Image acquisition device and image acquisition method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an image acquisition device and an image acquisition method thereof, and relates to the technical field of image processing, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining three-primary-color light through a white light source cooperating with a narrow-band filter, sequentially irradiating a to-be-detected target through an optical component, and then collecting three monochromatic black-and-white images with the same resolution by a black-and-white camera, carrying out conversion processing on the pixel point numerical value information of the three black-and-white images through a processor to obtain Lab three-channel numerical values; according to the Lab three-channel numerical value, a color image with the same resolution as the three black-and-white images is generated; and color information corresponding to the to-be-detected target is extracted from the color image. Therefore, interference of conjugate images in a holographic method can be avoided, double advantages of a large view field and high resolution are considered, identifiable information of a to-be-detected target is increased, color features of the target can be clearly presented, and accurate observation is facilitated; the method is especially suitable for drug sensitivity detection scenes, can capture color and quantity changes of bacteria in drug resistance experiments in real time, significantly improves detection efficiency, and reduces cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of image processing technology, and in particular to an image acquisition device and an image acquisition method thereof. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional methods for drug sensitivity testing mainly include the disk diffusion method, dilution method, antibiotic concentration gradient method, and automated instruments. The first three methods are primarily manual, which are time-consuming, inefficient, require highly skilled personnel, are prone to subjective bias, and are susceptible to errors. Automated instruments detect and statistically analyze the growth of test objects (such as bacteria) using optical image modules, but they have a major drawback: most instruments can only acquire black-and-white images of bacteria. While bacteria themselves are colorless and transparent, some bacteria can produce pigments through metabolism, causing their colonies to exhibit multiple colors. Black-and-white images reduce the amount of bacterial characteristic information collected, especially the lack of relevant color information, increasing the difficulty of bacterial identification, analysis, and statistical analysis. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an image acquisition device and its image acquisition method, which can clearly present the color features of the target to be tested, help accurate observation, significantly improve detection efficiency, and is especially suitable for drug sensitivity testing scenarios.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention provides an image acquisition device, comprising:

[0005] A light source used to produce white light;

[0006] A narrowband filter is used to filter the white light to obtain three monochromatic lights: red, green, and blue.

[0007] Optical components are used to sequentially illuminate the target to be detected with three monochromatic lights;

[0008] A monochrome camera is used to capture the target to be detected under the same resolution conditions, and sequentially obtain three monochrome images corresponding to three monochromatic lights, and acquire the pixel value information of the three monochrome images.

[0009] The processor is used to convert the pixel value information of three black and white images to obtain the Lab three-channel values ​​in the Lab color model; based on the obtained Lab three-channel values, a color image with the same resolution as the three black and white images is generated; and the color information corresponding to the target to be detected is extracted from the color image.

[0010] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention also provides an image acquisition method for the above-mentioned image acquisition device, comprising:

[0011] The light source produces white light;

[0012] A narrow-band filter filters the white light to obtain three monochromatic lights: red, green, and blue.

[0013] The optical components sequentially illuminate the target to be detected with three monochromatic lights;

[0014] The black and white camera captures the target under the same resolution conditions, and obtains three black and white images corresponding to the three monochromatic lights in sequence, and acquires the pixel value information of the three black and white images.

[0015] The processor converts the pixel values ​​of three black and white images to obtain the Lab three-channel values ​​in the Lab color model; based on the obtained Lab three-channel values, a color image with the same resolution as the three black and white images is generated; and the color information corresponding to the target to be detected is extracted from the color image.

[0016] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the image acquisition device provided by the present invention includes: a light source for generating white light; a narrowband filter for filtering the white light to obtain three monochromatic lights: red, green, and blue; an optical component for sequentially illuminating the target to be detected with the three monochromatic lights; a monochrome camera for capturing the target to be detected under the same resolution conditions, sequentially obtaining three monochrome images corresponding to the three monochromatic lights, and acquiring the pixel value information of the three monochrome images; a processor for converting and processing the pixel value information of the three monochrome images to obtain the Lab three-channel values ​​in the Lab color model; generating a color image with the same resolution as the three monochrome images based on the obtained Lab three-channel values; and extracting the color information corresponding to the target to be detected from the color image.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The image acquisition device provided by this invention can acquire three primary colors of light through a white light source and a narrow-band filter. After the light is sequentially illuminated by optical components, three monochrome black and white images of equal resolution are acquired by a black and white camera. Then, the image pixel values ​​are converted into a wide-gamut Lab color model by a processor, and finally, a color image with consistent resolution is generated and the target color information is extracted. This avoids the interference of conjugate images in holographic methods and takes into account the dual advantages of a large field of view and high resolution. By expanding the dimension of color expression through the Lab color model, the identifiable information of the target under test is greatly increased, and the target color characteristics can be clearly presented, which helps to facilitate accurate observation. It is especially suitable for drug sensitivity testing scenarios, and can capture the color and quantity changes of bacteria in drug resistance experiments in real time, significantly improving detection efficiency and shortening detection time. At the same time, it eliminates complex optical components such as lenses, effectively reducing the procurement cost of finished instruments.

[0018] In addition, the present invention also provides a corresponding image acquisition method for the image acquisition device, which has the same or corresponding technical features as the image acquisition device mentioned above, and has the same effect. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the image acquisition device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a side view of an image acquisition device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a top view of the image acquisition device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 A flowchart of the image acquisition method of the image acquisition device provided in the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that, in the description of this invention, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0026] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] An embodiment of the present invention provides an image acquisition device. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the image acquisition device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the device includes:

[0028] Light source 1, used to produce white light;

[0029] Narrowband filter 2 is used to filter white light to obtain three monochromatic lights: red (R), green (G), and blue (B).

[0030] Optical components are used to sequentially illuminate the target to be detected with three monochromatic lights;

[0031] A monochrome camera is used to capture images of a target under the same resolution conditions, and to obtain three monochrome images corresponding to three different monochromatic lights, and to acquire the pixel value information of the three monochrome images.

[0032] The processor is used to convert and process the pixel value information of three black and white images to obtain the Lab three-channel values ​​in the Lab color model; based on the obtained Lab three-channel values, a color image with the same resolution as the three black and white images is generated; and the color information corresponding to the target to be detected is extracted from the color image.

[0033] It should be noted that, Figure 2 A side view of an image acquisition device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the light source 1 of this invention can be an approximately equal-energy white light source to produce approximately equal-energy white light. The approximately equal-energy white light source can achieve uniformity across the entire 400-730nm wavelength band (approximately equal energy, i.e., the energy of each wavelength is approximately equal). A spectral distribution where the light energy of each wavelength is equal throughout the entire visible light spectrum is called an equal-energy spectrum. Since an equal-energy spectrum is formed by mixing monochromatic light of various wavelengths, it exhibits a white light effect and is therefore called equal-energy white light, or simply equal-energy white light; particularly, the radiant energy is equal near the wavelengths of the three primary colors: R (700nm), G (546.1nm), and B (435.8nm). In practical applications, the light source 1 can be a light-emitting diode (LED) source to ensure sufficient spectral distribution within the visible, violet, and deep red light bands, enabling the true display of object colors. Within this region, the spectral radiant power of each wavelength is approximately equal, particularly near the wavelengths of R (700nm), G (546.1nm), and B (435.8nm).

[0034] Figure 3 This is a top view of an image acquisition device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3As shown, this invention uses a light source 1 (such as an approximately equal-energy white light source) and a narrow-band filter 2 for illumination to obtain the values ​​of the three primary colors: R (700nm), G (546.1nm), and B (435.8nm). Under RGB light illumination, three black and white images of equal resolution (such as black and white images of the bacteria being tested) are sequentially acquired using a black and white camera, yielding the values ​​of the three black and white images. These values ​​are then converted into a wide-gamut Lab color model, and finally, a color image of equal resolution (consistent with the camera resolution) is generated based on the acquired Lab values. This confirms the color information (such as the color of the bacterial strain), increasing identifiable information and facilitating application in drug sensitivity testing. The ability to acquire black and white images is also more conducive to observing changes in bacterial growth.

[0035] The aforementioned Lab color model is device-independent and boasts an extremely wide color gamut coverage. It not only fully encompasses all color gamuts of the RGB and CMYK color models but also accurately reproduces colors that the latter two cannot represent, thus preserving the color details of the target to be detected. It effectively compensates for the uneven color distribution of the RGB model, avoiding issues such as redundant blue-green transition colors and the lack of yellow between red and green, ensuring accurate color reproduction. As a standardized color difference space, it exhibits excellent color uniformity, with the geometric distance between two points in the space consistent with the color difference observed by the naked eye. This enables equidistant measurement of color quantification, providing a reliable foundation for the accurate extraction and analysis of color information of the target to be detected.

[0036] The image acquisition device of this invention is suitable for microbial drug susceptibility testing. It can acquire high-resolution, lensless color images of bacterial strains for drug susceptibility testing using the lensless shadow imaging principle. In Lab display mode, bacterial colors more realistically match the characteristics of the human eye, are independent of display performance, improve the accuracy of drug susceptibility testing, determine which bacteria a patient is resistant to, and thus improve the accuracy of treatment plans.

[0037] The image acquisition device provided in this embodiment of the invention can acquire three primary colors of light through a white light source and a narrow-band filter 2. After the light is sequentially illuminated by optical components, three monochrome black and white images of equal resolution are acquired by a black and white camera. Then, the image pixel values ​​are converted into a wide-gamut Lab color model by a processor, and finally, a color image with consistent resolution is generated by fusion and the target color information is extracted. This avoids the interference of conjugate images in holographic methods and takes into account the dual advantages of a large field of view and high resolution. By expanding the dimension of color expression through the Lab color model, the identifiable information of the target under test is greatly increased, and the target color characteristics can be clearly presented, which helps to facilitate accurate observation. It is especially suitable for drug sensitivity testing scenarios, and can capture the color and quantity changes of bacteria in drug resistance experiments in real time, significantly improving detection efficiency and shortening detection time. At the same time, it eliminates complex optical components such as lenses, effectively reducing the procurement cost of finished instruments.

[0038] Furthermore, in specific implementations, in the image acquisition device provided in the embodiments of the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, a narrowband filter 2 is disposed on a first fixing member; the narrowband filter 2 includes a first center wavelength filter, a second center wavelength filter, and a third center wavelength filter; the first center wavelength corresponds to red light, the second center wavelength corresponds to green light, and the third center wavelength corresponds to blue light; the first fixing member is provided with a movable first slot, a second slot, and a third slot; the first center wavelength filter is installed on the first slot; the second center wavelength filter is installed on the second slot; and the third center wavelength filter is installed on the third slot.

[0039] In implementation, the narrowband filter of this invention can be a high-performance narrowband filter, consisting of three filters: a first center wavelength filter corresponding to red light, a second center wavelength filter corresponding to green light, and a third center wavelength filter corresponding to blue light, each with a half-wave bandwidth of 2nm. The narrowband filter is mounted on a first fixing member, which has a first slot, a second slot, and a third slot that can automatically move parallel to each other with the control structure. The three slots respectively mount the first, second, and third center wavelength filters, ensuring precise alignment of each slot with the center position of the different center wavelength filters during movement. The different center wavelengths can be 700nm for R-light, 546.1nm for G-light, and 435.8nm for B-light. By installing three high-performance narrowband filters with different center wavelengths in dedicated slots of the first fixing component, and combining this with a control structure, the slots can be automatically moved in parallel and precisely aligned. This not only stably fixes the filters but also allows for rapid switching between red, green, and blue monochromatic light, ensuring precise wavelength and narrow bandwidth of the monochromatic light. This provides a reliable optical foundation for the color accuracy and clarity of subsequent image acquisition, and improves the automation and accuracy of the system's light control.

[0040] Furthermore, in specific implementations, in the image acquisition device provided in the embodiments of the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the optical components may include a condenser lens 3; the light source 1 is located at the focal point of the condenser lens 3; the condenser lens 3 can be used to sequentially shape the angle of the three colors of light and control the divergence angle of the light within a set range.

[0041] In implementation, the condenser lens 3 in the optical components can be either a spherical or aspherical condenser lens. Compared to spherical lenses, aspherical structures offer better control over the tilt angle of light. When the condenser lens 3 is an aspherical condenser lens, a 12.7mm × 15mm aspherical plano-convex condenser lens with a focal length EFL of 15mm and a light-transmitting aperture of 12.7mm can be used. The light source 1 is placed at the focal point of the condenser lens 3, and the distance between the light-emitting surface of the light source and the condenser lens 3 can be set to 15mm. This distance is much larger than the size of the light-emitting surface of the light source, allowing the light source 1 to be treated as a point light source. Specifically, the condenser lens 3 can sequentially shape the angles of three monochromatic lights, converting the light emitted from the light source 1 into approximately parallel light. The range for controlling the divergence angle of the light can be set to less than or equal to ±5°, effectively reducing the interference of tilted light on shadow imaging; simultaneously, the overall optical path remains concentric with the optical axis. By employing an aspherical plano-convex condenser lens with specific parameters, combined with precise alignment of the light source and the lens focal point, efficient angle shaping of light is achieved. This not only strictly controls the divergence angle of the light within a small range, significantly reducing the shadow imaging interference caused by tilted light, but also ensures the stability of the optical path through the concentric design of the optical axis, providing reliable optical conditions for the clarity and accuracy of subsequent shadow imaging. At the same time, the selection of the aspherical structure further improves the precision of light control and optimizes the system's imaging quality.

[0042] Furthermore, in specific implementations, in the image acquisition device provided in the embodiments of the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the optical components may include a reflector 4 disposed on the light propagation path after being processed by the condenser lens 3; the reflector 4 is disposed on the fine-tuning mechanism; the reflector 4 is used to deflect the light; the fine-tuning mechanism is used to fine-tune the tilt angle of the reflector 4.

[0043] In implementation, the reflector 4 in the optical components can be an elliptical reflector with an elliptical outline, a minor axis of 12.5mm, a major axis of 17.68mm, made of optical glass, with a flat reflective surface coated with ordinary aluminum film and a protective film. The reflector 4 can be positioned behind the condenser lens 3, on the light propagation path after the light has been processed by the condenser lens 3, at a set angle (e.g., 45°). In this position, the light transmission shape is circular, used to deflect the light by 90°. The reflector 4 can be mounted on a fine-tuning mechanism, which can finely adjust the tilt angle of the reflector 4 within a range of 45° ± 1°. This 90° light deflection design effectively saves space in the overall system height. By precisely matching the optical path behind the elliptical plane mirror and the condenser with specific parameters, a stable 90° turning of the light is achieved, significantly reducing the system's height space and balancing optical path compactness with reasonable light transmission. With the addition of a tilting fine-tuning mechanism, the mirror angle can be precisely calibrated to ensure the accuracy of the light propagation direction. At the same time, the selection of optical glass substrate and special coating ensures light reflection efficiency, providing stable and reliable turning conditions for subsequent optical path transmission and imaging quality.

[0044] Furthermore, in specific implementations, in the image acquisition device provided in the embodiments of the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, a monochrome camera may include a monochrome CCD sensor 5 as a photosensitive module. The target to be detected is placed on a thin film 6 near the surface of the monochrome CCD sensor 5; the thin film 6 serves as a carrier medium for the target to be detected. 7 is the area carrying the target to be detected (i.e., the sample carrying area).

[0045] In practice, the monochrome camera includes a high-resolution monochrome CCD sensor 5 as a photosensitive module. Compared to a CMOS sensor, the monochrome CCD sensor 5 has a higher signal-to-noise ratio, can still capture clear and detailed images under low light conditions, and can simultaneously process bright and dark areas in high-contrast scenes, reducing overexposure or underexposure. Its chip resolution is the key to controlling the resolution of the entire system. The higher the resolution and the more pixels, the clearer the acquired image. The system thus takes into account both a large field of view and high resolution. The resolution is consistent with the CCD pixel size, and the field of view is consistent with the CCD chip size, which is far superior to microscope objectives.

[0046] The monochrome CCD sensor 5 has its protective glass and microlens array removed. Microlens arrays are conventionally used to control the angle of the main light to fit the lens, but this invention uses a lensless shadow imaging principle, eliminating the need for a lens, thus removing them to reduce the distance between the sample and the CCD. The target to be detected is placed on a thin film 6 close to the surface of the monochrome CCD sensor 5. The thin film 6 serves as the carrier medium for the target to be detected. At this time, the distance between the sample and the CCD chip can be controlled to be less than 300μm (as low as 200μm).

[0047] In a lensless shadow imaging system, the contrast of the original image and the maximum detectable bacterial concentration are constrained by the distance between the sample and the CCD pixel array. The smaller the distance, the better it is to capture the true information of bacteria. This design achieves close-range imaging between the sample and the CCD by removing the microlens array and controlling the sample distance.

[0048] By using a high-performance monochrome CCD sensor as the photosensitive core, not only can the high signal-to-noise ratio and excellent contrast processing capabilities ensure image clarity, but the lensless design that removes the microlens array also significantly reduces the distance between the sample and the CCD. This approach combines the advantages of a large field of view and high resolution, while breaking through the dependence of traditional imaging on lenses. It can accurately capture the true information of tiny targets such as bacteria, while simplifying the optical path structure and improving detection efficiency, providing a reliable imaging foundation for accurate observation in scenarios such as drug sensitivity testing.

[0049] Furthermore, in specific implementations, in the image acquisition device provided in the embodiments of the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, film 6 can be a roll of disposable transparent film; rollers are provided on both sides of film 6. Film 6 is replaced by rollers driven by a motor.

[0050] In implementation, film 6 can be in roll form and is a disposable transparent film with a thickness of less than 30μm, colorless and transparent with a light transmittance of over 95%. Film 6 serves as the carrier medium for the target to be detected. With its ultra-thin and high light transmittance characteristics, it is suitable for close-range CCD imaging without protective glass, ensuring image clarity.

[0051] Rollers can be fitted on both sides of the membrane 6, and the rollers are driven by a motor to achieve automated movement and replacement with a fixed step length. After each sample test is completed, the motor moves the membrane 6 a certain distance, switching the unused area to the detection position, avoiding reuse of the same area, and ensuring that each sample corresponds to a completely new area of ​​the membrane 6. In addition, the membrane 6 can undergo tissue culture-treated (TC) hydrophilic treatment. When detecting bacteria, the sample is dropped onto its surface, which facilitates the growth of adherent bacteria and long-term observation. This motor-driven automated replacement mechanism achieves precise switching of sample detection areas, avoids cross-contamination, and the TC hydrophilic treatment adapts to the needs of bacterial culture and observation, greatly improving detection efficiency and reliability, and reducing manual operation costs.

[0052] In other embodiments of the present invention, the carrier medium of the target to be detected can be replaced by a thin film or a centrifugal microfluidic chip. The reaction cell area of ​​the centrifugal microfluidic chip rotates sequentially above the detection area of ​​the black and white CCD sensor 5, thereby realizing the detection of the substance to be tested in the reaction cell.

[0053] Furthermore, in a specific implementation, in the image acquisition device provided in the embodiments of the present invention, the light source 1, the narrowband filter 2, and the optical components are disposed in a sleeve.

[0054] In implementation, the light source 1, narrowband filter 2, condenser lens 3, and reflector 4 can be fixed within a sleeve at certain distances from top to bottom. The narrowband filter 2 and monochrome CCD sensor 5 can be fixed on the mounting device. The mounting device mainly includes a light source fixing structure, a filter fixing slot and sliding structure, a CCD camera fixing device, an optical lens fixing structure, and a reflector fixing structure, thus fixing all components in the optical path to the light source according to the designed distances.

[0055] Furthermore, in a specific implementation, the image acquisition device provided in the embodiments of the present invention may further include: a spectrometer, which can be used to measure the radiant power of three monochromatic lights reaching the surface of the black and white CCD sensor 5. After fine-tuning the power of the light source 1 or the distance between each device, an optimal point is found to minimize the deviation in radiant power of the three monochromatic lights reaching the surface of the black and white CCD sensor 5. The spectrometer is removed after the optimal point is found; after the spectrometer is removed, the black and white camera (i.e., the black and white CCD sensor 5) takes an image.

[0056] In implementation, the spectrometer measures the radiant power of three monochromatic lights after passing through filters and reaching the surface of the monochrome CCD sensor 5. By fine-tuning the power of the light source 1 or the distance between various components, the optimal point is found to minimize the deviation in radiant power of the three monochromatic lights reaching the surface of the monochrome CCD sensor 5. During the measurement process, the spectrometer detects and records the CCD numerical deviation reflected by the difference in radiant power under the three primary color filters. This data deviation is then imported into the system to avoid the influence of non-equivalent energy light. After determining the optimal point, the spectrometer is removed. After removal, the monochrome camera sequentially photographs the target under RGB light illumination to obtain the corresponding image values. The precise measurement and adjustment of the spectrometer, by minimizing the radiant power deviation of the three monochromatic lights, effectively eliminates the interference of non-equivalent energy light on imaging, laying the foundation for the monochrome camera to acquire accurate RGB image values. Its detachable design ensures the accuracy of the calibration stage while avoiding interference with the imaging process, significantly improving the accuracy of system color reproduction and the reliability of image data.

[0057] Furthermore, in a specific implementation, in the image acquisition device provided in the embodiments of the present invention, the processor is used to calculate and obtain machine deviation, perform deviation correction on each pixel of each black and white image according to the machine deviation, and obtain the final numerical information of each pixel of the three black and white images; convert the final numerical information of each pixel of the three black and white images into XYZ values, calculate the Lab three-channel values ​​in the Lab color model corresponding to each pixel according to the XYZ values; and fuse the three black and white images into a color image with the same resolution as the three black and white images according to the obtained Lab three-channel values ​​corresponding to each pixel.

[0058] In implementation, the processor can first calculate and obtain the machine bias: when illuminated by R-light, G-light, and B-light respectively, the pixel values ​​of the image recorded by the black and white camera are recorded as follows: , , ;at this time, , , These represent the average values ​​of all pixels when illuminated by the three primary colors of light. For example, when the pixel size is 1.4μm, the chip size is 1 / 1.8 inch, and the resolution is 5120×3840, then... , , These represent the average RGB values ​​of a 20M pixel under illumination with the three primary colors of light, and , , They are approximately equal. To reduce machine deviation, the following is calculated: , , mean To further reduce the deviation, the mean was calculated, and the following methods were used respectively. , , Determine machine deviation ,Right now ; ; ; .

[0059] In actual testing, the control motor ensures a clean film adheres tightly to the surface of the black-and-white CCD sensor 5. A sample is dropped onto the sensor and allowed to settle until it flattens. The camera then takes three images under different filters, acquiring pixel data from each of the three images. The processor then processes the aforementioned machine biases. Import three images with different filters, and perform deviation correction on each pixel by adding the deviation value to the corresponding pixel value to obtain the final RGB value. Then, convert the RGB value of each pixel to XYZ value using the following conversion formula, and then calculate the corresponding L, a, and b channel values ​​in the Lab color model. The conversion formula is as follows:

[0060] ;

[0061] ;

[0062] ;

[0063] Where L, a, and b are the three channel values ​​of the Lab color space, X, Y, and Z are the values ​​after RGB conversion, and Xn=95.047, Yn=100.0, and Zn=108.883 are the default parameters. The function is a nonlinear, gamma-corrected function used to convert linear light intensity into perceived brightness. Xn, Yn, and Zn are the tristimulus values ​​of a CIE standard illuminator illuminating a perfectly diffuse reflector and then reflecting to the observer's eye. Finally, based on the Lab three-channel values ​​of the pixels, the three black and white images are fused into a high-resolution color image with the same resolution as the original black and white image.

[0064] The processor significantly reduces imaging deviations caused by system hardware differences through mean calculation and machine bias correction. Combined with precise conversion from RGB to Lab color space, it retains the advantages of a wide color gamut while ensuring the accuracy of color reproduction. The resulting high-resolution color image can fully present the details and color features of the target to be detected, significantly improving the clarity and reliability of target recognition and providing high-quality data support for subsequent analysis.

[0065] It should be noted that this invention uses an approximately equal-energy white light source (with approximately equal radiant power at each wavelength in the spectrum). After passing through a filter, under this light source, the radiant power at the three primary color wavelengths (R light 700nm, G light 546.1nm, B light 435.8nm) is equal. At this point, the RGB values ​​obtained are the standard tristimulus values ​​under the CIE 1931 RGB color model. A monochrome CCD sensor directly receives these tristimulus values ​​and converts them into grayscale values ​​displayed by the camera. The grayscale values ​​should be equal at this point, but due to the camera's photoelectric conversion or other external factors, the RGB values ​​are likely not equal. The purpose of the subsequent calibration method is to reduce the difference in grayscale values ​​between the three images. This invention can directly integrate the three values ​​without using a series of algorithms such as white balance and gain. That is, the grayscale value under the red filter is considered R, the grayscale value under the green filter is considered G, and the grayscale value under the blue filter is considered B.

[0066] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present invention also provide an image acquisition method for the above-described image acquisition device. Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the image acquisition method of the image acquisition device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0067] S401, The light source produces white light.

[0068] In practice, first, the power is turned on, which illuminates a near-equal-energy white light source. Then, the distances between the various components are adjusted, especially the tilt angle of the reflectors is fine-tuned, to ensure that the area to be tested covers the CCD display area.

[0069] S402, a narrowband filter filters white light to obtain three monochromatic lights: red, green, and blue.

[0070] During implementation, the slot is automatically pulled to align the center of the light source with the center of the filter, placing the 700nm R-light, 546.1nm G-light, and 435.8nm B-light filters in front of the light source. A spectrometer is used to measure the radiant power of the RGB rays passing through the filters and reaching the CCD surface. The light source power or the distance between components is fine-tuned to find the optimal point where the deviation in RGB radiant power at the CCD surface is minimized. The spectrometer is then removed.

[0071] S403, the optical components sequentially illuminate the target to be detected with three monochromatic lights.

[0072] The S404 monochrome camera captures images of the target under the same resolution, obtaining three monochrome images corresponding to the three monochromatic lights, and acquiring the pixel value information of the three monochrome images.

[0073] S405. The processor converts the pixel values ​​of the three black and white images to obtain the Lab three-channel values ​​in the Lab color model; based on the obtained Lab three-channel values, a color image with the same resolution as the three black and white images is generated; the color information corresponding to the target to be detected is extracted from the color image.

[0074] In the image acquisition method provided in this embodiment of the invention, three primary colors of light can be obtained by using a white light source and a narrow-band filter. After the target to be detected is illuminated sequentially by optical components, three monochrome black and white images of equal resolution are acquired by a black and white camera. Then, the image pixel values ​​are converted into a wide color gamut Lab color model by a processor, and finally fused to generate a color image with consistent resolution and extract the target color information. In this way, by using the lensless shadow imaging principle, the interference of conjugate images in the holographic method is avoided, while taking into account the dual advantages of a large field of view and high resolution. By expanding the dimension of color expression through the Lab color model, the identifiable information of the target to be detected is greatly increased, and the target color characteristics can be clearly presented, which helps to accurately observe. It is especially suitable for drug sensitivity detection scenarios, and can capture the color and quantity changes of bacteria in drug resistance experiments in real time, significantly improving detection efficiency and shortening detection time. At the same time, it eliminates complex optical components such as lenses, effectively reducing the procurement cost of finished instruments.

[0075] Since the embodiments of the image acquisition method and the embodiments of the image acquisition device correspond to each other, the description of the features in the embodiment corresponding to the image acquisition method can be found in the relevant description of the embodiment corresponding to the image acquisition device, and will not be repeated here. Furthermore, it has the same beneficial effects as the image acquisition device mentioned above.

[0076] Furthermore, in a specific implementation, in the image acquisition method provided in the embodiments of the present invention, step S403, in which the optical component sequentially illuminates the target to be detected with three monochromatic lights, may specifically include: using a condenser lens to sequentially shape the angle of the three colors of light to control the divergence angle of the light within a set range; and using a reflector to deflect the light so as to illuminate the target to be detected.

[0077] Furthermore, in a specific implementation, in the image acquisition method provided in the embodiments of the present invention, step S405 involves the processor converting the pixel value information of three black and white images to obtain the Lab three-channel values ​​in the Lab color model; based on the obtained Lab three-channel values, a color image with the same resolution as the three black and white images is generated. Specifically, this may include: the processor calculating and obtaining machine bias, correcting the bias of each pixel in each black and white image based on the machine bias, and obtaining the final value information of each pixel in the three black and white images; converting the final value information of each pixel in the three black and white images into XYZ values, calculating the Lab three-channel values ​​in the Lab color model corresponding to each pixel based on the XYZ values; and fusing the three black and white images into a color image with the same resolution as the three black and white images based on the obtained Lab three-channel values ​​corresponding to each pixel.

[0078] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0079] The image acquisition device and method provided by the present invention have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only intended to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An image acquisition device, characterized in that, include: A light source used to produce white light; A narrowband filter is used to filter the white light to obtain three monochromatic lights: red, green, and blue. Optical components are used to sequentially illuminate the target to be detected with three monochromatic lights; A monochrome camera is used to capture the target to be detected under the same resolution conditions, and sequentially obtain three monochrome images corresponding to three monochromatic lights, and acquire the pixel value information of the three monochrome images. The processor is used to convert and process the pixel value information of three black and white images to obtain the Lab three-channel values ​​in the Lab color model; based on the obtained Lab three-channel values, a color image with the same resolution as the three black and white images is generated; and the color information corresponding to the target to be detected is extracted from the color image.

2. The image acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The narrowband filter is disposed on the first fixing member; the narrowband filter includes a first center wavelength filter, a second center wavelength filter and a third center wavelength filter; the first center wavelength corresponds to red light, the second center wavelength corresponds to green light and the third center wavelength corresponds to blue light; The first fastener is provided with a movable first slot, a second slot, and a third slot; The first center wavelength filter is installed in the first slot; the second center wavelength filter is installed in the second slot; and the third center wavelength filter is installed in the third slot.

3. The image acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical component includes a condenser lens; the light source is located at the focal point of the condenser lens; The condenser lens is used to sequentially shape the angles of the three colors of light, controlling the divergence angle of the light within a set range.

4. The image acquisition device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The optical component includes a reflector disposed on the light propagation path after being processed by the condenser lens; the reflector is disposed on the fine-tuning mechanism; The reflector is used to deflect light. The fine-tuning mechanism is used to fine-tune the tilt angle of the reflector.

5. The image acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monochrome camera includes a monochrome CCD sensor as a photosensitive module; The target to be detected is placed on a thin film close to the surface of the black and white CCD sensor; the thin film serves as the carrier medium for the target to be detected.

6. The image acquisition device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The film is a roll-type disposable transparent film; rollers are provided on both sides of the film; The film is replaced by a roller driven by a motor.

7. The image acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light source, the narrowband filter, and the optical components are housed within a sleeve.

8. The image acquisition device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: A spectrometer is used to measure the radiant power of three monochromatic lights reaching the surface of the black and white CCD sensor. After fine-tuning the power of the light source or the distance between each device, the optimal point is found so that the deviation of the radiant power of the three monochromatic lights reaching the surface of the black and white CCD sensor is minimized. The spectrometer is removed after the optimal point is found; after the spectrometer is removed, the black and white camera takes pictures.

9. The image acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processor is used to calculate and obtain machine bias, and to perform bias correction on each pixel of each black and white image based on the machine bias, so as to obtain the final numerical information of each pixel of the three black and white images. The final numerical information of each pixel in the three black and white images is converted into XYZ values. Based on the XYZ values, the Lab three-channel values ​​in the Lab color model corresponding to each pixel are calculated. Based on the obtained Lab three-channel values ​​corresponding to each pixel, the three black and white images are merged into a color image with the same resolution as the three black and white images.

10. An image acquisition method using the image acquisition device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, include: The light source produces white light; A narrow-band filter filters the white light to obtain three monochromatic lights: red, green, and blue. The optical components sequentially illuminate the target to be detected with three monochromatic lights; The black and white camera captures the target under the same resolution conditions, and obtains three black and white images corresponding to the three monochromatic lights in sequence, and acquires the pixel value information of the three black and white images. The processor converts the pixel values ​​of three black and white images to obtain the Lab three-channel values ​​in the Lab color model; based on the obtained Lab three-channel values, a color image with the same resolution as the three black and white images is generated; and the color information corresponding to the target to be detected is extracted from the color image.

Images