Pest trapping and monitoring device capable of adjusting spectrum

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pest trapping and monitoring, and discloses a pest trapping and monitoring device capable of carrying out spectrum adjusting.The pest trapping and monitoring device comprises a trapping box installed on a vertical rod, an air guide assembly is further arranged in the trapping box and comprises an annular air guide ring arranged on the top layer, and an air guide nozzle inclining downwards is arranged on the annular air guide ring; the annular air guide ring is downwards communicated with an air bin, a smell source is arranged in the air bin, the air bin of the air guide assembly is communicated with an air pump, the air pump is connected with a spectrum adjusting controller of the trapping light source in a controlled mode, and the spectrum and the airflow velocity are adjusted according to the types of pests needing to be attracted. Precise attraction, efficient capture and long-term stable monitoring of target pests are realized through cooperative cooperation of spectrum adjustment and annular wind guide capable of adjusting the flow speed; the problems that an existing spectrum adjusting trapping device neglects pest airflow tropism, smell transmission efficiency is low, the trapping rate is insufficient, and due to the fact that a light-transmitting cover is prone to dust accumulation, trapping pertinence is poor, and stability is weak are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of pest trapping and monitoring, in particular to a pest trapping and monitoring device capable of spectrum adjustment. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the fields of agriculture, forestry, etc., pest control and monitoring, the trapping and monitoring device is a key equipment for realizing pest population dynamic tracking and precise control. The core principle is to use the phototaxis and chemotaxis of pests to attract pests and complete capture, counting or sample collection.

[0003] In the prior art, there are trapping devices with spectrum adjustment function. By adjusting the spectrum parameters of the trapping light source, the phototaxis preference of different types of pests is adapted to improve the attraction targeting of target pests. At the same time, some devices are also equipped with odor sources (such as host plant volatiles and pest sex pheromones) to further enhance the trapping effect by using chemotaxis. A pest killing assembly, a camera assembly and a collection structure are arranged below the trapping assembly to realize subsequent processing and monitoring data collection after capture.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned existing device still has many deficiencies in actual application, which limits the trapping efficiency and monitoring accuracy: It ignores the behavior characteristics of some pests (especially migratory pests such as rice planthoppers and fall armyworms). The activity and distribution of such pests are not only affected by spectrum and odor, but also have obvious tendency to environmental air flow gradient. The existing device does not have an adaptive air flow adjustment structure, so it cannot match the flight ability of pests by air flow assistance and guide them to move to the trapping core area, resulting in limited attraction effect of target pests; The odor signal transmission efficiency of the odor source is low, lacks directional air flow guidance, and the odor is easy to diffuse and lose, making it difficult to form a stable odor concentration gradient, and the pests are difficult to accurately locate the trapping source, further reducing the trapping targeting; After the pests are attracted by the light source or odor, the impact force is insufficient when they hit the light-transmitting cover outside the trapping assembly, and some pests may escape without successfully falling into the pest killing assembly. At the same time, the pests that have not hit successfully are easy to escape by turning back along the light-transmitting cover. The existing device lacks effective escape blocking structure, resulting in low capture rate; The trapping device is exposed to the field environment for a long time, and the surface of the light-transmitting cover is easy to accumulate dust, feces and other impurities. The existing device does not have a self-cleaning structure, and the accumulation of dust will significantly reduce the light transmission, thereby affecting the spectrum propagation effect of the trapping light source, resulting in continuous decline of the subsequent trapping efficiency.

[0005] In summary, existing pest trapping and monitoring devices with spectral adjustment functions fail to organically combine spectral adjustment with airflow control, odor guidance, escape blocking, and light-transmitting cover cleaning functions. As a result, they suffer from problems such as insufficient targeting, low capture rate, and poor long-term stability, making it difficult to meet the actual needs of accurate monitoring and efficient trapping. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a spectrally adjustable pest trapping and monitoring device. By coordinating spectral adjustment with an adjustable flow rate annular air guide, combined with odor source directional guidance, escape blocking, and the self-cleaning function of the light-transmitting cover, it achieves precise attraction, efficient capture, and long-term stable monitoring of target pests. This solves the problems of existing spectrally adjustable trapping devices, such as ignoring the airflow directionality of pests, low odor transmission efficiency, insufficient capture rate, and poor trapping targeting and weak stability caused by dust accumulation in the light-transmitting cover.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A spectrally adjustable pest trapping and monitoring device includes a trapping box mounted on a pole. The trapping box has a trapping component at its top layer for attracting pests. The trapping component includes an internal spectrally adjustable trapping light source and an externally encased high-transparency glass cover. Insects fall into the trapping component after impacting the glass cover. A conveyor belt is located below the trapping component, and a camera component is positioned above the conveyor belt to capture and upload photos of the insects. A collection box is located below the end of the camera component. The trapping box also includes an air guide component, which includes an annular air guide ring at its top layer. The annular air guide ring has downward-sloping air nozzles and is connected to an air chamber containing an odor source. The air chamber of the air guide component is connected to an air pump, which is connected to a spectral adjustment controller for the trapping light source. The spectrum and airflow rate are adjusted according to the type of pest attracted.

[0008] Preferably, the air chamber includes a transfer chamber, a volatilization chamber, and an air inlet chamber that are sequentially connected to each other. The air inlet chamber is connected to an air pump, and the transfer chamber is connected to an annular air guide ring. A detachable filter element mechanism is provided inside the volatilization chamber, and the odor source is located inside the filter element mechanism. A heating mechanism for heating the filter element mechanism is also provided on the volatilization chamber, and the heating temperature of the heating mechanism is adjustable. The filter element mechanism includes multiple filter plates with gaps. A volatilization block is provided in the gaps between the filter plates. The volatilization block includes a solidified carrier and an active odor component. The active odor component is a volatile substance that is attracted to target pests. The solidified carrier adsorbs or carries the active odor component to form a block, granular, or sheet-like structure that can be embedded in the filter plates of the air chamber. Under heating conditions, the solidified carrier promotes the stable volatilization of the active odor component, forming an insect-attracting odor band with the airflow.

[0009] Preferably, the insecticidal assembly includes an insecticidal chamber with a funnel above it. The funnel is funnel-shaped, with the funnel's constricted opening inserted into the top of the insecticidal chamber. The insecticidal chamber is an inverted cone shape, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The outer side of the top of the insecticidal chamber is close to the heating mechanism, and the top of the insecticidal chamber is higher than the lowest point of the funnel's constricted opening. An exhaust vent is provided on the top of the insecticidal chamber, and the bottom of the insecticidal chamber has an inwardly rolled, funnel-shaped edge that tapers inward. The insecticidal assembly also includes a far-infrared insecticidal lamp located at the central axis inside the insecticidal chamber. The bottom of the far-infrared insecticidal lamp is fixedly mounted on the top of a vertically extendable lamp holder. The lamp holder has a frustum-shaped inclined surface on its side, and an installation cylinder is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the lamp holder. A gap is left between the inner wall of the installation cylinder and the outer wall of the lamp holder.

[0010] Preferably, the annular air guide ring includes multiple vertical pipes disposed at the corners and multiple horizontal pipes connected between the multiple vertical pipes, and the air guide nozzle is disposed at a position slightly below the inner side of the horizontal pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the solidification carrier includes at least one of an adsorption carrier and an adhesive carrier; the adsorption carrier is selected from one or more of porous ceramics, diatomaceous earth, activated carbon fiber felt, and polymer adsorption resin; the adhesive carrier is selected from one or more of paraffin wax, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and polyvinyl alcohol.

[0012] Preferably, the mounting cylinder is provided with an insect guide plate, which is an inclined slope. The side of the insect guide plate near the end of the conveyor belt is higher than the side of the insect guide plate near the beginning of the conveyor belt. The insect guide plate has a through opening at its lowest point on the side near the beginning of the conveyor belt. The camera assembly is located at the bottom of the lamp holder. The fixing post inside the mounting cylinder for fixing the lamp holder is located at a position offset from the opening of the insect guide plate.

[0013] Preferably, the top of the pole is also provided with a solar power generation component for providing power, and the middle of the pole is also provided with a control cabinet for connecting and controlling the trapping box. The pole is also provided with a signal transmitting component and a wind speed sensing component that are electrically connected to the control cabinet.

[0014] Preferably, the funnel is made of a light-transmitting material.

[0015] Preferably, the camera assembly includes a high-definition industrial camera, a supplementary lighting module, and an image acquisition controller. The lens of the high-definition industrial camera faces the upper surface of the conveyor belt. The supplementary lighting module is an adjustable-brightness LED cold light source. The image acquisition controller is electrically connected to the control cabinet and is linked to the drive motor of the conveyor belt.

[0016] Preferably, the inner wall of the insecticidal chamber is provided with a reflective coating, which is a far-infrared reflective ceramic coating; the inner wall of the reflective coating is provided with uniformly distributed micro-convex structures, which are hemispherical or pyramidal, to convert the direct light emitted by the far-infrared insecticidal lamp into diffuse reflected light, thereby reducing the temperature field uniformity error inside the insecticidal chamber.

[0017] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a pest trapping and monitoring device with spectral adjustment capability, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This spectrally adjustable pest trapping and monitoring device, by setting up an adjustable-flow-rate annular air guide ring and an adjustable-spectrum trapping light source, addresses two key issues. First, the phototaxis of different pests is not only related to the spectrum, but some migratory pests (such as rice planthoppers and fall armyworms) also exhibit a tendency towards airflow gradients. Based on the target pest species, the device can adjust the spectrum while matching a specific wind speed. The airflow speed does not directly attract pests, but rather influences their distribution by adapting to their flight capabilities and assisting them in fulfilling their behavioral needs. Pests will be more inclined to move within areas where the airflow speed is suitable for their flight path. Second, by setting up an odor source in the air chamber, pests can be attracted by the airflow. The insects are located by carrying host odors (such as rice volatiles) or by airflow disturbances around the light source. Airflow at a specific speed can transmit odor signals more efficiently, and the resulting airflow gradient can serve as a spatial reference, guiding pests toward the core area of ​​the light source. Furthermore, the airflow generated by the annular air guide ring enhances the impact force of the insects hitting the glass, increasing the capture rate. Finally, after the insects fall after hitting the high-transparency glass cover, the downward airflow formed by the annular air guide ring creates an airflow barrier at the inlet of the insect-killing component, preventing insects that failed to hit the glass from escaping upwards. It also has a dust-removing effect on the high-transparency glass cover, preventing dust accumulation from affecting light transmittance.

[0018] 2. This spectrally adjustable pest trapping and monitoring device incorporates volatile volatile blocks within its filter mechanism and a heating mechanism for heating the filter mechanism. This design serves several purposes: firstly, heating the volatile blocks controls the evaporation rate, thereby regulating the concentration of odor molecules in the airflow, and preheating the insect-killing components with the heated airflow; secondly, the heating mechanism's proximity to the outer side of the insect-killing components allows for coordinated heating, improving insect-killing efficiency; thirdly, the heating mechanism prevents moisture and mold in the air chamber, extending the shelf life of the volatile blocks; fourthly, the filter mechanism achieves both filtration and odor evaporation; finally, before entering the volatile chamber, the airflow from the intake chamber is buffered at the bottom of the intake chamber and then slowly passes through the filter mechanism of the volatile chamber. The transfer chamber temporarily stores the odor-carrying airflow, preventing fluctuations in odor concentration caused by sudden changes in external airflow (such as unstable intake due to gusts). Even in the event of short-term strong winds in the field, the three-layer air chamber structure can counteract airflow disturbances.

[0019] 3. By setting up an inverted cone-shaped insect-killing chamber and placing the far-infrared insect-killing lamp at the central axis position inside the chamber, it can achieve several advantages. First, the far-infrared insect-killing lamp, located in the middle, can improve heating uniformity and disperse the air blown in from the top. Second, the inverted cone shape can better transfer heat upwards, improving heating uniformity and preventing pests from escaping. Third, the airflow is dispersed to the surrounding areas and then discharged from the top, forming a circular airflow circulation inside the chamber, which can prevent insects from accumulating at the bottom and make heating more uniform. Finally, the inverted cone structure can accommodate the coordinated heating of the heating mechanism.

[0020] 4. This spectrally adjustable pest trapping and monitoring device uses an installation cylinder on the outside of the lamp holder and an insect guide plate inside the installation cylinder. On the one hand, the installation cylinder serves to fix and support the lamp holder and prevent insects from falling outwards, ensuring that the insects fall accurately onto the conveyor belt. On the other hand, the insect guide plate not only ensures that the insects fall accurately to the center of the conveyor belt, but also prevents the insects from interfering with the fixing posts used to fix the lamp holder during their fall, thus ensuring the integrity and uniform distribution of the insects. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from another perspective.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the trapping box of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the trapping box of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the trapping box of the present invention after the shell has been removed.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a half-sectional view of the trapping box of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wind guide component of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the wind-guiding component of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the annular air guide ring of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a half-sectional view of the filter element mechanism of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the funnel and insect-killing component of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 12 This is a half-sectional view of the funnel and insect-killing component of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting cylinder and lamp holder of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 14 This is a structural schematic diagram of the mounting cylinder and lamp holder of the present invention from another angle.

[0035] In the diagram: 11. Pole; 12. Solar power generation module; 13. Control cabinet; 14. Trapping box; 3. Trapping components; 31. Trapping light source; 32. High-transparency glass cover; 4. Air guide assembly; 41. Air intake chamber; 42. Evaporation chamber; 43. Transfer chamber; 44. Annular air guide ring; 45. Filter element mechanism; 46. Heating mechanism; 441. Air guide nozzle; 451. Filter plate; 452. Evaporation block; 5. Insect-killing components; 51. Insect-killing chamber; 52. Far-infrared insect-killing lamp; 53. Lamp holder; 54. Mounting cylinder; 511. Exhaust vent; 512. Funnel-shaped inward rolled edge; 541. Insect guide plate; 531. Frustum-shaped inclined surface; 6. Conveyor belt; 7. Collection box; 8. Funnel; 9. Camera assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0038] In addition, a fixed connection refers to a connection in which parts or components are fixed and there is no relative movement; a transmission connection refers to a connection in which mechanical motion or torque is transmitted to other working parts through a transmission component; a sliding connection refers to a connection in which two objects are in contact but not fixed and can slide relative to each other; and a rotational connection refers to a connection in which two objects are in contact but not fixed and can rotate relative to each other.

[0039] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0040] Example 1: This embodiment provides a pest trapping and monitoring device with spectral adjustment capability, which has the following technical features.

[0041] Please see Figures 1-14 A spectrally adjustable pest trapping and monitoring device includes a trapping box 14 mounted on a pole 11. The trapping box 14 has a trapping component 3 at its top for attracting pests. The trapping component 3 includes an internal spectrally adjustable trapping light source 31 and an externally encased high-transparency glass cover 32. Insects fall into a pest-killing component 5 after impacting the high-transparency glass cover 32. A conveyor belt 6 is located below the pest-killing component 5, and a camera component 9 is located above the conveyor belt 6 for capturing and uploading photos of the insects. A collection box 7 is located below the end of the camera component 9. The trapping box 14 is also equipped with a wind guide component 4, which includes an annular wind guide ring 44 on the top layer. The annular wind guide ring 44 is equipped with a downward-sloping air guide nozzle 441. The annular wind guide ring 44 is connected to an air chamber, which contains an odor source. The air chamber of the wind guide component 4 is connected to an air pump. The air pump is connected to the spectrum adjustment controller of the trapping light source 31 and is controlled together to adjust the spectrum and airflow speed according to the type of pests to be attracted.

[0042] This spectrally adjustable pest trapping and monitoring device, by setting up an adjustable-flow-rate annular air guide ring 44 and an adjustable-spectrum trapping light source 31, addresses two key aspects. Firstly, the phototaxis of different pests is not only related to the spectrum; some migratory pests, such as rice planthoppers and fall armyworms, also exhibit a tendency towards airflow gradients. Based on the target pest species, the device can adjust the spectrum while matching a specific wind speed. The airflow speed does not directly attract pests but influences their distribution by adapting to their flight capabilities and assisting them in fulfilling their behavioral needs. Pests will be more inclined to move within areas where their flight speed is suitable. Secondly, by setting up an odor source in the air chamber, pests can be attracted by the parasites carried by the airflow. The main odor, such as rice volatiles or airflow disturbances around the light source, locates the target. Airflow at a specific speed can transmit odor signals more efficiently, and the resulting airflow gradient can serve as a spatial reference, guiding pests to move towards the core area of ​​the light source. Furthermore, the airflow generated by the annular air guide ring 44 enhances the impact force of the insects hitting the glass, increasing the capture rate. Finally, after the insects fall after hitting the high-transparency glass cover 32, the downward airflow formed by the annular air guide ring 44 will form an airflow barrier at the inlet of the insect-killing component 5, preventing the insects that failed to hit the glass from escaping upwards. It will also have the effect of removing dust from the high-transparency glass cover 32, preventing dust accumulation from affecting the light transmittance.

[0043] In an optional embodiment, the air chamber includes a transfer chamber 43, an evaporation chamber 42, and an air inlet chamber 41 that are connected in sequence. The air inlet chamber 41 is connected to an air pump. The transfer chamber 43 is connected to an annular air guide ring 44. A detachable filter element mechanism 45 is provided inside the evaporation chamber 42. An odor source is provided inside the filter element mechanism 45. A heating mechanism 46 for heating the filter element mechanism 45 is also provided on the evaporation chamber 42. The heating temperature of the heating mechanism 46 is adjustable. The filter element mechanism 45 includes multiple filter inserts 451 with gaps. A volatile block 452 is disposed in the gap between the filter inserts 451. The volatile block 452 includes a solidified carrier and an active odor component. The active odor component is a volatile substance that is attracted to the target pest. The solidified carrier adsorbs or carries the active odor component to form a block, granular or sheet structure that can be embedded in the air chamber filter insert. Under heating conditions, the solidified carrier promotes the stable volatilization of the active odor component and forms an insect-attracting odor band with the airflow.

[0044] This spectrally adjustable pest trapping and monitoring device incorporates a volatile evaporation block 452 within the filter element mechanism 45 and a heating mechanism 46 for heating the filter element mechanism 45. On one hand, heating the evaporation block 452 controls the evaporation rate, thereby regulating the concentration of odor molecules in the airflow, and also preheats the insect-killing component 5 using the heated airflow. On the other hand, the heating mechanism 46 is positioned close to the outside of the insect-killing component 5, allowing for coordinated heating between the heating mechanism 46 and the insect-killing component 5, improving insect-killing efficiency. Furthermore, the heating mechanism 46... 6 can achieve moisture and mildew prevention in the air chamber, extending the shelf life of the volatile block 452; on the other hand, the filter mechanism 45 can both filter and volatilize the odor; finally, before the airflow in the air inlet chamber 41 enters the volatilization chamber 42, it will first form a buffer at the bottom of the air inlet chamber 41, and then slowly pass through the filter mechanism 45 of the volatilization chamber 42. The transfer chamber 43 can temporarily store the airflow carrying the odor, avoiding the odor concentration from fluctuating due to the unstable air intake caused by the instantaneous fluctuation of the external airflow, such as gusts. Even if there is a short-term strong wind in the field, the cavity structure of the three-layer air chamber can also offset the airflow disturbance.

[0045] In an optional embodiment, the insect-killing component 5 includes an insect-killing chamber 51, with a funnel 8 above the insect-killing chamber 51. The funnel 8 is shaped like a horn, and the horn-shaped opening of the funnel 8 is inserted into the top of the insect-killing chamber 51. The insect-killing chamber 51 is an inverted cone shape that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The outer side of the top of the insect-killing chamber 51 is close to the heating mechanism 46. The top of the insect-killing chamber 51 is higher than the lowest point of the horn-shaped opening of the funnel 8. An exhaust port 511 is provided at the top of the insect-killing chamber 51, and an inwardly rolled funnel-shaped edge 512 is provided at the bottom of the insect-killing chamber 51. The insecticidal assembly 5 also includes a far-infrared insecticidal lamp 52 located at the central axis inside the insecticidal chamber 51. The far-infrared insecticidal lamp 52 is fixedly mounted on the top of the lamp holder 53, which can be extended up and down. The lamp holder 53 has a frustum-shaped inclined surface 531 on its side. An installation cylinder 54 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the lamp holder 53. A gap is left between the inner wall of the installation cylinder 54 and the outer wall of the lamp holder 53.

[0046] It should be noted that during insect killing, the far-infrared insect killing lamp 52 slides to its highest position. At this time, the top of the far-infrared insect killing lamp 52 is located inside the constricted opening at the bottom of the funnel 8, and the inner side of the funnel-shaped inner rolled edge 512 is easy to fit against the outer wall of the truncated cone-shaped inclined surface 531. After the insect killing is completed, the far-infrared insect killing lamp 52 slides down, and at this time the punch falls down onto the conveyor belt 6 through the gap between the mounting cylinder 54 and the lamp holder 53.

[0047] This spectrally adjustable pest trapping and monitoring device features an inverted cone-shaped insect-killing chamber 51 with a far-infrared insect-killing lamp 52 positioned at the central axis inside the chamber. This design improves heating uniformity and disperses airflow from the top. Furthermore, the inverted cone shape facilitates heat transfer upwards, enhancing heating uniformity and preventing pests from escaping. Additionally, the airflow's dispersion and subsequent exhaust from the top creates a circular circulation within the chamber, preventing insect accumulation at the bottom and ensuring more even heating. Finally, the inverted cone structure allows for coordinated heating by the heating mechanism 46.

[0048] Furthermore, the insect-killing chamber 51 is fixed below the funnel 8 or fixed to the frame inside the trapping box 14.

[0049] Furthermore, the mounting cylinder 54 is fixed below the far-infrared insecticidal lamp 52 or fixed to the frame inside the trapping box 14.

[0050] Furthermore, the lamp holder 53 includes a base fixed inside the mounting cylinder 54, and a cylinder is provided inside the base. The cylinder is used to push the top of the lamp holder 53 to slide up and down, and the far-infrared insecticidal lamp 52 is fixedly installed on the top of the lamp holder 53.

[0051] In an optional embodiment, the annular air guide ring 44 includes a plurality of vertical pipes disposed at the corners and a plurality of horizontal pipes connected between the plurality of vertical pipes, and the air guide nozzle 441 is disposed at a position slightly below the inner side of the horizontal pipe.

[0052] It should be noted that the horizontal tube of the annular air guide ring 44 not only serves to blow air out evenly from the side, but also prevents large birds and other non-pest organisms from entering the trap box 14.

[0053] In an optional embodiment, the curing carrier includes at least one of an adsorption carrier and an adhesive carrier; the adsorption carrier is selected from one or more of porous ceramics, diatomaceous earth, activated carbon fiber felt, and polymer adsorption resin; the adhesive carrier is selected from one or more of paraffin wax, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and polyvinyl alcohol.

[0054] Further, the active odor component is selected from one or more of the following: host plant volatile extract, insect sex pheromones, and insect aggregation pheromones; the mass ratio of the active odor component to the solidified carrier is 1:(3-10); the host plant volatile extract is selected from one or more of the following: rice straw ethanol extract, wheat shoot extract, and pine essential oil, and the host plant volatile extract contains at least one active substance from terpenes, aldehydes, and green leaf volatiles; the insect sex pheromones include at least one from the fall armyworm sex pheromone and the rice leaf roller sex pheromone; the insect aggregation pheromones include at least one from the maize weevil aggregation pheromone and the pine sawyer beetle aggregation pheromone. Furthermore, an antioxidant is added to the curing carrier. The antioxidant is selected from vitamin E and tea polyphenols, and the antioxidant accounts for 0.5%-2% of the total mass of the curing carrier.

[0055] Specifically, a solidified odor source adapted to the rice planthopper, a piercing-sucking pest, is provided: the active odor component is rice straw ethanol extract, accounting for 10% by mass; the solidification carrier is diatomaceous earth adsorption type and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose bonding type, with diatomaceous earth accounting for 50% by mass and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose accounting for 38% by mass; the antioxidant is vitamin E, accounting for 2% by mass; the preparation process involves mixing and adsorbing the rice straw ethanol extract with diatomaceous earth for 30 minutes, adding hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and vitamin E, heating to 50°C and stirring to form a paste, pouring it into a mold adapted to the filter insert, cooling to room temperature and solidifying to form a sheet structure; the suitable parameters are: heating source temperature 25-30°C, volatilization period 20 days, odor diffusion range 15-20m; suitable airflow velocity 0.8-1.2m / s, and spectral band 420-450nm blue light main band and 365nm ultraviolet light auxiliary band.

[0056] Specifically, a solidified odor source adapted to the migratory lepidopteran pest, the fall armyworm, is provided. The active odor component is fall armyworm sex pheromones, accounting for 12% by mass. The solidification carrier is a combination of polymer adsorption resin (48% by mass) and paraffin-based wax (38% by mass). The antioxidant is tea polyphenols, accounting for 1.5% by mass. The preparation process involves mixing the sex pheromone mixture with polymer adsorption resin for 2 hours, adding paraffin-based wax and tea polyphenols, heating to 65°C to melt and stir evenly, pouring into a porous mold, cooling and solidifying to form a granular structure. The suitable parameters are: heating source temperature 30-35°C, volatilization period 18 days, and odor diffusion range 20-25m. The suitable airflow velocity is 1.5-2.0 m / s, and the spectral band is the 365-380nm ultraviolet main band and the 480nm blue auxiliary band.

[0057] Specifically, a solidified odor source adapted to beetle (Coleoptera) pests is provided. The active odor components are verbenane, a pheromone associated with the beetle, and pine oil, with the verbenane accounting for 8% by mass and the pine oil for 10% by mass. The solidification carrier is an activated carbon fiber felt adsorption type, accounting for 80% by mass. The antioxidant is vitamin E, accounting for 2% by mass. The preparation process involves uniformly mixing verbenane and pine oil, cutting activated carbon fiber felt into filter insert sizes, immersing it in the mixture for 2 hours, removing it, and vacuum drying for 1 hour to form a sheet structure. The suitable parameters are a heating source temperature of 35-40℃, a volatilization period of 25 days, and an odor diffusion range of 25-30m. The suitable airflow velocity is 1.2-1.5m / s, and the spectral band is the 480-500nm blue main band and the 520nm green auxiliary band.

[0058] Specifically, a solidified odor source suitable for aphids, piercing-sucking pests, is provided. The active odor component is wheat shoot extract containing volatile green leaf compounds, accounting for 15% by mass. The solidification carrier consists of porous ceramic adsorption and polyvinyl alcohol bonding, with porous ceramic accounting for 60% by mass and polyvinyl alcohol accounting for 23% by mass. The antioxidant is tea polyphenols, accounting for 2% by mass. The preparation process involves spraying wheat shoot extract onto the surface of porous ceramic, allowing it to stand for 1 hour for adsorption, then heating and dissolving polyvinyl alcohol and applying it to the ceramic surface. After cooling, a protective film is formed, resulting in a block structure. The suitable parameters are a heating source temperature of 20-25℃, a volatilization period of 15 days, and an odor diffusion range of 10-15m. The suitable airflow velocity is 0.5-0.8m / s, and the spectral band is the 500-520nm green main band and the 365nm ultraviolet auxiliary band.

[0059] In an optional embodiment, an insect guide plate 541 is provided inside the mounting cylinder 54. The insect guide plate 541 is configured as an inclined slope. The side of the insect guide plate 541 near the end of the conveyor belt 6 is higher than the side of the insect guide plate 541 near the beginning of the conveyor belt 6. The insect guide plate 541 has a vertically penetrating opening at its lowest point on the side near the beginning of the conveyor belt 6. The camera assembly 9 is disposed at the bottom of the lamp holder 53. The fixing post inside the mounting cylinder 54 for fixing the lamp holder 53 is disposed at a position offset from the opening of the insect guide plate 541.

[0060] This spectrally adjustable pest trapping and monitoring device uses an installation cylinder 54 on the outside of the lamp holder 53 and an insect guide plate 541 inside the installation cylinder 54. On the one hand, the installation cylinder 54 can both fix and support the lamp holder 53 and prevent the insects from falling outward, ensuring that the insects fall accurately onto the conveyor belt 6. On the other hand, the insect guide plate 541 can both accurately drop the insects into the center of the conveyor belt 6 and prevent the insects from interfering with the fixing posts used to fix the lamp holder 53 during their fall, thus ensuring the integrity and uniform distribution of the insects.

[0061] In an optional embodiment, a solar power generation component 12 for providing power is also provided at the top of the pole 11, and a control cabinet 13 for connecting and controlling the trap box 14 is also provided in the middle of the pole 11. A signal transmitting component and a wind speed sensing component are electrically connected to the control cabinet 13 on the pole 11.

[0062] It should be noted that the height of the trapping box 14 and the control cabinet 13 is 1.5-2m.

[0063] Furthermore, the control cabinet 13 is equipped with a main control chip, a power management module, and a storage module. The main control chip is electrically connected to the solar power generation component 12, the spectrum adjustment controller of the trapping light source 31, the air pump, the heating mechanism 46, the far-infrared insect-killing lamp 52, the camera component 9, the signal transmission component, and the wind speed sensor component.

[0064] It should be noted that the wind speed sensing component collects ambient wind speed data in real time. When the ambient wind speed is >3m / s, the main control chip automatically controls the air pump to increase the airflow speed by 1.2-1.5 times, while increasing the auxiliary band brightness of the trapping light source 31 by 50%. When the ambient wind speed is <0.5m / s, the main control chip controls the air pump to reduce the airflow speed to 0.3-0.5m / s, so as to avoid excessive airflow disturbance at low wind speeds from affecting the positioning of pests, and to achieve dynamic adaptation of the device to the ambient wind speed.

[0065] In an optional embodiment, the funnel 8 is made of a light-transmitting material.

[0066] It should be noted that when the insect falls into the insect-killing chamber 51, the light from the trapping light source 31 passes through the funnel 8 and through the exhaust vent 511, attracting the insect to the top of the insect-killing chamber 51 and preventing the insect from escaping from the closing part of the funnel 8.

[0067] In an optional embodiment, the camera assembly 9 includes a high-definition industrial camera, a supplementary lighting module, and an image acquisition controller. The lens of the high-definition industrial camera faces the upper surface of the conveyor belt 6. The supplementary lighting module is an adjustable brightness LED cold light source. The image acquisition controller is electrically connected to the control cabinet 13 and is linked to the drive motor of the conveyor belt 6.

[0068] It should be noted that the image acquisition controller has preset shooting trigger conditions: when the conveyor belt 6 is stationary, it takes a picture once every 30 seconds; when the conveyor belt 6 starts, it takes a picture once every 5cm of conveying distance. After the captured image is preprocessed, cropped and denoised by the image acquisition controller, it is uploaded to the remote monitoring platform through the signal transmission component. The remote monitoring platform has a built-in insect recognition algorithm to automatically count the number of insects and identify the types of pests.

[0069] In an optional embodiment, the inner wall of the insecticidal chamber 51 is provided with a reflective coating, which is a far-infrared reflective ceramic coating; the inner wall of the reflective coating is provided with uniformly distributed micro-convex structures, which are hemispherical or pyramidal, to convert the direct light emitted by the far-infrared insecticidal lamp 52 into diffuse reflected light, thereby reducing the temperature field uniformity error inside the insecticidal chamber 51.

[0070] This spectrally adjustable pest trapping and monitoring device incorporates a reflective coating and a micro-convex structure on the inner wall of the insect-killing chamber 51. On one hand, the reflective coating reflects far-infrared light emitted by the far-infrared insect-killing lamp 52 that is not absorbed by the insects back into the chamber, reducing heat loss to the outside. On the other hand, the diffuse reflection effect created by the micro-convex structure prevents localized high or low temperature dead zones within the chamber, ensuring that insects in different locations are heated evenly. Simultaneously, the reflective coating and the heat-insulating coating form a synergistic dual-layer structure of heat insulation and reflection. The heat-insulating coating blocks heat conduction, while the reflective coating enhances photothermal circulation. Combined with the inverted conical chamber structure, this allows far-infrared light to circulate and reflect within the chamber, further shortening the pest-killing time.

[0071] In summary, this spectrally adjustable pest trapping and monitoring device, by incorporating an adjustable-flow-rate annular air guide ring 44 and an adjustable-spectrum trapping light source 31, addresses two key issues. First, the phototaxis of different pests is not only related to the spectrum; some migratory pests, such as rice planthoppers and fall armyworms, also exhibit a tendency towards airflow gradients. Based on the target pest species, the device can adjust the spectrum while matching a specific wind speed. The airflow speed does not directly attract pests but influences their distribution by adapting to their flight capabilities and assisting them in fulfilling their behavioral needs. Pests will be more inclined to move within areas where the airflow speed is suitable for their flight path. Second, by placing an odor source within the air chamber, pests can be attracted by the odor carried by the airflow. The host's odor, such as rice volatiles, or the airflow disturbance around the light source locates the target. Airflow at a specific speed can transmit odor signals more efficiently, and the resulting airflow gradient can serve as a spatial reference, guiding pests to move towards the core area of ​​the light source. Furthermore, the airflow generated by the annular air guide ring 44 enhances the impact force of the insects hitting the glass, increasing the capture rate. Finally, after the insects fall after hitting the high-transparency glass cover 32, the downward airflow formed by the annular air guide ring 44 will form an airflow barrier at the inlet of the insect-killing component 5, preventing the insects that failed to hit the glass from escaping upwards. It also has the effect of removing dust from the high-transparency glass cover 32, preventing dust accumulation from affecting the light transmittance.

[0072] This spectrally adjustable pest trapping and monitoring device incorporates a volatile evaporation block 452 within the filter element mechanism 45 and a heating mechanism 46 for heating the filter element mechanism 45. On one hand, heating the evaporation block 452 controls the evaporation rate, thereby regulating the concentration of odor molecules in the airflow, and also preheats the insect-killing component 5 using the heated airflow. On the other hand, the heating mechanism 46 is positioned close to the outside of the insect-killing component 5, allowing for coordinated heating between the heating mechanism 46 and the insect-killing component 5, improving insect-killing efficiency. Furthermore, the heating mechanism 46... 6 can achieve moisture and mildew prevention in the air chamber, extending the shelf life of the volatile block 452; on the other hand, the filter mechanism 45 can both filter and volatilize the odor; finally, before the airflow in the air inlet chamber 41 enters the volatilization chamber 42, it will first form a buffer at the bottom of the air inlet chamber 41, and then slowly pass through the filter mechanism 45 of the volatilization chamber 42. The transfer chamber 43 can temporarily store the airflow carrying the odor, avoiding the odor concentration from fluctuating due to the unstable air intake caused by the instantaneous fluctuation of the external airflow, such as gusts. Even if there is a short-term strong wind in the field, the cavity structure of the three-layer air chamber can also offset the airflow disturbance.

[0073] By setting an inverted cone-shaped insect-killing chamber 51 and placing the far-infrared insect-killing lamp 52 at the central axis position inside the insect-killing chamber 51, the far-infrared insect-killing lamp 52, located in the middle position, can improve the heating uniformity and also disperse the air blown in from the top. On the other hand, the inverted cone shape can better transfer heat upwards, improve the heating uniformity, and also prevent pests from escaping. Furthermore, the airflow is dispersed to the surroundings and then discharged from the top, forming an airflow ring circulation inside the insect-killing chamber 51, which can prevent insects from accumulating at the bottom and make the heating more uniform. Finally, the inverted cone structure can adapt to the coordinated heating of the heating mechanism 46.

[0074] This spectrally adjustable pest trapping and monitoring device uses an installation cylinder 54 on the outside of the lamp holder 53 and an insect guide plate 541 inside the installation cylinder 54. On the one hand, the installation cylinder 54 can both fix and support the lamp holder 53 and prevent the insects from falling outward, ensuring that the insects fall accurately onto the conveyor belt 6. On the other hand, the insect guide plate 541 can both accurately drop the insects into the center of the conveyor belt 6 and prevent the insects from interfering with the fixing posts used to fix the lamp holder 53 during their fall, thus ensuring the integrity and uniform distribution of the insects.

[0075] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0076] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A spectrally adjustable pest trapping and monitoring device, comprising a trapping box (14) mounted on a pole (11), wherein the trapping box (14) has a trapping component (3) for attracting pests at the top layer, the trapping component (3) comprising an internal spectrally adjustable trapping light source (31) and an externally wrapped high-transparency glass cover (32), wherein insects fall into an insect-killing component (5) after hitting the high-transparency glass cover (32), a conveyor belt (6) is provided below the insect-killing component (5), a camera component (9) is provided above the conveyor belt (6) for taking and uploading photos of the insects, and a collection box (7) is provided below the end of the camera component (9), characterized in that: The trapping box (14) is also equipped with a wind guide assembly (4). The wind guide assembly (4) includes an annular wind guide ring (44) on the top layer. An inclined downward wind guide nozzle (441) is provided on the annular wind guide ring (44). The annular wind guide ring (44) is connected to an air chamber. An odor source is provided in the air chamber. The air chamber of the wind guide assembly (4) is connected to an air pump. The air pump is connected to the spectrum adjustment controller of the trapping light source (31) and is controlled together to adjust the spectrum and airflow speed according to the types of pests attracted.

2. The spectrally adjustable pest trapping and monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air chamber includes a transfer chamber (43), an evaporation chamber (42), and an air inlet chamber (41) that are connected in sequence. The air inlet chamber (41) is connected to an air pump. The transfer chamber (43) is connected to an annular air guide ring (44). A detachable filter element mechanism (45) is provided inside the evaporation chamber (42). The odor source is located inside the filter element mechanism (45). A heating mechanism (46) for heating the filter element mechanism (45) is also provided on the evaporation chamber (42). The heating temperature of the heating mechanism (46) is adjustable. The filter element mechanism (45) includes a plurality of filter inserts (451) with gaps. A volatile block (452) is provided in the gap between the filter inserts (451). The volatile block (452) includes a solidified carrier and an active odor component. The active odor component is a volatile substance that is attracted to the target pest. The solidified carrier adsorbs or carries the active odor component to form a block, granular or sheet structure that can be embedded in the air chamber filter insert. Under heating conditions, the solidified carrier promotes the stable volatilization of the active odor component and forms an insect-attracting odor band with the airflow.

3. The spectrally adjustable pest trapping and monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The insect-killing component (5) includes an insect-killing chamber (51), and a funnel (8) is provided above the insect-killing chamber (51). The funnel (8) is shaped like a horn, and the horn-shaped opening of the funnel (8) is inserted into the top of the insect-killing chamber (51). The insect-killing chamber (51) is an inverted cone shape that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The outer side of the top of the insect-killing chamber (51) is close to the heating mechanism (46). The top of the insect-killing chamber (51) is higher than the lowest point of the horn-shaped opening of the funnel (8). An exhaust port (511) is provided on the top of the insect-killing chamber (51), and an inwardly rolled edge (512) in the shape of a funnel with an inwardly tapering opening is provided at the bottom of the insect-killing chamber (51). The insect-killing component (5) also includes a far-infrared insect-killing lamp (52) located at the central axis inside the insect-killing chamber (51). The far-infrared insect-killing lamp (52) is fixedly installed at the bottom of a lamp holder (53) that can be extended up and down. The lamp holder (53) has a frustum-shaped inclined surface (531) on its side. An installation cylinder (54) is fixedly installed on the outside of the lamp holder (53). A gap is left between the inner wall of the installation cylinder (54) and the outer wall of the lamp holder (53).

4. The spectrally adjustable pest trapping and monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annular air guide ring (44) includes multiple vertical pipes set in the corner and multiple horizontal pipes connected between the multiple vertical pipes, and the air guide nozzle (441) is set at a position slightly below the inner side of the horizontal pipe.

5. The spectrally adjustable pest trapping and monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The solidification carrier includes at least one of an adsorption carrier and a bonding carrier; the adsorption carrier is selected from one or more of porous ceramics, diatomaceous earth, activated carbon fiber felt, and polymer adsorption resin; the bonding carrier is selected from one or more of paraffin wax, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and polyvinyl alcohol.

6. The spectrally adjustable pest trapping and monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mounting cylinder (54) is provided with an insect guide plate (541). The insect guide plate (541) is set as an inclined slope. The side of the insect guide plate (541) located near the end of the conveyor belt (6) is higher than the side of the insect guide plate (541) located near the beginning of the conveyor belt (6). The insect guide plate (541) has an opening that runs vertically through the bottom at the lowest point on the side of the insect guide plate (541) located near the beginning of the conveyor belt (6). The camera assembly (9) is set at the bottom of the lamp holder (53). The fixing post inside the mounting cylinder (54) for fixing the lamp holder (53) is set at a position offset from the opening of the insect guide plate (541).

7. The spectrally adjustable pest trapping and monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the pole (11) is also provided with a solar power generation component (12) for providing power. The middle position of the pole (11) is also provided with a control cabinet (13) for connecting and controlling the trap box (14). The pole (11) is provided with a signal transmission component and a wind speed sensing component that are electrically connected to the control cabinet (13).

8. The spectrally adjustable pest trapping and monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The funnel (8) is made of a light-transmitting material.

9. The spectrally adjustable pest trapping and monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The camera assembly (9) includes a high-definition industrial camera, a supplementary lighting module and an image acquisition controller. The lens of the high-definition industrial camera faces the upper surface of the conveyor belt (6). The supplementary lighting module is an adjustable brightness LED cold light source. The image acquisition controller is electrically connected to the control cabinet (13) and is linked to the drive motor of the conveyor belt (6).

10. A spectrally adjustable pest trapping and monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner wall of the insect-killing chamber (51) is provided with a reflective coating, which is a far-infrared reflective ceramic coating; the inner wall of the reflective coating is provided with a uniformly distributed micro-convex structure, which is hemispherical or pyramidal, and is used to convert the direct light emitted by the far-infrared insect-killing lamp (52) into diffuse reflected light, thereby reducing the error of the temperature field uniformity in the insect-killing chamber (51).

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