High-precision electric spark forming equipment
By designing the inner and outer tank structures, and combining the reciprocating motion of the piston block and the one-way valve, the working fluid achieves directional flow from bottom to top, solving the problem of electro-erosion slag accumulation in the machining of deep-cavity workpieces and improving machining accuracy and stability.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-10
AI Technical Summary
When machining deep-cavity workpieces, existing EDM equipment makes it difficult for slag to detach from the deep cavity, leading to accumulation and affecting machining accuracy and stability.
It adopts an inner and outer tank structure, combined with a piston block and one-way valve design, to achieve the directional flow of the working fluid from bottom to top through reciprocating motion, which carries the electro-erosion slag upward and avoids accumulation.
It improves the machining accuracy of deep-cavity workpieces, prevents electrolytic slag from accumulating at the bottom of the deep cavity, and ensures machining stability and accuracy.
Smart Images
Figure CN121820796A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of electrical discharge equipment technology, and in particular to a high-precision electrical discharge forming equipment. Background Technology
[0002] Electrical discharge machining (EDM) equipment is a key piece of equipment used for precision forming in the machining field. It typically consists of a motor assembly, a working tank, a clamping table, and a working fluid circulation system. During processing, the working tank is filled with working fluid, the workpiece is placed on the clamping table and submerged in the working fluid, and a high-frequency pulse voltage is applied between the machining electrode and the workpiece. This causes the working fluid between the electrode and the workpiece to break down, forming a discharge channel. The instantaneous high temperature erodes the metal material on the surface of the workpiece, forming electro-erosion slag. By controlling the discharge parameters and the relative movement trajectory of the electrodes, the material is gradually removed to form the desired shape and size. At the same time, the working fluid circulation system continuously extracts working fluid from the working tank and continuously delivers clean working fluid to the machining area, achieving the functions of cooling the electrode and workpiece and removing electro-erosion slag.
[0003] In actual machining, a segmented machining mode is commonly used for deep-cavity workpieces. This involves dividing the total machining depth of the deep cavity into several segments. After each segment is machined, the electrode is raised and retracted to allow for heat dissipation before proceeding to the next segment. However, each machining operation generates electro-erosion slag. Existing circulation devices typically draw the working fluid out through a suction port at the bottom of the working tank for circulation. As a result, the working fluid inside the tank tends to flow downwards. Given the considerable depth of the deep-cavity workpiece, the electro-erosion slag is difficult to remove from the deep cavity with the working fluid and tends to accumulate there. This leads to the accumulation of electro-erosion slag forming an additional discharge medium between the electrode and the workpiece during the next machining stage, causing unstable discharge phenomena such as secondary discharge. It also disrupts the pre-set stable discharge gap between the electrode and the workpiece, resulting in uneven electro-erosion and consequently reducing the machining accuracy of the deep-cavity workpiece, which is a significant drawback. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To improve the machining accuracy of deep-cavity workpieces, this application provides a high-precision electrical discharge machining (EDM) device.
[0005] The high-precision electrical discharge machining equipment provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A high-precision electrical discharge machining (EDM) device includes a frame, on which a working electrode and a clamping stage are mounted. An inner pool and an outer pool are mounted on the frame. The clamping stage is located inside the inner pool, and the outer pool is fitted around the outer periphery of the inner pool. A buffer box is mounted on the frame, and a piston block is slidably connected inside the buffer box. The lower surface of the piston block and the inner wall of the buffer box enclose a liquid storage cavity. A suction pipe communicating with the liquid storage cavity is circumferentially arranged on the top of the inner pool, and the suction pipe is equipped with… The device is equipped with a first one-way valve. The liquid storage chamber is connected to the outer pool body through multiple liquid delivery pipes, and a second one-way valve is installed on the liquid delivery pipes. The bottom of the outer pool body is connected to the inner pool body through multiple liquid return pipes, and a third one-way valve is installed on the liquid return pipes. A reciprocating assembly is installed on the frame to drive the piston block to reciprocate. When the piston block moves upward, the first one-way valve opens and the second one-way valve closes. When the piston block moves downward, the first one-way valve closes and the second one-way valve opens.
[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, when the reciprocating assembly drives the piston block to move upward, the pressure in the storage chamber decreases, the first one-way valve opens, and the second one-way valve closes to cut off the connection between the storage chamber and the outer tank. At this time, the working fluid in the inner tank is attracted by the negative pressure of the storage chamber and flows directionally into the storage chamber from the top suction pipe, thereby causing the working fluid inside the inner tank to form a downward flow trend. When the piston block moves downward, the pressure in the storage chamber increases, the first one-way valve closes to block the reverse flow of the working fluid, and the second one-way valve opens, allowing the working fluid stored in the storage chamber to flow back into the outer tank. Under pressure, the working fluid is delivered to the outer tank through the delivery pipe. The working fluid inside the outer tank flows back to the bottom of the inner tank through the return pipe. During injection, the cleaning working fluid naturally forms an upward flow trend, continuously replenishing the processing area. During the reciprocating motion of the piston block, the working fluid inside the inner tank always maintains an upward flow direction. This allows the electro-erosion slag inside the deep cavity to be synchronously carried upward to the inlet of the suction pipe, thereby avoiding the accumulation of electro-erosion slag at the bottom of the deep cavity, which would affect the subsequent processing accuracy and improve the processing accuracy of deep cavity workpieces.
[0007] Optionally, the reciprocating assembly includes drive cylinders disposed on opposite sides of the buffer box, piston rods extending out of the buffer box are disposed at both ends of the piston block, and the output shaft of the drive cylinder is disposed on the piston rods.
[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, during operation, the drive cylinder pushes and pulls the piston rods on both sides simultaneously through the extension and retraction of the piston rod, thereby driving the piston block to slide back and forth along the inner wall of the buffer tank, thus realizing the directional flow of the working fluid inside the inner and outer tanks.
[0009] Optionally, the bottom of the inner tank is provided with a vertical pipe corresponding to each of the multiple return pipes. The vertical pipe is connected to the corresponding return pipe. A spiral guide plate is provided on the inner side wall of the vertical pipe along the axial direction. A pressure boosting nozzle is provided at the outlet end of the vertical pipe. The pressure boosting nozzle is conical and the side with the smaller opening is away from the return pipe.
[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, when the piston block moves downward, the pressure in the storage chamber increases, causing the second one-way valve to open. At this time, the working fluid flows through the return pipe into the vertical pipe and rises along the spiral guide plate. When it flows through the conical pressure inlet, the opening of the pressure inlet gradually decreases along the flow direction, increasing the outflow velocity of the working fluid. This causes the working fluid to form a high-pressure spiral jet. At this time, the water at the bottom of the inner pool, which was originally relatively static, rotates synchronously and is carried upward under the kinetic energy of the high-pressure spiral jet, further strengthening the tendency of the working fluid to flow directionally from the bottom to the top of the inner pool.
[0011] Optionally, the upper surface of the piston block and the inner wall of the buffer tank form an air cavity. The first one-way valve and the second one-way valve have the same structure, both including a square tube communicating with the inside of the liquid storage cavity. A sealing plate is fixedly installed inside each square tube. The sealing plate has an opening for the working fluid to flow through. A valve plate for sealing the opening is slidably connected inside the square tube. A driving block is provided on the valve plate. Air cylinders are provided on opposite sides of each square tube. An air rod is slidably connected inside the air cylinder. The air cylinders of the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve are arranged opposite each other in the vertical direction. Each air cylinder is connected to the air cavity through an air pipe. The air rod is set on the driving block. When the piston block does not move, both valve plates seal the opening.
[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, when the piston block moves upward, the pressure inside the air chamber increases, and the gas inside the air chamber is sent into the air cylinder of the first one-way valve through the air pipe. At this time, the air rod pushes the valve plate upward, thereby increasing the opening cross-section of the sealing plate and realizing the conduction of the first one-way valve. The air cylinder of the corresponding second one-way valve synchronously receives high-pressure gas, and the air rod presses the valve plate against the inside of the square tube, so that the sealing surface of the valve plate is tightly fitted with the sealing plate, thereby maintaining the sealing of the second one-way valve and blocking the communication path between the liquid storage chamber and the outer pool. When the piston block moves downward, a negative pressure is formed inside the air chamber, and the negative pressure is synchronously transmitted through the air pipe. The fluid is delivered into the cylinder. At this time, the cylinder of the first one-way valve is under negative pressure, and the air rod pulls the valve plate downward, so that the sealing surface of the valve plate is tightly fitted with the sealing plate, realizing the sealing of the first one-way valve, blocking the communication between the inner pool and the liquid storage chamber, and preventing the working fluid carrying residue in the liquid storage chamber from flowing back into the inner pool and causing secondary pollution. The cylinder corresponding to the second one-way valve is simultaneously driven by negative pressure, and the air rod pulls the valve plate upward, increasing the opening cross section of the sealing plate, realizing the conduction of the second one-way valve. In this way, the reciprocating motion of the piston block synchronously changes the opening and closing state of the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve, thereby ensuring the directional flow of the working fluid.
[0013] Optionally, the outer tank body is provided with a filter layer for filtering the working fluid.
[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, when the working fluid flows through the filter layer, the filter layer can intercept impurities such as electrolytic slag in the working fluid, thereby reducing the possibility of secondary pollution of the working fluid inside the inner tank caused by the return of the working fluid, and ensuring that the working fluid returned to the inner tank remains clean.
[0015] Optionally, the filter layer includes two first filter plates and a second filter plate. The first filter plate is parallel to the length direction of the outer pool body, and the second filter plate is parallel to the width direction of the outer pool body. The inner side wall of the outer pool body is provided with a first sliding groove that slides with the first filter plate, and the first filter plate is provided with a second sliding groove that slides with the second filter plate. The outer pool body is provided with an inspection door in the area corresponding to the first filter plate and the second filter plate.
[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, when the filter layer is saturated, the worker first opens the inspection door of the second filter plate, pulls the second filter plate outward, and after the second filter plate is removed, opens the inspection door of the first filter plate and removes the first filter plate from the inside of the outer tank. This achieves timely replacement of the clogged filter layer and ensures that the filter layer maintains its filtration performance.
[0017] Optionally, a surrounding plate is provided on the inner periphery of the top wall of the inner pool. The surrounding plate has movable grooves corresponding to the multiple suction pipes one by one. The movable grooves are parallel to the diagonal direction of the inner pool. A movable plate is slidably connected inside the movable groove. The suction pipes are detachably connected to the movable plates through connecting flanges. The section of the suction pipe that communicates with the buffer box is a corrugated section. An adjustment component is provided on the inner pool to drive the multiple movable plates to move synchronously along the movable grooves.
[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, after the workpiece is clamped, the worker drives multiple moving plates to move synchronously along the moving groove towards the workpiece by adjusting the components. When the moving plates move, the suction port of the suction pipe can be brought close to the outer periphery of the workpiece. After the suction port is close to the workpiece, the effective distance of the top negative pressure suction is shortened, thereby increasing the suction force acting on the opening of the deep cavity and reducing the possibility of slag spreading at the opening of the deep cavity or falling back into the cavity.
[0019] Optionally, the adjustment assembly includes an adjustment ring slidably sleeved on the outer periphery of the inner pool body. The adjustment ring is concentrically arranged with the surrounding plate. An adjustment rod corresponding to each of the multiple moving plates is hinged to the adjustment ring. The end of the adjustment rod away from the adjustment ring is hinged to the moving plate. An adjustment cylinder is provided on the outer periphery of the inner pool body to drive the adjustment ring to rise and fall.
[0020] By adopting the above technical solution,
[0021] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: During the process of the reciprocating assembly driving the piston block to move back and forth, under the coordinated action of the buffer tank, the first check valve, the second check valve and the third check valve, the working fluid inside the inner tank always maintains the flow direction from bottom to top. This allows the electro-erosion slag inside the deep cavity to be synchronously carried upward to the inlet of the suction pipe, thereby avoiding the accumulation of electro-erosion slag at the bottom of the deep cavity and affecting the subsequent processing accuracy, thus improving the processing accuracy of deep cavity workpieces. This application, by setting up moving plates and adjusting components, allows workers to drive multiple moving plates to move synchronously along the moving groove towards the workpiece after the workpiece is clamped. When the moving plates move, the suction port of the suction pipe can synchronously approach the outer periphery of the workpiece. After the suction port approaches the workpiece, the effective distance of the top negative pressure suction is shortened, thereby increasing the suction force acting on the opening of the deep cavity and reducing the possibility of slag spreading at the opening of the deep cavity or falling back into the cavity. Attached Figure Description
[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this application.
[0023] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the inner pool and the outer pool in the embodiment of this application.
[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the square tube in an embodiment of this application.
[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter layer in an embodiment of this application.
[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment component in the embodiments of this application. Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 01, Working electrode; 02, Clamping platform; 03, Servo drive mechanism; 1, Frame; 2, Inner tank; 21, Suction pipe; 211, First check valve; 22, Enclosure plate; 221, Moving groove; 3, Outer tank; 31, Delivery pipe; 311, Second check valve; 32, Return pipe; 321, Third check valve; 33, Vertical pipe; 331, Spiral guide plate; 332, Pressure boosting nozzle; 34, First sliding groove; 35, Inspection door; 4, Through Filter layer; 41, First filter plate; 411, Second sliding groove; 42, Second filter plate; 5, Buffer box; 51, Liquid storage chamber; 52, Air chamber; 6, Piston block; 7, Drive cylinder; 8, Square tube; 81, Sealing plate; 811, Opening; 82, Valve plate; 83, Drive block; 84, Air cylinder; 85, Air rod; 86, Air pipe; 9, Moving plate; 91, Mounting groove; 10, Adjustment assembly; 101, Adjustment ring; 102, Adjustment rod; 103, Adjustment cylinder. Detailed Implementation
[0027] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-5 This application will be described in further detail.
[0028] This application discloses a high-precision electrical discharge machining (EDM) equipment.
[0029] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A high-precision electrical discharge machining (EDM) equipment includes a frame 1, on which a working electrode 01, an inner tank 2, and a clamping table 02 are mounted. The clamping table 02 is installed inside the inner tank 2. The working electrode 01 is located above the clamping table and is mounted on the top of the frame 1 via a servo drive mechanism 03. The working electrode 01 can move up and down along the Z-axis. In this embodiment, the specific composition and principle of the servo drive mechanism 03 and the working electrode 01 are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.
[0030] During processing, the deep cavity workpiece is clamped on the clamping table 02, and then working fluid is injected into the inner pool 2 so that the opening 811 of the deep cavity workpiece is submerged below the working fluid surface. Then, the servo drive mechanism 03 can drive the working electrode 01 to rise and fall to realize the processing of the deep cavity workpiece.
[0031] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2An outer pool 3 is mounted on the frame 1. The outer pool 3 is fitted around the outer periphery of the inner pool 2 and has a filter layer 4 for filtering the working liquid inside. The outer pool 3 is filled with the working liquid. A buffer tank 5 is mounted on the frame 1 above the outer pool 3. A piston block 6 is slidably connected inside the buffer tank 5 along the vertical direction. The lower surface of the piston block 6 and the inner wall of the buffer tank 5 enclose a liquid storage chamber 51, and the upper surface and the inner wall of the buffer tank 5 enclose an air chamber 52. A reciprocating assembly is provided on the frame 1. The reciprocating assembly includes drive cylinders 7 fixedly mounted on opposite sides of the top of the buffer tank 5. Piston rods (not shown in the figure) are fixedly connected to opposite ends of the top surface of the piston block 6. The output shaft of the drive cylinder 7 is fixedly connected to the piston rod. The reciprocating motion of the piston block 6 inside the buffer tank 5 is driven by the extension and retraction of the output shaft of the drive cylinder 7.
[0032] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The inner tank 2 has suction pipes 21 evenly installed around its circumference, communicating with the buffer tank 5. A first check valve 211 is installed on the suction pipes 21 to control the flow of the liquid. The suction port of the suction pipes 21 is below the working liquid in the inner tank 2 and above the opening 811 of the deep cavity workpiece, thus ensuring smooth suction of the working liquid. The outer tank 3 has delivery pipes 31 evenly installed around its circumference, communicating with the buffer tank 5. A control valve 31 is installed on the delivery pipes 31. The second one-way valve 311 for opening and closing the liquid path, the liquid delivery pipe 31 and the liquid suction pipe 21 are all connected to the inside of the liquid storage chamber 51. The bottom of the outer pool 3 is connected to the inside of the inner pool 2 through multiple return pipes 32. A third one-way valve 321 is installed on the return pipe 32. The third one-way valve 321 restricts the working liquid to flow only unidirectionally from the outer pool 3 to the inner pool 2. In this embodiment, there are four return pipes 32, liquid delivery pipes 31 and liquid suction pipes 21, which are located at the corners of the pool body.
[0033] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, the first one-way valve 211 and the second one-way valve 311 have the same structure, both including a square tube 8 connected to the buffer tank 5 and the liquid delivery pipe 31 or the liquid suction pipe 21 through a connecting flange. Each square tube 8 has a sealing plate 81 fixedly connected to its inner sidewall. The sealing plate 81 has an opening 811 for the working fluid to flow through. A valve plate 82 is slidably connected inside the square tube 8. The outer surface of the valve plate 82 is tightly fitted to the inner sidewall of the square tube 8. The end of the valve plate 82 extends out of the opening 811 and is fixedly connected to a driving block 83. The width of the driving block 83 is greater than the width of the valve plate 82.
[0034] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3Each square tube 8 has an air cylinder 84 fixedly installed on both sides. The air cylinders 84 of the first one-way valve 211 and the second one-way valve 311 are arranged opposite each other in the vertical direction. In this embodiment, the air cylinders 84 of the first one-way valve 211 are located on both sides of the square tube 8, and the air cylinders 84 of the second one-way valve 311 are located below the square tube 8. An air rod 85 is slidably connected inside the air cylinder 84. The bottom of each air cylinder 84 is connected to the air chamber 52 through an air pipe 86. The free end of the air rod 85 is fixedly connected to the drive block 83. When the piston block 6 does not move, the air rod 85 of the first one-way valve 211 is in a retracted state, and the air rod 85 of the second one-way valve 311 is in an extended state. At this time, the sealing surfaces of the two valve plates 82 block the opening 811.
[0035] During the deep cavity workpiece machining process, the reciprocating assembly drives the piston block 6 to reciprocate within the buffer tank 5. When the piston block 6 moves upward, the pressure inside the air chamber 52 increases, and the gas inside the air chamber 52 is sent into the air cylinder 84 of the first one-way valve 211 through the air pipe 86. The air rod 85 pushes the valve plate 82 upward, thereby increasing the cross-section of the opening 811 of the sealing plate 81 and enabling the first one-way valve 211 to be open. The air cylinder 84 of the corresponding second one-way valve 311 simultaneously receives high-pressure gas, and the air rod 85 presses the valve plate 82 against the inside of the square tube 8, causing the sealing surface of the valve plate 82 to block the opening 811. The second one-way valve 311 closes to cut off the communication path between the liquid storage chamber 51 and the outer pool 3. At the same time, the pressure in the liquid storage chamber 51 decreases, and the working fluid in the inner pool 2 is adsorbed by the negative pressure of the liquid storage chamber 51 and flows into the liquid storage chamber 51 from the top suction pipe 21, thereby causing the working fluid inside the inner pool 2 to form a downward flow trend. When piston block 6 moves downward, a negative pressure is formed inside air chamber 52. This negative pressure is simultaneously transmitted to air cylinder 84 through air pipe 86. At this time, air cylinder 84 of the first one-way valve 211 is subjected to negative pressure, and air rod 85 pulls valve plate 82 downward, causing valve plate 82 to block opening 811, thus achieving the sealing of the first one-way valve 211 and blocking the connection between inner pool 2 and liquid storage chamber 51. This prevents the slag-carrying working fluid in liquid storage chamber 51 from flowing back into inner pool 2 and causing secondary pollution. Air cylinder 84 corresponding to the second one-way valve 311 is simultaneously driven by negative pressure, and air rod 85 retracts into air cylinder 84 while pulling valve plate 82 upward, increasing the cross-section of opening 811 and enabling the second one-way valve 311 to open. Simultaneously, the pressure in the liquid storage chamber 51 increases, and the working fluid stored inside the liquid storage chamber 51 is transported to the outer pool 3 under pressure through the liquid delivery pipe 31. After being filtered by the filter layer 4, the working fluid inside the outer pool 3 flows back to the bottom of the inner pool 2 through the return pipe 32. During injection, the cleaning working fluid naturally forms a bottom-up flow trend, continuously replenishing the processing area. In this way, during the processing of deep cavity workpieces, the working fluid inside the inner pool 2 always maintains a bottom-up flow direction, so that the electro-erosion slag inside the deep cavity is synchronously carried upward to the inlet of the suction pipe 21, thereby avoiding the accumulation of electro-erosion slag at the bottom of the deep cavity and affecting the subsequent processing accuracy, thus improving the processing accuracy of deep cavity workpieces.
[0036] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The bottom of the inner tank 2 is provided with vertical pipes 33 corresponding to the four return pipes 32. The vertical pipes 33 are connected to the corresponding return pipes 32. The inner side wall of the vertical pipe 33 is fixedly connected with a spiral guide plate 331 along the axial direction. The outlet end of the vertical pipe 33 is integrally formed with a pressure nozzle 332. The pressure nozzle 332 is conical and the side with the smaller opening 811 is away from the return pipe 32. When the working fluid flows through the return pipe 32 into the interior of the vertical pipe 33, it will rise along the spiral guide plate 331. When it flows through the conical pressure nozzle 332, the outflow velocity of the working fluid increases because the opening 811 of the pressure nozzle 332 gradually decreases along the flow direction. This causes the working fluid to form a high-pressure spiral jet. At this time, the water body at the bottom of the inner tank 2, which was originally relatively static, rotates synchronously and is carried upward under the kinetic energy of the high-pressure spiral jet, further strengthening the tendency of the working fluid to flow directionally from the bottom to the top of the inner tank 2.
[0037] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4The filter layer 4 includes two first filter plates 41 and a second filter plate 42. The first filter plate 41 is parallel to the length direction of the outer pool body 3, and the second filter plate 42 is parallel to the width direction of the outer pool body 3. The inner side wall of the outer pool body 3 is provided with a first sliding groove 34 that slides with the first filter plate 41, and the first filter plate 41 is provided with a second sliding groove 411 that slides with the second filter plate 42. The areas of the outer pool body 3 corresponding to the first filter plate 41 and the second filter plate 42 are equipped with inspection doors 35. When the filter layer 4 is saturated, the worker first opens the inspection door 35 at the second filter plate 42 and pulls the second filter plate 42 outward. After the second filter plate 42 is removed, the worker opens the inspection door 35 at the first filter plate 41 and removes the first filter plate 41 from the inside of the outer pool body 3. This enables timely replacement of the clogged filter layer 4 and ensures that the filter layer 4 maintains its filtration performance.
[0038] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 A surrounding plate 22 is fixedly connected to the inner periphery of the top wall of the inner pool 2. The surrounding plate 22 has a movable groove 221 corresponding to the four suction pipes 21. The movable groove 221 extends along the diagonal direction of the inner pool 2 toward the center of the clamping platform 02. A movable plate 9 is slidably connected inside the movable groove 221. An installation groove 91 is provided on the movable plate 9. The suction pipe 21 is detachably connected to the movable plate 9 through a connecting flange, and the suction port extends into the inner pool 2 through the installation groove 91. In this embodiment, the pipe section connecting the suction pipe 21 to the buffer box 5 is a corrugated section to ensure the smooth movement of the suction pipe 21.
[0039] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 An adjustment assembly 10 is provided on the inner pool body 2. The adjustment assembly 10 includes an adjustment ring 101 that is slidably sleeved on the outer periphery of the inner pool body 2. The adjustment ring 101 is concentrically arranged with the surrounding plate 22. An adjustment rod 102 corresponding to a plurality of movable plates 9 is hinged on the adjustment ring 101. The end of the adjustment rod 102 away from the adjustment ring 101 is hinged to the movable plate 9. An adjustment cylinder 103 that drives the adjustment ring 101 to rise and fall is provided on the outer periphery of the inner pool body 2.
[0040] After the workpiece is clamped, the worker controls the adjusting cylinder 103 to pull the adjusting ring 101 downward. When the adjusting ring 101 moves, the angle between the multiple adjusting rods 102 and the vertical direction increases in the third quadrant. At this time, the multiple adjusting rods 102 drive the multiple moving plates 9 to move synchronously along the moving groove 221 toward the direction closer to the workpiece. When the moving plates 9 move, they drive the suction port of the suction pipe 21 to synchronously approach the outer periphery of the workpiece. After the suction port approaches the workpiece, the effective distance of the top negative pressure suction is shortened, thereby increasing the suction force acting on the deep cavity opening 811 and reducing the possibility of slag spreading at the deep cavity opening or falling back into the cavity.
[0041] The implementation principle of a high-precision EDM forming device according to this application embodiment is as follows: During the deep cavity workpiece processing, the reciprocating assembly drives the piston block 6 to reciprocate inside the buffer tank 5. When the piston block 6 moves upward, the pressure in the liquid storage chamber 51 decreases, the first one-way valve 211 opens, and the second one-way valve 311 closes to cut off the communication path between the liquid storage chamber 51 and the outer tank 3. At this time, the working fluid in the inner tank 2 is attracted by the negative pressure of the liquid storage chamber 51 and flows into the liquid storage chamber 51 from the top suction pipe 21, thereby causing the working fluid inside the inner tank 2 to form a downward flow trend. When the piston block 6 moves downward, the pressure in the liquid storage chamber 51 increases, and the first one-way valve 211 closes to block the flow. When the working fluid flows back in the reverse direction, the second one-way valve 311 opens, and the working fluid stored in the storage chamber 51 is transported to the outer pool 3 under pressure through the delivery pipe 31. After being purified by the filter layer 4, the working fluid flows back to the bottom of the inner pool 2 through the return pipe 32. When injected, the clean working fluid naturally forms a bottom-up flow trend, continuously replenishing the processing area. In this way, during the processing of deep cavity workpieces, the working fluid inside the inner pool 2 always maintains a bottom-up flow direction, so that the electro-erosion slag inside the deep cavity is synchronously carried upward to the inlet of the suction pipe 21, thereby avoiding the accumulation of electro-erosion slag at the bottom of the deep cavity and affecting the subsequent processing accuracy, thus improving the processing accuracy of deep cavity workpieces.
[0042] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A high-precision electrical discharge machining (EDM) equipment, comprising a frame (1), wherein a working electrode (01) and a clamping table (02) are disposed on the frame (1), characterized in that, The frame (1) is provided with an inner pool (2) and an outer pool (3). The clamping table (02) is located inside the inner pool (2). The outer pool (3) is fitted around the outer periphery of the inner pool (2). The frame (1) is provided with a buffer box (5). A piston block (6) is slidably connected inside the buffer box (5). The lower surface of the piston block (6) and the inner wall of the buffer box (5) enclose a liquid storage cavity (51). A suction pipe (21) communicating with the liquid storage cavity (51) is provided circumferentially at the top of the inner pool (2). A first one-way valve (211) is provided on the suction pipe (21). The liquid storage cavity (51) is connected to multiple... The liquid delivery pipe (31) is connected to the outer pool body (3). A second one-way valve (311) is provided on the liquid delivery pipe (31). The bottom of the outer pool body (3) is connected to the inner pool body (2) through multiple return pipes (32). A third one-way valve (321) is provided on the return pipe (32). A reciprocating assembly that drives the piston block (6) to reciprocate is provided on the frame (1). When the piston block (6) moves upward, the first one-way valve (211) opens and the second one-way valve (311) closes. When the piston block (6) moves downward, the first one-way valve (211) closes and the second one-way valve (311) opens.
2. The high-precision electrical discharge machining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reciprocating assembly includes drive cylinders (7) disposed on opposite sides of the buffer box (5), and piston rods extending out of the buffer box (5) are provided at both ends of the piston block (6), with the output shaft of the drive cylinder (7) disposed on the piston rods.
3. The high-precision electrical discharge machining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the inner tank (2) is provided with vertical pipes (33) corresponding to the multiple return pipes (32) one by one. The vertical pipes (33) are connected to the corresponding return pipes (32). The inner side wall of the vertical pipe (33) is provided with a spiral guide plate (331) along the axial direction. The outlet end of the vertical pipe (33) is provided with a pressure nozzle (332). The pressure nozzle (332) is conical and the side with the smaller opening (811) is away from the return pipe (32).
4. The high-precision electrical discharge machining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the piston block (6) and the inner wall of the buffer tank (5) form an air cavity (52). The first one-way valve (211) and the second one-way valve (311) have the same structure, both including a square tube (8) communicating with the inside of the liquid storage chamber (51). A sealing plate (81) is fixedly installed inside each square tube (8). An opening (811) for the working fluid to flow is opened on the sealing plate (81). A valve plate (82) for sealing the opening (811) is slidably connected inside the square tube (8). A drive is provided on the valve plate (82). The moving block (83) has air cylinders (84) on both sides of each square tube (8). An air rod (85) is slidably connected inside the air cylinder (84). The air cylinders (84) of the first one-way valve (211) and the second one-way valve (311) are arranged opposite each other in the vertical direction. Each air cylinder (84) is connected to the air chamber (52) through an air pipe (86). The air rod (85) is set on the driving block (83). When the piston block (6) is not moved, both valve plates (82) block the opening (811).
5. The high-precision electrical discharge machining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer pool body (3) is provided with a filter layer (4) for filtering the working liquid.
6. The high-precision electrical discharge machining equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The filter layer (4) includes two first filter plates (41) and a second filter plate (42). The first filter plate (41) is parallel to the length direction of the outer pool body (3), and the second filter plate (42) is parallel to the width direction of the outer pool body (3). The inner sidewall of the outer pool body (3) is provided with a first sliding groove (34) that slides with the first filter plate (41). The first filter plate (41) is provided with a second sliding groove (411) that slides with the second filter plate (42). The outer pool body (3) is provided with an inspection door (35) in the area corresponding to the first filter plate (41) and the second filter plate (42).
7. The high-precision electrical discharge machining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner pool (2) has a surrounding plate (22) on the inner periphery of its top wall. The surrounding plate (22) has a moving groove (221) corresponding to each of the multiple suction pipes (21). The moving groove (221) is parallel to the diagonal direction of the inner pool (2). A moving plate (9) is slidably connected inside the moving groove (221). The suction pipe (21) is detachably connected to the moving plate (9) through a connecting flange. The section of the suction pipe (21) that connects to the buffer box (5) is a corrugated section. The inner pool (2) is provided with an adjustment component (10) that drives the multiple moving plates (9) to move synchronously along the moving groove (221).
8. A high-precision electrical discharge machining (EDM) equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly (10) includes an adjustment ring (101) slidably sleeved on the outer periphery of the inner pool body (2). The adjustment ring (101) is concentrically arranged with the surrounding plate (22). An adjustment rod (102) corresponding to a plurality of moving plates (9) is hinged on the adjustment ring (101). One end of the adjustment rod (102) away from the adjustment ring (101) is hinged to the moving plate (9). An adjustment cylinder (103) is provided on the outer periphery of the inner pool body (2) to drive the adjustment ring (101) to rise and fall.