Antibacterial hydrogel dressing with spunlace non-woven fabric as carrier and preparation method of antibacterial hydrogel dressing
By combining spunlace nonwoven fabric with antibacterial hydrogel, an antibacterial hydrogel dressing with a three-dimensional fiber skeleton and a high water content network structure was prepared, which solved the problems of poor hydrogel strength and antibacterial effect and achieved a highly efficient wound treatment effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610172569.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-10
AI Technical Summary
Traditional single-component hydrogel materials have insufficient mechanical strength, are prone to structural damage, have poor adhesion to wound surfaces, and have limited antibacterial efficacy, making it difficult to meet the comprehensive treatment requirements of complex and difficult-to-heal wounds.
Using spunlace nonwoven fabric as a carrier, antibacterial hydrogel is combined with nonwoven fabric through a freeze-cycle process to form a three-dimensional fiber skeleton and a high water content network structure. The complementary functions and structures are achieved by utilizing hydrogen bonds/van der Waals forces to prepare antibacterial hydrogel dressings.
It improves the strength and antibacterial properties of hydrogels, has good cell compatibility, can quickly absorb wound exudate and effectively kill bacteria, and provides a dynamically moist wound environment.
Smart Images
Figure CN121818984A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to an antibacterial hydrogel dressing with spunlace nonwoven fabric as a carrier and its preparation method, belonging to the field of biomedical polymer technology. Background Technology
[0002] The skin is a vital physiological barrier for maintaining homeostasis and preventing the invasion of external pathogens. Skin tissue injuries, especially chronic wounds such as diabetic foot ulcers, burns, and pressure ulcers, as well as sports-related acute trauma, require a synergistic approach in clinical management, addressing multiple complex needs including infection control, exudate management, and tissue regeneration and repair. Ideal wound dressings should possess good biocompatibility, suitable moisture permeability and breathability, efficient exudate absorption and retention, and active antibacterial properties, thereby providing a suitable microenvironment for wound repair.
[0003] Hydrogel dressings have become a research hotspot in wound repair due to their high water content, excellent biocompatibility and flexibility (similar to biological tissues), and ability to provide a moist environment conducive to healing. However, traditional single-component hydrogel materials generally suffer from insufficient mechanical strength, susceptibility to structural damage, poor adhesion to wound surfaces, and a tendency to swell and disintegrate in bodily fluids, limiting their application in joint areas or highly exudative wounds. Furthermore, most hydrogels have limited antibacterial efficacy, relying primarily on physical moisturizing effects, making it difficult to effectively control the microbial load in infected or susceptible wounds.
[0004] Spunlace nonwoven materials, due to their loose fiber arrangement, soft texture, good breathability, and certain physical strength, are often used as the support substrate or contact layer of medical dressings. However, the functions of conventional nonwoven materials are mainly limited to physical barrier and passive liquid absorption. Their liquid retention capacity is limited, and they lack active antibacterial and healing-promoting biological functions, making it difficult to meet the comprehensive treatment requirements of complex and difficult-to-heal wounds.
[0005] To integrate the respective advantages of hydrogels and nonwoven materials, attempts have been made to combine the two, such as through surface coating, lamination processes, or in-situ polymerization on the substrate surface to form a gel layer. However, such methods often have the following drawbacks: First, the interfacial bonding strength between the gel layer and the fiber matrix is low, making it prone to interlayer delamination during application; second, the gel is mostly confined to the material surface and fails to fully penetrate and anchor within the fiber network, resulting in the overall performance of the composite material, such as the balanced swelling ratio and the uniformity of active ingredient loading, failing to achieve effective synergistic improvement; third, some composite processes involve the use of chemical crosslinking agents or require harsh reaction conditions, which may introduce biosafety risks and are not conducive to large-scale production and clinical translation.
[0006] Therefore, researching and developing a composite hydrogel dressing that has a stable interface bond, a stable overall structure, and combines good mechanical properties, high liquid absorption and moisturizing capacity, and efficient and long-lasting antibacterial function is of great scientific significance and application value for improving the comprehensive performance of wound repair materials. Summary of the Invention
[0007] To address the shortcomings of related technologies, this invention provides an antibacterial hydrogel dressing with spunlace nonwoven fabric as the carrier and its preparation method. It has the advantages of distinct structure, simple process, and strong and tight bonding between spunlace nonwoven fabric and hydrogel. It can effectively improve the strength of hydrogel, has excellent antibacterial properties and good cell compatibility, and is suitable for the treatment and recovery of skin wounds. It solves the problems of poor mechanical strength and unsatisfactory antibacterial effect of hydrogel dressings.
[0008] One objective of this invention is to provide an antibacterial hydrogel dressing with spunlace nonwoven fabric as a carrier, wherein the antibacterial hydrogel dressing consists of a spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier layer and an antibacterial hydrogel functional layer loaded on the surface and in the pores of the spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier layer.
[0009] Preferably, the spunlace nonwoven carrier layer is made of medical-grade fiber with a thickness of 0.1~0.5mm and a porosity of 60~90%; the medical-grade fiber is one or more of natural fiber and synthetic biodegradable fiber.
[0010] More preferably, the natural fiber is one or more of bacterial cellulose, seaweed fiber, and cotton fiber.
[0011] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing an antibacterial hydrogel dressing using spunlace nonwoven fabric as a carrier, specifically comprising the following steps: (1) Sterilize the spunlace nonwoven fabric to obtain the spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier.
[0012] (2) The antibacterial component is added to the aqueous solution of the hydrophilic polymer substrate to form a hydrogel precursor solution.
[0013] (3) Immerse the spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier in the hydrogel precursor solution and solidify it by freeze-cycle to obtain an antibacterial hydrogel dressing.
[0014] Preferably, in step (2), the hydrophilic polymer substrate is one or more of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), chitosan, and hyaluronic acid (HA); the antibacterial component is one or more of nano silver, nano zinc oxide (nZnO), benzalkonium chloride, and tannic acid.
[0015] Preferably, the mass percentage concentration of the hydrophilic polymer substrate in the hydrogel precursor solution in step (2) is 5-10%; and the mass percentage concentration of the antibacterial component in the hydrogel precursor solution is 0.1-0.5%.
[0016] Preferably, the time for immersing the spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier in the hydrogel precursor solution in step (3) is 30~60s.
[0017] Preferably, the conditions for solidification using the freezing cycle process in step (3) are: freezing temperature of -20~-60℃, freezing time of 6~24h, thawing temperature of 2~8℃, thawing time of 4~12h, and number of cycles of 3~5.
[0018] Mechanism of the invention: The present invention constructs an antibacterial hydrogel dressing by synergistically combining spunlace nonwoven fabric and antibacterial hydrogel. The interface between the spunlace nonwoven fabric and the antibacterial hydrogel is combined by hydrogen bonds / van der Waals forces, achieving functional and structural complementarity. An antibacterial hydrogel dressing with a three-dimensional fiber skeleton and a high water content network structure is prepared, which can actively absorb exudate at the wound site and release antibacterial agents, maintaining a dynamically moist environment and eliminating bacteria. It has excellent antibacterial and swelling effects.
[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) This invention combines hydrogel with nonwoven fabric through simple physical and chemical bonding, and then uses a physical freeze-drying cycle process for molding and fixation, successfully preparing a hydrogel dressing with excellent biological properties as its matrix material. Moreover, this hydrogel dressing can effectively kill Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, further improving the application of hydrogel in the biomedical field.
[0020] (2) The hydrogel dressing prepared by the present invention, with spunlace nonwoven fabric as the carrier, has a uniform internal structure. The fiber "skeleton" of the nonwoven fabric is anchored to the hydrogel, and a mechanical interlock is formed after curing. This effectively improves the strength of the hydrogel.
[0021] (3) The hydrogel prepared by the present invention has a high swelling rate and excellent antibacterial effect due to the multiple synergistic antibacterial mechanisms of non-woven fabric, hydrophilic polymer substrate and antibacterial components, which can effectively absorb wound exudate and exert antibacterial effect. Attached Figure Description
[0022] Figure 1 Figure 1 shows the FTIR schematic diagram of the hydrogel and its components and dressing prepared in Example 1 of the present invention; wherein Figure (a) is a schematic diagram of the FTIR of the hydrogel, polyvinyl alcohol and hyaluronic acid prepared in Example 1; and Figure (b) is a schematic diagram of the FTIR of the hydrogel dressing, hydrogel and spunlace nonwoven fabric prepared in Example 1.
[0023] Figure 2 Figure (a) shows a single hydrogel, Figure (b) shows a single spunlace nonwoven fabric, and Figure (c) shows the hydrogel dressing.
[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the balanced swelling ratio of the hydrogel dressing prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.
[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the antibacterial effect of the hydrogel dressing prepared in Example 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0026] To better illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of this invention, the invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. In the embodiments and comparative examples of this invention, unless otherwise specified, all chemical reagents used were commercially available analytical grade reagents.
[0027] Example 1 A method for preparing an antibacterial hydrogel dressing using spunlace nonwoven fabric as a carrier, specifically including the following steps: (1) The spunlace nonwoven fabric is subjected to ultraviolet sterilization treatment (the spunlace nonwoven fabric is made of natural fiber-bacterial cellulose, with a thickness of about 0.4 mm and a porosity of about 80%) to remove bacteria on the surface and obtain the spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier.
[0028] (2) Add the ultrasonically dispersed nZnO aqueous solution to the PVA and HA aqueous solution, stir evenly to form a hydrogel precursor solution, wherein the concentration of PVA in the hydrogel precursor solution is 5% by mass, the concentration of HA is 0.5% by mass, and the concentration of nZnO is 0.25% by mass.
[0029] (3) The spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier was immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution for 45s. The freezing cycle curing process was used. The process was repeated 3 times under the conditions of freezing temperature of -20℃, freezing time of 16h, thawing temperature of 4℃, and thawing time of 8h to obtain antibacterial hydrogel dressing.
[0030] The antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment was subjected to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) testing, and the test results are as follows: Figure 1 As shown, Figure (a) is a schematic diagram of FTIR for hydrogel, polyvinyl alcohol, and hyaluronic acid; Figure (b) is a schematic diagram of FTIR for hydrogel dressing, hydrogel, and spunlace nonwoven fabric. The spectrum of hydrogel shows a broad and strong band centered at approximately 3200 cm⁻¹. -1 This is characteristic of OH stretching vibration, and it occurs at approximately 1060 cm⁻¹. -1A distinct peak is observed nearby, attributed to the stretching vibration of the COC ether bond. These features confirm the abundance of hydroxyl and ether groups in the hydrogel matrix. Polyvinyl alcohol exhibits a similar peak, but with slightly lower intensity, indicating a lower overall hydroxyl density compared to the hydrogel. Meanwhile, approximately 1600 cm⁻¹... -1 The characteristic band at the location also indicates the successful introduction of hyaluronic acid; this band is attributed to the carboxylate (-COO). - The hydrogel dressing exhibits stretching and contraction vibrations. Simultaneously, the OH peak of the hydrogel dressing is wider and stronger than that of the hydrogel, indicating an enhanced hydrogen bond network and confirming the successful composite of the hydrogel and spunlace nonwoven fabric.
[0031] The antibacterial hydrogel prepared in this embodiment was tested by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the test results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown in the figures, Figure (a) is a single hydrogel, Figure (b) is a single spunlace nonwoven fabric, and Figure (c) is a hydrogel dressing. The figures reveal that the hydrogel has abundant pores, forming a three-dimensional network structure with an orderly arrangement; the spunlace nonwoven fabric is composed of a series of intricately interwoven fibers; and the scanning electron microscope images of the hydrogel dressing show that the hydrogel and spunlace nonwoven fabric have been successfully composited, with the hydrogel adhering to each fiber, and the nonwoven fabric fibers supporting the entire structure. The internal structure also has ample space, providing good water absorption.
[0032] The equilibrium swelling ratio (ESR) of the antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment was tested. The test method was as follows: the antibacterial hydrogel dressing was freeze-dried to completely remove moisture, and the dried hydrogel dressing was obtained. Physiological saline was added to the dried hydrogel dressing at a mass ratio of 1:5. The swelling test was carried out at 37°C. After swelling for 6 hours and 24 hours, the dressing was weighed and the equilibrium swelling ratio (ESR, %) of the antibacterial hydrogel dressing was calculated according to the following formula. Three parallel tests were conducted and the average value was taken.
[0033] .
[0034] Where Wt is the mass (in g) of the swollen hydrogel dressing, and W0 is the mass (in g) of the dried hydrogel dressing. Test results are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the ESR of the hydrogel dressing was approximately 650%, meeting the requirements for hydrogel dressings and falling into the upper-middle range. This indicates that the hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment has an excellent equilibrium swelling ratio. The hydrogel dressing reaches swelling equilibrium within 6 hours, enabling it to quickly and effectively absorb wound exudate. Furthermore, after absorbing water and swelling, it can more effectively release nano-ions, exerting an antibacterial effect at the wound site.
[0035] The antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment was tested for its antibacterial properties. The test method was as follows: the prepared antibacterial hydrogel was cut into square thin slices (2 cm2), and a microbial suspension of 108 CFU / mL was prepared using a turbidimeter. This suspension was then diluted 100 times. The cut hydrogel dressing samples were then immersed in the microbial suspensions of *Escherichia coli* and *Staphylococcus aureus*, respectively, and incubated at 37°C for 24 h. The suspension was then diluted 100 times, and 100 μL of the suspension was spread onto a nano-agar plate. After incubation at 37°C for 24 h, the number of colonies on the agar plate was counted. The bactericidal rate (GE, %) was calculated using the following formula: .
[0036] Where CFUctrl refers to the colony count in the control group, and CFUHg refers to the colony count in the experimental group. Test results are as follows: Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the antibacterial hydrogel prepared in this embodiment exhibits excellent bactericidal effects against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with bactericidal effects reaching 95% and 98%, respectively, meeting the requirements for hydrogel wound dressings. Furthermore, due to the bacterial structure, the bactericidal effect against Staphylococcus aureus is slightly higher than that against Escherichia coli.
[0037] In this embodiment, an antibacterial hydrogel dressing is constructed by synergistically combining spunlace nonwoven fabric and antibacterial hydrogel. The interface between the spunlace nonwoven fabric and the antibacterial hydrogel is combined by hydrogen bonds / van der Waals forces, achieving functional and structural complementarity. An antibacterial hydrogel dressing with a three-dimensional fiber skeleton and a high water content network structure is prepared, exhibiting excellent antibacterial and swelling effects.
[0038] Example 2 A method for preparing an antibacterial hydrogel dressing using spunlace nonwoven fabric as a carrier, specifically including the following steps: (1) The spunlace nonwoven fabric is subjected to ultraviolet sterilization treatment (the spunlace nonwoven fabric is made of synthetic biodegradable polycaprolactone fiber, with a thickness of about 0.1 mm and a porosity of about 60%) to remove bacteria on the surface and obtain the spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier.
[0039] (2) Add the ultrasonically dispersed nano-silver aqueous solution to the mixed aqueous solution of PVA and chitosan, stir evenly to form a hydrogel precursor solution, wherein the concentration of PVA in the hydrogel precursor solution is 5% by mass, the concentration of chitosan is 2% by mass, and the concentration of nano-silver is 0.1% by mass.
[0040] (3) The spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier was immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution for 30s. The freezing cycle curing process was used. The process was repeated 5 times under the conditions of freezing temperature of -20℃, freezing time of 24h, thawing temperature of 2℃, and thawing time of 12h to obtain antibacterial hydrogel dressing.
[0041] FTIR testing was performed on the antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment. The test results were similar to those in Example 1. The spectrum of the hydrogel dressing showed a broad and strong band, centered at approximately 3200 cm⁻¹. -1 This is characteristic of OH stretching vibration, and it occurs at approximately 1060 cm⁻¹. -1 A distinct peak is observed nearby, attributed to the stretching vibration of the COC ether bond. These features confirm the abundance of hydroxyl and ether groups in the hydrogel matrix. Simultaneously, the OH peak of the hydrogel dressing is broader and stronger than that of the hydrogel, indicating an enhanced hydrogen bond network and further confirming the successful composite of the hydrogel and spunlace nonwoven fabric.
[0042] SEM tests were performed on the antibacterial hydrogel dressing, single hydrogel, and single spunlace nonwoven fabric prepared in this embodiment. The tests showed that the hydrogel has abundant pores and forms a three-dimensional network structure with an orderly arrangement. The spunlace nonwoven fabric is composed of a series of complexly interwoven fibers. The SEM images of the hydrogel dressing showed that the hydrogel and spunlace nonwoven fabric have been successfully combined. The hydrogel is attached to each fiber, and the fibers of the nonwoven fabric support the entire structure. The internal space is also abundant, which can provide good water absorption performance.
[0043] The antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment was subjected to the equilibrium swelling ratio test in the same manner as in Example 1. The test results showed that the ESR of the hydrogel dressing was approximately 458%, which meets the requirements for hydrogel dressings. This indicates that the hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment has an excellent equilibrium swelling ratio. The hydrogel dressing reached swelling equilibrium in 6 hours, which can quickly and effectively absorb wound exudate. Moreover, after absorbing water and swelling, it can more effectively release nano-ions and exert antibacterial effects on the wound.
[0044] The antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment was tested for antibacterial performance in the same manner as in Example 1. The test results showed that the antibacterial hydrogel prepared in this embodiment has excellent bactericidal effect against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with bactericidal effects of 85% and 88% respectively, which meets the application requirements of hydrogel wound dressings.
[0045] In this embodiment, an antibacterial hydrogel dressing is constructed by synergistically combining spunlace nonwoven fabric and antibacterial hydrogel. The interface between the spunlace nonwoven fabric and the antibacterial hydrogel is combined by hydrogen bonds / van der Waals forces, achieving functional and structural complementarity. An antibacterial hydrogel dressing with a three-dimensional fiber skeleton and a high water content network structure is prepared, exhibiting excellent antibacterial and swelling effects.
[0046] Example 3 A method for preparing an antibacterial hydrogel dressing using spunlace nonwoven fabric as a carrier, specifically including the following steps: (1) The spunlace nonwoven fabric is subjected to ultraviolet sterilization treatment (the spunlace nonwoven fabric is made of natural fiber - seaweed cellulose, with a thickness of about 0.5 mm and a porosity of about 90%) to remove bacteria on the surface and obtain the spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier.
[0047] (2) Add the ultrasonically dispersed benzalkonium chloride aqueous solution to the mixed aqueous solution of HA and chitosan, stir evenly to form a hydrogel precursor solution, wherein the concentration of HA in the hydrogel precursor solution is 7% by mass, the concentration of chitosan is 3% by mass, and the concentration of benzalkonium chloride is 0.5% by mass.
[0048] (3) The spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier was immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution for 60s. The freezing cycle curing process was used. The process was repeated 4 times under the conditions of freezing temperature of -60℃, freezing time of 6h, thawing temperature of 8℃, and thawing time of 4h to obtain antibacterial hydrogel dressing.
[0049] The antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment was subjected to FTIR testing. The test results were similar to those in Example 1. The hydrogel spectrum showed a broad and strong band, centered at approximately 3200 cm⁻¹. -1 This is characteristic of OH stretching vibration, and it occurs at approximately 1060 cm⁻¹. -1 A distinct peak is observed nearby, attributed to the stretching vibration of the COC ether bond. These features confirm the abundance of hydroxyl and ether groups in the hydrogel matrix. Simultaneously, the OH peak of the hydrogel dressing is broader and stronger than that of the hydrogel, indicating an enhanced hydrogen bond network and further confirming the successful composite of the hydrogel and spunlace nonwoven fabric.
[0050] SEM tests were performed on the antibacterial hydrogel dressing, single hydrogel, and single spunlace nonwoven fabric prepared in this embodiment. The tests showed that the hydrogel has abundant pores and forms a three-dimensional network structure with an orderly arrangement. The spunlace nonwoven fabric is composed of a series of complexly interwoven fibers. The SEM images of the hydrogel dressing showed that the hydrogel and spunlace nonwoven fabric have been successfully combined. The hydrogel is attached to each fiber, and the fibers of the nonwoven fabric support the entire structure. The internal space is also abundant, which can provide good water absorption performance.
[0051] The antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment was subjected to the equilibrium swelling ratio test in the same manner as in Example 1. The test results showed that the ESR of the hydrogel dressing was approximately 546%, which meets the requirements for hydrogel dressings. This indicates that the hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment has an excellent equilibrium swelling ratio. The hydrogel dressing reached swelling equilibrium in 6 hours, which can quickly and effectively absorb wound exudate. Moreover, after absorbing water and swelling, it can more effectively release nano-ions and exert antibacterial effects on the wound.
[0052] The antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment was tested for antibacterial performance in the same manner as in Example 1. The test results showed that the antibacterial hydrogel prepared in this embodiment has excellent bactericidal effect against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with bactericidal effects of 92% and 95% respectively, which meets the application requirements of hydrogel wound dressings.
[0053] In this embodiment, an antibacterial hydrogel dressing is constructed by synergistically combining spunlace nonwoven fabric and antibacterial hydrogel. The interface between the spunlace nonwoven fabric and the antibacterial hydrogel is combined by hydrogen bonds / van der Waals forces, achieving functional and structural complementarity. An antibacterial hydrogel dressing with a three-dimensional fiber skeleton and a high water content network structure is prepared, exhibiting excellent antibacterial and swelling effects.
[0054] Example 4 A method for preparing an antibacterial hydrogel dressing using spunlace nonwoven fabric as a carrier, specifically including the following steps: (1) The spunlace nonwoven fabric is subjected to ultraviolet sterilization treatment (the spunlace nonwoven fabric is made of natural fiber-cotton cellulose, with a thickness of about 0.2 mm and a porosity of about 70%) to remove bacteria on the surface and obtain the spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier.
[0055] (2) Add the ultrasonically dispersed tannic acid aqueous solution to the mixed aqueous solution of PVA, HA and chitosan, stir evenly to form a hydrogel precursor solution, wherein the concentration of PVA in the hydrogel precursor solution is 2% by mass, the concentration of HA is 2% by mass, the concentration of chitosan is 6% by mass, and the concentration of tannic acid is 0.4% by mass.
[0056] (3) The spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier was immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution for 60s. The freezing cycle curing process was used. The process was repeated 3 times under the conditions of freezing temperature of -60℃, freezing time of 6h, thawing temperature of 8℃, and thawing time of 4h to obtain antibacterial hydrogel dressing.
[0057] The antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment was subjected to FTIR testing. The test results were similar to those in Example 1. The spectrum of the hydrogel dressing was at 3200 cm⁻¹. -1 Both sides also exhibit broad peaks, indicating the stretching vibration of hydroxyl groups, with a peak at approximately 1060 cm⁻¹. -1 A distinct peak is observed nearby, attributed to the stretching vibration of the COC ether bond. These features confirm the abundance of hydroxyl and ether groups in the hydrogel matrix. Simultaneously, the OH peak of the hydrogel dressing is broader and stronger than that of the hydrogel, indicating an enhanced hydrogen bond network and further confirming the successful composite of the hydrogel and spunlace nonwoven fabric.
[0058] SEM tests were performed on the antibacterial hydrogel dressing, single hydrogel, and single spunlace nonwoven fabric prepared in this embodiment. The tests showed that the hydrogel has abundant pores and forms a three-dimensional network structure with an orderly arrangement. The spunlace nonwoven fabric is composed of a series of complexly interwoven fibers. The SEM images of the hydrogel dressing showed that the hydrogel and spunlace nonwoven fabric have been successfully combined. The hydrogel is attached to each fiber, and the fibers of the nonwoven fabric support the entire structure. The internal space is also abundant, which can provide good water absorption performance.
[0059] The antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment was subjected to the equilibrium swelling ratio test in the same manner as in Example 1. The test results showed that the ESR of the hydrogel dressing was approximately 610%, which meets the requirements for hydrogel dressings. This indicates that the hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment has an excellent equilibrium swelling ratio. The hydrogel dressing reaches swelling equilibrium in 6 hours and can quickly and effectively absorb wound exudate. Furthermore, after absorbing water and swelling, it can more effectively release nano-ions and exert an antibacterial effect on the wound.
[0060] The antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment was tested for antibacterial performance in the same manner as in Example 1. The test results showed that the antibacterial hydrogel prepared in this embodiment has excellent bactericidal effect against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with bactericidal effects of 92% and 97% respectively, which meets the application requirements of hydrogel wound dressings.
[0061] In this embodiment, an antibacterial hydrogel dressing is constructed by synergistically combining spunlace nonwoven fabric and antibacterial hydrogel. The interface between the spunlace nonwoven fabric and the antibacterial hydrogel is combined by hydrogen bonds / van der Waals forces, achieving functional and structural complementarity. An antibacterial hydrogel dressing with a three-dimensional fiber skeleton and a high water content network structure is prepared, exhibiting excellent antibacterial and swelling effects.
[0062] Example 5 A method for preparing an antibacterial hydrogel dressing using spunlace nonwoven fabric as a carrier, specifically including the following steps: (1) The spunlace nonwoven fabric is subjected to ultraviolet sterilization treatment (the spunlace nonwoven fabric is made of natural fiber-cotton cellulose and seaweed cellulose, with a thickness of about 0.2 mm and a porosity of about 70%) to remove bacteria on the surface and obtain the spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier.
[0063] (2) The ultrasonically dispersed aqueous solution of nano-silver, nZnO, benzalkonium chloride and tannic acid was added to the aqueous solution of PVA and stirred evenly to form a hydrogel precursor solution. The concentration of PVA in the hydrogel precursor solution was 10% by mass, the concentration of nano-silver was 0.1% by mass, the concentration of nZnO was 0.1% by mass, the concentration of benzalkonium chloride was 0.1% by mass, and the concentration of tannic acid was 0.2% by mass.
[0064] (3) The spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier was immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution for 60s. The freezing cycle curing process was used. The process was repeated 3 times under the conditions of freezing temperature of -40℃, freezing time of 6h, thawing temperature of 8℃, and thawing time of 4h to obtain antibacterial hydrogel dressing.
[0065] The antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment was subjected to FTIR testing. The test results were similar to those in Example 1. The hydrogel spectrum showed a broad and strong band, centered at approximately 3200 cm⁻¹. -1 This is characteristic of OH stretching vibration, and it occurs at approximately 1060 cm⁻¹. -1 A distinct peak is observed nearby, attributed to the stretching vibration of the COC ether bond. These features confirm the abundance of hydroxyl and ether groups in the hydrogel matrix. Simultaneously, the OH peak of the hydrogel dressing is broader and stronger than that of the hydrogel, indicating an enhanced hydrogen bond network and further confirming the successful composite of the hydrogel and spunlace nonwoven fabric.
[0066] SEM tests were performed on the antibacterial hydrogel dressing, single hydrogel, and single spunlace nonwoven fabric prepared in this embodiment. The tests showed that the hydrogel has abundant pores and forms a three-dimensional network structure with an orderly arrangement. The spunlace nonwoven fabric is composed of a series of complexly interwoven fibers. The SEM images of the hydrogel dressing showed that the hydrogel and spunlace nonwoven fabric have been successfully combined. The hydrogel is attached to each fiber, and the fibers of the nonwoven fabric support the entire structure. The internal space is also abundant, which can provide good water absorption performance.
[0067] The antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment was subjected to the equilibrium swelling ratio test in the same manner as in Example 1. The test results showed that the ESR of the hydrogel dressing was approximately 498%, which meets the requirements for hydrogel dressings. This indicates that the hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment has an excellent equilibrium swelling ratio. The hydrogel dressing reached swelling equilibrium in 6 hours, which can quickly and effectively absorb wound exudate. Moreover, after absorbing water and swelling, it can more effectively release nano-ions and exert antibacterial effects on the wound.
[0068] The antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment was tested for antibacterial performance in the same manner as in Example 1. The test results showed that the antibacterial hydrogel prepared in this embodiment has excellent bactericidal effect against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with bactericidal effects of 99% and 99% respectively, which meets the application requirements of hydrogel wound dressings.
[0069] In this embodiment, an antibacterial hydrogel dressing is constructed by synergistically combining spunlace nonwoven fabric and antibacterial hydrogel. The interface between the spunlace nonwoven fabric and the antibacterial hydrogel is combined by hydrogen bonds / van der Waals forces, achieving functional and structural complementarity. An antibacterial hydrogel dressing with a three-dimensional fiber skeleton and a high water content network structure is prepared, exhibiting excellent antibacterial and swelling effects.
[0070] Example 6 A method for preparing an antibacterial hydrogel dressing using spunlace nonwoven fabric as a carrier, specifically including the following steps: (1) The spunlace nonwoven fabric is subjected to ultraviolet sterilization treatment (the spunlace nonwoven fabric is made of natural fiber - seaweed cellulose and bacterial fiber, with a thickness of about 0.2 mm and a porosity of about 70%) to remove bacteria on the surface and obtain the spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier.
[0071] (2) Add the ultrasonically dispersed aqueous solution of nano-silver, benzalkonium chloride and tannic acid to the aqueous solution of HA, stir evenly to form a hydrogel precursor solution, wherein the concentration of HA in the hydrogel precursor solution is 5% by mass, the concentration of nano-silver is 0.1% by mass, the concentration of benzalkonium chloride is 0.2% by mass, and the concentration of tannic acid is 0.2% by mass.
[0072] (3) The spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier was immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution for 60s. The freezing cycle curing process was used. The process was repeated 3 times under the conditions of freezing temperature of -60℃, freezing time of 6h, thawing temperature of 8℃, and thawing time of 4h to obtain antibacterial hydrogel dressing.
[0073] The antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment was subjected to FTIR testing. The test results were similar to those in Example 1. The hydrogel spectrum showed a broad and strong band, centered at approximately 3200 cm⁻¹. -1 This is characteristic of OH stretching vibration, and it occurs at approximately 1060 cm⁻¹. -1 A distinct peak is observed nearby, attributed to the stretching vibration of the COC ether bond. These features confirm the abundance of hydroxyl and ether groups in the hydrogel matrix. Simultaneously, the OH peak of the hydrogel dressing is broader and stronger than that of the hydrogel, indicating an enhanced hydrogen bond network and further confirming the successful composite of the hydrogel and spunlace nonwoven fabric.
[0074] SEM tests were performed on the antibacterial hydrogel dressing, single hydrogel, and single spunlace nonwoven fabric prepared in this embodiment. The tests showed that the hydrogel has abundant pores and forms a three-dimensional network structure with an orderly arrangement. The spunlace nonwoven fabric is composed of a series of complexly interwoven fibers. The SEM images of the hydrogel dressing showed that the hydrogel and spunlace nonwoven fabric have been successfully combined. The hydrogel is attached to each fiber, and the fibers of the nonwoven fabric support the entire structure. The internal space is also abundant, which can provide good water absorption performance.
[0075] The antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment was subjected to the equilibrium swelling ratio test in the same manner as in Example 1. The test results showed that the ESR of the hydrogel dressing was approximately 577%, which meets the requirements for hydrogel dressings. This indicates that the hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment has an excellent equilibrium swelling ratio. The hydrogel dressing reached swelling equilibrium in 6 hours, which can quickly and effectively absorb wound exudate. Moreover, after absorbing water and swelling, it can more effectively release nano-ions and exert antibacterial effects on the wound.
[0076] The antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment was tested for antibacterial performance in the same manner as in Example 1. The test results showed that the antibacterial hydrogel prepared in this embodiment has excellent bactericidal effect against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with bactericidal effects of 95% and 98% respectively, which meets the application requirements of hydrogel wound dressings.
[0077] In this embodiment, an antibacterial hydrogel dressing is constructed by synergistically combining spunlace nonwoven fabric and antibacterial hydrogel. The interface between the spunlace nonwoven fabric and the antibacterial hydrogel is combined by hydrogen bonds / van der Waals forces, achieving functional and structural complementarity. An antibacterial hydrogel dressing with a three-dimensional fiber skeleton and a high water content network structure is prepared, exhibiting excellent antibacterial and swelling effects.
[0078] Example 7 A method for preparing an antibacterial hydrogel dressing using spunlace nonwoven fabric as a carrier, specifically including the following steps: (1) The spunlace nonwoven fabric is subjected to ultraviolet sterilization treatment (the spunlace nonwoven fabric is made of natural fiber-cotton cellulose, bacterial cellulose and seaweed fiber, with a thickness of about 0.2 mm and a porosity of about 70%) to remove bacteria on the surface and obtain the spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier.
[0079] (2) Add the ultrasonically dispersed mixed aqueous solution of nano-silver and nZnO to the aqueous solution of chitosan, stir evenly to form a hydrogel precursor solution, wherein the concentration of chitosan in the hydrogel precursor solution is 5% by mass, the concentration of nano-silver is 0.3% by mass, and the concentration of nZnO is 0.2% by mass.
[0080] (3) The spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier was immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution for 60s. The freezing cycle curing process was used. The process was repeated 3 times under the conditions of freezing temperature of -60℃, freezing time of 6h, thawing temperature of 8℃, and thawing time of 4h to obtain antibacterial hydrogel dressing.
[0081] The antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment was subjected to FTIR testing. The test results were similar to those in Example 1. The hydrogel spectrum showed a broad and strong band, centered at approximately 3200 cm⁻¹. -1 This is characteristic of OH stretching vibration, and it occurs at approximately 1060 cm⁻¹.-1 A distinct peak is observed nearby, attributed to the stretching vibration of the COC ether bond. These features confirm the abundance of hydroxyl and ether groups in the hydrogel matrix. Simultaneously, the OH peak of the hydrogel dressing is broader and stronger than that of the hydrogel, indicating an enhanced hydrogen bond network and further confirming the successful composite of the hydrogel and spunlace nonwoven fabric.
[0082] SEM tests were performed on the antibacterial hydrogel dressing, mono-hydrogel, and mono-spunlace nonwoven fabric prepared in this embodiment. The tests showed that the hydrogel has abundant pores and forms a three-dimensional network structure with an orderly arrangement. The spunlace nonwoven fabric is composed of a series of complexly interwoven fibers. The SEM image of the hydrogel dressing showed that the hydrogel and spunlace nonwoven fabric have been successfully composited. The hydrogel is attached to each fiber, and the fibers of the nonwoven fabric support the entire structure. It also has abundant space inside, which can provide good water absorption performance.
[0083] The antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment was subjected to the equilibrium swelling ratio test in the same manner as in Example 1. The test results showed that the ESR of the hydrogel dressing was approximately 592%, which meets the requirements for hydrogel dressings. This indicates that the hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment has an excellent equilibrium swelling ratio. The hydrogel dressing reached swelling equilibrium in 6 hours, which can quickly and effectively absorb wound exudate. Moreover, after absorbing water and swelling, it can more effectively release nano-ions and exert antibacterial effects on the wound.
[0084] The antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this embodiment was tested for antibacterial performance in the same manner as in Example 1. The test results showed that the antibacterial hydrogel prepared in this embodiment has excellent bactericidal effect against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with bactericidal effects of 98% and 99% respectively, which meets the application requirements of hydrogel wound dressings.
[0085] In this embodiment, an antibacterial hydrogel dressing is constructed by synergistically combining spunlace nonwoven fabric and antibacterial hydrogel. The interface between the spunlace nonwoven fabric and the antibacterial hydrogel is combined by hydrogen bonds / van der Waals forces, achieving functional and structural complementarity. An antibacterial hydrogel dressing with a three-dimensional fiber skeleton and a high water content network structure is prepared, exhibiting excellent antibacterial and swelling effects.
[0086] Comparative Example 1 A method for preparing a hydrogel dressing using spunlace nonwoven fabric as a carrier specifically includes the following steps: (1) The spunlace nonwoven fabric is subjected to ultraviolet sterilization treatment (the spunlace nonwoven fabric is made of natural fiber-bacterial cellulose, with a thickness of 0.4 mm and a porosity of 80%) to remove bacteria on the surface and obtain the spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier.
[0087] (2) In the preparation of a mixed aqueous solution of PVA and HA, as a hydrogel precursor solution, the concentration of PVA in the hydrogel precursor solution is 5% by mass and the concentration of HA is 0.5% by mass.
[0088] (3) The spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier was immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution for 45s. The freezing cycle curing process was carried out for 3 cycles at a freezing temperature of -20℃, a freezing time of 16h, a thawing temperature of 4℃, and a thawing time of 8h to obtain the hydrogel dressing.
[0089] The antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this comparative example was subjected to FTIR testing, and the results showed that polyvinyl alcohol and hyaluronic acid were successfully combined to form a hydrogel.
[0090] SEM testing was performed on the antibacterial hydrogel prepared in this comparative example. The results showed that the hydrogel also had a large number of pores and sufficient space inside, and presented a three-dimensional network structure.
[0091] The hydrogel dressing prepared in this comparative example was subjected to an equilibrium swelling ratio test. The test method was the same as that in Example 1. The results showed that the equilibrium swelling ratio of the hydrogel dressing prepared in this comparative example was 590% after 6 hours and 600% after 24 hours.
[0092] The antibacterial properties of the hydrogel dressing prepared in this comparative example were tested using the same method as in Example 1. The results showed that the hydrogel dressing prepared in this comparative example had a bactericidal rate of 2% against Escherichia coli and 5% against Staphylococcus aureus. This is because the addition of antibacterial agents was lacking, and PVA and HA themselves have virtually no bactericidal effect. Therefore, the hydrogel dressing prepared in this comparative example is not suitable for use as a hydrogel wound dressing.
[0093] Comparative Example 2 A method for preparing an antibacterial hydrogel dressing using spunlace nonwoven fabric as a carrier, specifically including the following steps: (1) The spunlace nonwoven fabric is subjected to ultraviolet sterilization treatment (the spunlace nonwoven fabric is made of natural fiber-bacterial cellulose, with a thickness of 0.4 mm and a porosity of 80%) to remove bacteria on the surface and obtain the spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier.
[0094] (2) Add the ultrasonically dispersed nZnO aqueous solution to the PVA and HA aqueous solution, stir evenly to form a hydrogel precursor solution, wherein the concentration of PVA in the hydrogel precursor solution is 5% by mass, the concentration of HA is 0.5% by mass, and the concentration of nZnO is 0.25% by mass.
[0095] (3) Immerse the spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier in the hydrogel precursor solution for 45s, then take out the spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier and dry it at 60℃ for 12h to obtain the antibacterial hydrogel dressing.
[0096] FTIR testing was performed on the antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this comparative example. The results showed that PVA and HA did not completely form a hydrogel, and its structure had not yet been formed.
[0097] SEM analysis of the antibacterial hydrogel prepared in this comparative example showed that the hydrogel structure was loose, lacking a three-dimensional network structure, indicating a lack of structural support, and it was not bonded to the fibers of the spunlace nonwoven fabric. The equilibrium swelling ratio of the antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this comparative example was tested using the same method as in Example 1. The results showed that the equilibrium swelling ratio of the antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this comparative example was 450% after 6 hours and 458% after 24 hours.
[0098] The antibacterial performance of the antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this comparative example was tested using the same method as in Example 1. The results showed that the antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this comparative example had a bactericidal rate of 36% against Escherichia coli and 47% against Staphylococcus aureus. This is because although antibacterial agents were added to the system, they were not fully incorporated into the hydrogel and their binding with the hydrogel was weak. Without the support of the hydrogel structure, they may agglomerate in large quantities, reducing the effective surface area and thus resulting in an unsatisfactory antibacterial effect.
[0099] Comparative Example 3 A method for preparing an antibacterial hydrogel dressing using spunlace nonwoven fabric as a carrier, specifically including the following steps: (1) The spunlace nonwoven fabric is subjected to ultraviolet sterilization treatment (the spunlace nonwoven fabric is made of natural fiber-bacterial cellulose, with a thickness of 0.4 mm and a porosity of 80%) to remove bacteria on the surface and obtain the spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier.
[0100] (2) Add the ultrasonically dispersed nZnO aqueous solution to the gelatin aqueous solution and stir evenly to form a hydrogel precursor solution, wherein the concentration of gelatin in the hydrogel precursor solution is 5% by mass and the concentration of nZnO is 0.25% by mass.
[0101] (3) The spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier was immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution for 45s. The freezing cycle curing process was used. The process was repeated 3 times under the conditions of freezing temperature of -20℃, freezing time of 16h, thawing temperature of 4℃, and thawing time of 8h to obtain antibacterial hydrogel dressing.
[0102] FTIR testing was performed on the antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this comparative example. The results showed that gelatin and hyaluronic acid successfully formed a hydrogel, which was basically combined with the spunlace nonwoven fabric.
[0103] SEM testing was performed on the antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this comparative example. The results showed that the internal structure of the hydrogel dressing was also relatively loose. Although it had a network structure and the support of spunlace nonwoven fibers, its bonding with the fibers was weak.
[0104] The equilibrium swelling ratio of the antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this comparative example was tested using the same method as in Example 1. The results showed that the equilibrium swelling ratio of the antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this comparative example was 550% after 6 hours and 555% after 24 hours.
[0105] The antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this comparative example was tested for antibacterial properties using the same method as in Example 1. The results showed that the antibacterial hydrogel dressing prepared in this comparative example had a bactericidal rate of 62% against Escherichia coli and 70% against Staphylococcus aureus. This is because the antibacterial agent basically entered the interior of the hydrogel and did not accumulate in large quantities, thus allowing for effective release. However, because the hydrogel structure formed by gelatin is not completely robust, and some structures may collapse during the experiment, it may be impossible to maintain the effective release of the antibacterial agent.
[0106] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or improvement of the technology in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims
1. An antibacterial hydrogel dressing using spunlace nonwoven fabric as a carrier, characterized in that, The antibacterial hydrogel dressing consists of a spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier layer and an antibacterial hydrogel functional layer loaded on the surface and in the pores of the spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier layer.
2. The antibacterial hydrogel dressing with spunlace nonwoven fabric as a carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spunlace nonwoven carrier layer is made of medical-grade fibers with a thickness of 0.1~0.5mm and a porosity of 60~90%; the medical-grade fibers are one or more combinations of natural fibers and synthetic biodegradable fibers.
3. The method for preparing the antibacterial hydrogel dressing using spunlace nonwoven fabric as a carrier as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Specifically, the following steps are included: (1) Sterilize the spunlace nonwoven fabric to obtain the spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier; (2) The antibacterial component is added to the aqueous solution of the hydrophilic polymer substrate to form a hydrogel precursor solution; (3) Immerse the spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier in the hydrogel precursor solution and solidify it by freeze-cycle to obtain an antibacterial hydrogel dressing.
4. The method for preparing an antibacterial hydrogel dressing using spunlace nonwoven fabric as a carrier according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step (2), the hydrophilic polymer substrate is one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan, and hyaluronic acid; the antibacterial component is one or more of nano silver, nano zinc oxide, benzalkonium chloride, and tannic acid.
5. The method for preparing an antibacterial hydrogel dressing using spunlace nonwoven fabric as a carrier according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step (2), the mass percentage concentration of the hydrophilic polymer substrate in the hydrogel precursor solution is 5-10%; and the mass percentage concentration of the antibacterial component in the hydrogel precursor solution is 0.1-0.5%.
6. The method for preparing an antibacterial hydrogel dressing using spunlace nonwoven fabric as a carrier according to claim 3, characterized in that, The time for immersing the spunlace nonwoven fabric carrier in the hydrogel precursor solution in step (3) is 30~60s.
7. The method for preparing an antibacterial hydrogel dressing using spunlace nonwoven fabric as a carrier according to claim 3, characterized in that, The conditions for solidification using the freezing cycle process in step (3) are: freezing temperature of -20~-60℃, freezing time of 6~24h, thawing temperature of 2~8℃, thawing time of 4~12h, and number of cycles of 3~5.