulations are exceeded, the electronic devices cannot be sold and may even face fines or market withdrawal. This makes SAR testing of antennas in electronic devices particularly important. SAR value testing of antennas typically involves using a suspended radiating element / radiating branch as the equivalent capacitance for measurement.

[0067] Coupling: refers to a connection method in which two components do not directly contact each other, but their electric or magnetic fields influence each other when energized, thus allowing them to transfer energy to each other.

[0068] Grip Area / Non-Grip Area: This refers to the areas of an electronic device that a user can touch while using it, and areas that cannot. The areas that can be touched by the user's hand are defined as grip areas, and the areas that cannot are defined as non-grip areas. For example, consider a smartphone. Figure 5 As shown, when a user holds the phone normally, the lower half of the phone can generally contact the user's palm, while the top generally cannot. Therefore, the lower half of the phone can be defined as the holding area, while the top is the non-holding area.

[0069] Handheld calling mode: This refers to using a hands-free mode when making or receiving calls on an electronic device. In this mode, the other party's voice is played through the speaker, so the user does not need to bring the earpiece close to their head; they only need to hold the device. In handheld calling mode, the device's antenna system is only affected by the hand, not the user's head.

[0070] Head-and-hand calling mode: This refers to a user making or receiving calls on an electronic device without using speakerphone. In this mode, the other party's voice is played through the earpiece, requiring the user to hold the electronic device close to their head. In head-and-hand calling mode, the electronic device's antenna system is affected by both the hand and the head.

[0071] Figure 6 The following diagram illustrates the structure of an electronic device in some embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 6 The structure and principle of the antenna system disclosed herein are explained.

[0072] Figure 6Only a partial structure of the electronic device frame is shown; other parts are not shown, but those skilled in the art can undoubtedly understand and fully implement them by referring to relevant technologies, and this disclosure will not elaborate further.

[0073] exist Figure 6 In the example, the gray area represents the electronic device ground (GND), combined with... Figure 4 As shown, the floor can be formed by the support part 120 of the electronic device frame 100, and the white strip structure is the metal frame 110 of the electronic device.

[0074] See Figure 6 As shown in the present embodiment, the satellite communication antenna system of the electronic device includes a first satellite communication antenna ANT1 and a second satellite communication antenna ANT2. The first satellite communication antenna ANT1 is located on the top edge of the electronic device, and the second satellite communication antenna ANT2 is located on the side edge of the electronic device. For example... Figure 6 In the example, the second satellite communication antenna ANT2 is located on the right side of the electronic device. Of course, those skilled in the art will understand that the second satellite communication antenna ANT2 can also be located on the left side of the electronic device, and this disclosure will not elaborate further on this.

[0075] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the first satellite communication antenna ANT1 includes a first radiating stub 410, which is connected to a first feeding circuit K1. The first feeding circuit K1 is used to excite the first radiating stub 410 to generate a first resonance. The first resonance includes a satellite communication frequency band, which may include, for example, the aforementioned Tiantong uplink and downlink frequency bands.

[0076] It is understood that the first satellite communication antenna ANT1, as the main satellite communication antenna on the top of the electronic device, has improved and optimized the antenna structure and performance of the first satellite communication antenna ANT1 in this embodiment compared with the traditional satellite communication antenna. This will be described in the following embodiments.

[0077] Continue to refer to Figure 6 The second satellite communication antenna ANT2 includes a second radiating stub 420, which is located on the side of the electronic device and is implemented through the side frame of the electronic device. One end of the second radiating stub 420 is grounded to the ground via a rigid rib connected to the ground plane (GND), and the other end is a free end. Specifically, the other end of the second radiating stub 420 is coupled to other metal frames 110 through a gap.

[0078] In this embodiment, the second radiating stub 420 is connected to the second feed circuit K2, and the connection point between the second feed circuit K2 and the second radiating stub 420 is the second feed point. The second feed circuit K2 can excite the second radiating stub 420 to generate a second resonance, which includes a satellite communication frequency band, such as the aforementioned Tiantong uplink and downlink frequency bands.

[0079] In conjunction with the foregoing, in this embodiment of the present disclosure, the electronic device is provided with a satellite communication antenna on the top and a side, so that the two satellite communication antennas can complement each other and the satellite communication performance can be guaranteed by switching between the two antennas in different communication modes.

[0080] For example, in a handheld call scenario, the user holds the electronic device, and the top-mounted first satellite communication antenna ANT1 is unaffected by the user's hand or head. Compared to the side-mounted second satellite communication antenna ANT2, the first satellite communication antenna ANT1 has superior antenna performance. Therefore, in handheld call mode, the antenna system can be controlled to transmit signals using the first satellite communication antenna ANT1, and simultaneously utilizes both the first satellite communication antenna ANT1 and the second satellite communication antenna ANT2 to receive signals, achieving complementary reception patterns and improving reception performance to some extent.

[0081] In head-and-hand communication scenarios, where the user holds the electronic device close to their ear, the top-mounted satellite communication antenna ANT1 is pressed against the head, significantly impacting both antenna performance and radiation direction. In this situation, the side-mounted second satellite communication antenna ANT2 offers superior performance. Therefore, in head-and-hand communication mode, the antenna system can be controlled to transmit signals using the second satellite communication antenna ANT2. Furthermore, both the first and second satellite communication antennas ANT1 and ANT2 can be used simultaneously to receive signals, achieving complementary reception patterns and improving reception performance to some extent.

[0082] As described above, in this embodiment, a second satellite communication antenna is added to the side as a complement to the first satellite communication antenna on the top of the electronic device. This not only meets the satellite communication needs of conventional handheld scenarios but also the satellite communication needs of head-and-hand scenarios, improving the user experience. Moreover, using two satellite communication antennas to receive satellite signals can broaden the reception pattern range to a certain extent, achieving wider antenna signal coverage and improving satellite communication performance.

[0083] In some embodiments of this disclosure, one end of the second radiating branch 420 is grounded via a rigid rib connected to a ground plane (GND), the other end is a free end, and the second radiating branch 420 is at least partially located in the gripping area of ​​the electronic device.

[0084] The purpose of placing the second radiating branch 420 in the grip area of ​​the electronic device is to adjust the radiation direction of the second radiating branch 420 by utilizing the relative contact between the second radiating branch 420 and the user's hand when the user holds the electronic device, thereby making the second satellite communication antenna ANT2 have strong coverage in the zenith direction, thus achieving complementary enhancement to the top first satellite communication antenna ANT1.

[0085] For example Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 The radiation pattern of the second satellite communication antenna ANT2 in free space is shown. Figure 7 As can be seen, the radiation direction of the second satellite communication antenna ANT2 in free space is mainly concentrated in the bottom direction, thus having a small complementary effect on the first satellite communication antenna ANT1 at the top.

[0086] Therefore, in this embodiment of the present disclosure, in order to optimize the radiation direction of the second satellite communication antenna ANT2 and improve the radiation performance in the zenith direction, the improvement directions for the side-mounted second satellite communication antenna ANT2 include the following two aspects: First, the second radiating stub 420 is set in the grip area, thereby ensuring that when the electronic device is held, at least part of the second radiating stub 420 can have direct contact with the user's hand; Second, the satellite communication frequency band of the second satellite communication antenna ANT2 is integrated with other frequency bands to ensure that the satellite communication frequency band is excited by the entire radiating stub.

[0087] For example, see smartphones. Figure 6 As shown, the distance L1 from the free end to the top edge of the second radiating branch 420 can be set to be no less than 40mm. For example, L1 can be 40mm to 60mm, so as to ensure that the palm or fingers of the user will contact the second radiating branch 420 regardless of whether the user holds the phone with their left hand or right hand.

[0088] Secondly, the integration of the second radiating stub 420 with other communication frequency bands can adopt a single-feed scheme or a double-feed scheme, for example... Figure 8a The second satellite communication antenna ANT2 of the single-feed scheme is shown. Figure 8b The second satellite communication antenna ANT2 of the doubly fed scheme is shown, and will be described below.

[0089] exist Figure 8a In the example, the second radiating stub 420 is connected to the second feed circuit K2, and the electrical connection point of the second feed circuit K2 on the second radiating stub 420 is the second feed point. The second feed circuit K2 excites the second radiating stub 420 to generate a second resonance.

[0090] In this disclosed example, the second resonance includes not only the satellite communication frequency band but also the base station communication frequency band, which can be any of the aforementioned low-frequency (LB), mid-high-frequency (MHB), and high-frequency (HB) bands. For example, in one example, the second resonance includes the satellite communication frequency band and low-frequency (LB) bands such as B20 and B28.

[0091] In this example, satellite communication is co-fed with other frequency bands so that current can be excited across the entire second radiating stub 410 when satellite communication is in operation.

[0092] exist Figure 8b In this example, the second radiating stub 420 connects the third feed circuit K3 and the fourth feed circuit K4. The electrical connection point of the third feed circuit K3 on the second radiating stub 420 is the third feed point, and the electrical connection point of the fourth feed circuit K4 on the second radiating stub 420 is the fourth feed point. In this example, the third feed point is positioned as close as possible to the free end of the second radiating stub 420, and the fourth feed point is located between the third feed point and the grounding terminal of the second radiating stub 420.

[0093] In this disclosed example, since it is a doubly fed scheme, the third feed circuit K3 can be used to excite the second radiating stub 420 to generate a third resonance, which includes the satellite communication frequency band. The fourth feed circuit K4 can be used to excite the second radiating stub 420 to generate a fourth resonance, which can include the base station communication frequency band. The base station communication frequency band can be any of the aforementioned low frequency (LB), mid-high frequency (MHB), and high frequency (HB) bands. For example, in one example, the second resonance includes the satellite call frequency band and low frequency (LB) bands such as B20 and B28.

[0094] exist Figure 8b In the example, when satellite communication is in operation, the fourth feed circuit K4 is in a high-impedance state, so that satellite communication is generated by the third feed circuit K3 stimulating the entire second radiating branch 410.

[0095] Of course, those skilled in the art will understand that in the above example, the base station communication frequency band is not limited to the LB band, but can also be, for example, the MHB band, HB band, etc., only the stub length and matching circuit need to be adjusted accordingly, and this disclosure will not elaborate further.

[0096] Taking the handheld calling scenario of electronic devices as an example, in the aforementioned Figure 8a or Figure 8b In the antenna structure, when the electronic device is working in handheld call mode, the first satellite call antenna ANT1 on the top is used as the transmitting antenna, while the second satellite call antenna ANT2 on the side can be used as an auxiliary receiving antenna.

[0097] When a user holds the electronic device, their hand comes into contact with the second radiating stub 420, which causes the current distribution on the second radiating stub 420 to change due to the influence of the hand, so that the radiation direction of the second satellite communication antenna ANT2 is mainly directed towards the zenith region.

[0098] For example Figure 9 The radiation pattern of the second satellite communication antenna ANT2 is shown when the device is held in both hands, for comparison. Figure 7 and Figure 9 As can be seen, the radiation that was originally directed towards the bottom in free space becomes mainly directed towards the zenith region when held, thus receiving signals with stronger coverage of the zenith region and effectively enhancing the reception performance of the top first satellite communication antenna ANT1.

[0099] As described above, in this embodiment, by placing the second satellite communication antenna ANT2 in the grip area of ​​the electronic device, the influence of hand contact on the radiation direction can be effectively utilized, causing more radiation to concentrate towards the zenith region, thereby increasing the coverage of the received signal in the zenith region and thus improving satellite communication performance. Furthermore, the second satellite communication antenna ANT2 can integrate other communication frequency bands, reducing the space occupied by the device and simplifying antenna system design through multi-band fusion antennas.

[0100] Furthermore, as mentioned above, SAR performance is a requirement that electronic devices must meet, making SAR detection crucial for electronic device antenna systems. However, in this embodiment, since the bottom of the second radiating stub 420 is grounded via a rigid rib, it is incompatible with SAR detection. To achieve SAR detection, a suspended stub coupled to the second radiating stub 420 can be used.

[0101] See Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the electronic device further includes a third radiating branch 430, which is a suspended branch, meaning that there is no rigid structural connection between the third radiating branch 430 and the floor. One end of the third radiating branch 430 is coupled to the second radiating branch 420 through a gap, and the other end is a free end, for example... Figure 6 In the example, the third radiating branch 430 is coupled to other borders through gaps.

[0102] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the third radiating branch 430 is connected to the first SAR detection circuit, and the electrical connection point between the first SAR detection circuit and the third radiating branch 420 is the first SAR detection point. The suspended third radiating branch 430 is used as an equivalent capacitor to realize SAR detection.

[0103] As can be seen from the above, in the antenna system of this embodiment, the SAR detection circuit is connected by a suspended third radiating stub, which can achieve compatibility with SAR detection and maximize the performance of the side satellite communication antenna while ensuring that the antenna system meets the SAR index requirements.

[0104] The structure and principle of the second satellite communication antenna ANT2 have been explained above. The structure and principle of the first satellite communication antenna ANT1 will be explained in the following implementation.

[0105] like Figure 10 As shown in the embodiment of this disclosure, the first satellite communication antenna ANT1 includes a first radiating stub 410, a first parasitic stub 421, and a second parasitic stub 422. The two ends of the first radiating stub 410 are defined as a first end and a second end, respectively. The first end located on the left is coupled to the first parasitic stub 421 through a first gap F1, and the second end located on the right is coupled to the second parasitic stub 422 through a second gap F2.

[0106] See Figure 1 As shown in the relevant technical solution, the radiator of antenna 1 is connected to the ground via a rigid rib, and the radiator of antenna 1 is grounded in the middle, thus providing... Figure 1 The antenna system shown is an IFA antenna, short for Inverted-F Antenna. An IFA antenna has a structure where one end of the radiating stub is grounded and the other end is open. The feed circuit connects to the radiating stub, thus forming a structure resembling an inverted F, including the grounded end, the radiating stub, and the feed circuit. Therefore, the IFA antenna is also called an inverted-F antenna. The resonant mode of the IFA antenna is the 1 / 4 wavelength mode, meaning the effective electrical length of the radiating stub is 1 / 4 of the wavelength corresponding to the antenna's resonant frequency.

[0107] And in Figure 10 In this exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the first radiating stub 410 of the first satellite communication antenna ANT1 is a suspended stub, meaning that the first radiating stub 410 is no longer connected to the ground via a rigid rib, and there is no rigid structural connection between the first radiating stub 410 and the ground. A first feeding circuit K1 is connected to the first radiating stub 410, thereby feeding the suspended first radiating stub 410. The electrical connection point of the first feeding circuit K1 on the first radiating stub 410 is the first feeding point.

[0108] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the first radiating branch 410 is a suspended structure relative to the floor. The first radiating branch 410 is electrically connected to the first feeding circuit K1. The suspended first radiating branch 410 and the first feeding circuit K1 form a T-shaped structure, thus the antenna also becomes a T-shaped antenna.

[0109] The first feed circuit K1 excites the first radiating stub 410 to generate a first resonance. The first resonance includes the satellite communication frequency band, which may include, for example, the uplink and downlink frequency bands of the Tiantong communication system. It can be understood that the T-shaped antenna is a half-wavelength antenna, that is, the effective electrical length of the first radiating stub 410 is 1 / 2 of the wavelength corresponding to the first resonance.

[0110] In this embodiment, the first satellite communication antenna ANT, in addition to the T-shaped antenna formed by the suspended first radiating stub 410, also includes parasitic stubs at both ends of the first radiating stub 410. One end of the first parasitic stub 421 is grounded through a rigid rib, and the other end is coupled to the first radiating stub 410 through a first gap F1. One end of the second parasitic stub 422 is grounded through a rigid rib, and the other end is coupled to the first radiating stub 410 through a second gap F2.

[0111] When the first feeding circuit K1 feeds the first radiating stub 410, the first feeding circuit K1 generates an excitation current on the first radiating stub 410. Due to the gap coupling effect, the first parasitic stub 421 and the second parasitic stub 422 will also be excited, thereby generating a coupling current. The current direction of the coupling current is the same as the current direction of the main current on the first radiating stub 410, so the coupling current can jointly participate in the radiation of the first resonance.

[0112] Figure 11 It shows Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the current distribution of the first satellite communication antenna is shown in the diagram. The arrows indicate the direction of the current, and the arrow density indicates the current density. (See also...) Figure 11 As can be seen, the main current on the first radiating branch 410 is directed to the right and has a high current density. The coupling current on the first parasitic branch 421 and the second parasitic branch 422 is directed to the right, and the coupling current has a lower density than the main current, which is consistent with the characteristics of coupling current.

[0113] Therefore, in this embodiment of the present disclosure, by using a T-shaped antenna as the main antenna and combining it with parasitic branches on both sides to form a three-current convergence antenna system, the radiation direction coverage of the satellite communication antenna can be widened in the zenith direction.

[0114] As can be seen from the above, in this embodiment of the present disclosure, the first satellite communication antenna with multiple current convergence is formed by utilizing the first radiating branch and the parasitic branches on both sides, thereby widening the radiation direction coverage of the device's zenith region and improving satellite communication performance.

[0115] Furthermore, as mentioned above, SAR performance is a mandatory requirement for electronic devices, making SAR detection of the antenna system crucial. In this embodiment, since the first radiating branch 410 is a suspended branch relative to the ground, it is compatible with SAR detection at the top of the mobile phone. Specifically, the first radiating branch 410 can be connected to a second SAR detection circuit, and the point on the first radiating branch 410 connected to the second SAR detection circuit is the SAR detection point. The suspended first radiating branch 410 is used as an equivalent capacitance to achieve SAR detection.

[0116] As can be seen from the above, in the antenna system of this embodiment, the SAR detection circuit is connected by a suspended first radiating stub, which can achieve compatibility with SAR detection and maximize the performance of the top satellite communication antenna while ensuring that the antenna system meets the SAR index requirements.

[0117] Combination Figure 10 As shown, the first radiating branch 410 is located in the middle of the top edge of the phone, and the first parasitic branch 421 and the second parasitic branch 422 are located on both sides of the top edge of the phone and are coupled to the first radiating branch 410 through a gap. In this embodiment, the first radiating branch 410, the first parasitic branch 421, and the second parasitic branch 422 are symmetrical about the virtual axis of symmetry of the rectangular frame of the smartphone. The symmetrical structure can maintain the aesthetic appearance of the phone on the one hand, and effectively widen the overlapping area of ​​uplink and downlink signals of satellite communication on the other hand, thereby improving satellite communication performance.

[0118] The antenna performance of the disclosed electronic device in handheld call mode has been described above. The antenna performance in head-and-hand call mode will be described below.

[0119] In head-and-hand communication mode, the user holds the electronic device close to their ear, with the top satellite communication antenna ANT1 pressed against their head. (See [link]). Figure 12 As shown, in head-and-hand communication mode, the radiation pattern of the first satellite communication antenna ANT1 is mainly oriented towards the waist and bottom of the back cover, resulting in severe performance degradation.

[0120] As for the second satellite communication antenna ANT2, based on the aforementioned principle, the influence of hand contact on the radiation direction allows more radiation to be concentrated towards the zenith region, thereby increasing the coverage of the received signal over the zenith region. Therefore, in head-and-hand communication mode, the antenna system can be controlled to transmit signals using the second satellite communication antenna ANT2, while simultaneously using the first satellite communication antenna ANT1 and the second satellite communication antenna ANT2 to receive signals.

[0121] Figure 13 The radiation pattern of the second satellite communication antenna ANT2 in head-and-hand communication mode is shown. Figure 13 As can be seen, the radiation direction of the second satellite communication antenna ANT2 is mostly concentrated in the zenith region, which gives it good satellite communication performance.

[0122] As described above, in this embodiment, a second satellite communication antenna is added to the side as a complement to the first satellite communication antenna on the top of the electronic device. This not only meets the satellite communication needs of conventional handheld scenarios but also the satellite communication needs of head-and-hand scenarios, improving the user experience. Moreover, using two satellite communication antennas to receive satellite signals can broaden the reception pattern range to a certain extent, achieving wider antenna signal coverage and improving satellite communication performance.

[0123] In addition, by placing the second satellite communication antenna ANT2 in the grip area of ​​the electronic device, the influence of hand contact on the radiation direction can be effectively utilized, causing more radiation to be concentrated towards the zenith area, thereby increasing the coverage of the received signal in the zenith area and thus improving satellite communication performance.

[0124] Furthermore, the first satellite communication antenna, which uses the first radiating branch and the parasitic branches on both sides to form a multi-current convergence, is used to widen the radiation direction coverage of the equipment's zenith region and improve satellite communication performance.

[0125] Furthermore, both the first satellite communication antenna ANT1 and the second satellite communication antenna ANT2 are compatible with SAR detection, maximizing the performance of the top satellite communication antenna while ensuring that the antenna system meets SAR requirements.

[0126] In some embodiments, the frame of the electronic device may also be provided with other antennas. For example, other parts of the frame may be used to implement an MHB band antenna, or to be compatible with one or more of the first radiating stub, the second radiating stub, the third radiating stub, the first parasitic stub, and the second parasitic stub, to achieve the fusion of satellite positioning, WiFi, or other communication frequency bands (such as LB, MHB, HB bands, etc.). Those skilled in the art will understand this, and this disclosure will not elaborate further.

[0127] In some implementations, the detection of head-and-hand call scenarios and handheld call scenarios can be achieved using the light sensor of the electronic device. For example, in one instance, if the light sensor detects an obstruction while the electronic device is in a call state, it indicates that the call mode has switched to head-and-hand call mode. If the light sensor detects no obstruction, it indicates that the call mode has switched to handheld call mode.

[0128] In some implementations, the detection of head-and-hand call scenarios and handheld call scenarios can be selected by the user. For example, in one instance, if the user selects to enable "hands-free mode" while the electronic device is in a call, the call mode switches to head-and-hand call mode. If the user selects to disable "hands-free mode," the call mode switches to handheld call mode.

[0129] When the electronic device detects a change in the call mode, it can switch the first satellite call antenna ANT1 and the second satellite call antenna ANT2 according to the aforementioned control logic. Those skilled in the art can understand and fully implement this, and this disclosure will not elaborate further.

[0130] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clear illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all embodiments here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A metal frame, the frame being a rectangular structure, the rectangular structure including a top edge located at the top of the electronic device, and a side edge intersecting the top edge; A first satellite communication antenna and a second satellite communication antenna, wherein the first satellite communication antenna includes a first radiating branch formed by the frame, and the first radiating branch is located at the top; The second satellite communication antenna includes a second radiating stub formed by the frame, the second radiating stub being located on the side; The first satellite communication antenna and the second satellite communication antenna are configured to: transmit signals using the second satellite communication antenna and receive signals using the first satellite communication antenna and the second satellite communication antenna in head-and-hand communication mode.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first satellite communication antenna and the second satellite communication antenna are configured as follows: In handheld call mode, signals are transmitted using the first satellite call antenna, and signals are received using both the first and second satellite call antennas.

3. The electronic device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, One end of the second radiating branch is connected to the floor via a rigid structure, and the other end is a free end. Furthermore, the second radiating branch is at least partially located in the gripping area of ​​the electronic device, which is the area that can come into contact with the user's hand when the user holds the electronic device.

4. The electronic device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second radiating stub includes a second feed point, which is connected to a second feed circuit. The second feed circuit excites the second radiating stub to generate a second resonance, which includes a satellite call frequency band and a base station communication frequency band.

5. The electronic device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second radiating stub includes a third feed point and a fourth feed point. The third feed point is close to the free end of the radiating stub and is connected to a third feed circuit. The third feed circuit excites the second radiating stub to generate a third resonance including the satellite call frequency band, and the fourth feed circuit excites the second radiating stub to generate a fourth resonance including the base station communication frequency band.

6. The electronic device according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a third radial branch formed by the frame, one end of which is coupled to the free end of the second radial branch through a gap, and the other end is a free end; The third radiative branch includes a first SAR detection point, which is connected to a first SAR detection circuit.

7. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first satellite communication antenna further includes a first parasitic branch and a second parasitic branch. The first end of the first radiating branch is coupled to the first parasitic branch through a first gap, and the second end of the first radiating branch is coupled to the second parasitic branch through a second gap. The first radiating stub includes a first feed point, which is connected to a first feed circuit. The first feed circuit excites the first radiating stub to generate a first resonance, and through the coupling, it excites the first parasitic stub and the second parasitic stub to generate parasitic resonances in the same direction as the current of the first resonance. The first resonance includes a satellite communication frequency band.

8. The electronic device according to claim 7, characterized in that, One end of the first parasitic branch is coupled to the first end of the first radiating branch through the first gap, and the other end is grounded; One end of the second parasitic branch is coupled to the second end of the first radiating branch through the second gap, and the other end is grounded; The first radiating branch, the first parasitic branch, and the second parasitic branch are symmetric about the virtual axis of symmetry of the rectangular structure.

9. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first radiation stub includes a second SAR detection point, which is connected to a second SAR detection circuit.

10. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a metal support portion, which is located inside the rectangular structure of the frame and forms the ground plane for each antenna.

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