Manufacturing method of porous tantalum dental implant based on AI and 3D printing

Abstract

The invention provides a porous tantalum dental implant manufacturing method based on AI and 3D printing, and relates to the technical field of stomatology and 3D printing, and the porous tantalum dental implant manufacturing method comprises the following steps: S1, establishing a historical CBCT data set; using the historical CBCT data set to train and construct an oral cavity reconstruction model in an AI modeling platform based on a deep learning algorithm; s2, generating a corresponding oral cavity reconstruction model according to the CBCT of the oral cavity of the patient; the implant three-dimensional model comprises a dental crown, a dental base and an implant matrix; the planting matrix is of a gradient porous structure and is divided into a surface layer area, a transition area and a core area from top to bottom, and the porosity and the aperture of the surface layer area are gradually reduced. S3, adjusting the shape and size of the implant three-dimensional model, and optimizing the implant three-dimensional model; s4, performing 3D printing to obtain an implant; and S5, preparing hydroxyapatite coatings on the outer surface of the planting matrix and the inner wall surfaces of the internal pores. The problems that in the prior art, the elastic modulus of an implant is not matched, the osseointegration efficiency is low, and the adaptability of a restoration is poor are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of oral medicine and 3D printing technology, and more particularly to a method for manufacturing a porous tantalum dental implant based on AI and 3D printing. Background Technology

[0002] The elastic modulus of existing titanium alloy implants (approximately 110 GPa) is significantly higher than that of human bone (approximately 0.5-15 GPa in cancellous bone), leading to stress shielding effect, causing bone resorption around the implant, and reducing long-term stability. In addition, the geometry of standardized implants is difficult to match the complex alveolar bone anatomy, requiring manual adjustment of the implantation angle during surgery, which can easily cause insufficient initial stability or damage to nerves and blood vessels.

[0003] In existing digital dental implant restoration technologies, CAD / CAM-based digital restoration processes rely on manual design, resulting in time-consuming modeling (an average of 2-3 hours per tooth restoration plan). Furthermore, their ability to optimize osseointegration is limited. While 3D printing of titanium alloy implants can achieve personalized shapes, it fails to address the issues of material bioactivity and mechanical compatibility. Tantalum metal possesses excellent biocompatibility and osteoinductive properties, but traditional powder metallurgy or spraying processes struggle to fabricate complex porous structures. Titanium-based implants with bio-coatings, due to their uniform pore distribution, cannot achieve gradient mechanical properties, and the coating is prone to peeling, thus preventing them from becoming the optimal material choice currently. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems of mismatched elastic modulus of implants, low osseointegration efficiency, and poor prosthesis compatibility in existing dental implant technologies, this invention provides a method for manufacturing porous tantalum dental implants based on AI and 3D printing.

[0005] The technical means employed in this invention are as follows:

[0006] The manufacturing method of porous tantalum dental implants based on AI and 3D printing specifically includes the following steps: S1. Establish a historical CBCT dataset: Collect multiple oral CBCT scans clinically, and delineate the three-dimensional contours of the crowns and roots of the teeth and the alveolar bone in each CBCT scan, and mark the positions and contours of key anatomical landmarks on the alveolar bone; use the historical CBCT dataset to train and construct an oral reconstruction model based on deep learning algorithms in an AI modeling platform. The oral reconstruction model is used to simulate the three-dimensional model of the extraction socket and alveolar bone in the area of ​​the tooth to be extracted, as well as the three-dimensional model of the matching implant. S2. A CBCT scan of the patient's oral cavity is acquired using a scanning device. In the AI ​​modeling platform, based on the CBCT scan, a corresponding 3D model of the extraction socket and alveolar bone in the area where the tooth to be extracted is generated using an oral reconstruction model, along with a matching 3D model of the implant. The structure of the generated 3D implant model is adjusted using the AI ​​modeling platform: the implant 3D model includes a crown, abutment, and implant matrix; the crown has an abutment inside, with a protruding part on the side of the abutment's bottom; the abutment's top mounting slot has an anti-micro-movement locking groove matching the protrusion on its side wall; the abutment and abutment are connected by extending the protruding part of the abutment into the mounting slot and embedding the protrusion into the corresponding anti-micro-movement locking groove; the bottom of the abutment is connected to the implant matrix; the implant matrix has a gradient porous structure, divided from top to bottom into a surface zone, a transition zone, and a core zone with length proportions of 30%, 10%, and 60% respectively, with the porosity and pore size gradually decreasing in the surface zone, transition zone, and core zone. S3. Optimize the 3D implant model by adjusting its shape and size within the AI ​​modeling platform. When the implant structure corresponding to the 3D implant model meets the following requirements, output the 3D implant model as the final 3D model of the porous tantalum dental implant: (1) The equivalent elastic modulus of the implant structure is in the range of 8GPa-15GPa; the maximum stress borne by the bone tissue around the implant is less than the bone yield strength by 60MPa, preferably ≤45MPa; the compressive strength of the implant is ≥150MPa, and the fatigue life is >10 under a load of 50N-200N. 7 The next loop; (2) The gradient porous structure of the implant matrix of the implant meets the following requirements: the porosity of the surface area is 80%-85%, and the pore size is 500μm-600μm; the porosity of the transition area is 70%-75%, and the pore size is 400μm-500μm; the porosity of the core area is 60%-65%, and the pore size is 300μm-400μm; the stability index ISQ value of the implant is ≥75, and the implantation torque is >30N•cm; (3) The locking gap between the protrusion at the bottom of the abutment and the anti-fretting locking groove on the tooth base is ≤30μm; (4) Ensure that the three-dimensional model of the implant can pass the process verification of the 3D printing equipment, and ensure that no structural defects occur during the 3D printing process, so that it can be successfully manufactured using the 3D printing equipment; As the shape and size parameters of the implant 3D model are adjusted, the AI ​​modeling platform can reflect the changes in the above structural and performance data in real time, thereby enabling timely determination of the optimization of the implant 3D model. S4. The final three-dimensional model of the porous tantalum dental implant is imported into the 3D printing equipment. Selective laser melting (SLM) technology is used to print the abutment, tooth base, and implant matrix of the implant layer by layer. Digital light processing (DLP) technology is used to print the crown of the implant. The printing material for the abutment, tooth base, and implant matrix is ​​high-purity porous tantalum, and the printing material for the crown is biocompatible resin or ceramic. S5. Using electrochemical deposition technology, a hydroxyapatite coating with a thickness of 50nm-200nm is prepared on the outer surface of the printed implant substrate and the inner wall surface of the internal pores.

[0007] Furthermore, in the AI ​​modeling platform of step S1, a convolutional neural network (CNN) is used to train and construct a three-dimensional model of oral cavity reconstruction; in the AI ​​modeling platform of step S2, a generative adversarial network (GAN) is used to generate a three-dimensional model of the patient's oral cavity reconstruction.

[0008] Furthermore, in step S4, during the 3D printing process, the filament diameter of the porous mesh structure used to support the implant is 300-400 μm.

[0009] Furthermore, the SLM printing parameters used in step S4 are as follows: laser power 200W-300W, scanning speed 700 mm / s-1000 mm / s, layer thickness 20μm-40μm; protective gas is argon with oxygen content ≤0.1%; after printing, the implant is heat-treated at a temperature of 800-1000℃ for 1-2 hours.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S4, during the 3D printing process, the matching error between the protrusion at the bottom of the abutment and the anti-micro-motion locking groove on the tooth base is ≤50μm.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The manufacturing method of porous tantalum dental implants based on AI and 3D printing provided by this invention has significantly better natural bioactivity than titanium alloys. Its surface hydroxyapatite coating and pre-loaded BMP-2 protein can accelerate osteoblast migration and differentiation, and increase the osseointegration speed by 40% (the osseointegration period of traditional titanium implants is ≥6 months, while the implant of this invention can shorten the osseointegration period to 3-4 months). The chemical inertness of tantalum (its resistance to body fluid corrosion is 3 times higher than that of titanium) can reduce the release of metal ions, and the 10-year survival rate of the implant is increased to 98% (92-95% for titanium alloys).

[0012] 2. The manufacturing method of porous tantalum dental implants based on AI and 3D printing provided by this invention has a pore gradient with a dense outer layer and a sparse inner layer, which can make the elastic modulus (8-15GPa) highly matched with the cancellous bone (0.5-15GPa), reducing the stress shielding effect by 60% and bone resorption by 57% (bone resorption of titanium implants in the control group is ≥0.7mm, while bone resorption of implants in this invention is ≤0.3mm); the implant structure customized based on the patient's alveolar socket morphology has an initial stability (ISQ value ≥75) that is 15% higher than that of traditional single implants (ISQ value ≤65), and the ability to resist lateral forces is enhanced by 2 times.

[0013] 3. The manufacturing method of porous tantalum dental implants based on AI and 3D printing provided by this invention uses AI technology (CNN and GAN in deep learning algorithms) to shorten the implant design time from 2-3 hours to 10 minutes, improving efficiency by 12 times, and achieving a matching accuracy of 95% (human modeling error > 100μm, error of this invention ≤ 50μm). Through occlusal force sensor data and finite element analysis, the stress distribution uniformity of the occlusal surface of the restoration is improved by 70%, avoiding porcelain chipping or abutment loosening caused by local overload.

[0014] 4. The manufacturing method of porous tantalum dental implant based on AI and 3D printing provided by the present invention can simultaneously print porous tantalum abutments, tooth bases, implant substrates, and crowns made of ceramic / resin material, and control the locking gap between the abutment and tooth base to ≤30μm, avoiding the cumulative error (>100μm) of traditional multiple impressions, which cannot be achieved by traditional cutting processes.

[0015] Based on the above reasons, this invention can be widely promoted in the field of dental implant manufacturing. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the porous tantalum dental implant structure described in this invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the gradient porous structure described in this invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the oral cavity reconstruction model generated in the manufacturing method of porous tantalum dental implants based on AI and 3D printing as described in this invention.

[0020] Figure 4This is a CBCT image of the porous tantalum dental implant after implantation in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Crown; 2. Abutment; 21. Anti-micro-movement occlusion groove; 3. Implant matrix; 31. Surface area; 32. Transition area; 33. Core area; 4. Abutment. Detailed Implementation

[0022] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0025] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0027] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "over," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation besides the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, a device described as "above" or "above" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0028] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0029] like Figure 1-3 As shown, this invention provides a method for manufacturing a porous tantalum dental implant based on AI and 3D printing, specifically including the following steps: S1. Establish a historical CBCT dataset: Collect multiple oral CBCT scans (digital 3D data reflecting the patient's oral cavity, such as alveolar bone morphology, bone density distribution, and occlusal force distribution) clinically, and delineate the 3D contours of the tooth crowns and roots, as well as the alveolar bone in each CBCT scan, and mark the location and contours of key anatomical landmarks on the alveolar bone. Key anatomical landmarks are structures defined by clinical practice in oral anatomy and implant surgery that are crucial to the safety and success of implant surgery, including the mandibular canal (containing the inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle), the floor of the maxillary sinus, the roots of adjacent teeth, the alveolar ridge crest, the bone cortex boundary, and bone density zones. Use the historical CBCT dataset to train an oral reconstruction model based on deep learning algorithms in an AI modeling platform to construct an oral reconstruction model. The oral reconstruction model is used to simulate the 3D model of the extraction socket and alveolar bone in the area of ​​the tooth to be extracted, as well as the 3D model of the matching implant. S2. Obtain a CBCT scan of the patient's oral cavity using a scanning device. In the AI ​​modeling platform, based on the CBCT scan, generate a corresponding 3D model of the extraction socket and alveolar bone in the area where the tooth to be extracted will be located, along with a matching 3D model of the implant, using an oral reconstruction model. The AI ​​modeling platform is then used to adjust the structure of the generated 3D implant model: the implant model includes a crown 1, an abutment 2, and an implant matrix 3; the crown 1 has an abutment 4 inside, and the protruding part of the abutment 4 has a protrusion on its side; the abutment 2 has a protrusion on its top... The mounting groove sidewall is provided with an anti-micro-movement locking groove 21 that matches the protrusion. The abutment 4 and the tooth base 2 are connected by extending the part of the bottom of the abutment 4 into the mounting groove and embedding the protrusion into the corresponding anti-micro-movement locking groove 21. The bottom of the tooth base 2 is connected to the implant matrix 3. The implant matrix 3 has a gradient porous structure, which is divided into a surface area 31, a transition area 32 and a core area 33 with length ratios of 30%, 10% and 60% respectively from top to bottom. The porosity and pore size of the surface area 31, the transition area 32 and the core area 33 gradually decrease. S3. Optimize the 3D implant model by adjusting its shape and size within the AI ​​modeling platform. When the implant structure corresponding to the 3D implant model meets the following requirements, output the 3D implant model as the final 3D model of the porous tantalum dental implant: (1) The equivalent elastic modulus of the implant structure is in the range of 8GPa-15GPa; the maximum stress borne by the bone tissue around the implant is less than the bone yield strength by 60MPa; the compressive strength of the implant is ≥150MPa, and the fatigue life is >10 under a load of 50N-200N. 7 The next loop; (2) The gradient porous structure of the implant matrix of the implant meets the following requirements: the porosity of the surface zone 31 is 80%-85%, and the pore size is 500μm-600μm; the porosity of the transition zone 32 is 70%-75%, and the pore size is 400μm-500μm; the porosity of the core zone 33 is 60%-65%, and the pore size is 300μm-400μm; the stability index ISQ value of the implant is ≥75, and the implantation torque is >30N•cm; (3) The locking gap between the protrusion at the bottom of the abutment 4 and the anti-micro-motion locking groove 21 on the tooth base 2 is ≤30μm; (4) Ensure that the three-dimensional model of the implant can pass the process verification of the 3D printing equipment, and ensure that no structural defects occur during the 3D printing process, so that it can be successfully manufactured using the 3D printing equipment; As the shape and size parameters of the implant 3D model are adjusted, the AI ​​modeling platform can reflect the changes in the above structural and performance data in real time, thereby enabling timely determination of the optimization of the implant 3D model. S4. The final three-dimensional model of the porous tantalum dental implant is imported into the 3D printing equipment. Selective laser melting (SLM) technology is used to print the abutment 4, tooth base 2, and implant matrix 3 of the implant layer by layer. Digital light processing (DLP) technology is used to print the crown 1 of the implant. The printing material for the abutment 4, tooth base 2, and implant matrix 3 is high-purity porous tantalum, and the printing material for the crown 1 is biocompatible resin or ceramic. S5. Using electrochemical deposition technology, a hydroxyapatite coating with a thickness of 50nm-200nm is prepared on the outer surface of the printed implantation substrate 3 and the inner wall surface of the internal pores.

[0030] The gradient porous structure of the implant matrix prepared by the method described in this invention can achieve biomimetic mechanical properties with an elastic modulus of 8-15 GPa. The simultaneously constructed crown, which can lock with the tooth abutment, can ensure the geometric continuity of the occlusal surface morphology with adjacent teeth. Clinical verification shows that the osseointegration rate of the implant prepared by the method described in this invention is 18%-25% higher than that of traditional titanium alloys, and the placement accuracy error of the restoration is less than 40 μm, significantly shortening the treatment cycle. This invention provides an innovative technical path for functional restoration under complex alveolar bone conditions.

[0031] The method described in this invention mainly uses artificial intelligence (AI) modeling and 3D printing technology to prepare personalized porous tantalum dental implants, porous tantalum metal, and a bioactive coating. It has both mechanical adaptability and superior biological activity. In addition, AI modeling can further reduce the inconsistency between the traditional standardized size implant and the extraction socket shape, thereby reducing the gap that often exists between the implant and bone tissue after implantation surgery and improving the stability in the early postoperative period.

[0032] Furthermore, in the AI ​​modeling platform of step S1, a convolutional neural network (CNN) is used to train and construct an oral reconstruction model; and in the AI ​​modeling platform of step S2, a generative adversarial network (GAN) is used to generate an oral reconstruction model of the patient.

[0033] Furthermore, CBCT can accurately capture the subtle morphological structures and tissue features within a patient's oral cavity, ensuring the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the acquired data.

[0034] Furthermore, the AI ​​modeling platform used in this invention employs advanced machine learning algorithms and deep learning models, which can quickly and accurately analyze large amounts of oral data, construct the oral reconstruction model described in this invention, and rapidly generate the corresponding oral reconstruction model based on newly acquired CBCT images of the patient's oral cavity.

[0035] Furthermore, the implant 3D model optimization stage in step S3 ensures that the implant meets the patient's personalized needs in terms of biomechanical performance, functional recovery, and aesthetic effects.

[0036] Furthermore, in step S4, during the 3D printing process, the filament diameter of the porous mesh structure used to support the implant is 300-400 μm.

[0037] Furthermore, the SLM printing parameters used in step S4 are as follows: laser power 200W-300W, scanning speed 700 mm / s-1000 mm / s, layer thickness 20μm-40μm; protective gas is argon with oxygen content ≤0.1%; after printing, the implant is heat-treated at a temperature of 800-1000℃ for 1-2 hours.

[0038] Furthermore, in step S4, during the 3D printing process, the matching error between the protrusion at the bottom of the abutment and the anti-micro-motion locking groove on the tooth base is ≤50μm.

[0039] Furthermore, the 3D printing technology in step S4 can accurately transform the digital model into a solid dental implant, ensuring the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the implant. The printing of porous tantalum material ensures good integration between the implant and bone tissue, improving the implant success rate and long-term stability.

[0040] The invention provides a method for manufacturing porous tantalum dental implants based on AI and 3D printing. Through close cooperation and synergy at each stage, it can tailor the most suitable implant restoration plan for patients. The manufactured implants are highly matched with the shape of the patient's alveolar socket, which helps to accelerate bone healing, improve initial stability, better simulate the mechanical properties of natural teeth, disperse occlusal forces, reduce stress concentration, and thus effectively extend the lifespan of dental implants. It has significant clinical application value and market prospects.

[0041] Example 1 The method for manufacturing porous tantalum dental implants based on AI and 3D printing provided by this invention is used to prepare and immediately implant a single maxillary anterior tooth implant. The specific process includes: (1) CBCT scan of the patient’s oral cavity was obtained using a scanning device: the height of the alveolar bone in the edentulous area was 8.2 mm, the width was 5.1 mm, and the bone density was grade II (Hounsfield units 350-500); intraoral scan was used to obtain the morphology of the opposing teeth and adjacent teeth, and the peak biting force was recorded as 220 N; (2) In the AI ​​modeling platform, based on the CBCT of the patient's oral cavity, the oral reconstruction model is used to generate a corresponding three-dimensional model of the extraction socket and alveolar bone in the area where the patient's tooth is to be extracted, and a matching three-dimensional model of the implant. The neural tube position (2.3 mm from the implantation area) was segmented using CNN, and the implant parameters were generated using GAN: the total length of the 3D implant model was 10 mm, and the self-tapping blade angle was 35°. The structure of the generated 3D implant model is adjusted using an AI modeling platform: The 3D implant model includes a crown, abutment, and implant matrix; the crown has an abutment inside, and the bottom part of the abutment has a protrusion on its side. The mounting slot sidewall of the top of the abutment has an anti-micro-movement locking groove that matches the protrusion. The abutment and the abutment are connected by extending the bottom part of the abutment into the mounting slot and embedding the protrusion into the corresponding anti-micro-movement locking groove; the bottom of the abutment is connected to the implant matrix; the implant matrix has a gradient porous structure, which is divided into a surface area, a transition area, and a core area with length proportions of 30%, 10%, and 60% respectively from top to bottom; By adjusting the shape and size of the implant's 3D model within an AI modeling platform, the 3D model was optimized. After optimization: the porosity of the implant surface area is 83% with a pore size of 550 μm; the porosity of the transition area is 72% with a pore size of 450 μm; and the porosity of the core area is 65% with a pore size of 350 μm. The equivalent elastic modulus of the implant structure is within the range of 8 GPa-15 GPa. The maximum stress borne by the bone tissue surrounding the implant is ≤45 MPa (≤60 MPa below the bone yield strength). The compressive strength of the implant is ≥150 MPa, and the fatigue life is >10 years under a load of 50 N-200 N. 7 The implant stability index ISQ value is ≥75, and the implantation torque is >30 N•cm; the interlocking gap between the protrusion at the bottom of the abutment and the anti-micromotion interlocking groove on the tooth abutment is ≤30 μm; (3) The optimized 3D model of the implant was imported into the 3D printing equipment. Selective laser melting (SLM) was used to print the abutment, tooth base and implant matrix of the implant layer by layer. Digital light processing (DLP) was used to print the crown of the implant. The SLM parameters used were laser power 250W, scanning speed 800mm / s, layer thickness 30μm, and argon protection (oxygen content 0.05%). After printing, the implant was heat-treated at 900℃ for 1.5 hours. Electrochemical deposition technology was used to prepare a 50nm thick hydroxyapatite coating on the outer surface of the implant matrix and the inner wall surface of the internal pores after printing.

[0042] Clinical results: The intraoperative implantation torque was 35 N•cm (ISO standard > 30 N•cm), and the initial stability ISQ value was 78. Six months postoperatively, CBCT showed a bone resorption of 0.3 mm, which was significantly reduced compared with the bone resorption of 0.7 mm in the control group of titanium implants.

[0043] like Figure 4 The image shown is a CBCT image of the implant after implantation in Example 1, comparing the osseointegration area: (a) CBCT images taken at the initial implantation stage (e.g., the day after surgery) to show the position of the porous tantalum dental implant prepared in this invention immediately after implantation, its relative position to the alveolar bone, and the initial bone-implant gap. (b) CBCT images of the implant at 6 months post-surgery, showing the osseointegration of the implant prepared according to the present invention after 6 months of healing; (c) CBCT images of the implant of the present invention in the early stage of implantation are compared with CBCT images of the control group (traditional titanium implants) as a baseline to illustrate the initial state of the traditional implant during implantation. (d) CBCT images of the control group implants at 6 months post-operation, showing the bone condition around the conventional implants at the same time; Combination Figure 4 In (a)-(d), compared with traditional titanium implants, the porous tantalum dental implants prepared in this invention can achieve osseointegration with alveolar bone more quickly and effectively, and can significantly inhibit bone resorption around the implant caused by stress shielding, thus ensuring the long-term stability of the implant.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing porous tantalum dental implants based on AI and 3D printing, characterized in that, Specifically, the following steps are included: S1. Establish a historical CBCT dataset: Collect multiple oral CBCT scans clinically, and delineate the three-dimensional contours of the crowns and roots of the teeth and the alveolar bone in each CBCT scan, and mark the positions and contours of key anatomical landmarks on the alveolar bone; use the historical CBCT dataset to train and construct an oral reconstruction model based on deep learning algorithms in an AI modeling platform. The oral reconstruction model is used to simulate the three-dimensional model of the extraction socket and alveolar bone in the area of ​​the tooth to be extracted, as well as the three-dimensional model of the matching implant. S2. A CBCT scan of the patient's oral cavity is acquired using a scanning device. In the AI ​​modeling platform, based on the CBCT scan, a corresponding 3D model of the extraction socket and alveolar bone in the area where the tooth to be extracted is generated using an oral reconstruction model, along with a matching 3D model of the implant. The structure of the generated 3D implant model is adjusted using the AI ​​modeling platform: the implant 3D model includes a crown, abutment, and implant matrix; the crown has an abutment inside, with a protruding part on the side of the abutment's bottom; the abutment's top mounting slot has an anti-micro-movement locking groove matching the protrusion on its side wall; the abutment and abutment are connected by extending the protruding part of the abutment into the mounting slot and embedding the protrusion into the corresponding anti-micro-movement locking groove; the bottom of the abutment is connected to the implant matrix; the implant matrix has a gradient porous structure, divided from top to bottom into a surface zone, a transition zone, and a core zone with length proportions of 30%, 10%, and 60% respectively, with the porosity and pore size gradually decreasing in the surface zone, transition zone, and core zone. S3. Optimize the 3D implant model by adjusting its shape and size within the AI ​​modeling platform. When the implant structure corresponding to the 3D implant model meets the following requirements, output the 3D implant model as the final 3D model of the porous tantalum dental implant: (1) The equivalent elastic modulus of the implant structure is in the range of 8GPa-15GPa; the maximum stress borne by the bone tissue around the implant is less than the bone yield strength by 60MPa; the compressive strength of the implant is ≥150MPa, and the fatigue life is >10 under a load of 50N-200N. 7 The next loop; (2) The gradient porous structure of the implant matrix of the implant meets the following requirements: the porosity of the surface area is 80%-85%, and the pore size is 500μm-600μm; the porosity of the transition area is 70%-75%, and the pore size is 400μm-500μm; the porosity of the core area is 60%-65%, and the pore size is 300μm-400μm; the stability index ISQ value of the implant is ≥75, and the implantation torque is >30N•cm; (3) The locking gap between the protrusion at the bottom of the abutment and the anti-fretting locking groove on the tooth base is ≤30μm; S4. Import the final three-dimensional model of the porous tantalum dental implant into the 3D printing equipment to obtain the implant. The printing material for the abutment, tooth base and implant matrix is ​​high-purity porous tantalum. S5. Using electrochemical deposition technology, a hydroxyapatite coating with a thickness of 50nm-200nm is prepared on the outer surface of the printed implant substrate and the inner wall surface of the internal pores.

2. The method for manufacturing a porous tantalum dental implant based on AI and 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, selective laser melting (SLM) technology is used to print the abutment, tooth base, and implant matrix of the implant layer by layer, and digital light processing (DLP) technology is used to print the crown of the implant.

3. The method for manufacturing a porous tantalum dental implant based on AI and 3D printing according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S4, the printing material for the abutment, tooth base, and implant matrix is ​​high-purity porous tantalum, while the printing material for the crown is biocompatible resin or ceramic.

4. The method for manufacturing a porous tantalum dental implant based on AI and 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the 3D printing process of step S4, the filament diameter of the porous mesh structure used to support the implant is 300-400μm.

5. The method for manufacturing a porous tantalum dental implant based on AI and 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The SLM printing parameters used in step S4 are: laser power 200W-300W, scanning speed 700mm / s-1000mm / s, layer thickness 20μm-40μm; protective gas is argon, oxygen content ≤0.1%; after printing, the implant is heat-treated at a temperature of 800-1000℃ for 1-2 hours.

6. The method for manufacturing a porous tantalum dental implant based on AI and 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, during the 3D printing process, the matching error between the protrusion at the bottom of the abutment and the anti-micro-motion locking groove on the tooth base is ≤50μm.

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