Knitted fabric and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of knitted fabrics, in particular to a knitted fabric and a preparation method and application thereof. The knitted fabric comprises an outer-layer cloth cover and an inner-layer cloth cover which are connected with each other through knitting coils, the inner-layer cloth cover is mainly formed by weaving first yarns; the first yarn comprises stock solution coloring black chinlon and first spandex; the outer-layer cloth cover is mainly formed by weaving second yarns; the second yarn is formed by blending dull chinlon and second spandex. According to the knitted fabric, the inner-layer stock solution coloring black chinlon efficiently absorbs and blocks visible light and ultraviolet rays by means of uniformly dispersed carbon black, provides lasting and powerful shading and sun-screening core functions, and absorbs infrared radiation heat at the same time; and the outer-layer delustering chinlon reflects part of infrared rays by virtue of a delustering agent, so that the heat shielding effect is improved in an auxiliary manner. The two layers are tightly connected through the knitting coils, so that the high functionality is ensured, and meanwhile, the overall elastic fitting feeling and ventilation comfort of the fabric are kept.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of knitted fabric technology, and more specifically, to a knitted fabric, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] People undergoing cosmetic procedures commonly experience skin sensitivity. Laser treatments, hyaluronic acid injections, and other cosmetic procedures can cause temporary micro-damage to the skin, leaving the skin barrier vulnerable. Their facial protective clothing requires fabrics with strong sun-blocking, UV protection, and heat-blocking properties, while also being soft, form-fitting, and breathable. Existing high-performance sun-blocking fabrics are mainly woven coated / laminated fabrics; however, these fabrics are stiff, have poor breathability, lack elasticity, and the coating is prone to peeling off, making them unsuitable for close-fitting protection needs such as face masks and masks. Existing knitted UV-protective fabrics, due to their loose structure and conventional manufacturing processes, can block some UV rays, but their sun-blocking performance is insufficient, and they lack targeted heat-blocking designs, making it difficult to simultaneously meet the sun-blocking, heat-blocking, and high-performance sun protection requirements of those undergoing cosmetic procedures.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a sun-protective knitted fabric that combines elasticity, comfort, breathability, light blocking, and heat protection, suitable for the production of post-medical aesthetic protective products, and to solve the defects of existing fabrics.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is hereby proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a knitted fabric, its preparation method, and its application. The knitted fabric is a double-sided knitted fabric with functions of shading, heat protection, and sun protection. By optimizing the combination of raw materials and specifications on both sides, it achieves strong shading, long-lasting sun protection, efficient heat protection, balanced elasticity, and comfortable wearing effects, meeting the needs of people after cosmetic surgery and suitable for the production of cosmetic protective products.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives of the present invention, the following technical solution is adopted: One aspect of the present invention relates to a knitted fabric, comprising: an outer fabric layer and an inner fabric layer interconnected by knitting loops; wherein the inner fabric layer is mainly woven from a first yarn; the first yarn comprises: solution-dyed black nylon and a first spandex; the outer fabric layer is mainly woven from a second yarn; the second yarn comprises: a blend of matte nylon and a second spandex.

[0007] The knitted fabric features a double-layer integrated knitting structure that achieves functional zoning and synergistic effects: the inner layer, solution-dyed black nylon, with its evenly dispersed carbon black, efficiently absorbs and blocks visible light and ultraviolet rays, providing long-lasting and powerful sun protection, while also absorbing infrared radiation heat; the outer layer, matte nylon, uses a matting agent to reflect some infrared rays, further enhancing the heat-blocking effect. The two layers are tightly connected by knitted loops, ensuring high functionality while maintaining the fabric's overall elasticity, fit, breathability, and comfort.

[0008] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for preparing the knitted fabric, comprising the following steps: double-sided knitting of a first yarn and a second yarn, pretreatment, dyeing, and finishing.

[0009] The method for preparing the knitted fabric, through zoned feeding and integrated knitting process, enables the functionally differentiated inner and outer yarns to form a stable bond in one molding process. In subsequent pretreatment, dyeing and setting processes, the fabric's color fixation, shape setting and functional integration are completed simultaneously, realizing an efficient and controllable production process and ensuring the uniformity of the final fabric's performance and structure.

[0010] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a protective garment, mainly made of the knitted fabric or a knitted fabric prepared by the method of preparing the knitted fabric.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The knitted fabric provided by this invention achieves a performance breakthrough in medical aesthetic protective fabrics through a double-layer integrated knitting structure with functional partitions. The inner layer uses solution-dyed black nylon, which efficiently absorbs and blocks visible light and ultraviolet light with the help of uniformly dispersed carbon black, while absorbing near-infrared radiation heat to avoid heat damage; the outer layer uses matte nylon, whose matting agent can reflect some infrared rays, working in conjunction with the inner layer to achieve a heat-shielding effect. By precisely controlling the loop density, weight, and loop height / loop spacing, the fabric maintains high breathability while ensuring high-density light blocking, and has excellent elasticity, fit, and dimensional stability, fundamentally solving the problems of stiffness and stuffiness in traditional woven coated fabrics and insufficient light and heat blocking in ordinary knitted fabrics.

[0012] (2) The method for preparing knitted fabric provided by the present invention effectively ensures the uniformity of fabric structure and dimensional stability by using yarn raw materials with uniform specifications and consistent blending ratio for double-sided knitting, avoiding the problem of local tightness or looseness when wearing; at the same time, the one-piece molding knitting process makes the double-layer fabric surface tightly bonded, improving the overall density and shape retention of the fabric; in addition, the uniformity of raw material specifications significantly reduces tension fluctuations during the weaving process, thereby improving weaving efficiency and reducing production losses. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 A physical image of the knitted fabric provided by this invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the outer and inner fabric layers provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the weaving process provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments described below are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and are only used to illustrate the present invention, and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Where specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer shall be followed. Where the manufacturers of reagents or instruments are not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0016] One aspect of the present invention relates to a knitted fabric, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes: an outer fabric layer and an inner fabric layer interconnected by knitted loops; The inner fabric is mainly woven from the first yarn; the first yarn includes: solution-dyed black nylon and first spandex; The outer fabric is mainly woven from a second yarn; the second yarn includes a blend of matte nylon and second spandex.

[0017] The knitted fabric described has a double-sided structure. The inner layer is made of solution-dyed black nylon, and the outer layer is made of matte nylon. The inner and outer layers are functionally zoned. The solution-dyed black nylon in the inner layer contains carbon black, which can absorb more than 95% of visible light and ultraviolet rays. Combined with high-density weaving, it solves the problem of insufficient light blocking in ordinary knitted fabrics, achieving a light blocking rate of over 98% and a UPF value of 1000+. At the same time, the carbon black absorbs visible light and near-mid-infrared wavelengths, blocking the radiative heat effect caused by these wavelengths. The matting agent in the outer matte nylon layer can reflect infrared rays. The inner and outer fabric layers work together to provide highly efficient heat blocking.

[0018] The knitted fabric is woven using a double-sided circular weft knitting machine, forming a layered, integrated structure. The inner layer is the side that contacts the skin and provides core functions of light blocking, heat blocking, and sun protection; the outer layer is the side that contacts the outside environment and provides auxiliary functions of heat blocking, sun protection, and aesthetics.

[0019] Weaving techniques such as Figure 3 As shown, the solution-dyed black nylon and the first spandex of the first yarn are fed into the upper needle cylinder, and the dull nylon and the second spandex of the second yarn are fed into the lower needle cylinder. The solution-dyed black nylon and the dull nylon are looped on the upper and lower needle beds respectively, and the first spandex and the second spandex are looped together on the upper and lower needle beds, so that the outer knitted fabric layer and the inner knitted fabric layer are connected to each other.

[0020] Furthermore, the blending ratio of the solution-dyed black nylon and the first spandex is 60~90:10~40, including but not limited to 60:40, 65:35, 70:30, 75:25, 80:20, 85:15 or 90:10.

[0021] Furthermore, the blending ratio of the matte nylon and the second spandex is 60~90:10~40, including but not limited to, 60:40, 65:35, 70:30, 75:25, 80:20, 85:15 or 90:10.

[0022] In some preferred embodiments, the first yarn and the second yarn are blended in the same proportion. More specifically, the number of ends of the solution-dyed black nylon is the same as the number of ends of the matte nylon, and the number of ends of the first spandex and the second spandex is the same.

[0023] Furthermore, the coil density of the outer fabric is 60-75 coils / inch in the radial direction (e.g., it can be any one of 60 coils / inch, 63 coils / inch, 65 coils / inch, 67 coils / inch, 69 coils / inch, 71 coils / inch, 73 coils / inch or 75 coils / inch or any range between two), and 100-125 coils / inch in the weft direction (e.g., it can be any one of 100 coils / inch, 105 coils / inch, 110 coils / inch, 115 coils / inch, 120 coils / inch or 125 coils / inch or any range between two).

[0024] Furthermore, the coil density of the inner fabric layer is 60-75 coils / inch in the radial direction (e.g., it can be any one of 60 coils / inch, 63 coils / inch, 65 coils / inch, 68 coils / inch, 70 coils / inch, 73 coils / inch or 75 coils / inch or any range between two), and 100-125 coils / inch in the weft direction (e.g., it can be any one of 100 coils / inch, 105 coils / inch, 110 coils / inch, 115 coils / inch, 120 coils / inch or 125 coils / inch or any range between two).

[0025] In some preferred embodiments, the coil density of the outer fabric layer is the same as that of the inner fabric layer.

[0026] Furthermore, the loop height of the knitted fabric is 0.35~0.45mm (for example, it can be any one of 0.35mm, 0.37mm, 0.39mm, 0.41mm, 0.43mm or 0.45mm or a range between any two), and the loop spacing is 0.2~0.25mm (for example, it can be any one of 0.2mm, 0.21mm, 0.22mm, 0.23mm, 0.24mm or 0.25mm or a range between any two). Reasonable design of the loop spacing and loop height improves the fabric's breathability, achieving a breathability ≥180mm / s, avoiding stuffiness and discomfort when wearing, and making it suitable for products such as face shields and masks.

[0027] By limiting the loop density, loop height, and loop spacing of the inner and outer fabric layers, a tight fabric structure and balanced breathability are ensured.

[0028] Furthermore, the weight per unit area of ​​the knitted fabric is 160~180g / m². 2 including but not limited to 160g / m 2 165g / m 2 170g / m 2 175g / m 2 Or 180g / m 2 The point value of any one of them or the range value between any two.

[0029] Furthermore, the diameter of the solution-dyed black nylon is 20~40D (for example, it can be any one of 20D, 25D, 30D, 35D or 40D or any range between two), and the F number is 24~48F (for example, it can be any one of 24F, 28F, 32F, 36F, 40F, 44F or 48F or any range between two).

[0030] Furthermore, the diameter of the matte nylon is 20~40D (for example, it can be any one of 20D, 25D, 30D, 35D or 40D or any range between two), and the F number is 24~48F (for example, it can be any one of 24F, 28F, 32F, 36F, 40F, 44F or 48F or any range between two).

[0031] Furthermore, the diameter of the first spandex is 20~30D, including but not limited to the point value of any one of 20D, 22D, 24D, 26D, 28D or 30D or the range between any two.

[0032] Furthermore, the diameter of the second spandex is 20~30D, including but not limited to the point value of any one of 20D, 22D, 24D, 26D, 28D or 30D or the range between any two.

[0033] In some preferred embodiments, the first yarn and the second yarn have the same specifications. More specifically, the yarn diameters of the solution-dyed black nylon, the matte nylon, the first spandex, and the second spandex are the same, and the F-numbers of the solution-dyed black nylon and the matte nylon are the same.

[0034] Furthermore, based on parts by weight, the solution-dyed black nylon is mainly composed of the following components: 1 to 5 parts of color masterbatch (for example, it can be any one of 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 parts or a range of any two parts) and 95 to 99 parts of nylon 6 chips (for example, it can be any one of 95, 96, 97, 98 or 99 parts or a range of any two parts).

[0035] Furthermore, based on parts by weight, the masterbatch is mainly composed of the following components: The composition includes 55-75 parts of nylon 6 chips (e.g., the point value or any range between any two of any one of 55, 58, 60, 63, 65, 68, 70, 73 or 75 parts), 15-35 parts of carbon black (e.g., the point value or any range between any two of any one of 15, 20, 25, 30 or 35 parts), 2-8 parts of dispersant (e.g., the point value or any range between any two of any one of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 parts), and 0.5-1.5 parts of antioxidant (e.g., the point value or any range between any two of any one of 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, 1.1, 1.3 or 1.5 parts).

[0036] Furthermore, the particle size of the carbon black is 10~50nm, including but not limited to the point value of any one of 10nm, 20nm, 30nm, 40nm or 50nm or the range between any two.

[0037] Furthermore, the matte nylon includes 2wt% to 2.5wt% (for example, it can be a point value or a range between any two of 2wt%, 2.1wt%, 2.2wt%, 2.3wt%, 2.4wt%, or 2.5wt%) of a matting agent. The matte nylon is nylon with added matting agent.

[0038] Furthermore, the matting agent includes at least one of titanium dioxide, barium sulfate, or zinc oxide. These matting agents can reflect some visible light, infrared radiation, and ultraviolet radiation, thus helping to improve the heat-shielding and UV-protective properties of the outer layer of the fabric.

[0039] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for preparing the aforementioned knitted fabric, comprising the following steps: The first and second yarns are double-sided woven, pre-treated, dyed, and then finished.

[0040] The method for preparing the knitted fabric involves weaving using a 34-inch double-sided circular knitting machine with a needle count of 36-40 stitches per inch. The yarn specifications and blending ratios used in both the inner and outer layers are uniform, preventing localized tightness or looseness during wear. The double-sided circular knitting process allows the two layers to be woven into a single, dense, and stable structure, resistant to deformation. Furthermore, the uniform material specifications reduce tension fluctuations during weaving, improving efficiency and minimizing production losses.

[0041] Furthermore, the method for preparing the solution-dyed black nylon includes: The nylon 6 chips, carbon black, dispersant, and antioxidant are melt-blended and granulated to obtain color masterbatch; the color masterbatch and nylon 6 chips are then blended and melt-spun.

[0042] In some specific embodiments, the above-mentioned step of melt blending to produce black masterbatch includes: Raw material drying: Nylon 6 chips are dried at 80-85℃ for 4-6 hours using a continuous fluidized bed dryer to ensure a moisture content of <0.05%; Premix: Dry mix carbon black, dried nylon 6 chips, dispersant and antioxidant in a high-speed mixer for 5-10 minutes to allow carbon black to initially adhere to the surface of the chips; Melt extrusion: Premixed nylon 6 chips, carbon black and additives are fed into a twin-screw extruder and gradually melted under a nitrogen protective atmosphere at 240~255℃; through a high-shear screw combination (such as multiple sets of kneading blocks and reverse screw elements), carbon black agglomerates are strongly dispersed and evenly distributed in the nylon 6 melt, while the vacuum exhaust port effectively removes moisture and volatiles, forming a high-concentration black melt with uniform color; Granulation: After the uniformly molten black polyamide is extruded from the extruder die, it immediately enters the underwater pelletizing system, where it is precisely cut into cylinders with a diameter of 2-3 mm and a length of 3-5 mm by a high-speed rotating cutter in constant temperature circulating water. Drying: A centrifugal dryer is used to remove moisture from the cylindrical wet particles by centrifugal force, and hot air at 40~60℃ is used to assist in removing surface moisture. Cooling: A vibrating fluidized bed cooler is used to introduce clean air at room temperature or slightly below room temperature, so that the masterbatch can dissipate heat evenly in a fluidized state.

[0043] In some specific embodiments, the melt spinning step described above includes: Raw material drying: Using a continuous vacuum dryer, nylon 6 chips and black masterbatch are dried at 80~85℃ for 6~10 hours to ensure a moisture content of <0.05%; Blending: Dry nylon 6 chips and black masterbatch are fed into the feed port of a single screw extruder in proportion (95%~99% nylon 6 chips, 1%~5% black masterbatch) using a loss-of-weight two-component feeding system and mixed evenly. Melting: The raw material enters the single screw extruder and is heated to 250~270℃ in sections under nitrogen protection. After thorough shearing and mixing, the carbon black is highly dispersed in the nylon 6 melt, forming a uniform black melt. Filtration: The melt passes through a fine filter (such as sea sand or sintered metal) in the spinning assembly to remove undispersed pigment aggregates and impurities, maintain stable spinning pressure, and prevent spinneret clogging. Metering: The melt is metered (9.3~18.5mL / min) by a high-precision gear metering pump and delivered to the spinning box; Spinning: The filaments are extruded from a spinneret (24~48 holes, 0.2mm diameter, 0.6mm depth) into fine streams, which are immediately cooled and solidified by a side-blowing system (air temperature 20~22℃, air velocity 0.4~0.6m / s); Oiling: Apply a special spinning oil for nylon (Japanese Takemoto or German Schill+Seilacher products) to the nascent yarn through an oil nozzle or oiling wheel. The oiling rate is controlled at 0.8~1.2% to improve bundling, antistatic properties and post-processing adaptability. Stretching and heat setting: The filament is sequentially stretched and heat-set online through three or more sets of hot rollers to obtain fully drawn yarn (FDY): The first set of hot rollers (GR1): 80~90℃, speed about 1800~2200m / min, serves as a guide and pre-stretcher; The second set of hot rollers (GR2): 130~150℃, speed approximately 3200~3600m / min; The third set of hot rollers (GR3): 170~185℃, speed approximately 4200~4800m / min; Winding and forming: The black fully drawn yarn is evenly wound onto the paper tube via a traverse guide at a winding speed of 4200~4800m / min, with the package density controlled at 0.55~0.65g / cm³. 3 This ensures good unwinding performance.

[0044] The above-mentioned preparation process of solution-dyed black nylon ensures that carbon black is evenly dispersed inside the nylon fiber, which not only guarantees the fabric's light-blocking properties, UV protection, and color fastness, but also absorbs visible light (400-760nm) and near-mid-infrared wavelengths (760-3000nm), blocking the radiative heat effect caused by these wavelengths and achieving a heat-blocking effect.

[0045] Furthermore, the dispersant comprises any one or a combination of at least two of polyamide wax, ethylene bis-stearamide, aminopropyltriethoxysilane, or glycidyltriethoxysilane.

[0046] Furthermore, the antioxidant includes hindered phenols and / or phosphites.

[0047] Furthermore, the particle size of the color masterbatch is 2~3mm.

[0048] Furthermore, the speed of the double-sided knitting is 25~32 r / min, including but not limited to any one of 25 r / min, 28 r / min, 29 r / min, 30 r / min, 31 r / min or 32 r / min or any range between two of them.

[0049] Furthermore, the first and second spandex fibers undergo a stretching treatment before feeding, with a stretching ratio of 2.5 to 3.5 times, including but not limited to point values ​​of any one of 2.5 times, 2.7 times, 2.9 times, 3.1 times, 3.3 times, or 3.5 times, or a range between any two. The stretching treatment ensures that the spandex fibers have stable elasticity and uniform linear density.

[0050] Furthermore, the preprocessing includes: The double-woven fabric is soaked and washed using an overflow coloring machine. The treatment solution for the soaking process includes a refining agent, a chelating agent, and an anti-fouling agent, with water as the solvent.

[0051] Furthermore, the amount of the refining agent is 1.0~2.0 g / L, including but not limited to any one of 1.0 g / L, 1.3 g / L, 1.5 g / L, 1.8 g / L or 2.0 g / L, or any range between two of them.

[0052] Furthermore, the amount of the chelating agent is 0.5~1.0 g / L, including but not limited to any one of 0.5 g / L, 0.6 g / L, 0.8 g / L, 0.9 g / L or 1.0 g / L, or any range between two of them.

[0053] Furthermore, the amount of the anti-fouling agent is 0.5~1.0 g / L, including but not limited to any one of 0.5 g / L, 0.6 g / L, 0.8 g / L, 0.9 g / L or 1.0 g / L, or any range between two of them.

[0054] Refining agents, chelating agents, and anti-fouling agents can be of conventional types in this field.

[0055] Furthermore, the immersion treatment temperature is 80~90℃ (for example, it can be any one of 80℃, 83℃, 85℃, 88℃ or 90℃ or any range between two), and the time is 20~30min (for example, it can be any one of 20min, 22min, 24min, 28min or 30min or any range between two).

[0056] Further, the staining includes: The pretreated fabric is placed in a dye bath for preheating and constant-temperature dyeing; the constant-temperature dyed fabric is then soaped and fixed.

[0057] Furthermore, the dyeing solution comprises: dye, leveling agent, pH adjuster, antistaining agent and chelating agent, and the solvent is water.

[0058] Furthermore, the amount of dye used is 0.5% to 5% of the weight of the double-sided woven fabric, including but not limited to a point value of any one of 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% or 5% or a range between any two.

[0059] Furthermore, the amount of the leveling agent is 0.5~1.0 g / L, including but not limited to any one of 0.5 g / L, 0.6 g / L, 0.8 g / L, 0.9 g / L or 1.0 g / L, or a range between any two. Conventional leveling agents in the art can be used.

[0060] Furthermore, the amount of the pH adjuster is 0.5~2.0 g / L, including but not limited to any one of 0.5 g / L, 0.8 g / L, 1.0 g / L, 1.3 g / L, 1.5 g / L, 1.8 g / L or 2.0 g / L, or any range between two of them.

[0061] Furthermore, the pH of the dye solution is adjusted to 4-5 by a pH adjuster, including but not limited to a point value of any one of 4, 4.3, 4.5 or 5, or a range between any two.

[0062] Furthermore, the amount of the anti-fouling agent is 0.5~1.0 g / L, including but not limited to any one of 0.5 g / L, 0.6 g / L, 0.8 g / L, 0.9 g / L or 1.0 g / L, or any range between two of them.

[0063] Furthermore, the amount of the chelating agent is 0.3~0.5 g / L, including but not limited to a point value of any one of 0.3 g / L, 0.4 g / L or 0.5 g / L or a range between any two.

[0064] Furthermore, the dye includes acid dyes. The acid dyes may be selected from those with high lightfastness and low migration, including but not limited to the Lanasan and Irgalan series.

[0065] Furthermore, the preheating temperature is 40~45℃ (for example, it can be any one of 40℃, 41℃, 42℃, 43℃, 44℃ or 45℃ or a range between any two), and the time is 10~15min (for example, it can be any one of 10min, 13min or 15min or a range between any two).

[0066] Furthermore, the isothermal staining temperature is 95~100℃ (for example, it can be any one of 95℃, 98℃ or 100℃ or any range between two), and the time is 30~40min (for example, it can be any one of 30min, 32min, 34min, 36min, 38min or 40min or any range between two).

[0067] Furthermore, the color-fixing treatment is performed using a cationic color-fixing agent, and the amount of the cationic color-fixing agent is 2% to 4% of the weight of the double-sided woven fabric, including but not limited to a value of any one of 2%, 3%, or 4%, or a range between any two. Conventional cationic color-fixing agents in the art can be used.

[0068] Furthermore, the post-tuning includes: The dyed fabric is stretched, cooled, and then rolled up.

[0069] Furthermore, the tenter frame is a pin plate type tenter frame with a temperature of 160~170℃ (for example, it can be any one of 160℃, 162℃, 164℃, 166℃, 168℃ or 170℃ or any range between two), and a speed of 25~35m / min (for example, it can be any one of 25m / min, 27m / min, 29m / min, 31m / min, 33m / min or 35m / min or any range between two).

[0070] Furthermore, a functional finishing agent can be added to the padding device in the pin-plate tenter frame. The amount of the functional finishing agent is 10~50g / L (for example, it can be any one of 10g / L, 20g / L, 30g / L, 40g / L or 50g / L or any range between two), and the solvent is water.

[0071] Furthermore, functional finishing agents include any one or a combination of at least two of the following: moisture-wicking finishing agents, antistatic agents, softeners, and anti-yellowing agents.

[0072] Moisture-wicking finishing agents, antistatic agents, softeners, and anti-yellowing agents can be produced using conventional formulations in this field.

[0073] Furthermore, the winding tension is 0.2~0.4MPa (for example, it can be a point value of any one of 0.2MPa, 0.3MPa or 0.4MPa or a range of any two).

[0074] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a protective garment, mainly made of the knitted fabric or a knitted fabric prepared by the method of preparing the knitted fabric.

[0075] The definitions of abbreviations and key terms involved in this invention are as follows: 1. Light blocking performance: The ability of textiles to block light from passing through, expressed as light blocking rate.

[0076] 2. Heat-shielding performance: The ability of textiles to suppress temperature rise by blocking light radiation, expressed as heat-shielding rate.

[0077] 3. Sun protection performance: The ability of textiles to prevent skin from being exposed to ultraviolet radiation from sunlight, expressed as ultraviolet blocking rate and ultraviolet protection factor (UPF).

[0078] 4. Breathability: The ability of a textile to allow air to pass through it, reflecting the rate at which air passes through under the pressure difference between the two sides of the fabric, and is expressed as air permeability.

[0079] 5. Loop spacing and loop height: Loop spacing refers to the distance between corresponding points of two adjacent loops in the horizontal direction of the loops; loop height is the distance between corresponding points of two adjacent loops in the vertical direction of the loops. They directly affect the thickness, longitudinal and transverse elongation, and appearance texture of the fabric.

[0080] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise specified in the examples, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer are followed. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available conventional products.

[0081] Example 1 The method for preparing knitted fabric provided in this embodiment includes the following steps: 1. Nylon 6 chips, carbon black (particle size 30nm), polyamide wax dispersant and hindered phenolic antioxidant in a mass ratio of 65:29:5:1 are mixed and melt-blended and pelletized in a twin-screw extruder to produce black masterbatch with a particle size of 2.5nm. Then, the black masterbatch in a mass ratio of 3:97 is mixed with blank nylon 6 chips and fed into a spinning machine for melt spinning. After cooling, stretching and winding, solution-dyed black nylon is obtained. 2. Prepare 20D / 24F solution-dyed black nylon, 20D spandex, 20D / 24F matte nylon and 20D spandex according to the proportions; the amount of titanium dioxide added as a matting agent for matte nylon is 2.3%; pre-stretch the two types of spandex yarns to a stretch ratio of 3 times; 3. A 34-inch double-sided circular knitting machine is used. The equipment is adjusted to ensure precise alignment between the needle plate and the needle cylinder. The weaving speed is set to 30 r / min, the weaving density is set to 40 stitches / inch, the loop height is 0.40 mm, the loop spacing is 0.23 mm, and the loop density on both sides is 73 threads / inch in the radial direction and 120 threads / inch in the weft direction. The solution-dyed black nylon and spandex are blended at a ratio of 63:37 and evenly fed into the lower needle cylinder through the yarn feeder to weave the inner layer of fabric. The matte nylon and spandex are blended at a ratio of 63:37 and fed into the upper needle plate to weave the outer layer of fabric. The two layers of fabric are integrated by the coordinated weaving of the upper and lower needles through the interlacing of the knitting loops. The flatness of the fabric is monitored in real time during the weaving process, and the yarn feeding tension is adjusted in a timely manner. 4. Place the woven fabric into the treatment tank, add refining agent (1.5g / L), chelating agent (0.8g / L), and anti-staining agent (0.8g / L), and treat at 85℃ for 25 minutes, keeping the mixture stirred evenly during the treatment. After treatment, rinse twice with clean water to remove oil residue and impurities from the surface of the fabric, solve the problems of oil needles and water ripples, and improve fiber wettability. 5. Select acidic dyes and determine the dye dosage at 4% of the fabric weight. Add 0.8 g / L of leveling agent, 0.8 g / L of anti-staining agent, and 0.4 g / L of chelating agent to adjust the pH of the dye bath to 4.5. Arrange the woven fabric in the dyeing vat, preheat at 45℃ for 13 min, then raise the temperature to 98℃ at a rate of 2℃ / min, and dye at a constant temperature for 50 min. Keep the dye bath circulating evenly during the dyeing process. 6. After dyeing, add a cationic fixing agent for color fixation treatment. The amount of anionic fixing agent is 1.3% of the fabric weight to improve the color fastness to water stains and perspiration stains. Rinse with clean water until the water is clear. 7. Send the dyed fabric into the setting machine, set the setting temperature to 160℃, add an anti-yellowing agent to the setting solution at a dosage of 30g / L to prevent yellowing of the fabric surface and insufficient dyeing depth, set the setting speed to 25m / min, stretch the fabric according to the required width to ensure stable fabric width and no shrinkage or deformation; after setting, the fabric is cooled to room temperature by cooling rollers, and then wound up at a uniform speed by a winding device, with the winding tension controlled at 0.3MPa to avoid stretching and deformation of the fabric.

[0082] Example 2 The method for preparing knitted fabric provided in this embodiment includes the following steps: 1. Same as Example 1; 2. Prepare 30D / 48F solution-dyed black nylon, 30D spandex, 30D / 48F matte nylon and 30D spandex according to the proportions; the amount of zinc oxide added as a matting agent for matte nylon is 2%; pre-stretch the two types of spandex yarns to a stretch ratio of 2.5 times; 3. A 34-inch double-sided circular knitting machine is used. The equipment is adjusted to ensure precise alignment between the needle plate and the needle cylinder. The weaving speed is set to 32 r / min, the weaving density to 40 stitches / inch, the loop height to 0.35 mm, and the loop spacing to 0.25 mm. The loop density on both sides is 65 threads / inch in the radial direction and 100 threads / inch in the weft direction. Solution-dyed black nylon and spandex are blended at a ratio of 90:10 and evenly fed into the lower needle cylinder through a yarn feeder to weave the inner layer of fabric. Dull nylon and spandex are blended at a ratio of 90:10 and fed into the upper needle plate to weave the outer layer of fabric. The two layers of fabric are integrated by the coordinated weaving of the upper and lower needles through the interweaving of the knitting loops. The flatness of the fabric is monitored in real time during the weaving process, and the yarn feeding tension is adjusted in a timely manner. 4. Place the woven fabric into the treatment tank, add refining agent (1.0 g / L), chelating agent (0.5 g / L) and anti-staining agent (0.5 g / L), and treat at 80℃ for 30 minutes, keeping the mixture stirred evenly during the treatment; after treatment, rinse twice with clean water. 5. Select acidic dyes and determine the amount of dye to be used at 0.5% of the fabric weight. Add 0.5 g / L of leveling agent, 0.5 g / L of anti-staining agent and 0.3 g / L of chelating agent, and adjust the pH of the dye bath to 4. Arrange the woven fabric in the dyeing vat, preheat it at 40℃ for 10 min, and then raise the temperature to 95℃ at a rate of 2℃ / min. Dye at a constant temperature for 40 min. Keep the dye bath circulating evenly during the dyeing process. 6. After dyeing, add cationic fixing agent for color fixation treatment. The amount of anionic fixing agent is 1% of the fabric weight to improve the color fastness to water stains and perspiration stains. Rinse with clean water until the water is clear. 7. Send the dyed fabric into the setting machine, set the setting temperature to 165℃, add an anti-yellowing agent to the setting solution at a dosage of 10g / L, set the setting speed to 35m / min, stretch the fabric according to the required width to ensure stable width and no shrinkage or deformation; after setting, cool the fabric to room temperature by cooling rollers, and then wind it up at a uniform speed by a winding device, with the winding tension controlled at 0.2MPa to avoid stretching and deformation of the fabric.

[0083] Example 3 The method for preparing knitted fabric provided in this embodiment includes the following steps: 1. Same as Example 1; 2. Prepare 25D / 30F solution-dyed black nylon, 25D spandex, 25D / 30F matte nylon and 25D spandex according to the proportions; the amount of barium sulfate added as the matting agent for matte nylon is 2.5%; pre-stretch the two types of spandex yarns to a stretch ratio of 3.5 times; 3. A 34-inch double-sided circular knitting machine is used. The equipment is adjusted to ensure precise alignment between the needle plate and the needle cylinder. The weaving speed is set to 28 r / min, the weaving density to 40 stitches / inch, the loop height to 0.45 mm, the loop spacing to 0.2 mm, and the loop density on both sides to be 75 threads / inch in the radial direction and 125 threads / inch in the weft direction. Solution-dyed black nylon and spandex are blended at a ratio of 70:30 and evenly fed into the lower needle cylinder through a yarn feeder to weave the inner layer of fabric. Matte nylon and spandex are blended at a ratio of 70:30 and fed into the upper needle plate to weave the outer layer of fabric. Through the coordinated weaving of the upper and lower needles, the two layers of fabric are interwoven through knitting loops to achieve a one-piece molding. The flatness of the fabric surface is monitored in real time during the weaving process, and the yarn feeding tension is adjusted in a timely manner. 4. Place the woven fabric into the treatment tank, add refining agent (2.0 g / L), chelating agent (1.0 g / L) and anti-staining agent (1.0 g / L), and treat at 90℃ for 20 minutes, keeping the mixture stirred evenly during the treatment; after treatment, rinse twice with clean water. 5. Select acidic dyes and determine the amount of dye to be used at 5% of the fabric weight. Add 1.0 g / L leveling agent, 1.0 g / L anti-staining agent, and 0.5 g / L chelating agent to adjust the pH of the dye bath to 5. Arrange the woven fabric in the dyeing vat, preheat it at 43℃ for 15 min, and then raise the temperature to 100℃ at a rate of 2℃ / min. Dye at a constant temperature for 60 min. Keep the dye bath circulating evenly during the dyeing process. 6. After dyeing, add a cationic fixing agent for color fixation treatment. The amount of anionic fixing agent is 1.5% of the fabric weight to improve the color fastness to water stains and perspiration stains. Rinse with clean water until the water is clear. 7. Send the dyed fabric into the setting machine, set the setting temperature to 170℃, add an anti-yellowing agent to the setting solution at a dosage of 50g / L, set the setting speed to 30m / min, stretch the fabric according to the required width to ensure stable fabric width and no shrinkage or deformation; after setting, cool the fabric to room temperature by cooling rollers, and then wind it up at a uniform speed by a winding device, with the winding tension controlled at 0.4MPa to avoid stretching and deformation of the fabric.

[0084] Example 4 The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is the coil density of the outer and inner fabric layers. The outer fabric layer has 71 threads / inch in the radial direction and 119 threads / inch in the weft direction; the inner fabric layer has 74 threads / inch in the radial direction and 121 threads / inch in the weft direction.

[0085] Example 5 The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is the specification of the yarn raw materials for the outer and inner fabric layers. The diameter of the solution-dyed black nylon is 20D and the F number is 24F; the diameter of the matte nylon is 30D and the F number is 32F.

[0086] Example 6 The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is the specification of the yarn raw materials for the outer and inner fabric layers. The diameter of the first spandex is 20D, and the diameter of the second spandex is 30D.

[0087] Comparative Example 1 The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is the loop height and loop spacing of the knitted fabric. The loop height is 0.50 mm and the loop spacing is 0.3 mm.

[0088] Comparative Example 2 The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the original solution-dyed black nylon is replaced with ordinary nylon.

[0089] Comparative Example 3 The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the content of the matting agent in the matting nylon is 5 wt%.

[0090] Experimental Example The performance of the prepared knitted fabric was tested, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0091] Table 1

[0092] As shown in Table 1, Example 1 has a high UPF (1838), good light blocking rate (99.8%), excellent elasticity (warp 111% / weft 156%) (warp 94% / weft 93%) and recovery rate, and has a stable structure, high fabric quality, and fits well when worn close to the skin.

[0093] Example 2, due to its reduced density and lighter dyeing, exhibits decreased UV protection and sun-blocking / heat-blocking properties, but boasts the best breathability and slightly weaker elasticity, making it suitable for loose-fitting outdoor sun-protective clothing.

[0094] Example 3 has high density and dark color, and has excellent performance in UV protection and light and heat blocking. However, its dense structure results in low breathability, making it suitable for high-intensity sun protection scenarios.

[0095] In Example 5, the inner and outer coil densities are slightly different, and the weight and feel are adjusted accordingly. The performance is not much different from Example 1, but it requires extremely high weaving technology. It requires the use of a modern circular knitting machine equipped with an independent yarn feeder to precisely adjust the sinker height, bending depth, yarn feed wheel speed, spandex draft ratio and setting parameters. If other parameters remain unchanged as in Example 1, the different shrinkage rates on the front and back will cause phenomena such as curling and wrinkling.

[0096] In Example 6, the thickness of the inner and outer yarns is slightly different, and the weight and hand feel are adjusted accordingly. The performance is not much different from that of Example 1, but the requirements for weaving technology are also extremely high. A modern circular knitting machine equipped with an independent yarn feeder is required to accurately match the sinker height, bending depth, yarn feed wheel speed, spandex draft ratio and setting parameters of yarns with different deniers. If other parameters remain unchanged as in Example 1, it will cause uneven tension on the front and back sides, resulting in curling, wrinkling and other phenomena, and the spandex is prone to breakage.

[0097] Although the functional differences in Example 7 are not significant, the inconsistent thickness of the spandex on both sides constitutes a high-risk process. This can easily lead to asymmetry in the coil structure on both sides. The outer coil is slightly raised due to the 30D spandex, affecting the smoothness of the hand feel. In addition, the uneven distribution of weaving tension results in severe fabric curling. Furthermore, the mismatch in the recovery capabilities of the inner and outer layers after stretching leads to the accumulation of internal stress, resulting in "bubbling" or "orange peel" phenomena after repeated stretching.

[0098] Compared to the control example 1, the increased spacing and height of the rings resulted in a looser fabric structure and significantly improved air permeability. However, the UV protection and light and heat shading performance decreased considerably, making it difficult to achieve a shading effect.

[0099] Comparative Example 2 did not use solution-dyed black nylon, which is equivalent to using ordinary matte nylon on both sides. It is a common double-sided fabric product on the market, which can provide some UV protection, but its light-blocking performance is extremely low and cannot meet the light-blocking requirements.

[0100] The amount of matting agent added to the matting nylon in Comparative Example 3 was 5 wt%, which is considered a high content. Although a high content of matting agent can reflect more sunlight and improve the protective effect, TiO2 is a rigid inorganic particle. A high content will lead to a decrease in yarn strength, an increase in brittleness, and a decrease in spinnability. On the one hand, this results in slightly poorer fabric elasticity, and on the other hand, a high content of TiO2 is prone to agglomeration, which will cause color spots and discoloration when the fabric is dyed.

[0101] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described with specific embodiments, it should be understood that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A knitted fabric, characterized in that, include: The outer and inner fabric layers are interconnected by knitted loops; The inner fabric is mainly woven from the first yarn; the first yarn includes: solution-dyed black nylon and first spandex; The outer fabric is mainly woven from a second yarn; the second yarn includes a blend of matte nylon and second spandex.

2. The knitted fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes at least one of the following technical features: (1) The blending ratio of the solution-dyed black nylon and the first spandex is 60~90:10~40; (2) The blending ratio of the matte nylon and the second spandex is 60~90:10~40; (3) The coil density of the outer fabric is 60-75 coils / inch in the radial direction and 100-125 coils / inch in the weft direction; (4) The coil density of the inner layer fabric is 60~75 coils / inch in the radial direction and 100~125 coils / inch in the weft direction.

3. The knitted fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes at least one of the following technical features: (1) The diameter of the solution-dyed black nylon is 20~40D and the F number is 24~48F; (2) The diameter of the matte nylon is 20~40D and the F number is 24~48F; (3) The diameter of the first spandex is 20~30D; (4) The diameter of the second spandex is 20~30D.

4. The knitted fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loop height of the knitted fabric is 0.35~0.45mm, and the loop spacing is 0.2~0.25mm.

5. The knitted fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on parts by weight, the solution-dyed black nylon is mainly composed of the following components: 1-5 parts of color masterbatch and 95-99 parts of nylon 6 chips; Preferably, the color masterbatch is mainly composed of the following components in parts by weight: The ingredients are 55-75 parts nylon 6 chips, 15-35 parts carbon black, 2-8 parts dispersant, and 0.5-1.5 parts antioxidant.

6. The knitted fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The matte nylon contains 2wt% to 2.5wt% of a matting agent.

7. A method for preparing a knitted fabric as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The first and second yarns are double-sided woven, pre-treated, dyed, and then finished.

8. The method for preparing knitted fabric according to claim 7, characterized in that, The preparation method of the solution-dyed black nylon includes: The nylon 6 chips, carbon black, dispersant, and antioxidant are melt-blended and granulated to obtain color masterbatch; the color masterbatch and nylon 6 chips are then blended and melt-spun.

9. The method for preparing knitted fabric according to claim 7, characterized in that, The speed of the double-sided circular knitting machine is 25~32 r / min.

10. A protective garment, characterized in that, It is mainly made of knitted fabric prepared by the method of preparing knitted fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or claims 7 to 9.

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