Energy management method of zero-carbon building light storage direct flexible power supply and distribution system

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of building energy management, and discloses an energy management method of zero-carbon building light storage direct flexible power supply and distribution system. The present application aims to solve the technical pain points of the existing energy management method, which leads to power supply and demand imbalance and bus voltage instability due to limited resource regulation and rough control strategy under the random fluctuation of source and load. The present application realizes the coordinated linkage of building body and energy storage device by constructing the digital mapping of environmental data and load power and quantifying it as equivalent electric energy regulation capacity. The core lies in generating power prediction curve and power distribution scheme to realize self-sufficiency of electric energy; adopting segmented voltage adjustment logic and variable step closed-loop convergence algorithm, a closed-loop control system is constructed to maintain the integration of voltage stability and energy scheduling. The present application significantly improves the self-consistency and robustness of the building under complex working conditions, effectively guarantees the safety and stability of the power supply and distribution system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building energy management technology, and more specifically, to an energy management method for a zero-carbon building photovoltaic-storage-DC-flexible power distribution system. Background Technology

[0002] Zero-carbon buildings, as an important vehicle for achieving energy conservation and emission reduction, integrate photovoltaic power generation, energy storage devices, DC power distribution, and adjustable loads, aiming to achieve self-sufficiency in electricity. In existing technological systems, energy management systems typically rely on preset fixed strategies or simple logical judgments when scheduling various units. For example, they directly supply power when photovoltaic power generation is sufficient, and switch to grid power or energy storage devices to discharge when insufficient. This traditional scheduling mode can cope with single, stable scenarios, and its core logic often treats the building as a passive energy receiver, focusing on matching the power supply at the power end.

[0003] However, in actual operation, zero-carbon buildings often face more complex supply and demand balancing challenges. Photovoltaic power generation is highly random and volatile, easily affected by environmental factors such as cloud cover and sudden weather changes, resulting in power fluctuations. Meanwhile, the energy demand within a building is often rigid and uninterrupted. Existing energy management methods often respond with lag or make coarse adjustments when dealing with these random fluctuations on both the source and load sides. This mismatch between electricity supply and demand not only accelerates the aging of energy storage devices due to frequent and deep charging and discharging, but more seriously, frequent power fluctuations can easily cause DC bus voltage oscillations or even exceed limits, leading to circuit system collapse and severely impacting the stability and safety of the zero-carbon building's power supply and distribution system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the aforementioned existing problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, this invention provides an energy management method for a zero-carbon building photovoltaic-storage direct-flexible power distribution system, which solves the technical problems of load power supply and demand imbalance and bus voltage instability caused by the fixed adjustment strategy, simple logic judgment and single scheduling mode of existing photovoltaic power generation energy management systems.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention provides an energy management method for a zero-carbon building photovoltaic-storage-DC-flexible power distribution system, which includes the following steps:

[0008] S1: Acquire multi-dimensional operational data of the building, analyze and obtain the building's equivalent power regulation capacity, and generate predicted photovoltaic power generation based on the acquired predicted climate data;

[0009] S2: Based on the equivalent power regulation capacity and the predicted photovoltaic power generation power allocation scheme, calculate the deviation between the actual operating power of the adjustable load and the power allocation scheme, and adjust the operating status of the adjustable load and the energy storage device according to the deviation.

[0010] S3: During the adjustment process, the bus voltage is obtained, and the compensation current is adjusted according to the bus voltage to ensure voltage stability;

[0011] S4: Continue adjusting until the deviation value converges to the preset threshold.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the energy management method for a zero-carbon building photovoltaic-storage direct-flexible power distribution system according to the present invention, in step S1, the acquisition of multi-dimensional operating data of the building specifically includes environmental data and electrical data. The environmental data includes light intensity, indoor and outdoor temperature, wind speed and humidity; the electrical data includes bus voltage, adjustable load operating power and cable heating power.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the energy management method for a zero-carbon building photovoltaic-storage direct-flexible power distribution system according to the present invention, in step S1, the method for obtaining the equivalent electrical energy regulation capacity of the building includes: capturing the trajectory of indoor temperature change after the user voluntarily interrupts the environmental control equipment, calculating the building's thermal insulation performance under different environmental data based on the trajectory; combining the building's thermal insulation performance with the electrical data, estimating the electricity required for the operation of adjustable loads, and converting the required electricity into equivalent electrical energy regulation capacity; the adjustable loads specifically include rigid loads that must be supplied with uninterrupted power and flexible loads with adjustable operating parameters.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the energy management method for a zero-carbon building photovoltaic-storage direct-flexible power distribution system according to the present invention, the process of generating predicted photovoltaic power generation in step S1 includes: finding a historical daily power generation curve similar to the acquired predicted climate data as a reference curve; dynamically correcting the reference curve based on the predicted climate data and the installation years of the photovoltaic modules to form a predicted power curve; monitoring the current actual power generation, and if there is a deviation between the actual power generation and the predicted power generation, adjusting the predicted power curve according to the deviation.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the energy management method for a zero-carbon building photovoltaic-storage-direct-flexible power distribution system according to the present invention, in step S2, the power allocation scheme is generated according to the following principles: the allocation scheme is formulated based on the equivalent power regulation capacity; if the predicted photovoltaic power generation is greater than the rigid load, the excess power is allocated to the flexible load and the energy storage device according to the actual situation; if the predicted photovoltaic power generation is less than the rigid load, the shortfall is supplemented by the energy storage device through discharge; if the energy storage device's power is lower than a preset range, the operating power of the flexible load is reduced within the adjustable range; if the flexible load exceeds the adjustable range and there is still a power shortfall, power is drawn from the external power grid.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the energy management method for a zero-carbon building photovoltaic-storage-direct-flexible power distribution system according to the present invention, step S2, adjusting the operating state of the adjustable load and the energy storage device based on the deviation value specifically includes: calculating the deviation of the actual operating power of the adjustable load relative to the power distribution scheme, reducing the power deviation of the adjustable load by adjusting the charging and discharging state of the energy storage device; for the adjustment of the adjustable load, adjusting within the floating range of the power set by the user; if the adjustable load has reached its maximum adjustment capacity and the energy storage device is fully charged, and there is still surplus power generation, controlling the idling of electrical equipment to consume excess power.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the energy management method for a zero-carbon building photovoltaic-storage direct-flexible power distribution system according to the present invention, in step S3, the specific logic of adjusting the compensation current based on the bus voltage is as follows: calculate the deviation of the obtained bus voltage from the rated value; if the deviation is within the preset safety threshold range, the bidirectional converter remains silent; if the deviation exceeds the safety threshold, control the bidirectional converter to output a compensation current proportional to the magnitude of the deviation; if the voltage change rate is detected to exceed the set rate threshold, control the bidirectional converter to output a large current to prevent voltage sudden changes.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the energy management method for a zero-carbon building photovoltaic-storage direct-flexible power distribution system according to the present invention, in step S4, the process of continuously adjusting until the deviation value converges includes: determining the adjustment range according to the magnitude of the deviation, and stopping the adjustment of the bus voltage until the deviation is within the preset safety threshold range.

[0019] This invention also provides a battery health protection mechanism for a zero-carbon building photovoltaic-storage-direct-flexible power distribution system, used to execute the above method, specifically including:

[0020] In non-emergency situations, the energy storage device can only be charged and discharged within the power range set by the user; if the ambient temperature of the energy storage device exceeds the preset temperature range, the charging and discharging power of the energy storage device is limited.

[0021] This invention also provides a voltage continuous adjustment logic for a zero-carbon building photovoltaic-storage-DC-flexible power distribution system, used to execute the above method, specifically including:

[0022] After a power adjustment command is issued, a command response waiting time is set. New commands are prohibited from being sent before the waiting time expires to prevent repeated adjustments and the accumulation of commands.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By constructing a digital mapping between environmental data and load power, and resolving it into equivalent electrical energy regulation capacity, this invention achieves coordinated operation between the building structure and energy storage devices. Its core lies in generating photovoltaic predicted power curves and power allocation schemes, and achieving self-sufficiency in electricity while ensuring battery health. Furthermore, by constructing a closed-loop voltage control system, this invention significantly improves the self-consistency rate and robustness of zero-carbon buildings under complex operating conditions, effectively ensuring the stability and safety of the power supply and distribution system during operation. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the energy management methodology for a zero-carbon building photovoltaic-storage-DC-flexible power distribution system.

[0026] Figure 2 A flowchart for generating a predicted power allocation scheme.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the logic for power distribution and battery health protection.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the bus voltage adjustment process.

[0029] Figure 5 The flowchart shows the logic for adaptive convergence and anti-oscillation. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0032] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "example" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearance of an embodiment in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that mutually excludes other embodiments.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] Reference Figures 1-5 As one embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment provides an energy management method for a zero-carbon building photovoltaic-storage-DC-flexible power distribution system, comprising the following steps:

[0035] S1. Obtain multi-dimensional operational data of the building, analyze and obtain the building's equivalent power regulation capacity, and generate predicted photovoltaic power generation based on the obtained predicted climate data.

[0036] The building's multidimensional operational data specifically includes environmental data and electrical data. The environmental data includes light intensity, indoor and outdoor temperature, wind speed, and humidity. The electrical data includes bus voltage, adjustable load operating power, and cable heating power.

[0037] The system captures the indoor temperature change trajectory after the user manually disconnects the environmental control equipment, and calculates the building's thermal insulation performance under different environmental data based on the trajectory. Combining the building's thermal insulation performance with the aforementioned electrical data, it estimates the electricity required for adjustable load operation and converts the required electricity into equivalent power regulation capacity. Adjustable loads specifically include rigid loads that require uninterrupted power supply and flexible loads with adjustable operating parameters.

[0038] Find a historical daily power generation curve similar to the acquired predicted climate data as a baseline curve; dynamically correct the baseline curve based on the predicted climate data and the installation years of the photovoltaic modules to form a predicted power curve; monitor the current actual power generation, and if there is a deviation between the actual power generation and the predicted power generation, adjust the predicted power curve according to the deviation.

[0039] The computer equipment first establishes data connections with various sensors and monitoring units inside and outside the building to acquire multi-dimensional operational data, specifically including the two key dimensions of environment and electrical systems. Through various sensors installed inside and outside the building, it collects real-time environmental data such as building facade light intensity, indoor and outdoor temperature, wind speed, and humidity, using this data as the basis for assessing the building's equivalent power regulation capacity and photovoltaic predicted power generation. Electrical data includes bus voltage, real-time operating power of various adjustable loads, and cable heating power. Current and voltage sensors acquire the current and voltage values ​​respectively, and the real-time operating power of adjustable loads and cable heating power are calculated based on the obtained current and voltage. A constraint relationship between cable heating power and thermal stability is established to prevent the scheduling algorithm from overheating and catching fire due to excessive current output during power regulation, ensuring cable safety during power regulation.

[0040] Among them, the adjustable load real-time operating power

[0041]

[0042] Cable heating power

[0043] The constraints on cable heating power and thermal stability are:

[0044] In the above formula, : respectively represent The real-time voltage and current flowing through the load can be adjusted at any time. express The current intensity flowing through the critical cable at all times; This represents the equivalent resistance value of the cable segment (calculated based on the cable material and length). Indicates the duration of heat accumulation; This indicates the maximum allowable heat accumulation threshold of the cable insulation layer.

[0045] Through formula Calculate real-time load power to provide data support for energy supply and demand balance; utilize Joule's law. Calculate the cable's heat generation power and monitor heat accumulation in real time using an integral inequality; if the integral value is close to... This limits the power flowing through the line, physically preventing the line from overheating and catching fire due to excessive current.

[0046] The system captures the indoor temperature change trajectory after the user manually disconnects the environmental control equipment (e.g., when the outdoor temperature is 30°C and the air conditioner is turned off, the indoor temperature rises from 24°C to 28°C). It analyzes the attenuation rate of this trajectory and, combined with the outdoor environmental data at the time (such as temperature and light intensity), calculates the building's thermal insulation characteristics under different environmental conditions. Based on these thermal insulation characteristics, it calculates how long the indoor temperature can remain within the user-set adjustable range (e.g., 24°C-26°C) if the power supply to the environmental control equipment is cut off under the current conditions. The system then integrates and virtualizes the electricity that the equipment would have consumed during this period, converting it into an equivalent energy regulation capacity.

[0047] To quantify the virtual energy storage value inherent in building thermal inertia, this embodiment uses an integral method to calculate the equivalent electrical energy regulation capacity. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0048]

[0049] In the above formula, This indicates the building's equivalent electrical energy regulation capacity under current operating conditions, expressed in kilowatt-hours (kWh). Indicates the moment when power to the environmental control equipment is cut off; This indicates that the environmental control equipment is in Rated operating power at any given time; This indicates the time it takes for the indoor temperature to reach the user-set comfort level boundary.

[0050] in, It is determined by the following thermodynamic constraints:

[0051]

[0052] In the above formula, express The indoor temperature at any given time; This indicates the target temperature set by the user. This indicates the maximum temperature fluctuation set by the user (e.g., 2°C).

[0053] Based on thermodynamic characteristics, it is predicted that after the power is cut off, the indoor temperature will drop from its current value. Change beyond the comfort zone Time required The amount of electricity that the equipment should have consumed during this period is the building's equivalent power regulation capacity.

[0054] To address the uncertainties in energy supply, a multi-factor prediction logic was constructed, incorporating feature matching, static correction, and dynamic calibration. First, historical databases were searched to find historical daily power generation curves similar to the acquired predicted climate data, which were then used as the baseline curve for prediction. An installation age factor for photovoltaic modules was introduced to statically adjust the baseline curve, eliminating systematic biases caused by equipment aging. During operation, real-time closed-loop feedback was maintained to continuously monitor the actual power generation. If a significant deviation (e.g., 5%) was detected between the actual and predicted power, a dynamic correction coefficient was calculated and used to adjust the prediction curve for the future period. This ensured that the prediction data could adapt to changes in environmental data (e.g., cloud cover), guaranteeing the effectiveness of subsequent dispatch strategies.

[0055] This embodiment constructs a multi-factor prediction system that includes historical benchmarks, static aging, and dynamic correction, ultimately predicting the power. Represented as:

[0056]

[0057] In the above formula, This represents the historical baseline power curve obtained by matching with meteorological similarity. This indicates the average annual degradation rate of the photovoltaic module (e.g., 0.8%). Indicates the number of years the photovoltaic modules have been installed; This represents the dynamic correction coefficient based on real-time feedback.

[0058] Among them, the dynamic correction coefficient The calculation logic is as follows:

[0059]

[0060] In the above formula: This indicates the actual power generation currently monitored; This represents the theoretically calculated power without dynamic correction. Smoothing factor This is used to prevent excessive oscillations in the prediction curve due to cloud cover.

[0061] First use Determine the basic shape of the power curve; then, through... Eliminate systematic errors caused by hardware aging; finally utilize The current actual observation bias is projected into future predictions; the above three layers of logic are integrated through a product form to ensure that the prediction results can adapt to changes in the data.

[0062] S2. Based on the equivalent power regulation capacity and the predicted photovoltaic power generation power allocation scheme, calculate the deviation between the actual operating power of the adjustable load and the power allocation scheme, and adjust the operating status of the adjustable load and the energy storage device according to the deviation.

[0063] Based on the equivalent power regulation capacity, an allocation plan is formulated. If the predicted photovoltaic power generation is greater than the rigid load, the excess power will be allocated to the flexible load and energy storage device according to the actual situation.

[0064] If the predicted photovoltaic power generation is less than the rigid load, the shortfall will be supplemented by the energy storage device; if the energy storage device's power is lower than the preset range, the operating power of the flexible load will be reduced within the adjustable range; if the flexible load exceeds the adjustable range and there is still a power shortfall, power will be drawn from the external power grid.

[0065] The deviation of the actual operating power of the adjustable load relative to the power distribution scheme is calculated. The power deviation of the adjustable load is reduced by adjusting the charging and discharging state of the energy storage device. For the adjustment of the adjustable load, the adjustment is carried out within the floating range of the power set by the user. If the adjustable load has reached its maximum adjustment capacity and the energy storage device is fully charged, and there is still surplus power generation, the idling of the electrical equipment is controlled to consume the excess power.

[0066] In non-emergency situations, the energy storage device is restricted to charging and discharging only within the power range set by the user; if the ambient temperature of the energy storage device exceeds the preset temperature range, the charging and discharging power of the energy storage device is restricted.

[0067] In formulating the power allocation scheme, a hierarchical power allocation scheme is implemented based on the predicted data. If it is determined that the predicted photovoltaic power generation is greater than the rigid load, the surplus power consumption mode is activated, and the excess power is stored inside the building. Based on the current energy storage status and the building's heat demand, the excess power is allocated to flexible loads and energy storage devices to maximize self-consumption rate (for example, when the battery power is >80%, the air conditioning setting is reduced by 1°C). If it is determined that the predicted photovoltaic power generation is less than the rigid load, the shortfall power compensation mode is activated, and a strict resource allocation priority logic is executed: the first priority is to call the energy storage device for discharge supplementation, using its fast response characteristics to fill the gap. If the energy storage device power is detected to be lower than the preset range (for example, SOC <20%), the operating power of the flexible load is reduced within the user-set adjustable range, and the equivalent electrical energy is released using the building's thermal inertia. Only in the extreme case where the flexible load has exceeded the adjustable range and there is still a power gap, the bidirectional converter is controlled to draw power from the external grid to ensure that the building is in a state of power self-sufficiency most of the time.

[0068] During the execution of the power allocation scheme, the deviation of the actual operating power of the adjustable load relative to the power allocation scheme is continuously calculated. After obtaining the power deviation value, firstly, the charging and discharging state of the energy storage device is adjusted to absorb high-frequency power fluctuations and reduce the power deviation of the adjustable load. Secondly, for the adjustment of the adjustable load, the user-defined boundaries are strictly followed, and fine-tuning is performed within the user-set power fluctuation range (e.g., lighting brightness adjustment range of 80%-100%). In addition, for the special case where the adjustable load has reached its maximum adjustment capacity and the energy storage device is fully charged, but there is still surplus power generation, in order to prevent DC bus voltage runaway, an active energy consumption strategy is activated to control non-critical electrical equipment to enter a specific power consumption mode to consume excess power and ensure the voltage stability of the circuit system.

[0069] Throughout the entire execution of the above allocation scheme, a battery health protection mechanism is embedded. In non-emergency situations, the energy storage device is forcibly restricted to charging and discharging within the user-preset power range (e.g., SOC 20%-80%) to prevent shortened battery life due to overcharging and over-discharging. A correlation between temperature and charging / discharging power is established, and the ambient temperature of the energy storage device is monitored in real time. If the temperature exceeds the preset range (e.g., >45℃), its charging / discharging power is limited, sacrificing short-term adjustment capabilities for long-term device safety.

[0070] S3. During the adjustment process, obtain the bus voltage and adjust the compensation current according to the bus voltage to ensure voltage stability;

[0071] The calculation of the deviation of the bus voltage from the rated value is performed. If the deviation is within the preset safety threshold range, the bidirectional converter remains silent. If the deviation exceeds the safety threshold, the bidirectional converter is controlled to output a compensation current proportional to the magnitude of the deviation. If the voltage change rate is detected to exceed the set rate threshold, the bidirectional converter is controlled to output a large current to prevent voltage sudden changes.

[0072] During the adjustment process, the bus voltage is continuously acquired, and the compensation current is adjusted according to the real-time status of the bus voltage to ensure the rigid stability of the DC bus. This process exhibits a segmented response logic based on the voltage fluctuation characteristics.

[0073] When performing macro-level energy dispatch, the deviation of the obtained bus voltage from the rated value is first calculated and compared with the preset safety threshold range. If the deviation is within the preset safety threshold range (e.g., 375V±10V), it is determined that the current state is stable, and the bidirectional converter remains silent to avoid frequent switching of the converter under small voltage fluctuations, eliminate unnecessary switching losses and small oscillations, and improve the operating efficiency at the physical level.

[0074] Once the deviation is detected to exceed the safety threshold, the bidirectional converter is activated. Based on the magnitude and direction of the deviation relative to the rated value, the bidirectional converter outputs a compensation current proportional to it, thereby controlling the voltage within the safety threshold range and eliminating voltage deviations caused by load regulation and fluctuations in photovoltaic power generation.

[0075] To balance energy efficiency and stability, the compensation current output of the bidirectional converter is adjusted. Implement the following segmented control strategy:

[0076]

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] In the above formula, This represents the voltage deviation, calculated as follows: ,in This is the current bus voltage. Rated voltage; This indicates the preset voltage safety threshold range; This indicates the rate of change of the monitored bus voltage; This indicates the preset voltage change rate threshold. This represents the proportional control gain coefficient; This represents the differential damping coefficient.

[0080] This piecewise function clearly defines three operating modes:

[0081] First line: Silent mode: When voltage deviation... In the dead zone Internally, the output current is 0 to avoid minor oscillations;

[0082] The second line describes the steady-state adjustment mode: when the deviation exceeds the limit but the change is gradual, only the proportional term is used. Perform linear compensation;

[0083] The third line is transient protection mode: when the voltage change rate... Exceeding the threshold Superimposed differential terms It provides a strong compensation current to suppress voltage surges.

[0084] To cope with step disturbances, a voltage change rate monitoring mechanism is introduced. If the voltage change rate exceeds the set rate threshold, it indicates that extreme conditions such as short circuit and large load start-up have occurred. Instead of waiting for the deviation to accumulate, it directly controls the bidirectional converter to output a large current based on the differential control principle, providing electrical damping for the DC bus to absorb and provide energy, clamping the voltage change, and preventing the circuit from collapsing due to overvoltage and undervoltage at the physical level.

[0085] S4. Continue adjusting until the deviation value converges to the preset threshold.

[0086] The adjustment range is determined based on the magnitude of the deviation, and the adjustment of the bus voltage is stopped when the deviation is within the preset safety threshold range.

[0087] After a power adjustment command is issued, a command response waiting time is set. New commands are prohibited from being sent before the waiting time expires to prevent repeated adjustments and the accumulation of commands.

[0088] During the adjustment process, the adjustment range is determined based on the magnitude of the deviation. In the initial stage and when the deviation is large, a large adjustment command is generated for rapid response. As the deviation gradually decreases, it automatically switches to micro-adjustment. Compensation current is continuously generated during the adjustment process until the deviation falls into the preset safety threshold range, which means that the bus voltage has reached a new dynamic equilibrium point. The adjustment of the bus voltage is then stopped, the current operating state is locked, and overshoot is avoided.

[0089] To address the inherent response delay of physical systems, a strict instruction management logic is established: when a power adjustment instruction is issued, an instruction response waiting time (e.g., 10 seconds) is set according to the different device response characteristics. New instructions are prohibited from being sent before the waiting time expires, giving the device sufficient response time to ensure that each adjustment is based on the actual feedback of the previous adjustment. This prevents circuit system oscillations caused by signal transmission delays and device response lags, and reduces the risk of repeated instruction adjustments and instruction accumulation.

[0090] In summary, this invention achieves coordinated operation between the building structure and energy storage devices by constructing a digital mapping between environmental data and load power, and resolving it into equivalent power regulation capacity. Its core lies in generating photovoltaic predicted power curves and power allocation schemes, and achieving self-sufficiency in electricity while ensuring battery health. Furthermore, by constructing a closed-loop voltage control system, this invention significantly improves the self-consistency rate and robustness of zero-carbon buildings under complex operating conditions, effectively ensuring the stability and safety of the power supply and distribution system during operation.

[0091] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy management method for a zero-carbon building photovoltaic-storage-DC-flexible power distribution system, characterized in that, Performed by a computer device, including the following steps: S1: Acquire multi-dimensional operational data of the building, analyze and obtain the building's equivalent power regulation capacity, and generate predicted photovoltaic power generation based on the acquired predicted climate data; S2: Based on the equivalent power regulation capacity and the predicted photovoltaic power generation power allocation scheme, calculate the deviation between the actual operating power of the adjustable load and the power allocation scheme, and adjust the operating status of the adjustable load and the energy storage device according to the deviation. S3: During the adjustment process, the bus voltage is obtained, and the compensation current is adjusted according to the bus voltage to ensure voltage stability; S4: Continue adjusting until the deviation value converges to a preset threshold; In step S1, the method for obtaining the equivalent power regulation capacity of a building includes: capturing the trajectory of indoor temperature change after the user manually interrupts the environmental control equipment; calculating the building's thermal insulation performance under different environmental data based on the trajectory; and combining the building's thermal insulation performance with electrical data to estimate the power required for the operation of the adjustable load and converting the required power into the equivalent power regulation capacity. In step S2, the power allocation scheme is generated according to the following principles: the allocation scheme is formulated based on the equivalent power regulation capacity; if the predicted photovoltaic power generation is greater than the rigid load, the excess power is allocated to the flexible load and energy storage device according to the actual situation; if the predicted photovoltaic power generation is less than the rigid load, the shortfall is supplemented by the energy storage device; if the energy storage device's power is lower than the preset range, the operating power of the flexible load is reduced within the adjustable range; if the flexible load exceeds the adjustable range and there is still a power shortfall, power is drawn from the external power grid. Adjusting the operating status of the adjustable load and the energy storage device based on the deviation value specifically includes: calculating the deviation of the actual operating power of the adjustable load relative to the power allocation scheme, reducing the power deviation of the adjustable load by adjusting the charging and discharging state of the energy storage device; adjusting the adjustable load within the floating range of the power set by the user; if the adjustable load has reached its maximum adjustment capacity and the energy storage device is fully charged, and there is still surplus power generation, controlling the electrical equipment to idle and consume excess power.

2. The energy management method for a zero-carbon building photovoltaic-storage-DC-flexible power distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the acquisition of multi-dimensional operational data of the building specifically includes environmental data and electrical data. The environmental data includes light intensity, indoor and outdoor temperature, wind speed, and humidity. The electrical data includes bus voltage, adjustable load operating power, and cable heating power.

3. The energy management method for a zero-carbon building photovoltaic-storage-DC-flexible power distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the process of generating predicted photovoltaic power generation includes: finding a historical daily power generation curve similar to the acquired predicted climate data as a reference curve; dynamically correcting the reference curve based on the predicted climate data and the installation years of the photovoltaic modules to form a predicted power curve; monitoring the current actual power generation, and if there is a deviation between the actual power generation and the predicted power generation, adjusting the predicted power curve according to the deviation.

4. The energy management method for a zero-carbon building photovoltaic-storage-DC-flexible power distribution system according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S3, the specific logic for adjusting the compensation current based on the bus voltage is as follows: calculate the deviation of the obtained bus voltage from the rated value; if the deviation is within the preset safety threshold range, the bidirectional converter remains silent; if the deviation exceeds the safety threshold, control the bidirectional converter to output a compensation current proportional to the magnitude of the deviation; if the voltage change rate is detected to exceed the set rate threshold, control the bidirectional converter to output a large current to prevent voltage sudden changes.

5. The energy management method for a zero-carbon building photovoltaic-storage-DC-flexible power distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the process of continuously adjusting until the deviation value converges includes: determining the adjustment range according to the magnitude of the deviation, and stopping the adjustment of the bus voltage until the deviation is within the preset safety threshold range.

6. The energy management method for a zero-carbon building photovoltaic-storage-DC-flexible power distribution system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method also includes a battery health protection mechanism, specifically including: limiting the energy storage device to charge and discharge only within the user-defined power range under non-emergency conditions; and limiting the charging and discharging power of the energy storage device if the ambient temperature of the energy storage device exceeds a preset temperature range.

7. The energy management method for a zero-carbon building photovoltaic-storage-DC-flexible power distribution system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The adjustment logic for performing the continuous adjustment also includes: after the power adjustment command is issued, setting a command response waiting time, and prohibiting the sending of new commands before the waiting time ends, so as to prevent repeated adjustments and the accumulation of commands.

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