Self-energized organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of neuromorphic devices, and discloses a self-energized organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device and a preparation method and application thereof. The self-energized organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device comprises a substrate, a conductive transparent electrode, an organic material layer, a reference electrode, an electrolyte and an electrochemical workstation, the conductive transparent electrode is arranged on the upper surface of the substrate and does not completely cover the upper surface of the substrate, and the organic material layer is arranged on the conductive transparent electrode and the upper surface of the substrate which is not covered by the conductive transparent electrode; one end of the reference electrode and one end of the working electrode are connected with the electrolyte, and the other end of the reference electrode and the other end of the working electrode are connected with the electrochemical workstation. According to the device, ions in liquid can be utilized or the dynamic response range of the device can be regulated and controlled by changing incident light, and the photoelectrochemical device shows an illumination-dependent reconfigurable nonlinear relaxation characteristic device, so that the functions of sensing, memorizing and in-situ preprocessing of optical signals can be realized, and the device can be widely applied to the field of bionic artificial visual systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of neuromorphic device fabrication technology, and in particular to a self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device, its fabrication method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] The biological visual system (including the eye, optic nerve, and brain) operates within a biological environment containing physiological electrolytes. Different wavelengths of light are detected by three types of cone cells in the retina, which convert the light signals into nerve impulses. These signals are transmitted via the optic nerve to the brain, where they are processed and stored as visual information. Neuronal communication relies on vesicle formation and the release of neurotransmitters into the surrounding fluid through exocytosis. These electrolyte-mediated chemical and electrical processes are fundamental to visual function. To truly replicate the capabilities of biological vision and enable seamless human-computer interaction in the future, it is crucial to develop biomimetic devices that can operate in aqueous environments and communicate using the same chemical language as biological systems.

[0003] Organic photoelectrochemical neuromorphic devices (OPDs), as devices capable of operating in liquid electrolytes and modulating ion-electron interactions in response to light stimulation, have shown great potential in realizing biomimetic visual systems. However, these existing OPDs are mainly based on three-terminal transistor structures and rely on external power supplies. This not only increases energy consumption but also poses risks of electrical leakage or self-discharge in liquid physiological environments. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop OPDs capable of self-powered operation in aqueous environments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device, its preparation method, and its application.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: A self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device includes a substrate, a conductive transparent electrode, an organic material layer, a reference electrode, an electrolyte, and an electrochemical workstation. The substrate is arranged horizontally, and the conductive transparent electrode is disposed on the upper surface of the substrate but does not completely cover the upper surface of the substrate. The organic material layer is disposed on the upper surface of the conductive transparent electrode and the part of the substrate not covered by the conductive transparent electrode. The conductive transparent electrode, the substrate, and the organic semiconductor layer together form a working electrode. One end of the reference electrode and the working electrode is connected to the electrolyte, and the other end of the reference electrode and the working electrode is connected to the electrochemical workstation.

[0006] Furthermore, the organic material layer is made of organic semiconductor material, which has efficient exciton dissociation characteristics and photocatalytic properties.

[0007] Furthermore, the organic semiconductor material is a blend of organic electron donor and organic electron acceptor materials, or a single layer of organic electron donor or acceptor material.

[0008] Furthermore, the substrate is glass or polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and substrate 1 can provide excellent mechanical stability.

[0009] Furthermore, the conductive transparent electrode is indium tin oxide (ITO) or fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO).

[0010] Furthermore, the reference electrode is an Ag / AgCl electrode or a saturated calomel electrode (SCE).

[0011] Furthermore, the electrolyte solution is a phosphate-balanced saline (PBS) solution or a sodium chloride (NaCl) solution. The biological visual system, situated in a physiological solution, utilizes a phosphate-balanced saline solution to more realistically simulate visual behavior.

[0012] Alternatively, there are no specific requirements for the thickness of the conductive transparent electrode and the thickness of the organic semiconductor layer.

[0013] The method for fabricating the self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device as described above is characterized by comprising the following steps: Step 1, Provide the substrate; Step 2: Patterned conductive transparent electrodes are formed on the substrate using magnetron sputtering technology; Step 3: An organic material layer is prepared on the conductive transparent electrode and on the substrate not covered by the conductive transparent electrode using a solution spin coating method to form the working electrode; Step 4: Insert the working electrode and reference electrode into the electrolyte, and then connect them to the electrochemical workstation via wires.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 2, the specific process of magnetron sputtering is as follows: ITO target material is selected, the deposition temperature is 300-400℃, the sputtering gas is pure argon, the sputtering pressure is 0.8-1.2 Pa, and the sputtering power is 80-120 W.

[0015] Further, in step 3, the specific process of the solution spin coating method is as follows: An organic semiconductor material solution is dropped onto the conductive transparent electrode and the substrate not covered by the conductive transparent electrode, and immediately rotated at 1500 rpm for 60 seconds to form a uniform thin film. The film is then placed in air and annealed at 100°C for 10 minutes to allow the solvent to completely evaporate. The solution spin coating method can form a uniform organic material layer.

[0016] The application of self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical devices as described above in biomimetic artificial vision systems.

[0017] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device of the present invention includes an electrochemical workstation, a working electrode, a reference electrode, and an electrolyte. The working electrode and the reference electrode are inserted into the electrolyte and externally connected to the electrochemical workstation via wires. The working electrode is a conductive transparent electrode magnetron sputtered onto a substrate, and an organic layer is disposed on the transparent electrode. This self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device can utilize ions in the liquid or change the incident light to modulate the dynamic response range of the device. Furthermore, the photoelectrochemical device exhibits light-dependent reconfigurable nonlinear relaxation characteristics, enabling sensing, memory, and in-situ preprocessing of light signals, and can be widely applied in the field of biomimetic artificial vision systems.

[0018] 2. In this invention, a conductive transparent electrode and an organic semiconductor material are used to fabricate the working electrode. The working electrode and the reference electrode form a self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device in an electrolyte. Due to the efficient exciton dissociation characteristics and redox properties under light irradiation of the organic semiconductor material, bulk exciton dissociation can be achieved to construct an ion-electron coupling system, significantly improving the neuromorphic visual performance of the photoelectrochemical device. Compared with phototransistors based on two-dimensional layered materials or perovskite materials, the photoelectrochemical device of this invention is simple to fabricate, has good biocompatibility, is flexible and bendable, allows for a wide variety of organic materials to be selected, and the wavelength range covered by the absorption of organic materials can all become the response wavelength of the device (i.e., it has a wide spectral response range). In addition, it can achieve better feature separation for different light stimulus inputs; and the photoelectrochemical device exhibits intrinsic short-term memory capability for photovoltage, enabling a good and tunable nonlinear feature transformation process in situ without the introduction of additional devices or circuits. The photoelectrochemical device provided by this invention requires no operating voltage (0 V), has significantly lower energy consumption than other neuromorphic visual sensors, and has no risk of leakage or self-discharge in liquid environments. By adjusting the types and concentrations of ions in the electrolyte solution, the photoelectrochemical device provided by this invention can operate under various dynamic lighting conditions. These advantages make the photoelectrochemical device of this invention highly suitable for constructing biomimetic neuromorphic visual systems. For complex dynamic light signal inputs, the photoelectrochemical device of this invention can serve as an in-situ integrated sensor and storage / computing unit, which is of great significance for future human-machine integrated artificial intelligence technologies.

[0019] 3. This invention proposes a self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device based on an electrochemical cell structure that operates in a biocompatible medium and its preparation method. The photoelectrochemical device can respond to light signals without external power supply, and has a simple structure and no additional hardware integration requirements. It can be used to construct an artificial vision system based on a liquid ion environment, thereby achieving a wide-spectrum visual information response and self-repair function after oxidative damage. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device of the present invention; Figure 2 The diagram shows the synaptic response of the photoelectrochemical device prepared in Example 1 of this invention under different light intensities. Figure 3 The diagram shows the synaptic response of the photoelectrochemical device prepared in Example 1 of this invention under different numbers of light pulses. Figure 4 The diagram shows the synaptic response of the photoelectrochemical device prepared in Example 1 of this invention at different light pulse frequencies. Figure 5 The diagram shows the synaptic response of the photoelectrochemical device prepared in Example 2 of this invention under different concentrations of sulfuric acid. Figure 6 The diagram shows the synaptic response of the photoelectrochemical device prepared in Example 2 of this invention under different concentrations of ascorbic acid. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments. The following embodiments are descriptive and not limiting, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The various experimental operations involved in the specific embodiments are all conventional techniques in the field. For parts not specifically annotated in this document, those skilled in the art can refer to various commonly used reference books, scientific and technological documents or related instructions and manuals prior to the filing date of this invention to carry out the operations.

[0023] A self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device includes a substrate, a conductive transparent electrode, an organic material layer, a reference electrode, an electrolyte, and an electrochemical workstation. The substrate is arranged horizontally, and the conductive transparent electrode is disposed on the upper surface of the substrate but does not completely cover the upper surface of the substrate. The organic material layer is disposed on the upper surface of the conductive transparent electrode and the part of the substrate not covered by the conductive transparent electrode. The conductive transparent electrode, the substrate, and the organic semiconductor layer together form a working electrode. One end of the reference electrode and the working electrode is connected to the electrolyte, and the other end of the reference electrode and the working electrode is connected to the electrochemical workstation.

[0024] Preferably, the organic material layer is made of an organic semiconductor material, which has efficient exciton dissociation characteristics and photocatalytic characteristics.

[0025] Preferably, the organic semiconductor material is a blend of organic electron donor material and organic electron acceptor material, or a single layer of organic electron donor or acceptor material.

[0026] Preferably, the substrate is glass or polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and substrate 1 can provide superior mechanical stability.

[0027] Preferably, the conductive transparent electrode is indium tin oxide (ITO) or fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO).

[0028] Preferably, the reference electrode is an Ag / AgCl electrode or a saturated calomel electrode (SCE).

[0029] Preferably, the electrolyte solution is phosphate-balanced saline (PBS) solution or sodium chloride solution (NaCl). The biological visual system, situated in a physiological solution, utilizes phosphate-balanced saline solution to more realistically simulate visual behavior.

[0030] Alternatively, there are no specific requirements for the thickness of the conductive transparent electrode and the thickness of the organic semiconductor layer.

[0031] The method for fabricating the self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device as described above is characterized by comprising the following steps: Step 1, Provide the substrate; Step 2: Patterned conductive transparent electrodes are formed on the substrate using magnetron sputtering technology; Step 3: An organic material layer is prepared on the conductive transparent electrode and on the substrate not covered by the conductive transparent electrode using a solution spin coating method to form the working electrode; Step 4: Insert the working electrode and reference electrode into the electrolyte, and then connect them to the electrochemical workstation via wires.

[0032] Preferably, in step 2, the specific process of magnetron sputtering is as follows: ITO target material is selected, the deposition temperature is 300 ℃, the sputtering gas is pure argon, the sputtering pressure is 0.8 Pa, and the sputtering power is 80 W.

[0033] Preferably, in step 3, the specific process of the solution spin coating method is as follows: An organic semiconductor material solution is dropped onto a conductive transparent electrode and onto a substrate not covered by the conductive transparent electrode; immediately, it is rotated at 1500 rpm for 60 seconds to form a uniform thin film; then, the film is placed in an air environment and annealed at 100°C for 10 minutes to allow the solvent to completely evaporate. The solution spin coating method can form a uniform organic material layer.

[0034] The application of self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical devices as described above in biomimetic artificial vision systems.

[0035] Specifically, the relevant preparation and testing methods are as follows: Example 1 This embodiment provides a self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the photoelectrochemical device includes a substrate 1, a conductive transparent electrode 2, an organic material layer 3, a reference electrode 4, an electrolyte 5, and an electrochemical workstation 6. The substrate is arranged horizontally, and the conductive transparent electrode is disposed on the upper surface of the substrate but does not completely cover the upper surface of the substrate. The organic material layer is disposed on the upper surface of the conductive transparent electrode and the part of the substrate not covered by the conductive transparent electrode. The conductive transparent electrode, the substrate, and the organic semiconductor layer together form the working electrode. One end of the reference electrode and the working electrode is connected to the electrolyte, and the other end of the reference electrode and the working electrode is connected to the electrochemical workstation.

[0036] The working electrode consists of a substrate 1, a conductive transparent electrode 2 formed on the substrate, and a uniform organic material layer 3 formed on the conductive transparent electrode 2 and on the substrate 1 not covered by the conductive transparent electrode 2. Finally, the working electrode and the reference electrode 4 are inserted into the electrolyte 5 and then connected to the electrochemical workstation 6 through suitable wires.

[0037] The substrate 1 is glass.

[0038] The excitation light is visible or near-infrared. In operation, the excitation light irradiates the organic material layer, generating electrons and holes. The electrons react with the external electrolyte in a reduction reaction, causing a change in the potential of the working electrode compared to the reference electrode. This voltage change in response can be detected by the electrochemical workstation. The photoelectric response characteristics of the photoelectrochemical device can be modulated by changing the electrolyte ion concentration and type, or by altering the excitation light wavelength and intensity.

[0039] The specific fabrication method of the above-mentioned self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device is as follows: Step 1, Cleaning substrate 1: Place substrate 1 in detergent water, deionized water, acetone and isopropanol in sequence and ultrasonically clean for 30 min each.

[0040] Step 2: The conductive transparent electrode 2 is formed on the cleaned substrate 1 by magnetron sputtering (using ITO target material, deposition temperature of 300 ℃, sputtering gas is pure argon, sputtering pressure is 1.0 Pa, sputtering power is 100 W).

[0041] Step 3, prepare organic semiconductor material solution: Add organic semiconductor material PM6 to chloroform at room temperature and stir for 12 h to obtain PM6 solution.

[0042] The PM6 solution concentration was 10 mg / ml.

[0043] Step 4: Process the organic semiconductor material layer 3 by solution spin coating: Drop PM6 solution onto the conductive transparent electrode 2 and the substrate 1 not covered by the conductive transparent electrode, and immediately rotate at 1500 rpm for 60 s to form a uniform organic material film. Then place it in an air environment and anneal at 100 ℃ for 10 min to allow the solvent to evaporate completely, forming the organic semiconductor layer 3, thus obtaining a working electrode composed of substrate 1, conductive transparent electrode 2 and organic semiconductor layer 3.

[0044] Step 5: Insert the working electrode and reference electrode 4 into the PBS electrolyte 5, and then connect them to the electrochemical workstation 6 via wires. This forms a self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device.

[0045] In this embodiment, the photoelectrochemical device can simulate the function of horizontal cells in the human retina, and the organic semiconductor layer 3 functions similarly to light-receiving cells such as cone cells and rod cells. Furthermore, since PM6 is a p-type semiconductor material, its energy bands bend downwards in the PBS electrolyte, allowing electrons to enter the electrolyte, similar to the release of vesicles from the presynaptic membrane.

[0046] This embodiment focuses on illustrating the photoresponse characteristics of the photoelectrochemical device, wherein the wavelength of the light signal used to stimulate the photoelectrochemical device is 450 nm, and the intensity varies with the test requirements.

[0047] In this embodiment, the synaptic response curves of the photoelectrochemical device under various light intensities were tested (the detection method used was the open-circuit voltage mode of an electrochemical workstation). The test results can be found in [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 It can be observed that the synaptic response voltage (PSV, the open-circuit voltage of the working electrode relative to the reference electrode 4) changes with light intensity. This indicates that the photoelectrochemical device possesses real-time sensing performance for light signals and can effectively distinguish between light intensities.

[0048] This embodiment tests the PSV changes of a photoelectrochemical device under light pulse stimulation with different pulse numbers. The test results can be found in [link to test results]. Figure 3 The device requires no additional current or voltage application, and the optical pulse intensity is 30 mW / cm². 2 The duration τ of the light pulse on The interval τ between light pulses is 1 s. offThe response time is 1 s. It can be observed that the response behavior of the photoelectrochemical device under multiple light pulse stimuli can be regarded as the cumulative superposition of its single light pulse response behavior on the time scale. As the frequency of light stimulation increases, the PSV of the photoelectrochemical device also gradually increases, realizing the separation of different pulse number characteristics.

[0049] This embodiment tests the PSV changes of a photoelectrochemical device under light pulse stimulation of different pulse frequencies. The test results can be found in [link to test results]. Figure 4 The light pulse intensity was 30 mW / cm². 2 It can be observed that as the light stimulation frequency increases, the photoelectrochemical device's PSV gradually decreases, thus achieving separation of characteristics at different pulse frequencies.

[0050] exist Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the two photoelectric conversion behavior tests shown, it can be found that the photoelectrochemical device possesses short-term memory capability for photoresponse behavior. After the light stimulus is removed, the photoelectrochemical device's PSV does not instantly return to its initial level, but rather decays slowly in a nonlinear relaxation manner. That is, even after the light is removed, it can still effectively distinguish light inputs with different characteristics based on the PSV magnitude. This characteristic enables the photoelectrochemical device to achieve excellent memory storage of optical signals at the hardware level.

[0051] Example 2 This embodiment provides a self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the photoelectrochemical device includes a substrate 1, a conductive transparent electrode 2, an organic material layer 3, a reference electrode 4, an electrolyte 5, and an electrochemical workstation 6. The substrate is arranged horizontally, and the conductive transparent electrode is disposed on the upper surface of the substrate but does not completely cover the upper surface of the substrate. The organic material layer is disposed on the upper surface of the conductive transparent electrode and the part of the substrate not covered by the conductive transparent electrode. The conductive transparent electrode, the substrate, and the organic semiconductor layer together form the working electrode. One end of the reference electrode and the working electrode is connected to the electrolyte, and the other end of the reference electrode and the working electrode is connected to the electrochemical workstation.

[0052] The working electrode consists of a substrate 1, a conductive transparent electrode 2 formed on the substrate, and a uniform organic material layer 3 formed on the conductive transparent electrode 2 and on the substrate 1 not covered by the conductive transparent electrode 2. Finally, the working electrode and the reference electrode 4 are inserted into the electrolyte 5 and then connected to the electrochemical workstation 6 through suitable wires.

[0053] Substrate 1 is PET.

[0054] The excitation light is visible or near-infrared. In operation, the excitation light irradiates the organic material layer, generating electrons and holes. The electrons react with the external electrolyte in a reduction reaction, causing a change in the potential of the working electrode compared to the reference electrode. This voltage change in response can be detected by the electrochemical workstation. The photoelectric response characteristics of the photoelectrochemical device can be modulated by changing the electrolyte ion concentration and type, or by altering the excitation light wavelength and intensity.

[0055] The specific fabrication method of the above-mentioned self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device is as follows: Step 1, Cleaning substrate 1: Place substrate 1 in detergent water, deionized water, acetone and isopropanol in sequence and ultrasonically clean for 30 min each.

[0056] Step 2: The conductive transparent electrode 2 is formed on the cleaned substrate 1 by magnetron sputtering (using ITO target material, deposition temperature of 350 ℃, sputtering gas of pure argon, sputtering pressure of 1.2 Pa, and sputtering power of 100 W). Step 3, prepare organic semiconductor material solution: Add organic semiconductor material PM6 to chloroform at room temperature and stir for 12 h to obtain PM6 solution.

[0057] The PM6 solution concentration was 20 mg / ml.

[0058] Step 4: Process the organic semiconductor material layer 3 by solution spin coating: Drop PM6 solution onto the conductive transparent electrode 2 and the substrate 1 not covered by the conductive transparent electrode, and immediately rotate at 2000 rpm for 20 s to form a uniform organic material film. Then place it in an air environment and anneal at 100 ℃ for 10 min to allow the solvent to evaporate completely, forming the organic semiconductor layer 3. The working electrode consisting of the substrate 1, the conductive transparent electrode 2 and the organic semiconductor layer 3 is then applied.

[0059] Step 5: Insert the working electrode and reference electrode 4 into the PBS electrolyte 5, and then connect them to the electrochemical workstation 6 via wires. This forms a self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device.

[0060] In this embodiment, the photoelectrochemical device can simulate the function of horizontal cells in the human retina, and the organic semiconductor layer 3 functions similarly to light-receiving cells such as cone cells and rod cells. Furthermore, since PM6 is a p-type semiconductor material, its energy bands bend downwards in the PBS electrolyte, allowing electrons to enter the electrolyte, similar to the release of vesicles from the presynaptic membrane.

[0061] This embodiment focuses on illustrating the chemical response characteristics of photoelectrochemical devices. Different synaptic responses can be obtained by changing the types and concentrations of ions in the electrolyte.

[0062] In this embodiment, the change in PSV (open-circuit voltage value of the working electrode relative to the reference electrode 4) of the photoelectrochemical device after applying light pulse stimulation was tested in electrolytes with different sulfuric acid concentrations (the detection method adopted was the open-circuit voltage mode of the electrochemical workstation). The test results can be found in [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5 The device requires no additional current or voltage, has a light wavelength of 450 nm, and a light pulse intensity of 30 mW / cm². 2 The duration τ of the light pulse on The interval τ between light pulses is 1 s. off The time is 1 s. It can be observed that the photoelectrochemical device PSV gradually increases in electrolytes with increasing sulfuric acid concentration, thus achieving the separation of characteristics of sulfuric acid at different concentrations.

[0063] In this embodiment, the PSV changes of the photoelectrochemical device were tested after applying light pulse stimulation in electrolytes with different ascorbic acid concentrations. The test results can be found in [link to test results]. Figure 6 The device requires no additional current or voltage, has a light wavelength of 450 nm, and a light pulse intensity of 30 mW / cm². 2 The duration τ of the light pulse on The interval τ between light pulses is 1 s. off The value is 1 second. It can be observed that in an electrolyte with increasing ascorbic acid concentration, the PSV of the photoelectrochemical device gradually decreases, thus achieving the separation of characteristics of ascorbic acid at different concentrations.

[0064] In existing neuromorphic photoelectrochemical devices, external voltage is often required to achieve photoresponsive neuromorphic functions, inevitably leading to increased energy consumption during operation. Self-powered operation, however, generates no power consumption. For example, CN 114256294 B reports a luminescent electrochemical artificial synapse with parallel photoelectric signal output, but this requires a 6 V voltage. Additionally, CN 120882220 A reports an organic photoelectrochemical synaptic transistor that also requires a 1.8 V gate voltage during operation. Currently, no self-powered (0 V) organic photoelectrochemical devices achieving neuromorphic functions have been reported.

[0065] Although embodiments of the invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will understand that various substitutions, variations, and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of the invention is not limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiments.

Claims

1. A self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device, characterized in that: The photoelectrochemical device includes a substrate, a conductive transparent electrode, an organic material layer, a reference electrode, an electrolyte, and an electrochemical workstation. The substrate is arranged horizontally, and the conductive transparent electrode is disposed on the upper surface of the substrate but does not completely cover the upper surface of the substrate. The organic material layer is disposed on the upper surface of the conductive transparent electrode and the part of the substrate not covered by the conductive transparent electrode. The conductive transparent electrode, the substrate, and the organic semiconductor layer together form the working electrode. One end of the reference electrode and the working electrode are connected to the electrolyte, and the other end of the reference electrode and the working electrode are connected to the electrochemical workstation.

2. The self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic material layer is made of organic semiconductor material.

3. The self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The organic semiconductor material is a blend of organic electron donor and organic electron acceptor materials, or a single layer of organic electron donor or acceptor material.

4. The self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The substrate is glass or polyethylene terephthalate.

5. The self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive transparent electrode is indium tin oxide or fluorine-doped tin oxide.

6. The self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reference electrode is an Ag / AgCl electrode or a saturated calomel electrode.

7. The self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolyte solution is a phosphate-balanced physiological saline solution and a sodium chloride solution; Alternatively, there are no specific requirements for the thickness of the conductive transparent electrode and the thickness of the organic semiconductor layer.

8. The method for preparing a self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The process includes the following steps: Step 1, Provide the substrate; Step 2: Patterned conductive transparent electrodes are formed on the substrate using magnetron sputtering technology; Step 3: An organic material layer is prepared on the conductive transparent electrode and on the substrate not covered by the conductive transparent electrode using a solution spin coating method to form the working electrode; Step 4: Insert the working electrode and reference electrode into the electrolyte, and then connect them to the electrochemical workstation via wires.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 3, the specific process of the solution spin coating method is as follows: the organic semiconductor material solution is dropped onto the conductive transparent electrode and the substrate not covered by the conductive transparent electrode, and then immediately rotated at a speed of 1500 rpm for 60 s to form a uniform film. The film is then placed in an air environment and annealed at 100 ℃ for 10 min to allow the solvent to evaporate completely.

10. The application of the self-powered organic neuromorphic photoelectrochemical device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 in a biomimetic artificial vision system.

Images