Random access channel techniques for subscriber identity modules

Abstract

Techniques for random access channel techniques are described herein. An example method may include processing information indicating a first transmit power for transmitting a first random access channel (RACH) preamble to a base station, the first RACH preamble associated with a first subscriber identity module (SIM) of a device. The method may also include determining whether to transmit a second RACH preamble using a second transmit power or to use an initial transmit power, the second RACH preamble associated with a second SIM of the device, the second transmit power based on the first transmit power, and the initial transmit power based on a path loss estimate associated with the second SIM. The method may also include determining to transmit a second RACH preamble to the base station using a second transmit power based on processing the information.

Description

[0001] Cross Reference to Related Applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 896,106, entitled “RANDOM ACCESS CHANNEL TECHNIQUES FOR SUBSCRIBER IDENTITY MODULE,” filed September 25, 2024, which claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 271, 1 10, entitled “RANDOM ACCESS CHANNEL TECHNIQUES FOR SUBSCRIBER IDENTITY MODULE,” filed October 18, 2022, which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety for all purposes. BACKGROUND

[0003] Cellular communication can be defined in various standards to enable communication between user equipment and a cellular network. For example, Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks and Fifth Generation mobile networks (5G) are wireless standards that aim to improve data transmission speed, reliability, availability, and the like. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0004] Figure 1 is an illustration of an example environment for multi-subscriber identity module (SIM) random access channel (RACH) in accordance with one or more embodiments.

[0005] Figure 2 is an illustration of an example environment for a shared cell in accordance with one or more embodiments.

[0006] Figure 3 is an illustration of an example environment for a shared base station in accordance with one or more embodiments.

[0007] Figure 4 is an illustration of an example process for determining transmit power for a multi-SIM device in accordance with one or more embodiments.

[0008] Figure 5 is an illustration of an example process for determining transmit power between two devices in accordance with one or more embodiments.

[0009] Figure 6 is an illustration of an example data scenario in accordance with one or more embodiments.

[0010] Figure 7 is an illustration of an example data scenario in accordance with one or more embodiments.

[0011] Figure 8 is an illustration of an example environment for device-to-device assistance in accordance with one or more embodiments.

[0012] Figure 9 is an illustration of an example environment for device-to-device communication in accordance with one or more embodiments.

[0013] Figure 10 is an illustration of an example user interface in accordance with one or more embodiments.

[0014] Figure 11 is an illustration of an example user interface in accordance with one or more embodiments.

[0015] Figure 12 is an illustration of an example user interface in accordance with one or more embodiments.

[0016] Figure 13 is an illustration of an example of a receiving component in accordance with some embodiments.

[0017] Figure 14 is an illustration of an example of a user equipment (UE) in accordance with some embodiments.

[0018] Figure 15 is an illustration of an example of a network node in accordance with some embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] A user equipment (UE) can use a random access channel (RACH) procedure to establish a connection with a network, request resources from the network, and synchronize timing with the network. The UE can transmit a preamble to a base station over a RACH resource to request access to the network. If the UE does not receive a response, the UE can increase the transmit power and reattempt to transmit the RACH preamble to the base station. If the UE again does not receive a response, the UE can continue to increase the transmit power and retransmit the RACH preamble step by step until a maximum transmit power is reached. Assuming the RACH preamble transmission is successful at some transmit power, the base station can transmit a RACH response back to enable the UE to connect to the network.

[0020] In some cases, a UE can be a multi-subscriber identity module (SIM) device that can use multiple SIMs. The operation of one SIM can impact the operation of another SIM. For example, in a single receive (SR)-dual SIM dual standby (DSDR) or dual receive (DR-DSDR) scenario, a transmission or reception activity on one SIM can pause an ongoing activity on another SIM due to the SIMs having to share resources. In cases where one SIM has to transmit data, the activity of the other SIM is throttled because the UE cannot transmit on one SIM and simultaneously transmit or receive on the other SIM. This can increase the latency when the UE performs different operations for different SIMs.

[0021] One challenge faced by multi-SIM devices is that each SIM can use the same initial transmit power to transmit an initial RACH preamble. For example, a UE transmits an initial RACH preamble with respect to a first SIM at an initial transmit power (e.g., 4 decibel-milliwatts (dBm)). The initial RACH preamble is unsuccessful, and the UE incrementally increases the power until the RACH procedure is successful. Later, if the UE needs to perform another RACH procedure with respect to a second SIM, the UE again transmits an initial RACH preamble at the same initial transmit power. Given that the UE transmitted the RACH preamble with respect to the first SIM at the initial transmit power was unsuccessful, and given that the two SIMs are co-located (e.g., there is the same or substantially similar propagation path between them and the base station), it is likely that the UE will not be successful transmitting the RACH preamble with respect to the second SIM at the initial transmit power. The UE will incrementally increase the transmit power for each successive RACH preamble until successful. The time taken to incrementally increase the transmit power with respect to the second SIM can increase the total latency of the UE.

[0022] Embodiments herein address the above problem by describing techniques for a UE to use information determined from a RACH procedure with respect to a first SIM for a RACH procedure with respect to a second SIM. Specifically, the UE can determine the transmit power used for a successful RACH preamble transmission with respect to the first SIM. In the case that the second SIM is to connect with the network, the UE can use this transmit power to determine a starting transmit power for transmitting a RACH preamble with respect to the second SIM. Thus, the UE can use this information to skip one or more steps of incremental increases in transmit power and transmit the RACH preamble with respect to the second SIM at a transmit power based on the successful transmit power with respect to the first SIM.

[0023] For clarity, various embodiments are described with two SIMs of the same UE. The SIMs can be considered co-located. However, embodiments are not so limited. For example, embodiments similarly and equivalently apply to multiple SIMs of the same UE. Likewise, embodiments similarly apply to two or more devices that are co-located (where any of these devices can include one or more SIMs). Co-located can include having the same or substantially similar propagation paths to a base station. Substantially similar can be defined in a technical specification and can be quantified by using channel response, transmit power, receive power, propagation delay, line of sight, Doppler effect, and / or other radio frequency (RF) characteristics. Additionally or alternatively, when two devices are co-located (e.g., within a predefined threshold distance (e.g., ten feet) of each other) and use similar RF channel properties (e.g., same radio access technology (RAT) and same frequency band or bands within a predefined frequency range of each other), the propagation paths can be assumed to be substantially similar or the same. When devices are co-located, a first transmit power used by one device for successful RACH can be determined. A second transmit power to be used by the other co-located device for its RACH transmissions can be based on the first transmit power.

[0024] The following detailed description references the drawings. Like numerals can be used to denote like elements throughout the various drawings. In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth such as particular structures, architectures, interfaces, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the various aspects of various embodiments. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure that the various aspects of various embodiments can be practiced in other examples that depart from these specific details. In certain instances, descriptions of well-known devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of various embodiments with unnecessary detail. For the purposes of the present document, the phrase “A or B” means (A), (B), or (A and B); and the phrase “based on A” means “based at least in part on A,” e.g., it can be “based on A only,” or it can be “based on A and B.”

[0025] The following is a glossary of terms that can be used in the present disclosure.

[0026] As used herein, the term “circuitry” refers to, is part of, or includes: hardware components such as an electronic circuit, a logic circuit, a processor (shared, dedicated, or group) or memory (shared, dedicated, or group), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable device (FPD) (for example, a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic device (PLD), a complex PLD (CPLD), a high-capacity PLD (HCPLD), a structured ASIC, or a programmable system-on-a-chip (SoC)), or a digital signal processor (DSP) and the like, that are configured to provide the described functionality. In some embodiments, circuitry can execute one or more software or firmware programs to provide at least some of the described functionality. The term “circuitry” can also refer to a combination of one or more hardware elements (or a combination of circuits used in electrical or electronic systems) with the program code used to carry out the functionality of the program code. In these embodiments, the combination of hardware elements and program code can be referred to as a particular type of circuitry.

[0027] As used herein, the term “processor circuitry” refers to, is part of, or includes circuitry capable of sequentially and automatically carrying out a sequence of arithmetic or logical operations, or recording, storing, or transferring digital data. The term “processor circuitry” can refer to an application processor, a baseband processor, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit, a single-core processor, a dual-core processor, a triple-core processor, a quad-core processor, or any other device that is capable of executing or otherwise operating computer-executable instructions such as program code, software modules, and / or functional processes.

[0028] As used herein, the term “user equipment” or “UE” refers to a device with radio communication capabilities and can describe a remote user of network resources in a communication network. Further, the terms “user equipment” or “UE” can be considered synonymous, and can be referred to as a client, mobile, mobile device, mobile terminal, user terminal, mobile unit, mobile station, mobile user, subscriber, user, remote station, access agent, user agent, receiver, radio equipment, reconfigurable radio equipment, reconfigurable mobile device, etc. Moreover, the terms “user equipment” or “UE” can include any type of wireless / wired device or any computing device including a wireless communication interface.

[0029] As used herein, the term “base station” refers to a device with radio communication capabilities that is a network component of a communication network (or more succinctly, a network) and can be configured as an access node in a communication network. Access by a UE to a communication network can be managed at least in part by a base station, whereby the UE connects with the base station to access the communication network. Depending on the radio access technology (RAT), a base station can be referred to as a gNodeB (gNB), an eNodeB (eNB), an access point, etc.

[0030] As used herein, the term "network" refers to a communication network including a set of network nodes configured to provide communication functionality to a plurality of user equipment via one or more base stations. For example, the network can be a public land mobile network (PLMN) implementing one or more communication technologies, including, for example, 5G communications.

[0031] The term "connected" can mean that two or more elements have an established signaling relationship with each other over a communication channel, link, interface, or reference point at a common communication protocol layer.

[0032] Figure 1 is an illustration of an example environment for multi-SIM RACH in accordance with one or more embodiments. User equipment (UE) 102 can include a first subscriber identity module (SIM) 104 (e.g., a default data subscriber (DDS)) and a second SIM 106 (e.g., a non- DDS (nDDS)). Each of the first SIM 104 and the second SIM 106 can be used for identification of a user account, authentication of the user account, and storage of information, for example. The first SIM 1104 and the second SIM 106 can be associated with the same network or different networks. It should be understood that although the first SIM 104 and the second SIM are separate in Figure 1 , the UE 102 can store the first SIM 104 and the second SIM 106 simultaneously.

[0033] As indicated above, the UE 102 can use the first SIM 104 to perform a RACH procedure. The UE 102 can determine a starting power for transmitting a first RACH preamble. For example, the network can transmit, via a base station 108, a system information block (SIB) including parameters to be used in the RACH procedure. The UE 102 can also estimate a path loss of a signal from the base station 108. For example, the UE 102 can estimate the path loss based on a reference signal (RS). As an example, in Figure 1 , the starting transmit power for the first RACH preamble (RACH 1) is 4 dBm.

[0034] In some instances, the first RACH preamble transmission is unsuccessful. For example, the UE 102 can not process a RACH response message from the base station 108. In these instances, the UE 102 can incrementally increase the transmit power for subsequent RACH preamble messages in an increasing manner. The UE 102 can be configured by the network with a step for determining the incremental increase in power transmission. An example formula includes:

[0035] P_MsgA = P_PUSCH + P_PRACH + n*(P_ramping), (1)

[0036] where P_MsgA value is a transmit power; P_PUSCH value is a function of a physical resource block (PRB) value, a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) value, and a path loss value; P PRACH value is a function of a network parameter and a path loss value; n is a number of previous RACH preamble transmission attempts, and P ramping value is an incremental transmit power increase.

[0037] As Figure 1 illustrated, the UE 102 can determine to increase each subsequent RACH preamble transmission attempt by 2 dBm in an incremental manner. The UE 102 can continue to increase the transmit power for subsequent RACH preamble transmissions until successful. For example, the UE 102 can continue to increase the transmit power until it processes a RACH response message from the base station 108. For example, in Figure 1 , the UE 102 increases the transmit power in an incremental manner to 16 dBm before successful.

[0038] After a successful transmission of a RACH preamble using information from the first SIM 104, the UE 102 can use information from the second SIM 106 to transmit a RACH preamble. In a conventional multi-SIM device, the UE 102 can perform the same steps to determine a starting transmit power as used in connection with the first SIM 104. The two SIMs are in the same device, and the path loss estimate can result in the same value for the second SIM 106 as for the first SIM 104. Thus, for a conventional multi-SIM device, it would be likely that the conventional multi-SIM device would determine that the second SIM 106 has the same starting transmit power as the first SIM 104.

[0039] Starting with the same transmit power for a RACH preamble using information from the second SIM 106 as the first SIM 104 can introduce latency into the operation of the UE. As Figure 1 illustrated, the UE 102 performed six unsuccessful RACH preamble attempts before a seventh successful transmission of a RACH preamble. After each RACH attempt, the UE 102 waited for a period of time to obtain a RACH response message from the base station 108. Thus, the UE 102 waited for a RACH response message six times before transmitting a successful RACH preamble at 16 dBm.

[0040] As described herein, the UE 102 can use information obtained from a RACH preamble attempt for the first SIM 104 to determine a starting transmit power for a RACH preamble for the second SIM 106. As illustrated, the UE 102 successfully transmits a RACH preamble for the first SIM 104 at a transmit power of 16 dBm. Accordingly, the UE 102 can use information obtained from the successful transmission of the RACH preamble for the first SIM 104 to set the starting transmit power for the second SIM 106, rather than starting at a baseline transmit power (e.g., 4 dBm). The UE 102 can be configured to select a candidate starting transmit power at the same transmit power used to transmit the successfully RACH preamble for the first SIM 104 (e.g., 16 dBm). In some embodiments, the UE 102 can determine an offset to apply to the candidate starting transmit power. The UE 102 can reduce the candidate starting transmit power by the offset. In this sense, the offset can allow the UE 102 to conserve power by transmitting a RACH preamble for the second SIM 106 at a transmit power that is less than the transmit power used to transmit the successfully RACH preamble for the first SIM 104. As Figure 1 illustrated, the UE 102 has determined an offset of 2 dBm, and transmits a RACH preamble for the second SIM 106 at 14 dBm. As further illustrated, the RACH preamble is not successful, and the UE 102 increases the transmit power in an incremental manner to 16 dBm for a second RACH preamble transmission. As an illustration, the second RACH preamble transmission is a successful transmission.

[0041] In Figure 1 the formula for determining the transmit power for the second SIM 106 is provided as follows:

[0042] P_MsgA_Actual = Max [P_MsgA, P_FirstSim_feedback-offset], (2)

[0043] P_MsgA_Actual = max(P_MsgA, P_FirstSim_feedback - offset) where P_MsgA_Actual is a value of a transmit power for RACH preamble transmission for the second SIM 106; P_MsgA is a value of a starting transmit power for the first SIM 104 (e.g., 4 dBM); and P_FirstSim_feedback is a value of a transmit power for a successful RACH preamble for the first SIM 104 (e.g., 16 dDm); and offset is a value of an offset (e.g., 2 dBm). The UE 102 can select between a maximum value of P_MsgA and P_FirstSim_feedback - offset. Thus, if P_MsgA is a transmit power (e.g., 16 dBm) that is greater than P_FirstSim_feedback - offset (e.g., 14 dBm), the UE 102 can determine to use P_MsgA as a starting transmit power for the second SIM 106. In some instances, the UE 102 can start transmitting a RACH preamble at a maximum transmit power for the first SIM 104. In these instances, the UE 102 can start at a maximum transmit power. In some instances, a RACH preamble transmission by the first SIM 104 is unsuccessful when using a maximum allowable transmit power. In these instances, the UE 102 can start a PRACH procedure using a maximum allowable transmit power for the second SIM 106.

[0044] It should be appreciated that the UE 102 can not determine the offset to be the same value as the incremental value (e.g., 2 dBM). Rather, various factors can be used to determine the offset, including a time interval between successful RACH preamble transmissions, a frequency band, a device type, a network configuration of the offset, and other appropriate factors. In some instances, a path loss estimate of the UE 102 is greater than a threshold path loss estimate (e.g., 2 dB). In these instances, the UE 102 or the network can modify the offset based on the path loss estimate being greater than the threshold path loss estimate.

[0045] As illustrated, the first SIM 104 can enter a connected state after a successful RACH preamble transmission. For example, the UE 102 can enter the connected state about 2 seconds after the end of the successful RACH preamble transmission. Further, the UE 102 can have transmitted a successful RACH preamble for the second SIM 106 before the first SIM 104 enters the connected state. This is different from conventional systems in which the UE 102 determines the starting power transmission level for the second SIM 106 to be the same as the first SIM. For example, the delay between the successful RACH preamble transmission and the first SIM 104 entering the connected state can be 7-10 seconds because the UE 102 will incrementally increase the power for the second SIM 106 from 4 dBm by 2 dBm to 16 dBm, as it does for the first SIM 104. Using these techniques, the UE 102 can save power and prolong battery life by not having the second SIM 106 transmit a RACH preamble at each of the powers of the first SIM 104. The second SIM 106 can camp faster and allocate resources to the first SIM 104. Further, the data session of the first SIM can resume faster, providing a better user experience.

[0046] In some instances, a cell can be shared by more than one network operator. The UE 102 can determine whether a cell is shared based on decoding a system information block (SIB), such as SIB1. For example, if the SIB indicates only a single public land mobile network (PLMN) in an information element (IE) PLMN-IdentifylnfoList, the cell is not a shared cell between different network operators. If the SIB indicates more than one PLMN, the cell is a shared cell. Providing Figure 2 and Figure 3 In an instance in which a cell is shared by more than one network operator.

[0047] Figure 2is an illustration 200 of an example environment of a shared cell according to one or more embodiments. As illustrated, a first operator 202 and a second operator 204 can connect to a base station via a serving gateway / packet data network gateway (S / P-GW). The first operator 202 can provide service for a first operator owned area 206 without the second operator 204. The second operator 204 can provide service for a second operator owned area 208 without the first operator 202. Both the first operator 202 and the operator 204 can provide service in a shared area 210. The UE 102 can process a SIB message and determine that a first PLMN (e.g., the first operator 202) and a second PLMN (e.g., the second operator 204) are indicated in the SIB. In some instances, the UE 102 is a multi-SIM UE and includes a first SIM associated with the first operator 202 and a second SIM associated with the second operator 204. Since both operators provide service in the shared cell, it can be assumed that path loss estimates for signals from each operator will be the same or substantially equivalent (e.g., one path loss estimate is within 1 dB of the other path loss estimate). Figure 1 Examples can involve the first SIM 104 and the second SIM 106 being associated with the same network operator. Figure 2 Examples can involve the first SIM (e.g., DDS) being associated with the first operator 202 and the second SIM (e.g., nDDS) being associated with the second network operator 204. Further, as illustrated, each of the first operator 202 and the second operator 204 can share a base station to provide service via a shared cell.

[0048] The UE 102 can use the same techniques in determining the transmit power for RACH preambles for the first SIM and the second SIM as described with respect to Figure 1 For example, the UE 102 can use Equation 1 above to determine the transmit power for RACH preambles for the first SIM. If the RACH preamble transmission is unsuccessful, the UE 102 can increase the transmit power in an incremental manner until the RACH preamble transmission is successful.

[0049] The UE 102 can also determine a transmit power for RACH transmissions for the second SIM using information obtained by connecting the first SIM to a network (e.g., a network controlled by the first operator 202 or a network controlled by the second operator 204). For example, the UE 102 can use Equation 2 above to determine P_MsgA_Actual. The UE 102 can determine the offset based on various factors (e.g., a time interval between successful RACH preamble transmissions, device type, frequency band, network configuration of the offset, and other appropriate factors). For example, the UE 102 can determine the offset based on whether the frequency band used to transmit the first RACH preamble is the same as the frequency band that will be used to transmit the second RACH preamble. The second transmit power can be based on the offset. In another example, the UE 102 can determine the offset based on comparing the path loss estimate to a threshold path loss estimate. The second transmit power can be based on the offset. In some instances, the path loss estimate of the UE 102 is greater than the threshold path loss estimate. In these instances, the offset can be modified based on the path loss estimate being greater than the threshold path loss estimate.

[0050] As with the above Figure 1 In some instances, the UE 102 can start transmitting a RACH preamble at maximum transmit power for the first SIM. In these instances, the UE 102 starts at maximum transmit power for the second SIM. In some instances, the RACH preamble transmission by the first SIM when using the maximum allowable transmit power is unsuccessful. In these instances, the UE 102 can start the PRACH procedure for the second SIM using the maximum allowable transmit power.

[0051] Figure 3 Example environment 300 of shared cells in accordance with one or more embodiments is illustrated. As illustrated, the first operator 202 and the second operator 204 can be connected to different base stations that provide different cells (e.g., cell B, cell C, and cell D). Cell B is provided by the first operator 202 without the second operator 204. Cell C and cell D are shared cells provided by both the first operator 202 and the second operator 204. The UE 102 (e.g., a multi-SIM UE) can connect with cell B for both the first SIM (e.g., the first SIM 104) and the second SIM (e.g., the second SIM 106) using the techniques described with respect to Figure 1 The UE 102 (e.g., a multi-SIM UE) can connect with cell C or cell D for both the first SIM (e.g., the first SIM 104) and the second SIM (e.g., the second SIM 106) using the techniques described with respect to Figure 2 The UE 102 (e.g., a multi-SIM UE) can connect with cell C or cell D for both the first SIM (e.g., the first SIM 104) and the second SIM (e.g., the second SIM 106) using the techniques described with respect to

[0052] As indicated above, the UE 102 can transmit a RACH preamble for a 4-step RACH procedure or a 2-step RACH procedure. For a 4-step RACH procedure, the UE (e.g., UE 102) can transmit a RACH preamble (e.g., a first message) to a base station (e.g., base station 108). The base station can transmit a random access response to the UE. The RACH response can include timing advance (TA) information, uplink (UL) resource allocation, and a temporary cell radio network temporary radio network identifier (C-RNTI) (e.g., a second message). The UE can then transmit a scheduled transmission (e.g., a third message) to the base station using the UL resource allocation. The base station can then communicate a second RACH response including a contention resolution message to the UE (e.g., a fourth message).

[0053] In a 2-step RACH procedure, the first message and the third message can be combined, and the second message and the fourth message can be combined. In a first step, the UE can transmit a RACH preamble and data to a base station over a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH). In a second step, the base station can transmit a random access response including TA information, UL resource allocation information, a C-RNTI, and contention resolution information. It should be understood that the techniques described herein can be used for a 4-step RACH procedure or a 2-step RACH procedure.

[0054] Figure 4 is an example process 400 for determining a transmit power of a multi-SIM device, in accordance with one or more embodiments. At 402, the process can include an apparatus of a UE (e.g., UE 102) processing information indicating a first transmit power for transmitting a first random access channel (RACH) preamble to a base station. The first RACH preamble can be associated with a first subscriber identity module (SIM) (e.g., first SIM 104) of the device (e.g., UE 102).

[0055] At 404, the process 400 can include the apparatus determining a second transmit power for a second RACH preamble associated with a second SIM (e.g., second SIM 106) of the device. The second transmit power can be based on the first transmit power. For example, the apparatus can use Equation 1 above to determine a transmit power for the first RACH preamble for the first SIM. The apparatus can then use Equation 2 above to determine a transmit power for the second SIM.

[0056] At 406, the process 400 can include the apparatus determining whether to transmit a second RACH preamble using a second transmit power or an initial transmit power. The second RACH preamble can be associated with a second SIM of the device. The second transmit power can be based on the first transmit power. The initial transmit power can be based on a path loss estimate associated with the second SIM.

[0057] The techniques described above can be used for multi-SIM devices and device-to-device instances. For example, two UEs that are in close proximity to each other can typically experience similar channel loss conditions, path loss, and other transmission characteristics. Thus, the techniques described herein can be used by one UE to determine a transmit power for a RACH preamble using information obtained by the other UE.

[0058] Figure 5 A process 500 for determining a transmit power between two devices in accordance with one or more embodiments. At 502, the process 500 can include the apparatus of a first device processing information indicating a first transmit power used by a second device for a first random access channel (RACH) preamble transmitted to a base station. The two devices can be in close proximity to each other and experience the same transmission characteristics. The second UE can have successfully transmitted the RACH preamble to the base station. The first UE and the second UE can communicate to provide the first UE with the transmit power used by the second UE to successfully transmit the RACH preamble.

[0059] At 504, the process 500 can include the apparatus determining a second transmit power associated with the first device for a second RACH preamble, the second transmit power based on the first transmit power. For example, the second device can use Equation 1 above to determine the transmit power for the first RACH preamble. The apparatus can then use Equation 2 above and the information from the second device to determine the transmit power for the second SIM.

[0060] At 506, the process 500 can include the apparatus causing transmission of the second RACH preamble to the base station based on the second transmit power. Using the techniques described herein, the first device can conserve power and extend battery life. Additionally, the first device and the second device can reduce latency in participating in data sessions.

[0061] Figure 6 And Figure 7 The two SIMs can be viewed collectively. As indicated above, if one SIM is transmitting, the other SIM can not be able to transmit or receive. Thus, when the UE is transmitting (e.g., a RACH preamble) for one SIM, the other SIM can pause data activity.

[0062] Figure 6is an illustration 600 of an example data scenario according to one or more embodiments. The UE 102 can include a first SIM 104 connected to a first network 702 (e.g., a first operator 202) and a second SIM 106 connected to a second network 706 (e.g., a second operator 204). The first SIM 104 can be a DDS. The first network 702 can allocate resources for receiving and transmitting for use by the first SIM 104. In some cases, the first SIM 104 can use the resources for an application, such as a video call service or other application. The second SIM 106 can be in an idle mode, and the second network 704 can have allocated resources for receiving for use by the second SIM 106.

[0063] Figure 7 is an illustration 700 of an example data scenario according to one or more embodiments. The second network 706 can allocate resources for transmitting and receiving for use by the second SIM 106. The second SIM 106 can use the resources for transmitting (e.g., signaling, measurement, reporting, or other transmission). If the second SIM 106 is transmitting, data activity (e.g., a voice call service) of the first SIM 104 can be interrupted. The first SIM 104 can suspend data activity (e.g., a voice call service). The suspension of data can last for a time interval (e.g., 6-10 seconds) and can be characterized as a data stall.

[0064] Figure 8 is an illustration of an example environment of device-to-device assistance according to one or more embodiments. The first device 802, the second device 804, and the third device 806 can include advertising beacons for broadcasting signals. Each other device can measure the signal strength (e.g., received signal strength indicator (RSSI)) of the other devices’ broadcasts. For example, a device can determine that other devices with stronger signals are closer. Various techniques can be used to determine proximity of devices to each other. Each device can compare the distance to another device to a threshold distance. As illustrated, the first device 802 can determine that the second device 804 is within the threshold distance, but the third device 806 is not within the threshold distance.

[0065] For devices within the threshold distance, the service can enable the devices to establish a device-to-device link and share information with themselves and with the network. For example, the first device 802 can connect to a base station 808 of the network and to the fourth device via a device-to-device link. The device-to-device link can be used to share information, such as RACH transmit power information, SIB network parameters, ghost cell information, best cell information, beam information, congestion mitigation paths (e.g., avoid cel X_x) information, information for cell-targeted mobility, and other appropriate information.

[0066] Figure 9 is an illustration of an example environment for device-to-device communication according to one or more embodiments. In some cases, a device linked to another device can experience a problem (e.g., a hot spot, low battery, physical damage, or other problem). Problem information can be communicated to the linking device, determined explicitly or implicitly by the linking device. In these instances, the linking device can communicate with a network to provide information about the problem. The network can use this information to apply a corrective measure to the device experiencing the problem.

[0067] For example, the first device 802 and the second device 804 can broadcast advertisements indicating that they are in proximity to each other. Based on the proximity, the first device 802 can share a device identifier with the second device 804. In some cases, the device identifier can be in an encrypted format. The second device 804 can send the device identifier to the base station 808. The base station 808 can send data for the first device 802 to the second device 804. The second device 804 can relay the data from the base station 808 to the first device 802. Thus, even if the first device 802 experiences a problem, the second device 804 can assist in communication between the base station 808 and the first device 802.

[0068] Figure 10 、 Figure 11 and Figure 12 are illustrations of various user devices or user interfaces for implementing the functionality described above. Figure 10 is an illustration 1000 of an example user device according to one or more embodiments. Figure 11 is an illustration 1100 of an example user interface according to one or more embodiments. A user device can be enabled to allow device-to-device assistance by receiving an input that has enabled a device-to-device feature 1002. In some cases, the device-to-device feature 1002 can be limited to specific other user devices. For example, the device-to-device feature can be limited to other devices in a network of the user device, devices associated with an account known to the user device, or other appropriate limitation. As illustrated, the user interface indicates that the only device in communication with the user device is the user's wife's device.

[0069] Figure 12 is an illustration 1200 of an example user interface according to one or more embodiments. As illustrated, a user device can display nearby user devices. The user device can then receive an input (e.g., based on a user's input) as to which devices can communicate via a device-to-device service. By enabling a UE to receive assistance from other devices and networks, good service can continue to be provided even if the UE is experiencing a problem.

[0070] Figure 13A receive component 1300 of a UE 1306 is illustrated in accordance with some embodiments. The receive component 1300 can include an antenna panel 1304 that includes multiple antenna elements. The panel 1304 is shown as having four antenna elements, but other embodiments can include other numbers of antenna elements.

[0071] The antenna panel 1304 can be coupled to an analog beamforming (BF) component that includes multiple phase shifters 1308(1) through 1308(4). The phase shifters 1308(1) through 1308(4) can be coupled with a radio frequency (RF) chain 1313. The RF chain 1313 can amplify a received analog RF signal, down-convert the RF signal to baseband, and convert the analog baseband signal to a digital baseband signal that can be provided to a baseband processor for further processing.

[0072] In various embodiments, control circuitry that can reside in the baseband processor can provide BF weights (e.g., W1 through W4) to the phase shifters 1308(1) through 1308(4) to provide a receive beam at the antenna panel 1304. The BF weights can represent phase shift values that can be determined in accordance with channel-based beamforming.

[0073] Figure 14 A UE 1400 is illustrated in accordance with some embodiments. The UE 1400 can be similar to the UE 102 of Figure 1 and substantially interchangeable therewith.

[0074] The processor 1404 can include processor circuitry such as, for example, a baseband processor circuitry (BB) 1404A, a central processor unit circuitry (CPU) 1404B, and a graphics processor unit circuitry (GPU) 1404C. The processor 1404 can include any type of circuit or processor circuitry that executes or otherwise operates computer executable instructions, such as program code, software modules, or functional processes from memory / storage 1412, to cause the UE 1400 to perform operations as described herein. The processor 1404 can also include interface circuitry 1404D to communicatively couple the processor circuitry with one or more other components of the UE 1400. The processor 1404 can be configured to determine a transmit power for a RACH preamble.

[0075] In some embodiments, the baseband processor circuitry 1404A can access the communication protocol stack 1436 in the memory / storage 1412 to communicate over a 3GPP-compatible network. Generally, the baseband processor circuitry 1404A can access the communication protocol stack 1436 to perform user plane functions at the PHY layer, MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP layer, SDAP layer, and PDU layer; and control plane functions at the PHY layer, MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP layer, RRC layer, and NAS layer. In some embodiments, PHY layer operations can additionally / alternatively be performed by components of the RF interface circuitry 1408.

[0076] The baseband processor circuitry 1404A can generate or process baseband signals or waveforms that carry information that is supplied to or received from a 3GPP-compatible network. In some embodiments, waveforms for NR can be based on cyclic prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM) in the uplink or downlink, and discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM) in the uplink.

[0077] The memory / storage 1412 can include one or more non-transitory computer-readable media including instructions (e.g., communication protocol stack 1436) executable by one or more of the processors 1404 to cause the UE 1400 to perform various delay PRACH operations described herein.

[0078] The memory / storage 1412 includes any type of volatile or nonvolatile memory now in use or yet to be developed, including but not limited to dynamic random access memory (DRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), Flash memory, solid-state memory, or any other type of memory device or storage medium. In some embodiments, the memory / storage 1412 is on-board the processor(s) 1404 (e.g., the memory / storage 1412 can be part of the chipset corresponding to the baseband processor circuitry 1404A), while in other embodiments, the memory / storage 1412 is off-board the processor(s) 1404 but is in communication with the processor(s) 1404 via a memory bus.

[0079] The RF interface circuitry 1408 can include transceiver circuitry and radio frequency front module (RFEM) that allows the UE 1400 to communicate with other devices over a radio access network. The RF interface circuitry 1408 can include various elements arranged in transmit or receive paths. These elements can include, for example, switches, mixers, amplifiers, filters, synthesizer circuitry, and control circuitry.

[0080] In the receive path, the RFEM can receive a radiated signal from the air interface via the antenna 1426 and continue to filter and amplify (with a low noise amplifier) the signal. The signal can be provided to a receiver of the transceiver that down-converts the RF signal to a baseband signal that is provided to the baseband processor of the processor 1404.

[0081] In the transmit path, a transmitter of the transceiver up-converts baseband signals received from the baseband processor and provides RF signals to the RFEM. The RFEM can amplify the signal through a power amplifier before the RF signal is radiated across the air interface via the antenna 1426.

[0082] In various embodiments, the RF interface circuitry 1408 can be configured to transmit / receive signals in a manner compatible with NR access technology.

[0083] The antenna 1426 can include antenna elements to convert electrical signals into radio waves to be radiated across the air interface and to convert received radio waves into electrical signals. These antenna elements can be arranged into one or more antenna panels. The antenna 1426 can have antenna panels that are omnidirectional, directional, or a combination thereof to implement beamforming and multiple input, multiple output communication. The antenna 1426 can include microstrip antennas, patch antennas, phased array antennas, or printed antennas fabricated on the surface of one or more printed circuit boards. The antenna 1426 can have one or more panels designed for specific frequency bands, including bands in FR1 or FR2.

[0084] The user interface 1416 includes various input / output (I / O) devices designed to enable user interaction with the UE 1400. The user interface 1416 includes input device circuitry and output device circuitry. Input device circuitry includes any physical or virtual means for accepting an input including, inter alia, one or more physical or virtual buttons (e.g., a reset button), a physical keyboard, key pad, mouse, touchpad, touchscreen, microphone, scanner, or headset, etc. The output device circuitry includes any physical or virtual means for showing information or otherwise conveying information, such as sensor readings, actuator positions, or other similar information. The output device circuitry can include any number or combination of audio or visual displays, including one or more simple visual outputs / indicators (e.g., binary status indicators (such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and multi-character visual outputs), or more complex outputs, such as display devices or touchscreens (e.g., liquid crystal displays (LCD), LED displays, quantum dot displays, and projectors), where the output of characters, graphics, and multimedia objects, etc. are generated or produced through the operation of the UE 1400.

[0085] The sensors 1420 can include devices, modules, or subsystems whose purpose is to detect events or changes in its environment and send the information (sensor data) about the detected events to some other a device, module, or subsystem. Examples of such sensors include: inertial measurement units including accelerometers, gyroscopes, or magnetometers; microelectromechanical systems or nanoelectromechanical systems including 3-axis accelerometers, 3-axis gyroscopes, or magnetometers; level sensors; flow sensors; temperature sensors (e.g., thermistors); pressure sensors; barometric sensors; gravimeters; altimeters; image capture devices (e.g., cameras or lensless apertures); light detection and ranging sensors; proximity sensors (e.g., infrared radiation detectors, etc.); depth sensors; ambient light sensors; ultrasonic transceivers; and microphones or other similar audio capture devices.

[0086] The drive circuitry 1422 can include software and hardware elements that operate to control particular devices embedded in, or attached to, or otherwise interfaced with the UE 1400. The drive circuitry 1422 can include individual drivers that allow other components to interact with or control various input / output (I / O) devices that can be present within, or connected to, the UE 1400. For example, the drive circuitry 1422 can include a display driver to control and allow access to a display device, a touchscreen driver to control and allow access to a touchscreen interface, a sensor driver to obtain sensor readings from sensors 1420 and to control and allow access to the sensors 1420, a driver to obtain actuator positions from electromechanical components or to control and allow access to electromechanical components, a camera driver to control and allow access to an embedded image capture device, an audio driver to control and allow access to one or more audio devices.

[0087] The PMIC 1424 can manage power provided to the various components of the UE 1400. In particular, with respect to the processor 1404, the PMIC 1424 can control a power-source selection, voltage scaling, battery charging, or DC-to-DC conversion.

[0088] The battery 1428 can power the UE 1400, although in some examples the UE 1400 can be installed in a fixed location, and can have a power supply coupled to an electrical grid. The battery 1428 can be a lithium ion battery, a metal-air battery, such as a zinc-air battery, an aluminum-air battery, a lithium-air battery, and the like. In some implementations, such as in vehicle-based applications, the battery 1428 can be a typical lead-acid automotive battery.

[0089] Figure 15 A network equipment 1500 is illustrated in accordance with some embodiments. The network equipment 1500 can be similar to, and substantially interchangeable with, equipment of a base station or core network or external data network.

[0090] The network equipment 1500 can include a processor 1504, RF interface circuitry 1508 (if implemented as a base station), core network (CN) interface circuitry 1514, memory / storage circuitry 1512, and antenna structure 1526.

[0091] The components of the network equipment 1500 can be coupled with various other components over one or more interconnects 1528.

[0092] The processor 1504, RF interface circuitry 1508, memory / storage circuitry 1512 (including communication protocol stack 1510), antenna structure 1526, and interconnects 1528 can be similar to those described with respect to the processor 1404, RF interface circuitry 1408, memory / storage circuitry 1412 (including communication protocol stack 1410), antenna structure 1426, and interconnects 1428, respectively. Figure 14Like-named elements illustrated in the figures.

[0093] The processor 1504 can include processor circuitry, such as, for example, a baseband processor circuit (BB) 1504A, a central processor unit circuit (CPU) 1504B, and a graphics processor unit circuit (GPU) 1504C. The processor 1504 can include any type of circuit or processor circuit that executes or otherwise operates computer-executable instructions, such as program code, software modules, or functional processes from memory / storage circuit 1512, to cause the network device to perform delay adaptation operations as described herein. The processor 1504 can also include interface circuit 1504D to communicatively couple the processor circuit with one or more other components of the network device 1500.

[0094] The CN interface circuit 1514 can provide connectivity to a core network (e.g., a 5thGeneration Core Network (5GC) using a 5GC-compatible network interface protocol, such as carrier Ethernet protocol or some other suitable protocol). Network connectivity can be provided to / from the network device 1500 via fiber optic or wireless backhaul. The CN interface circuit 1514 can include one or more specialized processors or FPGAs to communicate using one or more of the aforementioned protocols. In some implementations, the CN interface circuit 1514 can include multiple controllers to provide connectivity to other networks using the same or different protocols.

[0095] It is well understood that the use of personally identifiable information should follow privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirements for maintaining the privacy of users. In particular, personally identifiable information data should be managed and handled in a way to minimize risk of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorization should be clearly expressed to the users.

[0096] For one or more embodiments, at least one of the components illustrated in one or more of the preceding figures can be configured to perform one or more operations, techniques, processes, or methods set forth in the following embodiment section. For example, the baseband circuitry described above in connection with one or more of the preceding figures can be configured to operate in accordance with one or more of the following embodiments. As another example, circuitry associated with a UE, base station, or network element described above in connection with one or more of the preceding figures can be configured to operate in accordance with one or more of the embodiments illustrated in the following embodiment section.

[0097] Example

[0098] In the following sections, additional example embodiments are provided.

[0099] Example 1 can include a method comprising: processing information indicating a first transmit power for transmitting a first random access channel (RACH) preamble to a base station, the first RACH preamble being associated with a first subscriber identity module (SIM) of a device; determining whether to transmit a second RACH preamble using a second transmit power or an initial transmit power, the second RACH preamble being associated with a second SIM of the device, the second transmit power being based on the first transmit power, and the initial transmit power being based on a path loss estimate associated with the second SIM; and determining, based on processing the information, to transmit the second RACH preamble to the base station using the second transmit power.

[0100] Example 2 can include the method of Example 1, wherein determining the second transmit power comprises: determining an offset associated with transmitting the second RACH preamble; and reducing the first transmit power by the offset to determine the second transmit power.

[0101] Example 3 can include the method of any of Examples 1 or 2, wherein the method further comprises: transmitting the second RACH preamble to a base station to join a network; determining that the second RACH preamble was not successful; determining an offset associated with transmitting the second RACH preamble; and determining a third transmit power based on increasing the first transmit power by the associated offset, the third transmit power being associated with a third RACH preamble.

[0102] Example 4 can include the method of any of Examples 1-3, wherein the method further comprises: determining that the first transmit power is a maximum transmit power for transmitting the first RACH preamble, wherein the second transmit power is set equal to the first transmit power based on determining that the first transmit power is the maximum transmit power for transmitting the first RACH preamble.

[0103] Example 5 can include the method of any of Examples 1-4, wherein the method further comprises: transmitting the second RACH preamble based on the second transmit power.

[0104] Example 6 can include the method of any of Examples 1-5, wherein the method further comprises: determining a path loss estimate based on a downlink reference signal from a base station; comparing the path loss estimate to a threshold path loss estimate; and determining an offset based on comparing the path loss estimate to the threshold path loss estimate, wherein the second transmit power is based on the offset.

[0105] Example 7 can include the method of any of Examples 1-6, wherein the first SIM and the second SIM are associated with a same operator.

[0106] Example 8 can include the method of any of Examples 1-7, wherein the method further comprises: determining whether a frequency band used to transmit the first RACH preamble is the same as a frequency band to be used to transmit the second RACH preamble; determining an offset based on whether the frequency band used to transmit the first RACH preamble is the same as the frequency band to be used to transmit the second RACH preamble, wherein the second transmit power is based on the offset.

[0107] Example 9 can include an apparatus comprising: processing circuitry configured to perform any of the steps of Examples 1-8; and a memory coupled to the processing circuitry, the memory configured to store transmit power information.

[0108] Example 10 can include one or more non-transitory computer-readable media having stored thereon sequences of instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause processing circuitry to perform any of the steps of Examples 1-8.

[0109] Example 11 can include an apparatus comprising: processing circuitry configured to: process information indicating a first transmit power for transmitting a first random access channel (RACH) preamble to a base station shared by a first operator and a second operator, the first RACH preamble being associated with a first subscriber identity module (SIM); and determine a second transmit power for transmitting a second RACH preamble to the base station, the second RACH being associated with a second SIM, the second transmit power being based on the first transmit power, the first SIM being associated with the first operator and the second SIM being associated with the second operator; and a memory coupled to the processing circuitry, the memory configured to store transmit power information.

[0110] Example 12 can include the apparatus of Example 11, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to: determine whether to transmit the second RACH preamble using a second transmit power or an initial transmit power, wherein the second transmit power is based on the first transmit power and the initial transmit power is based on a path loss estimate associated with the second SIM.

[0111] Example 13 can include the apparatus of any of Examples 11 or 12, wherein the second transmit power is greater than an initial RACH preamble transmit power associated with the second SIM.

[0112] Example 14 can include the apparatus of any of Examples 11-13, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to: process a system information block (SIB) transmitted by the base station; determine that the base station is shared by the first operator and the second operator based on processing the SIB, wherein determining the second transmit power is based on determining that the base station is shared by the first operator and the second operator.

[0113] Example 15 can include the apparatus of Example 14, wherein processing the SIB transmitted by the base station comprises: determining whether a public land mobile network (PLMN)-identitylnfoList indicates more than one PLMN.

[0114] Example 16 can include the apparatus of any of Examples 11-15, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to: determine a path loss estimate based on a downlink reference signal from a base station, the path loss estimate associated with the second SIM; compare the path loss estimate to a threshold path loss estimate; and determine an offset based on comparing the path loss estimate to the threshold path loss estimate, wherein the second transmit power is based on the offset.

[0115] Example 17 can include the apparatus of any of Examples 11-16, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to: determine that the first transmit power is a maximum transmit power for transmitting the first RACH preamble, wherein the second transmit power is set equal to the first transmit power based on determining that the first transmit power is a maximum transmit power for transmitting the first RACH preamble.

[0116] Example 18 can include the apparatus of any of Examples 11-17, wherein the apparatus uses a two-step RACH procedure, and wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to: determine the second transmit power based on a P_MsgA_Actual message.

[0117] Example 19 can include a method for performing any of the steps recited in Examples 11-17.

[0118] Example 20 can include one or more non-transitory computer-readable media having stored thereon sequences of instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause processing circuitry to perform any of the steps recited in Examples 11-17.

[0119] Example 21 can include one or more non-transitory computer-readable media having instruction sequences stored therein, the instruction sequences, when executed by one or more processors, causing a processing circuit to process information indicating a first transmit power for transmitting a first random access channel (RACH) preamble to a base station, the first RACH preamble being associated with a first subscriber identity module (SIM) of a device, determine to transmit a second RACH preamble to the base station, the second RACH preamble being associated with a second SIM, and determine to transmit the second RACH preamble using a second transmit power, the second RACH preamble being associated with the second SIM of the device, the second transmit power being less than or equal to the first transmit power.

[0120] Example 22 can include the one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of Example 21, wherein the instruction sequences, when executed by one or more processors, cause a processing circuit to determine whether the first transmit power is a maximum transmit power, and determine whether to use an offset based on whether the first transmit power is the maximum transmit power.

[0121] Example 23 can include the one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of any of Examples 21 or 22, wherein the first transmit power is not the maximum transmit power, and wherein the instruction sequences, when executed by one or more processors, cause a processing circuit to determine an offset associated with transmitting the second RACH preamble based on the first transmit power not being the maximum transmit power, and determine the second transmit power based on reducing the first transmit power by the offset.

[0122] Example 24 can include the one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of any of Examples 21-23, wherein the first transmit power is the maximum transmit power, and wherein the instruction sequences, when executed by one or more processors, cause a processing circuit to determine that the second transmit power is equal to the maximum transmit power based on the first transmit power being the maximum transmit power.

[0123] Example 25 can include a method for performing any of the steps recited in Examples 21-24.

[0124] Example 26 can include an apparatus comprising a processing circuit configured to perform any of the steps recited in Examples 21-24, and a memory coupled to the processing circuit, the memory configured to store transmit power information.

[0125] Unless otherwise expressly stated, any of the embodiments described above can be combined with any other embodiment (or combination of embodiments) described above. The foregoing description of one or more implementations provides functionality and / or technical advantages, but that does not mean that every implementation provides the recited functionality and / or technical advantages. Other implementations can be directed to other variations and modifications that fall within the scope of the implementations. Variations and modifications can be made to the foregoing implementations, and the implementations can take many different forms, including processes, apparatuses, systems, devices, articles of manufacture, and / or other implementations.

[0126] Although the above implementations have been described in considerable detail, variations and modifications are possible to those skilled in the art once they fully understand the basic principles underlying the above disclosure. The following claims are intended to include all such variations and modifications.

Claims

1. A method, the method comprising: The system receives information indicating the first transmit power for sending a first random access channel (RACH) preamble to the base station, the first RACH preamble being associated with the device's first subscriber identity module (SIM); Determine whether to use a second transmit power to transmit a second RACH preamble or to use an initial transmit power based on the first RACH preamble, the second RACH preamble being associated with a second SIM of the device, the second transmit power being based on the first transmit power, and the initial transmit power being based on a path loss estimate associated with the second SIM; as well as Based on the transmission of the first RACH preamble, the second RACH preamble is transmitted to the base station using the second transmission power.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein determining the second transmission power comprises: Determine the offset associated with sending the second RACH preamble; as well as The first transmit power is reduced by the offset to determine the second transmit power.

3. The method according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the method further comprises: It was determined that the second RACH preamble was unsuccessful; Determine the offset associated with sending the second RACH preamble; as well as A third transmit power is determined based on the offset associated with increasing the first transmit power, the third transmit power being associated with a third RACH preamble.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the method further comprises: The first transmit power is determined to be the maximum transmit power used to transmit the first RACH preamble, wherein, based on the determination that the first transmit power is the maximum transmit power used to transmit the first RACH preamble, the second transmit power is set to be equal to the first transmit power.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the method further comprises: It was determined that the first RACH preamble was unsuccessful.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the method further comprises: Path loss estimation is determined based on downlink reference signals from the base station; The path loss estimate is compared with the threshold path loss estimate; as well as The offset is determined by comparing the path loss estimate with the threshold path loss estimate, wherein the second transmit power is based on the offset.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the first SIM is associated with the second SIM and the same operator.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the method further comprises: Determine whether the frequency band used to transmit the first RACH preamble is the same as the frequency band used to transmit the second RACH preamble; as well as The offset is determined based on whether the frequency band used to transmit the first RACH preamble is the same as the frequency band used to transmit the second RACH preamble, wherein the second transmit power is based on the offset.

9. An apparatus comprising: Processing circuit, the processing circuit being configured to: A first random access channel (RACH) preamble is transmitted at a first transmission power to a base station shared by a first operator and a second operator. The first RACH preamble is associated with a first subscriber identity module (SIM). Whether to use a second transmit power to transmit a second RACH is determined based on transmitting the first RACH preamble with the first transmit power, the second RACH being associated with a second SIM, the second transmit power being based on the first transmit power, and the first SIM being associated with the first operator and the second SIM being associated with the second operator; If transmitting the first RACH preamble with the first transmission power fails, the second transmission power is used to transmit the second RACH preamble to the base station. and A memory coupled to the processing circuitry to enable communication.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to: It determines whether to use the second transmit power to transmit the second RACH preamble or to use the initial transmit power, wherein the initial transmit power is based on a path loss estimate associated with the second SIM.

11. The apparatus according to any one of claims 9-10, wherein the second transmit power is greater than the initial RACH preamble transmit power associated with the second SIM.

12. The apparatus according to any one of claims 9-10, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to: Processing System Information Blocks (SIBs) sent by the base station; and The determination of the base station being shared by the first operator and the second operator is based on processing the SIB, wherein the determination of the second transmit power is based on the determination that the base station is shared by the first operator and the second operator.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein processing the SIB transmitted by the base station comprises: Determine whether the Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) - identityInfoList indicates more than one PLMN.

14. The apparatus according to any one of claims 9, 10, and 13, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to: The path loss estimate is determined based on the downlink reference signal from the base station, and the path loss estimate is associated with the second SIM; The path loss estimate is compared with the threshold path loss estimate; as well as The offset is determined by comparing the path loss estimate with the threshold path loss estimate, wherein the second transmit power is based on the offset.

15. The apparatus according to any one of claims 9, 10, and 13, wherein the processing circuit is further configured to: The first transmit power is determined to be the maximum transmit power used to transmit the first RACH preamble, wherein, based on the determination that the first transmit power is the maximum transmit power used to transmit the first RACH preamble, the second transmit power is set to be equal to the first transmit power.

16. The apparatus according to any one of claims 9, 10, and 13, wherein the apparatus uses a two-step RACH process, and wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to: The second transmission power is determined based on the P_MsgA_Actual message.

17. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media, wherein a sequence of instructions is stored on the one or more non-transitory computer-readable media, the sequence of instructions causing processing circuitry to: The processing instruction is used to send information about the first transmit power of a first random access channel (RACH) preamble to the base station, the first RACH preamble being associated with the device's first subscriber identity module (SIM); Determine to send a second RACH preamble to the base station, the second RACH preamble being associated with a second SIM; as well as It is determined that a second transmit power will be used to transmit the second RACH preamble, which is associated with a second SIM of the device, and the second transmit power is less than or equal to the first transmit power.

18. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 17, wherein the instruction sequence, when executed by one or more processors, causes the processing circuitry to: Determine whether the first transmission power is the maximum transmission power; and Whether to use an offset is determined based on whether the first transmission power is the maximum transmission power.

19. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 18, wherein the first transmit power is not the maximum transmit power, and wherein the instruction sequence, when executed by one or more processors, causes the processing circuitry to: The offset associated with transmitting the second RACH preamble is determined based on the fact that the first transmit power is not the maximum transmit power; and The second transmission power is determined by reducing the first transmission power by the offset.

20. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 18, wherein the first transmit power is the maximum transmit power, and wherein the instruction sequence, when executed by one or more processors, further causes the processing circuitry to: Based on the fact that the first transmission power is the maximum transmission power, the second transmission power is determined to be equal to the maximum transmission power.

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