Perovskite solar cell containing aluminum oxide intermediate layer and preparation method thereof
By adding a polymer dispersant to the alumina nanoparticle dispersion and employing solution coating and heat treatment techniques, the problem of uneven coating of the alumina intermediate layer was solved, achieving efficient interface optimization and large-area production, thus improving the photoelectric performance of perovskite solar cells.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-14
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the alumina interlayer cannot effectively improve the interfacial performance between the self-assembled monolayer and the perovskite light-absorbing layer through solution coating, resulting in uneven, rough films with pinholes, which affects the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells.
An alumina nanoparticle dispersion with a polymer dispersant was used to form an alumina intermediate layer through solution coating. Combined with heat treatment, the agglomeration of nanoparticles was inhibited, resulting in a dense and continuous alumina film and optimizing the interfacial properties.
It achieves large-area uniform coating of high-quality alumina intermediate layer, optimizes interface defects, improves open-circuit voltage and fill factor of perovskite solar cells, and achieves photoelectric conversion efficiency of over 20%, making it suitable for large-area production.
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Figure CN121865822A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a perovskite solar cell containing an alumina interlayer and its preparation method, belonging to the field of perovskite solar cell technology. Background Technology
[0002] Perovskite solar cells have become strong contenders for next-generation photovoltaic technology due to their excellent photoelectric performance and low fabrication cost. In typical pin structures, the interface quality between the hole transport layer and the perovskite light-absorbing layer is crucial to device efficiency and stability. Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are widely used as efficient interface modification materials, but there is still room for optimization in energy level matching and interface defect control between them and the perovskite layer.
[0003] Introducing an ultrathin metal oxide interlayer (such as alumina) is an effective strategy for improving interfacial properties. Alumina possesses good chemical stability, excellent passivation capabilities, and suitable band structure. However, the preparation of high-quality alumina films currently relies mainly on vacuum techniques such as atomic layer deposition (ALD) or physical vapor deposition (PVD). These methods suffer from inherent drawbacks, including expensive equipment, low deposition rates, and difficulty in matching large-area roll-to-roll (R2R) continuous production processes, severely restricting their industrial application.
[0004] Solution coating methods (such as slot coating, blade coating, and inkjet printing) are ideal routes for large-area, low-cost thin film preparation. However, directly coating alumina nanoparticle dispersions into films faces significant challenges: nanoparticles are prone to agglomeration due to their high surface energy, resulting in uneven films with pinholes and high roughness, failing to form a dense, continuous interfacial layer. Instead, it introduces additional carrier recombination centers, preventing the alumina interlayer in the final perovskite solar cell from improving the interfacial performance between the self-assembled monolayer and the perovskite light-absorbing layer. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a perovskite solar cell with an alumina interlayer and its preparation method, thereby solving the problem in the prior art that the alumina interlayer cannot improve the interface performance between the self-assembled monolayer and the perovskite light-absorbing layer.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a perovskite solar cell containing an alumina interlayer, comprising: A nickel oxide layer and a self-assembled monolayer were sequentially prepared on a transparent conductive substrate; A dispersion of alumina nanoparticles was prepared by adding a polymer dispersant and stirring to obtain a uniform and stable dispersion of alumina nanoparticles. A uniform and stable dispersion of alumina nanoparticles is coated on top of the self-assembled monolayer using a solution coating method to form a wet film. The wet film is then heat-treated to form an alumina intermediate layer. A perovskite light-absorbing layer, a fullerene derivative layer, a copper bath layer, and a metal electrode are sequentially prepared above an alumina interlayer to obtain a perovskite solar cell containing an alumina interlayer.
[0007] Furthermore, in the alumina nanoparticle dispersion, the alumina nanoparticles have a particle size of 18~22nm.
[0008] Furthermore, the polymer dispersant is polyvinylpyrrolidone.
[0009] Furthermore, the amount of polyvinylpyrrolidone added is 0.3~1 mg / ml.
[0010] Furthermore, a uniform and stable dispersion of alumina nanoparticles is coated on top of the self-assembled monolayer using a solution coating method, employing a slit coating technique.
[0011] Furthermore, the process of heat-treating the wet film to form an alumina intermediate layer includes: heat-treating the wet film at 90~110℃ for 25~35 minutes to form an alumina intermediate layer.
[0012] Furthermore, the concentration of alumina nanoparticles in the alumina nanoparticle dispersion is 18~22wt%.
[0013] Furthermore, prior to adding the polymer dispersant, the following steps are also included: The alumina nanoparticle dispersion was diluted 300-500 times with isopropanol.
[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a perovskite solar cell containing an alumina interlayer, which is prepared by any of the preparation methods described in the first aspect.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: This invention provides a perovskite solar cell with an alumina interlayer and its preparation method. By adding a polymer dispersant to the alumina nanoparticle dispersion, the agglomeration of alumina nanoparticles is effectively suppressed through steric hindrance, solving the core technical bottleneck of uneven and non-dense film formation in coating methods. This results in a continuous, flat, and pinhole-free alumina film. High-quality alumina interlayers can be uniformly coated over a large area using a coating method, completely eliminating the dependence on vacuum equipment and exhibiting excellent compatibility with large-area printing processes. The formed alumina interlayer can effectively passivate interface defects between the self-assembled monolayer and the perovskite light-absorbing layer, optimize energy level alignment, and reduce non-radiative recombination, thereby significantly improving the open-circuit voltage and fill factor of the perovskite solar cell.
[0016] The data from the specific embodiments show that, based on the preparation method provided by the present invention, an effective area of 100 cm² can be achieved. 2 A stable photoelectric conversion efficiency of over 20% was achieved on the perovskite solar cell module, proving that the technology combines high performance with excellent large-area processing adaptability, and has broad prospects for industrialization. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for preparing a perovskite solar cell with an alumina interlayer provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a perovskite solar cell with an alumina intermediate layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0019] Example 1
[0020] according to Figure 1 The fabrication process shown in this embodiment demonstrates the preparation of a perovskite solar cell with an effective area of 100mm × 100mm containing an alumina interlayer. A layer of nickel oxide (NiO) was deposited on the cleaned ITO transparent conductive glass using magnetron sputtering. x SAM molecules (such as MeO-2PACz) are then coated onto it through slits to form a hole transport layer (composed of a nickel oxide layer from bottom to top and a self-assembled monolayer).
[0021] Preparation of alumina dispersion: A dispersion of alumina nanoparticles with an average particle size of 20 nm (20 wt%) was diluted 400 times with isopropanol (IPA). PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) was added to the dispersion at a concentration of 0.6 mg / ml. The mixture was thoroughly mixed by ultrasonication and heating to obtain a uniform and stable alumina nanoparticle dispersion.
[0022] Alumina Intermediate Layer Coating: A uniform and stable alumina nanoparticle dispersion was evenly coated onto the self-assembled monolayer using a slot coating method. The substrate was then annealed on a 100°C hot plate for 15 minutes to remove the solvent and form a dense alumina intermediate layer.
[0023] A FAPbI3-based perovskite precursor solution was coated onto the above-mentioned alumina intermediate layer using a slit coating method, and a perovskite light-absorbing layer was formed by vacuum pumping (VCD) assisted crystallization.
[0024] A PBCM layer (deposited fullerene derivative layer) and a BCP layer (bath copper spirit layer) are sequentially coated on the perovskite layer using a slit coating method.
[0025] Finally, a silver electrode was prepared by thermal evaporation to obtain a perovskite solar cell with an alumina interlayer, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.
[0026] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example uses the following method to prepare a perovskite solar cell with an effective area of 100 mm × 100 mm containing an alumina interlayer: A layer of nickel oxide (NiO) was deposited on the cleaned ITO transparent conductive glass using magnetron sputtering. x SAM molecules (such as MeO-2PACz) are then coated onto it through slits to form a hole transport layer (composed of a nickel oxide layer from bottom to top and a self-assembled monolayer).
[0027] Preparation of alumina dispersion: A dispersion of alumina nanoparticles with an average particle size of 20 nm (20 wt%) was diluted 400 times with isopropanol (IPA).
[0028] Alumina intermediate layer coating: Alumina nanoparticle dispersion was uniformly coated onto the self-assembled monolayer using a slot coating method. The substrate was then annealed on a 100°C hot plate for 15 minutes to remove the solvent and form a dense alumina intermediate layer.
[0029] A FAPbI3-based perovskite precursor solution was coated onto the above-mentioned alumina intermediate layer using a slit coating method, and a perovskite light-absorbing layer was formed by vacuum pumping (VCD) assisted crystallization.
[0030] A PBCM layer (deposited fullerene derivative layer) and a BCP layer (bath copper spirit layer) are sequentially coated on the perovskite layer using a slit coating method.
[0031] Finally, a perovskite solar cell with an alumina interlayer was obtained by thermally depositing a metallic silver electrode.
[0032] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example uses the following method to prepare a perovskite solar cell with an effective area of 100 mm × 100 mm containing an alumina interlayer: A layer of nickel oxide (NiO) was deposited on the cleaned ITO transparent conductive glass using magnetron sputtering. x SAM molecules (such as MeO-2PACz) are then coated onto it through slits to form a hole transport layer (composed of a nickel oxide layer from bottom to top and a self-assembled monolayer).
[0033] Preparation of alumina dispersion: A dispersion of alumina nanoparticles with an average particle size of 20 nm (20 wt%) was diluted 400 times with isopropanol (IPA). PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) was added to the dispersion at a concentration of 0.6 mg / ml. The mixture was thoroughly mixed by ultrasonication and heating to obtain a uniform and stable alumina nanoparticle dispersion.
[0034] Atomic layer deposition of alumina intermediate layer: Alumina is uniformly deposited on a self-assembled monolayer using atomic layer deposition.
[0035] A FAPbI3-based perovskite precursor solution was coated onto the above-mentioned alumina intermediate layer using a slit coating method, and a perovskite light-absorbing layer was formed by vacuum pumping (VCD) assisted crystallization.
[0036] A PBCM layer (deposited fullerene derivative layer) and a BCP layer (bath copper spirit layer) are sequentially coated on the perovskite layer using a slit coating method.
[0037] Finally, a perovskite solar cell with an alumina interlayer was obtained by thermally depositing a metallic silver electrode.
[0038] The photoelectric performance of the perovskite solar cells containing an alumina interlayer prepared in Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 was tested, specifically under standard sunlight (AM 1.5G, 100 mW / cm²). 2 The photoelectric performance was tested under the following conditions, and the test data are shown in Table 1.
[0039] Table 1 - Performance Data Table
[0040] The data shown in Table 1 show that the perovskite solar cell prepared in Example 1 has a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 20.7%, which proves the excellence of the process. Comparative Example 1 can only reach 16.5%, and the voltage and short-circuit current density are poor. Although Comparative Example 2 can reach a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 18.4%, which is close to the value of Example 1, the atomic layer deposition process is extremely time-consuming and the equipment cost is high, making it completely unsuitable for large-area high-speed production.
[0041] This invention successfully solves the problem of nanoparticle agglomeration by introducing a polymeric dispersant (such as PVP) into an alumina nanoparticle dispersion, achieving for the first time the preparation of a high-quality alumina intermediate layer via solution coating. This technical approach is low-cost, simple, highly compatible with large-area production methods, and can be applied to 100 cm² alumina nanoparticles. 2 Achieving a photoelectric conversion efficiency of over 20% on large-area modules provides a key interface engineering solution for the industrialization of perovskite solar cells.
[0042] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for preparing a perovskite solar cell containing an alumina interlayer, characterized in that, include: A nickel oxide layer and a self-assembled monolayer were sequentially prepared on a transparent conductive substrate; A dispersion of alumina nanoparticles was prepared by adding a polymer dispersant and stirring to obtain a uniform and stable dispersion of alumina nanoparticles. A uniform and stable dispersion of alumina nanoparticles is coated on top of the self-assembled monolayer using a solution coating method to form a wet film. The wet film is then heat-treated to form an alumina intermediate layer. A perovskite light-absorbing layer, a fullerene derivative layer, a copper bath layer, and a metal electrode are sequentially prepared above an alumina interlayer to obtain a perovskite solar cell containing an alumina interlayer.
2. The method for preparing a perovskite solar cell with an alumina interlayer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The alumina nanoparticle dispersion has a particle size of 18~22nm.
3. The method for preparing a perovskite solar cell containing an alumina interlayer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polymer dispersant is polyvinylpyrrolidone.
4. The method for preparing a perovskite solar cell containing an alumina interlayer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The amount of polyvinylpyrrolidone added is 0.3~1 mg / ml.
5. The method for preparing a perovskite solar cell containing an alumina interlayer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves coating a uniform and stable dispersion of alumina nanoparticles onto the self-assembled monolayer using a solution coating method, employing a slit coating technique.
6. The method for preparing a perovskite solar cell containing an alumina interlayer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of heat-treating the wet film to form an alumina intermediate layer includes: heat-treating the wet film at 90~110℃ for 25~35 minutes to form an alumina intermediate layer.
7. The method for preparing a perovskite solar cell containing an alumina interlayer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of alumina nanoparticles in the alumina nanoparticle dispersion is 18~22wt%.
8. The method for preparing a perovskite solar cell containing an alumina interlayer according to claim 1, characterized in that, Prior to the addition of the polymer dispersant, the following steps are also included: The alumina nanoparticle dispersion was diluted 300-500 times with isopropanol.
9. A perovskite solar cell containing an alumina interlayer, characterized in that, It is prepared by the preparation method described in any one of claims 1 to 8.