Power transmission and transformation project optical cable connection information operation and maintenance system based on logic model

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of digital twinning and computer simulation, in particular to a power transmission and transformation project optical cable connection information operation and maintenance system based on a logic model, which comprises a model fusion module for constructing a digital twinning anchor point set by fusing a three-dimensional physical model and a secondary system logic model of a power transmission and transformation project; when the simulation analysis module receives a logic loop alarm, the physical path is reversely traced based on anchor point data, physical field simulation operation is executed, and a physical degradation risk point is output; the augmented reality module realizes spatial registration of a three-dimensional physical model and a live scene through a spatial computing technology, and visually presents logic loop and risk point information. According to the method, the space-time twin anchor points are constructed, the physical field simulation operation is driven, and the diagnosis result and the operation and maintenance instruction are superposed on the live scene through the augmented reality technology, so that the intelligent operation and maintenance closed loop of the optical cable connection information of the power transmission and transformation project is realized, and the troubleshooting efficiency and accuracy are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of digital twin and computer simulation technology, specifically to an information operation and maintenance system for optical cable connections in power transmission and transformation projects based on a logical model. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of digital technology, the management of substation secondary systems has gradually evolved from traditional two-dimensional CAD drawings and spreadsheets to the application of computer-generated digital models. These models are mainly divided into two categories: one is a three-dimensional physical model describing the spatial geometric layout of the substation's civil engineering and equipment; the other is a logical model that defines the electrical connection relationships between secondary equipment, terminals, and core wires, following standards such as DL / T 2765. These two models digitally represent substations from both physical and logical perspectives, forming the technological foundation for current digital operation and maintenance.

[0003] However, the core flaw of existing technologies lies in the data silos and application gaps between the two types of key models mentioned above. The 3D physical model and the secondary system logical model are generated and applied independently, forming information islands. This means that when maintenance personnel see a specific cable in a 3D visualization scene, they cannot directly obtain the logical information about which circuits it carries and which specific terminals it connects to; conversely, when a faulty circuit is located from the logical data, it is impossible to quickly and intuitively reverse-locate the physical cable carrying that circuit and its laying path in the 3D scene. This separation between physical entities and electrical functional attributes prevents data from being used collaboratively, limiting the efficiency and accuracy of maintenance work.

[0004] In summary, existing technologies urgently need to establish a model fusion method to deeply associate and penetrate data between the three-dimensional physical model describing spatial morphology and the logical model describing electrical topology, thereby constructing a unified, intuitive, and interactive operation and maintenance system.

[0005] To address this, a logic model-based information operation and maintenance system for optical cable connections in power transmission and transformation projects is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an operation and maintenance system for optical cable connection information in power transmission and transformation projects based on a logical model. By constructing spatiotemporal twin anchor points and driving physical field simulation calculations, and by using augmented reality technology to overlay diagnostic results and operation and maintenance instructions onto the actual scene, an intelligent operation and maintenance closed loop for optical cable connection information in power transmission and transformation projects can be realized.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A logic model-based information operation and maintenance system for optical cable connections in power transmission and transformation projects, comprising:

[0009] The model fusion module is used to acquire the three-dimensional physical model of the power transmission and transformation project and the secondary system logical model in the system model description file; to collect real-time status data along the optical cable through the Internet of Things sensor network and retrieve historical operation and maintenance data; and to fuse the physical segments of the optical cable in the three-dimensional physical model with the logical loops in the secondary system logical model based on preset identifiers and construct a digital twin anchor point set.

[0010] The simulation analysis module is used to trace back and lock the physical optical cable path based on the digital twin anchor point set when the logic model of the secondary system reports a logic loop alarm signal; based on the real-time status data of the digital twin anchor point set on the physical optical cable path, it performs physical field simulation calculations on the physical optical cable path, outputs physical degradation risk points, and pushes them to the operation and maintenance human-machine interface.

[0011] The augmented reality module is used by the terminal processor to spatially register a 3D physical model with the real-world video stream captured by the terminal camera using spatial computing technology, generating virtual visualization primitives; the virtual visualization primitives are then overlaid and rendered in real time in an augmented reality manner, and a virtual-real integrated operation and maintenance view is output on the terminal display screen.

[0012] Preferably, the acquisition of the secondary system logical model in the three-dimensional physical model and system model description file of the power transmission and transformation project includes: loading and parsing the general power grid information model, extracting the geometric topology information, spatial location coordinates and preset physical identifiers of optical cables, cable channels, cabinets and intelligent electronic devices in the power transmission and transformation project, and constructing a digital physical entity object library; loading and parsing the system configuration description file, extracting logical communication connection relationships, and constructing a virtual loop topology; loading and parsing the station-level physical description file to extract cable connection information between equipment and cabinets, and constructing a real loop topology.

[0013] Preferably, real-time status data along the optical cable is collected via an IoT sensor network, and historical operation and maintenance data is retrieved. This includes: periodically collecting physical quantities reflecting the optical cable itself and its surrounding environment, including temperature, strain, and vibration data streams, through distributed fiber optic sensors; real-time parsing of the collected data streams, adding timestamps and spatial mileage identifiers to form a standardized spatiotemporal status dataset; accessing and querying the operation and maintenance management system and the equipment lifecycle management system through an application programming interface, extracting and structuring historical operation and maintenance data and attribute data using the physical identifier of the optical cable as the index key; aligning and cleaning the spatiotemporal status dataset with the historical operation and maintenance data; historical operation and maintenance data includes: historical defect reports, maintenance records, and inspection data; attribute data includes the material specifications, commissioning date, and design life of the optical cable.

[0014] Preferably, based on preset identifiers, the physical segments of the optical cable in the 3D physical model are fused with the logical loops in the secondary system logic model to construct a digital twin anchor point set. This includes: traversing and parsing the digitized physical entity object library, virtual loop topology, and real loop topology; extracting and comparing the physical identifiers of the optical cable segments in the physical entity object library with the logical node identifiers in the loop topology; establishing a virtual-real mapping relationship between the physical segment identifiers and logical loop identifiers based on a preset reference table; and instantiating a spatiotemporal twin anchor point data structure object in memory based on the virtual-real mapping relationship. The spatiotemporal twin anchor point data structure object contains three attributes: anchor point identifier... The system identifies pointers to the corresponding optical cable segment geometric objects in the 3D physical model and pointers to the corresponding logic loop objects in the secondary system logic model. Using the physical identifier of the optical cable associated with the spatiotemporal twin anchor data structure object as the query keyword, it calls the spatiotemporal status dataset and structured historical operation and maintenance data. The system dynamically binds the queried real-time status data, historical operation and maintenance data, and attribute data to the attribute fields of the spatiotemporal twin anchor data structure object to form a four-dimensional information body. The system then performs set processing on the spatiotemporal twin anchor data structure object after information aggregation to construct a digital twin anchor set and establishes data indexes for the attributes in the digital twin anchor set.

[0015] Preferably, when the secondary system logic model reports a logic loop alarm signal, the physical optical cable path is traced and locked based on the digital twin anchor point set. This includes: when a logic loop alarm signal is received, performing protocol parsing on the logic loop alarm signal and extracting the logic loop identifier and the timestamp of the alarm occurrence; using the extracted logic loop identifier as the search keyword, performing a query operation on the digital twin anchor point set, identifying and returning a subset of spatiotemporal twin anchor point objects that have a mapping relationship with the queried logic loop identifier; traversing the subset of spatiotemporal twin anchor point objects and accessing the pointers pointing to the three-dimensional physical model within the subset of anchor point objects; based on the geometric topological adjacency relationship in the three-dimensional physical model, performing ordered connection and path stitching of the located optical cable physical segment geometric objects in three-dimensional space to reconstruct the physical optical cable path; and encapsulating the reconstructed physical optical cable path and the set of spatiotemporal twin anchor point data structure objects associated along the path to form a structured physical optical cable path object.

[0016] Preferably, the simulation analysis module includes a multi-physics coupling simulation unit based on the physical properties of optical cable materials. This unit includes: a built-in expandable material property database storing the physical parameters of commonly used optical cables in power transmission and transformation projects, including the thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, density, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and coefficient of thermal expansion of different sheath layers, insulation layers, filling layers, and cable cores; the multi-physics coupling simulation unit internally uses a set of pre-defined governing partial differential equations describing heat transfer and solid mechanical behavior based on first principles of physics. The thermal field analysis employs Fourier's law of heat conduction. The bulk dynamics analysis is based on the equilibrium equations of elasticity. The multiphysics coupled simulation unit has an automated numerical discretization function, which can divide the physical optical cable path into a computational mesh composed of nodes and elements using the finite element method. The multiphysics coupled simulation unit adopts a strong coupling solution strategy of sequential iteration to realize the simulation of the two-way thermal and mechanical effects. That is, within one solution step, the temperature field distribution is calculated, the thermal stress generated by the temperature difference is used as a load to calculate stress and strain, and the deformation and material property changes caused by stress and strain are fed back to the thermal field calculation. The iteration continues until the calculation results converge, thus completing the simulation of the thermal coupling effect.

[0017] Preferably, the simulation analysis module also includes a material aging model, which is based on the Arrhenius equation and quantifies the accelerating effect of temperature on the chemical degradation rate of insulating materials. Specifically, it uses a time-stepping algorithm to calculate the damage increment of the current step within the simulation time step based on the real-time temperature and stress values ​​of the computational grid nodes, and obtains the cumulative damage degree by linearly superimposing the damage increments of historical time steps. The output of the material aging model is a quantified health status and lifetime prediction index, including aging score, remaining percentage of material dielectric strength, and predicted remaining service life.

[0018] Preferably, based on real-time status data of the digital twin anchor point set along the physical optical cable path, physical field simulation calculations are performed on the physical optical cable path to output physical degradation risk points and push them to the operation and maintenance human-machine interface. This includes: based on the structured physical optical cable path object, calling a multi-physics coupled simulation unit to convert the path geometry information into a computational grid; parsing the spatiotemporal twin anchor point data structure object on the path, loading real-time status data, historical operation and maintenance data, and attribute data as initial and boundary conditions onto the nodes of the computational grid; performing thermo-mechanical coupling solution on the computational grid to obtain steady-state and transient temperature and stress field distribution data along the path nodes; and using the temperature and stress field distribution data as input to call a material aging model. The system obtains the current cumulative damage level and predicted remaining service life; establishes physical degradation risk assessment criteria, and integrates three calculated indicators through preset weights: local stress concentration peak, temperature anomaly gradient, and cumulative damage level; performs comprehensive risk scoring on nodes on the computational grid according to the physical degradation risk assessment criteria, and outputs a physical degradation index; marks the spatial locations of grid nodes whose index exceeds a preset threshold as physical degradation risk points; converts the calculated temperature and stress field distribution data along the line into three-dimensional thermal maps and stress cloud maps for visualization; highlights the physical degradation risk points and physical degradation index, renders and displays them on the operation and maintenance human-computer interaction interface, and pushes them to operation and maintenance personnel in the form of a structured report.

[0019] Preferably, the terminal processor uses spatial computing technology to spatially register the 3D physical model with the real-world video stream captured by the terminal camera, generating virtual visualization primitives. This includes: the terminal processor processing the video stream from the terminal camera in real time, and combining it with inertial measurement unit data, using instant positioning and mapping methods to extract and track static environmental feature points in the video frames, and calculating and maintaining the six-degree-of-freedom pose of the terminal device in physical space in real time; matching markers in the real-world scene with digital objects in the 3D physical model using instant positioning and mapping methods; solving for the optimal transformation matrix based on three matching feature point pairs using the perspective n-point method to complete the initial spatial alignment; when maintenance personnel select a target logical loop on the terminal, the system queries the physical optical cable path carried by the target logical loop in reverse; in the spatially aligned 3D physical model, generating 3D virtual light strip primitives along the geometric surface of the physical path; the system further queries the real-time status data of the spatiotemporal twin anchor points associated with the target logical loop, and maps the loop's operating status and risk level to the visual attributes of the 3D virtual light strip primitives according to visual coding rules, generating virtual visualization primitives.

[0020] Preferably, the virtual visualized primitives are overlaid and rendered in real time using augmented reality, and a virtual-real fusion operation and maintenance view is output on the terminal display screen. This includes: synchronously constructing a matching virtual camera viewport based on the six degrees of freedom pose of the terminal device to ensure that the virtual and real observation perspectives are consistent; rendering the visualized virtual primitives onto the real-time video stream, and performing occlusion judgment based on the information of the three-dimensional physical model to ensure that the virtual primitives can be occluded by real devices, generating a virtual-real fusion image; and continuously outputting the image on the terminal display screen at a preset refresh rate to provide operation and maintenance personnel with a virtual-real fusion operation and maintenance view.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. This invention constructs a spatiotemporal twin anchor data structure that integrates physical location, logical function, real-time status, and historical record, thereby achieving deep alignment and dynamic association of multi-source heterogeneous data of optical cable assets in power transmission and transformation projects. It transforms the static digital model into a digital model that can evolve in real time, providing a dynamic data foundation for upper-level intelligent analysis and decision-making.

[0023] 2. This invention constructs a physical degradation path simulation unit driven by logic alarms, and uses real-time data from spatiotemporal twin anchor points for thermo-mechanical coupling and material aging analysis. This enables reverse tracing and quantitative prediction from logic loop fault phenomena to specific high-risk points on the physical bearing path, shortening fault location time and improving the efficiency and accuracy of handling complex faults.

[0024] 3. This invention develops a virtual-real circuit perspective overlay AR application for on-site maintenance, which overlays invisible logical circuit information onto real optical cables in the form of bright light strips. This enables information interaction between the back-end digital twin system and the front-end maintenance personnel, providing immersive operation guidance for on-site personnel, reducing their reliance on paper drawings, avoiding the risk of misoperation caused by complex cables and unclear markings, and improving the accuracy, safety and efficiency of on-site maintenance, verification and other work. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system flow of an information maintenance system for optical cable connections in power transmission and transformation projects based on a logic model, according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure of an information maintenance system for optical cable connections in power transmission and transformation projects based on a logic model, according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the simulation analysis module of a power transmission and transformation engineering optical cable connection information operation and maintenance system based on a logic model, according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Please see Figures 1 to 2 This invention provides an information operation and maintenance system for optical cable connections in power transmission and transformation projects based on a logic model. The technical solution is as follows:

[0030] A logic model-based information operation and maintenance system for optical cable connections in power transmission and transformation projects, comprising:

[0031] The model fusion module is used to acquire the three-dimensional physical model of the power transmission and transformation project and the secondary system logical model in the system model description file; to collect real-time status data along the optical cable through the Internet of Things sensor network and retrieve historical operation and maintenance data; and to fuse the physical segments of the optical cable in the three-dimensional physical model with the logical loops in the secondary system logical model based on preset identifiers and construct a digital twin anchor point set.

[0032] The simulation analysis module is used to trace back and lock the physical optical cable path based on the digital twin anchor point set when the logic model of the secondary system reports a logic loop alarm signal; based on the real-time status data of the digital twin anchor point set on the physical optical cable path, it performs physical field simulation calculations on the physical optical cable path, outputs physical degradation risk points, and pushes them to the operation and maintenance human-machine interface.

[0033] The augmented reality module is used by the terminal processor to spatially register a 3D physical model with the real-world video stream captured by the terminal camera using spatial computing technology, generating virtual visualization primitives; the virtual visualization primitives are then overlaid and rendered in real time in an augmented reality manner, and a virtual-real integrated operation and maintenance view is output on the terminal display screen.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] This embodiment takes the construction of an operation and maintenance system for a 500kV smart substation as an example.

[0036] Furthermore, the process involves acquiring the secondary system logical model from the three-dimensional physical model and system model description file of the power transmission and transformation project. This includes: loading and parsing the general power grid information model to extract the geometric topology information, spatial coordinates, and preset physical identifiers of optical cables, cable channels, cabinets, and intelligent electronic devices in the power transmission and transformation project, and constructing a digital physical entity object library; loading and parsing the system configuration description file to extract logical communication connection relationships and constructing a virtual loop topology; and loading and parsing the station-level physical description file to extract cable connection information between equipment and cabinets and constructing a real loop topology.

[0037] Specifically, this involves building a digital library of physical entity objects, including:

[0038] The system first accesses the building information model (BIM) output from the substation engineering design phase. The output is a 3D model created based on Autodesk Revit software and exported as an XML file conforming to the general power grid information model standard. The XML file contains the 3D geometric model, spatial coordinates, and material information of optical cables, cable trays, manifolds, cabinets, and intelligent electronic devices within the substation. At the same time, each independent device and cable segment is pre-assigned a physical identifier. For example, the ID of a certain optical cable is G501-A-CAB-007.

[0039] The system's backend model fusion module starts up, reads the model file, and loads the XML file into memory based on the parsing method of the file object model, forming a structured file object model tree.

[0040] The system traverses the file object model tree and extracts... <cable> 、 <cabinet> 、 <ied>Nodes. For each node, the operations and maintenance system extracts geometric topology information, such as vertex coordinates, connectivity relationships, spatial location coordinates, and a preset physical identifier, such as G501-A-CAB-007. In system memory, a Java object instance is created for each physical entity. For example, a CableObject instance contains geometryData, position, and physicalId attributes.

[0041] The instantiated physical entity objects are stored in a hash table to form a digital physical entity object library; the physical entity object library uses the physical identifier as the key.

[0042] Specifically, constructing a virtual circuit topology includes:

[0043] The system obtains the standard system configuration description file from the substation automation system engineer station. The system configuration description file conforms to the IEC 61850 standard and defines all logical communication relationships within the station in XML format.

[0044] The system configuration description file is read to extract the names of intelligent electronic devices and the control block information of published and subscribed general object-oriented substation event messages to obtain logical communication. For example, the parsing reveals that line protection IED-A published a trip general object-oriented substation event message, while circuit breaker IED-B subscribed to it.

[0045] The system constructs the extracted logical relationships into a directed graph data structure and stores it in memory, which is a virtual loop topology. In the virtual loop topology, intelligent electronic devices are nodes, and general object-oriented substation event subscription relationships are directed edges.

[0046] Specifically, constructing a real-loop topology includes:

[0047] The system loads and parses the station-level physical description file, which describes the specific connection information of the physical cables. It extracts field information, including: cable identifier, starting device and cabinet, starting port and terminal number, ending device and cabinet, and ending port and terminal number. Based on the extracted information, the system constructs a connection relationship table. For example, the system records that cable G501-A-CAB-007 connects to the Eth1 optical port of the line protection IED-A cabinet and the Port-24 optical port of the communication switch-C cabinet. The connection information of the ports and terminals is then constructed into a graph data structure, which is the actual loop topology.

[0048] This invention achieves the digital construction of three-dimensional physical entity objects, logical communication relationships between devices, and physical wiring circuit information by performing layered parsing and structured processing on the general power grid information model, system configuration description file, and station-level physical description file. This provides a data foundation for the subsequent construction of spatiotemporal twin anchor points that integrate the physical model and the logical model, as well as for tracing from logical alarms to physical paths. It is the premise and guarantee for the realization of the entire predictive operation and maintenance system.

[0049] Furthermore, real-time status data along the optical cable is collected via an IoT sensor network, and historical operation and maintenance data is retrieved. This includes: periodically collecting physical quantities reflecting the optical cable itself and its surrounding environment, including temperature, strain, and vibration data streams, through distributed fiber optic sensors; real-time parsing of the collected data streams, adding timestamps and spatial mileage identifiers to form a standardized spatiotemporal status dataset; accessing and querying the operation and maintenance management system and the equipment lifecycle management system through an application programming interface, extracting and structuring historical operation and maintenance data and attribute data using the physical identifier of the optical cable as the index key; aligning and cleaning the spatiotemporal status dataset with the historical operation and maintenance data; historical operation and maintenance data includes: historical defect reports, maintenance records, and inspection data; attribute data includes the material specifications, commissioning date, and design life of the optical cable.

[0050] Specifically, the collection and standardization of real-time status data includes:

[0051] Armored single-mode sensing optical cables are laid alongside the control and power cables in the substation's cable channels. These cables are used for distributed temperature sensing and distributed vibration and acoustic sensing. An optical fiber sensor analyzer integrating distributed temperature sensing, vibration, and acoustic sensing functions is installed in the main control room, with its laser port connected to the armored single-mode sensing optical cable. The system is set to perform a full-path temperature measurement every 5 minutes with a spatial resolution of 1 meter, outputting a distributed temperature sensing data stream. The system is also set to continuously monitor vibration signals along the cable at a sampling rate of 1 kHz, outputting a distributed vibration and acoustic sensing data stream. The distributed temperature sensing data stream consists of data frames output by the distributed temperature sensing host every 5 minutes, containing an array of temperature values ​​at each meter along the optical cable. The distributed vibration and acoustic sensing data stream records the waveform, intensity, location, and duration of abnormal vibration events detected by the distributed vibration and acoustic sensing host when energy exceeds a preset threshold, such as nearby mechanical construction.

[0052] The edge computing gateway deployed in the substation receives data streams from the fiber optic sensor analyzer in real time; it keeps synchronized with the GPS satellite clock via the network time protocol; and when a frame of data is received, it immediately appends a timestamp, such as 2023-10-29T08:30:00.123Z.

[0053] The data output by the fiber optic sensor analyzer itself carries distance information along the fiber, i.e., mileage. During the system initialization phase, the fiber optic mileage has been calibrated with the three-dimensional coordinates in the general power grid information model. Based on the calibration, the edge gateway associates the one-dimensional mileage identifier with the cable segment identifier in the general power grid information model.

[0054] The edge gateway encapsulates the processed data into a standardized JSON format, generates a spatiotemporal state dataset, and reports it to the central server via a message queue telemetry transmission protocol.

[0055] Specifically, the retrieval and structuring of historical operation and maintenance data and attribute data includes:

[0056] The system initiates data query requests to the production management system and the equipment lifecycle management system through a pre-configured RESTful API interface.

[0057] The system uses the physical identifier of the optical cable, such as G501-A-CAB-007, as an index in the API request to send a request to the production management system. The returned data includes historical defect reports, maintenance records, and inspection data related to the cable. For example, the historical defect report shows that the outer sheath was found to be worn in August 2022, the maintenance record shows that insulation testing was carried out in February 2023, and the inspection data shows that water was found dripping on the top during an inspection.

[0058] The system uses the physical identifier of the optical cable, such as G501-A-CAB-007, as an index in the API request to send a request to the equipment lifecycle management system; the returned data includes the cable's static attributes, such as the material specification being flame-retardant cross-linked polyethylene, the commissioning date being 2020-05-10, and the design life being 30 years.

[0059] The system uses natural language processing methods to clean unstructured and semi-structured data obtained from APIs. For example, it extracts structured location information and defect type from information about damaged outer sheaths found at the corner of section B of the cable trench. It aligns time-stamped historical events with real-time spatiotemporal status data under a unified time axis and spatial coordinate system and stores them in a time series database.

[0060] This invention enables real-time sensing of the optical cable itself and its environment by deploying a distributed optical fiber sensor network. It also combines application programming interface (API) technology to automatically extract historical operation and maintenance and static attribute data from the production management system and the equipment lifecycle management system. This allows discrete, static, and multi-source equipment information to be integrated and transformed into a continuous, dynamic, and standardized spatiotemporal data stream, providing data input for building spatiotemporal twin anchor points and improving the quality and dimensionality of the data foundation.

[0061] Furthermore, based on preset identifiers, the physical segments of the optical cable in the 3D physical model are fused with the logical loops in the secondary system logic model to construct a digital twin anchor point set. This includes: traversing and parsing the digitized physical entity object library, virtual loop topology, and real loop topology; extracting and comparing the physical identifiers of the optical cable segments in the physical entity object library with the logical node identifiers in the loop topology; establishing a virtual-real mapping relationship between the physical segment identifiers and logical loop identifiers based on a preset reference table; and instantiating a spatiotemporal twin anchor point data structure object in memory based on the virtual-real mapping relationship. The spatiotemporal twin anchor point data structure object contains three attributes: anchor point... The system identifies and points to the corresponding optical cable segment geometric objects in the 3D physical model and the corresponding logic loop objects in the secondary system logic model. Using the optical cable physical identifier associated with the spatiotemporal twin anchor data structure object as the query keyword, it calls the spatiotemporal status dataset and structured historical operation and maintenance data. The system dynamically binds the retrieved real-time status data, historical operation and maintenance data, and attribute data to the attribute fields of the spatiotemporal twin anchor data structure object, forming a four-dimensional information body. The system then performs set processing on the spatiotemporal twin anchor data structure object after information aggregation to construct a digital twin anchor set, and establishes data indexes for the attributes in the digital twin anchor set.

[0062] Specifically, including:

[0063] Establish a virtual-physical mapping between fiber optic cable segments and logical loops: Traverse the physical identifiers of fiber optic cable segment C1 in the physical entity object library and the logical loop identifiers L in the virtual loop topology. Prot Based on a pre-set reference table, a virtual-real mapping relationship is established.

[0064] The preset reference table is a mapping table stored in a relational database. The data structure includes the following fields: primary identifier, physical identifier, logical identifier, physical object type, logical loop name, starting device terminal, and ending device terminal.

[0065] Instantiating the spatiotemporal twin anchor data structure: Instantiate a spatiotemporal twin anchor object A1 in system memory. This object contains three core attributes: anchor identifier ID. A1 A pointer P to the C1 geometric object in the general power grid information model. GIM and pointing to L Prot Pointer P of the logic loop object Logic .

[0066] Dynamically binding four-dimensional information volume: using C1 as the query keyword, real-time temperature T is obtained from the spatiotemporal state dataset. real Obtain maintenance records from structured historical operation and maintenance data. hist and attribute data M spec This four-dimensional information is dynamically bound to the attribute fields of anchor point A1.

[0067] Building Sets and Data Indexes: Anchor points A1 and A2 generated from all optical cable segments are set up to build a digital twin anchor point set. Data indexes are then created for the real-time status data and logical loop identifiers in the anchor points to support fast querying.

[0068] Furthermore, the spatiotemporal twin anchor data structure object contains a set of metadata attribute fields for describing data quality, including: data source type, data timeliness, and data spatial accuracy. The system has a built-in data confidence assessment model that, based on preset assessment rules, comprehensively scores the real-time status data and historical operation and maintenance data bound to the anchor point according to the metadata attribute fields, and outputs a quantitative confidence score ranging from 0 to 1. Real-time data from distributed fiber optic sensors is assigned the highest confidence score, while text records from manual inspections several years ago are assigned a low confidence score. The confidence score is dynamically bound to the anchor object and called during physical field simulation calculations to weight and correct the reliability assessment and uncertainty analysis of the simulation results.

[0069] This invention establishes quality metadata tags for multi-source heterogeneous data aggregated within spatiotemporal twin anchor points and constructs a data confidence assessment model for quantitative scoring. This enables the intrinsic quantification of the reliability and uncertainty of the data foundation of the digital twin system, ensuring that the output results of subsequent simulation analysis and risk assessment have traceable confidence basis, enhancing the scientificity and reliability of predictive operation and maintenance decisions, and avoiding misjudgments based on low-quality data.

[0070] This invention establishes an automated mapping relationship between physical identifiers and logical identifiers by traversing and parsing physical entity objects and loop topologies, and instantiates a spatiotemporal twin anchor data structure in memory, thereby realizing the transformation from physical models and logical models to a fused data body. Ultimately, it provides a digital object entry point for fault root cause tracing, physical degradation path simulation, and state prediction in upper-layer applications.

[0071] Further, refer to Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the simulation analysis module of a power transmission and transformation engineering optical cable connection information operation and maintenance system based on a logic model is presented. When the secondary system logic model reports a logic loop alarm signal, the physical optical cable path is traced and locked back based on the digital twin anchor point set. This includes: when a logic loop alarm signal is received, the logic loop alarm signal is parsed according to the protocol, and the logic loop identifier and the timestamp of the alarm occurrence are extracted; using the extracted logic loop identifier as the search keyword, a query operation is performed on the digital twin anchor point set, and a subset of spatiotemporal twin anchor point objects that have a mapping relationship with the queried logic loop identifier are identified and returned; the subset of spatiotemporal twin anchor point objects is traversed, and the pointers pointing to the three-dimensional physical model within the subset of anchor point objects are accessed; based on the geometric topology adjacency relationship in the three-dimensional physical model, the located optical cable physical segment geometric objects are connected and stitched in an orderly manner in three-dimensional space to reconstruct the physical optical cable path; the reconstructed physical optical cable path and the set of spatiotemporal twin anchor point data structure objects associated along the line are encapsulated to form a structured physical optical cable path object.

[0072] Specifically, including:

[0073] Real-time monitoring and receiving of logic loop alarms: Real-time monitoring of the communication status reported by the online monitoring device of the secondary system. When a logic loop L is received... Prot When a communication interruption alarm signal is received, its protocol is parsed to extract L. Prot Logic loop identifier and alarm timestamp t alarm .

[0074] Query anchor set to identify associated anchor subset: based on the extracted L Prot The identifier serves as the search keyword. A fast query operation is performed on the set of digital twin anchors to identify and return a subset of spatiotemporal twin anchor objects {A1, A2, A3} that have a mapping relationship with the alarm loop.

[0075] Reconstruct the physical path carrying the alarm loop: Traverse the anchor point subset {A1, A2, A3}, access the pointers within it pointing to the general power grid information model, and based on the geometric topology adjacency relationships in the general power grid information model, connect and stitch the located optical cable physical segments C1, C2, and C3 in three-dimensional space to reconstruct the complete physical optical cable path. Prot .

[0076] Encapsulate a structured path object: the reconstructed Path Prot The geometric information, topological sequence, and set of anchor point objects along the route (including real-time and historical status data) are encapsulated to form a structured path object.

[0077] Furthermore, the simulation analysis module also includes a multi-factor dynamic weighted and fault chain reasoning unit, comprising: the unit receiving alarm type codes contained in the logic loop alarm signals in real time; based on the alarm type codes, calling a preset alarm type and risk weight knowledge base, dynamically adjusting and outputting the weight coefficients used for physical degradation risk assessment criteria; for communication interruption alarms, increasing the weight of local stress concentration peaks; for overheating and partial discharge alarms, increasing the weight of temperature anomaly gradients and cumulative damage; after completing the calculation of the physical degradation index of the grid nodes, the unit further adopts a density-based spatial clustering algorithm to perform spatial topological relationship analysis on physical degradation risk points with exponents exceeding the threshold, identify and output physical degradation risk chains, and, based on the transmission direction of the risk chain, label the starting point of the chain as the root cause risk point, and the subsequent points as transmission risk points.

[0078] This invention introduces a dynamic risk weight adjustment mechanism linked to alarm type, and combines spatial clustering algorithm to perform topological association and fault chain reasoning on high-risk points. This enables the risk assessment model to adaptively optimize for different fault scenarios, and to trace the cause from the presentation of isolated risk points to the source of the fault. This improves the accuracy and intelligence of fault source diagnosis, and helps maintenance personnel quickly locate and prioritize the fault source that triggers a chain reaction.

[0079] This invention utilizes a pre-built logical-physical mapping index to trace back the reported logical alarm signals and combines the geometric topological adjacency relationships in the three-dimensional physical model to perform path stitching and reconstruction. This achieves the locking of the path from the secondary system logical alarm to the three-dimensional physical optical cable path, providing an analysis object and input carrier for subsequent physical degradation simulation and fault root cause localization.

[0080] Furthermore, the simulation analysis module includes a multiphysics coupling simulation unit based on the physical properties of optical cable materials. This unit has a built-in expandable material property database that stores the physical parameters of commonly used optical cables in power transmission and transformation projects, including the thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, density, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and coefficient of thermal expansion for different sheath layers, insulation layers, filling layers, and cable cores. Internally, the multiphysics coupling simulation unit is based on first principles of physics and pre-sets a set of governing partial differential equations describing heat transfer and solid mechanical behavior. The thermal field analysis employs Fourier's law of heat conduction. Solid mechanics analysis is based on the equilibrium equations of elasticity; the multiphysics coupled simulation unit has an automated numerical discretization function, which can divide the physical optical cable path into a computational mesh composed of nodes and elements using the finite element method; the multiphysics coupled simulation unit adopts a strong coupling solution strategy of sequential iteration to realize the simulation of the two-way thermal and mechanical effects, that is, within one solution step, the temperature field distribution is calculated, the thermal stress generated by the temperature difference is used as a load to calculate stress and strain, and the deformation and material property changes caused by stress and strain are fed back to the thermal field calculation, iterating until the calculation results converge, thus completing the simulation of the thermal coupling effect.

[0081] Specifically, including:

[0082] Built-in scalable material property database: The multiphysics coupling simulation unit has a built-in scalable database that stores the physical parameters of commonly used optical cables in power transmission and transformation projects, including thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and coefficient of thermal expansion.

[0083] Preset control partial differential equations: Based on the first principles of physics, the unit pre-sets the Fourier law of heat conduction equations describing heat transfer, as well as the elastic equilibrium equations describing the mechanical behavior of solids, as the control equations for simulation solution.

[0084] Numerical discretization and mesh generation: The cells have automated functions, enabling the reconstruction of physical optical cable paths. Prot The computational grid M, consisting of nodes and elements, is divided using the finite element method. mesh .

[0085] Strongly coupled sequential iterative solution strategy: The element adopts a strongly coupled sequential iterative solution strategy to simulate the two-way thermo-mechanical influence: First, the temperature field distribution T is calculated, then the thermal stress generated by the temperature difference is used as a load to calculate stress and strain, and the deformation and material property changes are fed back to the next round of T field calculation, iterating until the calculation results converge.

[0086] This invention utilizes a built-in, scalable material property database and control equations based on first principles of physics. By employing the finite element method to automatically mesh and iteratively solve the physical path of the alarm circuit, it achieves physical simulation of stress concentration and hotspot distribution in optical cables under real operating conditions. This transforms the traditional experience-based and unquantifiable hazard identification in operation and maintenance into a risk assessment method based on scientific calculation and quantifiable metrics. This improves the accuracy and scientific rigor of fault root cause location and provides physical field input data for subsequent material aging analysis and lifespan prediction.

[0087] Furthermore, the simulation analysis module also includes a material aging model, which is based on the Arrhenius equation and quantifies the accelerating effect of temperature on the chemical degradation rate of insulating materials. Specifically, it uses a time-stepping algorithm to calculate the damage increment of the current step within the simulation time step based on the real-time temperature and stress values ​​of the computational grid nodes. The cumulative damage degree is obtained by linearly superimposing the damage increments of historical time steps. The output of the material aging model is a quantified health status and lifetime prediction index, including aging score, remaining percentage of material dielectric strength, and predicted remaining service life.

[0088] Specifically, including:

[0089] A quantitative model based on the Arrhenius equation: The material aging model is based on the Arrhenius equation to quantify the accelerating effect of temperature on the chemical degradation rate of optical cable insulation materials and determine the damage rate R. damage .

[0090] Time-step damage accumulation calculation: A time-stepping algorithm is used to calculate the cumulative damage based on the number of grid nodes n within each simulation time. i Real-time temperature T i Given the stress value, calculate the damage increment for the current step size, and obtain n by linear superposition. i Current cumulative damage D total .

[0091] Output health status and life expectancy prediction indicators: D total This is converted to an aging fraction. Simultaneously, the model outputs a predicted remaining useful life L. rem As a quantitative indicator of health status and lifespan prediction.

[0092] This invention achieves microscopic quantification of cumulative aging damage of insulation materials by applying a time-stepping algorithm based on the Arrhenius equation and integrating real-time physical field simulation data with historical operation and maintenance records. This enables the system to proactively predict the failure probability and remaining service life of equipment, providing data-driven decision-making for condition-based maintenance and equipment upgrade strategies, and ensuring the reliability of power grid operation.

[0093] Furthermore, based on the real-time status data of the digital twin anchor point set along the physical optical cable path, physical field simulation calculations are performed on the physical optical cable path to output physical degradation risk points, which are then pushed to the operation and maintenance human-computer interaction interface. This includes: based on the structured physical optical cable path object, calling the multi-physics coupling simulation unit to transform the path geometric information into a computational grid; parsing the spatiotemporal twin anchor point data structure object on the path, and loading real-time status data, historical operation and maintenance data, and attribute data as initial and boundary conditions into the nodes of the computational grid; performing thermo-mechanical coupling solution on the computational grid to obtain the steady-state and transient temperature and stress field distribution data of the nodes along the path; and using the temperature and stress field distribution data as input to call the material aging model. The system obtains the current cumulative damage level and predicted remaining service life; establishes a physical degradation risk assessment criterion, and integrates three calculated indicators through preset weights: local stress concentration peak, temperature anomaly gradient, and cumulative damage level; performs a comprehensive risk score on the nodes on the computational grid according to the physical degradation risk assessment criterion, and outputs a physical degradation index; marks the spatial location of the grid node whose index exceeds a preset threshold as a physical degradation risk point; converts the calculated temperature field and stress field distribution data along the line into three-dimensional thermal map and stress cloud map visualization primitives; highlights the physical degradation risk points and physical degradation index and renders them on the operation and maintenance human-computer interaction interface, and pushes them to the operation and maintenance personnel in the form of a structured report.

[0094] Specifically, including:

[0095] Loading data and performing thermo-coupling solution: Based on the structured path object, the multiphysics coupling simulation unit is called to use the real-time T and data along C1, C2, and C3 as initial and boundary conditions to perform thermo-coupling solution and obtain the T field distribution data of the nodes along the line.

[0096] Calculate cumulative damage using the aging model: Take the T-field distribution data as input, call the material aging model, and obtain the current cumulative damage D at the node. total and predicted remaining useful life L rem .

[0097] Establish risk assessment criteria and scoring: A physical degradation risk assessment criterion is established, specifically a weighted sum of normalized local stress concentration peak values, temperature anomaly gradients, and cumulative damage. The weight sum is 1, and the weight values ​​are determined based on historical operation and maintenance data. For example, in a substation where mechanical damage is the primary risk scenario, the statistical distribution of historical fault modes in the historical operation and maintenance data shows that mechanical damage is the main risk source, accounting for 50%, and temperature anomaly gradients account for 20%. Therefore, the weights can be set to 0.5, 0.2, and 0.3, respectively. Based on this criterion, a comprehensive risk score is calculated for the nodes on the computational grid, outputting a physical degradation index.

[0098] Labeling, visualization, and push notification: Spatial locations of grid nodes whose physical degradation risk assessment criteria exceed preset thresholds are labeled as physical degradation risk points R1. The T-field data is converted into 3D heat maps and stress cloud maps for visualization. R1 is rendered and highlighted on the 3D model of the operation and maintenance human-machine interface and pushed to operation and maintenance personnel in the form of a structured report.

[0099] This invention establishes a quantitative risk assessment criterion based on multi-physics field indicators and integrates simulation calculation results with high-risk point markers through three-dimensional visualization. This enables the transformation from simulation data to operation and maintenance decision-making information, providing operation and maintenance personnel with fault prediction and location navigation, shortening emergency repair time, and preventing the expansion and escalation of faults.

[0100] Furthermore, the terminal processor uses spatial computing technology to spatially register the 3D physical model with the real-world video stream captured by the terminal camera, generating virtual visualization primitives. This includes: the terminal processor processing the video stream from the terminal camera in real time, and combining it with inertial measurement unit data, using instant positioning and mapping methods to extract and track static environmental feature points in the video frames, and calculating and maintaining the six-degree-of-freedom pose of the terminal device in physical space in real time; matching markers in the real-world scene with digital objects in the 3D physical model using instant positioning and mapping methods; solving for the optimal transformation matrix based on three matching feature point pairs using the perspective n-point method to complete the initial spatial alignment; when maintenance personnel select a target logical loop on the terminal, the system queries the physical optical cable path carried by the target logical loop in reverse; in the spatially aligned 3D physical model, generating 3D virtual light strip primitives along the geometric surface of the physical path; the system further queries the real-time status data of the spatiotemporal twin anchor points associated with the target logical loop, and maps the loop's operating status and risk level to the visual attributes of the 3D virtual light strip primitives according to visual coding rules, generating virtual visualization primitives.

[0101] Specifically, including:

[0102] Terminal pose calculation and spatial registration with the general power grid information model: The terminal processor processes video streams from the camera and IMU data in real time, and uses a real-time localization and mapping (RTD) method to calculate and maintain the terminal's six-degree-of-freedom pose in real time. By matching on-site markers with digital objects in the general power grid information model, the optimal transformation matrix is ​​solved using the perspective n-point method to achieve registration between the terminal pose coordinate system and the global coordinate system of the general power grid information model.

[0103] Reverse query and virtual light strip element generation: Maintenance personnel select the alarm L on the terminal. Prot Logical loops, the system reverse queries the physical path it carries. Prot In a spatially aligned general power grid information model, along the Path Prot The 3D geometric surface is used to generate a three-dimensional virtual light band primitive V with a certain thickness and transparency. Path .

[0104] State visual encoding generates virtual visualization primitives: System query L Prot The real-time status data of the associated anchor points are mapped to V based on visual coding rules to represent the loop's operating status and risk level. Path Visual attributes, such as setting the color to flashing red and increasing the luminescence intensity, generate virtual visual primitive V. final .

[0105] This invention employs real-time positioning and mapping technology and a marker-based perspective n-point method to spatially register a background digital twin model with the actual scene, and dynamically generates real-time virtual visualization primitives. This enables the logical loop information and physical health status to be attached to the real optical cable in the form of augmented reality light strips, transforming the operation and maintenance work from the traditional mode that relies on drawings and experience to a new stage of immersive interaction, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of on-site maintenance.

[0106] Furthermore, the virtual visualized primitives are overlaid and rendered in real time using augmented reality, and a virtual-real fusion operation and maintenance view is output on the terminal display screen. This includes: synchronously constructing a matching virtual camera viewport based on the six degrees of freedom pose of the terminal device to ensure that the virtual and real observation perspectives are consistent; rendering the visualized virtual primitives onto the real-time video stream, and performing occlusion judgment based on the information of the three-dimensional physical model to ensure that the virtual primitives can be occluded by real devices, generating a virtual-real fusion image; and continuously outputting the image on the terminal display screen at a preset refresh rate to provide operation and maintenance personnel with a virtual-real fusion operation and maintenance view.

[0107] Specifically, including:

[0108] Virtual camera viewport construction: Based on the six-DOF pose calculated in real time by the terminal device, a matching virtual camera viewport is constructed synchronously to ensure the virtual primitive V final The rendering viewpoint is completely consistent with the camera viewpoint in the real scene.

[0109] Depth testing and virtual / real occlusion determination: V final Rendered onto the real-time video stream. Within the rendering pipeline, depth testing is performed based on the geometric information of cabinets and cable trays in the general power grid information model to ensure the virtual primitive V... final It can be occluded by real-world devices to generate a fusion of virtual and real images.

[0110] Continuous output of virtual-real fusion operation and maintenance view: The virtual-real fusion image that has undergone depth testing and rendering is continuously output on the AR terminal display screen at a preset refresh rate, such as 30 frames per second, to provide operation and maintenance personnel with an operation and maintenance view with virtual-real loop perspective overlay.

[0111] Furthermore, the virtual-real integrated operation and maintenance view also embeds an interactive diagnostic interface that supports gesture recognition, including: the terminal processor uses computer vision algorithms to analyze the hand movements of operation and maintenance personnel captured by the terminal camera in real time, and recognizes preset interactive gesture commands; when the system recognizes that the operation and maintenance personnel perform a click or long-term hover gesture at the location of the target virtual light strip, the system retrieves and displays detailed data of the corresponding spatiotemporal twin anchor point in the form of a virtual floating window next to the location; when the system recognizes that the operation and maintenance personnel perform a virtual cutting gesture, the system renders a virtual three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the optical cable in real time at the gesture trajectory. The cross-sectional view is displayed in the form of a two-dimensional color cloud map, visually showing the stress field and temperature field distribution of the internal cross-section of the optical cable calculated by the simulation analysis module, realizing a deep insight into the internal physical state.

[0112] This invention integrates gesture recognition-based natural interaction technology, allowing maintenance personnel to perform intuitive operations such as clicking in mid-air and virtual cutting in an augmented reality view. This upgrades the visualization to an immersive and interactive exploration, empowering on-site maintenance personnel with internal diagnostic capabilities. It enables on-site maintenance personnel to gain real-time and intuitive insight into the internal physical state of optical cables, improving the depth and efficiency of on-site fault analysis.

[0113] This invention achieves spatial logical integration of virtual information and real-world scenes by synchronizing the poses of virtual cameras with real devices and introducing precise occlusion judgment based on a 3D physical model during rendering. This ensures that virtual loop light strips and status labels can be correctly occluded by real objects, providing maintenance personnel with an immersive and spatially realistic working view. It enhances the credibility and usability of AR applications, avoids visual confusion and misjudgment caused by incorrect superposition of virtual information, and makes on-site judgment and operation more intuitive and accurate.

[0114] This invention constructs a spatiotemporal twin anchor point deep fusion physical model, logical model, real-time sensor status and historical operation and maintenance data, and drives multi-physics field coupled simulation and augmented reality visualization based on this, realizing the entire process from secondary system logical alarm to prediction and location of high-risk points, and presenting the diagnostic results intuitively to the on-site operation and maintenance personnel in a virtual-real fusion manner. It constructs a full-chain intelligent operation and maintenance closed loop, shortens fault handling time, reduces reliance on personnel experience, and improves the operation and maintenance efficiency, safety and power supply reliability of secondary systems in power transmission and transformation projects.

[0115] Example 2

[0116] This embodiment provides another implementation method for spatial registration of a 3D physical model with a live video stream captured by a terminal camera, namely, a hybrid spatial registration strategy based on preset physical markers and real-time positioning and mapping technology, specifically including:

[0117] Initialization and coarse localization based on physical markers:

[0118] Before the start of operation and maintenance work, physical markers with identification are pre-deployed at fixed object surfaces such as the starting end of cable trays, corners, and terminal cabinet doors. The identification of the markers and their three-dimensional coordinates and attitude information in the three-dimensional physical model are pre-stored in the system database to form a mapping table between marker IDs and spatial poses.

[0119] After the maintenance personnel arrive at the site, they activate the virtual and real loopback overlay application on the mobile maintenance terminal. The virtual and real loopback overlay application guides the maintenance personnel to use the camera to scan the physical markers within their field of view. The terminal processor has a built-in marker recognition algorithm based on the OpenCV library, which can process the video stream in real time, detect and decode the physical markers.

[0120] When a marker is identified, the system immediately queries the database for the standard pose in the 3D physical model coordinate system corresponding to the marker. Based on the perspective n-point method, the system uses the 2D image coordinates of the four marker corner points and the corresponding 3D model space coordinates to solve for the six-degree-of-freedom pose of the current camera in the global coordinate system of the 3D physical model, which is the initial world transformation matrix.

[0121] Continuous, refined tracking based on real-time positioning and mapping:

[0122] After initial localization is achieved through physical markers, the system immediately activates the built-in real-time localization and mapping system. If a sparse point cloud map has already been pre-scanned and constructed for the area, the system will load the map and perform relocalization. If it is the first time entering the area, a new environmental feature point map will be constructed in real time.

[0123] Maintenance personnel begin moving around the site; at this point, the system no longer relies on continuously seeing physical markers; the real-time localization and mapping system extracts stable visual features such as corners and edges of the environment from the camera video stream in real time, and performs inter-frame matching and tracking; it integrates the IMU data from the terminal device to predict motion; through backend optimization methods, the system continuously calculates and updates the real-time pose of the camera, for example, 30 to 60 times per second;

[0124] During the movement, if the camera captures a known physical marker again, the system will trigger a marker-based localization calculation again. This calculation result will be used as the ground truth to calibrate and correct the cumulative drift that the real-time localization and mapping system may have caused due to long-term operation or a lack of scene feature points.

[0125] Virtual information generation and rendering:

[0126] Once the maintenance personnel select the target logical loop in the application, the system generates a three-dimensional virtual light strip along the geometric surface of the path in the three-dimensional physical model that has been spatially aligned, based on the physical optical cable path associated with the loop. The color, brightness, and flow effect of the light strip are dynamically rendered based on the real-time status provided by the spatiotemporal twin anchor point associated with the loop.

[0127] Occlusion detection is performed using the real-time pose of the camera and the depth information of the 3D physical model. For example, when a real cable to which a virtual highlight strip is attached is blocked by a device cabinet, the virtual highlight strip will not be rendered in the blocked area.

[0128] This embodiment employs a hybrid spatial registration strategy that combines initial positioning based on preset physical markers with continuous tracking using real-time positioning and map building technology based on natural feature points. This achieves spatial alignment between the mobile maintenance terminal and the on-site physical environment in complex industrial scenarios such as power transmission and substations, where structures are similar, lighting conditions vary, and electromagnetic interference exists. It also has the capability for automatic drift calibration, ensuring that virtual information can be superimposed on real physical optical cables and equipment in the augmented reality view. This reduces the reliance of on-site maintenance personnel on drawings, avoids the risk of misoperation due to cable identification errors, and improves the accuracy and efficiency of fault diagnosis and repair.

[0129] Example 3

[0130] This embodiment provides another implementation method for aligning and cleaning spatiotemporal state datasets with historical operation and maintenance data, specifically including:

[0131] Data preprocessing and identifier normalization:

[0132] The system first establishes a global identifier reference dictionary. Maintenance personnel or system administrators need to pre-examine the naming rules for the same physical and logical objects across different systems in the power transmission and transformation project. For example, an optical cable might be identified as CB-T01-G05 in the 3D physical model, indirectly represented in the system configuration description file through its connected IED port, and recorded in historical maintenance work orders as optical cable number 1 from transformer A to protection cabinet B. The goal of the reference dictionary is to establish a mapping between these different aliases and a unique, system-wide universal primary identifier.

[0133] The system connects via either a pre-configured application programming interface (API) or a database connector:

[0134] General power grid information model database: Extracts the geometric object IDs and spatial coordinates of components such as optical cables, cable trays, and cabinets.

[0135] SCD / SPD file parser: Parses XML files and extracts information such as logical connection relationships and loop numbers between IEDs.

[0136] IoT data platform: Access the real-time data stream interface of the distributed fiber optic sensing system via MQTT subscription or HTTP polling.

[0137] Operations / Asset Management System Database: Configure query interfaces for the historical defect database and equipment ledger database via RESTful API.

[0138] The skeletal connection between physics and logic:

[0139] After the system background service starts, it first traverses and parses the loaded general power grid information model to extract the geometric objects of the physical segments of the optical cables. For each object, it obtains its own physical identifier and looks up the corresponding primary identifier by referring to the dictionary using the global identifier.

[0140] Simultaneously, the system parses the SCD / SPD files to construct a topology diagram of all logical loops. During the parsing process, identification information related to cable connections is extracted and converted into primary identifiers using a dictionary reference.

[0141] The system constructs a hash table in memory using the primary identifier of the physical optical cable as the key. It traverses the logical loops, associating logical loop objects containing the same primary identifier with the corresponding physical optical cable entry. This completes the static mapping from physical entities to the logical functions they carry, forming the skeleton of the anchor points.

[0142] Real-time injection of status and resume:

[0143] Based on the mapping relationship, the system instantiates a spatiotemporal twin anchor data structure object in memory for each mapped optical cable physical segment. This object initially contains three attributes: anchor ID, a pointer to the corresponding geometric object in the general power grid information model, and a list of pointers to the logical loop objects it carries.

[0144] Once the anchor object is created, a data binding task is triggered immediately. This task uses the primary identifier associated with the anchor and the spatial coordinate range as query parameters:

[0145] Call the IoT data interface: Initiate a query to the IoT data platform to obtain the latest time-series data on temperature, strain, and vibration along the optical cable segment. This data is identified by timestamps and spatial mileage, forming a dynamically updated dataset.

[0146] Call the operations / asset system interface: Initiate an API request to the operations management system to query all historical defect reports, maintenance records, and inspection data related to the primary identifier. Simultaneously, query the equipment management system for the optical cable's material specifications, commissioning date, and design life.

[0147] Data aggregation and attribute population: The real-time status data, historical operation and maintenance data, and equipment attribute data retrieved are dynamically populated into the preset attribute fields of the corresponding spatiotemporal twin anchor objects.

[0148] Collection-based management and indexing:

[0149] Constructing an anchor point collection: All spatiotemporal twin anchor point objects that have undergone information aggregation are uniformly added to a global collection object for management.

[0150] Create a fast index: To improve query efficiency, the system will create a data index on the key attributes of the collection. For example, using the logical loop ID as an index can quickly find all anchor points that carry the loop; using the spatial coordinate range as an index can quickly filter out all anchor points within a certain area.

[0151] This embodiment establishes a globally unified identifier reference system and uses this system to achieve static mapping between physical and logical models. Then, by combining API interface technology, it dynamically injects multi-source heterogeneous real-time status and historical data into this mapping relationship. This enables deep fusion and alignment of three-dimensional geometric models, logical topologies, sensor data, and unstructured operation and maintenance text at the data level, creating a spatiotemporal twin anchor data structure that can evolve on its own and reflect equipment dimensional information in real time. This provides a data foundation for upper-level fault diagnosis, status assessment, and predictive operation and maintenance, and improves the depth and accuracy of digital operation and maintenance of the power grid.

[0152] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.< / ied> < / cabinet> < / cable>

Claims

1.A logic model-based power transmission and transformation project optical cable connection information operation and maintenance system, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: A model fusion module is used to obtain a three-dimensional physical model of a power transmission and transformation project and a secondary system logic model in a system model description file; Real-time state data of the optical cable along the line is collected in real time through an Internet of Things sensor network, and historical operation and maintenance data is called; based on a preset identifier, the optical cable physical section in the three-dimensional physical model is fused with the logical loop in the secondary system logic model, and a digital twin anchor point set is constructed; When the secondary system logic model reports a logical loop alarm signal, a simulation analysis module is used to backtrack and lock the physical optical cable path based on the digital twin anchor point set, forming a structured physical optical cable path object; based on the real-time state data of the digital twin anchor point set, the physical optical cable path is subjected to physical field simulation operation, and a physical degradation risk point is output and pushed to an operation and maintenance human-computer interaction interface; An augmented reality module is used for a terminal processor to perform spatial registration on the three-dimensional physical model and a live video stream captured by a terminal camera through spatial calculation technology, generating a virtual visualization graph element; The virtual visualization graph element is real-time superimposed and rendered in an augmented reality manner, and an operation and maintenance view of virtual and real fusion is output on a terminal display screen. 2.The logical model based power transmission engineering optical cable connection information operation and maintenance system according to claim 1, wherein, The three-dimensional physical model of the power transmission and transformation project and the secondary system logic model in the system model description file are obtained by: loading and analyzing a general power grid information model, extracting the geometric topology information, spatial position coordinates and preset physical identifier of the optical cable, cable channel, screen cabinet and intelligent electronic device in the power transmission and transformation project, and constructing a digital physical entity object library; loading and analyzing a system configuration description file, extracting logical communication connection relationships, and constructing a virtual loop topology; loading and analyzing a station-level physical description file to extract cable connection information between devices and screen cabinets, and constructing a real loop topology. 3.The logical model based power transmission engineering optical cable connection information operation and maintenance system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Real-time state data of the optical cable along the line is collected in real time through an Internet of Things sensor network, and historical operation and maintenance data is called, including: through a distributed optical fiber sensor, physical quantities reflecting the optical cable body and its surrounding environment, including temperature, strain and vibration data streams, are periodically collected; the collected data streams are analyzed in real time, time stamps and spatial mileage identifiers are added, and a standardized space-time state data set is formed; through an application program interface, an operation and maintenance management system and a device full life cycle management system are accessed and queried, historical operation and maintenance data and attribute data are extracted and structured with the physical identifier of the optical cable as the index keyword; the space-time state data set and the historical operation and maintenance data are aligned and cleaned; the historical operation and maintenance data includes historical defect reports, maintenance records and inspection data; the attribute data includes the material specification, commissioning date and design life of the optical cable. 4.The logical model based power transmission engineering optical cable connection information operation and maintenance system according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the preset identifier, the optical cable physical section in the three-dimensional physical model is fused with the logical loop in the secondary system logical model, and a digital twin anchor point set is constructed, including: traversing and analyzing the digital physical entity object library, the virtual loop topology and the real loop topology; extracting and comparing the physical identifiers of the optical cable section in the physical entity object library and the logical node identifiers in the loop topology; based on the preset reference table, establishing a virtual-real mapping relationship between the optical cable physical section identifier and the logical loop identifier; based on the virtual-real mapping relationship, instantiating a space-time twin anchor point data structure object in the memory, which contains three attributes: anchor point identifier, pointer to the corresponding optical cable section geometric object in the three-dimensional physical model, and pointer to the corresponding logical loop object in the secondary system logical model; taking the associated optical cable physical identifier in the space-time twin anchor point data structure object as the query key, calling the space-time state data set and structured historical operation and maintenance data; dynamically binding the queried real-time state data, historical operation and maintenance data and attribute data to the attribute fields of the space-time twin anchor point data structure object to form a four-dimensional information body; performing set processing on the information-aggregated space-time twin anchor point data structure object to construct a digital twin anchor point set, and establishing a data index for the attributes in the digital twin anchor point set. 5.The logical model based power transmission engineering optical cable connection information operation and maintenance system according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the secondary system logical model reports a logical loop alarm signal, based on the digital twin anchor point set, the physical optical cable path is traced back and locked, including: when the logical loop alarm signal is received, the logical loop alarm signal is protocol-analyzed, and the logical loop identifier and the timestamp of the alarm occurrence are extracted; taking the extracted logical loop identifier as the retrieval key, performing a query operation on the digital twin anchor point set, identifying and returning a subset of space-time twin anchor point objects that have a mapping relationship with the queried logical loop identifier; traversing the subset of space-time twin anchor point objects, accessing the pointer to the three-dimensional physical model inside the subset; according to the geometric topology adjacency relationship in the three-dimensional physical model, the located optical cable physical section geometric object is sequentially connected and path-sewn in the three-dimensional space, and the physical optical cable path is reconstructed; the reconstructed physical optical cable path and the set of space-time twin anchor point data structure objects associated along the line are data-encapsulated to form a structured physical optical cable path object. 6.The logical model based power transmission engineering optical cable connection information operation and maintenance system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The simulation analysis module comprises a multi-physics coupling simulation unit based on the physical properties of the optical cable material, including: a built-in extended material property database in the multi-physics coupling simulation unit, storing the physical parameters of commonly used optical cables in power transmission and transformation projects, including the thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, density, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio and thermal expansion coefficient of different sheath layers, insulation layers, filler layers and cable cores; the multi-physics coupling simulation unit internally presets a control partial differential equation set describing the heat transfer and solid mechanics behavior based on the first principle of physics, wherein the heat field analysis adopts the Fourier heat conduction law, and the solid mechanics analysis is based on the elastic mechanics equilibrium equation; the multi-physics coupling simulation unit has an automatic numerical discretization function, and can divide the physical optical cable path into a calculation grid composed of nodes and elements by using the finite element method; the multi-physics coupling simulation unit adopts a sequential iteration strong coupling solution strategy to realize the simulation of the bidirectional influence of heat and force, that is, in one solution step, the temperature field distribution is calculated, the thermal stress generated by the temperature difference is calculated as a load to calculate the stress and strain, the deformation and material property changes caused by the stress and strain are fed back to the heat field calculation, and the iteration is performed until the calculation result converges, and the simulation of the thermal force coupling effect is completed. 7.The logical model based power transmission engineering optical cable connection information operation and maintenance system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The simulation analysis module further comprises a material aging model, including: the material aging model is based on the Arrhenius equation, which quantifies the acceleration effect of temperature on the chemical degradation rate of insulating materials, that is, a time stepping algorithm is used, and in the simulation time step, the damage increment of the current step is calculated according to the real-time temperature and stress value of the calculation grid node, and the cumulative damage degree is obtained by linear superposition of the damage increment of the historical time step; the output of the material aging model is the quantitative health state and life prediction index, including the aging score, the remaining percentage of material dielectric strength and the predicted remaining service life. 8.The logical model based power transmission engineering optical cable connection information operation and maintenance system according to claim 7, characterized in that, Based on the real-time state data of the digital twin anchor point set, a physical field simulation operation is performed on the physical optical cable path, a physical degradation risk point is output, and is pushed to the operation and maintenance human-computer interaction interface, including: based on the structured physical optical cable path object, calling the multi-physical field coupling simulation unit, converting the path geometric information into a calculation grid; analyzing the space-time twin anchor point data structure object on the path, taking the real-time state data, historical operation and maintenance data and attribute data as initial conditions and boundary conditions, loading them into the nodes of the calculation grid; performing thermal force coupling solution on the calculation grid to obtain the steady-state and transient temperature field and stress field distribution data of the nodes along the line; taking the temperature field and stress field distribution data as input, calling the material aging model to obtain the current cumulative damage degree and the predicted remaining service life; establishing a physical degradation risk assessment criterion, combining the three indicators calculated by the preset weight: local stress concentration peak, temperature abnormal gradient and cumulative damage degree; according to the physical degradation risk assessment criterion, the nodes on the calculation grid are scored comprehensively, and the physical degradation index is output; the spatial position corresponding to the grid node whose index exceeds the preset threshold is marked as a physical degradation risk point; the calculated temperature field and stress field distribution data along the line are converted into three-dimensional thermal map and stress cloud map visualization primitives; the physical degradation risk points and the physical degradation index are highlighted and rendered on the operation and maintenance human-computer interaction interface, and are pushed to the operation and maintenance personnel in the form of a structured report. 9.The logical model based power transmission engineering optical cable connection information operation and maintenance system according to claim 1, wherein, The terminal processor performs spatial registration on the three-dimensional physical model and the live video stream captured by the terminal camera through spatial computing technology, generates a virtual visualization primitive, including: the terminal processor processes the video stream from the terminal camera in real time, combines with the inertial measurement unit data, uses the simultaneous localization and mapping method to extract and track the static environmental feature points in the video frame, and calculates and maintains the six-degree-of-freedom pose of the terminal device in the physical space in real time; through the simultaneous localization and mapping method, the markers in the live scene and the digital objects in the three-dimensional physical model are matched; based on three matching feature point pairs, the perspective n-point method is used to solve the optimal transformation matrix to complete the initialization of spatial alignment; when the operation personnel select the target logical loop on the terminal, the system reversely queries the physical optical cable path carried by the target logical loop; in the three-dimensional physical model that has completed spatial alignment, three-dimensional virtual optical ribbon primitives are generated along the geometric surface of the physical path; the system further queries the real-time state data of the space-time twin anchor point associated with the target logical loop, maps the operating state and risk level of the loop to the visual attributes of the three-dimensional virtual optical ribbon primitive according to the visual coding rule, and generates a virtual visualization primitive. 10.The logical model based power transmission engineering optical cable connection information operation and maintenance system according to claim 1, wherein, The virtual visualization primitives are rendered in a real-time augmented reality mode, and a virtual-real fusion operation and maintenance view is output on a terminal display screen, including: based on the six-degree-of-freedom pose of the terminal device, a matching virtual camera viewport is synchronously constructed to ensure that the virtual and real observation angles are consistent; the visualization virtual primitives are rendered to a real-time video stream, and occlusion judgment is performed based on the information of the three-dimensional physical model to ensure that the virtual primitives can be occluded by the device in reality, and a virtual-real fusion image is generated; and the image is continuously output on the terminal display screen at a preset refresh rate to provide the virtual-real fusion operation and maintenance view for operation and maintenance personnel.

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