Laser anti-unmanned aerial vehicle device, method and system

Abstract

The invention provides a laser unmanned aerial vehicle countering device, method and system, and belongs to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicle countering. The device comprises a transmitting cabin, a bottom cabin and a Kuder light path, the transmitting cabin is provided with a primary and secondary mirror off-axis beam expanding assembly, a fast reflecting mirror and a coarse infrared lens, and the bottom cabin is provided with a laser input interface, a fine television assembly and a laser communication assembly. Through coarse tracking of a coarse infrared lens, fine tracking of a fine television assembly and correction of laser orientation by a fast reflecting mirror, direct networking and data interaction between devices are realized in combination with a laser communication assembly, and a communication beam, a detection beam and a laser beam are combined and then guided to an emission cabin through a Kuder optical path for common-aperture emission. According to the invention, the dependence on an external wireless network and a central command system is eliminated, and the survivability and cooperative combat capability of the device in a complex electromagnetic environment are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of drone countermeasure technology, and particularly relates to a laser-based anti-drone device, method and system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid popularization and diversified application of drone technology, the potential threat posed by low-altitude, slow-speed, and small drones in both civilian and military fields is becoming increasingly prominent. These targets are characterized by low detectability, high maneuverability, and swarming capabilities, posing a severe challenge to traditional air defense methods. High-power laser anti-drone devices, with their advantages of precision strikes, low cost of sustained operations, and no collateral damage, have become one of the effective technological approaches to counter the drone threat, and are of great significance for improving low-altitude security capabilities in key areas and maintaining airspace order.

[0003] In the prior art, for example, patent application number 2022105396226 discloses a multi-system combined UAV countermeasure system and method. The countermeasure system mainly includes an optoelectronic tracking subsystem and an electromagnetic interference subsystem. The optoelectronic tracking subsystem acquires the position information of the target UAV through optical sensors and continuously tracks the target using laser trajectories; the electromagnetic interference subsystem is used to detect the electromagnetic signals emitted by the target UAV and the electromagnetic interference information of the surrounding environment, and formulates and implements targeted electromagnetic interference strategies based on this information.

[0004] However, the collaborative operation and data exchange between the subsystems in the above scheme must rely on an external wireless network or a fixed central command system. In practical applications, the central command system is vulnerable to physical damage or cyberattacks, while external wireless communication links are easily disrupted in environments with strong electromagnetic interference. Once the central system fails or the communication link is blocked, the entire defense network will be paralyzed, and the subsystems will be unable to dynamically allocate and relay tasks, resulting in a severe deficiency in the overall system's resilience. This centralized communication architecture is particularly vulnerable in complex electromagnetic environments and dynamic battlefield conditions, making it difficult to meet the urgent needs of modern low-altitude security for system robustness and continuous combat capability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a laser-based anti-drone device, method, and system that can improve the overall system's survivability and reliability in complex electromagnetic environments, and avoid system-wide paralysis caused by the failure of the central command system.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a laser anti-drone device, comprising: The launch module includes off-axis beam expanders for primary and secondary mirrors, a fast-reflecting mirror, and a coarse infrared lens; The lower compartment includes a laser input interface, a precision television assembly, and a laser communication assembly; The Kud optical path includes multiple reflectors for deflecting the optical path to connect the launch chamber and the base chamber via the optical path; The coarse infrared lens is used to coarsely track the UAV in the target airspace and output the spatial orientation angle information of the UAV relative to the coarse infrared lens. The precision TV component is used to image the UAV entering the field of view of the precision TV component according to the spatial orientation angle information and generate precision tracking commands based on the imaging results. The fast-reflecting mirror is used to adjust its angle according to the fine tracking command in order to correct the direction of the laser beam imported from the laser input interface; The primary and secondary mirror off-axis beam expander assembly is used to collimate and expand the laser beam after pointing correction before emission. The laser communication component is used to establish a laser communication network and exchange data with other external laser communication components. The communication beam of the laser communication component, the detection beam of the precision television component, and the laser beam before correction are combined in the lower cabin and then guided to the launch cabin through the Couder optical path for emission through the common aperture of the launch cabin.

[0007] Optionally, the coarse infrared lens is an optical lens that includes a cooled mid-to-long-wave infrared detector; The fast-reflecting mirror is positioned in the optical path before the beam incident end of the off-axis beam expander assembly of the primary and secondary mirrors; The primary and secondary mirror off-axis beam expander assembly includes a primary mirror and a secondary mirror placed off-axis; the secondary mirror is used to receive and converge the laser beam from the fast-reflecting mirror; the primary mirror is used to collimate and expand the laser beam converged by the secondary mirror and emit it.

[0008] Optionally, the laser communication component includes a light emission channel, a communication fine tracking channel, a light receiving channel, and a beam splitter assembly; The beam splitter assembly includes a first beam splitter and a second beam splitter; the first beam splitter is located on the outgoing optical path of the light receiving channel and the communication fine tracking channel, and is used to transmit the received optical signal of the light receiving channel to the second beam splitter and reflect the received optical signal of the communication fine tracking channel to the second beam splitter; The second beam splitter is disposed on the outgoing optical path of the light emitting channel and the light receiving channel, and is used to reflect the communication transmission signal from the light emitting channel to the Couder optical path and to transmit the received optical signal from the light receiving channel and the communication fine tracking channel to the Couder optical path.

[0009] Optionally, the laser communication component further includes: A narrowband filter is disposed in the optical path between the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter to block the communication transmission band and transmit the communication reception band.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a laser anti-drone method based on the laser anti-drone device described in the first aspect, comprising: Coarse tracking is performed on the drone within the target airspace to obtain the spatial orientation angle information of the drone relative to the coarse infrared lens. Based on spatial orientation angle information, the drone entering the field of view of the precision TV component is imaged and precision tracking commands are generated based on the imaging results. The fast-reflecting mirror is controlled to adjust its angle according to the fine tracking command in order to correct the direction of the first laser beam introduced from the laser input interface and obtain the second laser beam. The second laser beam is collimated and expanded using the primary and secondary mirror off-axis beam expander assembly before being emitted to the UAV. The laser-based anti-drone method further includes: The target laser communication component is used to form a laser communication network and exchange data with other external laser communication components. Inside the lower compartment, the communication beam of the laser communication component, the detection beam of the precision television component, and the first laser beam are combined. The combined beam is guided to the launch chamber using the Kud optical path, so that the combined beam can be emitted through the common aperture of the launch chamber.

[0011] Thirdly, the present invention provides a laser anti-drone system based on the laser anti-drone device described in the first aspect, comprising: The coarse tracking module is used to perform coarse tracking of the UAV in the target airspace in order to obtain the spatial orientation angle information of the UAV relative to the coarse infrared lens. The imaging module is used to image the UAV entering the field of view of the precision TV component based on the spatial orientation angle information and generate precision tracking commands based on the imaging results. The correction module is used to control the fast-reflecting mirror to adjust the angle according to the fine tracking command, so as to correct the direction of the first laser beam imported from the laser input interface and obtain the second laser beam. The collimation and beam expansion module is used to collimate and expand the second laser beam using the primary and secondary mirror off-axis beam expansion components before transmitting it to the UAV. The laser anti-drone system also includes: The communication networking module is used to enable laser communication networking and data interaction between the target laser communication component and other external laser communication components. The beam combining module is used to combine the communication beam of the laser communication component, the detection beam of the precision television component, and the first laser beam within the lower compartment. The beam guiding module is used to guide the combined beam to the launch chamber using the Couder optical path, so that the combined beam can be emitted through the common aperture of the launch chamber.

[0012] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer device including a processor and a memory; wherein the processor executes a computer program stored in the memory to implement the steps of the laser anti-drone method described in the second aspect.

[0013] Fifthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program; when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the laser anti-drone method described in the second aspect.

[0014] In a sixth aspect, the present invention provides a computer program product, including computer-executable instructions or a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the laser anti-drone method described in the second aspect.

[0015] This invention provides a laser-based anti-drone device, method, and system. By integrating laser communication components, it enables direct laser communication networking and data exchange between devices, effectively avoiding reliance on external wireless networks or central command systems. Therefore, even in complex electromagnetic interference or physical disruption environments, the devices can maintain communication and coordination, significantly improving the resilience of the defense network. Simultaneously, the device utilizes a coarse infrared lens for coarse tracking, a fine television component for fine tracking, and a fast-reflecting mirror for laser pointing correction. Combined with the collimated beam-expanding and common-aperture design of the primary and secondary mirror off-axis beam expanders, it ensures rapid detection, precise strike, and efficient coordination against drone targets, thereby enhancing low-altitude security capabilities. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of a laser anti-drone device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a laser anti-drone device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laser communication component provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic flowchart of a laser-based anti-drone method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a laser anti-drone system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Among them, 1. Launch cabin, 11. Primary and secondary mirror off-axis beam expander assembly, 111. Primary mirror, 112. Secondary mirror, 12. Fast reflector, 13. Coarse infrared lens; 2. Bottom cabin, 21. Laser input interface, 22. Fine television assembly, 23. Laser communication assembly, 231. Light emission channel, 232. Communication fine tracking channel, 233. Light receiving channel, 234. Beam splitter assembly, 2341. First beam splitter, 2342. Second beam splitter, 235. Narrowband filter; 3. Coulomb optical path, 31. Reflector. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1 like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a laser anti-drone device, comprising: Launch compartment 1 includes primary and secondary mirror off-axis beam expander assembly 11, fast reflector 12 and coarse infrared lens 13.

[0021] The lower compartment 2 includes a laser input interface 21, a precision television assembly 22, and a laser communication assembly 23.

[0022] The Kud optical path 3 includes multiple reflectors 31 for deflecting the optical path, so as to connect the launch chamber 1 and the bottom chamber 2 through the optical path; The coarse infrared lens 13 is used to coarsely track the UAV in the target airspace and output the spatial orientation angle information of the UAV relative to the coarse infrared lens 13.

[0023] The precision TV component 22 is used to image the UAV entering the field of view of the precision TV component 22 according to the spatial orientation angle information and generate precision tracking commands based on the imaging results.

[0024] The fast-reflection mirror 12 is used to adjust its angle according to the fine tracking command in order to correct the direction of the laser beam imported from the laser input interface 21.

[0025] The primary and secondary mirror off-axis beam expander assembly 11 is used to collimate and expand the laser beam after pointing correction before emission; collimation ensures the parallelism of the laser beam, while beam expansion reduces the beam divergence angle, thereby increasing the laser's effective distance and energy density.

[0026] Laser communication component 23 is used for laser communication networking and data exchange with other external laser communication components.

[0027] The communication beam of the laser communication component 23, the detection beam of the precision television component 22, and the laser beam before correction are combined in the bottom compartment 2 and then guided to the launch compartment 1 through the Kud optical path 3 so as to be emitted through the common aperture of the launch compartment 1.

[0028] In this embodiment, the launch cabin 1 is configured as the top or front end of the laser anti-drone device, primarily responsible for the final emission of the laser beam, preliminary detection of the target airspace, and beam expansion processing of the laser beam. The launch cabin 1 is typically exposed to the external environment to ensure a wide field of view and an unobstructed laser emission path.

[0029] The Cooder optical path 3 is configured as the optical path connecting the launch chamber 1 and the base chamber 2, and refracts and transmits the light beam through a series (or more) of mirrors 31. The Cooder optical path 3 ensures the optical path connectivity between the launch chamber 1 and the base chamber 2, while allowing for flexible spatial arrangement of the launch chamber 1 and the base chamber 2.

[0030] The coarse infrared lens 13 is configured as a wide-field detection device for scanning a large area of ​​the target airspace to initially detect and locate potential targets. The coarse infrared lens 13 typically operates in the mid-to-long-wave infrared band, does not rely on visible light, and can achieve the first step of passive and covert detection of targets by detecting the thermal radiation of UAVs under adverse weather conditions such as night, smoke, fog, and haze.

[0031] The coarse infrared lens 13 can be a cooled mid-to-long-wave infrared detector array that acquires infrared radiation images of the target area through scanning or staring. By processing these images, the thermal characteristics of the UAV can be identified, and the approximate spatial orientation information of the UAV relative to the coarse infrared lens 13 can be calculated. The spatial orientation information is then transmitted to a subsequent processing unit.

[0032] Cooled mid-to-long-wave infrared detectors feature high sensitivity and a high signal-to-noise ratio, effectively detecting the mid-to-long-wave infrared radiation emitted by the target itself. They can clearly identify targets even in low-contrast, low-light, or complex background conditions. Cooling technology significantly reduces the detector's own noise, thereby enhancing its ability to detect distant, small, or stealthy targets, providing more reliable and accurate initial azimuth information for subsequent fine tracking. The mid-to-long-wave infrared band has good atmospheric transmission characteristics and is less affected by environmental factors such as smoke and dust, which is beneficial for all-weather operation.

[0033] The precision television module 22 is configured as a high-resolution imaging and tracking system, for example, a visible light or near-infrared camera with high magnification and image resolution, for precise target identification and tracking based on coarse tracking. The precision television module 22 generates instructions for precisely controlling the laser's direction by acquiring detailed image information of the target.

[0034] Once the UAV is guided into the field of view of the fine television module 22 (lens) by the coarse infrared lens 13, the fine television module 22 continuously images the UAV. These images are sent to an image processing unit (such as a DSP or FPGA), where pre-selected algorithms (such as centroid extraction, correlation matching, etc.) are used to calculate in real time the pixel deviation between the UAV's imaging center and the center of the field of view in the X and Y directions. The pixel deviation is then converted into an angular deviation (in milliradians or microradians) to represent the amount of UAV deviation. This angular deviation signal is the fine tracking command that drives the fast-reflecting mirror 12.

[0035] The fast-reflecting mirror 12 is configured as a high-speed-response optical element that achieves dynamic, high-precision correction of the laser beam's direction by rapidly changing its reflection angle. In laser-based anti-drone devices, the fast-reflecting mirror 12 compensates for laser beam pointing errors caused by drone motion and device jitter. For example, the fast-reflecting mirror 12 can be a miniature mirror driven by an actuator (such as a piezoelectric ceramic or voice coil motor), combined with a flexible hinge, position sensor, and servo controller to perform minute angular deflections with extremely high frequency and precision. Upon receiving a fine-tracking command, the fast-reflecting mirror's driver rapidly adjusts the mirror angle, causing a corresponding change in the laser beam's reflection direction. This compensates for the target drone's motion and the system's own minute vibrations, ensuring the laser beam is always precisely pointed at the target.

[0036] The flexible hinge is configured as a frictionless, backlash-free motion transmission mechanism. It guides the actuator's linear or minute angular displacement through its elastic deformation, amplifying and precisely transmitting this displacement to the reflector surface, achieving pure deflection motion. Position sensors (such as strain gauges or capacitive displacement sensors) are typically integrated within the fast-reflecting mirror to detect the actual deflection angle of the reflector surface in real time, forming an internal closed loop to ensure control accuracy. The servo controller receives fine-tracking commands and feedback signals from the position sensors, performs high-speed calculations (such as PID control algorithms), and drives the actuator to move.

[0037] The primary and secondary mirror off-axis beam expander 11 can be composed of two or more aspherical mirrors, which form a beam expander system in the optical path. After the laser beam enters the primary and secondary mirror off-axis beam expander 11, it is first received and initially focused by one mirror, then reflected and collimated and expanded by another mirror, and finally emitted with a low divergence angle to meet the needs of long-distance transmission and strike.

[0038] For example, the fast reflector 12 is positioned in the optical path before the beam incident end of the off-axis beam expander assembly 11 of the primary and secondary mirrors. This arrangement ensures that the laser beam pointing is precisely corrected by the fast reflector 12 before entering the off-axis beam expander assembly 11 for collimation and beam expansion. The fast reflector 12 typically has fast response and high-precision angle adjustment capabilities, and can compensate for laser beam pointing deviations caused by target motion, platform jitter, or atmospheric disturbances in real time according to fine tracking commands. Placing the fast reflector 12 before the off-axis beam expander assembly 11 of the primary and secondary mirrors means that the fast reflector processes a relatively thin laser beam, which helps to reduce the size and inertia of the fast reflector, thereby improving the fast reflector's response speed and control accuracy.

[0039] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the off-axis beam expander assembly 11 includes an off-axis primary mirror 111 and a secondary mirror 112. The secondary mirror 112 receives and focuses the laser beam from the fast reflector 12, while the primary mirror 111 collimates and expands the laser beam focused by the secondary mirror 112. The off-axis design avoids the central obstruction problem in traditional coaxial beam expander systems, thus eliminating diffraction effects and ensuring the uniformity of energy distribution and wavefront quality of the expanded laser beam, which is crucial for long-distance transmission and energy concentration. The laser beam corrected by the fast reflector 12 is first incident on the secondary mirror, which initially focuses it. Subsequently, the focused beam is incident on the primary mirror 111, which collimates and expands it to the desired exit aperture. Through the rational design and off-axis layout of the primary mirror 111 and the secondary mirror 112, high-magnification beam expansion can be achieved while maintaining excellent beam quality and reducing the beam divergence angle.

[0040] The laser communication component 23 is configured as a communication device that uses laser as a carrier for data transmission, enabling point-to-point or network communication between the device and other external laser communication components. The laser communication component 23 provides a communication method with strong anti-interference capabilities and high security. For example, the laser communication component 23 may include a laser transmitter and a laser receiver, transmitting data by modulating the laser beam. When communication with other devices is required, the laser communication component emits modulated laser signals and receives laser signals from other devices, thereby achieving direct, high-speed, and secure point-to-point or network communication between devices, such as for sharing target information and coordinating combat commands.

[0041] The communication beam from the laser communication component 23, the detection beam from the precision television component, and the uncorrected laser beam are combined within the lower chamber 2. For example, multiple beam splitters or beam combiners can be used to converge these beams of different wavelengths or paths into the same optical path. The combined beam is then guided to the launch chamber 1 via the Cood optical path 3. Within the launch chamber 1, these combined beams are emitted through the same optical aperture, for example, through the final exit aperture of the off-axis beam expander component 11 of the primary and secondary mirrors. This common-aperture emission method simplifies the device structure, reduces the number of optical elements, improves device integration, and ensures high spatial alignment of all beams.

[0042] The laser anti-drone device in this embodiment is constructed with a modular structure. The launch compartment can be designed as a lightweight structure, integrating the primary and secondary off-axis beam expander assembly 11, the fast reflector 12, and the coarse infrared lens 13. The base compartment 2 can be designed as a load-bearing structure, integrating the laser input interface 21, the precision television assembly 22, and the laser communication assembly 23. The coarse optical path 3 consists of a series of reflectors 31, such as plane reflectors or prisms, which are precisely arranged to establish a stable optical path connection between the launch compartment 1 and the base compartment 2. This modular design makes the maintenance and upgrading of the device more convenient.

[0043] Considering that the laser communication component 23 needs to simultaneously process multiple optical signals, such as communication signal transmission, reception, and precise tracking of the communication link, these optical signals have different wavelengths, directions, and functions. In order to effectively separate, guide, and combine these complex optical signals to ensure the stability of the communication link and the reliability of data transmission, while avoiding mutual interference between signals, this embodiment further proposes that the laser communication component 23 includes a light transmission channel 231, a communication precise tracking channel 232, a light receiving channel 233, and a beam splitter component 234.

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, the beam splitter assembly 234 includes a first beam splitter 2341 and a second beam splitter 2342. The first beam splitter 2341 is located on the outgoing optical path of the light receiving channel 233 and the communication fine tracking channel 232, and is used to transmit the received optical signal from the light receiving channel 233 to the second beam splitter 2342 and reflect the received optical signal from the communication fine tracking channel 232 to the second beam splitter 2342. The second beam splitter 2342 is disposed on the outgoing optical path of the light emitting channel 231 and the light receiving channel 233, and is used to reflect the communication emission signal from the light emitting channel 231 to the Coulomb optical path 3 and transmit the received optical signals from the light receiving channel 233 and the communication fine tracking channel 232 to the Coulomb optical path 3.

[0045] The laser communication component 23 is the core unit in the laser anti-drone device responsible for achieving long-range wireless optical communication. Its main function is to establish bidirectional communication links with other external laser communication components for data transmission and networking. To achieve this, the laser communication component 23 needs to accurately emit communication beams, sensitively receive communication optical signals, and perform high-precision tracking and stabilization of the communication link. The internal structural design of the laser communication component 23 is crucial to its communication performance, requiring a sophisticated optical path design to manage optical signals for different functions.

[0046] The optical emission channel 231 is a subsystem in a laser communication assembly used to convert communication data to be transmitted into optical signals and then transmit them. The optical emission channel 231 typically includes a laser source, a modulator, and an optical fiber coupler. It guides the modulated laser beam into the optical fiber and transmits the optical signal through the fiber to subsequent optical elements for collimation and transmission. The function of the optical emission channel 231 is to ensure that communication signals can be converted into optical signals and output with high efficiency and high fidelity.

[0047] The communication fine-tracking channel 232 is a subsystem in the laser communication assembly used for high-precision pointing and tracking of the communication link. In laser communication, the pointing of the communication beam can deviate due to factors such as platform jitter and atmospheric turbulence, affecting communication quality. The communication fine-tracking channel 232 receives beacon light or a portion of the communication light from the remote communication assembly and uses a detector to detect the beam spot position, generating a pointing error signal. These error signals are then used to drive the fine-tracking mechanism to correct the pointing of the communication beam in real time, ensuring stable alignment of the communication link.

[0048] The optical receiving channel 233 is a subsystem in the laser communication assembly 23 used to receive communication optical signals from the outside and convert them into electrical signals. This channel typically includes an optical receiving antenna, a fiber optic coupler, a photodetector, and subsequent signal amplification and demodulation circuitry. The function of the optical receiving channel 233 is to efficiently and with low noise capture and process external communication optical signals to recover the original data.

[0049] Beam splitter assembly 234 is a key set of optical components in the laser communication assembly used to separate, combine, or guide light beams of different wavelengths or directions. It typically consists of one or more beam splitters, which, based on their optical characteristics, can selectively transmit or reflect light of specific wavelengths or polarization states. The role of beam splitter assembly 234 in the laser communication assembly 23 is to achieve effective management and isolation of the optical paths between the light transmission channel 231, the communication tracking channel 232, and the light receiving channel 233, ensuring independent transmission and coordinated operation of signals from each channel.

[0050] The first beam splitter 2341 is a key optical element in the beam splitter assembly 234, positioned in the outgoing light path of the light receiving channel 233 and the communication fine-tracking channel 232. The first beam splitter 2341 possesses specific spectral characteristics, enabling it to transmit the received light signal from the light receiving channel 233 to the second beam splitter 2342, while simultaneously reflecting the received light signal from the communication fine-tracking channel 232 to the second beam splitter 2342. This design allows for preliminary optical path integration of the two received signals at the first beam splitter 2341, and their unified guidance to the second beam splitter 2342 for further processing or beam combining. For example, the first beam splitter 2341 can be designed as a dichroic mirror with high transmittance for the communication receiving band and high reflectance for the communication fine-tracking band.

[0051] The second beam splitter 2342 is another key optical element in the beam splitter assembly 234. It is positioned on the outgoing optical path of the light emission channel 231 and the light receiving channel 233. The main function of the second beam splitter 2342 is to combine and separate the transmitted and received communication signals. Specifically, the second beam splitter 2342 reflects the transmitted communication signal from the light emission channel 231 to the Couder optical path 3 for transmission through the common aperture of the transmission chamber 1. Simultaneously, the second beam splitter 2342 transmits the received optical signal from the first beam splitter 2341, which integrates the light receiving channel 233 and the communication fine-tracking channel 232, to the Couder optical path 3. This configuration ensures that the transmitted communication beam can be efficiently guided out, and all received optical signals can be effectively collected and transmitted, thus achieving a shared optical path for transmission and reception. For example, the second beam splitter 2342 can be designed as a dichroic mirror with high reflectivity for the transmission band and high transmittance for the reception and fine-tracking bands.

[0052] In this embodiment, the optical path structure inside the laser communication component 23 is clearly defined and optimized. The light emission channel 231, the communication fine-tracking channel 232, and the light receiving channel 233 independently process the communication emission, fine-tracking, and communication reception signals, respectively, and are efficiently managed by the beam splitter assembly 234. Specifically, the first beam splitter 2341 initially integrates the received optical signal from the light receiving channel 233 with the received optical signal from the communication fine-tracking channel 232, and guides them uniformly. Subsequently, the second beam splitter 2342 further reflects the communication emission signal from the light emission channel 231 while simultaneously transmitting the integrated received optical signal. The design of the beam splitter assembly 234 enables precise separation and beam combining of optical signals with different functions and wavelengths within the laser communication component 23, effectively avoiding crosstalk and optical path loss, and ensuring the independence and synergy of the communication emission, reception, and fine-tracking functions. Ultimately, this significantly improves the working stability, communication efficiency, and data transmission reliability of the laser communication component in complex optical path environments, providing a solid foundation for reliable laser communication networking and data interaction in laser anti-drone devices.

[0053] Considering that the wavelength selection characteristics of the beam splitter assembly 234 are not ideal, or that there is some overlap between the communication transmission band and the communication reception band, some of the communication transmission signal may leak into the communication reception channel, thereby interfering with the communication reception signal, reducing the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal, and thus affecting the quality and reliability of laser communication. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, this embodiment further proposes that the laser communication component 23 also includes a narrowband filter 235.

[0054] A narrowband filter 235 is disposed in the optical path between the first beam splitter 2341 and the second beam splitter 2342 to block the communication transmission band and transmit the communication reception band. Specifically, the narrowband filter 235 is an optical element whose main function is to allow light of a specific wavelength range to pass through while blocking or attenuating light of other wavelength ranges. In this embodiment, the narrowband filter 235 is designed to have specific spectral response characteristics, that is, to accurately block light of the communication transmission band and efficiently transmit light of the communication reception band. For example, the narrowband filter 235 can be in the form of a dielectric film interference filter, which achieves precise selection of a specific band by stacking multiple dielectric films and utilizing the interference effect of light.

[0055] The placement of the narrowband filter 235 is crucial; it is positioned in the optical path between the first beam splitter 2341 and the second beam splitter 2342 to ensure effective filtering of interference before the received signal enters the final detector. The term "cutoff communication transmission band" refers to the narrowband filter 235's high blocking rate for communication signal bands (e.g., 1535nm-1545nm) generated internally by the laser communication component 23 and used for external transmission, preventing their passage. Conversely, the term "transmission communication reception band" means that the narrowband filter 235 has high transmittance for communication signal bands (e.g., 1555nm-1565nm) received from the outside and requiring processing in the communication fine-tracking channel 232 or the light receiving channel 233, ensuring the integrity of the received signal. In this way, the narrowband filter 235 can effectively distinguish and process communication signals of different bands, avoiding mutual interference.

[0056] By introducing a narrowband filter 235 into the laser communication component 23 and precisely positioning it in the optical path between the first beam splitter 2341 and the second beam splitter 2342, the interference problem of the transmitted communication signal on the received communication signal can be effectively solved. Specifically, when a small amount of the transmitted communication signal may leak in the beam splitter component 234 and enter the receiving optical path, the narrowband filter 235, by virtue of its characteristic of cutting off the transmitted communication band, can block these leaked transmitted signals, thereby greatly suppressing the crosstalk between the transmitted and received signals. At the same time, the high transmittance of the narrowband filter 235 to the received communication band ensures that the externally received communication signal can pass through with high efficiency and enter the subsequent communication fine tracking channel 232 or the optical receiving channel 233 for processing. In view of this, the solution significantly improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the received communication signal, ensuring the stability and reliability of the laser communication link, especially in complex communication scenarios where high-power transmission and weak signal reception coexist, effectively guaranteeing the quality of data interaction.

[0057] In summary, this embodiment provides a laser-based anti-drone device. By integrating a laser communication component 23, it achieves direct laser communication networking and data interaction between devices, effectively avoiding dependence on external wireless networks or central command systems. Therefore, even in complex electromagnetic interference or physical disruption environments, the devices can maintain communication and coordination, significantly improving the resilience of the defense network. Simultaneously, the device uses a coarse infrared lens 13 for coarse tracking, a fine television component 22 for fine tracking, and a fast-reflecting mirror 12 for laser pointing correction. Combined with the collimated beam expansion and common-aperture design of the primary and secondary mirror off-axis beam expander components 11, it ensures rapid detection, precise strike, and efficient coordination against drone targets, thereby enhancing low-altitude security capabilities.

[0058] Example 2 like Figure 4As shown, this embodiment provides a laser anti-drone method using a laser anti-drone device, comprising: Step 101: Perform coarse tracking on the UAV within the target airspace to obtain the spatial orientation angle information of the UAV relative to the coarse infrared lens.

[0059] Step 102: Image the UAV entering the field of view of the precision TV component based on the spatial orientation angle information and generate precision tracking commands based on the imaging results.

[0060] Step 103: Control the fast-reflecting mirror to adjust its angle according to the fine tracking command, so as to correct the direction of the first laser beam imported from the laser input interface and obtain the second laser beam.

[0061] Step 104: The second laser beam is collimated and expanded using the primary and secondary mirror off-axis beam expander assembly before being emitted to the UAV.

[0062] The laser-based anti-drone method further includes: Step 105: Connect the target laser communication component to other external laser communication components for laser communication networking and data exchange.

[0063] Step 106: Combine the communication beam of the laser communication component, the detection beam of the precision television component, and the first laser beam inside the lower compartment.

[0064] Step 107: Use the Cood optical path to guide the combined beam to the launch chamber, so as to emit the combined beam through the common aperture of the launch chamber.

[0065] The steps of establishing a laser communication network and enabling data exchange between the target laser communication component and other external laser communication components aim to integrate the laser counter-drone device into a broader laser communication network. The laser communication component can establish point-to-point or multi-node communication links to exchange data with command centers, other counter-drone platforms, or reconnaissance platforms, such as target coordinates, command information, or status reports. Data exchange typically involves modulating the laser beam to carry information and demodulating it at the receiving end. To ensure reliable data transmission, various modulation schemes (such as on / off keying, pulse position modulation, and differential phase shift keying) and error correction coding techniques can be employed. The communication wavelength is usually selected in the near-infrared band, where atmospheric absorption and scattering are minimal, to optimize transmission performance.

[0066] The core step in achieving common-aperture emission is the process of combining the communication beam from the laser communication component, the detection beam from the precision television component, and the first laser beam within the lower chamber. Optical methods are used to converge the communication beam from the laser communication component, the detection beam from the precision television component used for target detection, and the first laser beam used to engage drones into a single optical path within the lower chamber. This beam combining process can be achieved using optical elements such as dichroic mirrors or wavelength-selective beam splitters. These elements selectively reflect or transmit light based on the wavelength characteristics of different beams, thus precisely superimposing multiple beams and ensuring they spatially overlap or nearly overlap along the same axis. This beam combining method effectively simplifies the design and alignment of subsequent optical systems.

[0067] By utilizing the Cooder optical path to guide the combined beam to the launch compartment, and then transmitting the combined beam through the common aperture of the launch compartment, the efficient and precise transmission of the combined multifunctional beam to the launch compartment module is ensured. The Cooder optical path typically consists of a series of high-precision mirrors, carefully arranged to deflect and transmit the combined beam between the base compartment and the launch compartment while maintaining beam quality and alignment accuracy. Finally, the combined beam is emitted through the same exit aperture of the launch compartment, achieving common-aperture output for communication, detection, and strike functions. This design not only helps reduce the overall size and weight of the device but also simplifies the system's pointing and tracking control.

[0068] The aforementioned technical solution combines the communication beam of the laser communication component, the detection beam of the precision television component, and the first laser beam within the lower compartment. Guided by the Cood optical path, these beams are then sent to the launch bay for common-aperture emission, achieving integrated transmission and emission of multi-functional beams. This integration avoids the complexity of setting independent launch apertures for different functions, simplifies the device's structural design, and reduces its size and weight. Simultaneously, common-aperture emission ensures high spatial alignment of the communication, detection, and strike beams, enabling the laser anti-UAV device to efficiently and accurately network and exchange data with other external laser communication components while performing tasks such as coarse tracking, fine tracking, and laser strike against UAVs. This not only improves the device's collaborative combat capabilities and information sharing efficiency in complex battlefield environments but also enhances its overall combat effectiveness and mission flexibility.

[0069] The following example will provide a more detailed explanation of the above technical solution: In a target area, such as location A, multiple laser-based anti-drone devices are deployed. When a drone target enters the airspace of location A, one of the laser-based anti-drone devices begins its countermeasure mission.

[0070] First, the coarse infrared lens in the launch compartment of the device scans the target airspace. The coarse infrared lens is equipped with a cooled mid-to-long-wave infrared detector, which can detect the UAV target and perform coarse tracking, and then output the spatial orientation angle information of the UAV relative to the coarse infrared lens.

[0071] Next, the precision television unit in the lower compartment receives spatial orientation information from the coarse infrared camera. Using this information, the precision television unit aligns its field of view with the UAV target and images it. Based on the imaging results, the precision television unit generates precise tracking commands.

[0072] Simultaneously, the first laser beam, introduced from the laser input interface, enters the lower compartment. The fast-reflecting mirror in the launch compartment adjusts its angle according to the precision tracking command generated by the precision television assembly. Positioned in the optical path before the beam incident end of the off-axis beam expander assembly of the primary and secondary mirrors, the fast-reflecting mirror's angle adjustment function corrects the direction of the first laser beam, thereby obtaining a second laser beam with corrected direction.

[0073] Subsequently, the off-axis beam expander assembly of the primary and secondary mirrors receives the second laser beam. The off-axis beam expander assembly includes a primary mirror and a secondary mirror placed off-axis. The secondary mirror first receives and converges the second laser beam from the fast-reflecting mirror, while the primary mirror collimates and expands the converged laser beam. The expanded laser beam is then emitted through the launch module to counteract the UAV target.

[0074] In the aforementioned countermeasures process, the laser communication component of the device also plays a role: the laser communication component includes a light emission channel, a communication fine-tracking channel, a light receiving channel, and a beam splitter assembly. The beam splitter assembly includes a first beam splitter and a second beam splitter. The first beam splitter is located on the outgoing optical path of the light receiving channel and the communication fine-tracking channel, and is used to transmit the received optical signal from the light receiving channel to the second beam splitter, and reflect the received optical signal from the communication fine-tracking channel to the second beam splitter. The second beam splitter is located on the outgoing optical path of the light emission channel and the light receiving channel, and is used to reflect the communication emission signal from the light emission channel to the Kud optical path module, and transmit the received optical signal from the light receiving channel and the communication fine-tracking channel to the Kud optical path module. In addition, the laser communication component is also equipped with a narrowband filter, which is located in the optical path between the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter, and is used to block the communication emission band and transmit the communication reception band. Through these components, the laser communication component can establish a laser communication network and interact with other laser anti-drone devices (such as device B) deployed in the area of ​​location A.

[0075] Inside the lower compartment, the communication beam from the laser communication component, the detection beam from the precision television component, and the initial laser beam before calibration are combined. The combined beam is then guided to the launch module via the Kud optical path module. The Kud optical path module consists of multiple mirrors used to deflect the optical path, ensuring the optical path connects the launch compartment and the lower compartment. Finally, the combined beam is emitted through the launch module using a common aperture. This means that the laser anti-drone device can simultaneously perform target detection, laser strike, and laser communication with other devices, with all functional beams emitted through the same aperture.

[0076] Compared to existing technologies that rely on external wireless networks or central command systems for coordination and data exchange, this device integrates laser communication components to achieve direct laser communication networking between devices. This approach avoids dependence on external communication links that are susceptible to strong electromagnetic interference or physical interruptions. For example, when a UAV target moves from the field of view of device A to the field of view of device B, device A can directly transmit tracking data and mission commands to device B via the laser communication components, enabling dynamic task allocation and relay tracking. This improves the overall survivability and collaborative combat efficiency of the defense system, ensuring the integrity and functionality of the defense network even in complex environments.

[0077] Example 3 Based on the same inventive concept as Embodiment 2, this embodiment provides a laser anti-drone system for laser anti-drone devices. Since the principle of solving the problem in this system is similar to that of the laser anti-drone method described in Embodiment 2, the implementation of this system can refer to the implementation of the laser target disposal method.

[0078] like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a laser anti-drone system, including: The coarse tracking module 10 is used to perform coarse tracking of the UAV in the target airspace in order to obtain the spatial orientation angle information of the UAV relative to the coarse infrared lens.

[0079] The imaging module 20 is used to image the UAV entering the field of view of the precision TV component based on the spatial orientation angle information and generate precision tracking commands based on the imaging results.

[0080] The correction module 30 is used to control the fast-reflecting mirror to adjust the angle according to the fine tracking command, so as to correct the direction of the first laser beam imported from the laser input interface and obtain the second laser beam.

[0081] The collimation and beam expansion module 40 is used to collimate and expand the second laser beam using the primary and secondary mirror off-axis beam expansion components before transmitting it to the UAV.

[0082] The laser anti-drone system also includes: The communication networking module 50 is used to connect the target laser communication component with other external laser communication components for laser communication networking and data exchange.

[0083] The beam combining module 60 is used to combine the communication beam of the laser communication component, the detection beam of the precision television component, and the first laser beam within the lower compartment.

[0084] The beam guiding module 70 is used to guide the combined beam to the launch chamber using the Couder optical path, so as to emit the combined beam through the common aperture of the launch chamber.

[0085] For more detailed information on the working process of each of the above modules, please refer to the relevant content disclosed in Example 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0086] Example 4 This embodiment provides a computer device, including a processor and a memory; wherein, when the processor executes the computer program stored in the memory, it implements the steps of the laser anti-drone method described in Embodiment 2.

[0087] For a more detailed explanation of the above method, please refer to the relevant content disclosed in Example 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0088] Example 5 This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program; when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the laser anti-drone method described in Embodiment 2.

[0089] For a more detailed explanation of the above method, please refer to the relevant content disclosed in Example 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0090] Example 6 This embodiment provides a computer program product, including computer-executable instructions or a computer program. When the computer-executable instructions or the computer program are executed by a processor, they implement the steps of the laser anti-drone method described in Embodiment 2.

[0091] For a more detailed explanation of the above method, please refer to the relevant content disclosed in Example 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0092] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the systems, devices, storage media, and computer program products disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the descriptions are relatively simple, and relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0093] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that the techniques in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented using software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, or the parts that contribute to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in various embodiments or certain parts of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0094] In some embodiments, computer-executable instructions may take the form of programs, software, software modules, scripts, or code, written in any form of programming language (including compiled or interpreted languages, or declarative or procedural languages), and may be deployed in any form, including as stand-alone programs or as modules, components, subroutines, or other units suitable for use in a computing environment.

[0095] As an example, computer-executable instructions may, but do not necessarily, correspond to files in a file system. They may be stored as part of a file that holds other programs or data, for example, in one or more scripts in a Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) document, in a single file dedicated to the program in question, or in multiple co-located files (e.g., files that store one or more modules, subroutines, or code sections).

[0096] As an example, computer-executable instructions can be deployed to execute on a single electronic device, or on multiple electronic devices located at one location, or on multiple electronic devices distributed across multiple locations and interconnected via a communication network.

[0097] The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to specific embodiments and exemplary examples; however, these descriptions should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that various equivalent substitutions, modifications, or improvements can be made to the technical solutions and embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such modifications and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A laser-based anti-drone device, characterized in that, include: The launch module includes off-axis beam expanders for primary and secondary mirrors, a fast-reflecting mirror, and a coarse infrared lens; The lower compartment includes a laser input interface, a precision television assembly, and a laser communication assembly; The Kud optical path includes multiple reflectors for deflecting the optical path to connect the launch chamber and the base chamber via the optical path; The coarse infrared lens is used to coarsely track the UAV in the target airspace and output the spatial orientation angle information of the UAV relative to the coarse infrared lens. The precision TV component is used to image the UAV entering the field of view of the precision TV component according to the spatial orientation angle information and generate precision tracking commands based on the imaging results. The fast-reflecting mirror is used to adjust its angle according to the fine tracking command in order to correct the direction of the laser beam imported from the laser input interface; The primary and secondary mirror off-axis beam expander assembly is used to collimate and expand the laser beam after pointing correction before emission. The laser communication component is used to establish a laser communication network and exchange data with other external laser communication components. The communication beam of the laser communication component, the detection beam of the precision television component, and the laser beam before correction are combined in the lower cabin and then guided to the launch cabin through the Couder optical path for emission through the common aperture of the launch cabin.

2. The laser anti-drone device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coarse infrared lens is an optical lens that includes a cooled mid-to-long-wave infrared detector; The fast-reflecting mirror is positioned in the optical path before the beam incident end of the off-axis beam expander assembly of the primary and secondary mirrors; The primary and secondary mirror off-axis beam expander assembly includes a primary mirror and a secondary mirror placed off-axis; the secondary mirror is used to receive and converge the laser beam from the fast-reflecting mirror; the primary mirror is used to collimate and expand the laser beam converged by the secondary mirror and emit it.

3. The laser anti-drone device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser communication component includes a light emission channel, a communication fine tracking channel, a light receiving channel, and a beam splitter assembly; The beam splitter assembly includes a first beam splitter and a second beam splitter; the first beam splitter is located on the outgoing optical path of the light receiving channel and the communication fine tracking channel, and is used to transmit the received optical signal of the light receiving channel to the second beam splitter and reflect the received optical signal of the communication fine tracking channel to the second beam splitter; The second beam splitter is disposed on the outgoing optical path of the light emitting channel and the light receiving channel, and is used to reflect the communication transmission signal from the light emitting channel to the Couder optical path and to transmit the received optical signal from the light receiving channel and the communication fine tracking channel to the Couder optical path.

4. The laser anti-drone device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The laser communication component also includes: A narrowband filter is disposed in the optical path between the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter to block the communication transmission band and transmit the communication reception band.

5. A laser anti-drone method based on the laser anti-drone device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, include: Coarse tracking is performed on the drone within the target airspace to obtain the spatial orientation angle information of the drone relative to the coarse infrared lens. Based on spatial orientation angle information, the drone entering the field of view of the precision TV component is imaged and precision tracking commands are generated based on the imaging results. The fast-reflecting mirror is controlled to adjust its angle according to the fine tracking command in order to correct the direction of the first laser beam introduced from the laser input interface and obtain the second laser beam. The second laser beam is collimated and expanded using the primary and secondary mirror off-axis beam expander assembly before being emitted to the UAV. The laser-based anti-drone method further includes: The target laser communication component is used to form a laser communication network and exchange data with other external laser communication components. Inside the lower compartment, the communication beam of the laser communication component, the detection beam of the precision television component, and the first laser beam are combined. The combined beam is guided to the launch chamber using the Kud optical path, so that the combined beam can be emitted through the common aperture of the launch chamber.

6. A laser anti-drone system based on the laser anti-drone device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, include: The coarse tracking module is used to perform coarse tracking of the UAV in the target airspace in order to obtain the spatial orientation angle information of the UAV relative to the coarse infrared lens. The imaging module is used to image the UAV entering the field of view of the precision TV component based on the spatial orientation angle information and generate precision tracking commands based on the imaging results. The correction module is used to control the fast-reflecting mirror to adjust the angle according to the fine tracking command, so as to correct the direction of the first laser beam imported from the laser input interface and obtain the second laser beam. The collimation and beam expansion module is used to collimate and expand the second laser beam using the primary and secondary mirror off-axis beam expansion components before transmitting it to the UAV. The laser anti-drone system also includes: The communication networking module is used to enable laser communication networking and data interaction between the target laser communication component and other external laser communication components. The beam combining module is used to combine the communication beam of the laser communication component, the detection beam of the precision television component, and the first laser beam within the lower compartment. The beam guiding module is used to guide the combined beam to the launch chamber using the Couder optical path, so that the combined beam can be emitted through the common aperture of the launch chamber.

7. A computer device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory; wherein, when the processor executes the computer program stored in the memory, it implements the steps of the laser anti-drone method of claim 5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, Used to store computer programs; when the computer programs are executed by a processor, they implement the steps of the laser anti-drone method of claim 5.

9. A computer program product, characterized in that, It includes computer-executable instructions or computer programs, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the laser anti-drone method of claim 5.

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