Method and apparatus for receiving PEI of terminal having wake-up receiver in wireless communication system

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a 5G or 6G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate. More specifically, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a method performed by a terminal in a wireless communication system may comprise the steps of: receiving a wake-up signal (WUS) indicating a first subset of a plurality of terminals from a base station; receiving, from the base station, a paging advance indication (PEI) indicating a second subset of a plurality of terminals; and if the terminal is included in the first subgroup and the second subgroup, receiving paging from the base station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for a user equipment (UE) with a wake-up receiver in a wireless communication system to receive a paging advance indication (PEI). More specifically, this disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for a UE with a wake-up receiver in a wireless communication system to receive PEI, in order to solve the problem of excessive power consumption of the UE and achieve high energy efficiency. Background Technology

[0002] Fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication technology defines wide frequency bands to enable high-speed transmission rates and new services. This can be achieved not only in sub-6 GHz bands such as 3.5 GHz (“Sub 6 GHz”), but also in above-6 GHz bands known as millimeter waves (mmWave), including 28 GHz and 39 GHz. Furthermore, sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication technology (referred to as "super 5G systems") is being considered in terahertz (THz) bands (e.g., 95 GHz to 3 THz) to achieve transmission rates 50 times faster and latency 1 / 10th that of 5G mobile communication technology.

[0003] In the early stages of 5G mobile communication technology development, to support services related to enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), and massive machine-type communication (mMTC) and meet performance requirements, relevant standardization work has been carried out. This work involves: beamforming and massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) for mitigating path loss and increasing radio wave propagation distance in the millimeter-wave band; support for multiple parameter sets (e.g., operating multiple subcarrier spacing) for efficient utilization of millimeter-wave band resources and dynamic operation of time slot formats; initial access technologies for supporting multi-beam transmission and broadband; definition and operation of bandwidth portion (BWP); new channel coding methods (e.g., low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes for high-capacity data transmission and polar codes for highly reliable transmission of control information); L2 preprocessing; and network slicing for providing dedicated networks for specific services.

[0004] Currently, considering the services that 5G mobile communication technology is intended to support, discussions are underway regarding improvements and enhancements to the initial 5G mobile communication technology, and physical layer standardization work is also progressing. The technologies involved include: vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks that assist autonomous vehicles in making driving decisions and improve user convenience based on vehicle-transmitted location and status information; New Radio Unlicensed Bands (NR-U) designed to meet various regulatory requirements for unlicensed frequency bands; NR UE power saving technology; UE-satellite direct communication technology (non-terrestrial network (NTN)) that provides coverage for areas that cannot communicate with terrestrial networks; and positioning technology.

[0005] In addition, standardization efforts are underway in the air interface architecture / protocol standardization area for the following technologies: Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) to support new services through integration with other industries; Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) to provide nodes for extended network service areas by integrating wireless backhaul and access links; Mobility enhancements including conditional handover and Dual Active Protocol Stack (DAPS) handover; and Two-Step Random Access (RACH) for simplifying random access procedures. Meanwhile, standardization efforts in the system architecture / service domain are also ongoing, involving: 5G baseline architectures (e.g., service-based architectures or service-based interfaces) for combining Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) and Software-Defined Networking (SDN) technologies, and Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) based on UE location reception services.

[0006] With the commercialization of such 5G mobile communication systems, the explosive growth of interconnected devices will access communication networks. Therefore, enhancing the functionality and performance of 5G mobile communication systems and the integrated operation of interconnected devices will become essential. To this end, new research will be conducted in the following areas: Extended Reality (XR) for efficient support of Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), Mixed Reality (MR), etc.; leveraging Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) to improve 5G performance and reduce complexity; AI service support; Metaverse service support; and drone communication.

[0007] Furthermore, the development of 5G mobile communication systems can lay the foundation for the development of technologies such as: novel waveforms for providing coverage in the terahertz band of 6G mobile communication technology; multi-antenna transmission technologies such as full-dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antennas, and massive MIMO; metamaterial-based lenses and antennas for improving terahertz band signal coverage; high-dimensional spatial multiplexing technologies utilizing orbital angular momentum (OAM); and reconfigurable smart surfaces (RIS); as well as the development of technologies such as: full-duplex technologies for improving the frequency efficiency of 6G mobile communication technology and improving system networks; AI-based communication technologies that utilize satellites and AI from the design stage to achieve system optimization and incorporate end-to-end AI support; and next-generation distributed computing technologies that utilize ultra-high-performance communication and computing resources to achieve services with complexity exceeding the limits of terminal operation capabilities.

[0008] As mentioned above, with the evolution of wireless communication systems, in order to solve the problem of excessive power consumption of terminals and achieve high energy efficiency, there is an urgent need for solutions related to signal transmission of terminals equipped with wake-up receivers. Summary of the Invention

[0009] [Technical Issues]

[0010] This disclosure relates to wireless communication systems, and more specifically, to the operation of terminals and base stations within wireless communication systems. According to various embodiments, this disclosure aims to provide an apparatus and method capable of effectively providing services in a wireless communication system.

[0011] [Technical Solution]

[0012] According to various embodiments of this disclosure, a method performed by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system may include: receiving a wake-up signal (WUS) from a base station indicating a first subgroup of a plurality of UEs; receiving a PEI indicating a second subgroup of a plurality of UEs from the base station if paging advance indication (PEI) monitoring is activated; and receiving a paging from the base station, wherein the UEs are included in the first subgroup or the second subgroup.

[0013] [Beneficial Effects]

[0014] This disclosure provides an apparatus and method for effectively providing services in a wireless communication system.

[0015] The beneficial effects that can be obtained from this disclosure are not limited to those mentioned above, and those skilled in the art can clearly understand other unmentioned effects through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 The basic structure of the time-frequency resource domain in a wireless communication system according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0017] Figure 2 The beam scanning operation and time-domain mapping structure of the synchronization signal according to various embodiments of the present disclosure are shown.

[0018] Figure 3 The signaling flow for performing random access (RA) is illustrated according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 4 The signal flow of a UE reporting UE capability information to a base station according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0020] Figure 5 Examples of state transitions of a base station and a UE according to various embodiments of the present disclosure, and UE states according to base station states, are shown.

[0021] Figure 6 Examples of group differentiation schemes for a UE with a wake-up receiver according to various embodiments of the present disclosure are shown.

[0022] Figure 7 Another example of a group differentiation scheme for a UE with a wake-up receiver according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0023] Figure 8 Examples of schemes for a UE with a wake-up receiver to receive a paging advance indication (PEI) according to various embodiments of the present disclosure are shown.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of a UE with a wake-up receiver receiving a PEI according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a flowchart of the operation of a base station transmitting PEI according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 11 The functional structure of a UE according to various embodiments of this disclosure is shown.

[0027] Figure 12 The functional structure of a base station according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The exemplary embodiments of this disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, wherever possible, the same or similar reference numerals are used to denote the same or similar elements in the drawings. Furthermore, detailed descriptions of known functions or configurations that might obscure the subject matter of this disclosure will be omitted.

[0029] In describing embodiments of this disclosure, descriptions of technical content that is not directly related to this disclosure and is well-known in the art will be omitted. Unnecessary descriptions are omitted to avoid obscuring the main points of this disclosure and to more clearly convey the main points.

[0030] For the same reason, some elements may be exaggerated, omitted, or shown schematically in the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, the dimensions of each element do not perfectly reflect its actual size. In the various drawings, identical or corresponding elements will be given the same reference numerals.

[0031] The advantages, features, and implementation methods of this disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description of embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the following embodiments and can be implemented in many different forms. The following embodiments are only intended to fully disclose this disclosure and inform those skilled in the art of its scope, which is defined solely by the appended claims. Throughout this specification, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements.

[0032] It should be understood that each block in a flowchart, and combinations of blocks in a flowchart, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that these instructions, executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart blocks. These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-usable or computer-readable storage medium that can direct the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to operate in a particular manner, such that these instructions stored in the computer-usable or computer-readable storage medium generate an article of writing including instruction means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart blocks. The computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operations to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process, such that the instructions, executed on the computer or other programmable apparatus, provide operations for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart blocks.

[0033] Furthermore, each block in a flowchart can represent a code module, code segment, or code section, which contains one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in a block may not occur in the order shown. For example, two blocks shown consecutively may actually execute substantially simultaneously, or depending on the functions involved, the blocks may sometimes execute in reverse order.

[0034] As used in embodiments of this disclosure, the term "unit" refers to a software element or hardware element (e.g., a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)) that performs a specific function. However, a "unit" is not limited to software or hardware. A "unit" may be configured to be stored in addressable storage media or to execute one or more processors. Thus, a "unit" includes, for example, software elements, object-oriented software elements, class elements or task elements, procedures, functions, attributes, processes, subroutines, program code segments, drivers, firmware, microcode, circuits, data, databases, data structures, tables, arrays, and parameters. The elements and functions provided by a "unit" may be combined into fewer elements or "units," or divided into more elements or "units." Furthermore, elements and "units" may be implemented to reproduce one or more central processing units (CPUs) within a device or secure multimedia card. Additionally, a "unit" in the embodiments may include one or more processors.

[0035] In describing this disclosure, detailed descriptions of known functions or configurations incorporated herein may obscure the subject matter of this disclosure, such descriptions will be omitted. Various embodiments of this disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] In the following description, terms used to identify access nodes, to refer to network entities, to refer to messages, to refer to interfaces between network entities, and to refer to various identifying information are used exemplarily for ease of description. Therefore, this disclosure is not limited to the terminology described below, and other terms referring to objects with equivalent technical meanings may also be used.

[0037] In the following description, the terms “physical channel” and “signal” may be used interchangeably with the terms “data” or “control signal.” For example, the term “physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH)” refers to the physical channel through which data is transmitted, but PDSCH can also be used to refer to “data.” That is, as used herein, the expression “transmitting through the physical channel” can be interpreted as having the same meaning as the expression “transmitting data or signals through the physical channel.”

[0038] In the following description of this disclosure, upper-layer signaling refers to the signal transmission scheme from the base station to the terminal via the downlink data channel of the physical layer, or the signal transmission scheme from the terminal to the base station via the uplink data channel of the physical layer. Upper-layer signaling may also be understood as Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling or Media Access Control (MAC) control element (CE).

[0039] Furthermore, various embodiments of this disclosure will be described using terminology used in some communication standards (such as the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)), but these are for illustrative purposes only. Various embodiments of this disclosure can also be easily applied to other communication systems with modifications. Additionally, the term "terminal" can refer not only to cellular phones, smartphones, IoT devices, and sensors, but also to other wireless communication devices.

[0040] In the following description, a base station is an entity that allocates resources to terminals and may include at least one of a g-Node B (gNB), an evolved Node B (eNB), a Node B, a base station (BS), a radio access unit, a base station controller, and nodes on a network. Terminals may include user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), cellular phone, smartphone, computer, or multimedia system capable of performing communication functions. Of course, examples of base stations and terminals are not limited to those mentioned above. Furthermore, in the description of the various embodiments below, systems based on Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), or NR may be described as examples, but the various embodiments of this disclosure can also be applied to other communication systems with similar technical backgrounds or channel types. Moreover, based on the judgment of those skilled in the art, this disclosure can be applied to other communication systems with some modifications without significantly departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0041] To handle the recent exponential growth in mobile data traffic, initial standards for New Radio (NR) access technologies, or fifth-generation (5G) systems, have been completed for next-generation communication systems following Long Term Evolution (LTE) (or Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) (or Evolution of E-UTRA). While traditional mobile communication systems focus on traditional voice / data communications, 5G systems are designed to meet a variety of services and requirements, such as Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) services to improve traditional voice / data communications, Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC) services, and Massive Machine-Type Communication (mMTC) services to support massive machine-to-machine communication.

[0042] Traditional LTE and LTE-A single-carrier systems are limited to a maximum transmission bandwidth of 20MHz, but 5G systems aim to provide ultra-high-speed data services of up to several gigabits per second (Gbps) by using much wider bandwidths. Therefore, 5G systems consider ultra-high frequency bands, ranging from several gigahertz (GHz) to a maximum of 100GHz, where ultra-wide bandwidth frequencies are relatively readily available. Furthermore, wide bandwidth frequencies can be obtained for 5G systems through frequency rearrangement or allocation among frequency bands ranging from several hundred megahertz (MHz) to several gigahertz (GHz) used in conventional mobile communication systems.

[0043] Ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio waves have wavelengths in the millimeter range, hence they are also called millimeter waves (mmWave). However, the path loss of UHF radio waves increases proportionally with the frequency band, thus reducing the coverage area of ​​mobile communication systems.

[0044] To overcome the reduced coverage of the UHF band, beamforming technology is employed. This technology concentrates the energy of radio wave radiation at a specific target point using multiple antennas, thereby increasing the transmission distance. In other words, signals using beamforming have a narrower beamwidth, and the radiated energy is concentrated within this narrower beamwidth, thus increasing the transmission distance. Beamforming technology can be applied to both the transmitting and receiving ends. Besides increased coverage, another advantage of beamforming is reduced interference in areas outside the beamforming direction. Proper operation of beamforming requires a method for accurately measuring the transmitted / received beam and sending feedback. Beamforming can be applied to the one-to-one control or data channel between the UE and the base station. Furthermore, beamforming can be applied to control and data channels used to transmit common signals (such as synchronization signals, physical broadcast channel (PBCH), and system information) from the base station to multiple UEs in the system, further increasing coverage. When beamforming is applied to common signals, additional beam scanning technology is used, causing the signal to be transmitted after changing the beam direction, ensuring that the common signal reaches a UE located at a specific point within the cell.

[0045] Another requirement for 5G systems is ultra-low latency service, aiming for a transmission latency of approximately 1 millisecond (ms) between the transmitter and receiver. To reduce this latency, a frame structure design based on a shorter Transmission Time Interval (TTI) than LTE and LTE-A is needed. TTI is the basic time unit for scheduling; the TTI for traditional LTE and LTE-A is 1ms, corresponding to the length of a subframe. For example, the short TTIs used by 5G systems to meet ultra-low latency service requirements could be 0.5ms, 0.25ms, 0.125ms, etc., which are shorter than those of traditional LTE and LTE-A.

[0046] Figure 1 The basic structure of the time-frequency resource domain in a wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. More specifically, Figure 1 This illustrates the basic structure of the time-frequency resource domain, which serves as a radio resource domain for transmitting data or control channels in a 5G system.

[0047] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The horizontal axis represents the time domain, and the vertical axis represents the frequency domain. The smallest transmission unit in the time domain of a 5G system is an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, a group of... One symbol 102 can form a time slot 106, a group of One time slot can constitute a subframe 105. The length of a subframe can be 1.0 ms, and a group of ten subframes can constitute a 10 ms frame 114. The smallest transmission unit in the frequency domain is a subcarrier, with a total of N BWEach subcarrier 104 can constitute the transmission bandwidth of the entire system.

[0048] The basic unit of resources in the time-frequency domain is the resource element (RE)¹¹², which can be represented by OFDM symbol indexing and subcarrier indexing. Resource blocks (RBs) or physical resource blocks (PRBs) can be formed from consecutive elements in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers is defined as 110. In 5G systems, = 12, the data rate can increase proportionally to the number of RBs scheduled for the UE.

[0049] In wireless communication systems, base stations can map data at the RB level and typically schedule RBs that constitute a time slot for a specific UE. That is, in 5G systems, the basic time unit for scheduling can be a time slot, and the basic frequency unit for scheduling can be an RB.

[0050] Number of OFDM symbols It is determined based on the length of the cyclic prefix (CP) added to each symbol to prevent inter-symbol interference. For example, if a normal CP is applied, then... = 14, if extended CP is applied, then = 12. Extended CP is used in systems where the radio wave transmission distance is longer than that of normal CP, thus maintaining inter-symbol orthogonality. With normal CP, the ratio between the CP length and the symbol length remains constant, ensuring that the overhead caused by CP remains constant regardless of the subcarrier spacing. That is, if the subcarrier spacing decreases, the symbol length may increase, thus increasing the CP length. Conversely, if the subcarrier spacing increases, the symbol length may decrease, thus decreasing the CP length. The symbol length and CP length can be inversely proportional to the subcarrier spacing.

[0051] To meet the various services and requirements of wireless communication systems, different frame structures can be supported by adjusting the subcarrier spacing. For example, in terms of operating frequency band, a larger subcarrier spacing is more conducive to phase noise recovery in high-frequency bands. In terms of transmission time, a larger subcarrier spacing results in a smaller symbol length in the time domain, thus the resulting smaller slot length is more advantageous for supporting ultra-low latency services such as Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC). In terms of cell size, a larger CP length allows for larger supported cells, meaning a smaller subcarrier spacing allows for larger supported cells. The term "cell" refers to the concept of the area covered by a base station in relation to mobile communication.

[0052] Subcarrier spacing, CP length, and other information are essential for OFDM transmission / reception. The base station and UE need to recognize the subcarrier spacing, CP length, and other information as common values ​​in order to achieve efficient transmission / reception.

[0053] Table 1 below describes the subcarrier spacing configurations supported in 5G systems ( μ ), subcarrier spacing ( Δf The relationship between ) and CP length.

[0054] Table 1

[0055] Table 2 below lists the configuration of each subcarrier spacing under normal CP conditions ( μ The number of symbols per time slot () ), number of time slots per frame ( ) and the number of time slots per subframe ( ).

[0056] Table 2

[0057] Table 3 below lists the configuration of each subcarrier spacing in the extended CP scenario ( μ The number of symbols per time slot () ), number of time slots per frame ( ) and the number of time slots per subframe ( ).

[0058] Table 3

[0059] In the initial stages of 5G system introduction, it is expected to coexist or operate in dual mode with traditional LTE and / or LTE-A (hereinafter referred to as LTE / LTE-A). Therefore, traditional LTE / LTE-A can provide stable system operation to the UE, while the 5G system can provide improved services to the UE. Consequently, the frame structure of the 5G system needs to include at least the frame structure or basic parameter set of LTE / LTE-A (subcarrier spacing = 15kHz).

[0060] For example, a comparison of a frame structure with a subcarrier spacing configuration of μ=0 (hereinafter referred to as frame structure A) and a frame structure with a subcarrier spacing configuration of μ=1 (hereinafter referred to as frame structure B) shows that, compared with frame structure A, frame structure B doubles the subcarrier spacing and RB size, and halves the slot length and symbol length. In the case of frame structure B, two slots can constitute a subframe, and 20 subframes can constitute a frame.

[0061] To standardize the frame structure of 5G systems, the necessary parameter sets constituting each frame structure, such as subcarrier spacing, CP length, and time slot length, are interconnected and correspond to each other as integer multiples, thereby providing high scalability. Furthermore, a subframe with a fixed length of 1ms can be defined to represent a reference time unit independent of the frame structure.

[0062] Frame structures can be applied to various scenarios. Regarding cell size, a larger CP length allows for the support of larger cells, meaning frame structure A can support larger cells than frame structure B. Regarding operating frequency bands, a larger subcarrier spacing is more beneficial for phase noise recovery in high-frequency bands. Therefore, frame structure B can support higher operating frequencies than frame structure A. Regarding service, a smaller timeslot length (the basic time unit for scheduling) is more advantageous for supporting ultra-low latency services such as URLLC, meaning frame structure B may be more suitable for URLLC services than frame structure A.

[0063] As used in the following description of this disclosure, an uplink may refer to a radio link through which a UE transmits data or control signals to a base station, and a downlink may refer to a radio link through which a base station transmits data or control signals to a UE.

[0064] During the initial access operation of the UE initially accessing the system, the UE can perform downlink time-domain and frequency-domain synchronization and obtain the cell identifier (ID) from the synchronization signal sent by the base station through cell search. The UE can use the obtained cell ID to receive the Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) and obtain the Master Information Block (MIB) as necessary system information from the PBCH. In addition, the UE can receive system information (System Information Block (SIB)) sent by the base station to obtain control information related to cell common transmission and reception. The control information related to cell common transmission and reception may include control information related to random access (RA), control information related to paging, and common control information for various physical channels, etc.

[0065] Synchronization signals are used as a reference for cell search. For each frequency band, subcarrier spacing can be adaptively applied to channel conditions such as phase noise. For data or control channels, subcarrier spacing can be adaptively applied according to the service type to support the various services described above.

[0066] Figure 2 The beam scanning operation and time-domain mapping structure of the synchronization signal according to various embodiments of the present disclosure are shown.

[0067] For the purpose of description, the following elements can be predefined.

[0068] - Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS): The PSS is a signal used as a time / frequency synchronization reference for the DL and provides part of the cell ID information.

[0069] - Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS): The SSS can be used as a time / frequency synchronization reference for the DL and provides another part of the cell ID information. Additionally, the SSS can be used as a PBCH demodulation reference signal for the PBCH.

[0070] - Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH): The PBCH provides the Master Information Block (MIB) containing the necessary system information required for the transmission and reception of data and control channels as a terminal. This necessary system information may include search space-related control information indicating radio resource mapping information for the control channel, scheduling control information for separate data channels used for the transmission of system information, the System Frame Number (SFN) as an index for the frame unit used as a timing reference, and other information.

[0071] - Synchronization Signal / PBCH Block (SS / PBCH Block) or SSB: An SS / PBCH block can be configured with N OFDM symbols and may include combinations of PSS, SSS, PBCH, etc. For systems using beam scanning technology, the SS / PBCH block can be the smallest unit for beam scanning. In 5G systems, N=4 can be satisfied. The base station can send up to L SS / PBCH blocks, and L SS / PBCH blocks can be mapped within a half-frame (0.5ms). The L SS / PBCH blocks can be repeated periodically for a predetermined period P. The base station can notify the UE of the period P via signaling. If there is no separate period P signaling, the UE can apply the previously agreed default values.

[0072] Figure 2 An example of applying beam scanning in time units of SS / PBCH blocks is shown. Figure 2 In the example, UE1 205 can receive the SS / PBCH block at time t1 201 by beamforming applied to SS / PBCH block #0, using the beam transmitted in direction #d0 203. Similarly, UE2 206 can receive the SS / PBCH block at time t2 202 by beamforming applied to SS / PBCH block #4, using the beam transmitted in direction #d4 204. The UE can obtain the optimal synchronization signal from the base station (gNB) using the beam transmitted in the direction of the UE. For example, UE1 205 might have difficulty obtaining time / frequency synchronization and necessary system information from the SS / PBCH block using the beam transmitted in direction #d4, which is far from UE1's location.

[0073] In addition to the initial access procedure, the UE may also receive SS / PBCH blocks to determine whether the radio link quality of the current cell remains at a specific level or higher. Furthermore, during the handover process where the UE moves access from the current cell to a neighboring cell, the UE may receive SS / PBCH blocks from the neighboring cell to determine the radio link quality of the neighboring cell and obtain time / frequency synchronization with the neighboring cell.

[0074] After obtaining the MIB and system information from the base station through the initial access procedure, the UE can execute a random access procedure to switch the link to the base station to the connected state (or RRC_CONNECTED state). After completing the random access procedure, the UE switches to a connected state where one-to-one communication between the base station and the UE is possible. The following, combined with... Figure 3 Describe the random access process in detail.

[0075] Figure 3 The signaling flow for performing random access (RA) according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0076] refer to Figure 3 In operation 310, the UE can send a random access preamble to the base station (gNB). The random access preamble is the initial message sent by the UE during the random access process and can be referred to as message 1. The gNB can measure the transmission delay between the UE and the gNB from the random access preamble and can perform uplink synchronization. The UE can arbitrarily select the random access preamble to use from the set of random access preambles given in advance by the system information. The initial transmission power of the random access preamble can be determined by the path loss between the gNB and the UE measured by the UE. In addition, the UE can determine the transmission beam direction of the random access preamble from the synchronization signal received from the gNB, thereby sending the random access preamble.

[0077] In operation 320, the gNB may send a Random Access Response (RAR) (or message 2) regarding the random access preamble received in operation 310. The gNB may send an uplink transmission timing adjustment command to the UE based on the transmission delay value measured from the random access preamble. The gNB may send a power control command and the uplink resources the UE intends to use as scheduling information to the UE. The scheduling information sent by the gNB may include control information regarding the UE's uplink transmission beam.

[0078] According to an embodiment, if the UE fails to receive a Random Access Response (RAR) (or message 2) as scheduling information about message 3 from the gNB within a predetermined time during operation 320, the UE may perform operation 310 again. When performing operation 310 again, the UE may send a random access preamble after increasing its transmission power by a predetermined step (e.g., power ramp-up), thereby increasing the probability that the gNB receives the random access preamble.

[0079] In operation 330, the UE can send uplink data (i.e., message 3) including its ID to the gNB using the uplink resources allocated to it in operation 320. The UE can send the uplink data including its ID to the gNB via the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH). According to an embodiment, the transmission timing of the PUSCH used to send message 3 can follow the timing control command received from the gNB in ​​operation 320. According to an embodiment, the transmission power of the PUSCH used to send message 3 can be determined by taking into account the power control command received from the gNB in ​​operation 320 and the power ramp value of the random access preamble. According to an embodiment, the PUSCH used to send message 3 can refer to the uplink data signal initially sent by the UE to the gNB after sending the random access preamble.

[0080] In operation 340, when it is determined that the UE performed random access without competition from other UEs, the gNB may send data (message 4) to the UE containing the ID of the UE that transmitted uplink data in 330. According to an embodiment, when the UE receives the signal sent by the gNB in ​​operation 340, the UE can determine that the random access was successful. According to an embodiment, the UE may send a Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request Acknowledgment (HARQ-ACK) message to the gNB via the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) to indicate whether message 4 has been successfully received.

[0081] According to an embodiment, if the data transmitted by the UE in operation 330 competes with data from another UE, causing the gNB to fail to receive a data signal from the UE, the gNB may stop transmitting data to the UE. According to an embodiment, if the UE fails to receive the data transmitted in operation 340 from the gNB within a predetermined time, the UE may determine that the random access procedure has failed and may restart from operation 310.

[0082] According to the embodiments, after successfully completing the random access procedure, the UE can switch to the connected state (or RRC_CONNECTED state), and the gNB and the UE can communicate one-to-one. According to the embodiments, the gNB can receive UE capability information reported by the UE in the connected state (or RRC_CONNECTED state) and can adjust scheduling with reference to the UE capability information from the UE. According to the embodiments, the UE can notify the gNB through the UE capability information whether the UE supports specific functions, the maximum allowed value of the functions supported by the UE, etc. Therefore, the UE capability information reported by each UE to the gNB may have different values ​​for each UE.

[0083] As an example, the UE may report UE capability information to the gNB, including at least one of the following control information.

[0084] - Control information regarding the frequency bands supported by the UE

[0085] - Control information regarding the channel bandwidth supported by the UE

[0086] - Control information regarding the maximum modulation scheme supported by the UE

[0087] - Control information regarding the maximum number of beams supported by the UE

[0088] - Control information regarding the maximum number of layers supported by the UE

[0089] - Control information regarding UE-supported CSI reporting

[0090] - Control information regarding whether the UE supports frequency hopping

[0091] - Information regarding bandwidth control when carrier aggregation (CA) is supported.

[0092] - Control information regarding whether cross-carrier scheduling is supported when CA is supported

[0093] Figure 4 This document illustrates the process by which a UE reports UE capability information to a base station (gNB) according to various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0094] refer to Figure 4 In operation 410, gNB 402 may send a UE capability information request message to UE 401.

[0095] In operation 420, UE 401 may send UE capability information to gNB 402 based on the UE capability information request from gNB 402. According to an embodiment, UE 401 may send UE capability information to gNB 402 while ignoring the UE capability information request from gNB 402.

[0096] According to various embodiments, based on the UE capability information transmission / reception process, a UE connected to the gNB can communicate one-to-one with the gNB in ​​the RRC_CONNECTED state.

[0097] According to the embodiment, a UE without a connection may be in the RRC_IDLE state, and a UE in the RRC_IDLE state may execute the following procedure.

[0098] - Perform UE-specific discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle operations configured by the upper layer.

[0099] - Receive paging messages from the core network

[0100] - Get system information

[0101] - Measurement operations related to the serving cell (or the cell where it resides) and cell selection / reselection.

[0102] - Measurement operations related to neighboring cells and cell reselection

[0103] - Receive Paging Advance Instruction (PEI)

[0104] According to an embodiment, in order to describe in more detail the measurement operations related to the serving cell (or camped cell) and cell selection / reselection, the UE may at least every M1 The N1 DRX cycles measure the Synchronization Signal (SS)-Reference Received Power (RSRP) and SS-Reference Received Quality (RSRQ) levels of the serving cell (or camped cell). The UE can evaluate the cell selection determination criterion S based on the measurements. In this case, M1 can be 2 when the SSB-based Measurement Timing Configuration (SMTC) cycle is greater than 20ms and the DRX cycle is less than or equal to 0.64s; otherwise, M1 can be 1.

[0105] In addition, N1 can be determined by the following Table 4.

[0106] Table 4

[0107] Cell selection criteria S can be found in the corresponding SS-RSRP. In the case of and corresponding to SS-RSRQ Under the condition that it is satisfied.

[0108] According to an embodiment, and It can be represented as follows.

[0109]

[0110] here, The SS-RSRP that can be measured can be indicated. It can indicate the measured SS-RSRQ. According to an embodiment, It can be the minimum received signal strength level required in the serving cell, and can be received by the UE as system information. This can be the minimum received signal quality level required in the serving cell and can be received by the UE as system information. The remaining parameters are substantially the same as those presented in 3GPP TS 38.304. When determining the measured SS-RSRP, the UE can determine the measured SS-RSRP by performing filtering based on at least two measurements, the interval between which is at least half a DRX period. Furthermore, when determining the measured SS-RSRQ, the UE can determine the SS-RSRQ of the serving cell by performing filtering based on at least two measurements, the interval between which is at least half a DRX period.

[0111] When the UE determines that the serving cell is If the cell selection determination criterion S is not met within a consecutive DRX cycle, the UE may initiate a measurement of all neighboring cells except the serving cell. If the UE fails to find a new suitable cell within 10 seconds, the UE may initiate a cell selection process for the selected Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN).

[0112] The following describes in more detail the UE receiving paging messages from the core network. According to an embodiment, the UE may listen for a paging opportunity (PO) (e.g., paging location) within a DRX cycle. A PO may be a set of PDCCH listening opportunities and may include multiple time slots (or subframes or OFDM symbols) capable of transmitting and receiving paging control information. A paging frame (PF) may be a radio frame (e.g., 10 ms) and may include one or more POs or the start point (e.g., offset) of a PO.

[0113] According to an embodiment, PF and PO can be determined by the following equation.

[0114] The system frame number (SFN) used for PF can be calculated as (SFN + PF_offset) mod T = (T div N) (UE_ID mod N) is used to determine the PF, where PF_offset indicates the offset used for PF determination, T indicates the DRX cycle, and N indicates the number of (e.g., cell-specific) PFs per DRX cycle, which can be determined by higher-layer signals such as system information, and UE_ID can be determined by the core network as UEID (e.g., 5G-S-TMSI).

[0115] According to an embodiment, the PF determined by N can indicate paging frames that are commonly applied to UEs in the cell. Hereinafter, for ease of description, the PF can be referred to as the common PF.

[0116] According to an embodiment, the i_s indicating the PO index can be determined by i_s = floor (UE_ID / N) mod Ns, where Ns can indicate the number of POs in a PF and can be determined by higher-level signals such as system information.

[0117] For example, assuming PF_offset=3, T=128, N=T / 4=32, Ns=4, UE_ID mod 32=1 and floor (UE_ID / 32) mod 4=1, the value of the parameter can be determined by the following equation.

[0118] (SFN + 3) mod 128 = (128 div 32) (UE_ID mod 32) = 4 1 = 4, i_s = floor (UE_ID / 32) mod 4 = 1 Therefore, the paging frame (PF) to be received by the UE with the above UE_ID can be determined as the radio frame with SFN of 1, 129, 257... in the cell common PF, and as PO, the (i_s + 1)th PO among the four POs in the PF can be determined.

[0119] The reception of Paging Advance Indication (PEI) is described in more detail below. According to an embodiment, to reduce the power consumed by the UE during each DRX cycle while listening to and receiving the paging control channel and paging data channel, the UE may receive a PEI. According to an embodiment, the PEI may include bit fields indicating multiple paging opportunities for each PEI and multiple subgroups for each paging opportunity. The UE subgroups supporting the PEI may be specified by the core network (CN) via non-access stratum (NAS) signaling (e.g., via an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) entity), or may be determined based on parameters of system information and the UE ID. The UE may receive the PEI to determine whether the subgroup to which the UE belongs is indicated as "1" in the paging opportunity to which the UE needs to perform reception, and when the subgroup is indicated as "1", the UE may receive paging information in the paging opportunity. When the subgroup is indicated as "0", the UE may skip receiving paging information.

[0120] According to an embodiment, when a set of Tracking Reference Signal (TRS) opportunities is provided to a UE in the RRC_IDLE or RRC_INACTIVE state via system information trs-ResourceSetConfig, the DCI format 1_0 and PEI (e.g., DCI format 2_7) with CRC scrambled by P-RNTI may include a TRS availability indication field. The UE can determine from this TRS availability indication field the set of TRS resources that can be received in the cell, and can receive the TRS resource set to perform time / frequency synchronization, automatic gain control (AGC), channel estimation, etc.

[0121] According to various embodiments of this disclosure, the UE may listen for or receive a PEI opportunity (PEI-O) before paging reception within a DRX cycle. If the UE receives a PEI and the PEI indicates a paging opportunity and a subgroup (to which the UE belongs), the UE belonging to that subgroup may listen for the associated paging opportunity (PO). If the UE fails to detect the PEI at the PEI opportunity, or if the PEI does not indicate a paging opportunity and a subgroup (to which the UE belongs), the UE does not need to listen for the associated paging opportunity (PO), thereby reducing UE power consumption.

[0122] According to an embodiment, the UE can determine the PEI timing in the following manner. The PEI timing can be based on a radio frame backward offset subframe offset from a reference point, which is based on a PF forward offset pei-FrameOffset including the associated PO. The UE can listen for PEI during the PEI timing determined in the manner described above. Here, pei-FrameOffset, subframe offset, etc., can be determined by higher-layer signals such as system information.

[0123] According to various embodiments, a new UE state called RRC_INACTIVE has been defined in 5G systems to reduce the energy and time consumed during initial UE access. In addition to the operations performed by a UE in the RRC_IDLE state, a UE in the RRC_INACTIVE state can also perform the following operations.

[0124] - Stores access stratum (AS) information required for cell access.

[0125] - UE-specific DRX cycle operation configured by the RRC layer

[0126] - Configure the Radio Access Network (RAN)-based Notification Area (RNA) that may be used by the RRC layer during handover, and perform updates periodically.

[0127] - Listen for RAN-based paging messages sent via Inactive Radio Network Temporary Identifier (I-RNTI).

[0128] According to an embodiment, a UE in the RRC_CONNECTED state can receive an RRC release indication from the gNB and can change from the RRC_CONNECTED state to the RRC_INACTIVE / RRC_IDLE state.

[0129] According to the embodiment, a UE in the RRC_INACTIVE / RRC_IDLE state can perform random access, complete the entire random access process, and can change from the RRC_INACTIVE / RRC_IDLE state to the RRC_CONNECTED state.

[0130] The following describes a scheduling method for a base station (gNB) to send downlink data to a UE or to instruct the UE to transmit uplink data according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0131] According to an embodiment, downlink control information (DCI) can be control information transmitted from the gNB to the UE via the downlink. The DCI may include downlink data scheduling information or uplink data scheduling information for a specific UE. Typically, the gNB can perform channel coding independently for each UE for the DCI and transmit it to each UE via the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH).

[0132] According to an embodiment, for a UE to be scheduled, the base station can apply and operate a predetermined DCI format according to the purpose, such as whether the DCI is scheduling information about downlink data (downlink allocation), whether the DCI is scheduling information about uplink data (uplink grant), or whether the DCI is a DCI for power control.

[0133] According to an embodiment, the gNB can transmit downlink data to the UE via the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH). The gNB can notify the UE of information such as power control information, HARQ-related control information, modulation scheme, and scheduling information at specific mapping positions in the time and frequency domains of the PDSCH through the DCI related to downlink data scheduling information transmitted via the PDCCH.

[0134] According to an embodiment, the UE can send uplink data to the gNB via the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH). The gNB can notify the UE of scheduling information such as detailed mapping positions in the time and frequency domains of the PUSCH, modulation schemes, HARQ-related control information, and power control information through the DCI related to uplink data scheduling information in the DCI sent via the PDCCH.

[0135] According to an embodiment, the time-frequency resources mapped to the PDCCH may be referred to as a Control Resource Set (CORESET). A CORESET can be configured in the frequency domain for all or part of the frequency resources in the bandwidth supported by the UE. In the time domain, one or more OFDM symbols can be configured as a CORESET, which can be defined as the duration of the Control Resource Set (CORESET). The gNB can configure one or more CORESETs for the UE via higher-layer signaling (e.g., system information, Master Information Block (MIB), Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling). The description of the gNB configuring a CORESET for the UE may mean that the gNB provides the UE with information such as the CORESET identifier, the frequency location of the CORESET, and the symbol length of the CORESET. The information provided by the gNB to the UE for configuring a CORESET may include at least a portion of the information included in Table 5 below: Table 5

[0136] According to an embodiment, CORESET can be used in the frequency domain by Each RB configuration, and can be configured in the time domain by The NR PDCCH can be configured with ∈{1,2,3} symbols. A CCE can be configured by one or more Control Channel Elements (CCEs). A CCE can be configured by six Resource Groups (REGs), each REG being defined as a Resource Block (RB) during an OFDM symbol period. Within a CORESET, REGs can be indexed starting at REG index 0 from the first CORESET symbol / lowest RB, in time-priority order.

[0137] According to the embodiment, interleaved and non-interleaved types can be supported as the transmission method related to PDCCH. The gNB can configure the UE for the transmission type (interleaved or non-interleaved) for each CORESET via higher-layer signaling. Interleaving can be performed at the REG bundle level. A REG bundle can be defined as a set of one REG or multiple REGs. The UE can determine the CCE to REG type in the corresponding CORESET based on the gNB's configuration regarding whether the transmission is interleaved or non-interleaved, as shown in Table 6 below.

[0138] Table 6

[0139] According to an embodiment, the gNB can provide the UE with configuration information such as the symbol to which the PDCCH is mapped and the transmission period via signaling.

[0140] According to an embodiment, the following is a description of the search space for the PDCCH. Depending on the aggregation level (AL), the number of CCEs required to transmit the PDCCH can be 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16, and different numbers of CCEs can be used to achieve link adaptation of the downlink control channel. For example, when AL=L, one downlink control channel can be transmitted through L CCEs. The UE performs blind decoding to detect signals without information about the downlink control channel; for this purpose, a search space indicating a set of CCEs can be defined. The search space is a set of downlink control channel candidates that include the CCEs the UE needs to attempt to decode at each AL, and since 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 CCEs can form a bundle at various ALs, the UE can have multiple search spaces. The search space set can be defined as the set of search spaces at all configured aggregation levels.

[0141] According to embodiments, the search space can be divided into a common search space (CSS) and a UE-specific search space (USS). A group of UEs or all UEs can search the common search space of the PDCCH to receive cell common control information such as dynamic scheduling of system information or paging messages. For example, a UE can search the common search space of the PDCCH to receive PDSCH scheduling allocation information for receiving system information. In the case of the common search space, a group of UEs or all UEs need to receive the PDCCH, so the common search space can be defined as a predetermined set of CCEs. Scheduling allocation information for UE-specific PDSCH or PUSCH can be received by searching the UE-specific search space of the PDCCH. The UE-specific search space can be defined specifically for the UE based on various system parameters and the UE's identifier (ID).

[0142] According to an embodiment, the configuration information of the PDCCH search space can be configured by the base station for the UE via higher-layer signaling (e.g., SIB, MIB, or RRC signaling). For example, the base station can provide the UE with configurations such as the number of PDCCH candidates for each aggregation level L, the listening period for the search space, the listening timing for each symbol in the time slot of the search space, the search space type (public search space or UE-specific search space), the combination of RNTI and DCI formats to be listened to in the corresponding search space, and the CORESET index used for listening to the search space.

[0143] For example, the parameters of the search space for PDCCH may include the following information given in Table 7.

[0144] Table 7

[0145] According to an embodiment, based on configuration information, the base station can configure one or more search space sets for the UE. According to an embodiment, the base station can configure search space set 1 and search space set 2 for the UE. In search space set 1, the UE can be configured to listen for DCI format A scrambled by X-RNTI in a common search space. In search space set 3, the UE can be configured to listen for DCI format B scrambled by Y-RNTI in a UE-specific search space.

[0146] According to an embodiment, one or more search space sets may exist in the public search space or the UE-specific search space, based on configuration information. For example, search space set #1 and search space set #2 may be configured as a public search space, and search space set #3 and search space set #4 may be configured as UE-specific search spaces.

[0147] According to embodiments, the combination of DCI format and RNTI given below can be listened to in a public search space. According to various embodiments of this disclosure, the above combinations are not limited to the examples below.

[0148] - DCI format 0_0 / 1_0 with CRC scrambled by C-RNTI, CS-RNTI, SP-CSI-RNTI, RA-RNTI, TC-RNTI, P-RNTI, and SI-RNTI.

[0149] - DCI format 2_0 with CRC scrambled by SFI-RNTI

[0150] - DCI format 2_1 with CRC scrambled by INT-RNTI

[0151] - DCI format 2_2 with CRC scrambled by TPC-PUSCH-RNTI and TPC-PUCCH-RNTI

[0152] - DCI format 2_3 with CRC scrambled by TPC-SRS-RNTI

[0153] According to embodiments, the combination of DCI format and RNTI given below can be listened to in a UE-specific search space. According to various embodiments of this disclosure, the above combinations are not limited to the examples below.

[0154] - DCI format 0_0 / 1_0 with CRC scrambled by C-RNTI, CS-RNTI, and TC-RNTI

[0155] - DCI format 1_0 / 1_1 with CRC scrambled by C-RNTI, CS-RNTI, and TC-RNTI

[0156] According to embodiments, the RNTIs listed above may follow the definitions and usages given below. According to various embodiments of this disclosure, the above definitions and usages are not limited to the examples below.

[0157] - Cell RNTI (C-RNTI): Used to schedule UE-specific PDSCH

[0158] - Temporary Cell RNTI (TC-RNTI): Used to schedule UE-specific PDSCH

[0159] - Configured Scheduling RNTI (CS-RNTI): Used to schedule UE-specific PDSCHs with semi-static configuration.

[0160] - Random Access RNTI (RA-RNTI): Used to schedule PDSCH during the random access step.

[0161] - Paging RNTI (P-RNTI): PDSCH used for scheduling paging transmission

[0162] - System Information RNTI (SI-RNTI): PDSCH used for scheduling the transmission of system information.

[0163] - Interrupt RNTI (INT-RNTI): Used to indicate whether the PDSCH has been punched.

[0164] - PUSCH Transmit Power Control RNTI (TPC-PUSCH-RNTI): Used to indicate power control commands regarding the PUSCH.

[0165] - PUCCH Transmit Power Control RNTI (TPC-PUCCH-RNTI): Used to indicate power control commands regarding the PUCCH.

[0166] - SRS Transmission Power Control RNTI (TPC-SRS-RNTI): Used to indicate power control commands regarding the SRS.

[0167] According to the embodiments, the DCI format described above can be defined as shown in Table 8 below.

[0168] Table 8

[0169] According to an embodiment, in 5G, the search space at the aggregation level L associated with the control resource set p and the search space set s can be represented by the following Equation 1.

[0170] Equation 1

[0171] - L: Aggregation Level

[0172] - Carrier index

[0173] - $ : The total number of CCEs existing in the resource set p.

[0174] - Time slot index

[0175] - Number of PDCCH candidates at aggregation level L

[0176] - = 0, ..., -1: PDCCH candidate index at aggregation level L

[0177] - = 0, ..., -1

[0178] - , , (for ), (for ), (for ),

[0179] - UE identifier

[0180] In the context of public search spaces, The value can correspond to 0.

[0181] In the case of a specific search space for the UE The value can correspond to a value that is changed by the UE's identifier (C-RNTI or the ID configured by the base station for the UE) and time index.

[0182] As mentioned above, to achieve ultra-high-speed data services of several Gbps in 5G systems, signal transmission / reception across ultra-wide bandwidths of tens or hundreds of MHz or even multiple GHz can be supported. This can be achieved through a single component carrier (CC) or through carrier aggregation (CA) technology, which combines multiple CCs. If mobile operators are unable to obtain sufficient frequency bandwidth to provide ultra-high-speed data services using a single CC, CA technology combines individual CCs, each with a relatively small bandwidth, increasing the total frequency bandwidth and thus enabling ultra-high-speed data services.

[0183] The design and development of 5G systems take into account all sorts of use cases. Besides standby time, reliability, and availability, UE energy efficiency is also crucial in 5G systems. 5G UEs need to be charged weekly or daily depending on individual usage time. Typically, for example, a UE consumes tens of mW in RRC_IDLE / RRC_INACTIVE states and hundreds of mW in RRC_CONNECTED states. Extending battery life is essential not only for a better user experience but also for improved energy efficiency. Energy efficiency may be even more critical for UEs without a continuous power supply, such as those using small rechargeable and single-button batteries. In 5G use cases, sensors and actuators are widely deployed for monitoring, measurement, charging, and more. Typically, batteries used for sensors or actuators are not rechargeable and are expected to last at least several years. Furthermore, wearable devices such as smartwatches, rings, eHealth-related devices, and medical monitoring devices are unlikely to last more than 1-2 weeks depending on usage time.

[0184] According to embodiments, the power consumption of a 5G UE depends on the length of the configured wake-up cycle (e.g., paging cycle), and extended discontinuous reception (eDRX) cycles with larger values ​​can be used to meet battery life requirements. However, eDRX schemes rely on long standby times to maintain long battery life and are therefore unsuitable for services with short standby times. For example, in the case of fire detection and suppression, fireproof roller shutters need to be closed and sprinklers activated via actuators within 1-2 seconds from the time a fire is detected by a sensor. In this case, standby time may be critical, and the existing long eDRX cycles cannot meet latency requirements, thus making them unsuitable.

[0185] Figure 5 Examples of state transitions between a base station and a UE according to embodiments of this disclosure, and the UE state based on the base station state, are shown. Specifically, Figure 5 The state transitions of the base station (gNB) and UE used to resolve the above issues are shown.

[0186] According to the implementation, a 5G UE may need to periodically wake up once per eDRX cycle, which could dominate power consumption during periods without signaling or data services. If the UE only wakes up when triggered, such as by paging, power consumption can be significantly reduced. This can be achieved through methods such as... Figure 5 The method described achieves a significant reduction in power consumption, in which the main radio (MR) (such as a conventional NR radio) is triggered by a wake-up signal (WUS) and the main radio is turned on only when data transmission / reception is required by using a wake-up receiver (WUR) (a separate receiver capable of listening to the WUS in ultra-low power).

[0187] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, in operation 501, the gNB may send a WUS to the UE corresponding to being ON or OFF.

[0188] In Operation 502, the UE can receive WUS by using WUR.

[0189] In operation 503, the UE can trigger the main radio, which is in the OFF or ON state, based on information indicating that the received signal corresponds to ON or OFF.

[0190] In operation 504, the UE can wake up the main radio or configure a power-off state. According to an embodiment, instead of a completely OFF state, a deep sleep (DS) or ultra-deep sleep (UDS) state can also be configured.

[0191] If a data service is to be sent from the gNB to the UE (in operation 505), and if the WUS sent by the gNB in ​​operation 501 is a signal corresponding to ON, the main radio can be switched to ON in operation 506, and the UE can receive the data sent by the gNB via the main radio instead of the WUS.

[0192] According to the embodiments, the power consumed by the listening WUS depends on the WUS design and the hardware modules of the WUR used to detect and process signals, so it is desirable to maximize the gain for power-sensitive and small-sized devices (including wearable devices) and IoT use cases (such as industrial sensors and controllers).

[0193] According to an embodiment, a UE including a wake-up receiver may report to the gNB that the UE is able to wake up the main radio by using the wake-up receiver, or may report capability information to the gNB to indicate that the UE includes a wake-up receiver.

[0194] According to an embodiment, the UE can be accessed via... Figure 4 The UE capability reporting process reports capability information about the wake-up receiver to the gNB.

[0195] According to an embodiment, the UE can be accessed via... Figure 3 In the random access process, at least one of the random access preamble or uplink data channel is used to report capability information about the wake-up receiver or capability information indicating the ability to receive PEI to the gNB. According to an embodiment, a set of random access preambles that can be sent by a UE including a wake-up receiver or having capability information indicating the ability to receive PEI can be sent to the UE as system information. The UE can select a random access preamble from the set received by the UE, and based on the selected random access preamble, in... Figure 3In operation 310 of the random access procedure, a random access preamble is sent. According to an embodiment, after reporting to the gNB about the capability information of the wake-up receiver or indicating the capability to receive PEI, the UE can receive information from the gNB about whether to use the wake-up receiver or use PEI via higher-layer signaling or physical signals.

[0196] According to an embodiment, when the gNB supports a UE including a wake-up receiver (e.g., when the gNB has hardware capable of sending a wake-up signal), the gNB can determine whether to use the wake-up receiver after receiving capability information about the wake-up receiver from the UE. According to an embodiment, the gNB can send a signal to the UE indicating whether to use the wake-up receiver or configuration information for receiving a wake-up signal. According to an embodiment, the gNB can send at least one of the following: an indication message instructing the UE to receive a wake-up signal or activate the wake-up receiver, or an indication message instructing the gNB to send a wake-up signal. After a time slot configured by the gNB (or defined by the specification) from the time slot for receiving the signal, the UE can turn off its main radio and turn on the wake-up receiver to listen for the wake-up signal. According to an embodiment, the UE can send at least one of the following to the gNB before turning off its main radio: feedback indicating whether to receive a signal indicating whether to use the wake-up receiver, or feedback indicating that the main radio is off and the wake-up receiver is on.

[0197] According to an embodiment, if the gNB does not support a UE with a wake-up receiver, the gNB may send a signal to the UE indicating that the wake-up receiver cannot be used after receiving information about the wake-up receiver's capabilities from the UE. The UE may send feedback to the gNB to indicate receipt of the feedback indicating that the wake-up receiver cannot be used. According to an embodiment, by using existing power-saving methods (e.g., C-DRX or I-DRX for paging), the UE can perform operations using parameters of existing power-saving methods configured by the gNB.

[0198] According to an embodiment, the UE can determine whether to activate or deactivate the WUR based on receiving the WUS sent from the gNB. According to an embodiment, the UE can also determine whether to activate or deactivate the WUR based on receiving the synchronization signal of the WUR sent from the gNB.

[0199] According to various embodiments of this disclosure, after reporting the capability of a UE with a wake-up receiver and after the process of whether the gNB supports (or grants) the wake-up receiver, the UE's wake-up receiver can receive a wake-up signal and perform operations to turn the UE's main radio on and off. According to embodiments, it is apparent that the UE's ability to turn the main radio on / off and the process of reporting the capability of a UE with a wake-up receiver, or the process of whether the gNB supports the wake-up receiver, are performed independently of each other. For example, even without performing the UE capability reporting operation and the permission process, the gNB can send the UE configuration information indicating whether to receive a wake-up signal or a signal regarding whether to use the wake-up receiver. Therefore, in a UE receiving a signal from the gNB, a UE with a wake-up receiver can turn the main radio on / off via the wake-up receiver.

[0200] According to embodiments, after performing the UE capability reporting operation and gNB granting process or determining whether to use the UE's wake-up receiver, the operation of turning the primary radio on / off via the wake-up receiver can be applied to all UEs in the gNB-supported cell (e.g., RRC_CONNECTED UE, RRC_IDLE / RRC_INACTIVE UE, or UEs accessing the cell (e.g., RRC_CONNECTED UE)). Without performing the UE capability reporting operation and gNB granting process, the operation of turning the primary radio on / off via the wake-up receiver can be applied to RRC_IDLE / RRC_INACTIVE UEs residing in the gNB-supported cell. Furthermore, various embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one, a portion thereof, or a combination thereof of the various operations disclosed below involving the UE and gNB with a wake-up receiver.

[0201] The following describes the operation of a UE with a wake-up receiver to turn on and off its main radio according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. Various embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one, a portion thereof, or a combination thereof of the various operations disclosed below involving a UE and a gNB including a wake-up receiver.

[0202] According to embodiments, when the UE's primary radio is enabled, the UE can receive downlink signals (or data) from the base station via the primary radio. According to various embodiments of this disclosure, "enabled" primary radio may mean "is enabled," "is activated," etc., but is not limited thereto, and may also be expressed by expressions with similar or substantially equivalent meanings. According to embodiments, a description of primary radio activation may mean that specific components of the primary radio (e.g., radio frequency (RF) and baseband (BB)) are enabled or activated, or may be defined by specifications (e.g., 3GPP TS documents). However, according to various embodiments of this disclosure, without being limited to the above description, a description of primary radio activation may include equivalent or substantially similar parameters, or operations performed by these parameters. Alternatively, a description of primary radio activation may mean that the primary radio performs reception operations on specific channels or signals (e.g., SS / PBCH blocks including synchronization signals or PDCCHs including downlink control channels) as defined in 3GPP TS documents.

[0203] According to embodiments, when the UE's primary radio is off, the UE may be considered to be in a sleep cycle or may not receive downlink signals (or data) from the base station. According to various embodiments of this disclosure, "primary radio off" may mean that the primary radio is "turned off" or "deactivated," and may have similar or substantially equivalent meanings, but is not limited thereto. According to embodiments, a description of the primary radio being deactivated may mean that specific components of the primary radio (e.g., radio frequency (RF) and baseband (BB)) are turned off or deactivated, or may be defined by a specification (e.g., a 3GPP TS document). However, according to various embodiments of this disclosure, without being limited to the above description, a description of the primary radio being deactivated may include equivalent or substantially similar parameters, or operations performed by these parameters. Alternatively, a description of the primary radio being deactivated may mean that the primary radio no longer performs reception operations for specific channels or signals (e.g., SS / PBCH blocks including synchronization signals or PDCCH blocks including downlink control channels) as defined in the 3GPP TS document.

[0204] As described above, to save power, the main radio can only be activated via the wake-up receiver when the UE receives a wake-up signal from the base station, enabling it to receive downlink signals from the base station. Alternatively, the main radio can be deactivated if no wake-up signal is received. In this case, when a UE in the RRC_IDLE or RRC_INACTIVE state receives a wake-up signal, the UE can omit the aforementioned PEI reception and attempt to immediately perform paging reception. Alternatively, upon receiving a wake-up signal, depending on the UE's implementation, a UE in the RRC_IDLE or RRC_INACTIVE state can perform PEI reception and then attempt paging reception, or it can omit PEI reception and attempt paging reception.

[0205] According to various embodiments of this disclosure, even if the base station does not send a wake-up signal to the UE, the UE may determine that it has received a wake-up signal due to noise such as additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) or intra-cell or inter-cell interference. In this case, the UE triggers the main radio to be turned on and performs PDCCH decoding for paging reception via the wake-up signal, which may result in unnecessary power consumption. To reduce the false determination rate (e.g., false alarm rate) of the aforementioned wake-up signal reception, PEI reception may still be required.

[0206] Therefore, the following describes various methods and determination mechanisms for determining whether to receive PEI (e.g., determining whether to enable (activate) or disable (deactivate) PEI listening) after the UE receives a wake-up signal through the wake-up receiver.

[0207] For example, when not listening to the PEI using the above method, the UE can receive a wake-up signal and then receive paging-related control and data channels during the paging timing. When listening to the PEI using the above method, the UE can receive a wake-up signal, as well as the PEI, and if the PEI indicates paging reception for the UE (e.g., when indicating the subgroup to which the UE belongs and the paging timing), the UE can receive paging-related control and data channels during the paging timing. Furthermore, if the PEI does not indicate paging reception for the UE (e.g., when not indicating the subgroup to which the UE belongs and the paging timing), the UE can skip paging reception.

[0208] In this scenario, when a UE performs PEI listening, all UEs in the subgroup to which the UE indicated by the PEI belongs trigger the main radio to turn on without needing to receive paging signals. Additionally, a method for reducing unnecessary power consumption is described.

[0209] Hereinafter, in describing various embodiments of the present disclosure, operations or processes described as performed by the main radio or wake-up receiver of a UE including a wake-up receiver (e.g., a UE with wake-up receiving capability) are understood to be performed by a UE including a wake-up receiver (e.g., a UE with wake-up receiving capability).

[0210] PEI monitoring enabled (activated) / disabled (deactivated)

[0211] Detailed methods for enabling or disabling PEI monitoring are described according to various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0212] According to an embodiment, when a UE with a wake-up receiver has the ability to receive PEI, the UE can enable or disable PEI listening.

[0213] As an example, when a UE with a wake-up receiver does not have the capability to receive PEI, the UE can disable PEI monitoring. Alternatively, when a UE with a wake-up receiver has the capability to receive PEI, the UE can receive an explicit indication from the base station regarding whether to enable or disable PEI monitoring, and determine whether to enable or disable PEI monitoring based on this explicit indication, or it can make a determination implicitly associated with specific information. Alternatively, the UE can determine whether to enable or disable PEI monitoring based on its implementation or its own determination. When the UE disables PEI monitoring through the above determination scheme, the UE may not perform PEI monitoring, thereby reducing power consumption; or when the UE enables PEI monitoring, the UE requires additional power consumption due to PEI monitoring, but it can reduce false alarms in wake-up signal reception.

[0214] Example 1

[0215] According to an embodiment, whether the UE disables or enables PEI monitoring can be determined in conjunction with the subgroup to which the UE belongs, as indicated by the PEI, and in relation to the number of subgroups configured for the UE.

[0216] For example, when the number of subgroups is greater than X, PEI monitoring can be enabled, and when the wake-up receiver listens for and receives the wake-up signal, the main radio can be triggered to turn on and perform PEI monitoring.

[0217] For example, when the number of subgroups is less than X, PEI monitoring can be disabled, and when the wake-up receiver listens for and receives the wake-up signal, the main radio can be turned on and PEI monitoring can be skipped.

[0218] In this case, the number of the aforementioned subgroups and X can be sent to the UE via higher-layer signals (such as system information or radio resource control (RRC)).

[0219] When the base station does not support the above subgroup division, the UE can determine the number of subgroups to a specific number (e.g., 0), or determine that no subgroups exist. Therefore, when X is configured to a value greater than 0, the UE can disable PEI listening. Alternatively, the UE can determine X to infinity and disable PEI listening. When the wake-up receiver listens for a wake-up signal and receives the wake-up signal, it can trigger the main radio to start and skip PEI listening.

[0220] Example 2

[0221] According to the embodiment, whether the UE disables or enables PEI monitoring can be determined by combining the subsequent operations of the UE indicated by the wake-up signal when the UE receives the wake-up signal.

[0222] For example, when the wake-up signal indicates a UE-specific operation (such as a UE's RRC connection request or random access), PEI monitoring can be enabled. Furthermore, when the wake-up receiver listens for and receives the wake-up signal, it can trigger the main radio to turn on and perform PEI monitoring. According to this method, when a false alarm occurs with the wake-up signal, the UE can perform a UE-specific operation, thereby resolving the power consumption issue. For example, the UE can perform PEI monitoring and control the reception of PEI, thereby reducing false alarms with the wake-up signal.

[0223] According to the embodiment, when the wake-up signal indicates an operation (e.g., system information update or change) of one or more UEs (e.g., a group of UEs or all UEs in a cell), PEI listening can be disabled, and when the wake-up receiver listens for the wake-up signal and receives the wake-up signal, the main radio can be triggered to start and skip PEI listening.

[0224] According to an embodiment, the possible subsequent operations of the UE that can be indicated by the wake-up signal can be determined by a standard and configured by higher-level signals (such as system information or RRC), and one of the operations can be sent to the UE by the wake-up signal.

[0225] Example 3

[0226] According to the embodiment, whether the UE disables or enables PEI listening can be determined by combining the specification version (or version) of the UE indicated by the wake-up signal when the UE receives the wake-up signal.

[0227] For example, when the wake-up signal indicates that there are other versions of UE in the cell besides Rel-19, PEI monitoring can be enabled, and when the wake-up receiver listens for the wake-up signal and receives the wake-up signal, the main radio can be triggered to start and perform PEI monitoring.

[0228] For example, PEI monitoring can be disabled when the wake-up signal indicates that only Rel-19 UEs exist in the cell, and when the wake-up receiver is listening for and receives the wake-up signal, the main radio can be turned on and PEI monitoring can be skipped.

[0229] Example 4

[0230] According to an embodiment, whether the UE disables or enables PEI listening can be determined based on the bit field that the wake-up signal can indicate when the UE receives the wake-up signal.

[0231] For example, PEI listening can be enabled when the wake-up signal includes a bit field indicating that PEI listening is enabled, and when the wake-up receiver listens for and receives the wake-up signal, it can trigger the main radio to turn on and perform PEI listening.

[0232] For example, PEI listening can be disabled when the wake-up signal includes a bit field indicating that PEI listening is disabled, and when the wake-up receiver listens for the wake-up signal and receives the wake-up signal, the main radio can be turned on and PEI listening can be skipped.

[0233] Example 5

[0234] For example, whether the UE has disabled or enabled PEI listening can be determined by the UE receive bit field, which can be indicated by a higher-layer signal including configuration related to wake-up reception or a separate higher-layer signal.

[0235] For example, PEI listening can be enabled when the higher-layer signal includes a bit field indicating that PEI listening is enabled, and when the wake-up receiver listens for and receives a wake-up signal, the main radio can be triggered to turn on and perform PEI listening.

[0236] For example, PEI listening can be disabled when the higher-layer signal includes a bit field indicating that PEI listening is disabled, and when the wake-up receiver listens for and receives a wake-up signal, the main radio can be turned on and PEI listening can be skipped.

[0237] Example 6

[0238] According to various embodiments of this disclosure, whether the UE disables or enables PEI monitoring can be determined autonomously by the UE through its implementation.

[0239] According to an embodiment, for example, in order for the UE to identify whether the wake-up signal has been properly received and whether the received wake-up signal is valid after receiving it, the UE may perform PEI listening, or may identify whether the paging timing and subgroup indication fields in the PEI indicate that the UE needs to receive paging timing or paging information. Alternatively, after receiving the wake-up signal, the UE may perform PEI listening, receive the TRS availability indication field in the PEI, and perform time / frequency synchronization, AGC, channel estimation, etc., based on the received TRS resource set instead of using SSB. In this case, the subgroup indicated by the wake-up signal and the subgroup indicated by the PEI can be consistent, and the relevant configuration can be determined by [the relevant configuration]. Figure 7 The embodiments are provided in the example.

[0240] According to an embodiment, when the UE determines that the information received via the wake-up signal is consistent with the information received via the PEI, the UE can determine that the received information is correct and can perform paging reception at the paging time. The information received by the UE via the wake-up signal or PEI may include at least one of information indicating a subgroup or information indicating the paging time.

[0241] According to an embodiment, when the UE determines that the information received via the wake-up signal is different from the information received via the PEI, the UE may perform at least one of the following processes.

[0242] First, the UE can perform subsequent operations based on the information received via the PEI. For example, even if the UE's main radio is turned on by a wake-up signal so that the UE can receive paging signals, the UE can only perform paging reception when the PEI indicates that paging reception should be performed in the subgroup of the paging timing to which the UE belongs; otherwise, the UE's main radio can be turned off.

[0243] Second, the UE can receive the paging signal only if the information received via the wake-up signal matches the information received via the PEI; otherwise, the UE's main radio can be turned off.

[0244] Third, the UE can determine that the information received via the wake-up signal is unreliable. When this occurs at least X times or more, the UE can suspend the reception of the wake-up signal by disabling the wake-up receiver and can activate the main radio. Here, X can be indicated by the base station via higher-layer signals or system information.

[0245] Hereinafter, according to various embodiments of this disclosure, when PEI monitoring is disabled or enabled, by... Figure 6 and Figure 7 Detailed description of embodiments related to subgrouping.

[0246] Figure 6 Examples of group differentiation schemes for a UE with a wake-up receiver according to various embodiments of the present disclosure are shown. More specifically, Figure 6 This example illustrates how, when PEI listening is disabled, the UE receives information about the subgroup from the PEI via a wake-up signal.

[0247] According to the embodiments, although Figure 6 As not shown, it is also possible for the UE to receive information about the paging timing via a wake-up signal.

[0248] According to an embodiment, the information about paging timing and subgroups included in the wake-up signal can be determined based on paging timing and subgroup configuration information, including the number of subgroups, configured by a higher-layer signal for the PEI. Alternatively, the UE can receive subgroup and paging timing configuration information, including the number of subgroups, via a higher-layer signal configured for wake-up signal reception or a separate higher-layer signal, and can determine information about the subgroups based on this configuration information.

[0249] Figure 7 This illustration shows another example of a group differentiation scheme for a UE with a wake-up receiver according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. More specifically, Figure 7This illustrates an example of how, when PEI listening is enabled, the UE receives information about subgroups and individual subgroups (e.g., subsubgroups) indicated by the PEI via a wake-up signal.

[0250] although Figure 7 As not shown, it is also possible for the UE to receive information about the paging timing via a wake-up signal.

[0251] According to an embodiment, information about a subgroup received by the UE via a wake-up signal can be used to further reduce the number of UEs in the subgroup indicated by the PEI. For example, a specific subgroup indicated by the PEI can be further divided into subgroups indicated by the wake-up signal, and only a portion of the UEs in a specific subgroup determined based on information about the subgroups associated with the wake-up signal and the PEI can perform PEI listening by triggering the main radio to turn on. Therefore, power consumption for receiving paging can be reduced.

[0252] According to an embodiment, the information about the subgroup received by the UE via the wake-up signal can be determined based on subgroup and paging timing configuration information, including the number of subgroups, configured by higher-layer signals for the PEI. Alternatively, the UE can receive subgroup and paging timing configuration information, including the number of subgroups, based on a separate higher-layer signal or a higher-layer signal configured for wake-up signal reception, and determine the information about the subgroup.

[0253] Figure 8 Examples of schemes for a UE with a wake-up receiver to receive a paging advance indication (PEI) according to various embodiments of the present disclosure are shown. More specifically, Figure 8 Examples are shown of a UE having a wake-up receiver receiving a wake-up signal, PEI, and paging according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0254] According to various embodiments of this disclosure, a scheme for determining the PF of a UE with a wake-up receiver within N (e.g., the number of cell common PFs per DRX cycle) and sending and receiving paging in that PF is described in detail. With this scheme, the UE can, upon receiving a wake-up signal, determine whether to perform PEI listening based on whether PEI listening is enabled or disabled, determine whether to receive paging based on the wake-up signal and PEI reception, and then receive the paging. Paging frames for all UEs in the cell, including the UE with the wake-up receiver, can be supported within the number of cell common PFs, thus potentially eliminating the need for additional resources due to extra paging frames for UEs with wake-up receivers and avoiding increased scheduling complexity for the base station due to supporting paging for UEs with wake-up receivers.

[0255] According to various embodiments of this disclosure, when PEI monitoring is enabled, a scheme for receiving wake-up signals, PEI, and paging is described in detail.

[0256] According to an embodiment, the method for determining PF is first described.

[0257] refer to Figure 8 The upper part shows the SFN (for receiving wake-up signals) and the SFN (e.g., radio frames) for receiving PEI (pei frames). A WUS-FrameOffset can be added based on the radio frame receiving the wake-up signal; additionally, a pei-FrameOffset can be added to determine the paging frame (PF).

[0258] WUS-FrameOffset can be determined by taking into account the time required for the UE's wake-up receiver to receive the wake-up signal, to wake up the main radio via the wake-up signal, and for the main radio to receive PEI.

[0259] WUS-FrameOffset can be received by the UE via higher-level signals such as system information. Alternatively, WUS-FrameOffset can be included in a wake-up signal and received by the UE.

[0260] The pei-FrameOffset can be determined taking into account the time required for the UE to receive the PEI and receive a paging signal from the PEI, and the pei-FrameOffset can be received by the UE via a higher-level signal such as system information. Alternatively, the pei-FrameOffset can be included in a wake-up signal and received by the UE.

[0261] When the PF determined by the above method is not included in the cell common PF, the paging frame can be determined based on the next cell common PF.

[0262] For example, Figure 8 The embodiment illustrates the case where, assuming {PF_offset=3, T=128, N=T / 4=32, Ns=4, UE_ID mod32=1 and floor(UE_ID / 32) mod 4=1}, every 4th radio frame (e.g., SFN -3, 1, 5, 9, ...) is the cell common PF, with N=T / 4 and PF_offset=3. According to the embodiment, in NR, radio frames can be 0 to 1023, with the numbering from 0 to 1023 repeated after radio frame 1023; therefore, the radio frame -3 described above can refer to radio frame 1021 (=-3 mod 1024).

[0263] According to an embodiment, if the paging frame (PF) determined by adding WUS-FrameOffset and further adding pei-FrameOffset to the radio frame that received the wake-up signal is 2, then the next cell common PF 5 can be determined as the PF for which the UE needs to receive the paging message. Since the PF according to the above-described prior art is determined as follows: {(SFN + 3)mod 128 = (128 div 32)} (UE_ID mod 32) = 4 The SFN of 1 = 4} is a radio frame of 1, 129, 257, ..., so this method allows paging to be received faster than the next PF 129.

[0264] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the UE may not expect the PFs that need to receive paging, as determined by the above method, to be excluded from the cell common PFs. For example, the UE may expect the PFs determined by the above method to always be included in the cell common PFs. Therefore, the base station can perform scheduling such that the PFs determined by the above method are always included in the cell common PFs.

[0265] Next, based on various embodiments of this disclosure, a scheme for receiving wake-up signals and paging when PEI listening is disabled will be described.

[0266] According to an embodiment, the method for determining PF is first described.

[0267] refer to Figure 8 The lower section shows the SFN (e.g., a radio frame) used to receive the wake-up signal. The WUS-FrameOffset can be added based on the radio frame used to receive the wake-up signal in order to determine the paging frame (PF).

[0268] WUS-FrameOffset can be determined by taking into account the time required for the UE's wake-up receiver to receive the wake-up signal, to wake up the main radio via the wake-up signal, and for the main radio to receive the paging signal.

[0269] WUS-FrameOffset can be received by the UE via higher-level signals such as system information. Alternatively, WUS-FrameOffset can be included in a wake-up signal and received by the UE.

[0270] When the PF determined by the above method is not included in the cell common PF, the paging frame can be determined based on the next cell common PF.

[0271] For example, Figure 8The embodiment illustrates the case where, assuming {PF_offset=3, T=128, N=T / 4=32, Ns=4, UE_ID mod32=1 and floor(UE_ID / 32) mod 4=1}, every 4th radio frame (e.g., SFN..., -3, 1, 5, 9, ...) is the cell common PF, with N=T / 4 and PF_offset=3. According to the embodiment, in NR, radio frames can be 0 to 1023, with the numbering repeating after radio frame 1023; therefore, the radio frame -3 described above can refer to radio frame 1021 (=-3 mod 1024).

[0272] According to an embodiment, if the paging frame (PF) determined after adding WUS-FrameOffset to the radio frame based on the received wake-up signal is 2, then the next cell common PF 5 can be determined as the PF for which the UE needs to receive the paging message. Since the PF according to the above-described prior art is determined in which {(SFN + 3) mod 128 = (128 div 32)} (UE_ID mod 32) = 4 The SFN of 1 = 4} is a radio frame of 1, 129, 257, ..., so this method allows paging to be received faster than the next PF 129.

[0273] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the UE may not expect the PFs that need to receive paging, as determined by the above method, to be excluded from the cell common PFs. For example, the UE may expect the PFs determined by the above method to always be included in the cell common PFs. Therefore, the base station can perform scheduling such that the PFs determined by the above method are always included in the cell common PFs.

[0274] The following describes in detail the method for determining the PO in the PF. According to an embodiment, the method for determining the PO in the PF can be applied whether PEI listening is enabled or disabled.

[0275] According to an embodiment, firstly, the same scheme as that used for existing UEs (e.g., conventional UEs) that do not include a wake-up receiver can be applied to the determination of POs. For example, a PO can be determined by i_s = floor(UE_ID / N) mod Ns, as an index of the PO. Here, Ns can indicate the number of POs in a PF and can be determined by higher-layer signals such as system information.

[0276] According to an embodiment, secondly, the determination of the PO can be performed by applying parameters different from those of an existing UE that does not include a wake-up receiver. For example, instead of Ns applied to an existing UE, an Ns_WUS can be introduced for a UE with a wake-up receiver. For example, the PO can be determined by i_s = floor (UE_ID / N) mod Ns_WUS as an index of the PO. Here, Ns_WUS can refer to the number of POs in a PF for each UE with a wake-up receiver and can be determined by higher-layer signals such as system information.

[0277] According to an embodiment, thirdly, the determination of the Point of Detection (PO) can be performed by applying the same method as a conventional UE that does not include a wake-up receiver, but with the addition of new parameters. For example, the PO can be determined by i_s = floor (UE_ID / N) mod Ns + WUS-offset, serving as an index of the PO. Here, Ns can refer to the number of POs in a PF and can be determined by higher-layer signals such as system information. Here, WUS-offset can indicate the offset in the time domain (e.g., the offset in OFDM symbols or subframes). According to an embodiment, the above parameters can be sent to a UE with a wake-up receiver via higher-layer signals such as system information.

[0278] In embodiments of this disclosure, the starting position (e.g., OFDM symbol or subframe position) in the time domain corresponding to the above i_s and the amount of PO resources can be sent to the UE with a wake-up receiver via a higher-layer signal including system information.

[0279] According to various embodiments of this disclosure Figures 5 to 8 The various operations or examples disclosed herein may be performed in combination with or separately from various operations according to various embodiments of this disclosure, and may not be separate necessary components.

[0280] The following describes the process of waking up the main radio when it is in a sleep state, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. According to embodiments, the operation of waking up the main radio may be performed in combination with or alone with various operations according to various embodiments of the present disclosure, and may not be a necessary component.

[0281] According to various embodiments of this disclosure, if a channel or signal exists to be transmitted to the UE, the gNB can send a wake-up signal to the UE. The UE or a wake-up receiver can receive the wake-up signal and turn on the main radio. According to embodiments, the act of receiving the wake-up signal itself can be an indication to wake up the main radio. According to embodiments, the wake-up signal can include K information bits, and information indicating the wake-up of the main radio can be mapped to these K information bits. For example, in the case where the wake-up signal includes one information bit, "1" can indicate ON, and "0" can indicate OFF.

[0282] According to the embodiment, from the perspective of gNB transmission, the timing of sending the wake-up signal before transmitting the channel or signal can be predefined. From the perspective of UE reception, the timing of receiving the wake-up signal before receiving the channel or signal can be predefined.

[0283] According to an embodiment, the UE can send information to the gNB regarding the required time offset between the transmission of the wake-up signal and the transmission of the channel / signal, and the gNB can configure the time offset between the transmission of the wake-up signal and the transmission of the channel / signal for the UE based on the received information. According to an embodiment, the UE can send this information to the gNB through a UE capability information reporting procedure, or through a random access preamble or uplink data channel during a random access procedure. Obviously, this is not limited to these methods; the UE can send the time offset information to the gNB through higher-layer signals or various other signals. The gNB can configure the time offset between the transmission of the wake-up signal and the transmission of the channel / signal for the UE through a random access response (e.g., message 2) during a random access procedure or through a downlink data channel for random access contention resolution (e.g., message 4). Obviously, this is not limited to these methods; the gNB can configure the time offset information for the UE through higher-layer signals or various other signals.

[0284] According to various embodiments of this disclosure, when the gNB has a periodic channel or periodic signal to be transmitted to the UE, the UE or wake-up receiver can turn on the main radio according to the periodic channel or periodic signal configuration information configured by the gNB, instead of the gNB sending a wake-up signal every time it has a channel or signal to be transmitted.

[0285] According to an embodiment, the gNB may transmit a wake-up signal only during the first transmission of a periodic channel or periodic signal, and may omit the transmission of the wake-up signal when the channel or signal is subsequently transmitted repeatedly. In this case, the UE or wake-up receiver may activate the main radio according to a period that follows the configuration information of the periodic channel or periodic signal configured by the gNB.

[0286] According to an embodiment, the types of periodic channels or periodic signals transmitted / received by the gNB and the UE can be predefined. According to an embodiment, the type of periodic channels or periodic signals can be configured by the gNB. The gNB can configure the type of periodic channels or periodic signals for the UE via a downlink data channel in a random access response (e.g., message 2) or random access contention resolution (e.g., message 4), or via a higher-layer signal indicating configuration information for wake-up signal reception, or via another higher-layer signal.

[0287] According to various embodiments of this disclosure, when the UE has a channel or signal to send to the gNB (e.g., Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), Scheduling Request (SR), or Buffer Status Report (BSR)), or when the UE is performing L1 / L3-based measurements, the UE or wake-up receiver may turn on the main radio regardless of the wake-up signal sent by the gNB.

[0288] According to the embodiments, for uplink transmission from the UE to the gNB or based on L1 / L3 measurements, the operation of receiving a wake-up signal and turning the UE's main radio on and off may not be required.

[0289] According to an embodiment, regardless of the type of uplink channel or uplink signal transmitted by the UE during wake-up signal reception, or whether it is based on L1 / L3. According to an embodiment, the type of uplink channel or uplink signal, or the L1 / L3-based measurement, can be configured by the base station. The base station can configure the uplink channel or uplink signal type, or the L1 / L3-based measurement, for the UE via the downlink data channel of a random access response (e.g., message 2) or random access contention resolution (e.g., message 4), or it can perform this configuration for the UE via a higher-layer signal or another higher-layer signal indicating configuration information for wake-up signal reception.

[0290] The following describes the operation of turning off the main radio when it is in an ON state, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. According to embodiments, the operation of waking up the main radio when it is in an ON state may be performed in combination with or alone with various operations according to various embodiments of the present disclosure, and may not be a necessary component.

[0291] According to various embodiments of this disclosure, if there is no channel or signal to be sent to the UE, the gNB may send a sleep signal to the UE. The UE or wake-up receiver may receive the sleep signal and turn off the main radio. According to embodiments, the act of receiving the sleep signal may itself be an instruction to put the main radio to sleep. According to embodiments, the sleep signal may be configured as a sequence separate from the wake-up signal. According to embodiments, the sleep signal may include information mapped to information in the K information bits included in the wake-up signal that corresponds to the instruction to put the main radio to sleep. For example, in the case of a single information bit, "0" may indicate OFF, and "1" may indicate ON.

[0292] According to various embodiments of this disclosure, the UE's primary radio can be turned off if configured conditions are met. According to embodiments, the conditions for configuring the primary radio may be that the primary radio fails to detect or decode a downlink control channel or a specific channel or signal within a configured time period. According to embodiments, the gNB can configure configuration information (e.g., including range and specific channel or signal information) for the UE to determine whether to turn off the primary radio via a higher-layer signal indicating configuration information for wake-up signal reception or another higher-layer signal.

[0293] According to various embodiments of this disclosure, the UE's primary radio can always be turned off after receiving a channel or signal. According to an embodiment, the primary radio can be turned off after the wake-up receiver receives a wake-up signal from the gNB, thereby activating the primary radio to receive a channel or signal. According to an embodiment, the time required to turn off the primary radio after completing a channel or signal reception can be predefined. According to an embodiment, the UE can send information about the time required to turn off the primary radio to the gNB, and the gNB can configure the required time for the UE based on the received information. According to an embodiment, the information about the required time sent by the UE can be sent to the gNB via a UE capability information reporting procedure. According to an embodiment, the information about the required time sent by the UE can be sent to the gNB via a random access preamble or an uplink data channel. Obviously, this is not limited to this; the UE can send information about the required time to the gNB via higher-layer signals. The gNB can configure information about the required transmission time for the UE via a random access response (e.g., message 2) or via a downlink data channel through random access contention resolution (e.g., message 4). Obviously, this is not limited to this; the gNB can configure information about the required time for the UE via higher-layer signals.

[0294] The following describes, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure, how to configure a connection mode DRX (C-DRX) for a UE when the UE or its primary radio is in the RRC_CONNECTED state, such that the primary radio wakes up and performs PDCCH reception in each DRX cycle. According to embodiments, when the UE or its primary radio is in the RRC_CONNECTED state, the UE (or primary radio) can be configured to receive a signal indicating whether the UE needs to receive PDCCH in the next DRX cycle.

[0295] According to an embodiment, when the primary radio is in the RRC_IDLE / RRC_INACTIVE state, an idle mode DRX (I-DRX) can be configured for the UE, causing the primary radio to wake up and receive the paging PDCCH in each paging cycle. According to an embodiment, when the primary radio is in the RRC_CONNECTED state, the UE (or primary radio) can be configured to receive a signal indicating whether the UE needs to receive the paging PDCCH in the next paging cycle.

[0296] The following describes embodiments of the procedures performed by the wake-up receiver regarding the UE when, in the case of coexistence of ON / OFF operation instructing the wake-up receiver and the master radio to receive a wake-up signal, and operation following a C-DRX or I-DRX configuration, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. According to the embodiments, the operation of the UE or the UE's master radio associated with the RRC_CONNECTED / IDLE / INACTIVE state may be performed in combination with or separately from various operations according to various embodiments of the present disclosure, and may not be a necessary component.

[0297] According to various embodiments of this disclosure, when a UE with a wake-up receiver performs operations such as receiving a wake-up signal and turning the UE's primary radio on and off, the UE may not perform C-DRX or I-DRX configuration and operations following such configuration. In this case, instead of performing C-DRX or I-DRX configuration and operations following such configuration, the UE may wake up the UE's primary radio only upon receiving a wake-up signal indicating that the primary radio should be woken up, and may receive the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) and Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) defined or configured to be received in the C-DRX or I-DRX, respectively.

[0298] According to an embodiment, when the UE or its primary radio is in the RRC_CONNECTED state, and when the wake-up receiver performs an operation configured or activated by the gNB, the UE can turn on the primary radio upon receiving a wake-up signal instructing the wake-up receiver to wake up the primary radio, and can perform operations related to C-DRX configured by the gNB (e.g., the primary radio receives the PDCCH within the drx_onDurationTimer of each DRX cycle). According to an embodiment, the UE (or primary radio) may not perform operations configured to receive signals indicating whether the UE needs to receive the PDCCH in the next DRX cycle (e.g., DCI format 2_6). According to an embodiment, when the UE or its primary radio is in the RRC_IDLE / INACTIVE state, and when the wake-up receiver performs an operation configured or activated by the gNB, the UE can turn on the primary radio upon receiving a wake-up signal instructing the wake-up receiver to wake up the primary radio, and can perform operations related to I-DRX configured by the gNB (e.g., the primary radio wakes up and receives the paging PDCCH in each paging cycle). According to an embodiment, the UE (or main radio) may not perform the operation of being configured to receive a signal (e.g., DCI format 2_7) indicating whether the UE must receive the paging PDCCH in the next paging cycle.

[0299] According to embodiments, instead of operations related to C-DRX or I-DRX configuration, the UE can perform operations related to waking up the main radio based on the wake-up receiver and wake-up signal, and shutting down the main radio, according to various embodiments of this disclosure. If the wake-up receiver performs an operation to be deactivated by the gNB, the operations related to C-DRX or I-DRX configured by the gNB can be performed again.

[0300] According to various embodiments of this disclosure, when the UE's wake-up receiver performs an operation configured or activated by the gNB, and when the UE or wake-up receiver receives a wake-up signal that enables the primary radio, the UE can transition to an RRC_CONNECTED state, an RRC_IDLE state, or an RRC_INACTIVE state. According to embodiments, the state to which the UE can transition can be predefined, or it can be determined by higher-layer signals from the gNB regarding wake-up receiver operation configuration, or by separate higher-layer signals.

[0301] According to an embodiment, as an example of a predefined UE transition-related information scenario, the state of the primary radio may follow the state immediately preceding the last power-on and power-off before the current power-on. According to another embodiment, as an example of a predefined UE transition-related information scenario, the state of the primary radio may not be affected by wake-up receiver operation configuration and activation / deactivation. For example, the state of the primary radio may be determined solely by a higher-layer signal indicating at least one of RRC_CONNECTED, RRC_IDLE, or RRC_INACTIVE, and the UE may determine that the state of the primary radio has not been changed by wake-up receiver operation configuration and activation / deactivation.

[0302] According to an embodiment, the wake-up signal may include K information bits, and information about which of the following states the master radio should transition to: RRC_CONNECTED, RRC_IDLE, or RRC_INACTIVE, may be mapped to the K information bits.

[0303] According to embodiments, when the UE or its primary radio is in the RRC_CONNECTED state, based on the determined UE state, the primary radio can be woken up in each DRX cycle via C-DRX configured by the gNB to receive the PDCCH, or the UE (or primary radio) can be configured by the gNB to receive a signal indicating whether the UE needs to receive the PDCCH in the next DRX cycle. According to embodiments, when the UE performs the operation of shutting down the primary radio according to various embodiments while receiving the PDCCH (e.g., within PDCCH reception range), the UE may preferentially perform the process of shutting down the primary radio.

[0304] According to embodiments, when the UE or its primary radio is in RRC_IDLE / INACTIVE state, the primary radio can be woken up in each paging cycle via I-DRX configured by the gNB to receive the paging PDCCH. The UE (or primary radio) can be configured by the gNB to receive a signal indicating whether the UE needs to receive the paging PDCCH in the next paging cycle. When performing the operation of shutting down the primary radio according to various embodiments while the UE receives the paging PDCCH (e.g., within the paging PDCCH reception range), the UE may prioritize performing the process of shutting down the primary radio.

[0305] According to various embodiments of this disclosure, the operations of the UE (or main radio) described above can be performed regardless of the order, and the entity performing the operations can obviously be either the UE or the main radio.

[0306] Figure 9 This is an operational flowchart of a UE with a wake-up receiver receiving a PEI according to various embodiments of this disclosure. More specifically, Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of a UE with a wake-up receiver enabling and disabling PEI, receiving PEI, and paging, according to various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0307] In operation 910, the UE may receive a wake-up enable signal from the base station to receive a wake-up signal via the wake-up receiver. Alternatively, the UE may receive a wake-up disable signal from the base station, which prohibits continued reception of the wake-up signal via the wake-up receiver. According to an embodiment, the UE may receive information from the base station required to receive the wake-up signal. According to an embodiment, the UE may receive signals from the base station indicating whether to use the wake-up receiver or regarding configuration for receiving the wake-up signal. Furthermore, the UE may receive information from the base station required to enable or disable PEI eavesdropping, information related to PEI reception, and information required for paging reception.

[0308] In operation 920, according to embodiments of the present disclosure, the UE can receive a wake-up signal, determine whether PEI monitoring is enabled or disabled, and receive a paging message after receiving the PEI message, depending on whether PEI monitoring is enabled or disabled. According to embodiments, the UE can determine whether PEI monitoring is enabled or disabled, and receive the PEI message based on this determination. According to embodiments, when the wake-up receiver is configured or enabled and turned on to be able to find and receive the wake-up signal, the UE can receive a paging message in the PF / PO according to the various embodiments of the present disclosure described above. According to embodiments, when the wake-up receiver is not configured or disabled, the UE can receive a paging message in the PF / PO determined based on the UE's existing paging reception scheme.

[0309] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of a base station transmitting PEI according to various embodiments of this disclosure. More specifically, Figure 10This is an operation flowchart of a base station transmitting PEI and paging according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0310] In operation 1010, the base station may send a wake-up enable signal to the UE to receive the wake-up signal via a wake-up receiver. Alternatively, the base station may send a wake-up disable signal to the UE, which prohibits continued reception of the wake-up signal via the wake-up receiver. According to an embodiment, the base station may send the UE information required to receive the wake-up signal. According to an embodiment, the base station may send the UE a signal indicating whether to use the wake-up receiver or a configuration for receiving the wake-up signal. Furthermore, according to an embodiment, the base station may send the UE information required to enable or disable PEI eavesdropping, information related to PEI reception, and information required to receive paging. According to an embodiment, the base station may send the UE information required to receive paging.

[0311] In operation 1020, the base station may transmit PEI and paging according to the various embodiments of the present disclosure described above. According to embodiments, when the wake-up receiver is configured or enabled and activated to find and transmit a wake-up signal so that the UE can receive the wake-up signal, the base station may transmit PEI according to the various embodiments of the present disclosure. Furthermore, according to embodiments, the base station may transmit paging in the PF / PO according to the various embodiments of the present disclosure. According to embodiments, when the base station has not configured a wake-up receiver for the UE or has configured the wake-up receiver to be disabled, the base station may transmit paging in the PF / PO determined based on the UE's existing paging reception scheme.

[0312] Figure 11 The functional structure of a UE according to various embodiments of this disclosure is shown.

[0313] refer to Figure 11 The UE may include a radio frequency (RF) processor 1110, a baseband processor 1120, a memory 1130, and a controller 1140.

[0314] RF processor 1110 can perform functions for transmitting and receiving signals via a wireless channel, such as signal band conversion and amplification. That is, RF processor 1110 can up-convert a baseband signal provided by baseband processor 1120 to an RF band signal and transmit that signal via an antenna, and can down-convert an RF band signal received via the antenna back to a baseband signal. For example, RF processor 1110 may include a transmit filter, receive filter, amplifier, mixer, oscillator, digital-to-analog converter (DAC), analog-to-digital converter (ADC), etc. Although Figure 11Only one antenna is shown, but the UE may include multiple antennas. Furthermore, the RF processor 1110 may include multiple RF chains. Additionally, the RF processor 1110 can perform beamforming. For beamforming, the RF processor 1110 can adjust the phase and amplitude of each signal transmitted and received through multiple antennas or antenna elements. Furthermore, the RF processor can perform MIMO and can receive multiple layers when performing MIMO operation.

[0315] The baseband processor 1120 can perform conversion functions between baseband signals and bit strings according to the physical layer specifications of the system. For example, during data transmission, the baseband processor 1120 can encode and modulate the transmitted bit string to generate complex symbols. Furthermore, during data reception, the baseband processor 1120 can recover the received bit stream by demodulating and decoding the baseband signal provided from the RF processor 1110. For example, when following an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) scheme, during data transmission, the baseband processor 1120 can encode and modulate the transmitted bit string to generate complex symbols, map the complex symbols to subcarriers, and configure OFDM symbols through inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) operations and cyclic prefix (CP) insertion. Furthermore, in the case of data reception, the baseband processor 1120 can segment the baseband signal provided from the RF processor 1110 at the OFDM symbol level, recover the signal mapped to the subcarriers through fast Fourier transform (FFT) operations, and recover the received bit string through demodulation and decoding.

[0316] The baseband processor 1120 and RF processor 1110 can transmit and receive signals as described above. Therefore, the baseband processor 1120 and RF processor 1110 can be referred to as a transmitter, receiver, transceiver, or communication unit. Furthermore, at least one of the baseband processor 1120 and RF processor 1110 may include multiple communication modules to support multiple different radio access technologies. Additionally, at least one of the baseband processor 1120 and RF processor 1110 may include different communication modules to process signals in different frequency bands. For example, different radio access technologies may include wireless local area networks (LANs) (e.g., IEEE 802.11), cellular networks (e.g., LTE), etc. Furthermore, different frequency bands may include ultra-high frequency (SHF) bands (e.g., 2 GHz) and millimeter wave (mmWave) bands (e.g., 60 GHz).

[0317] Memory 1130 stores basic programs, applications, and data (such as configuration information) for UE operation. Specifically, memory 1130 may store information related to a second access node performing wireless communication using a second radio access technology. Furthermore, memory 1130 provides stored data upon request from controller 1140.

[0318] The controller (or control unit) 1140 controls the overall operation of the UE. For example, the controller 1140 can send / receive signals via the baseband processor 1120 and the RF processor 1110. Furthermore, the controller 1140 records data in and reads data from the memory 1130. For this purpose, the controller 1140 may include at least one processor. For example, the controller 1140 may include a communication processor (CP) configured to perform communication control and an application processor (AP) configured to control upper-layer applications such as applications. The controller 1140 may further include a multi-connection processor 1142 capable of executing and processing multiple connections between the memory 1130 and the baseband processor 1120.

[0319] Figure 12 The functional structure of a base station according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0320] like Figure 12 As shown, the base station includes an RF processor 1210, a baseband processor 1220, a backhaul communication unit 1230, a memory 1240, and a controller 1250.

[0321] RF processor 1210 can perform functions for transmitting and receiving signals via a wireless channel, such as signal band conversion and amplification. That is, RF processor 1210 can up-convert a baseband signal provided by baseband processor 1220 into an RF band signal, which can be transmitted via an antenna, and can down-convert an RF band signal received via the antenna back into a baseband signal. For example, RF processor 1210 may include a transmit filter, a receive filter, an amplifier, a mixer, an oscillator, a DAC, and an ADC. Although... Figure 12 Only one antenna is shown, but the first access node may include multiple antennas. Furthermore, the RF processor 1210 may include multiple RF chains. Additionally, the RF processor 1210 can perform beamforming. For beamforming, the RF processor 1210 can adjust the phase and amplitude of each signal transmitted and received through multiple antennas or antenna elements. The RF processor can transmit one or more layers to perform downlink MIMO operation.

[0322] The baseband processor 1220 can perform conversion functions between baseband signals and bit strings according to the physical layer specifications of a first radio access technology. For example, during data transmission, the baseband processor 1220 can encode and modulate the transmitted bit string to generate complex symbols. Furthermore, during data reception, the baseband processor 1220 can recover the received bit stream by demodulating and decoding the baseband signal provided from the RF processor 1210. For example, when following an OFDM scheme, during data transmission, the baseband processor 1220 can encode and modulate the transmitted bit string to generate complex symbols, map the complex symbols to subcarriers, and configure OFDM symbols via IFFT operations and CP insertion. Furthermore, during data reception, the baseband processor 1220 can segment the baseband signal provided from the RF processor 1210 at the OFDM symbol level, recover the signal mapped to the subcarriers via FFT operations, and recover the received bit string via demodulation and decoding. The baseband processor 1220 and the RF processor 1210 can transmit and receive signals as described above. Therefore, the baseband processor 1220 and the RF processor 1210 can be referred to as a transmitter, receiver, transceiver, communication unit, or wireless communication unit.

[0323] The backhaul communication unit 1230 provides an interface for communicating with other nodes in the network. That is, the backhaul communication unit 1230 can convert bit strings sent from the main base station to other nodes (e.g., auxiliary base stations, core network) into physical signals, and can convert physical signals received from other nodes into bit strings.

[0324] The memory 1240 may store basic programs, applications, and data (such as configuration information) for the operation of the main base station. Specifically, the memory 1240 may store information about bearers assigned to connected UEs, measurement results reported from connected UEs, etc. Furthermore, the memory 1240 may store information used to determine whether to provide multiple connections to a UE or suspend multiple connections. Additionally, the memory 1240 may provide stored data upon request from the controller 1250.

[0325] The controller (or control unit) 1250 controls the overall operation of the main base station. For example, the controller 1250 can send / receive signals via the baseband processor 1220 and RF processor 1210 or via the backhaul communication unit 1230. Furthermore, the controller 1250 records data in and reads data from the memory 1240. For this purpose, the controller 1250 may include at least one processor. The controller 1250 may further include a multi-connection processor 1252 capable of executing and processing multiple connections between the memory 1240, the backhaul communication unit 1230, and the baseband processor 1220.

[0326] The methods disclosed in the claims or the methods of the embodiments described in this disclosure may be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software.

[0327] When the method is implemented in software, a computer-readable storage medium may be provided for storing one or more programs (software modules). The one or more programs stored in the computer-readable storage medium may be configured to be executed by one or more processors in an electronic device. The at least one program includes instructions to cause the electronic device to perform the methods as described in the appended claims and / or the various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0328] These programs (software modules or software) may be stored in non-volatile memory, including random access memory and flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), magnetic disk storage devices, optical disc-ROM (CD-ROM), digital versatile optical disc (DVD), or other types of optical storage devices or magnetic tape. Alternatively, any combination of some or all of them may form a memory storing programs. Furthermore, electronic devices may include multiple such memories.

[0329] Furthermore, the program can be stored on an attachable storage device accessible via communication networks such as the Internet, intranets, local area networks (LANs), wide area LANs (WLANs), and storage area networks (SANs), or any combination thereof. Such storage devices can access electronic devices via external ports. Additionally, separate storage devices on communication networks can access portable electronic devices.

[0330] In the accompanying drawings describing the methods of this disclosure, the order of description does not necessarily correspond to the order of operation execution, the order of operations may be changed, or the operations may be executed in parallel.

[0331] Alternatively, some elements may be omitted in the accompanying drawings describing the methods of this disclosure, and only some elements may be included without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure.

[0332] Furthermore, in the methods of this disclosure, some or all of the elements of each embodiment may be combined and implemented without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure.

[0333] Various embodiments of this disclosure have been described above. The above description is for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the embodiments of this disclosure to those set forth herein. Those skilled in the art will understand that other specific modifications and changes can be readily made to the form of this disclosure without altering its technical concept or essential characteristics. The scope of this disclosure is defined by the appended claims rather than the detailed description above, and should be construed as including all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents.

[0334] In the detailed embodiments of this disclosure described above, the components included in this disclosure are represented in singular or plural form according to the presented detailed embodiments. However, the singular or plural expressions are forms chosen for ease of description and suitability for the presentation scenario, and this disclosure is not limited to singular or plural components. Therefore, components expressed in plural form may also consist of a singular component, and components expressed in singular form may also consist of a plural component.

[0335] Although specific embodiments have been described in the detailed description of this disclosure, it will be apparent that various modifications and changes can be made thereto without departing from the scope of this disclosure. For example, part or all of one embodiment may be combined with part or all of one or more other embodiments, and such combinations naturally correspond to the embodiments set forth in this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of this disclosure should not be defined as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but should be defined as the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0336] Although specific embodiments have been described in the detailed description of this disclosure, it will be apparent that various modifications and changes can be made thereto without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of this disclosure should not be defined as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, the UE comprising: transceiver; as well as A controller, coupled to the transceiver, is configured to: Receive a wake-up signal WUS from the base station indicating the first subgroup of multiple UEs; When paging advance indication PEI monitoring is activated, the base station receives a PEI indicating a second subgroup of multiple UEs. as well as Receive a paging message from the base station. The UE is included in either the first subgroup or the second subgroup.

2. The UE according to claim 1, wherein, When the PEI monitoring is activated, the first subgroup is included in the second subgroup.

3. The UE according to claim 1, wherein, If the PEI monitoring is deactivated, the UE is included in the first subgroup.

4. The UE according to claim 1, in, The PEI is received after a WUS frame offset from the frame from which the WUS is received, and The paging is received after a PEI frame offset from the frame from which the PEI is received.

5. A base station in a wireless communication system, the base station comprising: transceiver; as well as A controller, coupled to the transceiver, is configured to: Send a wake-up signal WUS indicating the first subgroup of multiple UEs to the user equipment (UE); When paging advance indication PEI monitoring is activated, a PEI indicating a second subgroup of multiple UEs is sent to the UE; as well as Send a paging message to the UE. The UE is included in either the first subgroup or the second subgroup.

6. The base station according to claim 5, wherein, When the PEI monitoring is activated, the first subgroup is included in the second subgroup.

7. The base station according to claim 5, wherein, If the PEI monitoring is deactivated, the UE is included in the first subgroup.

8. The base station according to claim 5, in, The PEI is transmitted after the WUS frame offset from the frame from which the WUS was transmitted, and The paging is sent after a PEI frame offset from the frame from which the PEI was sent.

9. A method performed by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: Receive a wake-up signal WUS from the base station indicating the first subgroup of multiple UEs; When paging advance indication PEI monitoring is activated, the base station receives a PEI indicating a second subgroup of multiple UEs. as well as Receive a paging message from the base station. The UE is included in either the first subgroup or the second subgroup.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein, When the PEI monitoring is activated, the first subgroup is included in the second subgroup.

11. The method according to claim 9, wherein, If the PEI monitoring is deactivated, the UE is included in the first subgroup.

12. The method according to claim 9, in, The PEI is received after a WUS frame offset from the frame from which the WUS is received, and The paging is received after a PEI frame offset from the frame from which the PEI is received.

13. A method performed by a base station in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: Send a wake-up signal WUS indicating the first subgroup of multiple UEs to the user equipment (UE); When paging advance indication PEI monitoring is activated, a PEI indicating a second subgroup of multiple UEs is sent to the UE; as well as Send a paging message to the UE. The UE is included in either the first subgroup or the second subgroup.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein, When the PEI monitoring is activated, the first subgroup is included in the second subgroup.

15. The method according to claim 13, wherein, If the PEI monitoring is deactivated, the UE is included in the first subgroup.

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