A wireless signal optimization method for tire pressure information data transmission

Abstract

This application relates to a wireless signal optimization method for tire pressure information data transmission, comprising the following steps: a sensor node initiates a relay transmission mode based on link quality judgment, selects a relay node through a micro-routing protocol, and forwards data packets to a distributed slot antenna formed by coupling through vehicle body gaps via neighboring nodes; a central signal aggregator fuses the data received from multiple paths to reconstruct the complete tire pressure data stream. This application achieves reliable and continuous transmission of tire pressure signals under extreme obstruction environments, while also meeting the requirements of low power consumption and real-time performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tire pressure information data processing, and in particular to a method for optimizing wireless signals for tire pressure information data transmission. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, tire pressure monitoring systems (TPMS) commonly employ wireless transmission technology. Their typical architecture involves a star network connecting each tire sensor node to the vehicle's central receiver, transmitting data directly via a preset frequency band. To address static obstructions or interference, existing technologies primarily attempt to restore communication through signal retransmission, power adjustment, or simple frequency switching.

[0003] However, the aforementioned methods have inherent limitations when dealing with special vehicles such as construction machinery and heavy trucks. During operation, the large components of these vehicles, such as their metal booms and rotating platforms, can cause dynamic and random signal obstruction, completely disrupting the direct line-of-sight link between the sensors and the central receiver. Existing retry and optimization mechanisms become completely ineffective in this scenario, leading to continuous loss of tire pressure data at critical moments, failing to meet the real-time and reliability requirements of safety monitoring.

[0004] To address the data transmission interruption problem caused by dynamic occlusion, this invention proposes a wireless signal optimization method for tire pressure information data transmission. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a method for optimizing wireless signals used in tire pressure information data transmission, employing the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for optimizing wireless signals for tire pressure information data transmission includes the following steps:

[0007] S1. Multiple tire pressure monitoring sensor nodes form a self-organizing network node. Each sensor node has a built-in ultra-low power wireless communication module, and each sensor node and the slot antenna are allocated communication time slots in a time-division multiplexing manner.

[0008] S2. Utilizing the inherent gaps in the vehicle's metal structure, multiple distributed slot antennas are formed by coupling with the gaps via a coupling circuit, and all of the multiple slot antennas are electrically connected to a central signal aggregator;

[0009] S3. Any sensor node determines the quality of its direct transmission link with all slot antennas based on the received signal strength indication value or the data packet reception success rate. When the link quality is lower than a first threshold, a relay transmission mode is initiated: the sensor node sends its own tire pressure data packet to one or more neighboring sensor nodes.

[0010] S4. The neighboring sensor node that receives the tire pressure data packet forwards the data packet to the slot antenna with the best link quality in its allocated communication time slot within its time slot.

[0011] S5. The central signal aggregator performs deduplication, timing sorting, and integrity verification on data packets received from the same sensor node through different slot antennas, and restores a complete and time-consistent tire pressure data stream.

[0012] Preferably, in the relay transmission mode, a micro-routing protocol is used, and the micro-routing protocol limits the maximum number of forwarding hops of data packets to 2 hops.

[0013] Preferably, the micro-routing protocol selects relay nodes based on a weighted decision value, which is a weighted sum of the following two parameters: the received signal strength indication value to the candidate node and the remaining power of the candidate node.

[0014] Preferably, the sensor node periodically broadcasts a beacon frame containing its own identity, remaining power, and direct link status; each sensor node maintains a dynamic neighbor topology table based on the received beacon frames, the neighbor topology table recording currently reachable neighbor sensor nodes and slot antenna information.

[0015] Preferably, the coupling circuit is a resonant circuit comprising a patch antenna element and a varactor diode, wherein the resonant frequency is dynamically adjustable within the frequency band of 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz by applying a tuning voltage of 0-3V to the varactor diode.

[0016] Preferably, the slot antenna is installed at the door hinge seam, taillight mounting seam, or hood seam, and the patch antenna unit in the coupling circuit is fixed at a position 3-5 mm away from the slot opening by dielectric sealant.

[0017] Preferably, the criterion for determining that the link quality is lower than the first threshold in step S3 is: no acknowledgment response is received from the central signal aggregator after N consecutive data packets are sent, where N is an integer from 2 to 5.

[0018] Preferably, in step S3, the sensor node divides the regular tire pressure data into 2-4 data segments, and each data segment is transmitted through a different relay path; if it is an emergency data packet of abnormal tire pressure, it is not segmented and is transmitted by occupying the communication time slot first.

[0019] Preferably, the central signal aggregator has a built-in global radio wave regulation database, obtains the real-time location of the vehicle through the vehicle positioning module, and dynamically allocates communication frequency bands and transmission power that comply with the current regional regulations for the ultra-low power wireless communication module and the slot antenna.

[0020] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0021] 1. This solution pioneers a dynamic redundant transmission path, eradicating the persistent problem of signal obstruction. By constructing tire sensor nodes into a self-organizing network with relay capabilities and innovatively utilizing vehicle body gaps to form a distributed receiving array, this solution creates multiple usable signal transmission paths at the physical layer. When a direct path is interrupted by dynamic obstruction (such as the rotation of a construction machinery boom), data can automatically be relayed through neighboring nodes and delivered via the optimal slot antenna. This completely changes the passive situation of traditional star topologies where obstruction leads to interruption, achieving a qualitative leap from being unable to transmit to transmitting via a detour.

[0022] 2. Achieving an intelligent balance between low power consumption, high real-time performance, and high reliability. The micro-routing protocol, weighted relay decision algorithm, and data fragmentation transmission strategy in this solution work together to achieve on-demand optimized resource allocation. The protocol limit to two hops strictly controls latency and complexity; multi-factor weighted decision-making ensures the overall optimality of the relay path; and the differentiated strategy of prioritizing regular data fragmentation and emergency data transmission improves transmission reliability while ensuring extremely low latency for safety-critical information. This systematic design ensures the real-time performance and reliability of tire pressure monitoring even under complex electromagnetic environments and stringent energy consumption constraints.

[0023] 3. The hardware and vehicle body are deeply integrated, achieving both high performance and high applicability. The proposed slot antenna solution activates the inherent slots in the vehicle body into a high-performance antenna through a coupling circuit, eliminating the need for an external antenna and maintaining the vehicle's aesthetics and integrity. It particularly solves the problem of limited installation space in special vehicles. The introduction of electrical tuning functionality allows the antenna to dynamically avoid interference. This hardware innovation, which transforms structural defects into communication assets, achieves excellent RF performance while possessing excellent engineering applicability and environmental robustness.

[0024] 4. It ensures eventual consistency of the data stream and provides a stable logical interface. The core data fusion algorithm of the central signal aggregator (deduplication, sorting, and integrity verification) can completely, accurately, and sequentially restore the turbulent data streams received from multiple asynchronous and potentially duplicated physical paths into a single, reliable data stream. This shields the system from all the complexity and instability of the underlying transmission paths, presenting a stable, continuous, and reliable data interface to vehicle instruments or advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), which is key to improving the availability of the entire tire pressure monitoring system. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of a three-layer anti-interference transmission system in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 2This is a flowchart of a method for optimizing wireless signals for tire pressure information data transmission according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the beacon frame format in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application will be described in further detail.

[0029] This application discloses a wireless signal optimization method for tire pressure information data transmission. Its core lies in constructing a three-layer anti-blocking transmission system that works in concert with a tire sensor node network, a vehicle body gap antenna array, and a central signal aggregator to solve the communication interruption problem caused by dynamic random blockage.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 The three-layer anti-interference transmission system includes:

[0031] Multiple tire pressure monitoring sensor nodes: each is installed in one of the vehicle's tires (including the spare tire), responsible for collecting information such as tire pressure and temperature, and acting as self-organizing network nodes with data relay capabilities.

[0032] Multiple distributed slot antennas: These are formed by activating the inherent slots in the metal structure of the vehicle body through a coupling circuit and distributed at different locations on the vehicle body.

[0033] Central signal aggregator: Installed inside the vehicle, it is electrically connected to all slot antennas via cables and is responsible for coordinating communication, processing data, and outputting the final tire pressure information stream.

[0034] Reference Figure 2 A method for optimizing wireless signals for tire pressure information data transmission, comprising the following steps:

[0035] S1. Network Initialization and Neighbor Discovery: Multiple tire pressure monitoring sensor nodes form an ad hoc network. Each sensor node has a built-in ultra-low power wireless communication module, and each sensor node and the slot antenna are allocated communication time slots using time division multiplexing. The sensor nodes periodically broadcast beacon frames containing their own identity, remaining power, and direct link status. Each sensor node maintains a dynamic neighbor topology table based on the received beacon frames. The neighbor topology table is updated every 30ms, recording the currently reachable neighbor sensor nodes and slot antenna information.

[0036] S2. Construction and Tuning of the Slot Antenna Array: Utilizing the inherent slots in the vehicle's metal structure, multiple distributed slot antennas are formed by coupling with these slots via a coupling circuit. All slot antennas are electrically connected to a central signal aggregator. The coupling circuit is a resonant circuit comprising patch antenna elements and varactor diodes. By applying a tuning voltage of 0-3V to the varactor diodes, their resonant frequency is dynamically adjustable within the frequency band of 3.1GHz to 10.6GHz. The slot antennas are deployed at door hinge seams, taillight mounting seams, or hood seams, and the patch antenna elements in the coupling circuit are fixed 3-5 mm from the slot opening using dielectric sealant.

[0037] S3. Link Quality Judgment and Intelligent Relay Transmission: Based on the received signal strength indicator or data packet reception success rate, any sensor node determines the quality of its direct transmission link with all slot antennas. When the link quality is lower than a first threshold, a relay transmission mode is initiated: the sensor node sends its own tire pressure data packet to one or more neighboring sensor nodes. In the relay transmission mode, a micro-routing protocol is used, and the micro-routing protocol limits the maximum number of forwarding hops of data packets to 2 hops. The micro-routing protocol selects a relay node based on a weighted decision value, which is the weighted sum of the following two parameters: the received signal strength indicator to the candidate node and the remaining battery power of the candidate node.

[0038] S4. Data packet forwarding: The neighboring sensor node that receives the tire pressure data packet forwards the data packet to the slot antenna with the best link quality in its allocated communication time slot within its time slot.

[0039] S5. Data Aggregation and Restoration: The central signal aggregator performs deduplication, timing sorting, and integrity verification on data packets received from the same sensor node through different slot antennas, restoring a complete and time-consistent tire pressure data stream.

[0040] Through the coordinated steps S1 to S5 described above, the three-layer anti-blocking transmission system constructed by this method achieves the following core beneficial effects: First, by combining the self-organizing network of tire nodes with the slot antenna array, a dynamic redundant transmission path is created, fundamentally solving the problem of inevitable interruption of traditional star topologies under dynamic blockage, enabling signal transmission to actively detour instead of being left to chance. Second, the lightweight micro-routing protocol and intelligent relay mechanism achieve rapid and optimal switching of transmission paths in blockage scenarios while ensuring extremely low power consumption and low latency. Finally, the data fusion processing of the central signal aggregator ensures the eventual consistency and integrity of multi-path, asynchronously arriving data, providing a stable and reliable data stream for upper-layer applications.

[0041] The following is combined Figure 2The flowchart shown below provides a detailed explanation of the implementation of this method.

[0042] Step S1, network initialization and neighbor discovery, specifically involves:

[0043] Multiple tire pressure monitoring sensor nodes form a self-organizing network. Each sensor node has a built-in ultra-low power wireless communication module, preferably a UWB (Ultra-Wideband) chip based on the IEEE 802.15.4 protocol stack, operating in the 3.1GHz to 10.6GHz frequency band. Ultra-low power consumption is achieved through a sleep-wake mechanism and a simplified data frame format. Communication resources are allocated using time-division multiplexing. In this embodiment, a complete communication cycle (e.g., 100ms) is divided into multiple fixed-length time slots. The central signal aggregator, acting as the network master node, periodically broadcasts a synchronization beacon containing absolute time information. All sensor nodes and slot antennas synchronize their clocks accordingly and transmit within their pre-allocated dedicated time slots to avoid collisions.

[0044] To further support dynamic routing, each sensor node periodically broadcasts beacon frames. The specific format of this beacon frame includes, but is not limited to, the following fields: a 2-byte self-identification (e.g., tire position ID), a 1-byte remaining battery percentage, and a 1-byte direct link status bitmap (each bit indicating whether a direct link with a preset slot antenna is reachable). Each node dynamically maintains a neighbor topology table based on the received beacon frames. This table records: the neighbor sensor node's ID, the RSSI value of the most recent beacon received from that neighbor, a timestamp, and a list of slot antennas that the neighbor reported in the beacon that it can directly connect to. This table forms the basis for subsequent relay decisions and maintains only one-hop neighbor information, ensuring the protocol's lightweight nature.

[0045] Reference Figure 3 For example, the beacon frame in this embodiment includes the following fields:

[0046] 1. Preamble (2 bytes): Used for communication synchronization, using a fixed sequence (such as 0x55AA) to achieve clock alignment at the receiving end;

[0047] 2. Frame type (1 byte): Identifies the packet type. In this embodiment, 0x01 represents a beacon frame, and 0x02 represents a tire pressure data packet.

[0048] 3. Source Node ID (2 bytes): Uniquely identifies the sensor node (e.g., the ID of the left front wheel is 0x01);

[0049] 4. Remaining power (1 byte): A percentage quantification of the remaining battery power of the sensor node (0-100%).

[0050] 5. Direct Link Status Bitmap (1 byte): 8 bits, each bit corresponding to the direct link reachability status of a preset slot antenna (1 = reachable, 0 = unreachable).

[0051] 6. Checksum (2 bytes): A checksum calculated using the CRC16 algorithm, used to verify the integrity of the beacon frame data.

[0052] This step introduces time-division multiplexing access based on fixed time slots and a periodic lightweight neighbor discovery protocol. With extremely low communication overhead, this step establishes and maintains a real-time, accurate local network view (neighbor topology table) for each sensor node. This provides crucial foundational data for subsequent relay decisions, ensuring the entire ad hoc network operates in an orderly, low-collision environment. It avoids the complex route discovery process of traditional ad-hoc networks, making it particularly suitable for scenarios like TPMS with few nodes and a relatively fixed topology.

[0053] Step S2, the construction and tuning of the slot antenna array, specifically involves:

[0054] Utilizing the inherent gaps in the vehicle's metal structure, multiple distributed slot antennas are formed by coupling with these gaps via a coupling circuit. The core of this coupling circuit is a resonant circuit comprising a patch antenna element and a varactor diode. The patch antenna element, acting as the radiator, is sized according to the target center frequency. The varactor diode (e.g., SMV1234) is connected in parallel at the patch feed point, and its junction capacitance is adjusted to change the resonant frequency. The patch antenna impedance is matched to 50Ω using a 0.5pF capacitor.

[0055] The tuning voltage range for the resonant frequency is 0-3V, corresponding to an operating frequency band of 3.1GHz to 10.6GHz. Experimental calibration shows the following relationship between the tuning voltage and the center frequency: approximately 3.5GHz at 0V, approximately 4.3GHz at 1.5V, and approximately 6.0GHz at 3V. The central signal aggregator selects the optimal voltage point based on this relationship and channel scanning results. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the tuning voltage is set to 1.5V, at which point the resonant frequency is 4.3GHz. The central signal aggregator can dynamically adjust the voltage applied to the varactor diode based on channel scanning results or a preset strategy, thereby switching the slot antenna's operating frequency to the sub-band with the least interference, achieving dynamic interference avoidance.

[0056] The slot antenna is preferably deployed in structurally stable and appropriately sized locations such as door hinge seams, taillight mounting seams, or hood seams. During installation, the patch antenna unit is fixed to a position 3-5 mm from the slot opening using a high-dielectric-constant, low-loss dielectric sealant. In this embodiment, a distance of 4 mm is preferred. This position effectively utilizes the waveguide effect of the slot, enhancing electromagnetic coupling efficiency. Before installation, the inner wall of the slot must be cleaned, sealant applied, and the patch antenna unit pressed in. After curing, an integrated structure combining electrical coupling, mechanical fixation, and waterproof sealing is formed.

[0057] This step transforms structural defects (gaps) in the vehicle body into communication assets (antennas). Through precise coupling circuit design, the slotted antenna achieves electrical tuning capability, enabling it to dynamically adapt to the optimal operating frequency to avoid interference. This solution eliminates the need for an additional protruding antenna on the exterior of the vehicle, maintaining the vehicle's aesthetics and integrity, and particularly addresses the pain point of engineering vehicles having nowhere to install traditional external antennas. Simultaneously, the fixed installation location and sealing process ensure long-term stability of antenna performance and environmental reliability.

[0058] Step S3, link quality assessment and intelligent relay transmission, specifically involves:

[0059] Each sensor node evaluates the quality of its direct transmission link with all slot antennas in real time. The evaluation can be based on the received signal strength indicator or the packet reception success rate. For example, a node can calculate a comprehensive link quality index LQI = 0.7 * (RSSI_norm) + 0.3 * (PRR), where RSSI_norm is the normalized signal strength and PRR is the recent packet reception success rate.

[0060] When the link quality is determined to be below a first threshold, relay transmission mode is initiated. A specific criterion for determining that the link quality is below the first threshold is that N consecutive data packets sent fail to receive an acknowledgment response from the central signal aggregator. Here, N is an integer from 2 to 5. In this embodiment, N=3 is set, meaning that after three consecutive failed transmissions, a direct link interruption is determined, triggering relay. When real-time performance requirements are extremely high, N=2 can be set to initiate relay faster; when it is necessary to avoid false triggering due to momentary interference, N=5 can be set to improve the stability of the determination.

[0061] After relaying is initiated, the source sensor node selects a relay node according to the micro-routing protocol. This protocol strictly limits the maximum number of hops a data packet can forward to 2 hops (i.e., at most one relay) to control transmission delay and network complexity. The micro-routing protocol selects a relay node based on a weighted decision value. This weighted decision value is a weighted sum of two parameters: the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) to the candidate node and the remaining battery power of the candidate node. An exemplary calculation formula is: Score = W_rssi * (RSSI_candidate / RSSI_max) + W_batt * (Battery_candidate / 100). The weighting coefficients W_rssi and W_batt can be adjusted according to the strategy, selecting the candidate node with the highest weighted score as the relay node.

[0062] Before data transmission, the source node processes the data. For routine tire pressure data, it can be divided into 2-4 data fragments. In this embodiment, it is preferred to divide it into 3 fragments. Each fragment carries the same sequence number and a different fragment number, and is then transmitted via different relay paths by selecting different relay nodes (or different forwarding time slots of the same node), utilizing path diversity to improve reliability. If it is an emergency data packet for abnormal tire pressure, it is not fragmented, and the highest priority is set at the protocol level, allowing it to occupy or temporarily requisition communication time slots for transmission, ensuring minimal latency.

[0063] The effectiveness of this step is reflected in three layers: First, a precise link quality assessment and threshold triggering mechanism avoids erroneous handovers caused by instantaneous signal fluctuations, ensuring the accuracy and timeliness of relay initiation. Second, a multi-factor weighted relay node selection algorithm comprehensively balances link quality, node energy consumption, and path efficiency, achieving optimal or near-optimal path selection in dynamic environments, rather than random or fixed relays. Third, a strategy of regular data fragmentation and priority transmission of emergency data improves data reliability while ensuring the real-time transmission of security-critical information. These three mechanisms work together to achieve the optimal balance between power consumption, reliability, and real-time performance.

[0064] Step S4, packet forwarding, specifically involves:

[0065] Upon receiving a tire pressure data packet (or fragments), the neighboring sensor node performs a forwarding operation within its allocated communication time slot. It queries its maintained neighbor topology table and selects the slot antenna with the best link quality within its time slot as the target for forwarding. The best link quality can be simply determined by comparing the RSSI of the most recent broadcast signals received by the node from each slot antenna and selecting the one with the highest RSSI.

[0066] This step is the final execution stage before data arrives along the new path. Its effect is that each relay node independently and quickly makes the best forwarding decision based on its latest local channel state information (neighbor topology table). This distributed decision-making mechanism avoids dependence on a central controller, reduces system complexity and the risk of single points of failure, and can quickly adapt to local changes in link quality.

[0067] Step S5, data aggregation and restoration, specifically involves:

[0068] The central signal aggregator receives data packets, potentially from multiple paths and originating from the same sensor node, via connected slot antennas. Core processing is then performed.

[0069] Deduplication: Identify and discard duplicate packets based on the unique identifier in the data packet (such as source node ID + global sequence number).

[0070] Sequence ordering: For fragmented data or out-of-order data packets, the packets are reordered in the buffer based on the sequence number and fragment sequence number information within the packet.

[0071] Integrity verification: Checks whether all fragments of data with a specific serial number have been received; performs checksum verification (such as CRC32) on the reassembled complete data packet. After passing the verification, a complete and time-consistent tire pressure data stream is restored and provided to the vehicle's instrument panel or safety system.

[0072] This step is the last line of defense to ensure the final availability of data. Its effect lies in restoring a clean, orderly, and reliable tire pressure data stream from the chaotic flow of original data packets arriving from multiple paths, potentially duplicated, and out of order, through a series of standardized but crucial processing steps including deduplication, sorting, and integrity verification. This shields the complexity of the underlying transmission paths, presenting a stable and continuous logical interface to upper-layer applications, which is key to achieving a seamless, uninterrupted user experience.

[0073] Furthermore, the central signal aggregator can incorporate a global radio regulations database, containing regulations from various countries / regions regarding frequency bands and power restrictions for wireless devices. The aggregator obtains the vehicle's real-time location via an onboard positioning module (such as GPS), queries the database, and dynamically allocates communication frequency bands and transmission power compliant with current regional regulations for the ultra-low power wireless communication module and slot antenna. For example, when traveling from China to Japan, the system can automatically switch the operating frequency band from the Chinese standard to a designated frequency point under the Japanese Radio Law (ARIB) standard, ensuring continuous compliance and uninterrupted communication during cross-border travel. This function transforms wireless transmission compliance from a factory preset to an online guarantee, dynamically adjusting frequency bands and power to ensure the continuous legality and reliability of TPMS signals when the vehicle is traveling globally, expanding the product's international market applicability.

[0074] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on these embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still combine, add, delete, or otherwise adjust the features of the various embodiments of the present invention according to the circumstances without conflict or creative effort, thereby obtaining different technical solutions that do not fundamentally depart from the concept of the present invention. These technical solutions also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing wireless signals for tire pressure information data transmission, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Multiple tire pressure monitoring sensor nodes constitute a self-organizing network node. Each sensor node has a built-in ultra-low power wireless communication module, and each sensor node and the slot antenna are allocated communication time slots in a time-division multiplexing manner. S2. Utilizing the inherent gaps in the metal structure of the vehicle body, multiple distributed slot antennas are formed by coupling with the gaps through a coupling circuit. All of the multiple slot antennas are electrically connected to the central signal aggregator. S3. Any sensor node determines the quality of its direct transmission link with all slot antennas based on the received signal strength indication value or the data packet reception success rate. When the link quality is lower than a first threshold, a relay transmission mode is initiated: the sensor node sends its own tire pressure data packet to one or more neighboring sensor nodes. S4. The neighboring sensor node that receives the tire pressure data packet forwards the data packet to the slot antenna with the best link quality in its allocated communication time slot within its time slot. S5. The central signal aggregator performs deduplication, timing sorting, and integrity verification on data packets received from the same sensor node through different slot antennas, and restores a complete and time-consistent tire pressure data stream.

2. The wireless signal optimization method for tire pressure information data transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the relay transmission mode, a micro-routing protocol is used, and the micro-routing protocol limits the maximum number of hops for data packets to 2.

3. The wireless signal optimization method for tire pressure information data transmission according to claim 2, characterized in that, The micro-routing protocol selects relay nodes based on a weighted decision value, which is a weighted sum of the following two parameters: the received signal strength indication value to the candidate node and the remaining power of the candidate node.

4. The wireless signal optimization method for tire pressure information data transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor nodes periodically broadcast beacon frames containing their own identity, remaining power, and direct link status. Each sensor node maintains a dynamic neighbor topology table based on the received beacon frames. The neighbor topology table records currently reachable neighbor sensor nodes and slot antenna information.

5. The wireless signal optimization method for tire pressure information data transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coupling circuit is a resonant circuit that includes a patch antenna element and a varactor diode. By applying a tuning voltage of 0-3V to the varactor diode, its resonant frequency can be dynamically adjusted within the frequency band of 3.1GHz to 10.6GHz.

6. The wireless signal optimization method for tire pressure information data transmission according to claim 5, characterized in that, The slot antenna is deployed at the door hinge seam, taillight mounting seam, or hood seam, and the patch antenna unit in the coupling circuit is fixed at a position 3-5 mm away from the slot opening by dielectric sealant.

7. The wireless signal optimization method for tire pressure information data transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The criterion for determining that the link quality is lower than the first threshold in step S3 is: no acknowledgment response is received from the central signal aggregator after N consecutive data packets are sent, where N is an integer from 2 to 5.

8. The wireless signal optimization method for tire pressure information data transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the sensor node divides the regular tire pressure data into 2-4 data segments, and each data segment is transmitted through a different relay path; if it is an emergency data packet of abnormal tire pressure, it is not segmented and is transmitted by occupying the communication time slot first.

9. The wireless signal optimization method for tire pressure information data transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central signal aggregator has a built-in global radio regulation database and obtains the real-time location of the vehicle through the vehicle positioning module. It then dynamically allocates communication frequency bands and transmission power that comply with the current regional regulations to the ultra-low power wireless communication module and the slot antenna.

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