Air source heat pump for desert hinterland

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of air source heat pump evaporators, and particularly relates to an air source heat pump for desert hinterland, which comprises a heat pump host and an evaporator, the heat pump host and the evaporator are fixedly installed in a box frame; a fan is arranged on the top of the evaporator, the fan is a reversing fan, a fin group is arranged on the upper portion of the evaporator, and a dustproof assembly is arranged on the box frame at the air inlet of the fin group; a high-pressure air supplement assembly is arranged outside the heat pump host; through the cooperation of the dustproof assembly and the high-pressure air supplement assembly, high-pressure air supplement is carried out while the functions of air control, air filtration, dust cleaning and light shielding are realized, the air inlet amount of the evaporator is ensured, and the'mud sand frost' is eliminated, so that the continuous and efficient operation of the air source heat pump is ensured, the efficiency (COP) of the system is greatly improved, the COP is maintained at 2.2 in winter and 2.6 in summer, and stable output is realized at the cost of reasonable energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of air source heat pump evaporator technology, and more specifically, relates to an air source heat pump for use in the heart of a desert. Background Technology

[0002] An air source heat pump is an energy-saving device that uses high-grade energy to transfer heat from a low-grade heat source, air, to a high-grade heat source. The liquid working fluid first absorbs heat from the air in the evaporator and evaporates to form steam (vaporization). Then, it is compressed into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas by the compressor and enters the condenser to condense into a liquid (liquefaction). The absorbed heat is transferred to the water that needs to be heated. After the liquid working fluid is depressurized and expanded by the expansion valve, it returns to the evaporator, absorbs heat and evaporates to complete a cycle. This process is repeated, continuously absorbing heat from the low-temperature source and outputting it to the water to be heated, directly reaching the predetermined temperature. As the core component, the finned evaporator needs to perform efficient heat exchange with the air.

[0003] Air source heat pumps are significant in replacing traditional oil and natural gas-powered heating methods in deserts, playing a crucial role in energy conservation, emission reduction, and environmental protection. However, the harsh environment of the desert interior, characterized by high dust levels, extreme temperatures, strong corrosion, and significant temperature differences, presents technical challenges for air source heat pumps. Firstly, the extremely high dust content in the air causes fine sand particles to quickly adhere to and clog the gaps in the heat exchanger fins, forming an insulation layer that severely hinders heat exchange efficiency, leading to a significant decrease in heating capacity and a sharp increase in energy consumption. Secondly, the high-speed flowing sand has strong abrasive properties, constantly wearing down key components such as fan blades and bearing rubber coatings, shortening the equipment's lifespan. Thirdly, although deserts are arid, winter nighttime temperatures can drop below -20 degrees Celsius. Small amounts of water vapor in the air mix with sand as it flows through the low-temperature heat exchanger, forming a sticky, hard "mud frost." This composite frost layer is more difficult to remove than ordinary frost, often causing conventional automatic defrosting functions to fail, resulting in the unit's inability to operate normally or even damage.

[0004] Chinese invention patent CN115628572A discloses an air source heat pump. It features a filter box located below the pump body, containing a filter plate and movable baffles. Adhesive paper is adhered to the inner surface of the baffles. When gas flows through the filter box, it contacts the baffles, causing dust and impurities to adhere to the adhesive paper. This effectively removes airborne impurities. The tilt angle of the baffles is adjustable, changing the contact area with the gas. A larger tilt angle results in a larger contact area and better adhesion of dust and impurities. Brushes II at both ends of the filter box continuously clean the inner wall of the pipes, preventing excessive dust buildup and ensuring efficient heat exchanger fins. However, the harsh and changeable desert environment, with its poor air quality, places air source heat pumps under complex and variable operating conditions. The evaporator is prone to clogging, which in turn affects heat exchange efficiency. Manual cleaning is not only ineffective, but frequent and prolonged shutdowns inevitably impact the overall heat exchange efficiency of the air source heat pump. Therefore, ensuring the continuous and efficient operation of air source heat pumps in the harsh and changeable desert environment has become an urgent problem to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an air source heat pump for use in the heart of deserts, addressing the problem that conventional air source heat pumps in the prior art cannot adapt to the harsh environment of saline-alkali deserts, leading to decreased thermal efficiency and frequent damage. This invention proposes an air source heat pump capable of adapting to extreme and complex environments such as high dust levels, strong corrosion, and large temperature differences, ensuring that the evaporator system efficiency reaches 2.2 in winter and above 2.6 in summer, achieving stable output. This air source heat pump includes a heat pump unit and an evaporator, which are fixedly installed within a housing frame. A fan, a reversing fan, is installed on the top of the evaporator. A finned assembly is located on the upper part of the evaporator, and a dustproof component is installed on the housing frame at the air inlet of the finned assembly.

[0006] The dustproof assembly includes a dust cover, a filter plate two is fixedly installed inside the dust cover, an electric scraper unit that can clean the filter plate two is provided on the inner wall of the dust cover on both sides of the filter plate two, an electric damper two that can open and close the air inlet channel is provided at the front end of the dust cover, and an electric sewage louver for sewage discharge is fixedly installed at the bottom of the dust cover.

[0007] A high-pressure air supply assembly is installed outside the heat pump unit. The high-pressure air supply assembly includes a support frame, and a nacelle is fixedly installed on the top of the support frame. An air intake unit and an air collection chamber are arranged from front to back in the nacelle. The air intake unit has an air intake port at its rear end, which is connected to the air collection chamber. An electric damper is installed at the rear end of the nacelle. An air inlet is provided at the rear end of the air collection chamber corresponding to the electric damper. A filter plate is installed at the air inlet. An exhaust port is provided at the bottom of the air collection chamber. The exhaust port is tapered.

[0008] The evaporator is fixedly installed around its perimeter. Air outlet holes are spaced apart on the air distribution pipes. The air distribution pipes are connected to the air collection chamber through an air supply pipe.

[0009] The high-pressure air supply assembly also includes a wind turbine, which is rotatably mounted at the front end of the nacelle; the wind turbine is fixedly connected to a main shaft; the air intake unit includes an air intake shroud, a main shaft, and a rotating impeller; the rear end of the air intake shroud is provided with an air intake port and is connected to the air collection chamber; the air intake shroud contains a rotating impeller, which is mounted inside the air intake shroud via the main shaft; the main shaft of the air intake unit and the main shaft of the wind turbine are connected by a transmission unit.

[0010] Preferably, the electric scraper unit includes an electric swing arm and a scraper; a controller is installed outside the heat pump host, and an anemometer is installed on the top of the fan. The signal output terminal of the anemometer is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the controller; the signal input terminal of the controller is electrically connected to the signal output terminals of the second electric damper, the electric swing arm, the electric sewage louver, and the first electric damper, respectively.

[0011] Preferably, vibrators are fixedly installed at each of the four corners of the filter plate, and the signal output terminal of the controller is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the vibrator.

[0012] Preferably, the heat pump unit is equipped with a detector 1 for monitoring the return gas temperature and return gas pressure of the evaporator, and the signal output terminal of detector 1 is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the controller; the heat pump unit is also equipped with a detector 2 for monitoring the external ambient temperature and humidity, and the signal output terminal of detector 2 is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the controller.

[0013] Preferably, a cover frame is installed on the housing frame at the air inlet of the evaporator, and the upper end of the dust cover is hinged to the cover frame. Electric hydraulic rods are installed between the dust cover and the cover frame on both sides of the dust cover. One side of the dust cover is a slanted side, and an electric damper is installed between the two slanted sides of the dust cover.

[0014] Preferably, the electric scraper unit further includes a second mounting base and a connecting rod. The second mounting base is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the dust cover and rotatably connected to the electric swing arm. The other end of the electric swing arm is fixedly connected to the connecting rod. The scraper is fixedly mounted on the connecting rod and is in contact with the outer wall of the filter plate.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes a skid-mounted base, on which the heat pump unit, evaporator, and support frame are fixed.

[0016] Preferably, the fin assembly of the evaporator includes copper tubes and copper fins, with the copper fins arranged in two rows with a spacing of 3-4 mm, and the copper tubes having a diameter of 9 mm.

[0017] Preferably, the filter plate 2 has square perforations evenly distributed on it, with the perforation side length being 8-12mm.

[0018] The beneficial technical effects of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows:

[0019] 1. Using anemometer data as a basis for judgment, through the synergistic effect of dustproof components and high-pressure air supply components, the dust cover controls airflow, filters air, cleans dust, and blocks light, while high-pressure air supply ensures the air intake inside the evaporator, while isolating sand and dust outside the system, avoiding dirt accumulation on the fins, maintaining stable energy consumption of the evaporator and stability of the condenser, and ensuring that the equipment can operate normally for a long time.

[0020] 2. In complex environments such as low temperatures and sandstorms during winter, "mud and frost" adhere to the evaporator fins during the defrosting process of the heat pump unit. By closing the electric damper, a closed cavity is formed inside the dust cover. Air is blown through the cavity by the fan at the top and the air distribution pipe at the bottom. A reflux zone is formed inside the dust cover, and the air always acts on the fins to form convection, which grabs and blows away the mud, frost and other debris adhering to the evaporator fins, quickly breaking them down and falling off, completely eliminating the "mud and frost" and ensuring the continuous and efficient operation of the air source heat pump.

[0021] This invention can operate stably and efficiently in the heart of the desert, ensuring that the evaporator suction pressure is maintained at 0.30 MPa, the evaporator inlet and outlet air temperature difference reaches 14.6°C, and the heat exchange efficiency of the heat pump unit is significantly improved; the fan operating current is maintained at 1.9A, the fan operation is weakened by wind resistance, reducing the overall power of the system (down to 33.6kW); its heating capacity can be maintained at 73.4 kWh. According to the principle of "system efficiency COP = heating capacity / input power", the system efficiency (COP) is actually greatly improved, with COP maintained at 2.2 in winter and 2.6 in summer, improving the situation where extremely high energy consumption is sacrificed to achieve stable output with reasonable energy consumption.

[0022] Secondly, the condenser exhaust temperature is kept below 78°C, ensuring that the compressor can continuously operate under good conditions. The number of alarms from the heat pump unit has been reduced from about 20 times a day to 0 times, and the equipment can operate normally for a long time. The cleaning frequency of the evaporator fins has been reduced from 2-6 times a month to 0 times. The problems of decreased evaporator thermal efficiency, frequent damage, and dirt blockage have been fundamentally solved, enabling the heat pump unit to operate efficiently and stably for a long time even in harsh and changeable weather conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall external structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram of point A;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the dustproof component of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the air distribution duct structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the dust cover;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the dust cover;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the electric scraper unit structure;

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified structural diagram of section B;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the controller signal input / output module of the present invention.

[0032] Icon labels:

[0033] 1. Heat pump main unit; 2. Fan; 3. High-pressure air supply assembly; 301. Fan wheel; 302. Support frame; 303. Air supply duct; 304. Air collection chamber; 305. Anemometer; 306. Cabin; 307. Filter plate one; 308. Electric damper one; 309. Suction unit; 310. Transmission unit; 4. Controller; 5. Dustproof assembly; 501. Dust cover; 502. Electric damper two; 503. Electric sewage louver; 504. Electric hydraulic rod; 505. Filter plate two; 506. Vibrator; 507. Electric scraper unit; 5071. Mounting base two; 5072. Electric swing arm; 5073. Connecting rod; 5074. Scraper; 6. Base; 7. Air distribution duct; 8. Evaporator. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives, and effects of this invention easier to understand, the following description is provided in conjunction with the appendix. Figure 1 To be continued Figure 9 The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to specific implementation methods.

[0035] An air source heat pump for use in the hinterland of a desert includes a heat pump host 1 and an evaporator 8, which are fixedly installed in a housing frame. A fan 2 is provided on the top of the evaporator 8. The fan 2 is a reversing fan. A fin assembly is provided on the upper part of the evaporator 8. A dustproof component 5 is installed on the housing frame at the air inlet of the evaporator 8 at the fin assembly.

[0036] The dustproof component 5 includes a dustproof cover 501, a filter plate 505 fixedly installed inside the dustproof cover 501, an electric scraper unit 507 for cleaning the filter plate 505 is provided on the inner wall of the dustproof cover 501 on both sides of the filter plate 505, an electric damper 502 for opening and closing the air inlet channel is provided at the front end of the dustproof cover 501, and an electric sewage louver 503 for sewage discharge is fixedly installed at the bottom of the dustproof cover 501.

[0037] The dust cover 501 filters the air entering the evaporator 8 through the second filter plate 505, while the electric scraper unit 507 cleans the dust adhering to the second filter plate 505 from time to time. The electric drain louver 503 discharges the cleaned dust from the bottom of the dust cover 501 in a timely manner. The dust cover 501 not only isolates sand and dust outside the heat pump host 1, but also adjusts the cleaning frequency in real time according to the equipment operation status and external environment to ensure the quality of the incoming air, prevent dirt from accumulating on the fins of the evaporator 8, and ensure that the equipment can operate normally for a long time.

[0038] The damper plate of the electric damper 2502 can be rotated to adjust the air inlet angle, control the airflow speed, guide the airflow to transition smoothly, and maximize the direct blowing of the heat exchanger 8 fins to improve the heat exchange of the evaporator 8.

[0039] The heat pump host 1 is externally equipped with a high-pressure air supply component 3. The high-pressure air supply component 3 includes a support frame 302. A housing 306 is fixedly installed on the top of the support frame 302. An air intake unit 309 and an air collection chamber 304 are respectively arranged from front to back in the housing 306. The rear end of the air intake unit 309 is provided with an air intake port and is connected to the air collection chamber 304. An electric damper 308 is installed at the rear end of the housing 306. The rear end of the air collection chamber 304 corresponding to the electric damper 308 is provided with an air inlet. A filter plate 307 is installed at the air inlet. The bottom of the air collection chamber 304 is provided with an exhaust port, which is tapered.

[0040] An air distribution duct 7 is fixedly installed around the evaporator 8. Air outlet holes are provided on the air distribution duct 7 at intervals. The air distribution duct 7 is connected to the air collection chamber 304 through the air supply duct 303.

[0041] The suction unit 309 draws air into the air collection chamber 304, filters it through the filter plate 307, pressurizes it through the exhaust port, and sends it to the air distribution pipe 7 through the air supply pipe 303. The air distribution pipe 7 blows air from all sides to the fins of the evaporator 8. Under high pressure, it reduces air loss and improves the air supply effect.

[0042] Meanwhile, the air collection chamber 304 controls the opening and closing angle of the electric damper 308 through the controller 4, thereby controlling the air volume; the air distribution duct 7 runs around the periphery of the evaporator 8, increasing the air pressure, which can blow away the deposits on the fins while making up for the air, further improving the heat exchange effect of the fins of the evaporator 8.

[0043] The electric scraper unit 507 includes an electric swing arm 5072 and a scraper 5074; a controller 4 is installed outside the heat pump host 1, and an anemometer 305 is installed on the top of the nacelle 306. The signal output terminal of the anemometer 305 is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the controller 4; the signal input terminal of the controller 4 is electrically connected to the signal output terminals of the electric damper 502, the electric swing arm 5072, the electric sewage louver 503, and the electric damper 308, respectively.

[0044] It should be noted that, using the data from the anemometer 305 as the basis for judgment, the controller 4 integrates the functions of the dustproof component 5 and the high-pressure air supply component 3 to achieve the synergistic effects of air control, air filtration, high-pressure air supply, sand and dust removal, and light shielding. This ensures the air intake volume inside the evaporator 8, while isolating sand and dust outside the heat pump host 1 system, preventing dirt accumulation on the fins, and ensuring the low-energy-consumption, stable, and normal operation of the evaporator 8 and condenser; thus improving the heating capacity of the air source heat pump.

[0045] In complex winter environments with low temperatures and sandstorms, during the defrosting process of the heat pump unit 1, "mud and frost" adhere to the fins of the evaporator 8. The fan 2 blows air in the opposite direction to the fins of the evaporator 8. At this time, the high-pressure air supply component 3 blows high-pressure air to the evaporator 8 through the air distribution pipe 7. The electric damper 502 is closed, forming a closed cavity inside the dust cover 501. Airflow is generated within this cavity through the fan 2 at the top and the air distribution pipe 7 at the bottom. A reflux zone is formed inside the dust cover 501, where the airflow consistently acts on the fins, creating convection. This effectively removes and disintegrates the mud and frost adhering to the evaporator 8 fins, ensuring the continuous and efficient operation of the air source heat pump. Specific cleaning methods for "mud and frost" can be found in the attached... Figure 9 The control logic is shown in Table 3.

[0046] Furthermore, the high-pressure air supply assembly 3 also includes a wind turbine 301, which is rotatably mounted on the front end of the nacelle 306; the wind turbine 301 is fixedly connected to a main shaft; the suction unit 309 includes a suction guide shroud, a main shaft, and a rotating impeller; the rear end of the suction guide shroud is provided with a suction port and is connected to the air collection chamber 304; the suction guide shroud contains a rotating impeller, which is mounted inside the suction guide shroud via the main shaft; the main shaft of the suction unit 309 and the main shaft of the wind turbine 301 are connected by a transmission unit 310.

[0047] The fan wheel 301 rotates under the action of natural wind, and the low-speed rotation of the first rotating shaft is converted into the high-speed rotation of the second main shaft through the transmission unit 310. This drives the rotating impeller of the suction unit 309 to rotate at high speed, thereby drawing air into the air collection chamber 304. It is especially suitable for use in the heart of the desert, where no additional power source is required. It utilizes the abundant desert wind resources to achieve the air supply effect for the air source heat pump.

[0048] See appendix Figure 4 To be continued Figure 7 As shown, a cover frame is installed on the housing frame at the air inlet of the evaporator 8. The upper end of the dust cover 501 is hinged to the cover frame. Electric hydraulic rods 504 are installed between the dust cover 501 and the cover frame on both sides. One side of the dust cover 501 is a bevel, and an electric damper 502 is installed between the two bevels of the dust cover 501. The electric scraper unit 507 also includes a mounting base 5071 and a connecting rod 5073. The mounting base 5071 is connected to the inner wall of the dust cover 501. The mounting base 5071 is rotatably connected to the electric swing arm 5072, and the other end of the electric swing arm 5072 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 5073. The scraper 5074 is fixedly mounted on the connecting rod 5073 and adheres to the outer wall of the filter plate 505. The filter plate 505 is a stainless steel filter plate, and vibrators 506 are fixedly mounted at each of the four corners of the filter plate 505. The signal output terminal of the controller 4 is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the vibrator 506. For the daily cleaning schedule of the filter plate 505 based on the wind speed, please refer to the attached diagram. Figure 9 The control logic is shown in Table 2.

[0049] Specifically, the controller 4 starts the electric swing arms 5072 on both sides of the inner wall of the dust cover 501 to swing downwards at a 60-degree angle to clean the surface of the filter plate 505. The electric swing arms 5072 work once every 80 minutes, each work lasts for 24 seconds, and the swing time of the electric swing arms 5072 is about 3 seconds.

[0050] It should be noted that under the high-frequency vibration of the vibrator 506, the sand and other debris attached to the surface of the filter plate 505 can be quickly shaken off; the dust cover 501 can be customized according to the size of the evaporator 8 and is supported by an electric hydraulic rod 504. When the heat pump host 1 needs to be maintained, the controller 4 is used to start the electric hydraulic rod 504 to flip the dust cover 501 upward, which is convenient for the staff to operate and the switch is flexible and convenient.

[0051] The inclined electric damper 2 502 creates an angle for the air intake, increasing the angle between the airflow and the damper plate of the electric damper 2 502, improving the uniformity of the airflow, guiding the airflow to transition smoothly, and maximizing the direct blowing of air onto the fin assembly to form a wind zone, thereby improving the heat exchange of the evaporator 8; at the same time, the dust cover 501 and the electric damper 2 can block the high-temperature sunlight from directly hitting the air source heat pump host 1, forming a spatial isolation from the external environment and avoiding the impact of high external temperatures on the heat pump host 1.

[0052] It should also be noted that the electric swing arm 5072 is equipped with a servo motor that drives its reciprocating swing. The servo motor is controlled by the controller 4 and is protected by a protective cover. Both the electric damper 308 and the electric damper 502 utilize existing technology (including the door frame, door panel, servo motor, and transmission mechanism). The door frame of electric damper 308 is fixedly connected to the air inlet of the air collection chamber 304, and the door frame of electric damper 502 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the dust cover 501. The door panel is rotatably installed inside the door frame, and the servo motor can drive the door panel to rotate via the transmission mechanism.

[0053] Furthermore, the fin assembly of the evaporator 8 includes copper tubes and copper fins. The copper fins are arranged in two rows, with a spacing of 3-4 mm between them, and the copper tubes have a diameter of 9 mm.

[0054] It should be noted that the smaller the fin spacing, the greater the air resistance, and since air resistance is inversely proportional to the heat transfer rate, the heat transfer efficiency is lower. Conversely, the larger the fin spacing, the lower the evaporation temperature and heat transfer of the air source heat pump unit 1, the longer the frosting time, and the more prone the fins of the evaporator 8 are to clogging, increasing the overall operating cost. In this invention, the fin spacing is set to 3-4 mm, which increases the average evaporation temperature of the air source heat pump unit 1 by approximately 2.5°C, shortens the frosting time by 5.21%-82.96%, and significantly reduces the fin clogging problem of the evaporator 8. The fins of the evaporator 8 are made of copper tubes and copper fins. The thermal conductivity of copper is approximately twice that of aluminum, which minimizes the thermal resistance between the fins and the air. The copper fins can quickly and evenly distribute the refrigerant pump cooling capacity across the entire fin surface, enabling rapid temperature uniformity and avoiding uneven local frosting. The use of copper fins and copper tubes in conjunction avoids the electrochemical corrosion problems common in aluminum fin-copper tube combinations due to the contact of the same metal.

[0055] Furthermore, the air supply duct 303 is fixedly installed inside the support frame 302, and a solenoid valve is provided on the air supply duct 303. The connection section between the air supply duct 303 and the air distribution duct 7 is a flexible hose; the connection section between the air supply duct 303 and the air distribution duct 7 is a flexible hose for easy disassembly and assembly.

[0056] It should be noted that the anemometer 305 monitors the outside wind speed in real time, and the controller 4 controls the opening and closing angle of the electric damper 308 according to the outside wind speed, thereby controlling the air intake. When there is a lot of dust in the outside air, it prevents too much dust from entering the evaporator 8 and clogging the fins. When the outside air quality meets the standards, it increases the air supply, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat pump host 1. The corresponding values ​​of wind speed and the opening and closing angle of the electric damper 308 are shown in Table 1.

[0057] Table 1

[0058]

[0059] As shown in Table 1, when the wind speed is greater than 12 m / s, the opening angle of the electric damper 308 is the smallest and the air intake is the smallest, which avoids too much sand and dust from entering the evaporator 8 and clogging the fins. When the wind speed is less than 8 m / s, the opening angle of the electric damper 308 is the largest and the air intake is the largest, which ensures sufficient make-up air volume.

[0060] It should also be noted that the heat pump unit 1 is equipped with a detector 1 that monitors the return gas temperature and pressure of the evaporator 8. The signal output terminal of detector 1 is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the controller 4. The controller 4 determines the degree of blockage of the filter plate 505 based on the return gas temperature and pressure of the evaporator 8, and then determines the cleaning plan for the dustproof component 5 to ensure that the filter plate 505 can always play an effective air filtering role. The specific cleaning plans corresponding to the return gas temperature and pressure of the evaporator 8 are shown in Table 2.

[0061] Table 2

[0062]

[0063] As shown in Table 2, when the return gas temperature of evaporator 8 is greater than or equal to 35°C, filter plate 505 is severely clogged. Dustproof component 5 is cleaned every 60 minutes, specifically: scraper 5074 cleans 6 times, each time lasting 6 seconds; vibrator 506 vibrates 6 times, each vibration lasting 8 seconds, with a vibration force of 10 kg; electric damper 502 controls the opening and closing angle to 60 degrees to reduce the air intake and prevent excessive sand from clogging filter plate 505; electric drain louver 503 opens fully to ensure that the cleaned material can be completely discharged, achieving a comprehensive cleaning effect. When the return gas temperature is less than 23°C, filter plate 505 is not clogged; dustproof component 5 only needs to be cleaned every 140 minutes. The working status of scraper 5074, vibrator 506, electric damper 502, and electric drain louver 503 corresponds to the table above.

[0064] When the return gas pressure of evaporator 8 is greater than or equal to 0.3 MPa, filter plate 505 is severely clogged. Dustproof component 5 is cleaned every 60 minutes, specifically: scraper 5074 cleans 6 times, each time lasting 6 seconds; vibrator 506 vibrates 6 times, each vibration lasting 8 seconds, with a vibration force of 10 kg; electric damper 502 controls the opening and closing angle to 60 degrees to reduce the air intake and prevent excessive sand from clogging filter plate 505; electric drain louver 503 opens fully to ensure that the cleaned material can be completely discharged, achieving a comprehensive cleaning effect. When the return gas pressure is less than 0.16 MPa, filter plate 505 is not clogged; dustproof component 5 only needs to be cleaned every 180 minutes. The working status of scraper 5074, vibrator 506, electric damper 502, and electric drain louver 503 corresponds to the table above.

[0065] It should be noted that when either the return air temperature or the return air pressure is met, the controller 4 will activate the corresponding cleaning program: after each cleaning, the electric damper 502 will be fully opened, the electric drain louver 503 will be closed, the scraper 5074 will return to its original position, the vibrator 506 will be closed, and the dust cover 501 will be restored to normal air intake. Through daily monitoring of the return air temperature and return air pressure of the evaporator 8, the dustproof component 5 will periodically clean the filter plate 505 to ensure that it can always effectively filter the air, ensure the quality of the air entering the evaporator 8, effectively reduce the risk of wind and sand clogging the fins, and enable the evaporator 8 to operate efficiently for a long time.

[0066] In addition, the heat pump unit 1 is equipped with a second detector to monitor the external ambient temperature and humidity. The signal output terminal of the second detector is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the controller 4. The controller 4 determines the optimal defrosting scheme based on the temperature and humidity of the external environment to thoroughly clean the system. The specific defrosting schemes corresponding to the external ambient temperature and humidity are shown in Table 3.

[0067] Table 3

[0068]

[0069] As shown in Table 3, when the temperature is greater than -20℃ and the humidity is greater than 80%RH, the heat pump unit 1 will stop for defrosting once every 60 minutes of operation, with a defrosting time of 15 minutes. When the temperature is greater than -20℃ and the humidity is less than 80%RH, or when the temperature is less than -20℃ and the humidity is greater than 80%RH, the heat pump unit 1 will stop for defrosting once every 100 minutes of operation, with a defrosting time of 15 minutes. Since the heat pump unit 1 becomes colder when it "extracts" heat from the cold air during winter operation, the surface of the heat exchanger becomes colder, and the moisture in the air is more likely to freeze on the surface of the heat exchanger. Effective defrosting through short shutdowns ensures that the heat pump unit 1 can operate stably and efficiently for a long time.

[0070] This invention utilizes the synergistic effect of the dustproof component 5 and the high-pressure air supply component 3, and through the controller 4, adjusts the cleaning plan in real time according to the external environment to effectively control the airflow, filter the air, clean the dust and defrost, fundamentally solving the problem of dirt clogging on the fins of the evaporator 8.

[0071] Table 4 presents a comparative analysis of data indicators for the application of the air source heat pump of this invention and existing air source heat pumps in desert environments.

[0072] Table 4

[0073]

[0074] The following is a comparison of the winter COP analysis between existing air source heat pumps and the heat pump of this invention:

[0075] COP = Qh / P Qh: Heating capacity, P: Input power

[0076] Existing air source heat pump: COP = Qh / P = 76 / 38.2 = 1.99

[0077] The air source heat pump of this invention has a COP of 73.4 / 35.6 = 2.06.

[0078] As shown in Table 4, the standard reference range for air source heat pumps in winter temperatures below -20°C is above 1.8, which traditional air source heat pumps have not achieved. However, this invention achieves 2.1 while maintaining low energy consumption. Simultaneously, the evaporator 8 suction pressure remains at 0.30 MPa, and the inlet and outlet air temperature difference reaches 14.6°C, significantly improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat pump unit 1. The overall system power decreases from 38.2 kW to 33.6 kW; the condenser exhaust temperature also remains below 78°C, allowing the compressor to operate continuously under optimal conditions; the number of alarms on the heat pump unit 1 decreases from approximately 20 times per day to zero, ensuring long-term normal operation; the evaporator 8 fin cleaning frequency decreases from 2-6 times per month to zero; the problem of evaporator 8 clogging is fundamentally solved; and the heating capacity of the air source heat pump is improved, achieving stable heat output with reasonable energy consumption at the cost of extremely high energy consumption, enabling stable and efficient operation in the harsh environment of the desert hinterland.

[0079] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 To be continued Figure 9 The specific implementation principle of this invention is described as follows:

[0080] When the air source heat pump is working normally, the controller 4 uses an electric hydraulic rod 504 to cover the dust cover 501 on the outside of the air inlet of the evaporator 8. Outside air passes through the filter plate 505 inside the dust cover 501, reducing the content of suspended particulate matter in the air and preventing dust from clogging the fins of the evaporator 8 and affecting its overall heat exchange efficiency. Meanwhile, the external high-pressure air supply component 3 uses the wind speed monitored by the controller 4 through the anemometer 305 to determine the air quality. When the quality meets the standard, the electric damper 308 is opened, and air is supplied from all around the evaporator 8 through the air collection chamber 304 and then through the air distribution duct 7, increasing the air intake of the evaporator 8 per unit time and thus improving the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator 8.

[0081] Air source heat pumps need to be shut down for defrosting periodically. At this time, the heat pump unit 1 stops, and the fan 2 starts to rotate in reverse, allowing air to enter from the top of the housing frame and blow back onto the evaporator 8. At the same time, the high-pressure air supply component 3 adjusts according to the outside air quality. Only when the air quality meets the standard will it be blown into the fins of the evaporator 8 from all sides through the air distribution pipe 7 in the form of high-pressure air. The mud, frost and other debris attached to the fins of the evaporator 8 are quickly broken down and fall off under the combined blowing of the front, back and left and right air. Then, the dustproof component 5 is used to completely discharge the mud and frost. Specifically, the vibrator 506 vibrates the filter plate 505 at high frequency to shake off the mud and frost adhering to the filter plate 505. The scraper 5074 swings left and right to scrape the mud and frost debris on the filter plate 505. The fallen mud and frost are finally discharged from the opened electric drain louver 503.

[0082] This invention utilizes the synergistic effect of the dustproof component 5 and the high-pressure air supply component 3 to thoroughly clean the fins of the evaporator 8, fundamentally solving the problem of dirt clogging on the fins of the evaporator 8, improving the overall heat exchange efficiency of the air source heat pump, and ensuring the normal and stable operation of the equipment.

[0083] The circuit involved in this invention is controlled by a PLC controller. The PLC controller sends control signals to the motor driver in sequence according to a preset program to realize motor driving. The circuit and control involved are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0084] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An air-source heat pump for use in the hinterland of a desert, comprising a heat pump main unit (1) and an evaporator (8), wherein the heat pump main unit (1) and the evaporator (8) are fixedly installed within a housing frame; characterized in that: A fan (2) is installed on the top of the evaporator (8). The fan (2) is a reversing fan. A fin assembly is installed inside the upper part of the evaporator (8). A dustproof component (5) is installed on the frame of the box at the air inlet of the fin assembly. The dustproof assembly (5) includes a dust cover (501), a filter plate two (505) is fixedly installed inside the dust cover (501), an electric scraper unit (507) is provided on the inner wall of the dust cover (501) on both sides of the filter plate two (505) to clean the filter plate two (505), an electric damper two (502) for opening and closing the air inlet channel is provided at the front end of the dust cover (501), and an electric sewage louver (503) for sewage discharge is fixedly installed at the bottom of the dust cover (501). A high-pressure air supply assembly (3) is provided outside the heat pump host (1). The high-pressure air supply assembly (3) includes a support frame (302). A nacelle (306) is fixedly installed on the top of the support frame (302). An air intake unit (309) and an air collection chamber (304) are respectively arranged from front to back in the nacelle (306). The air intake unit (309) has an air intake port at the rear end and is connected to the air collection chamber (304). An electric damper (308) is installed at the rear end of the nacelle (306). An air inlet is provided at the rear end of the air collection chamber (304) corresponding to the electric damper (308). A filter plate (307) is installed at the air inlet. An exhaust port is provided at the bottom of the air collection chamber (304). The exhaust port is in a constricted shape. The evaporator (8) is fixedly installed around its perimeter with air distribution pipes (7), and air outlets are spaced apart on the air distribution pipes (7). The air distribution pipes (7) are connected to the air collection chamber (304) through an air supply pipe (303). The high-pressure air supply assembly (3) also includes a wind turbine (301), which is rotatably mounted on the front end of the nacelle (306); the wind turbine (301) is fixedly connected to a main shaft; the suction unit (309) includes a suction guide hood, a main shaft, and a rotating impeller; the rear end of the suction guide hood is provided with a suction port and is connected to the air collection chamber (304); the suction guide hood has a built-in rotating impeller, which is installed in the suction guide hood through the main shaft; the main shaft of the suction unit (309) and the main shaft of the wind turbine (301) are connected by a transmission unit (310).

2. The air-source heat pump for use in the hinterland of a desert according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric scraper unit (507) includes an electric swing arm (5072) and a scraper (5074); the heat pump host (1) is equipped with a controller (4) on the outside, and an anemometer (305) is installed on the top of the fan. The signal output terminal of the anemometer (305) is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the controller (4); the signal input terminal of the controller (4) is electrically connected to the signal output terminal of the electric damper (502), the signal output terminal of the electric swing arm (5072), the signal output terminal of the electric sewage louver (503), and the signal output terminal of the electric damper (308).

3. The air-source heat pump for use in the hinterland of a desert according to claim 2, characterized in that, Vibrators (506) are fixedly installed at all four corners of the filter plate (505), and the signal output terminal of the controller (4) is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the vibrator (506).

4. The air-source heat pump for use in the hinterland of the desert according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heat pump host (1) is equipped with a detector 1 for monitoring the return gas temperature and return gas pressure of the evaporator (8). The signal output terminal of the detector 1 is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the controller (4). The heat pump host (1) is equipped with a detector 2 for monitoring the external ambient temperature and humidity. The signal output terminal of the detector 2 is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the controller (4).

5. The air-source heat pump for use in the hinterland of a desert according to claim 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that, A cover frame is installed on the housing frame at the air inlet of the evaporator (8). The upper end of the dust cover (501) is hinged to the cover frame. Electric hydraulic rods (504) are installed between the dust cover (501) and the cover frame on both sides respectively. One side of the dust cover (501) is a slanted side, and an electric damper (502) is installed between the two slanted sides of the dust cover (501).

6. The air-source heat pump for use in the hinterland of a desert according to claim 5, characterized in that, The electric scraper unit (507) also includes a second mounting base (5071) and a connecting rod (5073). The second mounting base (5071) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the dust cover (501). The second mounting base (5071) is rotatably connected to the electric swing arm (5072). The other end of the electric swing arm (5072) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (5073). The scraper (5074) is fixedly installed on the connecting rod (5073) and the scraper (5074) is attached to the outer wall of the filter plate (505).

7. The air-source heat pump for use in the hinterland of a desert according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a skid-mounted base (6), on which the heat pump unit (1), evaporator (8), and support frame (302) are fixed.

8. The air-source heat pump for use in the hinterland of a desert according to claim 1, 2, 4, 6, or 7, characterized in that, The fin assembly of the evaporator (8) includes copper tubes and copper fins. The copper fins are arranged in two rows, with a spacing of 3 to 4 mm between them. The diameter of the copper tube is 9 mm.

9. The air-source heat pump for use in the hinterland of a desert according to claim 8, characterized in that, The filter plate 2 (505) has square perforations evenly distributed on it, with a side length of 8-12mm.

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