Code rate adjustment method and system, network equipment, terminal equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a code rate adjustment method and system, network equipment, terminal equipment and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: monitoring uplink quality based on satellite transmission to obtain uplink state information; predicting an uplink quality change trend within a preset time range based on the uplink state information; according to the uplink quality change trend, a code rate adjustment instruction is sent to the terminal, and the code rate adjustment instruction is used for indicating the terminal to select the multimedia coding rate to be used. According to the invention, the technical problem of unstable voice and video transmission quality caused by high delay and high error code characteristics of a satellite link is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication technology, and more specifically, to a bit rate adjustment method, system, network device, terminal device, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] With the large-scale deployment of 5G networks, Voice over New Radio (VoNR), as a native voice solution for NR networks, allows users to conduct voice services directly without falling back to Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks. Compared to traditional Voice over Long-Term Evolution (VoLTE), VoNR can utilize higher coding rates, significantly improving voice quality and user experience. However, the transmission characteristics of satellite-based 5G communication systems differ significantly from terrestrial networks. Satellite communication typically has greater transmission latency and a higher bit error rate. Directly applying the high-bit-rate VoNR strategy designed for terrestrial networks can easily lead to errors and loss of voice / video data packets, causing service quality distortion. Furthermore, the significant transmission latency amplifies the impact of retransmission mechanisms, and in severe cases, may even trigger connection timeouts, resulting in call interruptions.

[0003] There is currently no effective solution to the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a bitrate adjustment method, system, network device, terminal device, and storage medium to at least solve the technical problem of unstable voice and video transmission quality caused by the high latency and high bit error rate characteristics of satellite links.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a bitrate adjustment method is provided, comprising: monitoring the uplink quality based on satellite transmission to obtain uplink status information; predicting the uplink quality change trend within a preset time range based on the uplink status information; and sending a bitrate adjustment instruction to a terminal according to the uplink quality change trend, wherein the bitrate adjustment instruction is used to instruct the terminal to select a multimedia encoding rate to be used.

[0006] Optionally, the bitrate adjustment instruction includes: a bitrate reduction instruction. Sending the bitrate adjustment instruction to the terminal based on the uplink quality change trend includes: in response to determining that the uplink quality meets a first preset condition within a preset time range based on the uplink quality change trend, sending the bitrate reduction instruction to the terminal, wherein the bitrate reduction instruction is used to instruct the terminal to reduce the multimedia encoding rate, and the first preset condition is used to determine that the indicator corresponding to the uplink quality continues to deteriorate to exceed the first preset indicator threshold.

[0007] Optionally, the bitrate reduction instruction is used to instruct the terminal to reduce the multimedia encoding rate to a first encoding rate, wherein the number of times the multimedia encoding rate is adjusted is less than the first threshold.

[0008] Optionally, the bitrate adjustment instruction includes: a bitrate increase instruction. Sending the bitrate adjustment instruction to the terminal based on the uplink quality change trend includes: in response to determining that the uplink quality meets a second preset condition within a preset time range based on the uplink quality change trend, sending the bitrate increase instruction to the terminal, wherein the bitrate increase instruction is used to instruct the terminal to increase the multimedia encoding rate, and the second preset condition is used to determine that the indicator corresponding to the uplink quality continues to improve to exceed the second preset indicator threshold.

[0009] Optionally, the bitrate increase instruction is used to instruct the terminal to increase the multimedia encoding rate to a second encoding rate, wherein the number of times the multimedia encoding rate is adjusted is greater than the second threshold.

[0010] Optionally, sending a rate adjustment instruction to the terminal based on the uplink quality change trend includes: sending a rate adjustment instruction to the terminal through indication information based on the uplink quality change trend.

[0011] According to another aspect of the present invention, another bitrate adjustment method is also provided, comprising: receiving a bitrate adjustment instruction sent by a network device, wherein the bitrate adjustment instruction is determined based on the uplink quality change trend within a preset time range, the uplink quality change trend is predicted based on uplink status information, and the uplink status information is obtained by monitoring the uplink quality; and selecting a multimedia encoding rate to be used based on the bitrate adjustment instruction.

[0012] Optionally, the bitrate adjustment instruction includes: a bitrate reduction instruction; based on the bitrate adjustment instruction, selecting the multimedia encoding rate to be used includes: in response to the bitrate reduction instruction, reducing the multimedia encoding rate to a first encoding rate, wherein the number of times the multimedia encoding rate is adjusted is less than the first threshold.

[0013] Optionally, the bitrate adjustment instruction includes: a bitrate increase instruction; based on the bitrate adjustment instruction, selecting the multimedia encoding rate to be used includes: in response to the bitrate increase instruction, increasing the multimedia encoding rate to a second encoding rate, wherein the number of times the multimedia encoding rate is adjusted is greater than a second threshold.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, a bitrate adjustment device is also provided, comprising: a monitoring module for monitoring the uplink quality based on satellite transmission to obtain uplink status information; a prediction module for predicting the uplink quality change trend within a preset time range based on the uplink status information; and a sending module for sending a bitrate adjustment instruction to a terminal according to the uplink quality change trend, wherein the bitrate adjustment instruction is used to instruct the terminal to select the multimedia encoding rate to be used.

[0015] Optionally, the bitrate adjustment instruction includes a bitrate reduction instruction. The sending module is further configured to: in response to determining that the uplink quality meets a first preset condition within a preset time range based on the uplink quality change trend, send a bitrate reduction instruction to the terminal, wherein the bitrate reduction instruction is used to instruct the terminal to reduce the multimedia encoding rate, and the first preset condition is used to determine that the indicator corresponding to the uplink quality continues to deteriorate to exceed the first preset indicator threshold.

[0016] Optionally, the bitrate reduction instruction is used to instruct the terminal to reduce the multimedia encoding rate to a first encoding rate, wherein the number of times the multimedia encoding rate is adjusted is less than the first threshold.

[0017] Optionally, the bitrate adjustment instruction includes a bitrate increase instruction. The sending module is further configured to: in response to determining that the uplink quality meets a second preset condition within a preset time range based on the uplink quality change trend, send a bitrate increase instruction to the terminal, wherein the bitrate increase instruction is used to instruct the terminal to increase the multimedia encoding rate, and the second preset condition is used to determine that the index corresponding to the uplink quality continues to improve to exceed the second preset index threshold.

[0018] Optionally, the bitrate increase instruction is used to instruct the terminal to increase the multimedia encoding rate to a second encoding rate, wherein the number of times the multimedia encoding rate is adjusted is greater than the second threshold.

[0019] Optionally, the sending module is also used to: send a bit rate adjustment instruction to the terminal through indication information based on the uplink quality change trend.

[0020] According to another aspect of the present invention, another bitrate adjustment device is also provided, comprising: a receiving module, configured to receive a bitrate adjustment instruction sent by a network device, wherein the bitrate adjustment instruction is determined based on an uplink quality change trend within a preset time range, the uplink quality change trend is predicted based on uplink status information, and the uplink status information is obtained by monitoring the uplink quality; and a selection module, configured to select a multimedia encoding rate to be used based on the bitrate adjustment instruction.

[0021] Optionally, the bitrate adjustment instruction includes: a bitrate reduction instruction, and the selection module is further configured to: in response to the bitrate reduction instruction, reduce the multimedia encoding rate to a first encoding rate, wherein the number of times the multimedia encoding rate is adjusted is less than the first threshold.

[0022] Optionally, the bitrate adjustment instruction includes: a bitrate increase instruction, and the selection module is further configured to: in response to the bitrate increase instruction, increase the multimedia encoding rate to a second encoding rate, wherein the number of times the multimedia encoding rate is adjusted is greater than the second threshold.

[0023] According to another aspect of the present invention, a bitrate adjustment system is also provided, comprising at least a network device and a terminal, wherein the network device is used to execute the bitrate adjustment method in the embodiments of the present invention, and the terminal is used to execute another bitrate adjustment method in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] According to another aspect of the present invention, a network device is also provided, comprising: a memory storing an executable program; and a processor for running the program, wherein the program executes the bitrate adjustment method of the present invention during runtime.

[0025] According to another aspect of the present invention, a terminal device is also provided, comprising: a memory storing an executable program; and a processor for running the program, wherein the program executes another bitrate adjustment method according to the present invention during runtime.

[0026] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, the computer-readable storage medium including a stored executable program, wherein, when the executable program is running, it controls the device where the storage medium is located to execute the bitrate adjustment method of any one of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer program product is also provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the bitrate adjustment method in any one of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] According to another aspect of the present invention, a chip system is also provided, comprising: a processor for calling and running a computer program from a memory, such that a communication device equipped with the chip system performs the bit rate adjustment method according to any one of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] In this embodiment of the invention, uplink status information is obtained by monitoring the uplink quality based on satellite transmission. Then, the uplink quality change trend within a preset time range is predicted based on the uplink status information. Finally, according to the uplink quality change trend, a bitrate adjustment command is sent to the terminal, instructing the terminal to select the multimedia encoding rate to be used. This achieves the goal of maintaining stable and high-quality voice and video communication in a complex and ever-changing satellite environment, thereby improving the technical effect of voice and video transmission quality and solving the technical problem of unstable voice and video transmission quality caused by the high latency and high bit error rate characteristics of satellite links. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this invention, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a terminal voice bearer establishment process based on existing technology;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a bitrate adjustment method according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of another bitrate adjustment method according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a bitrate adjustment method according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of a bitrate adjustment device according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of another bitrate adjustment device according to one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0039] With the large-scale deployment of 5G networks, VoNR, as a native voice solution for NR networks, allows users to conduct voice services directly without falling back to LTE networks. Compared to traditional VoLTE, VoNR can utilize higher coding rates, significantly improving voice quality and user experience. However, the transmission characteristics of satellite-based 5G communication systems differ significantly from those of terrestrial networks. Satellite communication typically has greater transmission latency and a higher bit error rate. If the high-bit-rate VoNR strategy designed for terrestrial networks is directly applied, it can easily lead to errors and loss of voice / video data packets, causing service quality distortion. The significant transmission latency will amplify the impact of retransmission mechanisms, and in severe cases, even trigger connection timeouts, resulting in call interruptions.

[0040] Specifically, in the 5G network architecture, the establishment of voice services usually depends on the configuration of end-to-end bearers. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a terminal voice bearer establishment process based on existing technology, such as... Figure 1 As shown, after the terminal indicates bearer readiness to the core network via uplink Non-Access Stratum (NAS) signaling, the core network initiates a Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session establishment request. The base station then allocates dedicated bearer resources to the terminal via Radio Resource Control (RRC) reconfiguration messages. After the terminal completes the RRC reconfiguration and replies with confirmation, the base station notifies the core network to complete the session establishment. Subsequently, the terminal completes service signaling interaction via the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) on the default bearer QoS ClassIdentifier=5 (QCI=5).

[0041] Voice or video service data streams are ultimately transmitted on the corresponding dedicated bearers, where the bearer with 5G QoS Identifier=1 (5G QoS Identifier=1, 5QI=1) is used for voice services, and the bearer with 5QI=2 is used for video services.

[0042] Currently, terrestrial 5G VoNR commonly employs Enhanced Voice Services (EVS) codecs. EVS boasts excellent rate adaptation capabilities, supporting various bandwidth modes from narrowband (NB) to fullband (FB), with a bitrate range covering 5.9kbps to 128kbps. Compared to other coding methods (such as Adaptive Multi-Rate Wideband Speech Coding (AMR-WB)), EVS can achieve the same voice quality at a lower bitrate, effectively improving system capacity. Furthermore, to optimize air interface efficiency, VoNR typically integrates Robust Header Compression (RoHC) technology. By compressing the IP / UDP / RTP headers of voice data packets, RoHC reduces protocol overhead, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of effective voice data within limited bandwidth. However, in high-error-rate satellite channels, the context-dependent nature of RoHC makes it particularly vulnerable. Once the base frame carrying the compression context information is lost, all subsequent data packets that depend on that context will fail to be decompressed correctly, causing error propagation and thus drastically amplifying the degrading effect of a single random packet loss on voice quality.

[0043] Furthermore, for existing mobile phones directly connecting to satellites, existing commercial 5G smartphones were not designed with satellite channel conditions in mind, thus they cannot proactively perceive and adapt to harsh transmission environments. When initiating voice services, the terminal typically selects the highest bit rate from the network's coding specifications to pursue optimal sound quality, which undoubtedly places higher demands on channel conditions. With limited and unstable satellite link resources, this aggressive bit rate selection strategy further exacerbates the risk of transmission failure. To address these issues, base stations can intervene and perform intelligent adjustments. Faced with deteriorating channels, base stations can improve transmission reliability by reducing the Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) level and decreasing the number of Resource Blocks (RBs), but this leads to increased packet fragmentation and decreased transmission efficiency.

[0044] According to embodiments of the present invention, a method embodiment for bit rate adjustment is provided. The method embodiment provided in this invention can be executed in a terminal device (the terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a satellite terminal, a mobile terminal), or similar network device. Taking operation on a base station as an example, the base station may include one or more processors (processors may include, but are not limited to, processing devices such as microprocessors (MCUs) or field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.), a memory for storing data, and a transmission device for communication functions. Those skilled in the art will understand that the above structure is merely exemplary and does not limit the structure of the base station. For example, the base station may also include more or fewer components, or have different configurations.

[0045] The memory can be used to store computer programs, such as application software programs and modules, like the computer program corresponding to the bit rate adjustment method in this embodiment of the invention. The processor executes various functional applications and data processing by running the computer program stored in the memory, thereby implementing the above-described method. The memory may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some instances, the memory may further include memory remotely located relative to the processor, and these remote memories can be connected to a base station via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0046] The transmission equipment is used to receive or send data via a network. Specific examples of the network mentioned above may include a wireless network provided by the base station's communication provider, and inter-satellite links between other base stations and ground control stations. In one example, the transmission equipment includes a Network Interface Controller (NIC), which can connect to other network devices via the base station to communicate with the Internet.

[0047] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a bitrate adjustment method according to one embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0048] Step S21: Monitor the uplink quality based on satellite transmission to obtain uplink status information;

[0049] The aforementioned uplink status information refers to key parameters reflecting uplink transmission quality and performance, used to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness and reliability of data transmission between terminal devices and base stations in a satellite communication environment. Specifically, uplink status information includes, but is not limited to, bit error rate, transmission delay, link throughput, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), signal strength, link utilization, and packet loss rate.

[0050] Bit error rate (BER) is one of the most direct indicators for evaluating the quality of satellite links. BER refers to the ratio of the number of erroneous bits transmitted to the total number of bits transmitted within a certain time period. A higher BER means that data packets are more likely to be corrupted or lost during transmission, resulting in lower clarity and continuity of voice or video services. Specifically, BER is usually expressed as bit error rate (BER) or frame error rate (FER).

[0051] For example, in satellite communications, the receiving end (typically a ground station or satellite) can use a Forward Error Indicator (FEI) to report the uplink bit error rate. The FEI is an indication from the physical layer to the MAC layer that reports whether a transport block has been correctly decoded. The bit error rate can be estimated by analyzing the demodulated soft-decision information.

[0052] Transmission latency refers to the average time from when data is sent from a terminal to when it is received and processed by a base station or satellite, including but not limited to the propagation delay of signals in the air and the processing delay of terrestrial networks. High latency is an inherent characteristic of satellite links, significantly impacting services with high real-time requirements (such as voice and video calls).

[0053] For example, transmission delay can be indirectly assessed by measuring the time from sending a probe packet to receiving a response packet. In satellite communications, because signals need to travel long distances in space, the round-trip time (RTT) is typically much longer than that of terrestrial networks.

[0054] Link throughput refers to the amount of data that can be successfully transmitted per unit of time, reflecting the actual bandwidth capacity of the uplink. In satellite links, link throughput is affected by various factors such as atmospheric conditions, Doppler shift, and obstacles between the satellite and the ground. Real-time monitoring of link throughput can help dynamically adjust transmission strategies to ensure efficient data transmission.

[0055] SNR is used to assess the clarity and reliability of a link. A lower SNR indicates poorer signal quality, which may require a more conservative coding strategy. Specifically, the link quality can be reflected by monitoring the uplink SNR and analyzing the signal strength to noise ratio.

[0056] Signal strength, such as the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), is used to assess the quality of the physical link between the terminal device and the satellite.

[0057] Link utilization refers to the percentage of link capacity currently in use. In satellite communications, understanding link utilization helps in making reasonable allocations when resources are scarce, avoiding reduced transmission efficiency due to over-utilization.

[0058] Packet loss rate refers to the proportion of data packets that fail to be successfully decoded by the receiver within a specific time period.

[0059] Step S22: Predict the uplink quality change trend within a preset time range based on uplink status information;

[0060] The aforementioned preset time range refers to a sufficiently short time window to respond promptly to changes in uplink quality. Specifically, the preset time range can be between a few seconds and tens of seconds, and its length needs to be selected by considering both the dynamic characteristics of the satellite channel and the system's response speed to ensure the accuracy of prediction and the effectiveness of control.

[0061] For example, assuming the fluctuation period of the satellite link is about 10 seconds, the preset time range can be set to 5 to 20 seconds, so that sudden deterioration of the link can be detected quickly, and overreaction to temporary improvement can be avoided, ensuring the robust implementation of the bitrate adjustment strategy.

[0062] The aforementioned uplink quality change trend refers to the dynamic trend of uplink status information (such as bit error rate, SNR, packet loss rate, etc.) as time progresses within a preset time range, showing continuous improvement, deterioration, or stability.

[0063] For example, if the bit error rate shows a continuous upward trend within a preset period of 5 to 20 seconds, it can be determined that the uplink quality is deteriorating; conversely, if the bit error rate continues to decrease, it can be determined that the link quality is improving.

[0064] Step S23: Based on the uplink quality change trend, a bitrate adjustment instruction is sent to the terminal, wherein the bitrate adjustment instruction is used to instruct the terminal to select the multimedia encoding rate to be used.

[0065] The aforementioned multimedia encoding rate refers to the encoded data transmission rate used by the terminal during voice or video communication. The encoding rate determines the number of bits transmitted per second during the encoding process and is a key indicator affecting communication quality and transmission efficiency.

[0066] Specifically, in satellite communication scenarios, based on changes in uplink quality, the base station can send a code rate adjustment command to guide the terminal to dynamically select a voice / video coding rate that matches the current link capability in order to adapt to the current channel conditions.

[0067] Based on steps S21 to S23 above, uplink status information is obtained by monitoring the uplink quality based on satellite transmission. Then, the uplink quality change trend within a preset time range is predicted based on the uplink status information. Finally, according to the uplink quality change trend, a bit rate adjustment command is sent to the terminal, instructing the terminal to select the multimedia encoding rate to be used. This achieves the goal of maintaining stable and high-quality voice and video communication in a complex and ever-changing satellite environment, thereby improving the technical effect of voice and video transmission quality and solving the technical problem of unstable voice and video transmission quality caused by the high latency and high bit error rate characteristics of satellite links.

[0068] Optionally, the bitrate adjustment instruction includes: a bitrate reduction instruction. In step S23, based on the uplink quality change trend, the bitrate adjustment instruction sent to the terminal includes:

[0069] In response to determining that the uplink quality meets a first preset condition within a preset time range based on the uplink quality change trend, a bitrate reduction instruction is sent to the terminal. The bitrate reduction instruction is used to instruct the terminal to reduce the multimedia encoding rate, and the first preset condition is used to determine that the uplink quality indicator continues to deteriorate to exceed the first preset indicator threshold.

[0070] The aforementioned bitrate reduction instruction refers to a control command sent by the base station to the terminal. When the uplink quality is detected to be continuously deteriorating within a preset time range, and this deterioration exceeds a first preset threshold, the base station generates and sends this instruction to the terminal. Upon receiving the bitrate reduction instruction, the terminal will adjust its multimedia encoding rate accordingly, i.e., reduce the encoding rate of voice or video to adapt to the current link conditions, ensuring successful data packet transmission and thus guaranteeing call continuity and video stability. The purpose of the bitrate reduction instruction is to prioritize reliable signal transmission by sacrificing a certain degree of clarity or image quality, avoiding data packet loss due to poor link quality, thereby preventing voice or video distortion and interruptions, ensuring user experience continuity and communication robustness.

[0071] For example, the uplink quality indicator mentioned above could be the bit error rate (BER). When the base station monitors the uplink BER in real time and finds that its trend is continuously deteriorating, and the current BER has exceeded a first preset threshold, it indicates that the satellite channel transmission conditions have become extremely unstable. At this time, to ensure successful transmission of voice or video data and prevent service quality distortion and call interruptions, the base station can send a bitrate reduction instruction to the terminal, instructing the terminal to reduce its voice or video encoding rate. While this bitrate reduction strategy may sacrifice some voice or video clarity and quality, it can reduce the amount of data and improve the data packet transmission success rate when link conditions are poor, ensuring that basic call or video services can continue and avoiding service interruptions caused by link quality deterioration.

[0072] Based on the above optional embodiments, when the uplink quality indicator is detected to continuously deteriorate to the point of exceeding the first preset indicator threshold, a code rate reduction instruction is sent to the terminal. This ensures that the robustness of transmission is improved by reducing the multimedia encoding rate (such as the encoding rate of voice or video) under poor link conditions, thereby ensuring the continuity of calls or videos and avoiding quality degradation or even call interruption due to data packet errors or loss.

[0073] Optionally, the bitrate reduction instruction is used to instruct the terminal to reduce the multimedia encoding rate to a first encoding rate, wherein the number of times the multimedia encoding rate is adjusted is less than the first threshold.

[0074] The aforementioned first coding rate refers to the lowest or most secure coding rate that the terminal should adjust to.

[0075] For example, assuming the EVS codec uses a coding rate of 64kbps under normal conditions, when the bit error rate continues to deteriorate to exceed the first preset threshold, the first coding rate can be set to 12.2kbps or lower to ensure that calls can be made even under adverse conditions.

[0076] The aforementioned first threshold refers to the upper limit of the number of times a terminal adjusts its multimedia encoding rate after receiving a bitrate reduction instruction from the base station. Specifically, by setting the number of adjustments to the multimedia encoding rate to be less than the first threshold, the terminal can quickly reduce its multimedia encoding rate to a safe level sufficient to maintain call continuity, rather than adjusting it gradually and multiple times. This reduces the amount of data transmitted in the shortest possible time, increases the success rate of data packet transmission, and thus improves communication continuity.

[0077] For example, the first threshold can be 2. The number of times the multimedia encoding rate is adjusted is less than the first threshold. That is, after receiving the bitrate reduction instruction, the terminal can adjust its multimedia encoding rate only once, so that the multimedia encoding rate drops sharply to the safe bitrate, ensuring the continuity of voice / video communication.

[0078] Based on the above optional embodiments, by issuing a bit rate reduction command from the base station, the terminal is instructed to reduce the multimedia encoding rate to a safe first encoding rate level, and the number of encoding rate adjustments is controlled to remain below the first threshold. This enhances the robustness of voice and video service transmission under satellite links. The above strategy can rapidly reduce the encoding rate through a "sharp descent" method when link quality suddenly deteriorates or the bit error rate rises sharply. This instantly reduces data transmission volume, effectively reducing voice packet errors and video frame loss caused by link instability, thereby improving call continuity and video stream stability.

[0079] Optionally, the bitrate adjustment instruction includes: a bitrate increase instruction. In step S23, based on the uplink quality change trend, the bitrate adjustment instruction sent to the terminal includes:

[0080] In response to determining that the uplink quality meets the second preset condition within a preset time range based on the uplink quality change trend, a bitrate increase instruction is sent to the terminal. The bitrate increase instruction is used to instruct the terminal to increase the multimedia encoding rate, and the second preset condition is used to determine that the uplink quality indicator continues to improve to exceed the second preset indicator threshold.

[0081] The aforementioned bitrate increase command refers to another control command sent by the base station to the terminal. This command instructs the terminal to increase its multimedia encoding rate when it detects that the uplink quality is continuously improving within a preset time range and exceeds a second preset threshold. Specifically, when satellite channel conditions improve, the terminal can increase the encoding rate of voice or video according to the received bitrate increase command, thereby utilizing better link conditions to obtain better audio or video quality and improve the user experience.

[0082] For example, when the EVS codec operates at a lower encoding rate (e.g., 12.2kbps) to cope with link degradation, and as the satellite link quality improves and the bit error rate drops below a second preset threshold, the base station can send a bit rate increase command to instruct the terminal to gradually increase the encoding rate to a level more suitable for the current link conditions (e.g., 64kbps) in order to achieve higher audio and video clarity.

[0083] Based on the above optional embodiments, when the uplink quality indicators continue to improve to exceed the second preset indicator threshold, the base station can send a code rate increase instruction to guide the terminal to increase the coding rate, thereby improving the transmission quality of voice and video services and providing users with a clearer and smoother communication experience.

[0084] Optionally, the bitrate increase instruction is used to instruct the terminal to increase the multimedia encoding rate to a second encoding rate, wherein the number of times the multimedia encoding rate is adjusted is greater than the second threshold.

[0085] The aforementioned second coding rate refers to a higher or better coding rate that the terminal should adjust to. In satellite communication, when the link quality gradually improves from a poor state and stabilizes at a level better than the second preset threshold, the second coding rate can be set to a value higher than the current coding rate but not exceeding the actual carrying capacity of the link. This ensures that the quality of voice or video services is improved, while avoiding exceeding the stable transmission range of the link and causing unnecessary data retransmission or packet loss.

[0086] The aforementioned second threshold refers to the limit on the number of times a terminal adjusts its multimedia encoding rate according to a bitrate increase command when the link quality improves. Specifically, by setting a second threshold, the terminal's encoding rate can be gradually increased as the link quality improves, thereby preventing the terminal from increasing the encoding rate too quickly when satellite channel conditions have not fully recovered or are fluctuating, which could lead to reduced transmission efficiency or the recurrence of bit errors.

[0087] By setting a threshold for the number of times the multimedia encoding rate can be adjusted (greater than the second threshold), the instability that may result from excessively rapid increases in the encoding rate can be avoided while ensuring the quality of call or video services. For example, if the link quality improves but the bit error rate still fluctuates occasionally, limiting the number of times the multimedia encoding rate can be adjusted (greater than the second threshold) ensures that the terminal increases the encoding rate more smoothly. This helps the terminal better adapt to the actual channel conditions, avoiding "rollercoaster" encoding rate adjustments—that is, frequent increases in the encoding rate—and thus improving communication stability and user experience.

[0088] For example, the aforementioned second threshold can be three times, meaning that after receiving a bitrate increase instruction, the terminal needs to adjust the multimedia encoding rate at least four times. Specifically, after receiving the first bitrate increase instruction, the terminal can raise the encoding rate to a new level. Subsequently, if the link quality remains stable, the terminal can further increase the encoding rate under subsequent bitrate increase instructions until a second encoding rate is reached. Even if the channel quality fluctuates slightly during the improvement process, the above gradual increase strategy ensures that the terminal's encoding rate will not be adjusted too quickly to a level exceeding the actual carrying capacity of the link, thereby avoiding unnecessary data retransmissions and packet loss, and thus ensuring the stability and quality of call or video services.

[0089] Based on the above optional embodiments, by instructing the terminal to increase the multimedia encoding rate to the second encoding rate through the bitrate increase command, and setting the number of times the multimedia encoding rate is adjusted to be greater than the second threshold, the clarity of voice or video and user experience can be gradually improved as the satellite link quality is continuously improved, while avoiding link instability and quality fluctuations caused by excessively rapid bitrate increases.

[0090] Optionally, the second number threshold is greater than or equal to the first number threshold.

[0091] Specifically, by setting the number of adjustments to the multimedia encoding rate to be less than the first threshold, it ensures that in emergency situations (such as a sudden spike in the bit error rate), the terminal can quickly reduce the multimedia encoding rate to a safe bit rate, thus preventing call interruptions. Setting the number of adjustments to the multimedia encoding rate to be greater than the second threshold prevents instability caused by the terminal increasing the multimedia encoding rate too quickly when the link quality improves. Based on the second threshold, the terminal can gradually increase the multimedia encoding rate to a second encoding rate according to the bit rate increase command to adapt to actual changes in link quality and prevent excessive increases in the encoding rate due to temporary link improvements, which could lead to data retransmission or packet loss. Furthermore, by setting the second threshold to be greater than or equal to the first threshold, the terminal can quickly adapt to sudden link deterioration and cope with gradual link improvement in a satellite communication environment, thereby maintaining high-quality transmission of voice and video data during calls and improving end-user satisfaction.

[0092] For example, the threshold for the first count can be set to 2 and the threshold for the second count to 3, so that in an emergency, the terminal can cope with the link deterioration by only one large reduction in the coding rate, while when the link quality improves, there can be at least four opportunities to gradually increase the coding rate.

[0093] Based on the aforementioned "sharp drop and gradual increase" bitrate adjustment strategy, the terminal can not only quickly reduce the coding rate in emergency situations to cope with the decline in link quality, but also steadily increase the coding rate when link conditions permit, making full use of available bandwidth and reducing data packet loss and retransmissions. Thus, in satellite communication, it can achieve stable and efficient voice and video transmission, meeting users' needs for service continuity and high-quality transmission.

[0094] Optionally, in step S23, sending a rate adjustment instruction to the terminal based on the uplink quality change trend includes:

[0095] Based on the uplink quality change trend, a rate adjustment command is sent to the terminal via indication information.

[0096] The aforementioned indication information refers to control signals sent by the base station to the terminal, used to guide the terminal in adaptively adjusting the bit rate of voice and video services in a satellite transmission environment. Specifically, the aforementioned indication information includes, but is not limited to, Media Access Control Element (MAC CE), Downlink Control Information (DCI), RRC signaling, or System Information (SI). MAC CE is used to transmit aperiodic control information; DCI is mainly used for scheduling resource allocation, rate control, and channel quality feedback; RRC signaling is responsible for establishing, configuring, and reconfiguring radio bearers and managing the connection status between the network and the terminal; and SI is used to broadcast network configuration information, including but not limited to cell access parameters and system operation parameters.

[0097] For example, when the uplink quality indicator continues to deteriorate to the point of exceeding a first preset indicator threshold, the base station can send a code rate reduction command to the terminal via MAC CE, so that the terminal can achieve a sharp drop in the coding rate based on the code rate reduction command. Conversely, when the uplink quality indicator continues to improve to the point of exceeding a second preset indicator threshold, the base station can send a code rate increase command to the terminal via MAC CE, so that the terminal can achieve a gradual increase in the coding rate based on the code rate increase command.

[0098] Based on the above optional embodiments, according to the uplink quality change trend, a code rate adjustment instruction is sent to the terminal via indication information. This enables dynamic optimization of voice and video services in a satellite communication environment, ensuring a stable communication experience even when link quality fluctuates. When a link deterioration or an increase in the bit error rate is detected, the base station immediately sends an instruction to reduce the coding rate, which helps reduce data transmission volume, increase transmission robustness, prevent voice packet errors and loss, and thus avoid call quality degradation and interruption. Conversely, when the link is expected to improve or the bit error rate decreases, the base station can instruct the terminal to gradually increase the coding rate, thereby improving voice and video clarity and enhancing the user experience. Following the adjustment principle of "sharp decrease followed by gradual increase," the above method in this embodiment of the invention can effectively avoid frequent oscillations in code rate settings, ensuring a smooth transition in call quality and system performance.

[0099] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of another bitrate adjustment method according to one embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0100] Step S31: Receive a rate adjustment instruction sent by a network device. The rate adjustment instruction is determined based on the uplink quality change trend within a preset time range. The uplink quality change trend is predicted based on uplink status information. The uplink status information is obtained by monitoring the uplink quality.

[0101] Step S32: Select the multimedia encoding rate to be used based on the bitrate adjustment instruction.

[0102] The aforementioned network equipment refers to base stations that perform link quality monitoring, prediction, and the generation and transmission of rate adjustment commands. Specifically, base stations can dynamically monitor the uplink transmission quality of terminals in real time, collecting various uplink status information, including bit error rate. By analyzing and predicting the aforementioned uplink status information, base stations can predict the quality change trend of the uplink within a preset time range. Based on the prediction results, base stations can decide whether to send rate adjustment commands to terminals to adapt to the high latency and high bit error rate characteristics of satellite channels.

[0103] The aforementioned uplink status information refers to key parameters reflecting uplink transmission quality and performance, used to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness and reliability of data transmission between the terminal and the base station in a satellite communication environment. Specifically, uplink status information includes, but is not limited to, bit error rate (BER), transmission delay, link throughput, signal strength (SNR), link utilization, and packet loss rate. BER is one of the most direct indicators for evaluating satellite link quality. BER refers to the ratio of the number of erroneous bits during transmission to the total number of bits transmitted within a certain time period. A higher BER means that data packets are more likely to be damaged or lost during transmission, resulting in lower clarity and continuity of voice or video services. Specifically, BER is usually expressed in the form of BER or FER.

[0104] The aforementioned multimedia encoding rate refers to the encoded data transmission rate used by the terminal during voice or video communication. The encoding rate determines the number of bits transmitted per second during the encoding process and is a key indicator affecting communication quality and transmission efficiency.

[0105] Specifically, in satellite communication scenarios, the terminal can dynamically select a voice / video coding rate that matches the current link capability based on the received code rate adjustment command, in order to adapt to the current channel conditions.

[0106] Based on steps S31 to S32 above, by receiving the bitrate adjustment instruction sent by the network device, and then selecting the multimedia encoding rate to be used based on the bitrate adjustment instruction, the terminal can dynamically and intelligently adjust its multimedia encoding rate to adapt to constantly changing network conditions, thereby improving communication stability and communication quality.

[0107] Optionally, the bitrate adjustment instruction includes: a bitrate reduction instruction. In step S32, based on the bitrate adjustment instruction, selecting the multimedia encoding rate to be used includes:

[0108] In response to a bitrate reduction command, the multimedia encoding rate is reduced to a first encoding rate, wherein the number of times the multimedia encoding rate is adjusted is less than the first threshold.

[0109] The aforementioned bitrate reduction instruction refers to a control command sent by the base station to the terminal. When the uplink quality is detected to be continuously deteriorating within a preset time range, and this deterioration exceeds a first preset threshold, the base station generates and sends this instruction to the terminal. Upon receiving the bitrate reduction instruction, the terminal will adjust its multimedia encoding rate accordingly, i.e., reduce the encoding rate of voice or video to adapt to the current link conditions, ensuring successful data packet transmission and thus guaranteeing call continuity and video stability. The purpose of the bitrate reduction instruction is to prioritize reliable signal transmission by sacrificing a certain degree of clarity or image quality, avoiding data packet loss due to poor link quality, thereby preventing voice or video distortion and interruptions, ensuring user experience continuity and communication robustness.

[0110] The aforementioned first coding rate refers to the lowest or most secure coding rate that the terminal should adjust to.

[0111] The aforementioned first-time threshold refers to the upper limit of the number of times a terminal can adjust the multimedia encoding rate after receiving a bitrate reduction instruction. In cases of drastic fluctuations in link conditions, setting this first-time threshold allows the terminal to quickly adjust the multimedia encoding rate to a relatively safe level, thereby maintaining communication continuity.

[0112] For example, the first threshold can be 2. The number of times the multimedia encoding rate is adjusted is less than the first threshold. That is, after receiving the bitrate reduction instruction, the terminal can adjust its multimedia encoding rate only once, so that the multimedia encoding rate drops sharply to the safe bitrate. This helps to maintain the continuity of the call and the smoothness of the video, and prevents the fluctuation of voice or video quality caused by frequent adjustment of the encoding rate.

[0113] Based on the above optional embodiments, when a bitrate reduction instruction is received, the multimedia encoding rate is reduced to the first encoding rate, and the number of times the multimedia encoding rate is adjusted is less than the first threshold, which can reduce the size of the data packet and the transmission time, thereby reducing the risk of data packet loss due to channel instability.

[0114] Optionally, the bitrate adjustment instruction includes: a bitrate increase instruction. In step S32, based on the bitrate adjustment instruction, the selection of the multimedia encoding rate to be used includes:

[0115] In response to the bitrate increase command, the multimedia encoding rate is increased to a second encoding rate, wherein the number of times the multimedia encoding rate is adjusted is greater than the second threshold.

[0116] The aforementioned bitrate increase command refers to another control command sent by the base station to the terminal. This command instructs the terminal to increase its multimedia encoding rate when it detects that the uplink quality is continuously improving within a preset time range and exceeds a second preset threshold. Specifically, when satellite channel conditions improve, the terminal can increase the encoding rate of voice or video according to the received bitrate increase command, thereby utilizing better link conditions to obtain better audio or video quality and improve the user experience.

[0117] The aforementioned second coding rate refers to a higher or better coding rate that the terminal should adjust to. In satellite communication, when the link quality gradually improves from a poor state and stabilizes at a level better than the second preset threshold, the second coding rate can be set to a value higher than the current coding rate but not exceeding the actual carrying capacity of the link. This ensures that the quality of voice or video services is improved, while avoiding exceeding the stable transmission range of the link and causing unnecessary data retransmission or packet loss.

[0118] The aforementioned second threshold refers to the limit on the number of times a terminal adjusts its multimedia encoding rate according to a bitrate increase command when the link quality improves. Specifically, by setting a second threshold, the terminal's encoding rate can be gradually increased as the link quality improves, thereby preventing the terminal from increasing the encoding rate too quickly when satellite channel conditions have not fully recovered or are fluctuating, which could lead to reduced transmission efficiency or the recurrence of bit errors.

[0119] For example, when the base station detects that the uplink bit error rate is continuously decreasing and stabilizing below a second preset threshold, the base station can send a bit rate increase command to the terminal via MAC CE. After receiving the bit rate increase command, the terminal can gradually increase the current multimedia encoding rate to the second encoding rate.

[0120] Based on the above optional embodiments, when the terminal receives a code rate increase instruction from the base station, it can increase the multimedia encoding rate to a second encoding rate. When the number of times the multimedia encoding rate is adjusted exceeds a preset second threshold, it can ensure that after the satellite channel quality is stably improved, the clarity and smoothness of voice and video are gradually optimized, providing a more stable user experience.

[0121] Optionally, the second number threshold is greater than or equal to the first number threshold.

[0122] Specifically, the bit error rate of satellite communication links fluctuates significantly, easily leading to momentary improvements. However, these improvements are often unstable and can quickly reverse. If the multimedia encoding rate is aggressively increased during a brief period of improved link quality, subsequent deterioration of link quality can easily result in the loss or retransmission of voice and video data packets, reducing communication continuity and user experience. Therefore, a "sharp decrease followed by gradual increase" principle is adopted. The "gradual increase" is achieved by setting a second threshold greater than or equal to the first threshold, ensuring that the multimedia encoding rate is gradually increased only after the link quality has stabilized and improved, thus guaranteeing the continuity and stability of voice and video transmission.

[0123] For example, the first and second number thresholds can both be set to 2, so that in an emergency, the terminal can cope with the link deterioration by only one large reduction in the coding rate, while when the link quality improves, there can be at least three opportunities to gradually increase the coding rate.

[0124] Based on the aforementioned "sharp drop and gradual increase" bitrate adjustment strategy, the terminal can not only quickly reduce the coding rate in emergency situations to cope with the decline in link quality, but also steadily increase the coding rate when link conditions permit, making full use of available bandwidth and reducing data packet loss and retransmissions. Thus, in satellite communication, it can achieve stable and efficient voice and video transmission, meeting users' needs for service continuity and high-quality transmission.

[0125] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a bitrate adjustment method according to one embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, during communication transmission, the base station continuously monitors the uplink status and predicts the uplink quality change trend based on indicators such as the bit error rate (BER). When link deterioration or excessively high BER is predicted, the base station makes a decision to significantly reduce the bit rate and sends a bit rate reduction command to the terminal to adjust its encoding rate. Conversely, when link improvement is predicted or the BER stabilizes at a low level, the base station makes a decision to gradually increase the bit rate and sends a bit rate increase command to the terminal to adjust its encoding rate.

[0126] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods according to the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0127] This invention also provides a bitrate adjustment device for implementing the above embodiments and preferred embodiments; details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that performs a predetermined function. Although the device described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0128] Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of a bitrate adjustment device according to one embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the device includes:

[0129] The monitoring module 501 is used to monitor the uplink quality based on satellite transmission and obtain uplink status information;

[0130] The prediction module 502 is used to predict the trend of uplink quality changes within a preset time range based on uplink status information.

[0131] The sending module 503 is used to send a bitrate adjustment instruction to the terminal based on the uplink quality change trend. The bitrate adjustment instruction is used to instruct the terminal to select the multimedia encoding rate to be used.

[0132] Optionally, the bitrate adjustment instruction includes a bitrate reduction instruction. The sending module 503 is further configured to: in response to determining that the uplink quality meets a first preset condition within a preset time range based on the uplink quality change trend, send a bitrate reduction instruction to the terminal, wherein the bitrate reduction instruction is used to instruct the terminal to reduce the multimedia encoding rate, and the first preset condition is used to determine that the indicator corresponding to the uplink quality continues to deteriorate to exceed the first preset indicator threshold.

[0133] Optionally, the bitrate reduction instruction is used to instruct the terminal to reduce the multimedia encoding rate to a first encoding rate, wherein the number of times the multimedia encoding rate is adjusted is less than the first threshold.

[0134] Optionally, the bitrate adjustment instruction includes a bitrate increase instruction. The sending module 503 is further configured to: in response to determining that the uplink quality meets a second preset condition within a preset time range based on the uplink quality change trend, send a bitrate increase instruction to the terminal, wherein the bitrate increase instruction is used to instruct the terminal to increase the multimedia encoding rate, and the second preset condition is used to determine that the index corresponding to the uplink quality continues to improve to exceed the second preset index threshold.

[0135] Optionally, the bitrate increase instruction is used to instruct the terminal to increase the multimedia encoding rate to a second encoding rate, wherein the number of times the multimedia encoding rate is adjusted is greater than the second threshold.

[0136] Optionally, the sending module 503 is also used to: send a bit rate adjustment instruction to the terminal through indication information based on the uplink quality change trend.

[0137] Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of another bitrate adjustment device according to one embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the device includes:

[0138] The receiving module 601 is used to receive a rate adjustment instruction sent by a network device. The rate adjustment instruction is determined based on the uplink quality change trend within a preset time range. The uplink quality change trend is predicted based on uplink status information, which is obtained by monitoring the uplink quality.

[0139] Selection module 602 is used to select the multimedia encoding rate to be used based on the bitrate adjustment instruction.

[0140] Optionally, the bitrate adjustment instruction includes: a bitrate reduction instruction, and the selection module 602 is further configured to: in response to the bitrate reduction instruction, reduce the multimedia encoding rate to a first encoding rate, wherein the number of times the multimedia encoding rate is adjusted is less than the first threshold.

[0141] Optionally, the bitrate adjustment instruction includes: a bitrate increase instruction, and the selection module 602 is further configured to: in response to the bitrate increase instruction, increase the multimedia encoding rate to a second encoding rate, wherein the number of times the multimedia encoding rate is adjusted is greater than the second threshold.

[0142] It should be noted that the above modules can be implemented by software or hardware. For the latter, they can be implemented in the following ways, but are not limited to: all the above modules are located in the same processor; or, the above modules are located in different processors in any combination.

[0143] According to another aspect of the present invention, a bitrate adjustment system is also provided, comprising at least a network device and a terminal, wherein the network device is used to execute the bitrate adjustment method in the embodiments of the present invention, and the terminal is used to execute another bitrate adjustment method in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0144] According to another aspect of the present invention, a network device is also provided, comprising: a memory storing an executable program; and a processor for running the program, wherein the program executes the bitrate adjustment method of the present invention during runtime.

[0145] According to another aspect of the present invention, a terminal device is also provided, comprising: a memory storing an executable program; and a processor for running the program, wherein the program executes another bitrate adjustment method according to the present invention during runtime.

[0146] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, the computer-readable storage medium including a stored executable program, wherein, when the executable program is running, it controls the device where the storage medium is located to execute the bitrate adjustment method of any one of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0147] Optionally, in this embodiment, the storage medium may be configured to store a computer program for performing the following steps:

[0148] Step S21: Monitor the uplink quality based on satellite transmission to obtain uplink status information;

[0149] Step S22: Predict the uplink quality change trend within a preset time range based on uplink status information;

[0150] Step S23: Based on the uplink quality change trend, a bitrate adjustment instruction is sent to the terminal, wherein the bitrate adjustment instruction is used to instruct the terminal to select the multimedia encoding rate to be used.

[0151] Optionally, in this embodiment, the storage medium may include, but is not limited to, various media capable of storing computer programs, such as USB flash drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0152] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer program product is also provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the bitrate adjustment method in any one of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0153] Optionally, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned computer program product can be configured as a computer program that performs the following steps:

[0154] Step S21: Monitor the uplink quality based on satellite transmission to obtain uplink status information;

[0155] Step S22: Predict the uplink quality change trend within a preset time range based on uplink status information;

[0156] Step S23: Based on the uplink quality change trend, a bitrate adjustment instruction is sent to the terminal, wherein the bitrate adjustment instruction is used to instruct the terminal to select the multimedia encoding rate to be used.

[0157] According to another aspect of the present invention, a chip system is also provided, comprising: a processor for calling and running a computer program from a memory, such that a communication device equipped with the chip system performs the bit rate adjustment method according to any one of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0158] Optionally, in this embodiment, the processor can be configured to perform the following steps via a computer program:

[0159] Step S21: Monitor the uplink quality based on satellite transmission to obtain uplink status information;

[0160] Step S22: Predict the uplink quality change trend within a preset time range based on uplink status information;

[0161] Step S23: Based on the uplink quality change trend, a bitrate adjustment instruction is sent to the terminal, wherein the bitrate adjustment instruction is used to instruct the terminal to select the multimedia encoding rate to be used.

[0162] The sequence numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0163] In the above embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0164] In the several embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for example, the division of units can be a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the displayed or discussed mutual coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection can be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection of units or modules can be electrical or other forms.

[0165] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0166] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0167] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0168] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bitrate adjustment method, characterized in that, include: Uplink quality based on satellite transmission is monitored to obtain uplink status information; Based on the uplink status information, predict the trend of uplink quality changes within a preset time range; Based on the uplink quality change trend, a bitrate adjustment instruction is sent to the terminal, wherein the bitrate adjustment instruction is used to instruct the terminal to select the multimedia encoding rate to be used.

2. The bitrate adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bitrate adjustment instruction includes: a bitrate reduction instruction, which, based on the uplink quality change trend, is sent to the terminal. In response to determining that the uplink quality meets a first preset condition within a preset time range based on the uplink quality change trend, the bitrate reduction instruction is sent to the terminal, wherein the bitrate reduction instruction is used to instruct the terminal to reduce the multimedia encoding rate, and the first preset condition is used to determine that the indicator corresponding to the uplink quality continues to deteriorate to exceed the first preset indicator threshold.

3. The bitrate adjustment method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bitrate reduction instruction is used to instruct the terminal to reduce the multimedia encoding rate to a first encoding rate, wherein the number of times the multimedia encoding rate is adjusted is less than the first threshold.

4. The bitrate adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bitrate adjustment command includes: a bitrate increase command, which, based on the uplink quality change trend, is sent to the terminal. In response to determining that the uplink quality meets a second preset condition within a preset time range based on the uplink quality change trend, the bitrate increase instruction is sent to the terminal, wherein the bitrate increase instruction is used to instruct the terminal to increase the multimedia encoding rate, and the second preset condition is used to determine that the indicator corresponding to the uplink quality continues to improve to exceed the second preset indicator threshold.

5. The bitrate adjustment method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bitrate increase instruction is used to instruct the terminal to increase the multimedia encoding rate to a second encoding rate, wherein the number of times the multimedia encoding rate is adjusted is greater than the second threshold.

6. The bitrate adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the uplink quality change trend, sending the bitrate adjustment command to the terminal includes: Based on the uplink quality change trend, the bit rate adjustment command is sent to the terminal via indication information.

7. A bitrate adjustment method, characterized in that, include: The network device receives a rate adjustment instruction, wherein the rate adjustment instruction is determined based on the uplink quality change trend within a preset time range, the uplink quality change trend is predicted based on uplink status information, and the uplink status information is obtained by monitoring the uplink quality. Based on the bitrate adjustment instruction, select the multimedia encoding rate to be used.

8. The bitrate adjustment method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bitrate adjustment instruction includes: a bitrate reduction instruction; and based on the bitrate adjustment instruction, selecting the multimedia encoding rate to be used includes: In response to the bitrate reduction instruction, the multimedia encoding rate is reduced to a first encoding rate, wherein the number of times the multimedia encoding rate is adjusted is less than the first threshold.

9. The bitrate adjustment method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bitrate adjustment instruction includes: a bitrate increase instruction; and based on the bitrate adjustment instruction, selecting the multimedia encoding rate to be used includes: In response to the bitrate increase command, the multimedia encoding rate is increased to a second encoding rate, wherein the number of times the multimedia encoding rate is adjusted is greater than the second threshold.

10. A bitrate adjustment system, characterized in that, At least including: A network device and a terminal, wherein the network device is configured to perform the bitrate adjustment method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the terminal is configured to perform the bitrate adjustment method according to any one of claims 7 to 9.

11. A network device, characterized in that, include: Memory, which stores executable programs; A processor for running the program, wherein the program, when running, performs the bitrate adjustment method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

12. A terminal device, characterized in that, include: Memory, which stores executable programs; A processor for running the program, wherein the program, when running, performs the bitrate adjustment method according to any one of claims 7 to 9.

13. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored executable program, wherein, when the executable program is executed, it controls the device on which the storage medium is located to perform the bitrate adjustment method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

14. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the bitrate adjustment method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

15. A chip system, characterized in that, include: A processor for retrieving and running a computer program from memory, causing a communication device equipped with the chip system to perform the rate adjustment method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images