Application of fullerene micromolecule active water as accelerant in crop quality improvement and synergism

Abstract

The invention discloses application of fullerene small-molecule active water as an accelerant in crop quality improvement and synergism, and belongs to the technical field of application of fullerene small-molecule active water. By mixing the fullerene micromolecule active water in the organic fertilizer or the microbial fertilizer, the leaf area and SPAD of crops can be increased, botanical characters of the crops can be obviously improved, and high and stable yield of the crops is facilitated. And after the fullerene micromolecule active water is applied and used, the pesticide residue degradation effect is remarkable and completely meets the standard. The content of organic matters, nitrogen and rapidly available potassium in soil can be effectively improved, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the soil is obviously reduced; the pH value of the soil and the content of quick-acting potassium are reduced to a certain extent. The fertilizer can improve crop growth conditions, improve crop growth environment, increase crop yield, and improve crop nutritional quality and flavor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of application technology of fullerene small molecule active water, specifically relating to the application of fullerene small molecule active water as a promoter in improving the quality and efficiency of crops. Background Technology

[0002] With population growth, industrial and urban development, and the gradual decrease in arable land, chemical fertilizers have naturally become widely used. However, the long-term overuse of chemical fertilizers while neglecting the role of microorganisms and organic fertilizers has led to nutrient imbalances in crops, resulting in decreased yield and quality. Furthermore, extreme weather changes often trigger and exacerbate crop lodging, causing poor crop maturity, reduced rice milling and wheat flour yield, poor taste and nutritional quality of fruits and vegetables, and ultimately, low economic benefits. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a product that improves crop quality and efficiency to address these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an application of fullerene small molecule active water as a promoter in improving the quality and efficiency of crops. By mixing fullerene small molecule active water with organic fertilizer or microbial fertilizer, the leaf area and SPAD of crops can be increased, significantly improving the botanical traits of crops and promoting high and stable yields. Furthermore, after application, this fullerene small molecule active water shows significant degradation of pesticide residues, fully meeting standards. It can effectively increase the content of soil organic matter, nitrogen, and available potassium, and significantly reduce the soil carbon-nitrogen ratio; while soil pH and available potassium content are reduced to a certain extent. It can improve crop growth conditions, improve the crop growth environment, increase crop yield, and enhance the nutritional quality and flavor of crops.

[0004] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] The application of a fullerene small molecule active water as a promoter in improving the quality and efficiency of crops is described. The method involves obtaining fullerene small molecule active water by catalysis of hydroxylated fullerene and deionized water under the action of fullerene nano-biocatalyst.

[0006] Fullerene small molecule active water is combined with organic fertilizer and applied to crop soil for application;

[0007] The crops mentioned include ginger, tobacco, and tea.

[0008] Preferably, the organic fertilizer includes well-rotted organic fertilizer and / or microbial fertilizer.

[0009] Preferably, 50-60 kg of fullerene small molecule active water is added to 1000 kg of organic fertilizer, stirred evenly, and then composted before use.

[0010] Preferably, the composting process takes 25-30 days.

[0011] Preferably, the fullerene small molecule active water is used in crop soil at a rate of 50 kg or 40 L / acre / time.

[0012] Preferably, the fullerene small molecule active water is diluted when used in crop soil, with a dilution concentration of 100 times.

[0013] Preferably, the application method of the fullerene small molecule active water is as follows: during the sowing period, soak the crop seeds with fullerene small molecule active water and water them in the seedbed; spray once during the seedling stage; during the early branching stage, water together with organic water-soluble fertilizer, spray once at intervals of 10-15cm, not exceeding three times; during the underground expansion stage, water with topdressing high nitrogen and potassium water-soluble fertilizer, spray once at intervals of 10-15cm, not exceeding three times.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following technical effects:

[0015] This invention provides an application of fullerene small molecule active water as a promoter in improving crop quality and efficiency. By mixing fullerene small molecule active water with organic fertilizer or microbial fertilizer, the leaf area and SPAD of crops can be increased, significantly improving the botanical traits of crops and promoting high and stable yields. Furthermore, after application, this fullerene small molecule active water shows significant degradation of pesticide residues, fully meeting standards. It can effectively increase the content of soil organic matter, nitrogen, and available potassium, and significantly reduce the soil carbon-nitrogen ratio; while soil pH and available potassium content are reduced to a certain extent. It can improve crop growth conditions, improve the crop growth environment, increase crop yield, and enhance the nutritional quality and flavor of crops. Attached image description:

[0016] Figure 1 Example 2: Changes in the surface area of ​​summer tea leaves under different treatments;

[0017] Figure 2 The SPAD value changes of summer tea under different treatments in Example 2 are shown. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present invention. Specific conditions not specified in the examples shall be carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0019] Example 1: Verification of the effect of fullerene small molecule active water on improving the quality and efficacy of ginger

[0020] 1. Source and purpose of the experiment

[0021] Field trials of ginger fullerene "dual-carbon" fertilizer were conducted in greenhouses and open fields to verify the fertilizer's effect on improving ginger quality and increasing yield, providing a scientific basis for the demonstration and promotion of green ginger production technology.

[0022] Fullerene "double carbon" fertilizer refers to fertilizer obtained by adding 50-60 kg of fullerene small molecule active water to 1000 kg of organic fertilizer, stirring evenly, and then composting for 25-30 days.

[0023] 2. Test location and time

[0024] 2.1 Trial period: March 10, 2022 to November 10, 2022.

[0025] 2.2 Experimental site: Banmu Liangtian Family Farm, Rushan City.

[0026] 3. Experimental Materials and Methods

[0027] 3.1 Basic Information of the Experimental Site

[0028] Banmu Liangtian Family Farm is located in Goudong Village, Yaizi Town, Rushan City, Weihai City, Shandong Province. The soil is alluvial soil with a sandy loam texture. Ginger is planted once a year, sown around Qingming Festival and harvested from late October to early November. The land is idle in winter and spring, and is plowed and fertilized. The soil nutrient status of the experimental field is shown in Table 1.

[0029] Table 1. Basic nutrient status of soil in the experimental field

[0030]

[0031] 3.2 Test Fertilizers

[0032] Fertilizers used in the test: Chemical fertilizers: purchased from the market;

[0033] Test product: Fullerene small molecule active water produced by Zhongyan Ruike Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd.; dosage form: liquid; main components: small molecule water, C60.

[0034] The crop tested was ginger, and the variety was Pingding No. 4.

[0035] 3.3 Experimental Design

[0036] This experiment consisted of four treatments, using a block design. The basic plot area for each treatment was one acre, or 5 meters × 134 meters = 670 square meters (greenhouse).

[0037] Experimental treatment:

[0038] Treatment 1: Open ginger field, abbreviated as FC or CK; Traditional fertilization: 250-300 kg / mu of compound fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O=15-15-15); 200 kg / mu of compound fertilizer as basal fertilizer before sowing, and 50-100 kg / mu of compound fertilizer as top dressing during the tillering and expansion stages. A demonstration ginger field of 5 mu was established.

[0039] Treatment 2: Greenhouse ginger field (GOC); Combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers: 6000 kg / mu of well-rotted organic fertilizer and 150 kg / mu of compound fertilizer; 6000 kg / mu of composted organic fertilizer and 100 kg / mu of compound fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O=15-15-15) were applied as basal fertilizer before sowing; 50 kg / mu of high-nitrogen and potassium compound fertilizer was applied as topdressing during the fruiting and fruit enlargement stages. A demonstration greenhouse ginger field of 20 mu was established.

[0040] Treatment 3: Open-field ginger field + fullerene small molecule active water (FOCC); combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers + foliar spraying of fullerene small molecule active water: 6000 kg / mu of fullerene "double carbon" fertilizer and 100 kg / mu of compound fertilizer; 4500 kg / mu of composted organic fertilizer and 75 kg / mu of compound fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O=15-15-15) applied as basal fertilizer before sowing; 1500 kg / mu of organic fertilizer and 25 kg / mu of high-nitrogen and potassium compound fertilizer applied as top dressing during the tillering and expansion stages. Demonstration field: 20 mu of ginger.

[0041] Treatment 4: Greenhouse ginger field + Fullerene small molecule active water (GOCC); combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers + foliar spraying of fullerene small molecule active water: 6000 kg / mu of fullerene "double carbon" fertilizer; 100 kg / mu of compound fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O=15-15-15); 4500 kg / mu of composted organic fertilizer and 75 kg / mu of compound fertilizer applied as basal fertilizer before sowing; 1500 kg / mu of organic fertilizer and 25 kg / mu of high-nitrogen and potassium compound fertilizer applied as top dressing during the tillering and expansion stages. A demonstration greenhouse ginger field of 20 mu was used.

[0042] Application method of fullerene small molecule active water: Use 50 kg or 40 L per acre each time, diluted 100 times; soak ginger seeds in fullerene small molecule active water during sowing and then water the seedbed; spray once during the seedling stage; irrigate with organic water-soluble fertilizer during the early branching stage, spraying once every 10-15 days, not exceeding three times; during the underground expansion stage, irrigate with high nitrogen and potassium water-soluble fertilizer as topdressing, spraying once every 10-15 days, not exceeding three times. Other field management measures are the same.

[0043] 4. Field Management

[0044] Deep plowing to a depth of ≥25cm before winter, and fertilizing every 667m² one day before sowing after thawing the following spring. 2Apply 5000 kg of high-quality, well-rotted organic fertilizer and 55-200 kg of compound fertilizer to the ginger field, and harrow the land thoroughly. If the ginger field has been used for many years, add soil disinfectants such as lime powder, wood ash, or nematode control bacteria solution before deep plowing in winter.

[0045] On the day of sowing, dig planting furrows 10-15 cm deep with a row spacing of 65 cm. Place the soaked and treated seedlings at a plant spacing of 20 cm, with the sprouted buds facing upwards and the unsprouted ones laid flat or slightly downwards and inserted into the soil. Then cover with 5-6 cm of fine soil, spray the ground with methyl parathion, and cover the planting furrows with straw or other materials for shade.

[0046] Ginger seedlings are susceptible to weed infestation, so timely weeding and cultivation are necessary. After entering the vigorous growth period, hilling should be done in stages. Watering and cultivation should be carried out simultaneously during the seedling stage. Water frequently during the peak growth period of rhizomes until one week before harvest to facilitate the storage of ginger rhizomes. Topdressing should be done in the order of "small hilling first, then large hilling". Around July 10, about 1 / 3 of the total amount of topdressing should be applied and a small hilling should be done. Around the beginning of autumn, the remaining 2 / 3 should be applied and a large hilling should be done. At this time, organic fertilizer should be added to the topdressing and high potassium fertilizer should be supplemented to ensure that the ginger does not become nutrient deficient in the later stages of growth.

[0047] 5. Survey Records and Results Analysis

[0048] 5.1 Effects of different treatments on the botanical traits of ginger

[0049] In early October 2022, the botanical characteristics of ginger under different treatments were observed. Thirty ginger plants were monitored for each treatment, and plant height, stem diameter, number of branches, and SPAD (particulate matter absorption rate) were measured. The results are shown in Table 2. Comparison of ginger growth indicators across different treatments showed that with the application of fullerene "double carbon," the number of ginger branches, plant height, leaf length, leaf width, and SPAD increased to varying degrees. Among these, the FOCC (particulate matter absorption rate) of ginger branches increased the most compared to traditional fertilization. 60 GOCC 60 >GOC, and the difference is significant; FOCC 60 The growth rates of ginger leaf area and SPAD in the GOC treatment both reached significant levels (see Table 2 for details). The above comparisons show that the application of fullerene "double carbon" significantly improves the botanical traits of ginger, which is beneficial for high and stable ginger yields.

[0050] Table 2 Effects of different treatments on botanical traits of ginger

[0051] deal with Number of branches Plant height (cm) Leaf length (cm) Leaf width (cm) SPAD FC 66 97.40 24.3 3.08 50.38 GOC 96 113.40 27.3 3.12 61.26 <![CDATA[FOCC 60 ]]> 118 111.17 27.83 3.15 51.25 <![CDATA[GOCC 60 ]]> 98 108.50 28.33 3.18 55.15

[0052] 5.2 Effects of different treatments on ginger yield

[0053] During harvest and yield measurement, five sample plots were randomly selected from each treatment. Three rows of 6-meter-long ginger plants were randomly selected from each sample plot for digging and weighing. The ginger yields for each treatment are shown in Table 3. The yield measurement results from different treatments show that the application of fullerene "double carbon" significantly increases the biomass of ginger, with a growth rate ranging from 21.32% to 55.82%. The order of biomass growth rate among different treatments is GOCC. 60 FOCC 60 Both GOC and FOCC reached highly significant levels. In terms of economic output, GOC and FOCC... 60 GOCC 60 Compared with the FC treatment, the yield increase rate of the FOCC treatment was 28.04%-63.18% higher than that of conventional fertilization; in terms of biological yield, FOCC... 60 GOCC 60 The difference between the treatment and the FC treatment was also highly significant, indicating that the application of fullerene "double carbon" resulted in the greatest yield increase, and that the application of fullerene "double carbon" products had a highly significant yield-increasing effect on ginger. Ginger is a tuber crop with a relatively high economic coefficient, generally between 0.58 and 0.76.

[0054] As shown in Table 3, the economic coefficient of ginger under different treatments ranged from 0.68 to 0.72. The application of fullerene "double carbon" can increase the economic coefficient of ginger to varying degrees, with an increase of 0.012 to 0.036. This indicates that the application of fullerene "double carbon" is beneficial for the transport of assimilated nutrients to the underground rhizomes of ginger products.

[0055] Table 3. Effects of different treatments on ginger yield

[0056]

[0057] 5.3 Effects of different treatments on ginger quality

[0058] Table 4 shows that the treatment with fullerene "double carbon" significantly increased the accumulation of dry matter, soluble sugar, starch, vitamin C, and volatile oil in ginger compared to the traditional fertilization treatment, while significantly reducing the crude fiber content. The F-test indicated that all differences were highly significant. This is because the microbial community carried by the fullerene "double carbon" can increase the essential nutrients for ginger growth during its growth and reproduction, regulate ginger growth, improve its nutritional and flavor quality, and enhance its marketability.

[0059] Table 4. Effects of different treatments on ginger quality

[0060]

[0061]

[0062] 5.4 Effects of different treatments on soil nutrients in ginger fields

[0063] Table 5 shows that applying fullerene "double carbon" to ginger fields effectively increased soil organic matter content, as well as the content of nitrogen and available potassium. Since ginger is a potassium-loving crop, this significantly reduced the soil carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, achieving a significant difference. Soil pH and available potassium content decreased to some extent. This is because the application of fullerene "double carbon" containing active bacteria promotes the release of elements fixed in the soil, improving fertilizer utilization and increasing soil nutrient activity. Therefore, applying fullerene "double carbon" can improve soil fertility, increase the utilization rate of available nutrients, increase yield, and improve ginger quality.

[0064] Table 5. Effects of different treatments on soil nutrients in ginger fields.

[0065]

[0066] 6. Experimental Conclusions

[0067] Botanical effects: Application of fullerene "double carbon" product increased the number of branches, leaf area, and SPAD in ginger. This indicates that application of fullerene "double carbon" can significantly improve the botanical traits of ginger, which is beneficial to high and stable ginger yield.

[0068] Yield effect: Application of fullerene "double carbon" significantly increased ginger yield, with an increase rate of 28.04%–63.18% compared to traditional fertilization; the growth rate of ginger yield in different treatments was in the order of GOCC. 60 FOCC 60 >GOC, all achieved extremely significant yield increases.

[0069] Quality effect: The treatment with fullerene "double carbon" significantly increased the content of dry matter, soluble sugar, starch, vitamin C, and volatile oil in ginger compared to the traditional fertilization treatment, while significantly reducing the crude fiber content. The "double carbon" treatment has a significant quality-improving effect.

[0070] Soil improvement effect: After applying fullerene "double carbon" to ginger fields, the content of soil organic matter, nitrogen, and available potassium was effectively increased, and the soil carbon-nitrogen ratio was significantly reduced; while the soil pH and available potassium content decreased to some extent. This is related to the fact that the fullerene "double carbon" product contains active bacteria, which promotes the release of elements fixed in the soil and increases the activity of soil nutrients, making the soil improvement effect more significant.

[0071] Fullerene "dual carbon" products are more effective: Applying single carbon type ordinary organic fertilizer can also improve the growth of ginger, improve the growth environment of ginger, increase the yield of ginger, and improve the nutritional quality and flavor of ginger rhizomes, but it is not as effective as fullerene "dual carbon" products.

[0072] Example 2: Verification of the effect of fullerene small molecule activated water on tea quality improvement and efficiency enhancement

[0073] 1. Source and purpose of the experiment

[0074] Field trials of tea microbial fertilizer and fullerene small molecule active water were conducted in tea gardens to verify the effects of the tested fertilizers on improving tea quality and increasing yield, providing a scientific basis for the demonstration and promotion of green tea production technologies.

[0075] 2. Test location and time

[0076] 2.1 Trial period: June 10, 2022 to October 10, 2022.

[0077] 2.2 Test location: Wanlijiang Tea Farm, Qingdao City.

[0078] 3. Experimental Materials and Methods

[0079] 3.1 Basic Information of the Experimental Site

[0080] Shandong Province is a major tea-producing province in the Jiangbei tea region and a renowned high-quality green tea producing area in my country. Wanlijiang Tea Plantation in Qingdao City is located in Xidengying Community, Shazikou Subdistrict, Laoshan District, Qingdao City, Shandong Province. It borders the Yellow Sea to the southeast and enjoys a temperate maritime climate, characterized by warmth, humidity, and distinct seasons. The area boasts numerous mountain springs and year-round flowing streams. The soil is sandy loam and acidic, with ancient trees reaching for the sky. These unique natural conditions provide an excellent growing environment for tea. It grows the northernmost green tea in China, at a high latitude with significant diurnal temperature variations. The resulting green tea is characterized by a long growth cycle, excellent quality, thick leaves, rich flavor, high aroma, and resistance to multiple infusions. The basic soil conditions of Wanlijiang Tea Plantation are: pH 4.50, organic matter 12.16 g / kg, total nitrogen 1.45 g / kg, available nitrogen 13.21 mg / kg, available phosphorus 60.37 mg / kg, and available potassium 118.47 mg / kg.

[0081] Wanlijiang Laoshan Tea is a high-quality Chinese tea and a representative of northern Chinese tea. Wanlijiang Tea Plantation adopts a series of standards including GB / T26530-2011 "Geographical Indication Product Laoshan Green Tea," and has passed QS production license certification and 3A standardization good behavior certification. It is a core demonstration area of ​​urban characteristic agriculture in Laoshan District, Shandong Province, and a key leading processing enterprise in Shandong Province's agricultural industrialization. Wanlijiang Laoshan Green Tea is characterized by its long growth cycle, superior varieties, thick leaves, high and lasting aroma, distinctive features, mellow taste, and resistance to multiple infusions. The tea garden is located in Laoshan District, a famous tea-producing area north of the Yangtze River, renowned for its high aroma, rich flavor, freshness with little bitterness, and robust, long-lasting brew.

[0082] 3.2 Test Fertilizers

[0083] Test products: Bio-fertilizer and fullerene small molecule active water, both liquid formulations produced by Zhongyan Ruike Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd.; Test fullerene small molecule active water: Fullerene small molecule active water produced by Zhongyan Ruike Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd.; Formulation: Liquid; Main components: Small molecule water, C 60

[0084] The crop tested was tea, and the variety was Pingyang Tezao.

[0085] Pingyang extra-early tea trees are medium-leaf, shrub-type, and extra-early-maturing varieties. They have a high survival rate when propagated by cuttings, and exhibit strong resistance to adverse conditions and cold, performing well in Qingdao and surrounding tea-producing areas. The tea trees in the experimental site were 12 years old, with a canopy height of 60cm and a coverage of 78%.

[0086] 3.3 Experimental Design

[0087] This experiment included two treatments, each with an area of ​​667 square meters.

[0088] Control treatment (CK): Irrigated and sprayed with clean water at a rate of 1:1 per 667m². 2 Apply 1000 kg of water evenly to the above-ground parts of the tea tree as a foliar spray.

[0089] Microbial fertilizer + fullerene small molecule activated water treatment: Dilute 200 times, per 667m³ 2 Apply 1000 kg of water evenly to the above-ground parts of the tea trees; spray microbial fertilizer and fullerene small molecule active water every 5 days. The first application of microbial fertilizer was on July 10, the first application of fullerene small molecule active water was on July 14, the second application of microbial fertilizer was on July 19, the second application of fullerene small molecule active water was on July 24, and so on.

[0090] Other field management measures are the same.

[0091] 3.4 Tea Monitoring

[0092] Five days after one cycle of treatment with microbial fertilizer and fullerene small molecule active water (the first application of microbial fertilizer was on July 10th and the first application of fullerene small molecule active water was on July 14th), the first leaf area measurement was conducted (on the same day, July 19th). Subsequently, measurements were taken every five days (for the next treatment, on July 24th), and so on. The third fullerene small molecule active water treatment was postponed to August 16th due to weather conditions. Tea yield was measured on August 19th.

[0093] After the experimental treatment: During the harvesting period, the budding density, weight of 100 buds with one bud and two leaves, and tea yield of each plot were investigated.

[0094] Germination density survey: Three points were randomly selected from each plot, with each point covering an area of ​​0.1 m². 2The number of buds at the three points was added together, and the average was 0.1m after three calculations. 2 The average number of buds within.

[0095] Survey of 100 buds with one bud and two leaves: 100 buds were picked from each plot according to the standard of one bud and two leaves and weighed.

[0096] After harvesting, fresh tea leaves from each treatment were collected and dried. The degradation effects of different treatments on pesticide residues in tea products were tested and analyzed. Typical soil samples were collected from different treatments, and the hydrolyzable nitrogen, organic matter, available phosphorus, available potassium, and pH value of the soil were tested. The soil improvement effect of microbial fertilizer + fullerene small molecule active water treatment was analyzed.

[0097] 4. Survey Records and Results Analysis

[0098] 4.1 Effects of different treatments on the growth of summer tea shoots

[0099] On July 10, 2022, tea leaves from Wanlijiang Tea Plantation underwent different treatments. The effects of the microbial fertilizer treatment (July 10) and the fullerene small molecule active water treatment (July 14) were observed on July 19. Observations began after one treatment cycle, starting on July 19, measuring the leaf area and SPAD value of the first leaf below the bud. During the harvesting period, the bud density and the weight of 100 buds (one bud with two leaves) under different treatments were investigated.

[0100] (1) Leaf area

[0101] like Figure 1 The figure shows the changes in leaf area under different treatments for summer tea. As can be seen from the figure, with the treatment of clear water and microbial fertilizer + fullerene small molecule active water, the leaf area increased to varying degrees, and decreased to varying degrees after two complete treatment cycles. It reached its peak on August 9th (showing the effect of the first two treatment cycles) and then reversed course (as another new leaf appeared). Meanwhile, the leaf area under the first two treatments of microbial fertilizer + fullerene small molecule active water was higher than the control treatment, with an increase rate of 4.47%-8.81%. The daily growth rate of leaf area gradually decreased: (July 19th-July 24th) > (July 19th-July 24th) > (July 30th-August 4th) > (August 4th-August 9th) > (August 9th-August 16th) (see Table 1 for details). Therefore, the application of microbial fertilizer + fullerene small molecule active water can significantly improve the botanical characteristics and growth rate of tea, which is beneficial to high and stable tea yields.

[0102] Table 1. Daily growth rate of summer tea plantation area under different treatments (unit: %)

[0103] Time period 7.19-7.24 7.24-7.30 7.30-8.4 8.4-8.9 8.9-8.16 Control (CK) 10.98 0.32 0.14 0.04 0.02 Microbial fertilizer + fullerene small molecule activated water 9.88 0.35 0.78 0.11 0.08

[0104] (2) Tea buds: per 0.1m 2The number of buds is measured by bud density. In the Wanlijiang Tea Farm experiment, the treatment with microbial fertilizer + fullerene small molecule active water resulted in more new shoot growth in tea trees than the control. The number of buds and the weight of 100 buds in summer tea were significantly increased in the treatment with microbial fertilizer + fullerene small molecule active water compared to the control. This indicates that the application of microbial fertilizer + fullerene small molecule active water has a significant promoting effect on the growth and development of tea tree shoots. See Table 2 for details.

[0105] Table 2 Effects of different treatments on the development of summer tea buds

[0106] deal with Control (CK) Microbial fertilizer + fullerene small molecule activated water The percentage increase compared to CK bud density 53.2 60.8 14.29 Weight of 100 sprouts (g) 24.8 30.7 23.79

[0107] Microbial fertilizer combined with fullerene small molecule active water treatment promotes bud growth and differentiation, resulting in better tea tree growth, more tender buds, and increased tea yield.

[0108] 4.2 Effects of different treatments on tea yield

[0109] Table 3 shows that the tea yield was calculated by processing 500g of summer tea with different treatments. The treatment with microbial fertilizer + fullerene small molecule active water increased tea production by 15.2% compared to the control treatment. This indicates that the treatment with microbial fertilizer + fullerene small molecule active water significantly increases yield and is beneficial to improving tea quality and quantity.

[0110] Table 3. Tea yield of 500g summer tea under different treatments

[0111] deal with Control (CK) Microbial fertilizer + fullerene small molecule activated water The percentage increase compared to CK Tea yield (g) 116.67 134.40 15.2 Tea yield 23.33 26.88 -

[0112] 4.3 Effects of different treatments on tea quality

[0113] Fresh leaves with different treatments are processed into raw tea according to the tea processing technology, and the aroma, taste, liquor color or leaf residue of the samples are evaluated.

[0114] like Figure 2 The figure shows the changes in SPAD values ​​of summer tea under different treatments. As can be seen from the graph, SPAD increased to varying degrees with the treatment of clean water and microbial fertilizer + fullerene small molecule active water, then decreased to varying degrees after two complete treatment cycles; it reached its peak on August 9th (showing the effect of the first two treatment cycles) and then reversed course. Furthermore, the SPAD values ​​of the first two microbial fertilizer + fullerene small molecule active water treatments were higher than the control treatment, while the SPAD values ​​of the third cycle were lower than the control.

[0115] The application of microbial fertilizer combined with fullerene small-molecule active water treatment increases chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficiency in tea plants due to the presence of photosynthetic bacteria in the solution. This accelerates the accumulation of organic matter, thereby speeding up tea tree growth, promoting the growth and development of new shoots, improving shoot tenderness, increasing leaf thickness, and enhancing tea quality. The tea leaves become bright, emerald green, and have a superior taste, reaching the level of spring tea. In particular, the carbon in the fullerene small-molecule active water increases the essential nutrients for tea growth during the growth and reproduction process, regulating tea growth, improving nutritional and flavor quality, and enhancing its marketability.

[0116] 4.4 Effects of different treatments on pesticide residues in tea gardens

[0117] Pesticide residue testing was conducted quantitatively by Zhongpu Anxin (Hangzhou) Technology Co., Ltd., a company accredited and qualified by national testing institutions. The results of the 106 indicators measured in the control treatment showed residues in only 3 indicators, with no other pesticide components detected. Imidacloprid was detected in Laoshan tea, but it did not meet my country's maximum residue limit for food, nor did it exceed the EU and Morocco's tea import / export restrictions. Diflubenzuron was detected in Laoshan tea, and although it did not meet my country's maximum residue limit for food, it exceeded the EU and Morocco's tea import / export restrictions, making it unsuitable for export to the EU and Morocco. Acetamiprid was detected in Laoshan tea, exceeding Morocco's tea import / export restrictions, but not meeting either my country's maximum residue limit for food or the EU's tea import / export restrictions. All 106 indicators of the microbial fertilizer + fullerene small molecule active water treatment were undetectable, fully complying with the EU and Morocco's tea import / export restrictions (see Table 4 for details).

[0118] Table 4. Pesticide residues in summer tea under different treatments (Unit: mg / kg)

[0119]

[0120]

[0121] 4.5 Effects of different treatments on soil nutrients in tea gardens

[0122] Table 5 shows that applying microbial fertilizer combined with fullerene small-molecule active water to tea gardens effectively increased soil organic matter content, as well as nitrogen and available potassium content. Since tea is a potassium-loving crop, this significantly reduced the soil carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, achieving a highly significant difference. Soil pH and available potassium content also decreased to some extent. This is because the application of microbial fertilizer containing active bacteria promotes the release of elements fixed in the soil, improving fertilizer utilization and increasing soil nutrient activity. Therefore, applying microbial fertilizer and fullerene small-molecule active water can enrich the soil, improve the utilization rate of available nutrients, increase yield, and enhance tea quality.

[0123] Table 5. Effects of different treatments on soil nutrients in ginger fields.

[0124]

[0125] 5. Experimental Conclusions

[0126] Botanical effects: The application of microbial fertilizer + fullerene small molecule active water increased the leaf area and SPAD of tea leaves. This indicates that the application of microbial fertilizer + fullerene small molecule active water can significantly improve the botanical characteristics of tea, which is beneficial to high and stable tea yields.

[0127] Yield effect: Applying microbial fertilizer + fullerene small molecule active water can make tea trees grow better, produce more tender buds, and significantly increase bud density and weight of 100 buds, thereby increasing tea yield and tea production rate by 15.2%.

[0128] Effect on pesticide residue degradation: Treatment with microbial fertilizer and fullerene small-molecule activated water resulted in the absence of all 106 monitored indicators in tea. In contrast, the control treatment showed the presence of imidacloprid, acetamiprid, and diflubenzuron. Imidacloprid levels were within acceptable limits and did not affect import / export. Acetamiprid and diflubenzuron levels exceeded EU and Moroccan tea import / export restrictions to varying degrees, impacting import / export. The microbial fertilizer and fullerene small-molecule activated water treatment significantly reduced pesticide residues, fully complying with EU and Moroccan tea import / export restrictions.

[0129] Soil improvement effect: Applying microbial fertilizer + fullerene small molecule active water to tea plants effectively increases soil organic matter content, nitrogen and available potassium content, and significantly reduces the soil carbon-nitrogen ratio; while soil pH and available potassium content decrease to some extent. This is related to the fact that the application of microbial fertilizer + fullerene small molecule active water contains active bacteria, which promotes the release of elements fixed in the soil and increases soil nutrient activity, making the soil improvement effect more significant.

[0130] In conclusion, applying microbial fertilizers combined with fullerene small molecule active water can improve tea growth, enhance the tea growing environment, increase tea yield, and improve the nutritional quality and flavor of tea, allowing summer tea to reach the quality level of spring tea.

[0131] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. The application of fullerene small molecule active water as a promoter in improving the quality and efficiency of crops, characterized in that, Fullerene small molecule active water was obtained by reacting hydroxylated fullerene and deionized water with a fullerene nano-biocatalyst. Fullerene small molecule active water is combined with organic fertilizer and applied to crop soil for application; The crops mentioned include ginger, tobacco, and tea.

2. The application of fullerene small molecule active water as a promoter in improving the quality and efficiency of crops according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organic fertilizer includes well-rotted organic fertilizer and / or microbial fertilizer.

3. The application of fullerene small molecule active water as a promoter in improving the quality and efficiency of crops according to claim 1, characterized in that, Add 50-60 kg of fullerene small molecule active water to 1000 kg of organic fertilizer, stir well, and then compost before use.

4. The application of fullerene small molecule active water as a promoter in improving the quality and efficiency of crops according to claim 3, characterized in that, The composting process takes 25-30 days.

5. The application of fullerene small molecule active water as a promoter in improving the quality and efficiency of crops according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fullerene small molecule active water is used in crop soil at a rate of 50 kg or 40 L / mu / time.

6. The application of fullerene small molecule active water as a promoter in improving the quality and efficiency of crops according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fullerene small molecule active water must be diluted when used in crop soil, with a dilution concentration of 100 times.

7. The application of fullerene small molecule active water as a promoter in improving the quality and efficiency of crops according to claim 1, characterized in that, The application method of the fullerene small molecule active water is as follows: soak the crop seeds with fullerene small molecule active water during the sowing period and water them in the seedbed; spray irrigation once during the seedling stage; During the early branching stage, water with organic water-soluble fertilizer, and spray once at intervals of 10-15cm, not exceeding three times; During the underground expansion period, top dressing with high-nitrogen and potassium water-soluble fertilizer should be applied, followed by spraying once at intervals of 10-15cm, not exceeding three times.

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