Straw smashing equipment for farmland, plastic film residue recycling all-in-one machine and method

Abstract

The invention discloses straw smashing equipment for farmland, a residual film recycling all-in-one machine and a method, solves the problem that in the prior art, the straw smashing equipment is in rigid connection with a tractor, and has the beneficial effects that profiling operation is achieved, and the film surface cleaning effect is good. A hanging mechanism is arranged at the front end of the rack, a straw smashing mechanism is arranged on the front side of the bottom of the rack, a straw conveying mechanism is arranged at the position, behind the straw smashing mechanism, of the rear side of the rack, the straw conveying mechanism is provided with a cantilever, one end of the cantilever is fixed to the rack, the hanging mechanism comprises a hanging frame and a hanging frame connected with the rack, and the hanging frame is arranged in the width direction of the rack. The hanging frame is connected with the mobile equipment, the hanging frame penetrates through the hanging seat, and the hanging frame is rotatably connected with the hanging seat, so that the hanging frame can rotate in a vertical plane relative to the hanging seat, and then the posture of the straw smashing equipment on the vertical plane is driven to be adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to a straw crushing device, a residual film recycling machine and method for farmland. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Residual film recycling machines primarily remove residual film from the surface and shallow soil using mechanical picking and separation techniques. During operation, the presence of crop straw can hook onto the residual film, affecting recycling efficiency. This is especially true for hard straws like cotton, which have a wood-like structure; these straws severely damage the residual film structure during unwrapping and transport, leading to a lower recycling rate. Therefore, most mulched crops require straw treatment before residual film recycling. Currently, straw treatment technologies mainly include crushing and returning to the field, and baling and removing from the field. Baling and removing from the field is suitable for straws with higher economic value, such as silage, while straws with lower economic value, such as cotton and potatoes, are mainly crushed and returned to the field directly using straw crushing devices.

[0004] Existing straw crushing devices have the following problems: When the straw crushing device is connected to the tractor, it is a rigid connection. However, farmland is uneven. As the height of the tractor increases, the straw crushing device also increases, making it impossible for the straw crushing device to operate independently and follow the contours. It is also impossible to maintain the consistency of the straw crushing stubble height, which damages the suspension mechanism. In addition, when cotton, potato and other crop straws are crushed and returned to the field, the straw is usually directly scattered on the ground, which will cover the residual film. In the subsequent recycling process of the residual film, the straw residue often gets entangled with the residual film, which reduces the recycling efficiency and increases the wear and tear on the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a straw crushing device for farmland that effectively improves the residual film recovery rate, reduces the impurity content of the residual film, and enhances the quality of straw crushing and residual film recycling operations.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: A straw crushing device for farmland includes a frame, a suspension mechanism at the front end of the frame, a straw crushing mechanism at the front bottom of the frame, and a straw conveying mechanism at the rear of the frame behind the straw crushing mechanism. The straw conveying mechanism has a cantilever, one end of which is fixed to the frame. The outlet of the straw conveying mechanism is located on the side of the cantilever. The suspension mechanism includes a mounting frame and a suspension bracket connected to the frame. The mounting frame is arranged along the width of the frame and is connected to the mobile device. The suspension bracket can rotate in the horizontal plane relative to the mounting frame. The mounting frame passes through a mounting base and is rotatably connected to the mounting base, allowing the mounting frame to rotate in the vertical plane relative to the mounting base. This, in turn, drives the straw crushing device to adjust its posture in the vertical plane, eliminating the ground undulation delay caused by the distance difference between the tractor and the straw crushing device. The two ends of the mounting base are rotatably connected to the suspension frame, allowing the suspension frame to rotate in the horizontal plane relative to the mounting frame.

[0007] As described above, a straw crushing device for farmland includes a hanging frame comprising a hanging beam that passes through the hanging seat. Connecting seat plates are respectively provided at both ends of the hanging beam facing the mobile device. The connecting seat plates are connected to the mobile device by a hanging pin. A hole is drilled in the middle of the hanging seat and a first bearing seat is provided. A bearing is provided inside the hanging beam. The pin passes through the bearing and is installed on the first bearing seat, so that the hanging beam can rotate around the pin. The mounting bracket is a U-shaped structure with its open side facing the suspension frame. The connecting shaft connects the mounting bracket and the suspension frame, and the connecting shaft is perpendicular to the central axis of the pin.

[0008] As described above, in a straw crushing device for farmland, the connecting shaft and the hanging beam are spaced at a predetermined distance so that the straw crushing device can rotate freely within 330° on a horizontal plane; The height of the hanging beam is 7 / 8 to 5 / 6 of the internal height of the hanging seat, so that the attitude adjustment angle of the hanging beam relative to the hanging seat is 12° up and down.

[0009] As described above, a straw crushing device for farmland includes a straw crushing drum. Both ends of the straw crushing drum are movably mounted on the frame. Multiple sets of blade holders are evenly distributed on the straw crushing drum along a double helix, with a crushing blade installed between each set of blade holders. A blade holder connecting plate is provided between adjacent sets of blade holders along the double helix. The blade holder connecting plate forms four sets of spiral conveying blades around the straw crushing drum. When the straw crushing mechanism is working, it generates an airflow that conveys air to one side of the frame, blowing impurities on the membrane surface towards one side of the frame. The spiral conveying blades are positioned in the same direction as the straw conveying mechanism's conveying direction of the straw. The tool holder connecting plate is a plate-shaped structural component, with both sides of the tool holder connecting plate bent to be securely connected to the tool holder.

[0010] As described above, in a straw crushing device for farmland, the pitch of the spiral line on which the cutter holder is located is 180mm-220mm, 15-18 pairs of cutter holders are arranged on each spiral line, the included angle between two adjacent sets of cutter holders is 90°-110°, the distance between the two spiral lines is 470mm-500mm, and the included angle between two adjacent sets of cutter holders on the two spiral lines is 8°-12°.

[0011] As described above, in a straw crushing device for farmland, one end of the straw conveying mechanism is mounted on the side of the frame via a third bearing seat, and the other end is connected to one end of the cantilever. The other end of the cantilever is connected to the frame. The frame is open on the side of the cantilever to discharge the crushed straw from the side of the frame. The straw conveying mechanism is equipped with a cutter on the inner side of the cantilever.

[0012] As described above, a straw crushing device for farmland also includes a transmission mechanism. One end of the transmission mechanism is connected to the mobile device, and the other end of the transmission mechanism is placed above the suspension mechanism. The transmission mechanism is connected to the transmission box, and belt drive assemblies are respectively provided on both sides of the transmission box. One belt drive assembly is connected to the straw crushing mechanism, and the other belt drive assembly is connected to the straw conveying mechanism. A straw-blocking mechanism is also provided below the frame in front of the straw crushing mechanism to prevent the crushed straw from being thrown to the front of the equipment. The grass-blocking mechanism includes a grass-blocking plate, which is inclined outward relative to the central axis of the straw crushing mechanism, and the bottom of the grass-blocking plate is higher than the lowest point of the straw crushing mechanism.

[0013] As described above, a straw crushing device for farmland is provided with a ground wheel mechanism at the bottom of the frame. The central axis of the ground wheel mechanism is located between the central axis of the straw crushing mechanism and the central axis of the straw conveying mechanism. The height of the ground wheel mechanism is adjustable. A protective connection mechanism is detachably installed on the rear side of the upper part of the frame. The protective connection mechanism is hollowed out and is inclined upward relative to the center of the frame.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention also provides an integrated machine for straw crushing and residual film recycling, including the aforementioned straw crushing equipment for farmland.

[0015] Thirdly, the present invention also provides a method for operating a straw crushing device for farmland, comprising the following: The rack is connected to the mobile device via a suspension mechanism; The mobile equipment moves the frame along the farmland. During the frame's movement, straw enters the straw crushing mechanism for crushing. The crushed straw then enters the straw conveying mechanism, which transports the crushed straw to the outside of the frame. During the operation of the straw crushing mechanism, the suspension frame can rotate in the horizontal plane relative to the mounting frame, enabling the straw crushing equipment to adjust its attitude in the horizontal plane. The mounting frame can rotate in the vertical plane relative to the mounting base, thereby adjusting the straw crushing equipment's attitude in the vertical plane and eliminating the delay caused by ground undulations due to the distance difference between the tractor and the straw crushing equipment.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1) This invention provides a straw crushing device, which includes a suspension mechanism for connecting to a mobile device. The suspension mechanism includes a hook frame and a suspension frame. The suspension frame can rotate in the horizontal plane relative to the hook frame. The hook frame and the hook seat are rotatably connected so that the hook frame can rotate in the vertical plane relative to the hook seat. The flexible connection of the straw crushing device is achieved through multi-dimensional movement in the horizontal and vertical planes. This can avoid damage to the suspension mechanism caused by the rigid traction of the tractor, and also enable the straw crushing device to operate independently and follow the contours, maintaining the consistency of the straw crushing stubble height. By adding a straw conveying mechanism, the straw is discharged to the ground that has been operated on, preventing the crushed straw from polluting the residual film and thus affecting the residual film recycling effect.

[0017] 2) This invention optimizes the design of the straw crushing mechanism, which includes a straw crushing drum. Multiple sets of blades are evenly distributed on the straw crushing drum in a double helix pattern, achieving rapid crushing and uniform distribution of straw. A blade connecting plate is set between two adjacent sets of blades on the double helix pattern to achieve double airflow cleaning, reducing straw on the film surface. Together with the crushing blades, it forms a double cleaning effect, effectively improving the cleanliness of the recycled film residue, which is beneficial for subsequent utilization.

[0018] 3) In this invention, a cutter is set at the straw outlet position on the far left of the spiral conveying blade to further cut the crushed straw, ensuring that the straw crushing meets the requirements and does not affect the sowing of the next crop.

[0019] 4) The straw crushing equipment of the present invention has a reasonable structure and can be used for independent operation before residual film recycling, or it can be integrated with residual film recycling equipment for integrated operation. It can effectively improve the residual film recycling rate, reduce the impurity content of residual film, and improve the quality of straw crushing and residual film recycling operations. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a straw crushing device for farmland according to one or more embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a straw crushing device for farmland according to one or more embodiments of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0023] Figure 3 This is a side view of a straw crushing device for farmland according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a front view of a straw crushing device for farmland according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a top view of a straw crushing device for farmland according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the suspension mechanism in a straw crushing device for farmland according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a top view of the suspension mechanism in a straw crushing device for farmland according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the swing state of the suspension frame relative to the hanging frame in a straw crushing device for farmland according to one or more embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the swing state of the suspension frame relative to the hanging frame in a straw crushing device for farmland according to one or more embodiments of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hanging frame in a straw crushing device for farmland according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 11 This is the present invention. Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the BB section.

[0032] Figure 12 This is a front view of the straw crushing mechanism in a straw crushing device for farmland according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 13This is a schematic diagram of the spiral line of the blade holder in the straw crushing mechanism of a straw crushing device for farmland according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the angle between two adjacent sets of cutter holders on the same spiral line in a straw crushing mechanism of a straw crushing device for farmland according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the angle between two adjacent sets of cutter holders on two spiral lines in a straw crushing mechanism of a straw crushing device for farmland according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral line of the blade holder connecting plate in a straw crushing mechanism of a straw crushing device for farmland according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the blade holder and the crushing blade in a straw crushing mechanism of a straw crushing device for farmland according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 18 This is a side view of the connection between the blade holder and the crushing blade in a straw crushing mechanism of a straw crushing device for farmland according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing blade in a straw crushing device for farmland according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the straw conveying mechanism in a straw crushing device for farmland according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0041] The diagram exaggerates the spacing or dimensions between parts to show their positions; the diagram is for illustrative purposes only.

[0042] The components include: 1. suspension mechanism, 2. grass-blocking mechanism, 3. transmission mechanism, 4. frame, 5. straw crushing mechanism, 6. ground wheel mechanism, 7. straw conveying mechanism, 8. protective connection mechanism, 9. auxiliary support legs, and 10. height adjustment components. 11. Hanging bracket; 12. Suspension bracket; 13. Connecting shaft; 111. Hook pin, 112. Connecting seat plate, 113. Hook beam, 114. Hook seat, 115. Bearing, 116. First bearing seat, 117. Pin; 31. Protective casing; 51. Pulley; 52. Crushing blade; 53. Straw crushing drum; 54. Blade holder connecting plate; 55. Blade holder; 56. Second bearing seat; 521. Cutting edge; 522. Hole; 523. Tool body; 524. Curved plate; 71. Cantilever; 72. Third bearing housing; 73. Cutter; 74. Straw conveyor shaft tube; 75. Screw conveyor blade; 76. Input pulley; 77. Outer tube; 81. Protective frame; 82. Protective pipe; 91. Support tube; 92. Support leg. Detailed Implementation

[0043] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0044] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, unless otherwise expressly indicated by the invention, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof. The left and right sides mentioned below are viewed from the rear of the rack, while clockwise and counterclockwise are viewed from the left side of the rear of the rack.

[0045] As described in the background section, in the prior art, the connection between the straw crushing equipment and the tractor is rigid, which makes it impossible for the straw crushing equipment to operate independently and maintain the consistency of the straw crushing stubble height, thus causing damage to the suspension mechanism. In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a straw crushing equipment for farmland.

[0046] Example 1 In a typical embodiment of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a straw crushing device for farmland includes a frame 4. A suspension mechanism 1 is installed at the front end of the frame 4, a straw crushing mechanism 5 is installed at the front bottom of the frame 4, and a straw conveying mechanism 7 is installed at the rear of the frame 4 behind the straw crushing mechanism 5. The straw conveying mechanism 7 has a cantilever 71, one end of which is fixed to the frame. The outlet of the straw conveying mechanism 7 is located on the side of the cantilever 71. The suspension mechanism 1 includes a mounting bracket 11 and a suspension frame 12 connected to the frame 4. The mounting bracket 11 is arranged along the width direction of the frame 4. The mounting bracket 11 is connected to the moving equipment, such as a tow rack. The tractor is connected to the suspension frame 12, which can rotate in the horizontal plane relative to the mounting frame 11. The mounting frame 11 passes through the mounting base 114 and is rotatably connected to the mounting base 114, allowing the mounting frame 11 to rotate in the vertical plane relative to the mounting base 114. This, in turn, drives the straw crushing equipment to adjust its posture in the vertical plane, eliminating the ground undulation delay caused by the distance difference between the tractor and the straw crushing equipment. The two ends of the mounting base 114 are rotatably connected to the suspension frame 12, allowing the suspension frame 12 to rotate in the horizontal plane relative to the mounting frame 11.

[0047] It is easy to understand that the frame 4 is the carrier of the entire straw crushing equipment. All other mechanisms are mounted on the frame 4 and form the outer shell of the straw crushing mechanism 5 and the straw conveying mechanism 7. One end of the suspension mechanism 1 is installed at the front of the frame 4 and is fixedly connected by bolts. The other end can be connected to the tractor, and the tractor drives the entire machine through the suspension mechanism 1. The transmission mechanism 3 is distributed above and on both sides of the frame 4, providing power to the functional mechanisms of the straw crushing equipment. The front end of the transmission mechanism 3 is connected to the rear output shaft of the tractor through a coupling, transmission box, and belt drive assembly. Power is distributed to the straw crushing mechanism 5 and the straw conveying mechanism 7, and a power interface is reserved for transmitting power to the residual film recycling device in the combined straw crushing and residual film recycling model, so as to facilitate integrated operation; the transmission box is equipped with the existing gear transmission assembly, the transmission box is placed on the upper side of the frame 4, and belt transmission assemblies are respectively set on both sides of the transmission box. The belt transmission assembly on one side is connected to the straw crushing mechanism 5, and the belt transmission assembly on the other side is connected to the straw conveying mechanism 7. A protective shell 31 is set on the outside of the belt transmission assembly. The belt transmission assembly is also existing technology and will not be described in detail here. The straw crushing mechanism 5 is located at the front of the frame 4. It is mounted on the two side plates of the frame 4 via the second bearing seat 56. The crushing blades mounted on it crush the straw at high speed and throw the crushed straw to the rear of the straw crushing mechanism. The straw conveying mechanism 7 is located at the rear of the frame 4, behind the straw crushing mechanism 5, and is positioned slightly higher than the straw crushing mechanism 5 (the central axis of the straw crushing mechanism 5 is lower than the central axis of the straw conveying mechanism 7). This facilitates the entry of the crushed straw thrown by the straw crushing mechanism 5. One end of the straw conveying mechanism 7 is mounted on the side plate of the frame 4 via the third bearing seat 72, and the other end is connected to the side plate of the frame 4 via the cantilever 71. The crushed straw is pushed out to the outside of the equipment by the screw conveyor. It should be noted that the reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the central axis of the ground wheel mechanism 6 is lower than the central axis of the straw crushing mechanism 5. The ground wheel mechanism 6 is installed below the frame 4, located in the lower position between the straw crushing mechanism 5 and the straw conveying mechanism 7, providing support for the whole machine and also adjusting the stubble height of the straw crushing. The straw blocking mechanism 2 is located below the frame 4 and in front of the straw crushing mechanism 5 to prevent the crushed straw from being thrown to the front of the equipment. The protective connection mechanism 8 is located on the rear side of the upper part of the frame 4, serving as a protective safety device at the connection point of the straw crushing and residual film recycling combined operation model. The protective connection mechanism 8 is detachable and can be selected according to the operation mode of the straw crushing equipment. The protective connection mechanism 8 includes protective frames 81 on both ends. The protective frames 81 are detachably installed on the frame 4. Multiple layers of protective pipes 82 are connected between the protective frames 81 on both ends, and the adjacent protective pipes 82 are spaced apart.

[0048] Specifically, the grass-blocking mechanism 2 includes a grass-blocking plate with a wavy structure. The grass-blocking plate is inclined outward relative to the central axis of the straw crushing mechanism 5, and the bottom of the grass-blocking plate is set higher than the lowest point of the straw crushing mechanism 5.

[0049] The straw crushing mechanism 5 is connected to the tractor via the suspension mechanism 1. The ground wheel mechanism 6 supports the weight of the entire machine in contact with the ground. During operation, the tractor drives the straw crushing mechanism 5 forward. The transmission mechanism 3 obtains power from the rear output shaft of the tractor and transmits the power to the straw crushing mechanism 5 and the straw conveying mechanism 7 through couplings, transmission boxes, belt drive components, etc. The cutter shaft of the straw crushing mechanism 5 rotates counterclockwise (viewed from the left side of the frame) to crush the straw and throw it backward into the straw conveying mechanism 7. At the same time, the high-speed rotating crushing cutter shaft generates a wind field. The straw crushing process blows away any impurities remaining on the film surface, thus cleaning the film surface. The straw conveying mechanism 7 rotates clockwise, further crushing the straw that has been fed into it and then throwing it onto the ground on the left side of the equipment (viewed from the rear of the frame) where the work has already been done, preventing the crushed straw from contaminating the cleaned film surface. Existing height adjustment components 10 are installed on both sides of the ground wheel mechanism, which are connected to the ground wheel mechanism 6 and the frame 4. Thus, the height of the straw crushing stubble can be adjusted by adjusting the relative height between the ground wheel mechanism 6 and the frame 4.

[0050] In addition, auxiliary legs 9 are provided on both sides of the side of the frame 4 near the suspension mechanism 1. The auxiliary legs 9 include a support tube 91 fixed to the side of the frame 4, and a support leg 92 passes through the support tube 91 and is locked with bolts. The auxiliary legs 9 can assist the entire equipment in providing temporary support.

[0051] refer to Figure 6 As shown, the suspension mechanism 1 includes a mounting bracket 11 and a suspension frame 12, which are connected by a connecting shaft 13. The mounting bracket 11 is connected to the tractor's rear suspension assembly, and the suspension frame 12 is connected to the frame 4, thus connecting the straw crushing equipment to the tractor; Reference Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the mounting bracket 11 and the suspension bracket 12 can rotate around the connecting shaft 13, driving the overall straw crushing equipment to rotate relative to the tractor in the horizontal plane. The overall straw crushing equipment can rotate freely within 330° in the horizontal plane, thereby realizing the attitude adjustment of the straw crushing equipment in the horizontal plane.

[0052] Specifically, the mounting bracket 11 is long and narrow. A pair of connecting seats 112 are provided at both ends of the mounting bracket 11. The connecting seats 112 are connected to the rear suspension assembly of the tractor through the mounting pins 111. The mounting bracket 11 passes through the mounting seat 114. The mounting seat 114 is connected to the middle of the mounting bracket 11. The two ends of the mounting seat 114 pass around the mounting bracket 11 and are rotatably connected to the suspension frame 12 through the connecting shaft 13. The suspension frame 12 has an A-shaped structure. Connecting plates are provided on the upper and lower sides of the pointed end of the suspension frame. The connecting plates extend beyond the suspension frame 12 and are connected to the connecting shaft 13. The other end of the connecting plate is welded to the suspension frame 12. The two sides of the other end of the suspension frame 12 are connected to the frame 4 by bolts.

[0053] A relative motion device is installed inside the mounting bracket 11, which allows the mounting beam 113 in the mounting bracket to rotate in the vertical plane. The structure of the mounting bracket is as follows: Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the mounting frame includes a mounting beam 113, a connecting seat plate 112, and a mounting seat 114. The mounting seat 114 has a set width and is a U-shaped structure with its opening facing the straw crushing equipment. The connecting seat plates 112 are respectively provided at both ends of the mounting beam 113. The mounting beam 113 passes through the middle of the mounting seat 114. A hole is drilled in the middle of the mounting seat 114 and a first bearing seat is provided. The pin 117 passes through the bearing 115 and is installed on the first bearing seat 116 of the mounting beam 113, so that the mounting beam 113 can rotate around the pin 117 as the center, thereby driving the entire straw crushing equipment to rotate on the vertical plane through the suspension mechanism 1. The rotation on the vertical plane allows the straw crushing device to rotate independently relative to the three-point suspension of the tractor, achieving attitude adjustment on the vertical plane. This eliminates the delay caused by ground undulations due to the distance difference between the tractor and the straw crushing equipment, and makes it more conducive for the straw conveying mechanism to perform adaptive contouring operations according to its own travel position. This effectively avoids situations where the stubble height is too high and the straw crushing blade shaft touches the ground, damaging the film surface and thus affecting the residual film recycling effect. Due to the limitation of the mounting seat 114, the attitude adjustment angle of the mounting beam 113 relative to the mounting seat 114 is 12° up and down.

[0054] The aforementioned suspension mechanism achieves a flexible connection between the straw crushing equipment and the tractor through the movement of the suspension mechanism on both the horizontal and vertical planes. This allows the straw crushing equipment to be freed from the rigid traction of the tractor, avoiding damage to the suspension mechanism caused by the tractor's rigid traction during turning or bumping. It also enables the straw crushing equipment to move independently along the ground, maximizing the consistency of the straw stubble height and effectively improving the straw crushing effect. If it were rigidly connected to the tractor, it would easily result in a longer straw crushing length, failing to meet the crushing requirements. For integrated straw crushing and residual film recycling models, the flexible connection design also has a good effect on contour film formation.

[0055] refer to Figure 12 As shown, the straw crushing mechanism 5 includes a pulley 51, a crushing blade 52, a straw crushing drum 53, a blade holder connecting plate 54, a blade holder 55, and a second bearing seat 56. The entire straw crushing mechanism is mounted on the side plates of the straw crushing equipment frame 4 via the second bearing seats 56 at both ends, allowing the crushing mechanism to rotate freely around the axis of the straw crushing drum. A pulley 51 is provided on the left side of the straw crushing mechanism, which transmits power from the transmission mechanism of the straw crushing equipment, driving the entire straw crushing mechanism 5 to rotate counterclockwise around its own axis. (Reference) Figure 13As shown, 34 sets of blade holders 55 are evenly distributed on the straw crushing drum 53 in a double helix pattern. A crushing blade 52 is installed between each set of blade holders 55, serving as a functional component for straw crushing. A blade holder connecting plate 54 is set between two adjacent sets of blade holders on the double helix pattern, which increases the strength of the blade holders 55 and forms a functional component for blowing air to clean the film surface. The blade holder connecting plate 54 forms four sets of left-handed spiral blades around the straw crushing drum. Under the action of the straw crushing mechanism 5, an airflow is formed to the left, blowing impurities on the film surface to the left side of the frame. Its innovation lies in the blade holder connecting plate 54 set between the blade holders 55, which forms four sets of approximately spiral blades. During operation, a spiral airflow blows to the left, blowing away impurities on the film surface and thus achieving film surface cleaning.

[0056] The blade holder blades are not arranged in a double helix pattern to form a double helix blade assembly. This is to create a different airflow from the double helix pulverizing blade assembly and avoid airflow duplication. Instead, the pitch of the blade holder blade assembly's helix is ​​increased, and the number of helical lines is increased. This increases airflow disturbance and prevents the formation of a stable airflow. As a result, it can clean up impurities that were not cleaned by the first double helix pulverizing blade assembly's airflow, achieving the effect of secondary film cleaning.

[0057] refer to Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, the blade holder 55 is a trapezoidal structure. The width of the end of the blade holder 55 furthest from the straw crushing drum is smaller than the width of the other side. The crushing blades 52 are installed in groups between the two blade holders 55 and fixed with pins. The two crushing blades are installed in opposite directions with outward curvature, forming an inverted Y-shaped configuration between the two blade holders. The grouped configuration of the crushing blades 52 helps to distribute the force, reduce the workload of a single crushing blade, and extend the overall service life. The crushing blades arranged in groups with double helical lines can form a multi-stage crushing path, improving the crushing effect while also increasing the material throughput efficiency.

[0058] refer to Figure 19As shown, the pulverizing blade 52 is in the form of a curved blade. The pulverizing blade 52 includes a blade body 523. An opening 522 is provided on the top side of the blade body 523 for connection with the blade holder 55. The side of the blade body 523 away from the opening 522 is bent. A cutting edge 521 is provided on the side of the blade body 523 away from the opening. The cutting edge 521 is located on one side of one end of the blade body and is formed by three or more notches. The curved blade design is to increase the lateral pulverizing area, achieving full coverage of the pulverizing area with as few pulverizing blades as possible, preventing powder leakage. At the same time, the curved blade design can reduce the pulverizing intensity in the blade holder area, avoiding over-pulverization. The bidirectional cutting edge design can enhance the versatility of the pulverizing blade 52, allowing for installation regardless of left or right, effectively improving installation efficiency. An arc plate 524 is added between the vertical part and the curved part of the pulverizing blade 52. On the one hand, it can serve as a reinforcing rib to strengthen the pulverizing blade, and on the other hand, it can enhance the airflow during the rotation of the pulverizing blade, enhancing the film cleaning effect.

[0059] When the straw crushing mechanism 5 is working, the transmission mechanism 3 of the straw crushing equipment provides power to the straw crushing mechanism 5, driving the straw crushing mechanism 5 to rotate counterclockwise. First, the crushing blade 52 swings to its maximum radius under the action of centrifugal force, crushing the straw in the field and throwing it into the straw conveying mechanism 7 set behind the straw crushing equipment. Then, the straw conveying mechanism 7 discharges the straw. The airflow generated by the crushing blade 52 while crushing the straw forms the first cleaning of the film surface, blowing away soil and other impurities on the film surface. Next, the blade blades formed by the blade connecting plate 54 rotate to generate a spiral airflow, which cleans the film surface a second time, blowing the impurities remaining after straw crushing to the left and discharging them onto the ground that has already been worked on, preventing pollution of the ground to be worked on. The straw crushing and film surface cleaning operations are completed in one operation.

[0060] It should be noted that the tool holder arrangement is according to Figure 7 The process is performed using a double helix, with a helix pitch L2 of 200mm. Each helix contains 15-18 pairs of tool holders at 55mm. (Refer to...) Figure 14 As shown, the included angle between two adjacent sets of tool holders 55 on each helix is ​​90°-110°, such as 100°. The distance L1 between the two helices is 500mm. (Refer to...) Figure 15 As shown, the included angle between two adjacent sets of blade holders 55 on the two spiral lines is 8°-12°, such as 10°. The arrangement of the double spiral blade holders 55 can optimize the force on the crushing blade group. The crushing blades strike the straw in sequence to achieve uniform force, thereby reducing power consumption. In addition, the spiral design allows the straw to be subjected to continuous shearing and tearing action during the movement, ensuring a good crushing effect.

[0061] refer to Figure 16As shown, the blade holder blades are four spiral lines evenly distributed on the circumference. After the blade holder connecting plate is installed, four sets of left-hand spiral blades are formed. When the straw crushing drum rotates counterclockwise, it generates an airflow that is conveyed to the left, thereby cleaning the film surface.

[0062] The straw crushing mechanism provided in this embodiment features a double-helix blade arrangement that optimizes the force distribution on the crushing blade assembly. The crushing blades strike the straw sequentially, achieving uniform force distribution and reducing power consumption. Furthermore, the helical design ensures that the straw undergoes continuous shearing and tearing during movement, guaranteeing excellent crushing results. The dual cleaning function of the crushing blade assembly and the blade holder blades is achieved through two processes: the airflow from the crushing blade assembly cleans the film surface of impurities before straw crushing, and the spiral airflow formed by the four sets of blade holder blades cleans the film surface a second time. This dual cleaning ensures the cleanliness of the recycled film residue, which is beneficial for subsequent utilization.

[0063] refer to Figure 20 As shown, the straw conveying mechanism 7 includes a cantilever 71, a third bearing seat 72, a straw conveying shaft tube 74, a spiral conveying blade 75, and an input pulley 76. The straw conveying mechanism as a whole adopts a spiral conveying structure. The left side is mounted on the left side plate of the frame 4 via the cantilever 71, and the right side is mounted on the right side plate via the third bearing seat at the other end, allowing the straw conveying mechanism to rotate freely around the straw conveying shaft tube 74. (Reference) Figure 5 As shown, the cantilever 71 is installed at the extension tube 77 extending from the left side plate of the frame, so that the left end of the spiral conveyor protrudes from the periphery of the frame 4, thereby conveying the straw to the left side of the straw conveying mechanism 7; the spiral conveying blade adopts a right-handed design, and two symmetrical cutters 73 are set at the straw outlet at the leftmost end. The cutter 73 is a rectangular structure, and the end of the cutter 73 away from the straw conveying shaft tube 74 has a blade, which can further chop the longer straw, thereby achieving a better crushing effect.

[0064] When the straw conveying mechanism is working, it obtains power through the transmission mechanism of the straw crushing device. The transmission mechanism transmits the power to the input pulley 76, which drives the straw conveying shaft tube 74 and the spiral conveying blades 75 and cutter 73 mounted on it to rotate together. The straw crushing mechanism throws the crushed straw into the straw conveying mechanism. The straw conveying mechanism rotates clockwise and conveys the crushed straw to the left side of the frame. When the straw reaches the outlet position, it is further chopped by the cutter 73 and then scattered onto the ground on the left side where it has already been processed, thus completing the straw conveying process.

[0065] The straw conveying mechanism is characterized by two cutters at the straw outlet on the far left of the spiral conveyor blades, which further cut the crushed straw to ensure that the straw crushing meets the requirements and does not affect the sowing of the next crop.

[0066] By optimizing the design of the crushing mechanism, the straw is quickly crushed and evenly distributed. The blade holder is set to achieve dual airflow cleaning, reducing straw on the film surface. By adding a straw conveying mechanism, the straw is discharged to the already processed ground, preventing the crushed straw from contaminating the residual film and affecting the residual film recycling effect. This invention can be used for independent operation before residual film recycling, or it can be integrated with residual film recycling equipment for integrated operation. It can effectively improve the residual film recycling rate, reduce the impurity content of the residual film, and improve the quality of straw crushing and residual film recycling operations.

[0067] Example 2 This embodiment provides an integrated machine for straw crushing and residual film recycling, including the straw crushing equipment for farmland described in Embodiment 1.

[0068] Example 3 This embodiment provides a working method for a straw crushing device used in farmland, including the following: The rack 4 is connected to the mobile device via the suspension mechanism 1; The mobile device drives the frame 4 to move along the farmland. During the movement of the frame 4, the straw enters the straw crushing mechanism 5 for crushing. The crushed straw enters the straw conveying mechanism 7, which conveys the crushed straw to the outside of the frame 4. During the operation of the straw crushing mechanism 5, the suspension frame 12 can rotate in the horizontal plane relative to the mounting frame 11, realizing the attitude adjustment of the straw crushing equipment in the horizontal plane. The mounting frame 11 can rotate in the vertical plane relative to the mounting seat 114, thereby driving the attitude adjustment of the straw crushing equipment in the vertical plane and eliminating the ground undulation delay caused by the distance difference between the tractor and the straw crushing equipment. The shredder blade assembly's airflow performs the first cleaning of impurities on the film surface before straw shredding, while the spiral airflow formed by the four blade holders performs the second cleaning of the film surface. This dual cleaning ensures that the recycled film residue is clean.

[0069] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A straw crushing device for farmland, characterized in that, The device includes a frame, a suspension mechanism at the front end of the frame, a straw crushing mechanism at the front bottom of the frame, and a straw conveying mechanism at the rear of the frame behind the straw crushing mechanism. The straw conveying mechanism has a cantilever, one end of which is fixed to the frame. The outlet of the straw conveying mechanism is located on the side of the cantilever. The suspension mechanism includes a mounting frame and a suspension bracket connected to the frame. The mounting frame is set along the width of the frame and is connected to the mobile device. The suspension bracket can rotate in the horizontal plane relative to the mounting frame. The mounting frame passes through a mounting base and is rotatably connected to the mounting base, allowing the mounting frame to rotate in the vertical plane relative to the mounting base, thereby adjusting the posture of the straw crushing equipment in the vertical plane. Both ends of the mounting base are rotatably connected to the suspension frame, allowing the suspension frame to rotate in the horizontal plane relative to the mounting frame.

2. The straw crushing equipment for farmland according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting bracket includes a mounting beam that passes through the mounting seat. Connecting seats are provided at both ends of the mounting beam facing the mobile device. The connecting seats are connected to the mobile device by a mounting pin. A hole is drilled in the middle of the mounting seat and a first bearing seat is provided. A bearing is provided inside the mounting beam. The pin passes through the bearing and is installed on the first bearing seat, so that the mounting beam can rotate around the pin. The mounting bracket is a U-shaped structure with its open side facing the suspension frame. The connecting shaft connects the mounting bracket and the suspension frame, and the connecting shaft is perpendicular to the central axis of the pin.

3. The straw crushing equipment for farmland according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting shaft and the hanging beam are spaced at a certain distance so that the straw crushing equipment can rotate freely within 330° on the horizontal plane; The height of the hanging beam is 7 / 8 to 5 / 6 of the internal height of the hanging seat, so that the attitude adjustment angle of the hanging beam relative to the hanging seat is 12° up and down.

4. The straw crushing equipment for farmland according to claim 1, characterized in that, The straw crushing mechanism includes a straw crushing drum, with both ends of the straw crushing drum movably mounted on the frame. Multiple sets of blade holders are evenly distributed on the straw crushing drum along a double helix, with a crushing blade installed between each set of blade holders. A blade holder connecting plate is provided between two adjacent sets of blade holders along the double helix, and the blade holder connecting plate forms four sets of spiral conveying blades around the straw crushing drum. When the straw crushing mechanism is working, it forms an airflow that conveys to one side of the frame, blowing impurities on the membrane surface toward one side of the frame. The spiral conveying blades are arranged in the same direction as the straw conveying mechanism conveys the straw. The tool holder connecting plate is a plate-shaped structural component, with both sides of the tool holder connecting plate bent to be securely connected to the tool holder.

5. The straw crushing equipment for farmland according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pitch of the spiral line containing the tool holder is 180mm-220mm, with 15-18 pairs of tool holders arranged on each spiral line. The included angle between two adjacent sets of tool holders is 90°-110°, the distance between the two spiral lines is 470mm-500mm, and the included angle between two adjacent sets of tool holders on the two spiral lines is 8°-12°.

6. The straw crushing equipment for farmland according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the straw conveying mechanism is mounted on the side of the frame via a third bearing seat, and the other end is connected to one end of the cantilever. The other end of the cantilever is connected to the frame. The frame is open on the side of the cantilever to discharge the crushed straw from the side of the frame. The straw conveying mechanism is equipped with a cutter on the inner side of the cantilever.

7. The straw crushing equipment for farmland according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a transmission mechanism, one end of which is connected to the mobile device, and the other end of which is placed above the suspension mechanism. The transmission mechanism is connected to the transmission box, and belt drive assemblies are respectively provided on both sides of the transmission box. One belt drive assembly is connected to the straw crushing mechanism, and the other belt drive assembly is connected to the straw conveying mechanism. A straw-blocking mechanism is also provided below the frame in front of the straw crushing mechanism to prevent the crushed straw from being thrown to the front of the equipment. The grass-blocking mechanism includes a grass-blocking plate, which is inclined outward relative to the central axis of the straw crushing mechanism, and the bottom of the grass-blocking plate is higher than the lowest point of the straw crushing mechanism.

8. The straw crushing equipment for farmland according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the frame is equipped with a ground wheel mechanism. The central axis of the ground wheel mechanism is located between the central axis of the straw crushing mechanism and the central axis of the straw conveying mechanism. The height of the ground wheel mechanism is adjustable. A protective connection mechanism is detachably installed on the rear side of the upper part of the frame. The protective connection mechanism is hollowed out and is inclined upward relative to the center of the frame.

9. A straw crushing and residual film recycling integrated machine, characterized in that, The invention includes a straw crushing device for farmland as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. The working method of the straw crushing equipment for farmland according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following: The rack is connected to the mobile device via a suspension mechanism; The mobile equipment moves the frame along the farmland. During the frame's movement, straw enters the straw crushing mechanism for crushing. The crushed straw then enters the straw conveying mechanism, which transports the crushed straw to the outside of the frame. During the operation of the straw crushing mechanism, the suspension frame can rotate in the horizontal plane relative to the mounting frame, enabling the straw crushing equipment to adjust its attitude in the horizontal plane. The mounting frame can rotate in the vertical plane relative to the mounting base, thereby adjusting the straw crushing equipment's attitude in the vertical plane and eliminating the delay caused by ground undulations due to the distance difference between the tractor and the straw crushing equipment.

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