A heat-insulating and antibacterial interior material and its preparation method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of vehicle interior materials technology, specifically disclosing a heat-insulating and antibacterial interior material and its preparation method. The material, by weight, consists of 1-3 parts plant fiber matrix, 0.1-0.2 parts sorrel, and 1-2 parts solvent. The plant fiber matrix is ​​mainly composed of mugwort floss, and loofah sponge can be added to optimize its performance. The solvent is plant hydrosol or liquid plant extract, which must have sorrel-dissolving ability and a water content ≥80%. This invention utilizes a specific process to allow sorrel to fully penetrate the microporous structure of the plant fiber matrix, achieving multiple functions including highly efficient antibacterial properties, formaldehyde purification, and intelligent temperature and humidity regulation. The material significantly improves cabin air quality and driving comfort, and is environmentally friendly, weather-resistant, and has a simple and controllable preparation process, making it suitable for large-scale production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle interior materials technology, specifically to a heat-insulating and antibacterial interior material and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing popularity of healthy travel and green transportation concepts, consumers are placing higher demands on the health, comfort, and environmental friendliness of vehicle interior materials. Traditional vehicle interior materials, such as PVC, PU, ​​and polyester fabrics, have inherent defects such as the release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), easy bacterial growth, and poor thermal stability, which become more pronounced in extreme environments. Under high temperatures, traditional materials are prone to aging and decomposition, releasing harmful gases, and cannot effectively regulate cabin temperature, humidity, and air quality, seriously threatening the health of passengers and reducing the driving experience.

[0003] While existing technologies have attempted to incorporate natural plant components into vehicle interior materials, such as antibacterial fabrics with added artemisia extract and negative ion materials containing mineral components, these materials generally suffer from limitations such as single functionality, insufficient synergistic effects, and poor environmental adaptability. Some materials focus solely on antibacterial or negative ion release functions, lacking comprehensive consideration for formaldehyde purification and temperature and humidity regulation; furthermore, most materials are not optimized for extreme high-temperature environments, resulting in significant performance degradation after long-term use, making it difficult to meet practical application needs. In addition, some materials use chemical solvents to dissolve functional components, posing irritating odors and environmental risks.

[0004] Therefore, developing a vehicle interior material that combines multiple health benefits, strong environmental adaptability, green environmental protection, and simple manufacturing process has become the key to solving the current pain points in the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems of existing vehicle interior materials, such as limited functionality, poor environmental adaptability, and insufficient environmental friendliness of solvents, this invention provides a heat-insulating and antibacterial interior material and its preparation method. By optimizing the raw material composition and preparation process, it achieves multiple functions such as efficient antibacterial properties, formaldehyde purification, and temperature and humidity regulation, while ensuring that the material is suitable for extreme high-temperature environments and is green and pollution-free.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A heat-insulating and antibacterial interior material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-3 parts plant fiber base, 0.1-0.2 parts sorrel, and 1-2 parts solvent; wherein the plant fiber base comprises mugwort floss and loofah sponge, the mass ratio of loofah sponge to mugwort floss is 1:(3-5), the average length of the mugwort floss is 3-10 mm, the porosity is ≥75%, and the thermal conductivity is ≤0.04 W / m·K;

[0008] The purity of the sour mold is ≥98%, and the particle size D50 is ≤1μm;

[0009] The solvent has the ability to dissolve sedamame and has a water content of ≥80%.

[0010] Furthermore, the loofah sponge is used after pretreatment. The pretreatment steps are as follows: after washing to remove impurities, it is dried at 80-90℃ for 2-3 hours, crushed to a length of 2-8 mm, ultrasonically cleaned for 15-20 minutes, and then vacuum dried at a temperature of 80-90℃ for 1-2 hours, with the moisture content controlled to be ≤5%.

[0011] The solvent is selected from at least one of peppermint extract, artemisia extract, and honeysuckle extract; the extraction process is solvent extraction or distillation extraction, and after extraction, the mixture is filtered through a 200-300 mesh filter to remove impurities, with no solid particles remaining and a purity ≥90%.

[0012] It also includes 0.05-0.1 parts by weight of a plant antibacterial adjuvant, wherein the plant antibacterial adjuvant is selected from at least one of honeysuckle extract and peppermint extract, and has a purity ≥95%.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned heat-insulating and antibacterial interior material, comprising the following steps:

[0014] (1) Raw material pretreatment: Wash the plant fiber base material with water 2-3 times to remove impurities, place it in a vacuum drying oven at 80-100℃ for 2-3 hours, and control the moisture content to ≤5% for later use;

[0015] (2) Dissolving Sorbet: Add sorbet to the solvent and stir at 30-40℃ and 150-200rpm for 30-60min until completely dissolved; if plant antibacterial adjuvants are added, add them at this time and continue stirring for 20-30min to obtain a uniform mixed solution;

[0016] (3) Infiltration treatment: Add the pretreated plant fiber matrix to the mixed solution, transfer it to a vacuum reactor, and immerse it in a vacuum environment of 45-50℃ and 0.08-0.1MPa for 2-4 hours, stirring at 100-150rpm for 10 minutes every 30 minutes during this period;

[0017] (4) Drying and molding: Take out the mixture and dry it in a forced air at 60-70℃ for 4-6 hours, controlling the moisture content to ≤8%; put it into a mold for hot pressing, with a hot pressing temperature of 160-180℃, a pressure of 8-12MPa, and a time of 5-10min;

[0018] (5) Post-treatment: The initial product is subjected to 30-50W surface corona treatment for 3-5 minutes to remove surface impurities and residual solvents, and the finished product is obtained.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] (1) Synergistic effect: The porous structure of plant fiber matrix (Artemisia floss + loofah sponge) works synergistically with sourdough to achieve multiple functions. The formaldehyde removal rate is over 98% (Artemisia floss adsorption + sourdough catalytic decomposition); the antibacterial rate against common pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus is ≥99%; in terms of temperature and humidity regulation, the moisture absorption and release efficiency is improved by more than 50% in the humidity range of 20-60%, and the thermal conductivity coefficient is reduced by 30% compared with traditional materials, effectively stabilizing the temperature and humidity of the vehicle cabin.

[0021] (2) Strong environmental adaptability: The material has undergone high-temperature stability optimization, and its performance retention rate is ≥90% under high temperature and strong ultraviolet radiation at 70℃, with a service life of 6-8 years. The natural "porous fiber structure" of mugwort wool has excellent heat insulation performance. Experiments show that 2-10mm thick mugwort wool material can effectively block external heat conduction and reduce temperature fluctuations inside the vehicle. At the same time, mugwort fibers can absorb or release moisture according to changes in ambient humidity. In high humidity environments, it can absorb excess moisture in the air to prevent condensation on car windows and stuffiness; in dry environments, it can slowly release moisture, playing a natural humidifying role, which can effectively maintain a relatively stable humidity environment inside the car. This two-way temperature and humidity regulation function provides people with a more comfortable driving and riding experience.

[0022] (3) Green, environmentally friendly and safe: The raw materials are all natural plant components, and the solvent is liquid plant extract. There is no release of harmful gases such as VOCs. The carbon footprint of the production process is 40% lower than that of traditional materials. The materials are biodegradable, which is in line with the concept of sustainable development. They are also non-irritating and suitable for sensitive groups such as the elderly and infants. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solution of the invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0024] A heat-insulating and antibacterial interior material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-3 parts plant fiber base, 0.1-0.2 parts sorrel, and 1-2 parts solvent;

[0025] The plant fiber matrix includes mugwort floss and loofah sponge, with a mass ratio of loofah sponge to mugwort floss of 1:(3-5). The mugwort floss has an average length of 3-10 mm, a porosity of ≥75%, and a thermal conductivity of ≤0.04 W / m·K.

[0026] The purity of the sour mold is ≥98%, and the particle size D50 is ≤1μm;

[0027] The solvent has the ability to dissolve sedamame and has a water content of ≥80%.

[0028] The loofah sponge is used after pretreatment. The pretreatment steps are as follows: after washing to remove impurities, it is dried at 80-90℃ for 2-3 hours, crushed to a length of 2-8 mm, ultrasonically cleaned for 15-20 minutes, and then vacuum dried at a temperature of 80-90℃ for 1-2 hours, with the moisture content controlled to be ≤5%.

[0029] Artemisia floss, with its natural porous fiber structure, offers excellent adsorption and insulation properties. It is also rich in flavonoids and terpenes, providing basic functions such as antibacterial and insect repellent effects. To further optimize the material's pore structure and mechanical properties, loofah sponge can be added to the plant fiber matrix. Its natural three-dimensional network structure, synergistically with artemisia floss, can enhance the material's moisture absorption and release efficiency, heat buffering capacity, and toughness.

[0030] The solvent is selected from at least one of peppermint extract, artemisia extract, and honeysuckle extract; the extraction process is solvent extraction or distillation extraction, and after extraction, the sample is filtered through a 200-300 mesh filter to remove impurities, ensuring no solid particles remain and a purity ≥90%.

[0031] It also includes 0.05-0.1 parts by weight of a plant antibacterial adjuvant, wherein the plant antibacterial adjuvant is selected from at least one of honeysuckle extract and peppermint extract, and has a purity ≥95%.

[0032] Sorrel extract is the core functional ingredient for its anti-inflammatory and formaldehyde-decomposing properties. Its high purity and fine particle size design ensure that it can fully dissolve and penetrate into the micropores of the plant fiber matrix, guaranteeing long-lasting and stable performance.

[0033] The solvent used is a liquid plant extract, with the key requirements being that it be liquid, capable of dissolving sorrel, and environmentally friendly and non-irritating. It not only has high dissolving efficiency but also imparts a natural fragrance to the material.

[0034] The plant-based antibacterial adjuvant is selected from at least one of honeysuckle extract and peppermint extract, and works synergistically with artemisia and sorrel to broaden the antibacterial spectrum and enhance the antibacterial durability.

[0035] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned heat-insulating and antibacterial interior material, comprising the following steps:

[0036] (1) Raw material pretreatment: Wash the plant fiber base material with water 2-3 times to remove impurities, place it in a vacuum drying oven at 80-100℃ for 2-3 hours, and control the moisture content to ≤5% for later use;

[0037] (2) Dissolving Sorbet: Add sorbet to the solvent and stir at 30-40℃ and 150-200rpm for 30-60min until completely dissolved; if plant antibacterial adjuvants are added, add them at this time and continue stirring for 20-30min to obtain a uniform mixed solution;

[0038] (3) Infiltration treatment: Add the pretreated plant fiber matrix to the mixed solution, transfer it to a vacuum reactor, and immerse it in a vacuum environment of 45-50℃ and 0.08-0.1MPa for 2-4 hours, stirring at 100-150rpm for 10 minutes every 30 minutes during this period;

[0039] (4) Drying and molding: Take out the mixture and dry it in a forced air at 60-70℃ for 4-6 hours, controlling the moisture content to ≤8%; put it into a mold for hot pressing, with a hot pressing temperature of 160-180℃, a pressure of 8-12MPa, and a time of 5-10min;

[0040] (5) Post-treatment: The initial product is subjected to 30-50W surface corona treatment for 3-5 minutes to remove surface impurities and residual solvents, and the finished product is obtained. Example

[0041] A heat-insulating and antibacterial interior material, by weight, comprises the following components: plant fiber base (2 parts of mugwort floss + 0.5 parts of loofah sponge), 0.15 parts of sorrel, 1.5 parts of peppermint extract, and 0.08 parts of honeysuckle extract.

[0042] Preparation method:

[0043] (1) Raw material pretreatment: After the loofah sponge is pretreated according to the pretreatment steps, it is mixed with 2 parts of mugwort floss, washed with water 3 times, vacuum dried at 90℃ for 2.5h, and crushed to a length of 5-8mm; the mugwort floss is preferably ground at low temperature to ensure the integrity of the fiber structure and facilitate subsequent penetration treatment;

[0044] (2) Soluble solution: Add 0.15 parts of sedge to 1.5 parts of peppermint extract, stir at 35℃ and 180 rpm for 45 min, add 0.08 parts of honeysuckle extract, and continue stirring for 25 min until the solution is uniform and transparent, to avoid uneven function caused by incomplete dissolution of sedge;

[0045] (3) Infiltration treatment: The liquid-solid ratio of the mixed solution to the plant fiber matrix is ​​4:1 (mL / g). The mixture is vacuum-impregnated at 45℃ and 0.09MPa for 3h to ensure that the fiber matrix is ​​fully impregnated. During this period, the mixture is stirred for 10min every 30min to break the liquid-solid interfacial tension and promote the full penetration of erucic acid and antibacterial additives into the microporous structure of the plant fiber matrix.

[0046] (4) Drying and molding: Take the mixture after infiltration treatment out of the reactor, spread it evenly on a tray, and dry it at 65℃ for 5 hours with forced air. Turn it over once every 1 hour during the period to ensure uniform drying and control the final moisture content to ≤8%. Hot press at 170℃ and 10MPa for 8 minutes to make the material structure dense. According to the application requirements of the product, needle punching process can be used to assist in molding after hot pressing. The pre-needle punching density is 250-300 needles / cm², and the main needle punching density is 400-450 needles / cm², which further improves the mechanical strength and structural stability of the material.

[0047] (5) Post-treatment: 40W corona treatment for 4 minutes to remove residual solvent and trace impurities on the surface, while improving the surface activity of the material, which facilitates subsequent cutting, bonding and other application processing to obtain the finished product.

[0048] Under certain processing conditions, after the sorrel dissolves, it penetrates into the microporous structure of the mugwort floss, and can slowly release its aromatic scent.

[0049] Rumex enhances the cell membrane permeability of Artemisia argyi flavonoids, making it easier for the active ingredients to penetrate microorganisms. Simultaneously, the terpenes in Artemisia argyi can dissolve the lipid layer on the surface of microorganisms, creating more favorable conditions for rumexex to exert its effects. Experiments have shown that the antibacterial efficiency of the composite material is more than 40% higher than that of the single component, especially showing significant inhibitory effects against Legionella bacteria commonly found in air conditioning systems. Analysis and testing reports from the Guangdong Provincial Center for Microbiology Analysis and Testing in China show that the composite material has an inhibition value >7.3 and an inhibition rate >99% against Escherichia coli, an inhibition value >6.9 and an inhibition rate >99% against Staphylococcus aureus, an inhibition value >6.2 and an inhibition rate >99% against Candida albicans, an inhibition value >6.6 and an inhibition rate >99% against Shigella sonnei, and an inhibition value >7.4 and an inhibition rate >99% against Salmonella enterica subsp. typhoid serotype.

[0050] The porous structure of mugwort floss can effectively adsorb formaldehyde molecules, while ergonomic acid promotes the decomposition of formaldehyde into formic acid, which is then mineralized into CO2 and water. This synergistic effect enables the composite material to achieve a formaldehyde removal rate of 98%, far exceeding that of traditional activated carbon materials (70% removal rate).

Claims

1. A heat-insulating and antibacterial interior material, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following parts by weight: 1-3 parts plant fiber base, 0.1-0.2 parts sour mold, and 1-2 parts solvent; The plant fiber matrix includes mugwort floss and loofah sponge, with a mass ratio of loofah sponge to mugwort floss of 1:(3-5). The mugwort floss has an average length of 3-10 mm, a porosity of ≥75%, and a thermal conductivity of ≤0.04 W / m·K. The purity of the sour mold is ≥98%, and the particle size D50 is ≤1μm; The solvent has the ability to dissolve sedamame and has a water content of ≥80%.

2. The interior material with heat insulation and antibacterial properties according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loofah sponge is used after pretreatment. The pretreatment steps are as follows: after washing to remove impurities, it is dried at 80-90℃ for 2-3 hours, crushed to a length of 2-8 mm, ultrasonically cleaned for 15-20 minutes, and then vacuum dried at a temperature of 80-90℃ for 1-2 hours, with the moisture content controlled to be ≤5%.

3. The interior material with heat insulation and antibacterial properties according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solvent is selected from at least one of peppermint extract, artemisia extract, and honeysuckle extract; The extraction process is solvent extraction or distillation extraction. After extraction, the material is filtered through a 200-300 mesh filter to remove impurities, leaving no solid particles and achieving a purity of ≥90%.

4. The heat-insulating and antibacterial interior material according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes 0.05-0.1 parts by weight of a plant antibacterial adjuvant, wherein the plant antibacterial adjuvant is selected from at least one of honeysuckle extract and peppermint extract, and has a purity ≥95%.

5. A method for preparing a heat-insulating and antibacterial interior material as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Raw material pretreatment: Wash the plant fiber base material with water 2-3 times to remove impurities, place it in a vacuum drying oven at 80-100℃ for 2-3 hours, and control the moisture content to ≤5% for later use; (2) Dissolving Sorbet: Add sorbet to the solvent and stir at 30-40℃ and 150-200rpm for 30-60min until completely dissolved; if plant antibacterial adjuvants are added, add them at this time and continue stirring for 20-30min to obtain a uniform mixed solution; (3) Infiltration treatment: Add the pretreated plant fiber matrix to the mixed solution, transfer it to a vacuum reactor, and immerse it in a vacuum environment of 45-50℃ and 0.08-0.1MPa for 2-4 hours, stirring at 100-150rpm for 10 minutes every 30 minutes during this period; (4) Drying and molding: Take out the mixture and dry it in a forced air at 60-70℃ for 4-6 hours, controlling the moisture content to ≤8%; put it into a mold for hot pressing, with a hot pressing temperature of 160-180℃, a pressure of 8-12MPa, and a time of 5-10min; (5) Post-treatment: The initial product is subjected to 30-50W surface corona treatment for 3-5 minutes to remove surface impurities and residual solvents, and the finished product is obtained.