Vibration drift removal and compensation method for atom interference measurement
By filtering, averaging, and fitting the accelerometer signal, the problems of accelerometer drift and vibration noise in atomic interferometry were solved, achieving higher precision vibration compensation and noise suppression.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-07
AI Technical Summary
Quantum precision measurement instruments based on atomic interference are extremely sensitive to ground vibrations, which leads to a significant deterioration in measurement noise. Furthermore, accelerometers have drift characteristics with time and temperature, introducing systematic errors and additional drift phase.
By acquiring the voltage signal from the accelerometer, using a bandpass filter to filter out unwanted frequency components, converting it into an acceleration signal, and performing arithmetic averaging and linear fitting to remove drift, the vibration phase is finally compensated into the laser phase to obtain an accurate interference phase.
It effectively suppressed the time and temperature drift of the accelerometer, reduced the measurement noise introduced by ground vibration, and improved the accuracy and precision of the measurement.
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Figure CN121806136A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of atomic interference precision measurement, and particularly relates to a vibration drift removal and vibration compensation method for atomic interference measurement. BACKGROUND
[0002] The development of quantum technology is bringing far-reaching changes to global society, military and economic fields, and quantum precision measurement technology based on atomic interference is at the forefront of application and has begun to gradually replace related measurement instruments based on traditional measurement technology.
[0003] However, quantum precision measurement instruments based on atomic interference are usually extremely sensitive to ground vibrations, resulting in a significant deterioration of measurement noise. In the early laboratory prototype development stage, a passive vibration isolation platform combined with a seismometer can effectively suppress the influence of ground vibrations and obtain high measurement sensitivity. With the continuous development of quantum technology, in order to truly go out of the laboratory and move towards application, the instrument begins to use an accelerometer to measure the acceleration change caused by the ground and to replace the original scheme by compensating the interference phase. In comparison, the accelerometer is small in size and easy to install, greatly reducing the size and installation complexity of the measurement unit. However, the accelerometer has the characteristics of time drift and temperature drift, which will introduce a large system error to the measured physical quantity.
[0004] Currently, in the development of atomic interference-based precision measurement systems towards miniaturization, an accelerometer device is usually used to measure vibration for vibration compensation to suppress the measurement noise introduced by vibration. However, the accelerometer is a relative measurement device and has the characteristics of time drift and temperature drift, thereby introducing an additional drift phase and system error to the atomic interference fringes after vibration compensation. SUMMARY
[0005] The application aims to solve the above problems and provides a vibration drift removal and vibration compensation method for atomic interference measurement, which can effectively suppress the system error introduced by the drift of the accelerometer and the measurement noise introduced by vibration.
[0006] The technical scheme adopted by the application to solve the technical problems is as follows: a vibration drift removal and compensation method for atomic interference measurement, comprising the following steps
[0007] S10, atomic interference measurement: after the atomic interference-based precision measurement system completes power-on and preheating preparation, atomic interference continuous measurement is carried out, and the absolute gravimeter starts atomic interference continuous measurement of the repeated measurement timing sequence to generate interference fringes;
[0008] S20, collecting voltage signal by accelerometer: continuously collecting the vibration caused by the ground vibration and other environment through the accelerometer, and directly collecting the voltage signal of the vibration;
[0009] S30, filtering out the low frequency and high frequency signals in the voltage signal which are not sensitive to the atomic interference measurement system through the band-pass filter circuit;
[0010] S40, then collecting the voltage signal by the main control system
[0011] S50, the main control system converts the voltage signal into acceleration signal;
[0012] S60, after taking the arithmetic mean of the acceleration signal collected in a certain cycle measurement time, linear fitting is carried out, and the acceleration signal in the interference measurement period is converted into vibration phase;
[0013] S70, converting the average value of the acceleration signal into vibration phase: subtracting the linear fitting result from the acceleration signal in the interference measurement period collected in each cycle measurement;
[0014] S80, linear fitting of vibration phase: multiplying the acceleration signal in the interference measurement period by the transfer function of the atomic interferometer to convert it into vibration phase;
[0015] S90, removing the drift of the vibration phase in the interference measurement period;
[0016] S100, fitting the interference fringes, compensating the vibration phase into the laser phase to obtain the interference phase;
[0017] S110, the measurement physical quantity can be calculated by the interference phase, and the gravitational acceleration is obtained.
[0018] Further, the measurement timing in step S20 includes interference measurement timing and non-interference measurement timing, the acceleration in the interference measurement timing is collected, which is used for vibration compensation phase calculation in atomic interference measurement; the acceleration in the complete measurement timing is collected, which is used for removing the drift of the accelerometer measurement value.
[0019] Further, the voltage signal Vs collected in step S50 is converted into acceleration a in the processor of the main control system s =V s *k a , wherein k a is the calibration coefficient of the accelerometer.
[0020] Further, in step S60, the acceleration signal a s in the interference measurement timing collected in the single measurement timing is converted into the vibration phase in the atomic interference phase after acting on the transfer function , the specific expression is , wherein k eff is the effective wave vector of the interference laser, T is the interval time between the two interference pulses, f s is the sampling rate of the acceleration signal, n is the count of the sampling points of the acceleration signal, and τ is the pulse width of the first interference pulse.
[0021] Further, the processor in step S70 processes all the acceleration signals a s collected in a single measurement time sequence, including the interference measurement time sequence and the non-interference measurement time sequence, to calculate the arithmetic mean value , which is then also subjected to the transfer function, and then converted into the average vibration phase in the atomic interference phase , and the specific expression is: After the calculation is completed, the average vibration phase is uploaded to the main control system (4).
[0022] Further, the average vibration phase is collected in each measurement time sequence in step S80, and when the processor of the main control system collects a certain number of points, for example, 200 points, an average value is taken every 20 points, and then 10 average values are obtained for linear fitting to obtain the fitting slope k and the fitting intercept b of the average value, and the fitted average vibration phase of a single measurement time sequence is represented as .
[0023] Further, the vibration phase obtained in the nth measurement is deducted from the fitted average vibration phase in step S90 to obtain the vibration phase of the nth measurement after removing the drift.
[0024] Further, in step S100, during the atomic interference gravity measurement, the interference laser phase is modulated to form a complete cosine function, and then the phase introduced by the gravitational acceleration is fitted through the cosine function fitting.
[0025] The beneficial effects of the present application are:
[0026] The present application can effectively suppress the time drift of the acceleration measured by the accelerometer, and the influence of the additional phase during the vibration compensation of the atomic interference.
[0027] The present application can effectively suppress the rapid temperature drift of the acceleration measured by the accelerometer in a rapid temperature change environment, and the influence of the additional phase during the vibration compensation of the atomic interference.
[0028] The present application can effectively suppress the atomic interference measurement noise introduced by the ground vibration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the precise measurement system of the application.
[0030] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the application.
[0031] The reference signs are as follows: 1-atomic interferometer, 2-accelerometer, 3-band pass filter circuit, 4-master control system, 4-1-acquisition circuit, 4-2-processor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] The advantages and features of the application will be more apparent with the description. However, the embodiments are only exemplary and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of the application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the details and forms of the technical solutions of the application can be modified or replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, and such modifications and replacements fall within the protection scope of the application.
[0033] The application is a vibration drift removal and compensation method for atomic interference measurement, based on Figure 1 As shown in the precise measurement system of atomic interference, the accelerometers 2 fixed to the atomic interferometer 1 are connected to the band pass filter circuit 3 and the master control system 4 containing the acquisition circuit 4-1 and the processor 4-2 in sequence; it can be the measurement of physical quantities such as gravitational acceleration, gravitational gradient, rotational angular velocity and angle, and the following is an example of absolute gravimeter based on atomic interference measurement.
[0034] Referring to Figure 2 As shown, the application discloses the following steps.
[0035] S10, atomic interference measurement: the operator turns on the power of the atomic interference precise measurement system instrument, completes the preheating and measurement preparation work, and runs the measurement program, and the absolute gravimeter starts the continuous measurement of the atomic interferometer 1 in the repeated measurement time sequence to generate interference fringes.
[0036] S20, the accelerometers 2 collect voltage signals: in the continuous measurement process, the accelerometers 2 continuously collect the vibration caused by the vibration of the atomic interferometer 1 of the instrument caused by the ground vibration and the like, and directly collect the voltage signals of the vibration.
[0037] The measurement time sequence includes the interference measurement time sequence and the non-interference measurement time sequence, the accelerations in the interference measurement time sequence are collected, which are used for vibration compensation phase calculation in atomic interference measurement; the accelerations in the complete measurement time sequence are collected, which are used for removing the drift of the measurement value of the accelerometers 2.
[0038] S30, the accelerometer 2 will collect the voltage signal output, through a band-pass filter circuit 3, usually outside the frequency components of 0.01~100Hz filtering.
[0039] S40, the master system 4 collects voltage signal: filtered voltage signal through the acquisition circuit 4-1, by the master system 4 to complete real-time acquisition.
[0040] S50, the master system 4 will convert the voltage signal to acceleration signal; the voltage signal Vs collected in the processor 4-2 of the master system 4 is converted to acceleration a s =V s *k a , where k a is the coefficient of the accelerometer 2 collection acceleration and voltage.
[0041] S60, the acceleration signal of the interference measurement period is converted to vibration phase: the acceleration signal collected in a certain cycle measurement time is taken as the arithmetic mean value, and linear fitting is carried out. In the processor 4-2 of the master system 4, the acceleration signal a s of the interference measurement time sequence collected in a single measurement time sequence is converted to the vibration phase in the atomic interference phase after acting on the transfer function, the specific expression is , where k eff is the effective wave vector of the interference laser, T is the interval time between the two interference pulses, f s is the sampling rate of the acceleration signal, n is the count of the sampling point number of the acceleration signal, and τ is the pulse width of the first interference pulse. After calculation, the vibration phase is uploaded to the master system 4, which includes time sequence output control, data acquisition control and data processing.
[0042] S70, the average value of the acceleration signal is converted to the vibration phase: the acceleration signal of the interference measurement period collected in each cycle measurement is subtracted from the linear fitting result. In the processor 4-2 of the master system 4, the arithmetic mean value s of all the acceleration signals a collected in a single measurement time sequence, including the interference measurement time sequence and the non-interference measurement time sequence, is calculated. Then, after acting on the transfer function, the average vibration phase in the atomic interference phase is converted, the specific expression is , after calculation, the average vibration phase is uploaded to the master system 4.
[0043] S80, linear fitting of vibration phase: the acceleration signal of the interference measurement period is multiplied by the transfer function of the atomic interferometer 1 to convert to vibration phase. An average vibration phase is collected in each measurement time sequence When the processor 4-2 of the master system 4 collects a certain number of points, for example, 200 points, an average value is taken every 20 points, and then 10 average values are obtained for linear fitting to obtain a fitted slope k and a fitted intercept b of the average value, and the fitted average vibration phase of a single measurement timing is represented as .
[0044] S90, remove the drift from the vibration phase of the interference measurement period. The vibration phase obtained by the n th measurement stored in the processor 4-2 of the master system 4 , deduct the fitted average vibration phase , to obtain the vibration phase of the n th measurement after removing the drift .
[0045] S100, fit the interference fringes, compensate the vibration phase into the laser phase, and obtain the interference phase. In atomic interference gravity measurement, the laser phase is usually modulated to form a complete cosine function, and then the phase introduced by the gravitational acceleration is fitted by cosine function fitting.
[0046] For example, a cosine fringe is formed every 10 measurement points, and the laser phase is superimposed with the vibration phase as the horizontal axis, and the collected atomic transition probability is the vertical axis, and a gravitational acceleration phase can be fitted: , wherein A and C are two other cosine fringe parameters.
[0047] S110, the measured physical quantity can be calculated through the interference phase to obtain the gravitational acceleration.
[0048] According to the principle of atomic interference gravity measurement, a gravitational acceleration phase fitted every 10 measurement points can obtain a gravitational acceleration measurement value .
[0049] The present application realizes the suppression of the time drift and temperature drift of the accelerometer 2 relative acceleration measurement by filtering, smoothing, linear fitting and deducting the data processing of the accelerometer 2 collected signal, and greatly reduces the measurement noise introduced by ground vibration.
[0050] Those skilled in the art can easily understand that the above description is only a preferred use case of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A method for vibration drift removal and compensation in atomic interferometry, characterized in that: Includes the following steps S10, after powering on and preheating the precision measurement system for atomic interference, the atomic interferometer (1) starts to continuously measure the time sequence and generates interference fringes. S20, the vibration sensed by the atomic interferometer (1) is continuously collected by the accelerometer (2) to obtain the voltage signal of the vibration; S30, the bandpass filter circuit (3) filters out insensitive low-frequency and high-frequency signals in the voltage signal; S40, the main control system (4) completes the real-time acquisition of voltage signals; S50, the main control system (4) converts the voltage signal into an acceleration signal; S60, after taking the arithmetic mean of the collected acceleration signal, performs linear fitting to convert the acceleration signal during the interferometric measurement period into vibration phase; S70, the average value of the acceleration signal is converted into the vibration phase: the linear fitting result is subtracted from the acceleration signal collected in each cycle of measurement; S80, vibration phase linear fitting: the acceleration signal during the interferometric measurement period is multiplied by the transfer function of the atomic interferometer (1) and converted into the vibration phase; S90 removes the drift of the vibration phase during the interferometric measurement period; S100, fits the interference fringes, compensates the vibration phase into the laser phase, and obtains the interference phase; S110 calculates the measured physical quantity through interference phase to obtain the gravitational acceleration.
2. According to claim 1, the vibration drift removal and compensation method for atomic interferometry, the measurement timing in step S20 includes interferometric measurement timing and non-interferometric measurement timing, the acceleration of the interferometric measurement timing is collected for vibration compensation phase calculation during atomic interferometry; the acceleration of the complete measurement timing is collected for deducting the drift of the accelerometer (2) measurement value.
3. In the vibration drift removal and compensation method for atomic interferometry according to claim 2, the voltage signal Vs acquired in step S50 is converted into acceleration a in the processor (4-2) of the main control system (4). s =V s *k a , where k a The calibration coefficients of the accelerometer (2) are given.
4. The vibration drift removal and compensation method for atomic interferometry according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S60, the processor (4-2) processes the acceleration signal a from the interferometric measurement time sequence acquired in a single measurement. s Interacting with the transfer function, it is converted into the vibrational phase in the atomic interference phase. , where k eff Let f be the effective wave vector of the interferometric laser, T be the time interval between the two interference pulses, and f be the effective wave vector of the interferometric laser. s τ is the sampling rate of the acceleration signal, n is the count of the number of sampling points of the acceleration signal, and τ is the pulse width of the first interference pulse.
5. The vibration drift removal and compensation method for atomic interferometry according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S70, the processor (4-2) will process all acceleration signals a acquired in a single measurement sequence. s Calculate the arithmetic mean After interacting with the transfer function, it is converted into the average vibrational phase in the atomic interference phase. .
6. The vibration drift removal and compensation method for atomic interferometry according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S80, an average vibration phase is collected for each measurement timing sequence. The processor (4-2) takes an average value every 20 points, and then uses the obtained 10 average values to perform linear fitting, obtaining the fitting slope k and fitting intercept b of the average value, and the fitted average vibration phase of a single measurement time series. .
7. The vibration drift removal and compensation method for atomic interferometry according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S90, the vibration phase obtained from the nth measurement stored in the processor (4-2) is used. Subtracting the fitted average vibration phase The vibration phase of the nth measurement after removing the drift is obtained. .
8. The vibration drift removal and compensation method for atomic interferometry according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S100, the phase of the modulated interferometric laser is formed into a complete cosine function, and then the phase introduced by gravitational acceleration is fitted by the cosine function fitting method.
9. A method for vibration drift removal and compensation in atomic interferometry according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S110, a gravitational acceleration phase is obtained by fitting every 10 measurement points. This yields a measurement of gravitational acceleration. .