Numerical control machining defect detection method and device thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a numerical control machining defect detection method and device, which comprises a bed frame, movable rotary tooling and a machine box installed at the left and right positions of the top end of the bed frame, and fixed rotary tooling installed in the machine box, wherein the movable rotary tooling and the fixed rotary tooling are used for clamping the shaft workpiece to be detected; a bottom base is arranged between the movable rotary tooling and the machine box and is slidably installed at the top end of the bed frame through a guide rail, the top end of the bottom base is fixedly provided with a square frame, and a rotating drum structure coaxial with the rotary axes of the movable rotary tooling and the fixed rotary tooling is rotatably installed in the square frame. The square frame and the rotating drum structure are axially moved by the chain wheel translation structure, the gear and the rack follow the rotating structure during the movement, the rotating drum structure rotates, and then the CCD camera and the wireless micrometer are revolved around the shaft workpiece to complete the appearance vision and the radial runout detection at all places, so that the synchronous, efficient and high-coverage detection of the appearance and the radial runout defects of the workpiece is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of workpiece defect detection technology, specifically to a method and apparatus for detecting defects in CNC machining. Background Technology

[0002] Surface defect inspection of CNC machined parts is a crucial quality control step in precision manufacturing. It mainly relies on staff to use camera modules (industrial cameras or vision systems) and dial indicators to identify surface defects such as scratches, chips, burrs, and dimensional deviations, and to determine whether the workpiece is qualified or not. Before inspection, the workpiece must be cleaned and the drawing requirements must be clearly understood. Then, a macroscopic screening is carried out using camera modules. Multi-angle images are collected by optimizing lighting to observe the appearance integrity, texture consistency, and geometric anomalies. For key assembly dimensions, contact precision measurement is performed using dial indicators, such as quantitative verification of dimensional tolerances and geometric tolerances (e.g., circular runout). Finally, experienced inspection personnel conduct manual re-inspection by means of visual inspection and tactile examination, and make a judgment based on all information.

[0003] Currently, for the visual inspection of shaft workpieces and the detection of radial runout defects, the visual inspection of the appearance can be completed quickly with the help of a camera module. However, the radial runout inspection requires the operator to use a dial indicator to gradually and multi-pointly inspect along the axial direction of the shaft. During this process, the position of the dial indicator or the shaft workpiece needs to be adjusted. For each section being inspected, the height and position of the dial indicator stand must be manually adjusted to ensure that the probe is perpendicular to the axis and the preload is reasonable. Then, the workpiece is slowly rotated at least one revolution while closely monitoring the pointer fluctuations and recording the extreme values. If the shaft is long or the precision requirement is high, more than ten measuring points need to be set up, which takes several times longer than the visual inspection. Moreover, the operation is greatly affected by human factors. If the pressure applied by the operator is too large, it can easily cause local elastic deformation. If it is too small, poor contact will occur. In addition, uneven rotation speed and start-stop jerks will introduce inertial errors. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for detecting defects in CNC machining. The method involves adjusting the distance between a movable rotary fixture and a fixed rotary fixture, fixing the workpiece to be tested between the two fixtures, and manually adjusting the radial distance between the CCD camera, wireless dial indicator, and the outer wall of the workpiece until the detection requirements are met. Then, the control panel starts the reduction motor, which transmits power to the fixed rotary fixture and the sprocket translation structure, causing the workpiece to rotate. The sprocket translation structure drives the rectangular frame and rotating cylinder structure to move axially. During this movement, the gear and rack mechanism causes the rotating cylinder structure to rotate, and the CCD camera and wireless dial indicator revolve around the workpiece to complete visual inspection and radial runout detection at various locations. The initial clamping point of the workpiece is repeatedly adjusted and the detection is repeated several times, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for detecting defects in CNC machining, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S101: According to the length specifications of the shaft workpiece to be measured, manually adjust the distance between the movable rotary fixture and the fixed rotary fixture on the bed frame to ensure that the fixtures at both ends can stably and concentrically support the shaft. Load the shaft workpiece and fix it between the two fixtures to complete the initial clamping. Operate several manual positioning stages on the outer wall of the rotary structure to adjust the radial position of the CCD camera and the wireless dial indicator installed on the rotary structure so that the CCD camera obtains a clear field of view, while ensuring that the wireless dial indicator probe contacts the outer wall of the shaft with appropriate pre-pressure.

[0007] S102: The geared motor is started via the control panel. Part of the power of the geared motor is transmitted to the stationary rotary fixture through the gear transmission pair, and the other part of the power is transmitted to the sprocket translation structure. The stationary rotary fixture drives the clamped shaft workpiece to rotate at a uniform speed, while the sprocket translation structure makes the base, rectangular frame and rotary drum structure move smoothly axially along the bed guide rail. Due to the presence of the gear and rack rotation structure, the rotary drum structure will also generate a slow circumferential rotation that matches the axial movement speed while it is axially translating with the base and rectangular frame. This allows the CCD camera and wireless dial indicator mounted on the outer wall of the rotary drum structure to revolve around the shaft workpiece while scanning axially relative to the shaft.

[0008] S103: The CCD camera continuously acquires images of the rotating shaft surface from a dynamic, multi-angle surround view. Scratches on the outer wall of the shaft, abnormal tool marks along the axis, bumps at various angles, and rust spots will all be captured. All the acquired high-definition image data is transmitted to an external computer in real time, where it is compared and analyzed by the pre-installed visual inspection software. The location and shape of suspected defects are marked on the software interface in real time, while the wireless dial indicator transmits dynamic curves back to the external computer to determine whether there are obvious surface undulations on the outer wall of the shaft.

[0009] S104: After this scanning cycle is completed, the staff readjusts the initial clamping points of the shaft and the movable rotary fixture and the fixed rotary fixture, then re-tightens and restarts one or two more complete inspection cycles. Based on all the visual and radial runout data from multiple cycles, the quality of the workpiece is evaluated.

[0010] The present invention also provides a device for detecting defects in CNC machining, including a bed frame, a movable rotary fixture and a machine housing respectively installed at the left and right positions of the top of the bed frame, and a fixed rotary fixture installed inside the machine housing. The movable rotary fixture and the fixed rotary fixture are used to clamp the shaft workpiece to be tested.

[0011] The base is located between the movable rotary fixture and the machine housing and is slidably mounted on the top of the bed frame via guide rails. A rectangular frame is fixed to the top of the base, and a rotating cylinder structure that is collinear with the rotation axis of the movable rotary fixture and the fixed rotary fixture is rotatably mounted inside the rectangular frame. At least two manual positioning platforms are mounted on the outer wall of the rotating cylinder structure near the machine housing. A CCD camera is mounted on one of the manual positioning platforms, and a wireless dial indicator is mounted on the other manual positioning platform.

[0012] The sprocket translation structure is located at the top of the bed frame and drives the base to slide axially. A gear and rack rotation structure is provided on one side of the outer wall of the base to convert the horizontal movement of the base into the rotational motion of the rotating cylinder structure.

[0013] The geared motor is installed in the lower part of the machine housing. The output shaft of the geared motor is equipped with a gear transmission pair that transmits power to the stationary rotary tooling. The power input end of the sprocket translation structure is connected to the output shaft of the geared motor. A control panel is installed on one side of the machine housing. The output end of the control panel is electrically connected to the input end of the geared motor.

[0014] Preferably, the sprocket translation structure includes a U-shaped long frame connected to the top wall of the bed frame along the axial direction, a driven sprocket shaft and a driving sprocket shaft respectively vertically rotatably installed on the left and right inner walls of the U-shaped long frame, and a transmission chain connected between the driven sprocket shaft and the driving sprocket shaft. One end of the transmission chain is fixed with an upwardly extending boss, and the top of the bed frame is provided with a rectangular through slot for the boss to pass through and move axially.

[0015] Preferably, the output shaft of the geared motor is fixed to a primary gear shaft via a coupling, one end of the primary gear shaft is fixed to a driving bevel gear, and the upper end of the driving sprocket shaft extends to the outside of the bed frame and is fixed to a driven bevel gear that meshes with the driving bevel gear.

[0016] Preferably, the gear and rack rotating structure includes a longitudinal beam frame that is axially slidably disposed at the top of the bed frame and fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the base platform, a double gear long shaft that is rotatably mounted on the top of the longitudinal beam frame through a bearing seat, and a rack body fixed to the front and rear sides of the top of the bed frame. The double gear long shaft meshes with the rack body. The upper end of the boss is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the longitudinal beam frame. A double gear short shaft is rotatably mounted at a lower position inside the rectangular frame. The double gear short shaft is perpendicular to the double gear long shaft. Gear rings are rotatably mounted on the left and right outer walls of the rectangular frame. The gear rings and the double gear short shaft mesh with each other.

[0017] Preferably, a spiral bevel gear shaft is rotatably mounted on the top of the longitudinal beam frame, and a driven bevel gear is fixed at one end of the double gear short shaft near the spiral bevel gear shaft. The driven bevel gear and the spiral bevel gear shaft mesh with each other. A bevel gear reversing transmission structure for power transmission is installed between the lower end of the spiral bevel gear shaft and the double gear long shaft. Protective shells for covering the gear ring and the double gear short shaft are fixed on the left and right outer walls of the rectangular frame.

[0018] Preferably, the rotary drum structure includes a hollow cylinder rotatably mounted inside a rectangular frame and flanges fixed at both ends of the hollow cylinder, with the flanges and toothed rings bolted to one side of the outer wall.

[0019] Preferably, a plurality of brush plates are installed at equal intervals in a ring inside the hollow cylinder.

[0020] Preferably, the movable rotary fixture includes a secondary box slidably installed on the left side of the top of the bed frame, a secondary shaft installed concentrically with the hollow cylinder at the upper part of the secondary box, and a chuck fixed at one end of the secondary shaft near the rectangular frame. The top of the bed frame is also equipped with a lead screw linear module for driving the secondary box to slide axially.

[0021] Preferably, the fixed-rotation tooling includes a main shaft rotatably mounted inside the machine housing at an upper position and coaxial with the secondary shaft via bearings, and a chuck fixed at one end of the main shaft near the secondary shaft. The other end of the secondary shaft is connected to the output shaft of the geared motor via a gear transmission pair.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The CNC machining defect detection method and device are configured with a bed frame, a movable rotary fixture, a fixed rotary fixture, a geared motor, a gear transmission pair, a slide table, a rectangular frame, a rotary cylinder structure, several manual positioning stages, a CCD camera, a wireless dial indicator, a gear rack and pinion rotation structure, and a sprocket translation structure, etc., which cooperate with each other. The workpiece to be tested is fixed between the movable rotary fixture and the fixed rotary fixture, and the radial distance between the CCD camera, the wireless dial indicator and the outer wall of the shaft is adjusted by the manual positioning stages until the detection requirements are met. Then, the geared motor is started through the control panel, and the power of the geared motor is transmitted to the fixed rotary fixture and the sprocket translation structure, which then rotates the shaft. The sprocket translation structure drives the rectangular frame and the rotary cylinder structure to move axially. During the movement, the gear rack and pinion rotation structure causes the rotary cylinder structure to rotate. Then, the CCD camera and the wireless dial indicator revolve around the workpiece to complete the visual inspection and radial runout detection at various locations, and realize the synchronous, efficient and high coverage detection of the workpiece appearance and radial runout defects.

[0023] In traditional inspection methods, visual inspection and radial runout detection are performed separately and sequentially. Furthermore, runout detection requires manual repositioning of the dial indicator and manual rotation of the workpiece, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. This new solution uses a geared motor to simultaneously drive the workpiece's rotation and the CCD camera and wireless dial indicator's revolution and axial movement around the workpiece. After a single clamping, a spiral inspection path is executed across the entire outer surface of the shaft, reducing fluctuations caused by variations in operator speed, rhythm, and readings, ensuring a high degree of consistency between the inspection process and the judgment criteria. Secondly, the revolution of the CCD camera and wireless dial indicator ensures observation of the same axial position from different angles, increasing the probability of detecting visual defects. The inspection section also moves axially under the drive of a gear and rack rotation structure and a sprocket translation structure, achieving continuous scanning of the entire shaft length from one end to the other. By utilizing the composite motion trajectory of workpiece rotation, inspection section revolution, and axial feed, it ensures that every point on the workpiece's outer surface is observed multiple times by the CCD camera and contacted by the wireless dial indicator probe at specific intervals, reducing the risk of missed detections. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sprocket translation structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the gear and rack rotation structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention after the two protective shells have been removed from the rectangular frame;

[0032] Figure 9 yes Figure 7 Sectional view at point AA;

[0033] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0034] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0035] 1. Bed frame; 101. Rectangular through slot; 2. Movable rotary fixture; 3. Chassis; 4. Fixed rotary fixture; 5. Base plate; 6. Rectangular frame; 7. Rotary cylinder structure; 71. Hollow cylinder; 72. Flange; 73. Brush plate; 8. Gear and rack rotating structure; 801. Longitudinal beam frame; 802. Double gear long shaft; 803. Rack body; 804. Spiral bevel gear shaft; 805. Protective shell; 806. Gear ring; 807. Driven bevel gear; 808. Double gear short shaft ; 809. Bevel gear reversing transmission structure; 9. Manual positioning stage; 10. CCD camera; 11. Wireless dial indicator; 12. Gear motor; 13. Gear transmission pair; 14. Sprocket translation structure; 1401. U-shaped long frame; 1402. Drive sprocket shaft; 1403. Driven sprocket shaft; 1404. Transmission chain; 1405. Boss; 1406. First stage gear shaft; 1407. Driven bevel gear; 1408. Driven bevel gear; 15. Control panel. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0037] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0038] In the description of this application, the term "for example" is used to mean "used as an example, illustration, or description." Any embodiment described as "for example" in this application is not necessarily to be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments. The following description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the invention. Details are set forth in the following description for purposes of explanation. It should be understood that those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention can be made without using these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes will not be described in detail to avoid obscuring the description of the invention with unnecessary detail. Therefore, the invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is consistent with the broadest scope of the principles and features disclosed in this application.

[0039] Example 1, by Figures 1 to 4 The present invention provides a method for detecting defects in CNC machining, comprising the following steps:

[0040] S101: According to the length specifications of the shaft workpiece to be measured, manually adjust the distance between the movable rotary fixture 2 and the fixed rotary fixture 4 on the bed frame 1 to ensure that the fixtures at both ends can stably and concentrically support the shaft. Load the shaft workpiece and fix it between the two fixtures to complete the initial clamping. Operate several manual positioning stages 9 on the outer wall of the rotary structure 7 to adjust the radial position of the CCD camera 10 and the wireless dial indicator 11 installed on the rotary structure 7 so that the CCD camera 10 obtains a clear field of view, while ensuring that the probe of the wireless dial indicator 11 contacts the outer wall of the shaft with appropriate pre-pressure.

[0041] S102: Start the geared motor 12 through the control panel 15. Part of the power of the geared motor 12 is transmitted to the fixed-rotation tooling 4 through the gear transmission pair 13, and the other part of the power is transmitted to the sprocket translation structure 14. The fixed-rotation tooling 4 drives the clamped shaft workpiece to rotate at a uniform speed. The sprocket translation structure 14 causes the base 5, rectangular frame 6 and rotary drum structure 7 to move smoothly axially along the bed guide rail. Due to the presence of the gear rack and pinion rotation structure 8, the rotary drum structure 7 will also generate a slow circumferential rotation that matches the axial movement speed while axially translating with the base 5 and rectangular frame 6. This allows the CCD camera 10 and the wireless dial indicator 11 mounted on the outer wall of the rotary drum structure 7 to revolve around the shaft workpiece while axially scanning relative to the shaft.

[0042] S103: The CCD camera 10 continuously acquires images of the rotating shaft surface with a dynamically changing, multi-angle surround view. Scratches on the outer wall of the shaft, abnormal tool marks in the axial direction, bumps at various angles, and rust spots will all be captured. All the acquired high-definition image data are transmitted to an external computer in real time, and the pre-installed visual inspection software compares and analyzes them. The location and shape of suspected defects are marked on the software interface in real time. Meanwhile, the wireless dial indicator 11 transmits dynamic curves back to the external computer to determine whether the outer wall of the shaft is accompanied by obvious surface undulations.

[0043] S104: After this scanning cycle is completed, the staff readjusts the initial clamping points of the shaft and the movable rotary fixture 2 and the fixed rotary fixture 4, then re-tightens and restarts one or two more complete inspection cycles. Based on all the visual and radial runout data from multiple cycles, the quality of the workpiece is evaluated.

[0044] This embodiment of a CNC machining defect detection device includes a bed frame 1, a movable rotary fixture 2 and a machine housing 3 respectively installed at the left and right positions of the top of the bed frame 1, and a fixed rotary fixture 4 installed inside the machine housing 3. The movable rotary fixture 2 and the fixed rotary fixture 4 are used to clamp the shaft workpiece to be tested.

[0045] The base platform 5 is located between the movable rotary fixture 2 and the machine housing 3 and is slidably mounted on the top of the bed frame 1 via guide rails. A rectangular frame 6 is fixed to the top of the base platform 5, and a rotary drum structure 7 is rotatably mounted inside the rectangular frame 6, which is collinear with the rotation axis of the movable rotary fixture 2 and the fixed rotary fixture 4. At least two manual positioning platforms 9 are mounted on the outer wall of the rotary drum structure 7 near the machine housing 3. A CCD camera 10 is mounted on one of the manual positioning platforms 9, and a wireless dial indicator 11 is mounted on the other manual positioning platform 9.

[0046] The sprocket translation structure 14 is set on the top of the bed frame 1 and drives the base platform 5 to slide axially. A gear rack and pinion structure 8 is set on one side of the outer wall of the base platform 5 to convert the horizontal movement of the base platform 5 into the rotational motion of the rotating cylinder structure 7.

[0047] The geared motor 12 is installed in the lower part of the machine housing 3. The output shaft of the geared motor 12 is equipped with a gear transmission pair 13 that transmits power to the fixed rotary tooling 4. The power input end of the sprocket translation structure 14 and the output shaft of the geared motor 12 are connected. A control panel 15 is installed on one side of the surface of the machine housing 3. The output end of the control panel 15 is electrically connected to the input end of the geared motor 12.

[0048] The direction, speed and running time of the geared motor 12 can be set by the control panel 15 to indirectly adjust the shaft speed, the axial movement speed of the base 5, the detection stroke range, etc. After startup, the programmable logic controller on the control panel 15 will send a sequence of instructions to the geared motor 12 according to the preset program, and simultaneously trigger the CCD camera 10 and the wireless dial indicator 11 to collect data.

[0049] The working distance from the CCD camera 10 to the outer wall of the workpiece, as well as the contact point and preload of the wireless dial indicator 11, can be set via the manual positioning stage 9.

[0050] The CCD camera 10 continuously takes high-speed photos of the rotating workpiece surface, collecting image information such as surface texture, scratches, and bumps. The probe of the wireless dial indicator 11 is in continuous contact with the workpiece surface, and measures the minute radial displacement changes of the workpiece surface in real time during the scanning process. The data is transmitted wirelessly to the computer to directly and continuously record the radial runout profile of the entire length of the workpiece.

[0051] Example 2, based on Example 1, is... Figure 5 and Figure 6 The sprocket translation structure 14 includes a U-shaped long frame 1401 connected axially to the top wall of the bed frame 1, a driven sprocket shaft 1403 and a driving sprocket shaft 1402 respectively vertically rotatably mounted on the left and right inner walls of the U-shaped long frame 1401, and a transmission chain 1404 connecting the driven sprocket shaft 1403 and the driving sprocket shaft 1402. One end of the transmission chain 1404 is fixed with an upwardly extending boss 1405. The top of the bed frame 1 is provided with a rectangular through slot 101 for the boss 1405 to pass through and move axially. The output shaft of the geared motor 12 is fixed with a first-stage gear shaft 1406 through a coupling. One end of the surface of the first-stage gear shaft 1406 is fixed with a driving bevel gear 1408. The upper end of the driving sprocket shaft 1402 extends to the outside of the bed frame 1 and is fixed with a driven bevel gear 1407 that meshes with the driving bevel gear 1408.

[0052] While the geared motor 12 drives the fixed-rotation tooling 4 to work through the gear transmission pair 13, its output shaft also causes the first-stage gear shaft 1406 and the driving bevel gear 1408 to rotate. The driving bevel gear 1408 and the driven bevel gear 1407 drive the driving sprocket shaft 1402 to rotate. Then, the transmission chain 1404 between the driving sprocket shaft 1402 and the driven sprocket shaft 1403 can drive the gear rack and pinion rotating structure 8, the base 5, the rotating drum structure 7, and the rectangular frame 6 to move along the extension direction of the guide rail of the bed frame 1 through the boss 1405. That is, the rotating drum structure 7 and the CCD camera 10 and the wireless dial indicator 11 carried thereon move axially, and the rotating drum structure 7 rotates synchronously.

[0053] Example 3, based on Example 2, by Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 The gear and rack rotating structure 8 includes a longitudinal beam frame 801 that is axially slidably disposed at the top of the bed frame 1 and fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the base platform 5; a double gear long shaft 802 that is rotatably mounted on the top of the longitudinal beam frame 801 through a bearing seat; and a rack body 803 that is fixed to the front and rear sides of the top of the bed frame 1. The double gear long shaft 802 meshes with the rack body 803. The upper end of the boss 1405 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the longitudinal beam frame 801. A double gear short shaft 808 is rotatably mounted at a lower position inside the rectangular frame 6. The axis of the double gear short shaft 808 is perpendicular to that of the double gear long shaft 802. Gear rings 806 are rotatably mounted on the left and right outer walls of the rectangular frame 6. The gear rings 806 and the double gear short shaft 808 mesh with each other.

[0054] A spiral bevel gear shaft 804 is rotatably mounted on the top of the longitudinal beam frame 801. A driven bevel gear 807 is fixed at one end of the double gear short shaft 808 near the spiral bevel gear shaft 804. The driven bevel gear 807 and the spiral bevel gear shaft 804 mesh with each other. A bevel gear reversing transmission structure 809 for power transmission is installed between the lower end of the spiral bevel gear shaft 804 and the double gear long shaft 802. Protective shells 805 for covering the gear ring 806 and the double gear short shaft 808 are fixed on the left and right outer walls of the rectangular frame 6. Axial axial... During movement, since the double gear long shaft 802 inside the longitudinal beam frame 801 is engaged with the rack body 803, the double gear long shaft 802 is forced to rotate, and the spiral bevel gear shaft 804 is driven to rotate through the bevel gear reversing transmission structure 809. The spiral bevel gear shaft 804 and the driven bevel gear 807 drive the double gear short shaft 808 to rotate. At this time, the double gear short shaft 808 will drive the gear rings 806 on the left and right outer walls of the rectangular frame 6 to rotate, so that the rotating drum structure 7 produces a slow revolution around the workpiece with a fixed proportion to the axial movement speed.

[0055] Example 4, based on Example 3, by Figure 5 and Figure 9 The rotating cylinder structure 7 includes a hollow cylinder 71 rotatably installed inside the rectangular frame 6 and flanges 72 fixed at both ends of the hollow cylinder 71. The flanges 72 are bolted to one side of the outer wall of the toothed ring 806. Several brush plates 73 are installed in a ring at equal intervals inside the hollow cylinder 71.

[0056] Since the hollow cylinder 71 is rotatably installed inside the rectangular frame 6, and both ends of the hollow cylinder 71 are bolted to the toothed ring 806, when the hollow cylinder 71 rotates, the brush plate 73 will contact the outer wall of the shaft body to achieve the purpose of cleaning the shaft body.

[0057] The movable rotary fixture 2 includes a secondary box that is slidably installed on the left side of the top of the bed frame 1, a secondary shaft that is installed concentrically with the hollow cylinder 71 at the upper position inside the secondary box, and a chuck fixed at one end of the secondary shaft near the rectangular frame 6. The top of the bed frame 1 is also equipped with a lead screw linear module for driving the secondary box to slide axially. When operating the movable rotary fixture 2, the secondary box, secondary shaft and chuck need to be driven to move axially through the lead screw pitch adjustment structure to adjust the distance between the movable rotary fixture 2 and the fixed rotary fixture 4 to adapt to shaft workpieces of different lengths.

[0058] The fixed-rotation fixture 4 includes a main shaft that is rotatably mounted inside the machine housing 3 at an upper position and coaxial with the secondary shaft, and a chuck 2 fixed at one end of the main shaft near the secondary shaft. The other end of the secondary shaft is powered by a gear transmission pair 13 connected to the output shaft of the reduction motor 12.

[0059] When the output shaft of the geared motor 12 drives the stationary rotary tooling 4 and the shaft to rotate through the gear transmission pair 13, the gear transmission pair 13 transmits the rotational power of the geared motor 12 to the main shaft in the machine housing 3. The main shaft drives the chuck and the clamped shaft workpiece to rotate, so as to provide a stable rotational reference.

[0060] It should be noted that the descriptions of each embodiment in the above embodiments have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0061] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0062] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for detecting defects in CNC machining, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S101: According to the length specifications of the shaft workpiece to be measured, manually adjust the distance between the movable rotary fixture (2) and the fixed rotary fixture (4) on the bed frame (1) to ensure that the fixtures at both ends can stably and concentrically support the shaft. Load the shaft workpiece and fix it between the two fixtures to complete the initial clamping. Operate several manual positioning stages (9) on the outer wall of the rotary structure (7) to adjust the radial position of the CCD camera (10) and the wireless dial indicator (11) installed on the rotary structure (7) so that the CCD camera (10) obtains a clear field of view and at the same time ensures that the probe of the wireless dial indicator (11) contacts the outer wall of the shaft with appropriate pre-pressure. S102: Start the geared motor (12) through the control panel (15). Part of the power of the geared motor (12) is transmitted to the fixed rotary fixture (4) through the gear transmission pair (13), and the other part of the power is transmitted to the sprocket translation structure (14). The fixed rotary fixture (4) drives the clamped shaft workpiece to rotate at a constant speed. The sprocket translation structure (14) makes the base (5), the rectangular frame (6) and the rotary drum structure (7) move smoothly along the bed guide rail. Due to the existence of the gear rack and pinion rotation structure (8), the rotary drum structure (7) will also generate a slow circumferential rotation that matches the axial movement speed while moving axially with the base (5) and the rectangular frame (6). This makes the CCD camera (10) and the wireless dial indicator (11) installed on the outer wall of the rotary drum structure (7) revolve around the shaft workpiece while scanning axially relative to the shaft. S103: The CCD camera (10) continuously acquires images of the rotating shaft surface with a dynamic, multi-angle surround view. Scratches on the outer wall of the shaft, abnormal axial tool marks, collisions at various angles, and rust spots will all be captured. All the high-definition image data acquired is transmitted to an external computer in real time. The pre-installed visual inspection software compares and analyzes the data and marks the location and shape of suspected defects on the software interface in real time. The wireless dial indicator (11) transmits dynamic curves back to the external computer to determine whether the outer wall of the shaft is accompanied by obvious surface undulations. S104: After the scanning cycle is completed, the staff readjusts the initial clamping points of the shaft and the movable rotary fixture (2) and the fixed rotary fixture (4), then re-tightens and restarts one or two complete inspection cycles. Based on all visual and radial runout data from multiple cycles, the quality of the workpiece is evaluated.

2. A device for detecting defects in CNC machining, characterized in that: Includes a bed frame (1), a movable rotary fixture (2) and a machine housing (3) installed at the top left and right positions of the bed frame (1) respectively, and a fixed rotary fixture (4) installed inside the machine housing (3). The movable rotary fixture (2) and the fixed rotary fixture (4) are used to clamp the shaft workpiece to be tested. The base (5) is located between the movable rotary fixture (2) and the machine housing (3) and is slidably mounted on the top of the bed frame (1) via guide rails. A rectangular frame (6) is fixed to the top of the base (5), and a rotating drum structure (7) is rotatably mounted inside the rectangular frame (6) and keeps collinear with the rotation axis of the movable rotary fixture (2) and the fixed rotary fixture (4). At least two manual positioning platforms (9) are installed on the outer wall of the rotating drum structure (7) near the machine housing (3). A CCD camera (10) is installed on one of the manual positioning platforms (9), and a wireless dial indicator (11) is installed on the other manual positioning platform (9). The sprocket translation structure (14) is set on the top of the bed frame (1) and drives the base (5) to slide axially. A gear rack and pinion rotation structure (8) is set on one side of the outer wall of the base (5) to convert the horizontal movement of the base (5) into the rotational motion of the rotating cylinder structure (7). The geared motor (12) is installed in the lower part of the machine housing (3). The output shaft of the geared motor (12) is equipped with a gear transmission pair (13) that transmits power to the fixed rotary tooling (4). The power input end of the sprocket translation structure (14) and the output shaft of the geared motor (12) are connected. A control panel (15) is installed on one side of the surface of the machine housing (3). The output end of the control panel (15) is electrically connected to the input end of the geared motor (12).

3. The device for detecting defects in CNC machining according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sprocket translation structure (14) includes a U-shaped long frame (1401) connected to the top wall of the bed frame (1) along the axial direction, a driven sprocket shaft (1403) and a driving sprocket shaft (1402) respectively vertically rotatably installed on the left and right inner walls of the U-shaped long frame (1401), and a transmission chain (1404) connected between the driven sprocket shaft (1403) and the driving sprocket shaft (1402). One end of the transmission chain (1404) is fixed with an upwardly extending boss (1405), and the top of the bed frame (1) is provided with a rectangular through slot (101) for the boss (1405) to pass through and move axially.

4. The device for detecting defects in CNC machining according to claim 3, characterized in that: The output shaft of the geared motor (12) is fixed to a primary gear shaft (1406) via a coupling. One end of the surface of the primary gear shaft (1406) is fixed to a driving bevel gear (1408). The upper end of the driving sprocket shaft (1402) extends through to the outside of the bed frame (1) and is fixed to a driven bevel gear (1407) that meshes with the driving bevel gear (1408).

5. The device for detecting defects in CNC machining according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gear and rack rotating structure (8) includes a longitudinal beam frame (801) that is axially slidably disposed at the top of the bed frame (1) and fixed to one side of the outer wall of the base (5), a double gear long shaft (802) that is rotatably mounted on the top of the longitudinal beam frame (801) through a bearing seat, and a rack body (803) fixed to the front and rear sides of the top of the bed frame (1). The double gear long shaft (802) meshes with the rack body (803). The upper end of the boss (1405) is fixed to the bottom end of the longitudinal beam frame (801). A double gear short shaft (808) is rotatably mounted at a lower position inside the rectangular frame (6). The double gear short shaft (808) is perpendicular to the double gear long shaft (802). Gear rings (806) are rotatably mounted on the left and right outer walls of the rectangular frame (6). The gear rings (806) and the double gear short shafts (808) mesh with each other.

6. The device for detecting defects in CNC machining according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the longitudinal beam frame (801) is rotatably mounted with a spiral bevel gear shaft (804). A driven bevel gear (807) is fixed at one end of the double gear short shaft (808) near the spiral bevel gear shaft (804). The driven bevel gear (807) and the spiral bevel gear shaft (804) mesh with each other. A bevel gear reversing transmission structure (809) for power transmission is installed between the lower end of the spiral bevel gear shaft (804) and the double gear long shaft (802). Protective shells (805) for covering the gear ring (806) and the double gear short shaft (808) are fixed on the left and right outer walls of the rectangular frame (6).

7. The device for detecting defects in CNC machining according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotating cylinder structure (7) includes a hollow cylinder (71) rotatably installed inside the rectangular frame (6) and flanges (72) fixed at both ends of the hollow cylinder (71). The flanges (72) are bolted to one side of the outer wall of the toothed ring (806).

8. The device for detecting defects in CNC machining according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hollow cylinder (71) has several brush plates (73) installed in an annular pattern at equal intervals inside.

9. The device for detecting defects in CNC machining according to claim 7, characterized in that: The movable rotary fixture (2) includes a sub-box that is slidably installed on the left side of the top of the bed frame (1), a sub-shaft that is installed concentrically with the hollow cylinder (71) at the upper part of the sub-box, and a chuck fixed at one end of the sub-shaft near the rectangular frame (6). The top of the bed frame (1) is also equipped with a lead screw linear module for driving the sub-box to slide axially.

10. The device for detecting defects in CNC machining according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fixed-rotation fixture (4) includes a main shaft that is rotatably mounted inside the machine housing (3) at an upper position and coaxial with the secondary shaft, and a chuck two fixed at one end of the main shaft near the secondary shaft. The other end of the secondary shaft is connected to the output shaft of the geared motor (12) through a gear transmission pair (13).

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