Lifting device
By using a one-way clutch as a backstop mechanism in the hoist, the problems of ratchet-pawl mechanism failure and noise were solved, and a low-noise, high-reliability hoist design was achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-27
AI Technical Summary
The existing ratchet-pawl mechanism of the hoist is prone to failure, and it is noisy and unevenly worn when running at high speed, which affects the reliability of the equipment.
A one-way clutch is used as the backstop mechanism to provide smooth rotation and limit reverse rotation, reduce noise levels, and reduce component stress and wear by uniformly transmitting torque.
Reduce noise during high-speed operation, decrease wear and failure probability of individual components, and improve equipment reliability and uniform wear.
Smart Images
Figure CN121735148A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to lifting equipment including a hoist, and particularly, but not exclusively, to a hoist for use on the seabed and at sea. Background Technology
[0002] A hoist is a mechanical device operable to lift objects. Hoists include a braking mechanism. During operation, the braking mechanism prevents the lifted object from slipping or falling, and holds the object when lifting or lowering is terminated or paused. Therefore, the braking mechanism is crucial for the safety of the hoist, especially considering that hoists are typically used to lift heavy objects.
[0003] The braking mechanism of a hoist typically includes a backstop mechanism. The purpose of the backstop mechanism is to ensure that the hoist's load chain or rope moves only in the lifting direction when carrying an object. A ratchet is commonly used as the backstop mechanism in a hoist's braking system. A ratchet is a mechanical device operable to allow continuous movement in one direction while prohibiting movement in a second direction.
[0004] Typically, the type of ratchet used in hoists is a ratchet-pawl mechanism. The simplest type of ratchet-pawl mechanism consists of a ratchet with a series of asymmetrical teeth and a pivotable pawl biased to engage with the asymmetrical teeth. A spring mechanism is attached to the pawl to maintain contact between the pawl and the ratchet surface. When the ratchet rotates in the permitted direction, the pawl moves over the gentle slope of the teeth, causing disengagement between the pawl and the asymmetrical teeth. This allows continuous movement of the ratchet, and therefore continuous movement of the hoist in this direction. When the ratchet rotates in the opposite direction, the pawl engages with the steep slope of the teeth, preventing any further rotation of the ratchet in this direction.
[0005] It is also known that the hoist includes a double pawl-ratchet mechanism. The double pawl mechanism includes two pivotable pawls rotatably mounted on pawl supports. Each pawl is offset relative to an asymmetrical tooth, such that one pawl is always in an engaged position with the tooth. Each pawl operates independently and in the same manner as the pawls described above in the single pawl-ratchet mechanism.
[0006] Furthermore, a known hoist includes a double pawl-ratchet mechanism. The double pawl comprises two pivotable pawl arms mounted to the same pawl support. Each pawl arm is operable to engage with an asymmetrical tooth of the ratchet. The two pawl arms are offset relative to the teeth of the ratchet. When one end of one pawl arm engages with the asymmetrical tooth, one end of the second pawl arm disengages from the asymmetrical tooth. Springs are connected to the two pawl arms, causing the pawl arms to bias towards each other, thus maintaining contact between the arms and the ratchet surface.
[0007] Furthermore, it is known that the hoist includes a four-pawl-ratchet mechanism. The four-pawl mechanism includes two double-pawl devices as described above.
[0008] While these are effective mechanisms, they comprise many components, making them prone to failure. Improvements in the reliability of pawl-ratchet mechanisms rely on the addition of further pawls and other components, which are susceptible to similar failures. Furthermore, the multiple pawls or pawl arms that come into contact with the ratchet surface generate considerable noise, especially at higher speeds.
[0009] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a hoist that at least partially overcomes or alleviates the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention
[0010] According to a first aspect of the invention, a hoist is provided, the hoist including a backstop mechanism, wherein the backstop mechanism includes a one-way clutch.
[0011] In this invention, a one-way clutch provides smooth rotation in one direction, resulting in limited friction, but restricts rotation in the opposite direction. This has the benefit of enabling the hoist to operate at high speeds while generating reduced noise levels. Furthermore, the one-way clutch provides uniform torque transmission throughout the entire device in the restricted direction, which has the benefit of reducing the stress and strain experienced by individual components. This results in more uniform wear throughout the device, which helps reduce wear on individual components. Additionally, the one-way clutch comprises fewer components, thus having the benefit of being less prone to failure.
[0012] A one-way clutch can be configured to restrict rotation in a limiting direction. A one-way clutch can also be configured to allow rotation in a permissible direction. In some embodiments, the one-way clutch can be configured to switch between an active state and a deactivated state. In the active state, the one-way clutch can be configured to allow rotation in the permissible direction but restrict rotation in the limiting direction. In the deactivated state, the one-way clutch can be configured to allow rotation in both directions. Switching between the active and deactivated states can be achieved by actuation of a clutch control member. The clutch control member may include a button, lever, rod, handle, etc.
[0013] In some embodiments, the one-way clutch may be a mechanical one-way clutch. In some such embodiments, the mechanical one-way clutch may be a friction one-way clutch.
[0014] In some embodiments, a one-way clutch may include an inner ring and / or an outer ring. In such embodiments, a one-way clutch may include a plurality of engagement elements. The plurality of engagement elements may be disposed between an inner surface of the outer ring and an outer surface of the inner ring.
[0015] In such an embodiment, multiple engagement elements can move between a clamped position and a released position.
[0016] In the clamped position, multiple engagement elements can engage with the inner surface of the outer ring, and / or multiple engagement elements can engage with the outer surface of the inner ring. Therefore, the engagement elements are operable to transmit torque to the corresponding ring, thereby limiting the rotation of the one-way clutch.
[0017] In the released position, multiple engagement elements can disengage from the inner surface of the outer ring and / or from the outer surface of the inner ring. Therefore, the engagement elements may be unable to transmit torque to the corresponding rings, thereby allowing rotation of the one-way clutch. In some such embodiments, rotation of the one-way clutch in the limiting direction can move the multiple engagement elements toward the clamping position. This thereby limits rotation of the one-way clutch in the limiting direction.
[0018] In some such embodiments, rotation of the one-way clutch in the limiting direction can result in no relative movement between the inner and outer rings. In other embodiments, rotation of the one-way clutch in the limiting direction can result in the inner ring not rotating. In a further embodiment, rotation of the one-way clutch in the limiting direction can result in the outer ring not rotating.
[0019] In some such embodiments, rotation of the one-way clutch in the permissible direction can move multiple engagement elements toward the disengaged position. This thereby allows rotation of the one-way clutch in the permissible direction.
[0020] In some embodiments, rotation of the one-way clutch in the permitted direction can cause rotation of the inner ring. In other embodiments, rotation of the one-way clutch in the permitted direction can cause rotation of the outer ring and / or the inner ring. In a further such embodiment, rotation of the one-way clutch in the permitted direction can cause the inner and outer rings to rotate at the same rate. In an alternative such embodiment, rotation of the one-way clutch in the permitted direction can cause the inner and outer rings to rotate at different rates. In a further embodiment, rotation of the one-way clutch in the permitted direction can allow the inner ring to rotate while the outer ring remains stationary, or allow the outer ring to rotate while the inner ring remains stationary.
[0021] A one-way clutch may include a biasing system. In some embodiments, the biasing system may be configured to return a plurality of engagement elements to a clamped position. In some embodiments, the biasing system may include a meander spring system. In such an embodiment, each of the plurality of engagement elements may include a meander spring. In another such embodiment, the biasing system may include a separate spring system. The separate spring system may include a single helical spring configured to act simultaneously on each of the plurality of engagement elements.
[0022] The diameter of the outer ring can be larger than the diameter of the inner ring. In some embodiments, the inner ring may include a central aperture. In some embodiments, the outer ring may include a central aperture. The diameter of the central aperture of the outer ring can be larger than the diameter of the inner ring. The diameter of the central aperture of the outer ring can be large enough that the outer ring can surround the inner ring. The outer ring can surround the inner ring such that the inner and outer rings are coaxial. The inner surface of the outer ring may not contact the outer surface of the inner ring, allowing a gap to exist between the inner surface of the outer ring and the outer surface of the inner ring.
[0023] In some embodiments, the friction one-way clutch may be a sprag clutch. In some such embodiments, the inner surface of the outer ring may be a smooth surface, and / or the outer surface of the inner ring may be a smooth surface. In such embodiments, the plurality of engagement elements may be a plurality of wedges. A wedge may include a top surface. A wedge may include a bottom surface. The top surface and / or the bottom surface may include an engagement region. In some embodiments, the engagement region may be curved. In some such embodiments, the engagement region may be convex. The height of each of the plurality of wedges may be defined as the length from the farthest point of the top engagement region to the farthest point of the bottom engagement region. The height of each of the plurality of wedges may be greater than the height of the gap between the inner surface of the outer ring and the outer surface of the inner ring.
[0024] In one such embodiment, rotation in the limiting direction can pivot the plurality of wedges toward the clamping position. In a preferred embodiment, in the clamping position, the top engagement region of the wedge can contact the inner surface of the outer ring. In another such embodiment, in the clamping position, the bottom engagement region of the wedge can contact the outer surface of the inner ring. In yet another such embodiment, the contact between the top engagement region and the inner surface of the outer ring allows for elastic deformation of the inner surface of the outer ring. This contact can cause torque to be transmitted from the plurality of wedges to the outer ring. In yet another such embodiment, the contact between the bottom engagement region and the outer surface of the inner ring allows for elastic deformation of the outer surface of the inner ring. This contact can also cause torque to be transmitted from the plurality of wedges to the inner ring.
[0025] In one such embodiment, rotation in the permitted direction allows the plurality of wedges to pivot toward the released position. In this embodiment, in the released position, the engagement area of the top surfaces of the plurality of wedges may not contact the inner surface of the outer ring. In this embodiment, in the released position, the engagement area of the bottom surfaces of the plurality of wedges may not contact the outer surface of the inner ring. In this embodiment, the top surface may contact the inner surface of the outer ring outside the engagement area. In this embodiment, the bottom surface may contact the outer surface of the inner ring outside the engagement area.
[0026] In some such embodiments, multiple wedges may be disposed within a wedge retainer. The wedge retainer may be configured to hold the multiple wedges in position relative to each other. This ensures proper spacing and alignment of the wedges, thereby allowing for uniform torque transmission throughout the one-way clutch.
[0027] In such embodiments, the biasing system can be configured to maintain continuous contact between the top surfaces of the plurality of wedges and the inner surface of the outer ring. In some such embodiments, the biasing system can be configured to maintain continuous contact between the bottom surfaces of the plurality of wedges and the outer surface of the inner ring.
[0028] In embodiments where the biasing system includes a serpentine spring system, a serpentine spring for each of a plurality of wedges may be positioned between the wedge and the wedge retainer.
[0029] In embodiments where the biasing system includes a single helical spring, the helical spring may surround the outer side of a plurality of wedges. Therefore, the helical spring may engage with a recess in the top surface of each of the plurality of wedges. Thus, the helical spring can act on each of the plurality of wedges simultaneously.
[0030] The use of a wedge clutch offers the advantage of utilizing the smooth outer surface of the inner ring and the smooth inner surface of the outer ring. The smooth surface is simple, thus requiring less complex manufacturing techniques. The smooth surface allows multiple wedges to engage with any portion of the outer surface of the inner ring and the inner surface of the outer ring. Therefore, less rotation in the limiting direction is required before the multiple wedges engage and prevent further rotation. This is advantageous because if a fault causes the lifting mechanism to fail, it minimizes the downward movement of the load before the movement stops. Furthermore, the smooth surface allows the wedge clutch to occupy less space. Moreover, since multiple wedges can engage with any portion of the outer surface of the inner ring and the inner surface of the outer ring, more wedges can be used in a given size of one-way clutch. Including more wedges is beneficial because more elements transmit torque in the limiting direction, thereby increasing the torque capacity of the one-way clutch.
[0031] In other embodiments, the friction-type one-way clutch may be a roller clutch. In some such embodiments, the inner surface of the outer ring may include a ramp, and / or the outer surface of the inner ring may include a ramp.
[0032] In some such embodiments, the multiple engagement elements may include multiple rollers. The multiple rollers may be cylindrical.
[0033] In embodiments where the biasing system includes a serpentine spring system, the serpentine spring for each of the plurality of rollers can be positioned between the roller and the outer surface of the inner ring.
[0034] The hoist may include a braking mechanism. In some embodiments, the braking mechanism may be configured to switch between an active state and a deactivated state. In the active state, the braking mechanism may be configured to allow rotation in a permitted direction but restrict rotation in a restricted direction. In the deactivated state, the braking mechanism may be configured to allow rotation in both directions. The switching between the active and deactivated states may be achieved by actuation of a braking control member. The braking control member may include a button, lever, rod, handle, etc.
[0035] In some embodiments, the one-way clutch may be integrated within the braking mechanism. In some such embodiments, the one-way clutch may be active if the braking mechanism is active. In some such embodiments, the one-way clutch may be deactivated if the braking mechanism is deactivated. In such embodiments, the clutch control component may be integrated with the brake control component.
[0036] The braking mechanism can be deactivated during descent. The braking mechanism can be deactivated when preparing to descent.
[0037] The braking mechanism can be activated during lifting. The braking mechanism can be activated when preparing for lifting.
[0038] Alternatively or additionally, the braking mechanism can be configured to activate automatically. The braking mechanism can activate automatically if lowering stops. The braking mechanism can activate automatically if lowering pauses. The braking mechanism can activate automatically if lifting begins.
[0039] In some embodiments, the braking mechanism may be a mechanically loaded braking system. Examples of suitable braking mechanisms include, but are not limited to, Weston-type braking systems. In some embodiments, the braking mechanism may include at least one brake disc. The at least one brake disc may include an inner brake disc and / or an outer brake disc. In such embodiments, the braking mechanism may include at least one disc hub. The at least one disc hub may include an inner disc hub, a center disc hub, and / or an outer disc hub. One or more of the at least one disc hub may include a hub flange. The at least one brake disc may be mounted to the hub flange of the at least one disc hub. The at least one brake disc may include a center bore. The at least one disc hub may include a center bore. A one-way clutch may be positioned between the center disc hub and the outer disc hub. In some such embodiments, the one-way clutch may be positioned between the inner brake disc and the outer brake disc.
[0040] In some such embodiments, the braking mechanism may include a brake screw. In some such embodiments, the brake screw may be implemented as a disc hub. In a particular embodiment, the brake screw may be implemented as an inner disc hub. The braking mechanism may include a brake nut. The braking mechanism may include a screw handle. The brake screw and brake nut may be configured to press at least one brake disc against at least one disc hub. The brake screw and brake nut may be configured to release at least one brake disc from at least one disc hub.
[0041] In such embodiments, to configure the braking mechanism in a deactivated state, the brake screw can be loosened from the brake nut. If the brake screw is loosened from the brake nut, an air gap can be created between at least one brake disc and at least one disc hub. This air gap can disengage at least one brake disc from at least one disc hub. In some such embodiments, the braking mechanism can be deactivated in response to user actuation of the screw handle.
[0042] In such embodiments, to configure the braking mechanism in the active state, the brake screw and brake nut can be tightened. If the brake screw and brake nut are tightened, the air gap can be closed between at least one brake disc and at least one disc hub. Closing the air gap allows at least one brake disc to engage with at least one disc hub. In some such embodiments, the braking mechanism can be activated in response to user actuation of the screw handle.
[0043] In other such embodiments, the braking mechanism can be automatically activated by the weight of the load. The weight of the load can generate a rotational force that tightens the screw into the nut. Tightening the screw into the nut engages at least one brake disc with at least one disc hub.
[0044] The hoist may include the braking mechanism described above. The hoist may further include a pinion shaft. The hoist may further include a rotatable handwheel. The hoist may further include a gear system. The hoist may further include a load wheel. The hoist may further include a top hook.
[0045] The hoist may include a housing. The housing provides protection for the hoist's components. The housing may provide means for mounting the hoist's components. The housing may include a gear system cover. The housing may include a gear system plate. The housing may include a load wheel plate. The housing may include a brake mechanism cover. The housing may include a handwheel cover. The gear system cover, gear system plate, load wheel plate, brake mechanism cover, and / or handwheel cover may include a central opening.
[0046] In some embodiments, a one-way clutch may be disposed within a clutch pulley. The clutch pulley may be mounted to a load wheel plate. The outer surface of the outer ring may include a recess. The outer ring recess may be configured to receive a locking portion. The clutch pulley may include a recess. The clutch pulley recess may be configured to receive a locking portion. The locking portion secures the outer ring of the one-way clutch to the clutch pulley.
[0047] The pinion shaft can be configured to rotate in the lifting direction. The pinion shaft can also be configured to rotate in the lowering direction.
[0048] In some embodiments, a one-way clutch may be mounted to a pinion shaft. The pinion shaft may pass through a center bore in the one-way clutch. In some embodiments, if the one-way clutch is a wedge-type clutch, the pinion shaft may pass through a center bore of the inner ring. In such an embodiment, the inner ring of the wedge-type clutch may include a recess. The inner ring recess may be configured to receive a locking portion. The pinion shaft may include a recess. The pinion shaft recess may be configured to receive a locking portion. The locking portion secures the inner ring of the wedge-type clutch to the pinion shaft. The inner ring may rotate in the same direction as the pinion shaft. The inner ring may rotate at the same rate as the pinion shaft.
[0049] The braking mechanism can be mounted to the load wheel plate. In a suitable embodiment, the pinion shaft can pass through the center bore of at least one brake disc. In a suitable embodiment, the pinion shaft can pass through the center bore of at least one disc hub.
[0050] The gear system may include at least one gear. One or more of the at least one gear may be mounted to a pinion shaft. One or more of the at least one gear may be mounted to a counterspindle shaft. One or more of the at least one gear may be mounted to a load shaft. One or more of the at least one gear may be mounted to a load wheel. One or more of the at least one gear may be mounted to a gear system plate. The gear system may be configured to rotate in response to rotation of the pinion shaft.
[0051] The rotatable handwheel can be configured to rotate in response to user actuation. The rotatable handwheel can be housed within the housing of the hoist. The rotatable handwheel may include a central bore. The rotatable handwheel can be mounted to a pinion shaft such that the pinion shaft passes through the central bore of the rotatable handwheel. The pinion shaft can rotate in response to rotation of the rotatable handwheel.
[0052] In some embodiments, the hoist may include a bracelet. The bracelet may be a loop chain. The bracelet can provide a means for a user to operate the hoist. The user can operate the hoist by pulling the bracelet. The bracelet may be wrapped around a rotatable handwheel. In such embodiments, the rotatable handwheel may be configured to rotate in response to actuation of the bracelet by the user. The rotatable handwheel may be configured to ensure that the bracelet passes smoothly through the housing of the hoist to prevent tangling and jamming. In some such embodiments, the rotatable handwheel may be a handwheel sprocket. The handwheel sprocket may include teeth. The teeth of the handwheel sprocket may engage within links of the bracelet. In other such embodiments, the bracelet sprocket may include slots. The slots may be configured such that links of the bracelet engage within the slots.
[0053] In other embodiments, the hoist may include a hand rope. The hand rope can provide a means for a user to operate the hoist. In such embodiments, a rotatable handwheel can rotate in response to actuation of the hand rope by the user. In further embodiments, the hoist may include a handle. The handle can provide a means for a user to operate the hoist. In such embodiments, a rotatable handwheel can rotate in response to actuation of the handle by the user.
[0054] The load wheel can be configured to rotate in response to the rotation of the gear system. The load wheel can be housed within the hoist housing. The load wheel may include a central bore. The load wheel can be mounted to a load shaft. The load wheel can be mounted to a gear system plate. The load wheel can be mounted to a load wheel plate.
[0055] In some embodiments, the hoist may include a load chain. The load chain may provide means for the hoist to raise and / or lower the load. The load chain may be wound around a load wheel. In some such embodiments, the load chain may include a load hook. The load hook may be configured to connect the load chain to a load. In other embodiments, the hoist may include a load rope.
[0056] The load wheel can be configured to ensure the load chain passes smoothly through the hoist housing to prevent tangling and jamming. In a preferred embodiment, the load wheel can be a load wheel sprocket. In some embodiments, the load wheel sprocket can include teeth. The teeth of the load wheel sprocket can engage within links of the load chain. In other embodiments, the load wheel sprocket can include slots. The slots can be configured such that links of the load chain engage within the slots.
[0057] The top hook can be mounted to the hoist housing. More specifically, the top hook can be mounted to the gear system plate and / or load wheel plate. The top hook can be configured to allow the hoist to be attached to a support structure. Attached Figure Description
[0058] To provide a clearer understanding of the invention, one or more embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0059] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of a wedge-type clutch.
[0060] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of a wedge clutch including the wedge retainer.
[0061] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a serpentine spring system used in a wedge clutch.
[0062] Figure 4a This is a schematic diagram of a single helical spring system used in a wedge clutch. Figure 4b This is a schematic side view of a wedge-type clutch that includes a single helical spring system.
[0063] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram depicting the movement of the wedge within a wedge-type clutch.
[0064] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of a roller clutch.
[0065] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded view of the hoist.
[0066] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of the hoist.
[0067] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a 3D view of the hoist. Detailed Implementation
[0068] This invention relates to a hoist 300 ( Figures 7 to 9 (As shown in the example), the hoist 300 includes a one-way clutch configured as a backstop mechanism within the hoist 300.
[0069] Reference Figure 1A cross-sectional view is provided for one embodiment of a one-way clutch suitable for use with the present invention. In this particular embodiment, the one-way clutch is a wedge clutch 100. The wedge clutch 100 includes an outer ring 102 and an inner ring 108. The outer ring 102 includes an inner surface 104 and an outer surface 106. The inner ring 108 also includes an inner surface 110 and an outer surface 112. The outer ring 102 surrounds the inner ring 108 such that the outer ring 102 and the inner ring 108 are coaxial and a gap is formed between the inner surface 104 of the outer ring 102 and the outer surface 112 of the inner ring 108. The outer ring 102 includes a recess 114. The outer ring recess 114 is configured to receive a locking portion 358 in use to secure the wedge clutch 100 to a clutch pulley 310 having a corresponding recess 366 (e.g., Figure 7 (As shown). This prevents relative rotation between the outer ring 102 and the clutch pulley 310. Since the clutch pulley 310 is stationary, the outer ring 102 of the wedge clutch 100 remains stationary. The inner ring 108 includes a center bore 116. The pinion shaft 328 passes through the center bore 116 of the wedge clutch 100 (as shown). Figure 8 (As shown). The inner ring 108 also includes a recess 118. The inner ring recess 118 is configured to receive a locking portion 358 in use so as to secure the inner ring 108 to a pinion shaft 328 having a corresponding pinion shaft recess 360 (as shown). Figure 7 (As shown). The locking portion 358 ensures that there is no relative movement between the pinion shaft 328 and the inner ring 108. Therefore, the rotation of the pinion shaft 328 drives the rotation of the inner ring 108. Thus, the inner ring 108 is configured to rotate in the same direction as the pinion shaft 328.
[0070] The wedge clutch 100 is configured to restrict rotation in one direction (restricted direction) and allow rotation in the opposite direction (allowed direction). In this case, the wedge clutch 100 is configured to both allow and restrict rotation of the pinion shaft 328. The wedge clutch 100 is configured to switch between an active state and a deactivated state. In the active state, the wedge clutch 100 is configured to allow rotation in the allowed direction but restrict rotation in the restricted direction. In the deactivated state, the wedge clutch 100 is configured to allow rotation in both directions. Due to the inner ring recess 118, the pinion shaft recess 360, and the locking portion 358, rotation of the pinion shaft 328 causes the inner ring 108 to rotate at the same rate in the same direction.
[0071] The wedge-type clutch 100 further includes a plurality of wedges 120. For example... Figure 3As shown, each of the plurality of wedges 120 includes a top surface 124 and a bottom surface 126. Both the top surface 124 and the bottom surface 126 include convex engagement regions 128, 130. The height of each of the wedges 120 is defined as the distance between the farthest point of the top engagement region 128 and the farthest point of the bottom engagement region 130.
[0072] Wedge 120 is positioned in the gap between the inner surface 104 of the outer ring 102 and the outer surface 112 of the inner ring 108. The top surface 124 of wedge 120 is in continuous contact with the inner surface 104 of the outer ring 102, and the bottom surface 126 of wedge 120 is in continuous contact with the outer surface 112 of the inner ring 108. The height of each wedge 120 is greater than the height of the gap between the inner surface 104 of the outer ring 102 and the outer surface 112 of the inner ring 108.
[0073] Multiple wedges 120 are disposed within the wedge holder 122. Figure 1 In the image, the wedge retainer 122 has been removed to clearly show the positioning of the wedge relative to the outer ring 102 and the inner ring 108. Figure 2 A wedge clutch 100 including a wedge retainer 122 is depicted. The wedge retainer 122 holds a plurality of wedges 120 in order to maintain the position of the plurality of wedges 120 relative to each other.
[0074] The wedge clutch 100 is also provided with a biasing system. The biasing system is configured to maintain continuous contact between the top surfaces 124 of the plurality of wedges 120 and the inner surfaces 104 of the outer ring 102, and between the bottom surfaces 126 of the plurality of wedges 120 and the outer surfaces 112 of the inner ring 108. This biasing system is also configured to return each of the plurality of wedges 120 to the clamped position 140.
[0075] like Figure 3 As shown, the biasing system can be a serpentine spring system. In a serpentine spring system, each of the plurality of wedges 120 includes a serpentine spring 132 positioned between the wedge retainer 122 and the foot of the wedge 134.
[0076] Alternatively, the biasing system may include a single helical spring 138, such as Figure 4a and Figure 4b As shown. Figure 4a and Figure 4b A wedge clutch 100 is depicted, comprising a single helical spring 138, which engages with a recess 136 in the top surface 124 of a wedge 120. Figure 4b A side view of a wedge clutch 100 including a single coil spring 138 is depicted. The coil spring 138 surrounds the entire wedge clutch 100, thus acting simultaneously on each of the plurality of wedges 120.
[0077] Reference Figure 5 If the pinion shaft 328 is stationary, the biasing system forces multiple wedges 120 into the clamping position 140. In the clamping position 140, the top engagement region 128 of the wedge 120 contacts the inner surface 104 of the outer ring 102, and the bottom engagement region 130 of the wedge 120 contacts the outer surface 112 of the inner ring 108.
[0078] If the pinion shaft 328 rotates in the permissible direction, the rotation of the inner ring 108 relative to the outer ring 102 forces the plurality of wedges 120 to pivot away from the clamping position 140 toward the releasing position 142, as... Figure 5 The dotted wedge is shown in the diagram. When the wedge 120 pivots, the portion of the top surface 124 that contacts the inner surface 104 of the outer ring 102 and the portion of the bottom surface that contacts the outer surface 112 of the inner ring 108 are displaced to points outside the top engagement region 128 and the bottom engagement region 130. This allows the inner ring 108 to rotate freely relative to the outer ring 102.
[0079] If the pinion shaft 328 rotates in the limiting direction, the rotation of the inner ring 108 no longer forces the plurality of wedges 120 to pivot away from the clamping position 140. Therefore, the biasing system forces the plurality of wedges 120 to pivot back to the clamping position 140. Because the height of the wedges 120 is greater than the gap between the inner surface 104 of the outer ring 102 and the outer surface 112 of the inner ring 108, they cause elastic deformation of the inner surface 104 of the outer ring 102 and the outer surface 112 of the inner ring 108 as the wedges 120 shift back to the clamping position 140. Torque is transmitted from the plurality of wedges 120 to the inner surface 104 of the outer ring 102 and the outer surface 112 of the inner ring 108. The elastic deformation of the inner surface 104 of the outer ring 102 and the outer surface 112 of the inner ring 108 provides resistance to the pivoting of the plurality of wedges 120 back to the clamping position 140. Once the resistance and torque transmission are balanced, rotation in the limiting direction is prevented. This prevents further rotation of the pinion shaft 328 in the limiting direction by preventing further rotation of the inner ring 108 in the limiting direction.
[0080] Reference Figure 6A cross-sectional view of a roller clutch 200 is provided. The roller clutch 200 is an alternative type of one-way clutch that can be used in chain-driven lifting mechanisms. Similar to a wedge clutch 100, the roller clutch 200 includes an outer ring 202 having an outer surface 206 and an inner surface 204, and an inner ring 208 having an outer surface 212 and an inner surface 210. The outer ring 202 surrounds the inner ring 208 such that the outer ring 202 and the inner ring 208 are coaxial, and a gap is formed between the inner surface 204 of the outer ring 202 and the outer surface 212 of the inner ring 208. The outer ring 202 includes a recess 214. In use, the recess 214 is configured to receive a locking portion 358 to secure the roller clutch 200 to a clutch pulley 310 having a corresponding recess 366. The inner ring 208 includes a central aperture 216. The central aperture 216 allows a pinion shaft 328 to pass through the roller clutch 200. The inner ring 208 also includes a recess 218. In use, the inner ring recess 218 is configured to receive a locking portion 358 to secure the inner ring 208 to a pinion shaft 328 having a corresponding pinion shaft recess 360. The outer surface 212 of the inner ring 208 includes a ramp 222. The ramp 222 is an inclined region of the inner ring 208. Each ramp 222 includes a roller 220. Each of the rollers 220 is connected to the outer surface 212 of the inner ring by a spring 224. The spring 244 is configured to function as a biasing system.
[0081] If the pinion shaft 328 is stationary, the biasing system forces the roller 220 further up the ramp 222 into the clamping position 140. In the clamping position 140, the roller 220 wedges between the outer surface 212 of the inner ring 208 and the inner surface 204 of the outer ring 202. If the pinion shaft 328 rotates in the permissible direction, the roller 220 is forced down the ramp 222 into the larger gap between the inner ring 208 and the outer ring 202. The roller 220 is no longer wedged between the inner ring 208 and the outer ring 202, thus allowing the inner ring 208 to rotate relative to the outer ring 202. If the pinion shaft 328 rotates in the restrictive direction, the spring 224 forces the roller 220 further up the ramp 222 back to the clamping position 140, which thus prevents the inner ring 208 from rotating relative to the outer ring 202.
[0082] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9An exploded view, a cross-sectional view, and a perspective view of the hoist 300 are provided. The hoist 300 includes a housing 302. The housing includes the following components: a gear system cover 302a; a gear system plate 302b; a load wheel plate 302c; a brake mechanism cover 302d; and a handwheel cover 302e. The components of the housing 302 are securely attached together by three bolts 304. Each of the bolts 304 passes through a bolt hole 306 within each component of the housing 302. The components of the housing 302 are secured with nuts 308, which are screwed onto each end of the bolts 304.
[0083] In this example, the hoist 300 includes a wedge-type clutch 100 as described above; however, those skilled in the art will understand that a roller clutch 200 can replace the wedge-type clutch 100. The wedge-type clutch 100 is configured as a backstop mechanism within the hoist 300. The wedge-type clutch 100 is housed within a clutch pulley 310. The wedge-type clutch 100 and the clutch pulley 310 are integrated into the braking mechanism 312.
[0084] Braking mechanism 312 is positioned between load wheel plate 302c and brake mechanism cover 302d. Braking mechanism 312 includes at least one disc hub 314. In this particular embodiment, braking mechanism 312 includes three disc hubs 314: an inner disc hub 314a, a center disc hub 314b, and an outer disc hub 314c. The inner disc hub 314a and the outer disc hub 314c include hub flanges 316. Braking mechanism 312 also includes at least one brake disc 318. In this particular embodiment, braking mechanism 312 includes two brake discs 318. Inner brake disc 318a is mounted to the hub flange 316 of inner disc hub 314a, and outer brake disc 318b is mounted to the hub flange 316 of outer disc hub 314c. Brake discs 318 are mounted to corresponding disc hubs 314 such that brake discs 318 and disc hubs 314 are coaxial. Braking mechanism 312 further includes a screw mechanism. In the screw mechanism, the inner hub 314a operates as a brake screw, which, together with the brake nut 364, is configured to press the brake discs 318a and 318b against each other via the hubs 314a, 314b and 314c.
[0085] The inner hub 314a is mounted to the load wheel plate 302c. The inner brake disc 318a is mounted to the hub flange 316 of the inner hub 314a. The clutch pulley 310, including the wedge-type clutch 100, is mounted to the load wheel plate 302c via a pair of screws 320 and washers 322, which are screwed into corresponding screw threaded holes 324. The screw threaded holes 324 are mounted to and protrude from the load wheel plate 302c. The center hub 314b is mounted to the clutch pulley 310, such that the inner brake disc 318a is positioned between the inner brake hub 314a and the center brake hub 314b. The outer hub 314c is also mounted to the clutch pulley 310, such that the clutch pulley 310 is positioned between the center hub 314b and the outer hub 314c. The outer brake disc 318b is mounted to the hub flange 316 of the outer hub 314c.
[0086] Each of at least one brake disc 318 and each of at least one disc hub 314 includes a central bore 326. A pinion shaft 328 passes through the central bore 326 of each brake disc 318, each disc hub 314, and the central bore 116 of the wedge clutch 100. A brake nut 364 is mounted to the pinion shaft 328 such that the pinion shaft 328 passes through the central bore of the brake nut 364.
[0087] The braking mechanism 312 is configured to switch between an active and a deactivated state. The inner disc hub 314a and brake nut 364, operating as a brake screw, are configured to control the switching of the braking mechanism (and the wedge clutch 100) between active and deactivated states, and can be actuated by a control member in the form of a screw handle (not shown). If the braking mechanism 312 is active, the wedge clutch 100 is also active. In the active state, the inner disc hub 314a is tightened by the brake nut 364. This presses the brake disc 318 against the disc hub 314, eliminating air gaps and engaging the brake disc 318 with the disc hub 314. In the active state, the wedge clutch 100 is configured to allow rotation of the pinion shaft 328 in the permissible direction and restrict rotation of the pinion shaft 328 in the restrictive direction. The braking mechanism is active during lifting. Therefore, rotation of the pinion shaft 328 in the permissible direction causes the hoist 300 to lift the load (not shown).
[0088] If the braking mechanism 312 is in a deactivated state, the wedge clutch 100 is also in a deactivated state. In the deactivated state, the inner hub 314a is released from the brake nut 364, causing the brake disc 318 to disengage from the hub 314, creating an air gap between the brake disc 318 and the hub 314. In the deactivated state, the wedge clutch 100 is configured to allow rotation of the pinion shaft 328 in the permissible direction and also allow rotation of the pinion shaft 328 in the restricted direction. The braking mechanism 312 is in a deactivated state during lowering. The braking mechanism 312, and therefore the wedge clutch 100, is set to a deactivated state in preparation for lowering in response to user actuation of a screw handle (not shown). The screw handle is configured to release and / or tighten the inner hub 314a with the brake nut 364.
[0089] The braking mechanism 312, and therefore the wedge-type clutch 100, is configured to activate automatically if lowering is terminated or paused and / or if lifting begins. The wedge-type clutch 100, integrated within the braking mechanism 312, holds the load such that it remains suspended in its position until lowering or lifting begins. The braking mechanism 312 is automatically activated under the weight of the load. The weight of the load provides a rotational force on the inner disc hub 314a, which tightens the inner disc hub 314a into the brake nut 364. This presses the brake disc 318 against the disc hub 314, eliminating air gaps and engaging the brake disc 318 with the disc hub 314.
[0090] The hoist 300 includes a handwheel 330. In this particular embodiment, the handwheel 330 is a sprocket. The handwheel 330 is positioned between a handwheel cover 302e and a brake mechanism cover 302d. The handwheel 330 is mounted to a pinion shaft 328 (e.g., Figure 8 (As shown), the pinion shaft 328 passes through the central bore 332 within the handwheel 330. The hoist 300 further includes a hand chain 336. The hand chain 336 can be as follows: Figure 1 The circular chain is shown. The bracelet 336 includes links positioned within slots formed in the handwheel sprocket. The bracelet 336 moves in response to a user pulling the bracelet 336. The movement of the bracelet 336 drives the rotation of the handwheel 330. The rotation of the handwheel 330 drives the rotation of the pinion shaft 328.
[0091] The hoist 300 further includes a gear system 338. The gear system 338 is positioned between the gear cover 302a and the gear plate 302b at the distal end of the pinion shaft 328 away from the handwheel 330. The gear system 338 is configured to rotate in response to rotation of the pinion shaft 328.
[0092] The hoist 300 further includes a load wheel 350. The load wheel 350 is positioned between the gear plate 302b and the load wheel plate 302c. The load wheel 350 is configured to rotate in response to rotation of the gear system 338. In this particular embodiment, the load wheel 350 is a sprocket.
[0093] The hoist 300 includes a load chain 352. The load chain 352 includes links positioned within slots formed in a sprocket. Rotation of the load sprocket 350 causes the load chain 352 to run above it, resulting in linear movement of the load chain 352. This linear movement of the load chain 352 causes the load attached to it to be raised and / or lowered. The load is connected to the load chain 352 via a load hook (not shown) attached to one end of the load chain 352.
[0094] The hoist includes a top hook 354. The top hook 354 is configured to attach the hoist 300 to an external support structure (not shown). The top hook 354 is mounted to the gear system plate 302b and the load wheel plate 302c via a top hook pin 356.
[0095] In use, to lower the load using the hoist 300, the user first disengages the braking mechanism 312 and the wedge clutch 100 via a control component. To drive the rotatable handwheel 330, the user pulls the hand chain 336. The rotation of the rotatable handwheel 330 drives the rotation of the pinion shaft 328, the gear system 338, and the load wheel 350. The rotation of the load wheel 350 allows the load chain 352 to lower the attached load.
[0096] In use, to lift the load using the hoist 300, the user first engages the braking mechanism 312 and the wedge clutch 100. The braking mechanism 312 and the wedge clutch 100 can be engaged by user actuation via a control member, or they can engage automatically at the end of descent or the start of lifting. This restricts rotation of the pinion shaft in the descent direction. To drive the rotatable handwheel 330, the user pulls the hand chain 336 in the opposite direction to the desired load descent. Rotation of the rotatable handwheel 330 drives rotation of the pinion shaft 328, the gear system 338, and the load wheel 350. Rotation of the load wheel 350 allows the load chain 352 to lift the attached load.
[0097] The above description of one or more embodiments is by way of example only. Many variations are possible without departing from the scope of protection provided by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A hoist, comprising a backstop mechanism, wherein, The backstop mechanism includes a one-way clutch.
2. The hoist according to claim 1, wherein, The one-way clutch is configured to switch between an active state and a deactivated state, wherein, in the active state, the one-way clutch is configured to allow rotation in a permitted direction but restrict rotation in a restricted direction, and wherein, in the deactivated state, the one-way clutch is configured to allow rotation in both the permitted and restricted directions.
3. The hoist according to claim 2, wherein, The switching between the active state and the deactivated state of the one-way clutch is achieved by actuation of the clutch control component.
4. The hoist according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The one-way clutch includes multiple engagement elements.
5. The hoist according to claim 4, wherein, The plurality of engaging elements are disposed between the inner surface of the outer ring and the outer surface of the inner ring, and wherein the plurality of engaging elements are movable between a clamped position and a released position.
6. The hoist according to claim 5, wherein, Rotation of the one-way clutch in the limiting direction moves the plurality of engagement elements toward the clamping position, and rotation of the one-way clutch in the allowing direction moves the plurality of engagement elements toward the releasing position.
7. The hoist according to claim 5 or claim 6, wherein, In the clamped position, the plurality of engaging elements engage with the inner surface of the outer ring and / or the outer surface of the inner ring, and wherein, in the released position, the plurality of engaging elements disengage from the inner surface of the outer ring and / or the outer surface of the inner ring.
8. The hoist according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The one-way clutch includes a biasing system configured to return the plurality of engagement elements to the clamped position.
9. The hoist according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The one-way clutch is a wedge-type clutch.
10. The hoist according to claim 9, wherein, The inner surface of the outer ring is a smooth surface and / or the outer surface of the inner ring is a smooth surface, and the plurality of engaging elements are a plurality of wedges.
11. The hoist according to claim 10, wherein, The plurality of wedges include a top surface and a bottom surface, wherein the top surface and / or the bottom surface includes a convex engagement region.
12. The hoist according to claim 10 or claim 11, wherein, The height of each of the plurality of wedges is greater than the height of the gap between the inner surface of the outer ring and the outer surface of the inner ring.
13. The hoist according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein, The plurality of wedges are disposed within a wedge retainer, wherein the wedge retainer is configured to maintain the positioning of the plurality of wedges relative to each other.
14. The hoist according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, The one-way clutch is a roller clutch.
15. The hoist according to claim 14, wherein, The inner surface of the outer ring includes a ramp, and / or the outer surface of the inner ring includes a ramp, and the plurality of engaging elements are a plurality of rollers.
16. The hoist according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The hoist includes a braking mechanism.
17. The hoist according to claim 16, wherein, The braking mechanism is configured to switch between an active state and a deactivated state, wherein in the active state, the braking mechanism is configured to allow rotation in the allowed direction but restrict rotation in the restricted direction, and wherein in the deactivated state, the braking mechanism is configured to allow rotation in both directions.
18. The hoist according to claim 17, wherein, The switching between the active state and the deactivated state of the braking mechanism is achieved by actuation of the braking control component.
19. The hoist according to claim 17, wherein, The braking mechanism is automatically activated due to the weight of the load.
20. The hoist according to any one of claims 16 to 19, wherein, The one-way clutch is integrated within the braking mechanism; optionally, the clutch control component is integrated with the braking control component.
21. The hoist according to claim 20, wherein, If the braking mechanism is in an active state, the one-way clutch is in an active state, and if the braking mechanism is in a deactivated state, the one-way clutch is in a deactivated state.
22. The hoist according to any one of claims 16 to 21, wherein, The braking mechanism includes a brake screw and a brake nut, wherein the brake screw and the brake nut are configured to press at least one brake disc against at least one disc hub and / or release at least one brake disc from at least one disc hub.
23. The hoist according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The hoist includes a load chain and / or a handle, wherein the load chain and / or handle provides means for a user to operate the hoist.
24. The hoist according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The hoist includes a pinion shaft and / or a gear system.
25. The hoist according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The hoist includes a housing, wherein the housing is configured to provide means for mounting components of the hoist.