A steel ball hardness uniform heat treatment furnace and treatment method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of heat treatment technology, specifically to a heat treatment furnace and method for achieving uniform hardness of steel balls. It enables continuous operation of uniform heating of steel balls without collision. The device employs a top meshing rack driving the main shaft gear to reciprocate the central output shaft. The bottom meshing rack, through a side gear and helical gear structure, is converted into intermittent rotation and axial vibration of a unidirectional vibrating shaft. A movable platform inside the inner storage cylinder rises and falls under the drive of an active crank, lifting the steel balls one by one to the top roller. The top roller reciprocates, alternately distributing the steel balls to the two side rollers. Each side has four side rollers that rotate synchronously and intermittently under the drive of a belt and a parallel double crank structure, causing the steel balls to roll down the inner wall edge of the furnace body step by step, resulting in uniform heating without stacking or collision. Finally, the balls are output from the bottom roller. This structure effectively solves the problems of large temperature differences between the inner and outer layers, uneven hardness, and micro-cracks caused by rotational collisions in traditional heat treatment furnaces due to steel ball stacking, significantly improving product consistency and fatigue life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat treatment technology, specifically to a heat treatment furnace and method that can achieve uniform hardness of steel balls. Background Technology

[0002] Because the furnace heating area is concentrated on the outside and the steel balls are mostly stacked in batches, there is a significant temperature gradient between the inner and outer layers of steel balls during the heating process, with a temperature difference of up to 30-50℃. This directly results in a large variation in hardness after quenching and poor consistency in product performance.

[0003] During the rotary mixing process, the steel balls collide and squeeze against each other, which easily causes micro-cracks and mechanical damage on the surface. This not only destroys the surface integrity of the steel balls, but also significantly reduces the fatigue life of the material, affecting the reliability and service life of the final product.

[0004] Due to the coexistence of uneven heating and mechanical damage issues, existing processes struggle to balance heat treatment quality and surface integrity, resulting in limited product yield. Furthermore, they require manual intervention for adjustments, leading to low automation and constraints on production continuity and efficiency.

[0005] In view of this, we propose a heat treatment furnace and method that can achieve uniform hardness of steel balls. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a heat treatment furnace and method for achieving uniform hardness of steel balls, thereby solving the problem of cracks caused by stacking and collisions during heating in the steel ball heat treatment furnaces mentioned in the background art. To achieve the above objective, this invention provides the following technical solution: A heat treatment furnace for achieving uniform hardness of steel balls, comprising a furnace body, a base mounting plate fixedly connected to one end of the furnace body, a drive housing fixedly connected to the outer surface of the furnace body, an input chamber opened at the other end of the furnace body, a quenching tank fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the furnace body, reciprocating drive teeth provided on the inner surface of the drive housing, a central output shaft provided on the inner surface of the drive housing, a unidirectional vibration shaft provided on the outer surface of the base mounting plate, an execution roller provided on the inner surface of the furnace body, an inner storage cylinder provided on the inner surface of the furnace body, a lifting and transport seat provided on the inner surface of the inner storage cylinder, and a discharge channel provided on the bottom surface of the furnace body.

[0007] Preferably, the reciprocating drive gear includes a drive motor, which is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the drive housing. A constant speed crank is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor. A transverse reciprocating seat is slidably connected to the outer surface of the constant speed crank, and a limit beam is slidably connected to the inner surface of the transverse reciprocating seat. A meshing rack is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the transverse reciprocating seat.

[0008] Preferably, the constant speed crank is rotatably connected to the inner surface of the drive housing, the limiting crossbeam is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the drive housing, the limiting crossbeam passes through the transverse reciprocating seat, and the number of meshing racks is three, which are respectively fixedly connected to the top and bottom sides of the transverse reciprocating seat.

[0009] Preferably, the central output shaft includes an inner and outer shell, the inner and outer shells being fixedly connected to the inner surface of the drive shell, an outer spindle being rotatably connected to the inner surface of the inner shell, and a spindle gear being fixedly connected to the outer surface of the outer spindle. An inner spindle is rotatably connected to the inner surface of the inner shell, a transmission belt is fitted onto the outer surface of the inner spindle, and a connecting side plate is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the inner spindle.

[0010] Preferably, there are two outer spindles, symmetrically distributed at the top and bottom of the inner and outer shells. The spindle gear is fixedly connected only to the top outer spindle, meshing with a gear rack. A belt drive connects the outer and inner spindles, and both the inner and outer spindles penetrate the base mounting plate and are slidably connected to its inner wall.

[0011] Preferably, the unidirectional vibration shaft includes a side output shaft, which is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the base mounting plate. One end of the side output shaft is fixedly connected to a fixed slot shaft. A compression spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the fixed slot shaft, and a sliding gear seat is slidably connected to the outer surface of the fixed slot shaft. One end of the sliding gear seat has a driven helical tooth groove. A side gear is rotatably connected to the inner surface of the drive housing, and one end of the side gear is fixedly connected to an active helical tooth groove.

[0012] Preferably, there are two unidirectional vibration shafts that are symmetrically distributed. The outer surface of the fixed slot shaft is provided with annularly distributed grooves. The two ends of the compression spring are in contact with the side output shaft and the connecting side plate, respectively. The tooth grooves of the driven helical tooth groove and the active helical tooth groove are respectively inclined and straight. The driven helical tooth groove meshes with the active helical tooth groove. The side gear meshes with the meshing rack. The connecting side plate is slidably connected to the sliding tooth seat.

[0013] Preferably, the actuating roller includes a side shaft, which is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the base mounting plate, and a belt is fitted onto the outer surface of the side shaft. A connecting rod is rotatably connected to one end of the side shaft, and a side roller is fixedly connected to the other end of the side shaft. A ball groove is formed on the outer surface of the side roller, and the outer main shaft is fixedly connected to the top roller and the bottom roller respectively.

[0014] Preferably, the side shafts penetrate the base mounting plate and are rotatably connected to its inner wall. The side shafts are symmetrically distributed, with four on each side. The two ends of the shaft belt are sleeved on the outer surfaces of the side shafts and the side output shaft. Both ends of the shaft connecting rod are rotatably connected to the side shafts. The side rollers have four ball bearing grooves arranged in a ring, the top roller has one ball bearing groove, and the bottom roller has four ball bearing grooves arranged in a ring. The side rollers, top roller, and bottom roller are all rotatably connected to the base mounting plate.

[0015] Preferably, the inner storage cylinder includes a heat-insulating sleeve, which is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the processing furnace body. An inner limiting groove is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the heat-insulating sleeve, and an outer limiting groove is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the processing furnace body.

[0016] Preferably, the side roller, top roller, and bottom roller are all slidably connected to the inner limiting groove and the outer limiting groove.

[0017] Preferably, the lifting and transporting seat includes a drive crank, which is fixedly connected to an inner main shaft. A connecting crank is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the constant speed crank. A movable platform is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting crank. A support groove is formed on the top surface of the movable platform, and a bottom wedge is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the movable platform. An inner limiting post is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the heat insulation sleeve. An inner hinge seat is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the heat insulation sleeve. A fixed support is hinged to the outer surface of the inner hinge seat. A movable support is slidably connected to the inner surface of the fixed support, and a support spring is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the movable support.

[0018] Preferably, the active crank is rotatably connected to the inner surface of the heat insulation sleeve, the inner limiting post penetrates the movable platform, the bottom wedge is slidably connected to the top surface of the movable support, and the two ends of the support spring are fixedly connected to the fixed support and the movable support, respectively.

[0019] Preferably, the discharge channel includes a bottom chute, which is hinged to the bottom surface of the furnace body, and a chute traction arm is hinged to one end of the bottom chute.

[0020] Preferably, the chute traction arms are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the bottom chute, and the chute traction arms are rotatably connected to the outer surface of the shaft connecting rod.

[0021] A heat treatment furnace method for achieving uniform hardness of steel balls. It includes the following steps:

[0022] S1. Steel balls enter the device through the input chamber of the furnace body and first fall into the heat insulation sleeve for temporary storage. The heat insulation sleeve is equipped with a funnel-shaped material receiving structure consisting of an inner hinge seat, a fixed support, a movable support, and a support spring. The steel balls are stacked on top of the movable support at low temperature and are distributed to both sides due to the slight inclination of the fixed support. When the movable platform descends, the bottom wedge block at its bottom inserts into the gap of the movable support, pushing the movable support to separate to both sides. Under the action of gravity, the steel balls gather towards the center and fall into the support groove at the top of the movable platform, realizing automatic material collection.

[0023] S2. The drive motor drives the uniform-speed crank to rotate at a uniform speed. The uniform-speed crank and the transverse reciprocating seat form a crank-slider mechanism, which drives the transverse reciprocating seat to move laterally and reciprocally along the limiting crossbeam. The meshing rack at the top of the transverse reciprocating seat meshes with the main shaft gear, driving the outer and inner main shafts of the center output shaft to rotate 90 degrees forward and backward. The two meshing racks at the bottom of the transverse reciprocating seat mesh with two side gears respectively, driving the side gears of the unidirectional vibration shaft to rotate synchronously 90 degrees forward and backward. The drive housing is separated from the main body of the processing furnace by the base mounting plate to achieve heat insulation protection.

[0024] S3. The inner main shaft drives the active crank to rotate, which in turn drives the movable platform to move vertically up and down under the limit of the inner limit post. The movable platform lifts the steel balls in the support groove from the heat insulation sleeve to the highest position. At this time, the steel ball groove of the top roller rotates to the bottom, and the steel balls are pushed into the top roller. The top roller rotates 90 degrees forward and backward with the outer main shaft, alternately distributing the steel balls in the steel ball groove to the side rollers on both sides. The side rollers rotate intermittently in one direction under the drive of the side shafts. The four side shafts on each side are connected to the side output shaft through the shaft belt and form a parallel double crank structure through the shaft connecting rod to ensure that the four side rollers rotate synchronously. The steel balls are transported down the inner wall edge of the processing furnace body step by step in the steel ball groove of the side rollers, continuously receiving uniform heating and avoiding mutual stacking and collision. The heated steel balls finally fall into the steel ball groove of the bottom roller.

[0025] S4. The reciprocating rotation of the side gear is transmitted through the meshing of the active helical tooth groove and the driven helical tooth groove of the sliding tooth seat. When the active helical tooth groove is in direct contact with the driven helical tooth groove, the sliding tooth seat drives the fixed slot shaft and the side output shaft to rotate unidirectionally. When the rotation directions are opposite, the helical contact generates an axial component force, pushing the sliding tooth seat to move axially on the fixed slot shaft and compressing the compression spring. After the tooth groove disengages, the compression spring resets, generating vibration. The two unidirectional vibration shafts are symmetrically distributed and rotate in opposite directions, alternately realizing the rotation and vibration functions. This promotes the position adjustment of the steel balls during transportation to prevent jamming. The bottom roller reciprocates with the outer main shaft, releasing the heated steel balls from the steel ball groove into the bottom slide groove. The bottom slide groove is connected to the shaft connecting rod through the slide groove traction arm and rotates under the drive of the side shaft, conveying the steel balls to the quenching tank to complete the entire heat treatment process. The inner and outer limit grooves ensure a smooth transition of the steel balls between the side roller, top roller, and bottom roller.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] In this invention, the uniform heating and anti-collision handling of steel balls are achieved through the coordination of the lifting transport seat, the execution roller, and the inner storage cylinder. The active crank drives the movable platform to rise and fall vertically under the guidance of the inner limit column, lifting the steel balls sequentially from the heat insulation sleeve to the top roller. The top roller oscillates back and forth, alternately distributing the steel balls to the two side rollers. The four side rollers on each side rotate synchronously in one direction intermittently under the drive of the parallel double crank structure composed of the shaft belt and shaft connecting rod, so that the steel balls are transported down the inner wall edge of the processing furnace body step by step, and finally output by the bottom roller. During this process, the steel balls are always in the steel ball groove and facing outward, without stacking or colliding with each other, and are continuously and uniformly heated by the furnace wall, ensuring consistent hardness.

[0028] In this invention, intelligent material collection and stable feeding are achieved through the cooperation of a movable platform, a fixed support, a movable support, and a bottom wedge. When the movable platform descends, the bottom wedge inserts into the gap of the movable support, pushing the movable support to both sides and compressing the support spring. This causes the steel balls stacked on the movable support to converge towards the center and roll into the support groove. After the movable platform rises, the movable support resets and lifts upward under the action of the support spring and the torsion spring of the inner hinge seat, diverting the remaining steel balls to both sides and preventing edge accumulation. This structure ensures that steel balls, regardless of quantity, can automatically converge to the movable platform, guaranteeing continuous and stable feeding and improving the automation level and production continuity of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a side view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a side view of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a front view of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the interlocking structure of the reciprocating drive gear, the central output shaft, and the unidirectional vibration shaft of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the interlocking structure of the reciprocating drive gear components of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the reciprocating drive gear of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the interaction between the center output shaft and the actuator roller of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the interlocking structure of the components of the central output shaft of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the unidirectional vibration shaft and the inner main shaft of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the interoperability of the components of the unidirectional vibration shaft of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the interlocking structure of the various components of the actuator roller of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the interaction between the inner storage cylinder and the execution roller of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat insulation sleeve and the lifting transport seat of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperative structure of the active crank, connecting crank, and movable platform of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the interaction between the active platform and the active support of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the fixed support and the movable support of the present invention cooperate with each other;

[0046] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the interaction between the movable support and the support spring of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the interaction between the shaft connecting rod and the discharge channel of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 20 This is a flowchart of the discharge channel of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 21 This is flowchart A of the side roller handling process of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 22 This is flowchart B of the side roller handling process of the present invention.

[0051] In the diagram: 1. Furnace body; 11. Base mounting plate; 12. Drive housing; 13. Input chamber; 14. Quenching tank; 2. Reciprocating drive gear; 21. Drive motor; 22. Uniform crank; 23. Transverse reciprocating seat; 231. Limiting beam; 24. Meshing rack; 3. Center output shaft; 31. Inner and outer housings; 32. Outer spindle; 321. Spindle gear; 33. Inner spindle; 331. Transmission belt; 332. Connecting side plate; 4. Unidirectional vibration shaft; 41. Side output shaft; 42. Fixed slot shaft; 421. Compression spring; 43. Sliding gear seat; 431. Driven helical gear groove; 44. Side gear; 44 1. Active helical tooth groove; 5. Actuating roller; 51. Side shaft; 511. Shaft belt; 512. Shaft connecting rod; 53. Side roller; 531. Steel ball groove; 54. Top roller; 55. Bottom roller; 6. Inner storage cylinder; 61. Heat insulation sleeve; 62. Inner limiting groove; 621. Outer limiting groove; 7. Lifting and transporting seat; 71. Active crank; 711. Connecting crank; 72. Movable platform; 721. Support groove; 722. Bottom wedge; 73. Inner limiting post; 74. Inner hinge seat; 741. Fixed support; 75. Movable support; 751. Support spring; 8. Discharge channel; 81. Bottom slide groove; 82. Slide groove traction arm. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] Please see Figures 1 to 22 The present invention provides a technical solution: a heat treatment furnace capable of achieving uniform hardness of steel balls, comprising a furnace body 1, a base mounting plate 11 fixedly connected to one end of the furnace body 1, a drive housing 12 fixedly connected to the outer surface of the furnace body 1, an input chamber 13 opened at the other end of the furnace body 1, a quenching groove 14 fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the furnace body 1, reciprocating drive teeth 2 provided on the inner surface of the drive housing 12, a central output shaft 3 provided on the inner surface of the drive housing 12, a unidirectional vibration shaft 4 provided on the outer surface of the base mounting plate 11, an execution roller 5 provided on the inner surface of the furnace body 1, an inner storage cylinder 6 provided on the inner surface of the furnace body 1, a lifting and transport seat 7 provided on the inner surface of the inner storage cylinder 6, and a discharge channel 8 provided on the bottom surface of the furnace body 1.

[0054] The main body of the furnace is heated by internal steel balls, which are input through the input chamber 13. The drive housing 12 is used to install the reciprocating drive gear 2, and the drive housing 12 and the main body of the furnace are separated by the base mounting plate 11 for heat insulation. Only the rotating shaft enters the interior of the main body of the furnace.

[0055] The reciprocating drive gear 2 includes a drive motor 21, which is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the drive housing 12. A constant speed crank 22 is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor 21. A transverse reciprocating seat 23 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the constant speed crank 22. A limit beam 231 is slidably connected to the inner surface of the transverse reciprocating seat 23. A meshing rack 24 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the transverse reciprocating seat 23.

[0056] The constant speed crank 22 is rotatably connected to the inner surface of the drive housing 12, the limiting crossbeam 231 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the drive housing 12, the limiting crossbeam 231 passes through the transverse reciprocating seat 23, and there are three meshing racks 24, which are fixedly connected to the top and bottom sides of the transverse reciprocating seat 23 respectively.

[0057] With the reciprocating drive gear 2 in place, during operation, the drive motor 21 drives the uniform crank 22 to rotate at a constant speed. The uniform crank 22 and the transverse reciprocating seat 23 form a crank-slider structure, causing the transverse reciprocating seat 23 to move back and forth. The connection between the transverse reciprocating seat 23 and the uniform crank 22 is a longitudinal groove. The transverse reciprocating seat 23 is transversely penetrated by the limiting beam 231 to restrict its movement path. During the rotation of the uniform crank 22, it will reciprocate up and down within the longitudinal groove, pushing and pulling the transverse reciprocating seat 23 to move back and forth. The speed of the drive motor 21 controls the feed speed of the transverse reciprocating seat 23, and the meshing racks 24 at the top and bottom of the transverse reciprocating seat 23 drive the central output shaft 3 and the unidirectional vibration shaft 4 to rotate.

[0058] The central output shaft 3 includes an inner and outer shell 31, which is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the drive shell 12. An outer spindle 32 is rotatably connected to the inner surface of the inner shell 31, and a spindle gear 321 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the outer spindle 32. An inner spindle 33 is rotatably connected to the inner surface of the inner shell 31, and a transmission belt 331 is sleeved on the outer surface of the inner spindle 33. A connecting side plate 332 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the inner spindle 33.

[0059] There are two outer spindles 32, which are symmetrically distributed at the top and bottom of the inner and outer shells 31. The spindle gear 321 is fixedly connected only to the top outer spindle 32. The spindle gear 321 meshes with the meshing rack 24. The outer spindle 32 and the inner spindle 33 are connected by a transmission belt 331 to form a belt drive. Both the inner spindle 33 and the outer spindle 32 pass through the base mounting plate 11 and are slidably connected to its inner wall.

[0060] With the central output shaft 3 in use, during the process of the transverse reciprocating seat 23 driving the top meshing rack 24 to move back and forth, it will mesh with the main shaft gear 321, causing the main shaft gear 321 to rotate back and forth, and the range of rotation is 180 degrees, that is, alternating rotation of 90 degrees in the forward and reverse directions.

[0061] The main shaft gear 321 directly drives the top outer main shaft 32 to rotate. The outer main shaft 32 and the inner main shaft 33 are directly connected by the transmission belt 331 to form a belt drive, causing the inner main shaft 33 to also rotate. The inner main shaft 33, in turn, forms a belt drive with the bottom outer main shaft 32. In this way, the two outer main shafts 32 and the inner main shaft 33 at the top and bottom all reciprocate with the main shaft gear 321, and their speed and direction of rotation are the same.

[0062] The unidirectional vibration shaft 4 includes a side output shaft 41, which is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the base mounting plate 11. One end of the side output shaft 41 is fixedly connected to a fixed slot shaft 42. A compression spring 421 is sleeved on the outer surface of the fixed slot shaft 42, and a sliding gear seat 43 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the fixed slot shaft 42. One end of the sliding gear seat 43 has a driven helical tooth groove 431. A side gear 44 is rotatably connected to the inner surface of the drive housing 12, and one end of the side gear 44 is fixedly connected to an active helical tooth groove 441.

[0063] There are two unidirectional vibration shafts 4, which are symmetrically distributed. The outer surface of the fixed slot shaft 42 is provided with annularly distributed grooves. The two ends of the compression spring 421 are in contact with the side output shaft 41 and the connecting side plate 332, respectively. The tooth grooves of the driven helical tooth groove 431 and the active helical tooth groove 441 are respectively inclined and straight. The driven helical tooth groove 431 meshes with the active helical tooth groove 441. The side gear 44 meshes with the meshing rack 24. The connecting side plate 332 is slidably connected to the sliding tooth seat 43.

[0064] With the unidirectional vibration shaft 4 in use, the transverse reciprocating seat 23 drives the two meshing racks 24 at the bottom to move back and forth, which in turn drives the side gear 44 to rotate back and forth, also at 90 degrees in both directions, and drives the active helical tooth groove 441 on the side gear 44 to rotate at the same speed.

[0065] The driving helical tooth groove 441 and the driven helical tooth groove 431 are in contact, and both have one straight surface and one inclined surface. When the driving helical tooth groove 441 and the driven helical tooth groove 431 are meshing:

[0066] If the rotation direction of the active helical tooth groove 441 is in direct contact with the driven helical tooth groove 431, only radial force will be generated, which will drive the driven helical tooth groove 431 to rotate synchronously. The sliding tooth seat 43 and the fixed slot shaft 42 are connected by the groove and the protrusion. When the driven helical tooth groove 431 drives the sliding tooth seat 43 to rotate, the fixed slot shaft 42 is subjected to radial force, thus rotating along with it and driving the side output shaft 41 to rotate.

[0067] When the rotation direction is reversed, the inclined plane applies pressure on the inclined plane, and the original radial force will be decomposed into an axial force, which will push the sliding tooth seat 43 axially away from the fixed slot shaft 42, and the connecting side plate 332 will also move away, so that the driven helical tooth groove 431 and the active helical tooth groove 441 will disengage and cannot rotate. When each tooth disengages, the compression spring 421 will push the sliding tooth seat 43 and the connecting side plate 332 back, so that this process is repeated, allowing the sliding tooth seat 43 to drive the connecting side plate 332 to reciprocate axial movement.

[0068] In this way, the reciprocating rotation of the side gear 44 is converted into the unidirectional rotation of the side output shaft 41. When the side output shaft 41 cannot rotate, the sliding tooth seat 43 moves rapidly axially back and forth to generate vibration. Since the unidirectional vibration shafts 4 on both sides are symmetrically distributed and opposite in direction, during the process of the two meshing racks 24 moving laterally in one direction, the side output shaft 41 on one side rotates while the sliding tooth seat 43 on the other side vibrates. When the two meshing racks 24 return, the movements are opposite again, so that the rotation and vibration on both sides alternate.

[0069] When the meshing rack 24 moves toward the side gear 44, the side gear 44 is pushed to rotate. When it returns, it does not rotate, so that the side gear 44 is fixed and transports the inner steel ball to the outer edge.

[0070] The actuator roller 5 includes a side shaft 51, which is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the base mounting plate 11. A shaft belt 511 is fitted on the outer surface of the side shaft 51. A shaft connecting rod 512 is rotatably connected to one end of the side shaft 51. A side roller 53 is fixedly connected to one end of the side shaft 51. A steel ball groove 531 is opened on the outer surface of the side roller 53. The outer main shaft 32 is fixedly connected to the top roller 54 and the bottom roller 55 respectively.

[0071] The side shaft 51 passes through the base mounting plate 11 and is rotatably connected to its inner wall. The side shafts 51 are symmetrically distributed, with four on each side. The two ends of the shaft belt 511 are sleeved on the outer surfaces of the side shafts 51 and the side output shaft 41. Both ends of the shaft connecting rod 512 are rotatably connected to the side shafts 51. The side roller 53 has four steel ball grooves 531 arranged in a ring. The top roller 54 has one steel ball groove 531. The bottom roller 55 has four steel ball grooves 531 arranged in a ring. The side roller 53, top roller 54 and bottom roller 55 are all rotatably connected to the base mounting plate 11.

[0072] By setting the roller 5, during use, the side output shaft 41 only rotates when in direct contact, thus achieving intermittent rotation with a constant direction of rotation. It drives the two adjacent side shafts 51 to rotate via the shaft belt 511. There are four side shafts 51 on each side. The other two side shafts 51 are connected to the inner side shaft 51 via the shaft connecting rod 512, forming a parallel double crank structure. They rotate with the side shaft 51 and have the same speed and direction of rotation. In this way, the unidirectional intermittent rotation of the side output shaft 41 on each side is distributed to the four side shafts 51 on that side.

[0073] The side shaft 51 is connected to the side roller 53, which drives the side roller 53 to rotate intermittently for transporting steel balls on the periphery. The top roller 54 and bottom roller 55 are connected to the top and bottom rollers 54 and 55 respectively, realizing reciprocating rotation. The main shaft gear 321 and the side gear 44 rotate 90 degrees each time, so the top roller 54 and bottom roller 55 rotate 90 degrees reciprocatingly, while the side roller 53 rotates 90 degrees at a time.

[0074] The rotation of the top roller 54 and the lifting of the lifting transport seat 7 are both controlled by the main shaft gear 321, and the movements are synchronized. When the lifting transport seat 7 lifts the steel ball, the steel ball groove 531 of the top roller 54 rotates from both sides to the bottom, and the steel ball is directly pushed into the steel ball groove 531 of the top roller 54. Then the top roller 54 rotates again to rotate the steel ball groove 531 to the side, aligning with the steel ball groove 531 on the side roller 53. Due to gravity and the throwing action during rotation, the steel ball will roll into the steel ball groove 531 of the side roller 53. As the top roller 54 rotates back and forth, it will alternately transport the steel ball to the steel ball groove 531 of the side roller 53 on both sides.

[0075] The four side rollers 53 on each side rotate in the same direction and at the same speed. Each rotation is 90 degrees and the steel ball grooves 531 are also distributed at 90 degrees. When the side rollers 53 rotate 90 degrees each time, the steel ball grooves 531 will align and the steel balls inside will roll into the lower side rollers 53, and then receive steel balls from the upper side. During rotation, the steel balls are transported from the inside to the outside along the inner wall edge of the furnace body 1. In this way, the steel balls will be continuously heated by the inner wall of the furnace body 1, and they will not stack or collide with each other during the heating process.

[0076] After the steel balls pass through the four side rollers 53, the bottom roller 55 at the bottom also rotates back and forth, causing the steel balls on the side rollers 53 to fall into the steel ball groove 531 of the bottom roller 55, and rotates to make the steel balls rotate downwards, alternately outputting the steel balls on both sides.

[0077] The inner storage cylinder 6 includes a heat insulation sleeve 61, which is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the processing furnace body 1. An inner limiting groove 62 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the heat insulation sleeve 61, and an outer limiting groove 621 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the processing furnace body 1.

[0078] The side roller 53, top roller 54 and bottom roller 55 are all slidably connected to the inner limiting groove 62 and the outer limiting groove 621.

[0079] With the inner storage cylinder 6, the heat insulation sleeve 61 is used to buffer unheated steel balls during use, so that the steel balls are stacked at low temperature. The inner limiting groove 62 and the outer limiting groove 621 restrict the path of the steel balls when they roll between the side rollers 53, preventing the steel balls from getting stuck in the gaps.

[0080] The lifting transport seat 7 includes an active crank 71, which is fixedly connected to the inner main shaft 33. A connecting crank 711 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the constant speed crank 22. A movable platform 72 is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting crank 711. A support groove 721 is provided on the top surface of the movable platform 72. A bottom wedge block 722 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the movable platform 72. An inner limiting post 73 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the heat insulation sleeve 61. An inner hinge seat 74 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the heat insulation sleeve 61. A fixed support 741 is hinged to the outer surface of the inner hinge seat 74. A movable support 75 is slidably connected to the inner surface of the fixed support 741. A support spring 751 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the movable support 75.

[0081] The active crank 71 is rotatably connected to the inner surface of the heat insulation sleeve 61, the inner limiting post 73 passes through the movable platform 72, the bottom wedge block 722 is slidably connected to the top surface of the movable support 75, and the two ends of the support spring 751 are fixedly connected to the fixed support 741 and the movable support 75 respectively.

[0082] By raising the transport seat 7, during use, the steel balls in the heat insulation sleeve 61 are sequentially fed into the top roller 54. The active crank 71 is driven by the inner main shaft 33, and the rotation speed and direction are the same as those of the outer main shaft 32, so the operation is synchronized with the reciprocating swing of the top roller 54.

[0083] The movable platform 72 is used for lifting and lowering within the steel ball pile. The inner limit column 73 restricts the movable platform 72 to only lift and lower vertically and cannot rotate. When the movable platform 72 is at the bottom, the steel balls will slide into the top support groove 721 of the movable platform 72 and enter the top roller 54 after being lifted.

[0084] The groove connecting the inner limiting post 73 and the movable platform 72 is a rectangle with semicircles on both sides. The width of the rectangle is the same as that of the inner limiting post 73, but the length is greater than the radial dimension of the inner limiting post 73. This allows the movable platform 72 to swing axially with the connecting side plate 332, but it cannot rotate. This allows the steel balls to be shaken into the support groove 721 and stuck to provide support when entering the steel ball pile.

[0085] The active crank 71 is connected to the movable platform 72 via the connecting crank 711. When the active crank 71 rotates to the top, the movable platform 72 is raised to its highest point, and the active crank 71 and the connecting crank 711 are spread out at a flat angle. When the active crank 71 rotates to the bottom, the movable platform 72 cannot rotate, so the active crank 71 and the connecting crank 711 overlap. Thus, the height raised at the top is the sum of the active crank 71 and the connecting crank 711, and the height lowered at the bottom is the length of the active crank 71. This corresponds to the different heights the movable platform 72 needs to extend from the heat insulation sleeve 61 when lifting to transport steel balls, and the different heights it needs to be inside the heat insulation sleeve 61 when lowering to receive steel balls.

[0086] The heat insulation sleeve 61 is connected to the fixed support 741 and the movable support 75 through the inner hinge seat 74. The movable support 75 can slide inside the fixed support 741 but will be pushed out by the support spring 751, so that the movable supports 75 on both sides contact each other. A torsion spring is sleeved at the rotatable connection between the inner hinge seat 74 and the fixed support 741 to keep the fixed support 741 raised upward.

[0087] When the movable platform 72 is lowered, the fixed support 741 and the movable support 75 maintain an upward tilt angle, and the tilt angle is small. The movable supports 75 are close to a plane. The steel balls are stacked on top of the fixed support 741 and the movable support 75, and are distributed to both sides due to the tilt angle. At this time, the edges of the movable supports 75 are in contact with each other, and the downward pressure of the steel balls is downward, making it difficult to push the movable supports 75 to both sides. Until the movable platform 72 is lowered, the bottom wedge block 722 extends into the gap at the top of the movable support 75, and the movable support 75 is pushed away and pressed down by the movable platform 72 until the movable platform 72 is at the bottom. The movable supports 75 and the fixed support 741 on both sides are equivalent to hoppers, which cause the steel balls to gather in the middle and roll onto the movable platform 72. Even if the number of steel balls decreases, they will still gather on the movable platform 72 for handling.

[0088] The discharge channel 8 includes a bottom chute 81, which is hinged to the bottom surface of the processing furnace body 1. One end of the bottom chute 81 is hinged to a chute traction arm 82.

[0089] The chute traction arms 82 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the bottom chute 81, and the chute traction arms 82 are rotatably connected to the outer surface of the shaft connecting rod 512.

[0090] With the discharge channel 8 in place, during use, the bottom slide 81 is connected to the shaft connecting rod 512 via the slide traction arm 82. The shaft connecting rod 512 rotates with the side shaft 51. Since the side shafts 51 on both sides rotate in opposite directions, the shaft connecting rod 512 will move inward or outward at the same time. When moving inward, since it is connected to the bottom slide 81 from both sides, the bottom slide 81 will rotate downward to output the steel balls that fall from below the bottom roller 55.

[0091] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, each component is installed inside the processing furnace body 1 and the drive housing 12;

[0092] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the reciprocating drive gear 2, central output shaft 3, and unidirectional vibration shaft 4 inside the drive housing 12 are separated from the execution roller 5, inner storage cylinder 6, and lifting and transporting seat 7 inside the processing furnace body 1 by the base mounting plate 11. The reciprocating drive gear 2, central output shaft 3, and unidirectional vibration shaft 4 are the drive parts, and the execution roller 5, inner storage cylinder 6, and lifting and transporting seat 7 are the execution parts.

[0093] In this embodiment, as Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the reciprocating drive gear 2 converts uniform rotation into reciprocating motion through the uniform crank 22, and drives the main shaft gear 321 and the side gear 44 to rotate.

[0094] In this embodiment, as Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the main shaft gear 321 directly drives the outer main shaft 32 and the inner main shaft 33 to rotate, and ultimately drives the top roller 54 and the bottom roller 55 to reciprocate.

[0095] In this embodiment, as Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, the unidirectional vibration shaft 4 converts reciprocating rotation into unidirectional rotation and vibration through the cooperation of the active helical tooth groove 441 and the driven helical tooth groove 431, and transmits the vibration to the inner main shaft 33.

[0096] In this embodiment, as Figure 12 , Figure 13 As shown, the side roller 53 is driven by the shaft belt 511 and the shaft connecting rod 512, with the same rotation speed and direction, and surrounds the outside of the heat insulation sleeve 61.

[0097] In this embodiment, as Figure 14 , Figure 15 , Figure 16 As shown, when the movable platform 72 is raised, it extends beyond the heat insulation sleeve 61, and when it is lowered, it is inside the heat insulation sleeve 61. Asymmetrical lifting and lowering are achieved through the cooperation of the active crank 71 and the connecting crank 711.

[0098] In this embodiment, as Figure 17 , Figure 18 As shown, the fixed support 741 and the movable support 75 maintain an upward tilt angle, and the tilt angle is small. The movable supports 75 are close to a plane. The steel balls are stacked on the top of the fixed support 741 and the movable support 75. The movable supports 75 are against each other and cannot be pressed down. The movable supports 75 need to be pushed laterally to flip downward.

[0099] In this embodiment, as Figure 19 , Figure 20 As shown, the bottom slide 81 is connected to the shaft connecting rod 512 through the slide traction arm 82. The shaft connecting rod 512 will move inward or outward at the same time, which will push the bottom slide 81 downward.

[0100] In this embodiment, as Figure 21 , Figure 22 As shown, the ball groove 531 of the top roller 54 of the movable platform 72 is facing upwards. When the top roller 54 rotates 90 degrees clockwise, the steel balls slide into the ball groove 531 of the side roller 53 on one side. The movable platform 72 then descends again to collect a new round of steel balls. The steel balls in the side roller 53 are gradually transported downwards as the side roller 53 rotates. Due to the rotation direction of the side rollers 53 on both sides, the steel balls move outwards along the inner wall of the furnace body 1 for heating.

[0101] The invention provides a heat treatment furnace and method for achieving uniform hardness of steel balls. The working process is as follows:

[0102] like Figures 1 to 22 As shown, during use, steel balls enter the device through the input chamber 13 of the furnace body 1 and first fall into the heat insulation sleeve 61 for temporary storage. The heat insulation sleeve 61 is equipped with a funnel-shaped material receiving structure consisting of an inner hinge seat 74, a fixed support 741, a movable support 75, and a support spring 751. The steel balls are stacked on top of the movable support 75 at low temperature and are distributed to both sides due to the slight inclination of the fixed support 741. When the movable platform 72 descends, the bottom wedge 722 at its bottom is inserted into the gap of the movable support 75, pushing the movable support 75 to separate to both sides. Under the action of gravity, the steel balls gather towards the center and fall into the support groove 721 at the top of the movable platform 72, realizing automatic material collection.

[0103] The drive motor 21 drives the uniform speed crank 22 to rotate at a uniform speed. The uniform speed crank 22 and the transverse reciprocating seat 23 form a crank-slider mechanism, which drives the transverse reciprocating seat 23 to move laterally and reciprocally along the limiting beam 231. The meshing rack 24 at the top of the transverse reciprocating seat 23 meshes with the main shaft gear 321, driving the outer main shaft 32 and inner main shaft 33 of the center output shaft 3 to rotate 90 degrees forward and backward. The two meshing racks 24 at the bottom of the transverse reciprocating seat 23 mesh with two side gears 44 respectively, driving the side gears 44 of the unidirectional vibration shaft 4 to rotate 90 degrees forward and backward synchronously. The drive housing 12 is separated from the main body of the processing furnace 1 by the base mounting plate 11 to achieve heat insulation protection.

[0104] The inner main shaft 33 drives the active crank 71 to rotate, which in turn drives the movable platform 72 to move vertically up and down under the limit of the inner limit post 73. The movable platform 72 lifts the steel balls in the support groove 721 from the heat insulation sleeve 61 to the highest position. At this time, the steel ball groove 531 of the top roller 54 rotates to the bottom, and the steel balls are pushed into the top roller 54. The top roller 54 rotates back and forth 90 degrees with the outer main shaft 32, and alternately distributes the steel balls in the steel ball groove 531 to the side rollers 53 on both sides. The side rollers 53 rotate intermittently in one direction under the drive of the side shaft 51. The four side shafts 51 on each side are connected to the side output shaft 41 through the shaft belt 511 and form a parallel double crank structure through the shaft connecting rod 512 to ensure that the four side rollers 53 rotate synchronously. The steel balls are transported down the inner wall edge of the processing furnace body 1 step by step in the steel ball groove 531 of the side rollers 53, and continuously receive uniform heating, avoiding mutual stacking and collision. The heated steel balls eventually fall into the steel ball groove 531 of the bottom roller 55;

[0105] The reciprocating rotation of the side gear 44 is transmitted through the meshing of the active helical tooth groove 441 and the driven helical tooth groove 431 of the sliding tooth seat 43. When the active helical tooth groove 441 is in direct contact with the driven helical tooth groove 431, the sliding tooth seat 43 drives the fixed slot shaft 42 and the side output shaft 41 to rotate in one direction. When the rotation directions are opposite, the inclined contact generates an axial component force, which pushes the sliding tooth seat 43 to move axially on the fixed slot shaft 42 and compresses the compression spring 421. After the tooth groove is disengaged, the compression spring 421 returns to its original position, forming vibration. The two unidirectional vibration shafts 4 are symmetrically distributed and rotate in opposite directions, alternately realizing the rotation and vibration functions, promoting the position adjustment of the steel balls during the transportation process to prevent jamming. The bottom roller 55 reciprocates with the outer main shaft 32, releasing the heated steel balls from the steel ball groove 531 to the bottom slide groove 81. The bottom chute 81 is connected to the shaft connecting rod 512 via the chute traction arm 82 and rotates under the drive of the side shaft 51 to transport the steel balls to the quenching tank 14, completing the entire heat treatment process. The inner limiting groove 62 and the outer limiting groove 621 ensure that the steel balls smoothly transition between the side roller 53, the top roller 54 and the bottom roller 55.

[0106] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A heat treatment furnace capable of achieving uniform hardness of steel balls, comprising a furnace body, a base mounting plate fixedly connected to one end of the furnace body, a drive housing fixedly connected to the outer surface of the furnace body, an input chamber opened at the other end of the furnace body, and a quenching tank fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the furnace body, characterized in that: The inner surface of the drive housing is provided with reciprocating drive teeth as a column drive source. The reciprocating drive teeth drive a central output shaft located on the inner surface of the drive housing and a unidirectional vibration shaft located on the outer surface of the base mounting plate. The inner surface of the processing furnace body is provided with an execution roller for transporting steel balls. The execution roller is driven to rotate and vibrate in one direction by the cooperation of the central output shaft and the unidirectional vibration shaft. The inner surface of the processing furnace body is provided with an inner storage cylinder for buffering steel balls. The inner surface of the inner storage cylinder is provided with a lifting and transport seat driven to rise and fall by the central output shaft. The bottom surface of the processing furnace body is provided with a discharge channel driven to rotate by the execution roller. The central output shaft includes an inner and outer shell, the inner and outer shells are fixedly connected to the inner surface of the drive shell, the inner surface of the inner shell is rotatably connected to an outer spindle, and the inner surface of the inner shell is rotatably connected to an inner spindle. The unidirectional vibration shaft includes a side output shaft, which is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the base mounting plate. The actuator roller includes a side shaft that passes through the base mounting plate and is rotatably connected to its inner wall. A belt is fitted on the outer surface of the side shaft, and both ends of the belt are fitted on the outer surfaces of the side shaft and the side output shaft. One end of the side shaft is rotatably connected to a connecting rod for forming a parallel double crank structure. Four side shafts are symmetrically distributed on each side, and the two inner side shafts on each side are connected to the side output shaft via the belt, while the two outer side shafts are connected to the inner side shaft via the connecting rod and rotate synchronously with it. One end of the side shaft is fixedly connected to a side roller. The outer surface of the side roller has four annularly distributed steel ball grooves. The top roller and bottom roller are fixedly connected to the outer main shaft and driven to reciprocate. The top roller has one steel ball groove, and the bottom roller has four annularly distributed steel ball grooves. The side roller, top roller, and bottom roller are all slidably connected to the inner and outer limiting grooves to restrict the movement path of the steel balls. The inner storage cylinder includes a heat-insulating sleeve, which is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the processing furnace body and is used to buffer unheated steel balls. An inner limiting groove is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the heat-insulating sleeve, and an outer limiting groove is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the processing furnace body. The side roller, top roller, and bottom roller are all slidably connected to the inner and outer limiting grooves. The lifting and transporting seat includes an active crank, which is fixedly connected to and driven by the inner main shaft. The active crank rotates in the same direction as the inner main shaft and moves synchronously with the top roller. A connecting crank is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the active crank. A movable platform is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting crank. A support groove for carrying steel balls is formed on the top surface of the movable platform. A bottom wedge for pushing open the movable support is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the movable platform. An inner limiting post that penetrates the movable platform and restricts its vertical movement is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the heat insulation sleeve. An inner hinge seat is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the heat insulation sleeve. A fixed support that is held upward by a torsion spring is hinged to the outer surface of the inner hinge seat. A movable support is slidably connected to the inner surface of the fixed support. A support spring for pushing the movable support toward the fixed support is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the movable support. The movable support and the bottom wedge cooperate to realize the collection of steel balls into the support groove.

2. The heat treatment furnace for achieving uniform hardness of steel balls according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reciprocating drive gear includes a drive motor, which is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the drive housing. A uniform speed crank is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor. The uniform speed crank is rotatably connected to the inner surface of the drive housing. A transverse reciprocating seat is slidably connected to the outer surface of the uniform speed crank, forming a crank-slider structure. A limiting beam is slidably connected to the inner surface of the transverse reciprocating seat, and the limiting beam is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the drive housing and extends transversely through the transverse reciprocating seat to restrict its movement path. Three meshing racks are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the transverse reciprocating seat. The top meshing rack meshes with the central output shaft, and the bottom two meshing racks mesh with two unidirectional vibration shafts respectively.

3. The heat treatment furnace for achieving uniform hardness of steel balls according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer surface of the outer spindle is fixedly connected to a spindle gear that meshes with the top gear rack. The outer surface of the inner spindle is fitted with a transmission belt. The outer spindle and the inner spindle are connected by the transmission belt to form a belt drive and make their rotation speeds and directions the same. The outer spindle passes through the base mounting plate and is fixedly connected to the top roller and the bottom roller respectively, driving them to reciprocate. The inner spindle passes through the base mounting plate and is fixedly connected to the lifting transport seat to drive it to rise and fall. The outer surface of the inner spindle is rotatably connected to a connecting side plate, and the connecting side plate is connected to a unidirectional vibration shaft to transmit vibration.

4. A heat treatment furnace for achieving uniform hardness of steel balls according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the side output shaft is fixedly connected to a fixed slot shaft. A compression spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the fixed slot shaft. A sliding tooth seat is slidably connected to the outer surface of the fixed slot shaft. One end of the sliding tooth seat has a driven helical tooth groove. The inner surface of the drive housing is rotatably connected to a side gear that meshes with the meshing rack at the bottom. One end of the side gear is fixedly connected to an active helical tooth groove that meshes with the driven helical tooth groove. The tooth grooves of the driven helical tooth groove and the active helical tooth groove are respectively inclined and straight. The sliding tooth seat is slidably connected to the connecting side plate to transmit axial vibration. The side output shaft is connected to the actuator roller via a shaft belt to drive its intermittent rotation.

5. A heat treatment furnace for achieving uniform hardness of steel balls according to claim 4, characterized in that: The discharge channel includes a bottom chute, which is hinged to the bottom surface of the furnace body. One end of the bottom chute is hinged to a chute traction arm, which is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the bottom chute. The chute traction arm is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the shaft connecting rod and drives the bottom chute to rotate downward as the shaft connecting rod moves inward to output steel balls.

6. A heat treatment method for achieving uniform hardness of steel balls in a heat treatment furnace, comprising using a heat treatment furnace for achieving uniform hardness of steel balls as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Steel balls enter the device through the input chamber of the furnace body and first fall into the heat insulation sleeve for temporary storage. The heat insulation sleeve is equipped with a funnel-shaped material receiving structure consisting of an inner hinge seat, a fixed support, a movable support, and a support spring. The steel balls are stacked on top of the movable support at low temperature and are distributed to both sides due to the slight inclination of the fixed support. When the movable platform descends, the bottom wedge block at its bottom inserts into the gap of the movable support, pushing the movable support to separate to both sides. Under the action of gravity, the steel balls gather towards the center and fall into the support groove at the top of the movable platform, realizing automatic material collection. S2. The drive motor drives the uniform speed crank to rotate at a uniform speed. The uniform speed crank and the transverse reciprocating seat form a crank-slider mechanism, which drives the transverse reciprocating seat to move laterally and reciprocally along the limiting crossbeam. The meshing rack at the top of the transverse reciprocating seat meshes with the main shaft gear, driving the outer and inner main shafts of the center output shaft to rotate 90 degrees forward and backward. The two meshing racks at the bottom of the transverse reciprocating seat mesh with two side gears respectively, driving the side gears of the unidirectional vibration shaft to rotate 90 degrees forward and backward synchronously. The drive shell and the main body of the processing furnace are separated by the base mounting plate to achieve heat insulation protection. S3. The inner main shaft drives the active crank to rotate, and through the connecting crank, the movable platform moves vertically up and down under the limit of the inner limit column. The movable platform lifts the steel balls in the support groove from the heat insulation sleeve to the highest position. At this time, the steel ball groove of the top roller just rotates to the bottom, and the steel balls are pushed into the top roller. The top roller rotates back and forth 90 degrees with the outer main shaft, and distributes the steel balls in the steel ball groove to the side rollers on both sides. The side rollers rotate intermittently in one direction under the drive of the side shaft. The four side shafts on each side are connected to the side output shaft through the shaft belt and form a parallel double crank structure through the shaft connecting rod to ensure that the four side rollers rotate synchronously. The steel balls are transported down the inner wall edge of the processing furnace body in the steel ball groove of the side roller, and continuously receive uniform heating to avoid mutual stacking and collision. The heated steel balls finally fall into the steel ball groove of the bottom roller. S4. The reciprocating rotation of the side gear is transmitted through the meshing of the active helical tooth groove and the driven helical tooth groove of the sliding tooth seat. When the active helical tooth groove is in direct contact with the driven helical tooth groove, the sliding tooth seat drives the fixed slot shaft and the side output shaft to rotate in one direction. When the rotation direction is opposite, the helical contact generates an axial component force, which pushes the sliding tooth seat to move axially on the fixed slot shaft and compresses the compression spring. After the tooth groove disengages, the compression spring resets, forming vibration. The two unidirectional vibration shafts are symmetrically distributed and rotate in opposite directions, alternately realizing the rotation and vibration functions, promoting the position adjustment of the steel ball during the transportation process to prevent jamming. The bottom roller reciprocates with the outer main shaft, releasing the heated steel ball from the steel ball groove to the bottom slide groove. The bottom slide groove is connected to the shaft connecting rod through the slide groove traction arm and rotates under the drive of the side shaft, conveying the steel ball to the quenching tank to complete the entire heat treatment process. The inner limit groove and the outer limit groove ensure that the steel ball transitions smoothly between the side roller, the top roller and the bottom roller.

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