Active adjustable double-horizontal pressure trigger control method based on negative pressure ventilation

Abstract

The invention discloses an active adjustable double-level pressure trigger control method based on negative pressure ventilation, which comprises the following steps: system initialization and parameter setting interface preparation: an operator checks power supply connection and voltage conditions of a negative pressure respirator, and starts a respirator system for self-inspection; entering a function key interface through the operation panel; low-level pressure trigger function selection and parameter setting: after the low-level pressure trigger function is started, an operator sets a low-level pressure trigger value, trigger duration and low-level trigger support pressure according to the clinical treatment purpose and the physical condition of the patient. Through the setting of positive and negative dual-level pressure triggering, a more comprehensive pressure triggering solution is provided for the thoracic nail type negative pressure breathing machine, and no matter what breathing state a patient is in or what breathing requirement the patient faces, the setting can effectively meet various possible pressure triggering conditions; and the breathing machine can better adapt to illness states and breathing characteristics of different patients.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pressure triggering control technology, and in particular to an active adjustable dual-level pressure triggering control method based on negative pressure ventilation. Background Technology

[0002] During respiration, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract during inhalation, causing the thoracic cavity to expand and the intrapulmonary pressure to decrease, creating negative pressure and allowing outside air to flow into the lungs; the opposite occurs during exhalation. Thoracic breathing relies on the intercostal muscles, while abdominal breathing is primarily mediated by the diaphragm. Modern ventilators have positive and negative pressure ventilation modes. Positive pressure ventilation is common and can directly monitor airway flow and pressure, using flow-triggered and pressure-triggered methods to assess the patient's spontaneous breathing and provide ventilatory support. Negative pressure ventilation, as a supplement, is currently mostly in laboratory research. Its principle is to create negative pressure in the thoracic cavity during inhalation, allowing air to enter the lungs. Currently, there is only a single pressure trigger, which cannot effectively identify changes in intrathoracic pressure caused by the patient's spontaneous breathing, cannot meet the different inspiratory support needs of patients, cannot effectively carry out breathing training, and is more susceptible to external interference. Based on this, this application proposes an active adjustable dual-level pressure triggering control method based on negative pressure ventilation, aiming to solve the problems existing in the pressure triggering of existing negative pressure ventilators, improve the accuracy of judging patients' spontaneous breathing, and reduce false triggering. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing an active adjustable dual-level pressure triggering control method based on negative pressure ventilation.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An active adjustable dual-level pressure triggering control method based on negative pressure ventilation includes the following steps: S1: System initialization and parameter setting interface preparation: The operator checks the power connection and voltage of the negative pressure ventilator, starts the ventilator system to perform a self-test; and enters the function key interface through the operation panel. S2: Low-level pressure trigger function selection and parameter setting: After enabling the low-level pressure trigger function, the operator sets the low-level pressure trigger value, trigger duration and low-level trigger support pressure according to the clinical treatment purpose and the patient's physical condition; S3: Ventilation process monitoring and control: The adjustability of parameters is determined based on the on / off status of the low-level pressure trigger function. The ventilator monitors the pressure changes in the closed thoracic cavity in real time and determines whether to provide ventilation support based on the set low-level pressure trigger value, high-level pressure trigger value and trigger duration. S4: Handling unstable or disturbed breathing in patients: The ventilator’s built-in monitoring system tracks the patient’s breathing status and factors that affect the closed chest cavity volume or pressure in real time. The operator adjusts the low-level pressure trigger value, trigger duration and low-level trigger support pressure parameters according to the situation to reduce the false trigger rate. S5: Monitoring and assessment of patient expiratory effort: The ventilator records patient pressure changes, triggering events, and support ventilation information in real time during ventilation.

[0005] As a further aspect of the present invention: in the system initialization and parameter setting interface preparation steps, the power check includes confirming that the power plug and socket are securely connected and that the power voltage meets the rated voltage requirements of the ventilator.

[0006] As a further aspect of the present invention: in the system initialization and parameter setting interface preparation steps, the self-test program includes pressure sensor and flow sensor testing their own accuracy and sensitivity, motor testing of speed, direction and drive circuit stability, and airtightness testing of the sealed chest armor and its connecting pipes.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention: in the step of selecting and setting the low-level pressure trigger function, when the low-level pressure trigger function is enabled, the trigger duration and the low-level trigger support pressure buttons are highlighted, indicating that they are adjustable; when the low-level pressure trigger function is disabled, these two buttons are grayed out and cannot be adjusted.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention: in the ventilation process monitoring and control step, when the pressure rise reaches a high-level trigger pressure, the ventilator provides active ventilation at the support pressure at the high-level trigger; when the pressure rise reaches a low-level trigger pressure and the duration reaches the set trigger duration, the ventilator provides ventilation support at the set low-level trigger support pressure; when the pressure rises to the low-level trigger pressure but does not reach the high-level trigger pressure and the duration does not reach the set trigger duration, no support ventilation is provided.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention: in the ventilation process monitoring and control steps, when the patient can directly reach a high level of pressure trigger, the ventilator appropriately reduces the support pressure; if the patient's inspiratory effort only meets the low level of pressure trigger and duration trigger, the ventilator sets the support pressure to a higher level.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention: in the treatment steps for patients with unstable or disturbed breathing, the factors affecting the volume or pressure of the closed thoracic tank include the patient's breathing pattern, degree of obesity, airtightness of the closed thoracic tank at the point of contact with the patient's body, and the patient's physical activity.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention: in the handling steps for patients with unstable or disturbed breathing, when it is found that the patient's breathing is shallow and unstable, the operator appropriately increases the low-level pressure trigger value or extends the trigger duration to reduce the false trigger rate.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention: in the patient's expiratory effort monitoring and assessment step, the recorded data includes the pressure triggering frequency, triggering pressure magnitude, and respiratory improvement after assisted ventilation within different time periods.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention: in the patient's expiratory effort monitoring and evaluation step, the analysis of the recorded data provides a basis for subsequent treatment and ventilation parameter adjustments.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an active adjustable dual-level pressure triggering control method based on negative pressure ventilation, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The dual-level positive and negative pressure triggering setting provides a more comprehensive pressure triggering solution for thoracic negative pressure ventilators. Regardless of the patient's respiratory status or breathing needs, this setting can effectively meet various possible pressure triggering situations, enabling the ventilator to better adapt to different patients' conditions and respiratory characteristics, greatly improving the applicability and flexibility of the ventilator in clinical applications.

[0015] 2. This technology enables ventilators to more accurately assess a patient's spontaneous breathing and provide appropriate ventilation support accordingly. This precise assessment and personalized ventilation support effectively reduce false triggering, avoid unnecessary ventilation interventions, and also specifically train the patient's spontaneous breathing function, accelerate the weaning process, significantly increase the success rate of weaning, and improve the patient's treatment experience and prognosis.

[0016] 3. A key highlight of this technology is its ability to provide different negative pressure support ventilation based on various triggering conditions. This differentiated ventilation strategy better protects the patient's spontaneous breathing function and avoids the adverse effects of over-ventilation or under-ventilation on the respiratory system. By appropriately adjusting the level of negative pressure support, it helps maintain the stability and coordination of the patient's breathing, further improving the weaning success rate.

[0017] 4. This technology still performs excellently even when the patient's breathing is unstable or there are external interference factors. By optimizing the trigger judgment mechanism and parameter settings, this technology can effectively reduce the probability of false triggering, ensuring that the ventilator can still provide stable and accurate ventilation support to the patient in complex environments, guaranteeing the continuity and effectiveness of respiratory therapy, and improving the patient's treatment safety.

[0018] 5. Operators can flexibly adjust support pressure and time parameters according to the patient's specific condition and rehabilitation progress, providing personalized long-term application training programs. This targeted training helps to gradually enhance the patient's spontaneous breathing ability, improve the patient's tolerance to the ventilator, provide more effective rehabilitation support for patients with difficulty weaning off the ventilator, and increase their chances of successful weaning.

[0019] The parts of the device not covered herein are the same as or can be implemented using existing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an active adjustable dual-level pressure triggering control method based on negative pressure ventilation proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0023] An active adjustable dual-level pressure triggering control method based on negative pressure ventilation includes the following steps: S1: System Initialization and Parameter Setting Interface Preparation The operator should first check the power connection of the negative pressure ventilator to ensure that the power plug and socket are securely connected, and check whether the power voltage meets the rated voltage requirements of the ventilator to avoid damage to the ventilator due to unstable voltage or voltage that is too high or too low. After confirming that the power supply is normal, press the power switch button on the ventilator main unit to start the ventilator system. At this time, the ventilator will start the self-test program, and the system indicator light will flash, indicating that the ventilator is performing various hardware and software tests. The pressure sensor, flow sensor, and other key sensors inside the ventilator start working, testing their own accuracy and sensitivity. The system sends test signals to the sensors and receives the data fed back by the sensors, comparing it with the preset standard values. If the sensor data deviation is within the allowable range, the self-test passes; if the deviation exceeds the range, the ventilator will issue an alarm. The motor that drives the negative pressure is tested to check whether the motor speed and direction are normal and whether the motor drive circuit is working stably. The ventilator will test the airtightness of the sealed chest armor and its connecting tubing. The system will fill the sealed chest armor with gas at a certain pressure and monitor the pressure changes. If the pressure drops more than the set value within a specified time, it indicates that there is a problem with the airtightness. The ventilator will issue an alarm and prompt you to check the fit between the chest armor and the patient's body and whether the tubing connections are tight. The ventilator's operating system and application will start loading and check whether the program files are complete and undamaged. Gently press the "Trigger Function" option button with your finger. The ventilator system will then receive the operation command and begin the function button interface switching process. The ventilator display panel will show a function button interface. The interface layout is clear and logical, with all function buttons neatly arranged for easy viewing and operation by the operator. The interface should include the following function buttons: Pressure Trigger: This button is used to set the original high-level pressure trigger parameters of the ventilator. Operators can use this button to enter the corresponding parameter setting sub-interface and adjust the pressure trigger value. Low-level pressure trigger on / off: This button is a switch button used to control whether the low-level pressure trigger function is enabled or disabled. When the button is displayed as "on", it means that the low-level pressure trigger function is enabled; when it is displayed as "off", it means that the function is disabled. Trigger Duration: This setting is used to set the duration parameter when low-level pressure is triggered. After clicking this button, the operator can enter the duration setting sub-interface and set the desired duration value by adjusting the up and down buttons or by entering a number. Low-level trigger support pressure: This setting is used to configure the support pressure parameters when triggering at low levels. Clicking this button will take you to the support pressure setting sub-interface, where you can set the corresponding pressure value. Button status display: In the initial state, if the low-level pressure trigger function is off, the trigger duration and low-level trigger support pressure buttons will be displayed in gray, indicating that these two parameters are currently not adjustable; the pressure trigger button will be displayed in normal color, and the operator can operate it to set the high-level pressure trigger parameters; S2: Low-level pressure trigger function selection and parameter settings When the operator selects to enable the low-level pressure trigger function on the ventilator interface, the trigger duration and low-level trigger support pressure buttons will be highlighted, clearly indicating that these two parameters are adjustable. The operator should carefully set the low-level pressure trigger value according to the clinical treatment purpose and the patient's specific physical condition. The low-level pressure trigger setting value must be less than or equal to the set high-level trigger pressure. Its setting range is between -20 and 20 cmH2O, and it is adjusted in increments of 0.5 cmH2O. For example, the low-level pressure trigger value can be set to 1 cmH2O. Next, the operator needs to set the low-level pressure trigger duration. This parameter can be set in the range of 0-2 seconds, in increments of 0.1 seconds. For example, the trigger duration can be set to 0.1 seconds. In addition, operators need to set the low-level trigger support pressure. After the low-level pressure trigger function is activated, the system defaults to the low-level support pressure being equal to the currently set high-level pressure trigger support pressure. However, operators can flexibly adjust the low-level trigger support pressure according to the patient's actual spontaneous breathing ability. For example, if the patient's spontaneous breathing ability is relatively weak, the low-level trigger support pressure can be set to a pressure that is a certain range higher than the default value. S3: Ventilation process monitoring and control When the low-level pressure trigger is off, the trigger duration and low-level trigger support pressure buttons are grayed out. These two parameters are not adjustable. The machine ventilates according to the current negative pressure ventilation mode, that is, it only judges ventilation support based on the original high-level pressure trigger parameters. The ventilator monitors the pressure changes within the closed thoracic cavity in real time. When the patient inhales, the thoracic cavity expands, the volume of the thoracic cavity decreases, and the pressure rises. At the same time, for some patients with abnormal breathing, the abdominal contraction may occur in the early stage of inhalation, causing the volume of the thoracic cavity to increase and form a negative pressure change, which then forms a positive pressure change. The ventilator judges the monitored pressure changes based on the set low-level pressure trigger value and high-level pressure trigger value, as well as the trigger duration; If the pressure rise reaches the high-level trigger pressure (e.g., 3 cmH2O), the ventilator determines that the patient needs ventilation support and provides one active ventilation at the support pressure at the high-level trigger. If the pressure rise reaches the low-level trigger pressure (e.g., 1 cmH2O) and the duration reaches the set trigger duration (e.g., 0.1 s), the ventilator also considers the patient to require ventilation support and provides ventilation support according to the set low-level trigger support pressure. If the pressure rises to the low trigger pressure (1 cmH2O) but does not reach the high trigger pressure (3 cmH2O) and the duration does not reach the set trigger duration (0.1 s), then no support ventilation will be provided. When a patient can directly reach a high level of pressure trigger, it indicates that the patient has a strong ability to breathe independently. The ventilator should appropriately reduce the support pressure to better train the patient to breathe independently. If the patient's inspiratory effort only meets the low-level pressure trigger and duration trigger, it indicates that the patient's spontaneous breathing is not very strong. The ventilator should be set to a higher support pressure to provide more support ventilation. S4: Management of Patients with Unstable or Disturbed Breathing During ventilator operation, its built-in monitoring system remains highly active, continuously tracking the patient's breathing status in real time. Simultaneously, the system closely monitors a range of factors that may affect the volume or pressure of the closed thoracic shell. These factors include the patient's breathing pattern, such as whether they use thoracic or abdominal breathing; the patient's degree of obesity, as different body types have varying effects on the pressure distribution and volume of the thoracic shell; the airtightness of the thoracic shell where it contacts the patient's body, as poor airtightness directly impacts the ventilator's effectiveness; and whether the patient engages in physical activity such as turning over or restlessness, which may cause the thoracic shell to shift or loosen. Once the monitoring system detects that the patient's breathing is unstable, such as fluctuating respiratory rate, varying respiratory depth, or the presence of interfering factors, such as slight loosening of the thoracic shield due to patient movement leading to poor airtightness, the system will issue a prompt in a timely manner. At this time, the operator must react quickly and intervene, because these unstable factors and interferences may affect the normal operation of the ventilator and thus the patient's treatment outcome. Therefore, the operator's timely intervention is crucial. After the operator intervenes, they should adjust key parameters such as the low-level pressure trigger value, trigger duration, and low-level trigger support pressure precisely and flexibly according to the actual situation on site. These adjustments can effectively reduce the probability of false triggering. For example, when the patient's breathing is found to be shallow and unstable, the low-level pressure trigger value can be appropriately increased. This makes the ventilator's judgment of pressure changes more stringent, avoiding false triggering of ventilation due to small pressure fluctuations. Alternatively, the trigger duration can be extended to ensure that the ventilator provides ventilation support only when the patient consistently reaches a certain level of respiratory effort. Through these measures, false triggering can be effectively reduced, ensuring the accuracy and effectiveness of the patient's respiratory therapy. S5: Monitoring and assessment of the patient's expiratory effort The ventilator records the patient's pressure changes, triggering events, and ventilation support information in real time during ventilation. By analyzing the recorded data, we can assess the patient's expiratory effort and its changes. For example, observing the frequency and magnitude of pressure triggers at different time points, as well as the improvement in breathing after assisted ventilation, can help determine the patient's spontaneous breathing and provide a basis for subsequent treatment and adjustment of ventilation parameters.

[0024] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for active adjustable dual-level pressure triggering control based on negative pressure ventilation, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: System initialization and parameter setting interface preparation: The operator checks the power connection and voltage of the negative pressure ventilator, starts the ventilator system to perform a self-test; and enters the function key interface through the operation panel. S2: Low-level pressure trigger function selection and parameter setting: After enabling the low-level pressure trigger function, the operator sets the low-level pressure trigger value, trigger duration and low-level trigger support pressure according to the clinical treatment purpose and the patient's physical condition; S3: Ventilation process monitoring and control: The adjustability of parameters is determined based on the on / off status of the low-level pressure trigger function. The ventilator monitors the pressure changes in the closed thoracic cavity in real time and determines whether to provide ventilation support based on the set low-level pressure trigger value, high-level pressure trigger value and trigger duration. S4: Handling unstable or disturbed breathing in patients: The ventilator’s built-in monitoring system tracks the patient’s breathing status and factors that affect the closed chest cavity volume or pressure in real time. The operator adjusts the low-level pressure trigger value, trigger duration and low-level trigger support pressure parameters according to the situation to reduce the false trigger rate. S5: Monitoring and assessment of patient expiratory effort: The ventilator records patient pressure changes, triggering events, and support ventilation information in real time during ventilation.

2. The active adjustable dual-level pressure triggering control method based on negative pressure ventilation according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the system initialization and parameter setting interface preparation steps, the power check includes confirming that the power plug and socket are securely connected and that the power voltage meets the ventilator's rated voltage requirements.

3. The active adjustable dual-level pressure triggering control method based on negative pressure ventilation according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the system initialization and parameter setting interface preparation steps, the self-test program includes pressure sensor and flow sensor testing of their own accuracy and sensitivity, motor testing of speed, direction and drive circuit stability, and airtightness testing of the sealed chest armor and its connecting pipes.

4. The active adjustable dual-level pressure triggering control method based on negative pressure ventilation according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the steps of selecting and setting parameters for the low-level pressure trigger function, when the low-level pressure trigger function is enabled, the trigger duration and the low-level trigger support pressure buttons are highlighted, indicating that they are adjustable; when the low-level pressure trigger function is disabled, these two buttons are grayed out and cannot be adjusted.

5. The active adjustable dual-level pressure triggering control method based on negative pressure ventilation according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the ventilation process monitoring and control steps, when the pressure rise reaches the high-level trigger pressure, the ventilator provides active ventilation at the support pressure at the high-level trigger; when the pressure rise reaches the low-level trigger pressure and the duration reaches the set trigger duration, the ventilator provides ventilation support at the set low-level trigger support pressure; when the pressure rises to the low-level trigger pressure but does not reach the high-level trigger pressure and the duration does not reach the set trigger duration, no support ventilation is provided.

6. The active adjustable dual-level pressure triggering control method based on negative pressure ventilation according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the ventilation process monitoring and control steps, when the patient can directly reach a high level of pressure trigger, the ventilator appropriately reduces the support pressure; if the patient's inspiratory effort only meets the low level of pressure trigger and duration trigger, the ventilator sets the support pressure to a higher level.

7. The active adjustable dual-level pressure triggering control method based on negative pressure ventilation according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the procedures for handling patients with unstable or disturbed breathing, factors affecting the volume or pressure of the closed sternum include the patient's breathing pattern, degree of obesity, airtightness of the closed sternum at the point of contact with the patient's body, and the patient's physical activity.

8. The active adjustable dual-level pressure triggering control method based on negative pressure ventilation according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the procedure for handling unstable or disturbed patient breathing, when the patient's breathing is found to be shallow and unstable, the operator should appropriately increase the low-level pressure trigger value or extend the trigger duration to reduce the false trigger rate.

9. The active adjustable dual-level pressure triggering control method based on negative pressure ventilation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The data recorded in the patient expiratory effort monitoring and assessment steps include the frequency of pressure triggering, the magnitude of triggering pressure, and the improvement in breathing after assisted ventilation at different time periods.

10. The active adjustable dual-level pressure triggering control method based on negative pressure ventilation according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the patient expiratory effort monitoring and assessment step, the analysis of recorded data provides a basis for subsequent treatment and ventilation parameter adjustments.

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