Simulation method and device for internal discharge fault of reactor based on optical propagation characteristics, and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a reactor internal discharge fault simulation method and device based on optical propagation characteristics and electronic equipment. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a reactor simulation model based on a reflection coefficient of a reactor internal structure, an attenuation coefficient of transformer oil, actual arc discharge power, a standard arc fault position and a standard arc fault level; determining the illumination intensity and the light intensity distribution of the side wall of the reactor oil tank of the current reactor according to the simulation model; and determining an arc fault position and an arc fault level in the current reactor based on the illumination intensity and the illumination distribution. According to the invention, the optical characteristic of discharge in transformer oil and the optical signal propagation characteristic are taken as the basis for realizing the optical measurement method for the internal discharge fault of the reactor, so that the recognition speed and accuracy of the internal discharge fault of the reactor are improved, and the working stability and safety of a power system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of reactor fault identification technology, and in particular to a simulation method, apparatus and electronic device for internal discharge faults of reactors based on optical propagation characteristics. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of power systems, the stability and reliability of reactors during operation are crucial for power system safety. Defects in oil-immersed reactors lead to partial discharge and insulation degradation. As the discharge severity gradually increases, it eventually causes arcing, forming pressure waves that cause deformation and rupture of the reactor tank, resulting in a reactor "fire and explosion." Rapid detection and identification of arcing, and sending signals to protection devices, helps improve the speed and accuracy of identifying internal discharge faults in reactors, preventing reactor fires.

[0003] Traditional main protection systems for reactor arc faults, such as instantaneous overcurrent protection and differential protection, typically have high thresholds to ensure detection reliability. However, they are not sensitive enough for smaller inter-turn short-circuit faults and may fail to operate. If the main protection system fails to identify and clear the internal arc fault of the reactor in time, the fault may worsen. By then, it may be too late to protect the reactor.

[0004] The rapid detection method for internal arc faults in reactors mainly uses the arc-related characteristics in transformer oil as identification criteria. Once the sensor detects the relevant characteristics, it can issue a tripping signal. The inside of the reactor is a dark, sealed environment. The light signal generated by the arc in the oil travels at the speed of light and can immediately illuminate the entire inside of the reactor tank. Therefore, it can be used as one of the characteristic quantities for arc fault detection, making it the fastest and most reliable arc fault detection method.

[0005] Currently, the optical characteristics of internal discharge faults in reactors are not well understood, and there is limited research on the propagation characteristics and distribution of optical signals inside reactors. Therefore, the optical detection method inside reactors is still far from being applied. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the purpose of this application is to provide a simulation method, device, and electronic device for internal discharge faults of reactors based on optical propagation characteristics, which is used to study the optical characteristics of discharge in transformer oil and the propagation characteristics of optical signals, and to use the above two characteristics as the basis for realizing the optical measurement method of internal discharge faults of reactors, so as to improve the identification speed and accuracy of internal discharge faults of reactors and improve the stability and safety of power system operation.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a simulation method for internal discharge faults of a reactor based on optical propagation characteristics. The method includes: S102: determining the reflection coefficient of the internal structure of the reactor, the attenuation coefficient of the transformer oil, the actual discharge power of the arc, the standard arc fault location, and the standard arc fault level; S104: constructing a reactor simulation model based on the reflection coefficient of the internal structure of the reactor, the attenuation coefficient of the transformer oil, the actual discharge power of the arc, the standard arc fault location, and the standard arc fault level; S106: determining the illumination intensity and light intensity distribution of the reactor tank sidewall of the current reactor according to the simulation model; S108: determining the arc fault location and arc fault level inside the current reactor based on the illumination intensity and the illumination distribution.

[0008] Further, S102 includes: determining the reflection coefficient of the internal structure of the reactor based on a light source, an optical fiber, an integrating sphere, and a spectrometer, wherein the reflection coefficient of the internal structure of the reactor includes: the reflection coefficient of the core, the reflection coefficient of the winding body, the reflection coefficient of the winding support, and the reflection coefficient of the inner wall of the reactor tank.

[0009] Furthermore, S102 also includes: determining a standard reflection spectrum based on a light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and whiteboard; determining the silicon steel sheet reflection spectrum based on a light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and silicon steel sheet; determining the paperboard reflection spectrum based on a light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and insulating paperboard; determining the winding support reflection spectrum based on a light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and winding support; determining the reactor tank inner wall reflection spectrum based on a light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and reactor tank inner wall; determining the core reflection coefficient based on the standard reflection spectrum and the silicon steel sheet reflection spectrum; determining the winding body reflection coefficient based on the standard reflection spectrum and the paperboard reflection spectrum; determining the winding support reflection coefficient based on the standard reflection spectrum and the winding support reflection spectrum; and determining the reactor tank inner wall reflection coefficient based on the standard reflection spectrum and the reactor tank inner wall reflection spectrum.

[0010] Furthermore, S102 also includes: determining the attenuation coefficient of transformer oil based on a light source, optical fiber, collimating lens, cuvette, and spectrometer.

[0011] Furthermore, S102 also includes: determining the actual discharge power of the electric arc based on the attenuation coefficient of the transformer oil, using a collimating lens, ultraviolet optical glass, electrodes, and an electric arc.

[0012] Further, S106 includes: the simulation model determines the illumination intensity and light intensity distribution of the reactor tank sidewall of the current reactor based on the reflection coefficient of the current reactor internal structure, the attenuation coefficient of the transformer oil, and the actual discharge power of the electric arc.

[0013] Further, S108 includes: determining the location of the arc fault based on the light intensity distribution of the six side walls of the reactor tank; and determining the arc fault level based on the light intensity of the six side walls of the reactor tank.

[0014] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a simulation device for internal discharge faults of a reactor based on optical propagation characteristics. The device includes: a first simulation module for determining the reflection coefficient of the reactor's internal structure, the attenuation coefficient of the transformer oil, the actual discharge power of the arc, the standard arc fault location, and the standard arc fault level; a second simulation module for constructing a reactor simulation model based on the reflection coefficient of the reactor's internal structure, the attenuation coefficient of the transformer oil, the actual discharge power of the arc, the standard arc fault location, and the standard arc fault level; a third simulation module for determining the illumination intensity and light intensity distribution of the reactor tank sidewall of the current reactor according to the simulation model; and a fourth simulation module for determining the arc fault location and arc fault level inside the current reactor based on the illumination intensity and the illumination distribution.

[0015] Furthermore, the first simulation module is also used to: determine the reflection coefficient of the internal structure of the reactor based on the light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere and spectrometer, wherein the reflection coefficient of the internal structure of the reactor includes: the reflection coefficient of the core, the reflection coefficient of the winding body, the reflection coefficient of the winding support and the reflection coefficient of the inner wall of the reactor tank.

[0016] Furthermore, the first simulation module is also used for: determining the standard reflection spectrum based on the light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and whiteboard; determining the silicon steel sheet reflection spectrum based on the light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and silicon steel sheet; determining the paperboard reflection spectrum based on the light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and insulating paperboard; determining the winding support reflection spectrum based on the light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and winding support; determining the reactor tank inner wall reflection spectrum based on the light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and reactor tank inner wall; determining the core reflection coefficient based on the standard reflection spectrum and the silicon steel sheet reflection spectrum; determining the winding body reflection coefficient based on the standard reflection spectrum and the paperboard reflection spectrum; determining the winding support reflection coefficient based on the standard reflection spectrum and the winding support reflection spectrum; and determining the reactor tank inner wall reflection coefficient based on the standard reflection spectrum and the reactor tank inner wall reflection spectrum.

[0017] Furthermore, the first simulation module is also used to determine the attenuation coefficient of transformer oil based on a light source, optical fiber, collimating lens, cuvette, and spectrometer.

[0018] Furthermore, the first simulation module is also used to: determine the actual discharge power of the electric arc based on the collimating lens, ultraviolet optical glass, electrodes, and electric arc, according to the attenuation coefficient of the transformer oil.

[0019] Furthermore, the third simulation module is also used to: determine the light intensity and light intensity distribution of the reactor tank sidewall of the current reactor based on the reflection coefficient of the current reactor internal structure, the attenuation coefficient of the transformer oil, and the actual discharge power of the electric arc.

[0020] Furthermore, the fourth simulation module is also used to: determine the location of the arc fault based on the light intensity distribution of the six side walls of the reactor tank; and determine the arc fault level based on the light intensity of the six side walls of the reactor tank.

[0021] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device, including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores machine-executable instructions that can be executed by the processor, and the processor executes the machine-executable instructions to implement the above-described simulation method for internal discharge faults of reactors based on optical propagation characteristics.

[0022] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a machine-readable storage medium, further comprising storing machine-executable instructions, wherein when the machine-executable instructions are invoked and executed by a processor, the machine-executable instructions cause the processor to implement the above-described simulation method for internal discharge faults of reactors based on optical propagation characteristics.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] This application discloses a simulation method, apparatus, and electronic device for internal discharge faults in reactors based on optical propagation characteristics. The method includes constructing a reactor simulation model based on the reactor's internal structure's reflection coefficient, transformer oil attenuation coefficient, actual arc discharge power, standard arc fault location, and standard arc fault level. The method then determines the illumination intensity and light intensity distribution on the reactor tank sidewall based on the simulation model. Finally, it determines the arc fault location and arc fault level inside the reactor based on the illumination intensity and light intensity distribution. This application uses the optical characteristics of discharge in transformer oil and the propagation characteristics of optical signals as the basis for realizing an optical method for detecting internal discharge faults in reactors, thereby improving the identification speed and accuracy of internal discharge faults in reactors and enhancing the stability and safety of power system operation.

[0025] Other features and advantages of this application will be set forth in the following description, or some features and advantages may be inferred from the description or determined without doubt, or may be learned by practicing the above-described techniques of this application.

[0026] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 A flowchart of the first simulation method for internal discharge faults of reactors based on optical propagation characteristics provided in this application;

[0029] Figure 2 A flowchart of the second simulation method for reactor internal discharge faults based on optical propagation characteristics provided in this application;

[0030] Figure 3 This is the first experimental structure diagram provided in this application;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a second experimental structure diagram provided in this application;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a third experimental structure diagram provided in this application;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a fourth experimental structure diagram provided in this application;

[0034] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of light intensity distribution provided for this application;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the first type of light intensity provided in this application;

[0036] Figure 9 This is the fifth experimental structure diagram provided in this application;

[0037] Figure 10 The sixth experimental structure diagram provided in this application;

[0038] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the second type of light intensity provided in this application;

[0039] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the third type of light intensity provided in this application;

[0040] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth type of light intensity provided in this application;

[0041] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of a simulation device for internal discharge faults of a reactor based on optical propagation characteristics, provided for this application;

[0042] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of a simulation electronic device for internal discharge faults of a reactor based on optical propagation characteristics, provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0044] This application is used to identify internal discharge faults in reactors.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 The diagram shows a flowchart of a simulation method for internal discharge faults in reactors based on optical propagation characteristics. The method includes:

[0047] S102: Determine the reflection coefficient of the reactor's internal structure, the attenuation coefficient of the transformer oil, the actual discharge power of the electric arc, the standard arc fault location, and the standard arc fault level.

[0048] S102 includes:

[0049] The reflection coefficients of the internal structure of the reactor are determined based on a light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, and spectrometer. The reflection coefficients of the internal structure of the reactor include: the reflection coefficient of the core, the reflection coefficient of the winding body, the reflection coefficient of the winding support, and the reflection coefficient of the inner wall of the reactor tank.

[0050] S102 also includes:

[0051] The standard reflectance spectrum is determined based on the light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and whiteboard.

[0052] The reflectance spectrum of silicon steel sheets was determined based on a light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and silicon steel sheet.

[0053] The reflectance spectrum of the paperboard was determined based on a light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and insulating paperboard.

[0054] The reflection spectrum of the winding support is determined based on the light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and winding support.

[0055] The reflectance spectrum of the inner wall of the reactor tank was determined based on the light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and inner wall of the reactor tank.

[0056] The reflection coefficient of the iron core is determined based on the standard reflection spectrum and the reflection spectrum of the silicon steel sheet;

[0057] The reflection coefficient of the winding body is determined based on the standard reflection spectrum and the paperboard reflection spectrum;

[0058] The reflection coefficient of the winding support is determined based on the standard reflection spectrum and the reflection spectrum of the winding support.

[0059] The reflection coefficient of the inner wall of the reactor tank is determined based on the standard reflection spectrum and the reflection spectrum of the inner wall of the reactor tank.

[0060] like Figure 4 The diagram shows a pre-built experimental setup for measuring the reflection coefficient R of the internal structure of a reactor. The process of determining the reflection coefficient R includes:

[0061] 1) Light is emitted from the light source along the light ray (i.e., optical fiber). The standard reflective white board (i.e., white board) is placed close to the reflectivity integrating sphere to obtain the standard reflective spectrum of the standard reflective white board ①.

[0062] 2) Replace the standard whiteboard with silicon steel sheet ②, insulating paperboard ③, winding bracket ④, and reactor tank side wall ⑤ and obtain their surface reflectance spectra respectively;

[0063] 3) Based on the reflectance spectrum of a standard reflective white board, the surface reflectance coefficients of all obstructions in 2) are calculated, specifically including:

[0064] Let the standard reflectance spectrum of the standard reflective white board be I0(λ), and the reflectance spectra of the silicon steel sheet, insulating paperboard, winding support, and reactor tank inner wall be I. i (λ)(i=1,2,3,4), then the four reflectivities can be calculated by the following formula:

[0065] Formula 1.

[0066] 4) The reflection coefficients of silicon steel sheets and insulating paperboard are used as the reflection coefficients of the iron core and the winding body, respectively.

[0067] S102 also includes:

[0068] The attenuation coefficient of transformer oil is determined based on a light source, optical fiber, collimating lens, cuvette, and spectrometer.

[0069] like Figure 3 The diagram shows a pre-built experimental setup for measuring the attenuation coefficient of transformer oil. The process for determining the attenuation coefficient of transformer oil includes:

[0070] The attenuation coefficient β of transformer oil (i.e., a type of insulating oil) can be determined by the cuvette method, using a measuring apparatus such as... Figure 3As shown, the system includes a light source, a collimating lens, a cuvette and cuvette holder, and a spectrometer. The light emitted from the light source goes through an optical fiber, passes through the cuvette, and the transmission spectrum of the light signal when it passes through an empty cuvette is recorded. Then, transformer oil is added, and the light passes through the cuvette and transformer oil before entering the spectrometer, where the transmission spectrum of the transformer oil is obtained.

[0071] The attenuation of optical signals of different wavelengths by transformer oil is not the same, so the above parameters need to be written as a function of wavelength λ.

[0072] Let the relative light intensity measured by the spectrometer when the cuvette is empty be I0(λ), and the relative light intensity measured after adding transformer oil to the cuvette be I1(λ). Then the light attenuation coefficient β of the transformer oil can be calculated by the following formula:

[0073] Formula 2;

[0074] In the formula, λ is the wavelength of light in nm; L is the thickness of the cuvette, which can be 10 mm.

[0075] S102 also includes:

[0076] The actual discharge power of the electric arc is determined based on the collimating lens, ultraviolet optical glass, electrodes, and electric arc, according to the attenuation coefficient of the transformer oil.

[0077] like Figure 5 The diagram shows a pre-built experimental setup for measuring the actual discharge power of an electric arc (i.e., an arc discharge test). Figure 5 The dark yellow part is the electrode, the luminous circular area in the middle is the electric arc, and the outside is ultraviolet optical glass, which is filled with transformer oil.

[0078] Determine the actual discharge power of the electric arc The process includes:

[0079] = Formula 3;

[0080] in, This refers to the optical power measured through a collimating lens during the arc discharge experiment. The attenuation coefficient of transformer oil. The optical path length is used in this embodiment. Figure 5 L=340mm The total spherical surface area of ​​the electric arc light source (i.e. Figure 5 (The total surface area of ​​the yellow electric arc bubble). The area of ​​the spherical arc light source capable of emitting ultraviolet light onto the ultraviolet optical glass.

[0081] S104: Construct a reactor simulation model based on the reflection coefficient of the reactor's internal structure, the attenuation coefficient of the transformer oil, the actual discharge power of the electric arc, the standard electric arc fault location, and the standard electric arc fault level; S106: Determine the illumination intensity and light intensity distribution of the reactor tank sidewall of the current reactor based on the simulation model.

[0082] S106 includes: The simulation model determines the illumination intensity and light intensity distribution of the reactor tank sidewall of the current reactor based on the reflection coefficient of the current reactor internal structure, the attenuation coefficient of the transformer oil, and the actual discharge power of the electric arc.

[0083] Specifically, the standard arc fault location and standard arc fault level are pre-acquired template standard data.

[0084] Because the actual model is quite complex, the computational load is large when using finite element simulation analysis software. This application mainly focuses on the propagation characteristics of optical signals inside the reactor; therefore, the reactor model has been simplified to some extent, such as... Figure 6 As shown:

[0085] 1) Ignore the external structure of the reactor tank;

[0086] 2) The winding body is approximated as an elliptical straight cylinder, and its reflectivity is represented by the reflectivity of the insulating paperboard;

[0087] 3) The iron core is approximated as a whole, and its reflectivity is represented by the reflectivity of the silicon steel sheet.

[0088] The approximation is used to reduce the mesh complexity of finite element method (FEM) calculations, thereby achieving faster computation speeds. The rationality of the approximation can be determined by comparing simulations with coarse and fine modeling; for optical simulations, there is no difference between the two. Beneficial effects: This approximation reduces computational load while accurately simulating the actual environment.

[0089] S6: The four types of reflection coefficients of the core (i.e., silicon steel sheets), windings (i.e., insulating paperboard), winding supports, and tank walls (i.e., the inner wall of the reactor tank), the attenuation coefficient β of the transformer oil, and the actual discharge power of the electric arc. The standard arc fault location (which can be arbitrarily set) is used as input to the reactor simulation model. The reactor simulation model will then output the current light intensity and light intensity distribution (e.g., ...). Figure 7 (As shown). In reality, the arc fault location can occur in any area of ​​the reactor tank. The arc location and the fault location are the same concept and can be unified as the arc fault location.

[0090] Formula 4;

[0091] Formula 5;

[0092] Formulas 4 and 5 are formulas for direct and reflected light in transformer oil (transmission is ignored since there are no transparent objects in the reactor). However, in reality, the light is reflected and coupled multiple times. Therefore, to solve for the final output, numerical calculation is required to approximate the result.

[0093] S108: Determine the location and level of the arc fault inside the reactor based on the light intensity and the light distribution.

[0094] S108 includes:

[0095] The location of the arc fault is determined based on the light intensity distribution on the six side walls of the reactor tank.

[0096] The arc fault level is determined based on the light intensity of the six side walls of the reactor tank.

[0097] The results analysis includes the effects of different light source intensities and different light source locations (the light source can be an RK-DL-350 light source) on light intensity, maximum irradiance, light intensity distribution, and arc fault location.

[0098] 1) Determine the fault level: such as Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the light intensity is directly proportional to the power of the light source, and the power of the light source can characterize the level of arc fault.

[0099] 2) Determine the location of the fault: such as Figure 7 As shown, the light intensity distribution is very uneven (the irradiance on the front of the reactor tank is several orders of magnitude higher), so the location of the arc fault can be deduced from the light distribution on the six sides.

[0100] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0101] This invention proposes a simulation method for the optical propagation characteristics of internal discharge faults in reactors, which can realize the optical simulation of arc faults in transformer oil.

[0102] Compared with existing methods for simulating arc faults in transformer oil, it has the following advantages:

[0103] 1) The influence of transformer oil attenuation and the reflection coefficient of the internal structure of the reactor on light propagation was proposed for the first time, overcoming the shortcomings of inaccurate light propagation path simulation.

[0104] 2) By adjusting the experimental design, the optical signal of any fault arc energy can be simulated.

[0105] 3) By adjusting the position of the light source in the simulation, the arc light signal at any arc fault location can be simulated.

[0106] 4) This application uses the reactor's geometric parameters and actual reactor drawings to perform a simplified modeling.

[0107] 5) The embodiments of this application are used to study the optical characteristics of discharge in transformer oil and the propagation characteristics of optical signals, and use the above two characteristics as the basis for realizing the optical detection method of internal discharge faults in reactors, so as to improve the identification speed and accuracy of internal discharge faults in reactors and improve the stability and safety of power system operation.

[0108] Example 2

[0109] This embodiment provides a simulation process, including:

[0110] Application of simulation model: The four reflection coefficients of the internal structure of the reactor under test (through...) Figure 4 Determine), the attenuation coefficient of transformer oil (through) Figure 3 The actual discharge power Parc of the arc (calculated using formula 3) is input into the simulation model, and the simulation model will output as follows: Figure 7 The diagram shows the light intensity distribution on the six sides of the reactor tank. The simulation model can also output, for example... Figure 8 The diagram shown illustrates the light intensity. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of just one side; each side can correspond to one... Figure 8 A diagram illustrating light intensity. Figure 8 The horizontal axis represents the actual discharge power of the electric arc, Parc, and the vertical axis represents the value of that side. Figure 7 The maximum light intensity in the [the region / area]. Based on [the following]... Figure 7 The light intensity distribution on the six sides can determine the "arc fault location"; based on Figure 8 The "maximum irradiance" can determine the "arc fault level".

[0111] Experimental verification: Based on the collimating lenses used to collect light intensity from the six sides of the reactor tank, at least three collimating lenses are required for each side, therefore at least 3*6 collimating lenses are needed. Draw a straight line in reverse from the collimating lens that collects the maximum light intensity. A reverse line can be drawn for each side. The location where the six lines overlap is the "arc fault location". Then, the "arc fault level" is determined based on the maximum light intensity collected by the collimating lenses.

[0112] The simulation results for "arc fault location" and "arc fault level" are basically consistent with the actual experimental results for "arc fault location" and "arc fault level".

[0113] 1. Experimental setup

[0114] like Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, optical experiments on arc faults were conducted using an arc discharge experimental platform. Experiments were set up with different fault degrees and locations to observe changes in the optical signal.

[0115] Beneficial effects: Figure 9 The experimental structure can accurately verify the fault level and fault location.

[0116] 2. Experimental Data Analysis

[0117] When the collimating lens receives direct arc light, the collected data is as follows: Figure 11 As shown.

[0118] When the collimating lens does not receive direct arc light, the collected data is as follows: Figure 12 As shown.

[0119] Based on the above experiment, it can be found that the light intensity was reduced by several orders of magnitude.

[0120] Light intensity under different arc currents (representing the degree of fault) Figure 13 As shown.

[0121] Figure 11 The "arc current" can characterize the "arc fault level," and Parc and Figure 11 It is directly proportional to the "arc current". Figure 11 The "arc current" is used Figure 9 The data collected by the Rogowski coil equipment is used here to characterize the "arc fault level". Figure 11 "light intensity" Figure 11 The "arc current" and "arc fault level" are both directly proportional. The "arc fault location" is determined by the distribution of light intensity received by the collimating lens. Since direct light is several orders of magnitude higher than reflected light, the "arc fault location" can be determined by drawing a straight line in reverse from the collimating lens with the highest light intensity. Figure 13 This demonstrates the relationship between light intensity and arc current.

[0122] Experiments show that the simulated "arc fault location" and "arc fault level" are basically consistent with the actual experimentally verified "arc fault location" and "arc fault level".

[0123] Example 3

[0124] This embodiment provides a method for simulating the optical propagation characteristics of internal discharge faults in a reactor, including:

[0125] Step 1: Calculate the power P of the arc discharge source:

[0126] (1) Measure the reactor oil attenuation coefficient β:

[0127] The attenuation coefficient of reactor oil can be determined by the cuvette method. The measuring apparatus includes a light source, a collimating lens, cuvettes and cuvette holders, and a spectrometer. The light emitted from the light source passes through the cuvette, and the transmission spectrum of the light signal passing through the empty cuvette is recorded. Then, transformer oil is added, and the light passes through the cuvette and the transformer oil before entering the spectrometer to obtain the transmission spectrum of the oil.

[0128] The attenuation degree of oil for light signals of different wavelengths is not the same; therefore, the above parameters need to be expressed as a function of wavelength λ. Let the relative light intensity measured by the spectrometer when the cuvette is empty be I0(λ), and the relative light intensity measured after adding oil to the cuvette be I1(λ). Then the light attenuation coefficient of the oil can be calculated by the following formula:

[0129]

[0130] (2) Measure the reflection coefficient R of the internal structure of the reactor:

[0131] The reflectance measurement procedure is as follows:

[0132] 1) Light is emitted from the light source along the light ray. The standard reflective white board is placed close to the reflectivity integrating sphere to obtain the reflectance spectrum of the standard reflective white board;

[0133] 2) Replace the standard whiteboard with cardboard, silicon steel sheet, oil tank sidewall, and winding bracket, and obtain their surface reflectance spectra respectively;

[0134] 3) Based on the reflection spectrum of the standard reflective white board, the surface reflectance coefficients of all the obstructions in 2) are calculated.

[0135] Let the reflectance spectrum of the standard reflective whiteboard be I0(λ), and the reflectance spectrum of the cardboard and the inner wall of the oil tank be Ii(λ) (i=1,2). Then the reflectance can be calculated by the following formula:

[0136] (3) Calculate the power of the arc discharge source:

[0137] An arc discharge experiment was conducted, and the optical power Pgain of the arc discharge was measured using a collimating lens.

[0138] The actual optical power Parc of the arc discharge was calculated by combining the measured oil attenuation coefficient β and the transmittance of the ultraviolet optical glass.

[0139]

[0140] In the formula, β is the attenuation coefficient of the reactor oil; L is the optical path length / m; Sα is the spherical arc light source capable of emitting light to the ultraviolet optical glass, with a shape of a spherical cap / mm2; and Sttotal is the spherical surface area of ​​the entire arc light source / mm2.

[0141] Step 2: Establish the simulation model:

[0142] Because the actual model is quite complex, the computational load is large when using finite element simulation analysis software. This paper mainly focuses on the propagation characteristics of optical signals inside the reactor, so the reactor model is simplified to some extent: 1) the external structure of the reactor tank is ignored; 2) the winding is regarded as an elliptical straight cylinder, and its reflectivity is represented by the reflectivity of the insulating cardboard; 3) the core is regarded as a whole, and its reflectivity is represented by the reflectivity of the silicon steel sheet.

[0143] Key parameters: core, winding, tank wall reflection coefficient, reactor oil attenuation coefficient, and input optical power. All of these parameters can be measured or solved in the first step. The reactor's geometric parameters require a simplified modeling based on the actual reactor drawings.

[0144] Step 3: Analyze the simulation results

[0145] The results analysis includes: maximum irradiance at different light source intensities, light intensity distribution, and the influence of different light source locations on illumination.

[0146] The simulation method for internal discharge faults of reactors based on optical propagation characteristics provided in this application has the same implementation principle and technical effect as the aforementioned simulation method for internal discharge faults of reactors based on optical propagation characteristics. For the sake of brevity, any parts not mentioned in this embodiment can be referred to the corresponding content in the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0147] Example 4

[0148] like Figure 14 As shown, this embodiment provides a simulation device for internal discharge faults of reactors based on optical propagation characteristics. The device includes:

[0149] The first simulation module is used to determine the reflection coefficient of the internal structure of the reactor, the attenuation coefficient of the transformer oil, the actual discharge power of the arc, the standard arc fault location, and the standard arc fault level.

[0150] The second simulation module is used to construct a reactor simulation model based on the reflection coefficient of the internal structure of the reactor, the attenuation coefficient of the transformer oil, the actual discharge power of the arc, the standard arc fault location, and the standard arc fault level.

[0151] The third simulation module is used to determine the light intensity and light intensity distribution of the reactor tank sidewall of the current reactor based on the simulation model.

[0152] The fourth simulation module is used to determine the location and level of the arc fault inside the reactor based on the light intensity and the light distribution.

[0153] The first simulation module is also used for:

[0154] The reflection coefficients of the internal structure of the reactor are determined based on a light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, and spectrometer. The reflection coefficients of the internal structure of the reactor include: the reflection coefficient of the core, the reflection coefficient of the winding body, the reflection coefficient of the winding support, and the reflection coefficient of the inner wall of the reactor tank.

[0155] The first simulation module is also used for:

[0156] The standard reflectance spectrum is determined based on the light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and whiteboard.

[0157] The reflectance spectrum of silicon steel sheets was determined based on a light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and silicon steel sheet.

[0158] The reflectance spectrum of the paperboard was determined based on a light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and insulating paperboard.

[0159] The reflection spectrum of the winding support is determined based on the light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and winding support.

[0160] The reflectance spectrum of the inner wall of the reactor tank was determined based on the light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and inner wall of the reactor tank.

[0161] The reflection coefficient of the iron core is determined based on the standard reflection spectrum and the reflection spectrum of the silicon steel sheet;

[0162] The reflection coefficient of the winding body is determined based on the standard reflection spectrum and the paperboard reflection spectrum;

[0163] The reflection coefficient of the winding support is determined based on the standard reflection spectrum and the reflection spectrum of the winding support.

[0164] The reflection coefficient of the inner wall of the reactor tank is determined based on the standard reflection spectrum and the reflection spectrum of the inner wall of the reactor tank.

[0165] The first simulation module is also used for:

[0166] The attenuation coefficient of transformer oil is determined based on a light source, optical fiber, collimating lens, cuvette, and spectrometer.

[0167] The first simulation module is also used for:

[0168] The actual discharge power of the electric arc is determined based on the collimating lens, ultraviolet optical glass, electrodes, and electric arc, according to the attenuation coefficient of the transformer oil.

[0169] The third simulation module is also used for:

[0170] The simulation model determines the illumination intensity and light intensity distribution on the side wall of the reactor tank based on the reflection coefficient of the current reactor internal structure, the attenuation coefficient of the transformer oil, and the actual discharge power of the electric arc.

[0171] The fourth simulation module is also used for:

[0172] The location of the arc fault is determined based on the light intensity distribution on the six side walls of the reactor tank;

[0173] The arc fault level is determined based on the light intensity of the six side walls of the reactor tank.

[0174] The simulation device for internal discharge faults of reactors based on optical propagation characteristics provided in this application has the same implementation principle and technical effect as the aforementioned simulation method for internal discharge faults of reactors based on optical propagation characteristics. For the sake of brevity, any parts not mentioned in the device embodiment can be referred to the corresponding content in the aforementioned method embodiment.

[0175] Example 5

[0176] This application also provides an electronic device, see [link to relevant documentation] Figure 15 As shown, it includes a processor 100 and a memory 200. The memory 200 stores machine-executable instructions that can be executed by the processor. The processor executes the machine-executable instructions to implement the above-mentioned simulation method for internal discharge faults of reactors based on optical propagation characteristics.

[0177] Furthermore, Figure 15 The electronic device shown also includes a bus 300 and a communication interface 400, with the processor 100, communication interface 400 and memory 200 connected via the bus 300.

[0178] The memory 200 may include high-speed random access memory (RAM) and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device. Communication between this system network element and at least one other network element is achieved through at least one communication interface 400 (which can be wired or wireless), such as the Internet, wide area network, local area network, metropolitan area network, etc. The bus 300 may be an ISA bus, PCI bus, or EISA bus, etc. This bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 15 The symbol is represented by a single double-headed arrow, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0179] The processor 100 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In implementation, each step of the above method can be completed by the integrated logic circuitry in the hardware of the processor 100 or by instructions in software form. The processor 100 may be a general-purpose processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), etc.; it may also be a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams of the application embodiments in this application. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method applied in conjunction with the embodiments of this application can be directly manifested as execution by a hardware decoding processor, or execution by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module can reside in a readily available storage medium in the art, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, or registers. This storage medium is located in memory 200, and processor 100 reads information from memory 200 and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the method described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0180] This application also provides a machine-readable storage medium storing machine-executable instructions. When these machine-executable instructions are called and executed by a processor, they cause the processor to implement the above-mentioned simulation method for internal discharge faults of reactors based on optical propagation characteristics. For specific implementation details, please refer to the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0181] The computer program product of the simulation method, apparatus and electronic device for internal discharge fault of reactor based on optical propagation characteristics provided in the embodiments of this application includes a computer-readable storage medium storing program code. The instructions included in the program code can be used to execute the method in the preceding method embodiments. For specific implementation, please refer to the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0182] If this function is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, electronic device, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0183] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A simulation method for internal discharge faults in reactors based on optical propagation characteristics, characterized in that, The method includes: S102: Determine the reflection coefficient of the internal structure of the reactor, the attenuation coefficient of the transformer oil, the actual discharge power of the electric arc, the standard arc fault location, and the standard arc fault level; S104: Construct a reactor simulation model based on the reflection coefficient of the reactor's internal structure, the attenuation coefficient of the transformer oil, the actual discharge power of the electric arc, the standard electric arc fault location, and the standard electric arc fault level; S106: Determine the illumination intensity and light intensity distribution of the reactor tank sidewall of the current reactor based on the simulation model; S108: Determine the location and level of the arc fault inside the reactor based on the light intensity and the light distribution.

2. The simulation method for internal discharge faults of reactors based on optical propagation characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, S102 includes: The reflection coefficients of the internal structure of the reactor are determined based on a light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, and spectrometer. The reflection coefficients of the internal structure of the reactor include: the reflection coefficient of the core, the reflection coefficient of the winding body, the reflection coefficient of the winding support, and the reflection coefficient of the inner wall of the reactor tank.

3. The simulation method for internal discharge faults of reactors based on optical propagation characteristics according to claim 2, characterized in that, S102 also includes: The standard reflectance spectrum is determined based on the light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and whiteboard. The reflectance spectrum of silicon steel sheets was determined based on a light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and silicon steel sheet. The reflectance spectrum of the paperboard was determined based on a light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and insulating paperboard. The reflection spectrum of the winding support is determined based on the light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and winding support. The reflectance spectrum of the inner wall of the reactor tank was determined based on the light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and inner wall of the reactor tank. The reflection coefficient of the iron core is determined based on the standard reflection spectrum and the reflection spectrum of the silicon steel sheet; The reflection coefficient of the winding body is determined based on the standard reflection spectrum and the paperboard reflection spectrum; The reflection coefficient of the winding support is determined based on the standard reflection spectrum and the reflection spectrum of the winding support. The reflection coefficient of the inner wall of the reactor tank is determined based on the standard reflection spectrum and the reflection spectrum of the inner wall of the reactor tank.

4. The simulation method for internal discharge faults of reactors based on optical propagation characteristics according to claim 2, characterized in that, S102 also includes: The attenuation coefficient of transformer oil is determined based on a light source, optical fiber, collimating lens, cuvette, and spectrometer.

5. The simulation method for internal discharge faults of reactors based on optical propagation characteristics according to claim 4, characterized in that, S102 also includes: The actual discharge power of the electric arc is determined based on the collimating lens, ultraviolet optical glass, electrodes, and electric arc, according to the attenuation coefficient of the transformer oil.

6. The simulation method for internal discharge faults of reactors based on optical propagation characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, S106 includes: The simulation model determines the illumination intensity and light intensity distribution of the reactor tank sidewall of the current reactor based on the reflection coefficient of the current reactor internal structure, the attenuation coefficient of the transformer oil, and the actual discharge power of the electric arc.

7. The simulation method for internal discharge faults of reactors based on optical propagation characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, S108 includes: The location of the arc fault is determined based on the light intensity distribution on the six side walls of the reactor tank; The arc fault level is determined based on the light intensity of the six side walls of the reactor tank.

8. A simulation device for internal discharge faults in reactors based on optical propagation characteristics, characterized in that, The device includes: The first simulation module is used to determine the reflection coefficient of the internal structure of the reactor, the attenuation coefficient of the transformer oil, the actual discharge power of the arc, the standard arc fault location, and the standard arc fault level. The second simulation module is used to construct a reactor simulation model based on the reflection coefficient of the internal structure of the reactor, the attenuation coefficient of the transformer oil, the actual discharge power of the arc, the standard arc fault location, and the standard arc fault level. The third simulation module is used to determine the light intensity and light intensity distribution of the reactor tank sidewall of the current reactor based on the simulation model. The fourth simulation module is used to determine the location and level of the arc fault inside the reactor based on the light intensity and the light distribution.

9. The simulation device for internal discharge faults of reactors based on optical propagation characteristics according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first simulation module is also used for: The reflection coefficients of the internal structure of the reactor are determined based on a light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, and spectrometer. The reflection coefficients of the internal structure of the reactor include: the reflection coefficient of the core, the reflection coefficient of the winding body, the reflection coefficient of the winding support, and the reflection coefficient of the inner wall of the reactor tank.

10. The simulation device for internal discharge faults of reactors based on optical propagation characteristics according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first simulation module is also used for: The standard reflectance spectrum is determined based on the light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and whiteboard. The reflectance spectrum of silicon steel sheets was determined based on a light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and silicon steel sheet. The reflectance spectrum of the paperboard was determined based on a light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and insulating paperboard. The reflection spectrum of the winding support is determined based on the light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and winding support. The reflectance spectrum of the inner wall of the reactor tank was determined based on the light source, optical fiber, integrating sphere, spectrometer, and inner wall of the reactor tank. The reflection coefficient of the iron core is determined based on the standard reflection spectrum and the reflection spectrum of the silicon steel sheet; The reflection coefficient of the winding body is determined based on the standard reflection spectrum and the paperboard reflection spectrum; The reflection coefficient of the winding support is determined based on the standard reflection spectrum and the reflection spectrum of the winding support. The reflection coefficient of the inner wall of the reactor tank is determined based on the standard reflection spectrum and the reflection spectrum of the inner wall of the reactor tank.

11. The simulation device for internal discharge faults of reactors based on optical propagation characteristics according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first simulation module is also used for: The attenuation coefficient of transformer oil is determined based on a light source, optical fiber, collimating lens, cuvette, and spectrometer.

12. The simulation device for internal discharge faults of reactors based on optical propagation characteristics according to claim 11, characterized in that, The first simulation module is also used for: The actual discharge power of the electric arc is determined based on the collimating lens, ultraviolet optical glass, electrodes, and electric arc, according to the attenuation coefficient of the transformer oil.

13. The simulation device for internal discharge faults of reactors based on optical propagation characteristics according to claim 8, characterized in that, The third simulation module is also used for: The simulation model determines the illumination intensity and light intensity distribution on the side wall of the reactor tank based on the reflection coefficient of the current reactor internal structure, the attenuation coefficient of the transformer oil, and the actual discharge power of the electric arc.

14. The simulation device for internal discharge faults of reactors based on optical propagation characteristics according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fourth simulation module is also used for: The location of the arc fault is determined based on the light intensity distribution on the six side walls of the reactor tank; The arc fault level is determined based on the light intensity of the six side walls of the reactor tank.

15. An electronic device, characterized in that, The method includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing machine-executable instructions that can be executed by the processor, the processor executing the machine-executable instructions to implement the simulation method for internal discharge faults of reactors based on optical propagation characteristics as described in any one of claims 1-7.

16. A machine-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The machine-readable storage medium stores machine-executable instructions, which, when invoked and executed by a processor, cause the processor to implement the simulation method for internal discharge faults of reactors based on optical propagation characteristics as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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