Small-sized self-propelled shrub stumping, crushing and collecting all-in-one machine suitable for small-area experimental area

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of shrub stumping operation equipment, and particularly relates to a small-sized self-propelled shrub stumping, crushing and collecting all-in-one machine suitable for a small-area experiment area, which comprises a rack, a cab arranged above the rack and a crawler belt arranged at the bottom of the rack and used for moving; through a double height adjusting mechanism of manual presetting and self-adaptive compensation, the stubble height can be flexibly set by rotating the adjusting lead screw, the boat-shaped detection receding plate is attached to the ground to compensate fluctuation deviation in real time, the holder guarantees stable power transmission, cutting missing and non-uniform stubble remaining are avoided, the reliability of experimental data is guaranteed, and the working efficiency is improved. And meanwhile, full-process automation of raking, cutting, crushing, smashing, collecting and discharging of shrubs, seamless connection of all links, automatic gathering of the shrubs by a spiral feeding rod and a shifting rod, blockage prevention of a scraping groove and automatic discharging of a collecting box driven by an electric guide rail are achieved, operation can be achieved by one person, the labor intensity is greatly reduced, and the operation convenience and continuity are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of shrub coppicing equipment, specifically relating to a small self-propelled shrub coppicing crushing and collecting integrated machine suitable for small experimental areas. Background Technology

[0002] In scientific research projects on grassland desertification control and shrub vegetation rejuvenation, it is often necessary to perform coppicing operations on shrubs such as Caragana korshinskii and Populus tomentosa in experimental plots covering several acres to promote their sprouting and regeneration. Currently, existing shrub coppicing technologies are mainly divided into two categories: one is large self-propelled or towed coppicing machines. These machines are large, powerful, and efficient, and are suitable for large-scale commercial operations. Some models integrate simple collection or crushing functions. The other category is manual assistance with small machinery. Researchers rely on chainsaws or handheld cutters to manually coppic, and then manually collect the scattered branches for subsequent processing.

[0003] A public disclosure (announcement) number of CN217603228U discloses a shrub pruning machine. This technology discloses "a shrub pruning machine. It includes a traction frame connected to a traction machine; a first support rotatably connected to the traction frame, with the rotation axis between the first support and the traction frame defined as axis A; and a second support rotatably connected to the first support, with the rotation axis between the second support and the first support defined as axis B, wherein axis A and axis B are perpendicular to each other. In this invention, the traction frame and the suspension support form a rotatable connection, and the first support and the second support form a rotatable connection, improving the overall..." The device is flexible; however, in actual use, it has the following drawbacks: This type of device uses a towed coppicing machine. Although such equipment has high operating efficiency, it is large and bulky, making it difficult to maneuver and move flexibly in small experimental plots. It is easy to crush experimental plots and damage the experimental design. Moreover, its design focuses on large-scale commercial operation and cannot achieve the precise control of stubble height required for scientific research. The long branches collected after the operation are also inconvenient for subsequent experimental processing. The scattered branches need to be collected manually, which not only results in high labor intensity and low operating efficiency, but also causes problems such as inconsistent stubble height and missed cutting, which seriously affects the reliability and consistency of experimental data.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this application proposes a small, self-propelled shrub coppicing, crushing, and collecting machine suitable for small experimental areas. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems mentioned in the background section, this invention provides a small, self-propelled shrub pruning, crushing, and collecting integrated machine suitable for small experimental areas. Through a dual height adjustment mechanism of manual preset and adaptive compensation, the stubble height can be flexibly set by rotating the adjusting screw. A boat-shaped detection clearance plate conforms to the ground in real time to compensate for undulation deviations, and a cage ensures stable power transmission, avoiding missed cuts and uneven stubble, thus ensuring reliable experimental data. Simultaneously, it automates the entire process of shrub gathering, cutting, crushing, pulverizing, collecting, and unloading, with seamless integration of each stage. The spiral feeding rod and lever automatically gather the shrubs, the scraper prevents clogging, and the electric guide rail drives the collection box for automatic unloading. It can be operated by a single person, significantly reducing labor intensity and improving operational convenience and continuity.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a small self-propelled shrub coppicing crushing and collection integrated machine suitable for small experimental areas, including a frame, a driver's cab installed on the top of the frame, and tracks installed at the bottom of the frame for movement; The frame is equipped with a U-shaped adjustment frame. Two mounting rods are symmetrically rotated on the surface of the U-shaped adjustment frame. Cutting blades for cutting shrubs can be detachably installed on the outer bottom of the two mounting rods. The height of the two cutting blades can be automatically adjusted according to the flatness of the plot. Inside the frame and on one side of the cutting blade, there are a material rake roller, a crushing bin, and a collection box arranged in sequence. The surface of the crushing bin is provided with a feeding port and a throwing port. The material rake roller is used to convey the cut shrubs to the feeding port. A cutting roller is rotatably installed inside the crushing bin. The cutting roller is used to collect and crush the shrubs conveyed by the material rake roller. A throwing roller is rotatably installed inside the throwing port. The throwing roller is used to throw the material crushed by the cutting roller along the throwing port into the collection box. The material discharge port of the crushing chamber is equipped with a scraper groove that matches the shape of the material rake roller. The scraper groove is used to scrape the shrubs wrapped around the adjacent rake teeth on the material rake roller.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a small self-propelled shrub coppicing crushing and collection integrated machine suitable for small experimental areas, a vertical slide rod is vertically slidably connected inside the mounting sleeve. A helical gear one is fixedly installed at one end of the vertical slide rod. A transmission rod is rotatably installed inside the frame. A helical gear two is installed on the transmission rod and meshes with the helical gear one. A retainer is rotatably connected to the surface of the vertical slide rod. The other side of the retainer is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the transmission rod. A servo motor one is fixedly installed on one side of the frame. The output end of the servo motor one extends into the frame and is connected to one end of the transmission rod.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a small self-propelled shrub coppicing, crushing, and collecting integrated machine suitable for small experimental areas, the outer surface of the mounting sleeve is evenly equipped with multiple spiral feeding rods in a ring shape. The spiral feeding rods are used to lift the shrubs close to the cutting blade. The bottom end of the mounting sleeve is fixed with a mounting plate, and the bottom surface of the mounting plate is equipped with multiple levers for pressing the shrub roots and stems.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a small self-propelled shrub coppicing crushing and collection integrated machine suitable for small experimental areas, a sliding rod is slidably connected to the surface of the U-shaped adjustment frame, and a detection relief plate for detecting land flatness is installed at the bottom end of the sliding rod. The length of the detection relief plate is greater than the diameter of the cutting blade, and the detection relief plate is boat-shaped. An adjustment screw is rotatably connected to the surface of the U-shaped adjustment frame, and one end of the adjustment screw is threaded into the sliding rod through the U-shaped adjustment frame.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a small self-propelled shrub coppicing crushing and collection machine suitable for small experimental areas, has an adjusting slider fixedly installed on the surface of the U-shaped adjusting frame, and an adjusting groove adapted to the adjusting slider is opened on the inner side wall of the frame. The U-shaped adjusting frame is slidably connected to the frame through the adjusting slider and the adjusting groove.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a small self-propelled shrub coppicing crushing and collecting integrated machine suitable for small experimental areas, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the frame and between the cutting blade and the material rake roller. A crushing roller is sleeved on the outer side of the rotating shaft. A clearance groove is opened on the surface of the rotating shaft along its own axis. The crushing roller is laterally slidably connected to the surface of the rotating shaft. A reciprocating screw is rotatably connected inside the frame and on one side of the rotating shaft. A threaded sleeve is threaded on the surface of the reciprocating screw. A U-shaped slide is fixed on the surface of the threaded sleeve. The U-shaped slide is sleeved on the outer side of the rotating shaft, and the crushing roller is located inside the U-shaped slide. The rotating shaft, the reciprocating screw, and the transmission rod are connected by a first pulley transmission group.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a small self-propelled shrub coppicing crushing and collection integrated machine suitable for small experimental areas, a guide slide is fixed on the surface of the wire sleeve, a guide slide seat is slidably connected to the top of the guide slide, and the guide slide seat is fixedly installed on the inner top of the frame.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a small self-propelled shrub coppicing crushing and collecting integrated machine suitable for small experimental areas, two guide cutting rollers are rotatably connected inside the crushing chamber and near the feeding port. Gear 1 and gear 2 are respectively installed on the outer side of the same end roller shaft of the two guide cutting rollers, and gear 1 and gear 2 mesh with each other. The same end roller shafts of one guide cutting roller, the cutting roller and the throwing roller are connected by a sprocket transmission group. The same end roller shafts of the other guide cutting roller and the material rake roller are connected by a second belt drive group. A servo motor 2 for driving the cutting roller to rotate is fixedly installed on one side of the frame.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a small self-propelled shrub coppicing crushing and collection integrated machine suitable for small experimental areas, an L-shaped fixed frame is fixedly installed at the end of the frame, an electric guide rail is fixedly installed on one side of the L-shaped fixed frame, a connecting rod slides on the outer surface of the electric guide rail, an abutment plate is fixed at one end of the connecting rod passing through the L-shaped fixed frame, a lifting rod is slidably connected to the surface of the L-shaped fixed frame, a strip-shaped clearance groove is opened on the surface of the lifting rod, a fixed sliding column is slidably connected in the strip-shaped clearance groove, the fixed sliding column is fixedly installed on the surface of the L-shaped fixed frame, a sliding rod is fixed on one side of the top of the lifting rod, an L-shaped hollow sliding seat slides on the outer side of the sliding rod, the L-shaped hollow sliding seat is fixedly installed on the surface of the L-shaped fixed frame, one end of the lifting rod passing through the L-shaped fixed frame abuts against the surface of the abutment plate, an L-shaped connecting rod is fixed to the surface of the lifting rod, and the L-shaped connecting rod is connected to the collection box.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a small self-propelled shrub coppicing crushing and collection integrated machine suitable for small experimental areas, the lifting rod has a sliding protrusion fixed at one end of the L-shaped fixing frame, and the sliding protrusion is slidably connected in the T-shaped groove opened on the surface of the abutment plate.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: Through an innovative height adjustment mechanism, precise control of the stubble height is achieved, providing a stable working foundation for scientific research experiments. The equipment features a dual adjustment structure of manual preset and adaptive compensation. Operators can change the relative height between the detection relief plate and the cutting blade by rotating the adjustment screw, flexibly setting the target stubble height according to experimental needs. The adjustment process is intuitive and easy to operate. During operation, the boat-shaped detection relief plate always stays in contact with the ground, enabling comprehensive perception of the ground conditions in the cutting area. When the ground is uneven, the U-shaped adjustment frame can be linked by the sliding rod and adjustment screw to drive the cutting blade to rise and fall synchronously, compensating for height deviations in real time. At the same time, the retainer structure ensures stable gear meshing during power transmission, ensuring continuous and coherent cutting action. This effectively avoids problems such as missed cuts and inconsistent stubble heights, ensuring consistency in various experimental treatments and providing strong support for the reliability of experimental data. This system achieves fully automated, integrated operation of the entire shrub processing process, completely changing the cumbersome and inefficient traditional operation mode. From shrub gathering and cutting to preliminary crushing, precise pulverization, centralized collection, and convenient unloading, each step is seamlessly connected through reasonable structural design and power transmission. The spiral feeding rod and the lever work together to automatically gather and collect the shrubs without the need for manual positioning. The crushing roller performs preliminary processing on the cut shrubs through compound motion, laying the foundation for the subsequent pulverization process. The material rake roller accurately conveys the material, and the scraper anti-clogging design ensures smooth operation. The pulverized material is directionally conveyed to the collection box by the throwing roller. When the box is full, it can be automatically unloaded through the lifting structure driven by the electric guide rail. The entire process does not require manual intervention in multiple steps, greatly reducing the labor intensity of operators. Moreover, a single person can complete the entire operation of the equipment through the cab, making the operation threshold low and significantly improving the convenience and continuity of the operation. In terms of scene adaptation, the equipment adopts a narrow frame and tracked mobile structure, which can flexibly move through narrow experimental fields compared with traditional large coppicing equipment. It can easily cope with complex terrains such as soft sandy soil, avoiding crushing and damage to the experimental plots. It perfectly solves the problem of large equipment being unable to "enter or turn around" in small experimental areas. In terms of practicality and economy, the equipment has a simple and reasonable structural design, with clear functions for each component and efficient collaboration. The cutting blade adopts a detachable design, which is convenient for daily maintenance and replacement. It can effectively support the development of various small-area scientific research experiments such as grassland desertification control and shrub vegetation rejuvenation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 In this invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the side view structure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a partial internal structure of the frame in this invention; Figure 4 In this invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the side view structure; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cage, transmission rod, and adjusting groove in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the adjusting screw, vertical slide bar, and lever in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wire sleeve, guide slide, and crushing roller in this invention; Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the crushing chamber and the material rake roller in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a partial internal structure of the crushing chamber in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collection box and the L-shaped fixing frame in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting rod, connecting rod, and sliding rod in this invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding protrusion, the abutment plate, and the T-shaped groove in this invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the throwing roller, the cutting roller, and the guiding and cutting roller in this invention; Figure 14 In this invention Figure 7 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the diagram; Figure 15 In this invention Figure 11 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the diagram.

[0018] In the picture: 1. Frame; 2. Cab; 3. Tracks; 4. U-shaped adjusting frame; 5. Mounting sleeve; 6. Cutting blade; 7. Mounting plate; 8. Lever; 9. Spiral feed rod; 10. Vertical slide bar; 11. Helical gear one; 12. Transmission rod; 13. Helical gear two; 14. Adjusting groove; 15. Adjusting screw; 16. Adjusting slider; 17. Sliding rod; 18. Detection clearance plate; 19. Servo motor one; 20. First pulley transmission group; 21. Rotating shaft; 22. Crushing roller; 23. U-shaped slide; 24. Reciprocating screw; 25. Screw sleeve; 26. Guide slide; 27. Guide slide block; 28. Crushing chamber; 2 9. Feeding port; 30. Discharge port; 31. Servo motor II; 32. Cutting roller; 33. Discharge roller; 34. Gear I; 35. Gear II; 36. Guide cutting roller; 37. Second pulley drive group; 38. Material rake roller; 39. Scraper groove; 40. Sprocket drive group; 41. L-shaped fixed frame; 42. Electric guide rail; 43. Connecting rod; 44. L-shaped hollow slide block; 45. Lifting rod; 46. Slide rod; 47. L-shaped connecting rod; 48. Strip clearance groove; 49. Fixed sliding column; 50. Sliding protrusion; 51. T-shaped strip groove; 52. Abutment plate; 53. Clearance groove; 54. Collection box; 55. Retainer. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example: Figures 1-15 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a small self-propelled shrub coppicing crushing and collection integrated machine suitable for small experimental areas, including a frame 1, a driver's cab 2 installed on the frame 1, and a track 3 installed at the bottom of the frame 1 for movement. The frame 1 is equipped with a U-shaped adjustment frame 4. Two mounting sleeve rods 5 are symmetrically rotated on the surface of the U-shaped adjustment frame 4. Cutting blades 6 for cutting shrubs can be detachably installed on the outer bottom of the two mounting sleeve rods 5. The height of the two cutting blades 6 can be automatically adjusted according to the flatness of the plot. Inside the frame 1 and on one side of the cutting blade 6, a material rake roller 38, a crushing chamber 28, and a collection box 54 are arranged in sequence. The surface of the crushing chamber 28 is provided with a feeding port 29 and a throwing port 30. The material rake roller 38 is used to convey the cut shrubs to the feeding port 29. A cutting roller 32 is rotatably installed inside the crushing chamber 28. The cutting roller 32 is used to collect and crush the shrubs conveyed by the material rake roller 38. A throwing roller 33 is rotatably installed inside the throwing port 30. The throwing roller 33 is used to throw the material crushed by the cutting roller 32 along the throwing port 30 into the collection box 54. The material discharge port 30 of the crushing chamber 28 is provided with a scraper groove 39 that is adapted to the shape of the material rake roller 38. The scraper groove 39 is used to scrape the shrubs wrapped around the adjacent rake teeth on the material rake roller 38.

[0021] A vertical slide rod 10 is vertically slidably connected inside the mounting sleeve 5. A helical gear 11 is fixedly installed at one end of the vertical slide rod 10. A transmission rod 12 is rotatably installed inside the frame 1. A helical gear 13 is installed on the transmission rod 12 and meshes with the helical gear 11. A retainer 55 is rotatably connected to the surface of the vertical slide rod 10. The other side of the retainer 55 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the transmission rod 12. A servo motor 19 is fixedly installed on one side of the frame 1. The output end of the servo motor 19 extends into the frame 1 and is connected to one end of the transmission rod 12.

[0022] Multiple spiral feeding rods 9 are evenly distributed in a ring on the outer surface of the mounting sleeve 5. The spiral feeding rods 9 are used to pull the shrub closer to the cutting plate 6. The bottom end of the mounting sleeve 5 is fixed with a mounting plate 7. Multiple levers 8 for pressing the shrub's rootstock are installed on the bottom surface of the mounting plate 7.

[0023] A sliding rod 17 is slidably connected to the surface of the U-shaped adjustment frame 4. A detection relief plate 18 for detecting land flatness is installed at the bottom end of the sliding rod 17. The length of the detection relief plate 18 is greater than the diameter of the cutting disc 6, and the detection relief plate 18 is boat-shaped. An adjustment screw 15 is rotatably connected to the surface of the U-shaped adjustment frame 4. One end of the adjustment screw 15 passes through the U-shaped adjustment frame 4 and is threaded into the sliding rod 17.

[0024] An adjusting slider 16 is fixedly installed on the surface of the U-shaped adjusting frame 4. An adjusting groove 14 adapted to the adjusting slider 16 is opened on the inner side wall of the frame 1. The U-shaped adjusting frame 4 is slidably connected to the frame 1 through the adjusting slider 16 and the adjusting groove 14.

[0025] A rotating shaft 21 is rotatably connected inside the frame 1 and between the cutting blade 6 and the material rake roller 38. A crushing roller 22 is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 21. A clearance groove 53 is opened on the surface of the rotating shaft 21 along its own axis. The crushing roller 22 is laterally slidably connected to the surface of the rotating shaft 21. A reciprocating screw 24 is rotatably connected inside the frame 1 and on one side of the rotating shaft 21. A threaded sleeve 25 is threaded on the surface of the reciprocating screw 24. A U-shaped slide 23 is fixed on the surface of the threaded sleeve 25. The U-shaped slide 23 is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 21, and the crushing roller 22 is located inside the U-shaped slide 23. The rotating shaft 21, the reciprocating screw 24 and the transmission rod 12 are connected by a first pulley transmission group 20.

[0026] A guide slide 26 is fixed to the surface of the threaded sleeve 25, and a guide slide 27 is slidably connected to the top of the guide slide 26. The guide slide 27 is fixedly installed on the inner top of the frame 1.

[0027] Two guide cutting rollers 36 are rotatably connected inside the crushing chamber 28 and near the feeding port 29. Gear 1 34 and gear 2 35 are respectively installed on the outer side of the same end roller shaft of the two guide cutting rollers 36. Gear 1 34 and gear 2 35 mesh with each other. The same end roller shafts of one guide cutting roller 36, cutting roller 32 and throwing roller 33 are connected by a sprocket drive group 40. The same end roller shafts of the other guide cutting roller 36 and material rake roller 38 are connected by a second belt drive group 37. A servo motor 2 31 for driving the cutting roller 32 to rotate is fixedly installed on one side of the frame 1.

[0028] An L-shaped fixing frame 41 is fixedly installed at the end of the frame 1. An electric guide rail 42 is fixedly installed on one side of the L-shaped fixing frame 41. A connecting rod 43 slides on the outer surface of the electric guide rail 42. An abutment plate 52 is fixed to one end of the connecting rod 43 that passes through the L-shaped fixing frame 41. A lifting rod 45 is slidably connected to the surface of the L-shaped fixing frame 41. A strip-shaped clearance groove 48 is opened on the surface of the lifting rod 45. A fixed sliding column 49 is slidably connected in the strip-shaped clearance groove 48. The fixed sliding column 49 is fixedly installed on the surface of the L-shaped fixing frame 41. A sliding rod 46 is fixed to one side of the top of the lifting rod 45. An L-shaped hollow sliding seat 44 slides on the outside of the sliding rod 46. The L-shaped hollow sliding seat 44 is fixedly installed on the surface of the L-shaped fixing frame 41. One end of the lifting rod 45 that passes through the L-shaped fixing frame 41 abuts against the surface of the abutment plate 52. An L-shaped connecting rod 47 is fixed to the surface of the lifting rod 45. The L-shaped connecting rod 47 is connected to the collection box 54.

[0029] The lifting rod 45 passes through one end of the L-shaped fixing frame 41 and is fixed with a sliding protrusion 50. The sliding protrusion 50 is slidably connected in the T-shaped groove 51 opened on the surface of the abutment plate 52.

[0030] The working principle and usage process of this invention: When using this small self-propelled shrub coppicing crushing and collection integrated machine suitable for small experimental areas, the operator enters the cab 2 to start the equipment. The track 3 at the bottom of the frame 1 is driven to rotate by the power system, which drives the equipment to move at low speed in the small experimental area. The upward rotating structure of the track 3 ensures the passability and turning flexibility of soft sand and narrow fields. In use, the operator rotates the adjusting screw 15 on the surface of the U-shaped adjusting frame 4 using a tool. Since the end of the adjusting screw 15 that passes through the U-shaped adjusting frame 4 is threadedly connected to the sliding rod 17, and the sliding rod 17 is slidably connected to the U-shaped adjusting frame 4 (cannot rotate), the rotational motion of the adjusting screw 15 is converted into the vertical linear motion of the sliding rod 17 along the U-shaped adjusting frame 4. When the sliding rod 17 moves vertically, the detection clearance plate 18 connected to its bottom end rises and falls together, thereby changing the relative height between the detection clearance plate 18 and the cutting disc 6. When the adjusting screw 15 is rotated clockwise, the sliding rod 17 moves downward, the detection clearance plate 18 moves closer to the cutting disc 6, and the stubble height decreases. When the adjusting screw 15 is rotated counterclockwise, the sliding rod 17 moves upward, the detection clearance plate 18 moves away from the cutting disc 6, and the stubble height increases, until it is adjusted to the preset target height. Servo motor 19 starts, its output end extends into the frame 1 and is rigidly connected to one end of transmission rod 12, driving transmission rod 12 to rotate, causing helical gear 13 fixed on transmission rod 12 to rotate with the rod, meshing with helical gear 11 at the top of vertical slide rod 10, converting horizontal rotation into vertical rotation, driving vertical slide rod 10 and the mounting sleeve 5 at the lower end to rotate synchronously. The spiral feeding rods 9, evenly distributed in a ring on the outer surface of the mounting sleeve 5, rotate with the rod. Utilizing the "pushing" property of the spiral structure, they gather the surrounding shrubs towards the center of the mounting sleeve 5 (i.e., the position of the cutting blade 6). At the same time, multiple levers 8 on the mounting plate 7 at the bottom of the mounting sleeve 5 rotate synchronously, dislodging the roots and stems of the shrubs to prevent them from touching the ground and becoming uncut. This further assists the shrubs in gathering towards the cutting blade 6. The detachable cutting blade 6 at the bottom of the mounting sleeve 5 rotates at high speed with the rod to cut the gathered shrubs. When the equipment moves, the detection clearance plate 18 (boat-shaped, with a length greater than the diameter of the cutting blade 6) with a preset height is always in contact with the ground. When the ground bulges, the detection clearance plate 18 is lifted up, causing the sliding rod 17 to slide upward along the U-shaped adjustment frame 4. When the ground sags, the detection clearance plate 18 descends with gravity, causing the sliding rod 17 to slide downward. The sliding of the sliding rod 17 is transmitted to the U-shaped adjustment frame 4 through the adjusting screw 15, causing the adjusting slider 16 on the surface of the U-shaped adjustment frame 4 to slide vertically along the adjusting groove 14 on the inner side of the frame 1. This drives the mounting sleeve 5 and the cutting blade 6 to rise and fall synchronously, compensating for the height deviation caused by the undulation of the ground, ensuring the continuous and stable cutting action. And with the undulation of the ground, it ultimately drives the mounting sleeve 5 and the cutting blade 6 to rise and fall synchronously, realizing the adaptive adjustment of the cutting height. The retainer 55 between the vertical slide bar 10 and the transmission rod 12 ensures that the helical gear 11 and the helical gear 2 13 always remain in mesh, and the power transmission is uninterrupted; When the transmission rod 12 rotates, the pulley at one end of it synchronously drives the rotating shaft 21 and the reciprocating screw 24 to rotate through the first pulley transmission group 20 (including the driving pulley, the driven pulley, and the transmission belt).

[0031] The rotating shaft 21 drives the outer crushing roller 22 to rotate around the shaft. At the same time, the thread sleeve 25 on the surface of the reciprocating screw 24, due to the threaded engagement, makes a reciprocating linear motion along the axis of the reciprocating screw 24, which drives the U-shaped slide 23 on the surface of the thread sleeve 25 to move back and forth synchronously. The crushing roller 22 is embedded in the U-shaped slide 23 and slides along the relief groove 53 on the surface of the rotating shaft 21 while moving with the U-shaped slide 23. Finally, the combined action of rotating around the shaft and moving back and forth along the shaft is realized. The combined action of the crushing roller 22 fully tears, squeezes and crushes the shrubs cut by the cutting blade 6. At the same time, the guide slide 26 on the thread sleeve 25 is embedded in the guide slide 27 at the top of the frame 1 and slides synchronously with the thread sleeve 25 to ensure the linearity and stability of the movement of the U-shaped slide 23 and prevent the crushing roller 22 from deviating. Servo motor 31 on one side of frame 1 starts, and its output end is rigidly connected to one end of cutting roller 32, driving cutting roller 32 to rotate. The sprocket at one end of cutting roller 32 drives one of the material guide cutting rollers 36 in crushing chamber 28 to rotate through sprocket transmission group 40 (including driving sprocket, driven sprocket and chain). Gear 34 and gear 35 at the same end of the two material guide cutting rollers 36 mesh with each other. When one material guide cutting roller 36 rotates, it drives the other material guide cutting roller 36 to rotate synchronously in the opposite direction, forming a counter-clamping conveying structure. One of the guide cutting rollers 36 has a pulley at one end that drives the material rake roller 38 to rotate through the second pulley transmission group 37 (including the driving pulley, the driven pulley, and the transmission belt). The rake teeth on the material rake roller 38 rake the initially crushed shrubs toward the feeding port 29 of the crushing chamber 28. At the same time, the scraper groove 39 at the feeding port 29 of the crushing chamber 28 fits into the gap of the rake teeth of the material rake roller 38 to scrape off the tangled shrubs and prevent material blockage. After the material enters the crushing chamber 28 through the feeding port 29, it is sheared by the high-speed rotating cutting roller 32 and the inner wall of the crushing chamber 28, crushing the shrubs into short pieces. When the cutting roller 32 rotates, the sprocket drive group 40 synchronously drives the throwing roller 33 in the throwing port 30 to rotate. The crushed material in the crushing bin 28 falls onto the surface of the throwing roller 33 under the action of the cutting and throwing force of the cutting roller 32. The blades on the throwing roller 33 throw the crushed material out along the inclined direction of the throwing port 30 and accurately fall into the collection box 54 to complete the centralized collection. When the collection box 54 is full, the operator starts the electric guide rail 42 on the L-shaped fixing frame 41. The slider of the electric guide rail 42 drives the connecting rod 43 to move along the guide rail. The abutment plate 52 at one end of the connecting rod 43 moves with the slider, contacts the bottom end of the lifting rod 45 and pushes it to move upward. At the same time, the sliding protrusion 50 at the bottom end of the lifting rod 45 is inserted into the T-shaped groove 51 on the surface of the abutment plate 52 and slides to prevent the lifting rod 45 from separating from the abutment plate 52.

[0032] The slide bar 46 on the surface of the lifting rod 45 is embedded in the L-shaped hollow slide block 44 and slides along the L-shaped hollow slide block 44 as the lifting rod 45 moves. At the same time, the strip-shaped clearance groove 48 on the lifting rod 45 slides along the fixed slide post 49 on the surface of the L-shaped fixed frame 41 to guide the movement trajectory of the lifting rod 45 and prevent deviation. The L-shaped connecting rod 47 at the top of the lifting rod 45 is connected to the side wall of the collection box 54. As the lifting rod 45 moves, it causes the collection box 54 to flip upward. When the collection box 54 tilts to a specified angle, the crushed material is automatically poured out. After unloading, the reverse operation can be used to reset it.

[0033] Through the step-by-step linkage of the above components, this integrated machine realizes the fully automated operation of shrub pruning, crushing, pulverizing and collecting in a small experimental area, which not only meets the precision requirements of scientific research experiments, but also greatly improves the efficiency of operation and the convenience of material handling.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A small self-propelled shrub coppicing crushing and collection machine suitable for small experimental areas, comprising a frame (1), a cab (2) mounted on the frame (1), and tracks (3) mounted on the bottom of the frame (1) for movement. Its features are: The frame (1) is equipped with a U-shaped adjustment frame (4). Two mounting sleeves (5) are symmetrically rotated on the surface of the U-shaped adjustment frame (4). Cutting blades (6) for cutting shrubs can be detachably installed on the outer side of the bottom end of the two mounting sleeves (5). The height of the two cutting blades (6) can be adjusted according to the flatness of the plot. Inside the frame (1) and on one side of the cutting blade (6), a material rake roller (38), a crushing chamber (28), and a collection box (54) are arranged in sequence. The surface of the crushing chamber (28) is provided with a feeding port (29) and a throwing port (30). The material rake roller (38) is used to transport the cut shrubs to the feeding port (29). A cutting roller (32) is rotatably installed inside the crushing chamber (28). The cutting roller (32) is used to collect and crush the shrubs transported by the material rake roller (38). A throwing roller (33) is rotatably installed inside the throwing port (30). The throwing roller (33) is used to throw the material crushed by the cutting roller (32) into the collection box (54) along the throwing port (30). The material discharge port (30) of the crushing chamber (28) is provided with a scraper groove (39) that is adapted to the shape of the material rake roller (38). The scraper groove (39) is used to scrape the shrubs wrapped around the adjacent rake teeth on the material rake roller (38).

2. The small self-propelled shrub coppicing, crushing, and collecting integrated machine suitable for small experimental areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting sleeve (5) is vertically slidably connected to a vertical slide rod (10). One end of the vertical slide rod (10) is fixedly mounted with a helical gear (11). A transmission rod (12) is rotatably mounted inside the frame (1). A helical gear (13) is mounted on the transmission rod (12). The helical gear (13) meshes with the helical gear (11). A retainer (55) is rotatably connected to the surface of the vertical slide rod (10). The other side of the retainer (55) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the transmission rod (12). A servo motor (19) is fixedly mounted on one side of the frame (1). The output end of the servo motor (19) extends into the frame (1) and is connected to one end of the transmission rod (12).

3. The small self-propelled shrub coppicing, crushing, and collecting integrated machine suitable for small experimental areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the mounting sleeve (5) is evenly equipped with multiple spiral feeding rods (9) in a ring. The spiral feeding rods (9) are used to lift the shrubs close to the cutting plate (6). The bottom end of the mounting sleeve (5) is fixed with a mounting plate (7). The bottom surface of the mounting plate (7) is equipped with multiple levers (8) for pressing the roots and stems of the shrubs.

4. The small self-propelled shrub coppicing, crushing, and collecting integrated machine suitable for small experimental areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the U-shaped adjustment frame (4) is slidably connected to a sliding rod (17). The bottom end of the sliding rod (17) is equipped with a detection relief plate (18) for detecting the flatness of the land. The length of the detection relief plate (18) is greater than the diameter of the cutting disc (6), and the detection relief plate (18) is boat-shaped. The surface of the U-shaped adjustment frame (4) is rotatably connected to an adjustment screw (15). One end of the adjustment screw (15) passes through the U-shaped adjustment frame (4) and is threaded into the sliding rod (17).

5. The small self-propelled shrub coppicing, crushing, and collecting integrated machine suitable for small experimental areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The U-shaped adjustment frame (4) is fixedly mounted with an adjustment slider (16), and the inner side wall of the frame (1) is provided with an adjustment groove (14) that matches the adjustment slider (16). The U-shaped adjustment frame (4) is slidably connected to the frame (1) through the adjustment slider (16) and the adjustment groove (14).

6. The small self-propelled shrub coppicing crushing and collection integrated machine suitable for small experimental areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rotating shaft (21) is rotatably connected inside the frame (1) between the cutting blade (6) and the material rake roller (38). A crushing roller (22) is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft (21). A clearance groove (53) is opened on the surface of the rotating shaft (21) along its own axis. The crushing roller (22) is laterally slidably connected to the surface of the rotating shaft (21). A reciprocating screw (24) is rotatably connected inside the frame (1) on one side of the rotating shaft (21). A threaded sleeve (25) is threaded on the surface of the reciprocating screw (24). A U-shaped slide (23) is fixed on the surface of the threaded sleeve (25). The U-shaped slide (23) is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft (21), and the crushing roller (22) is located inside the U-shaped slide (23). The rotating shaft (21), the reciprocating screw (24), and the transmission rod (12) are connected by a first pulley transmission group (20).

7. The small self-propelled shrub coppicing crushing and collection integrated machine suitable for small experimental areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The surface of the threaded sleeve (25) is fixed with a guide slide (26), and the top of the guide slide (26) is slidably connected with a guide slide (27), which is fixedly installed on the inner top of the frame (1).

8. The small self-propelled shrub coppicing crushing and collection integrated machine suitable for small experimental areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two guide cutting rollers (36) are rotatably connected inside the crushing chamber (28) and near the feeding port (29). Gear 1 (34) and gear 2 (35) are respectively installed on the outer side of the same end roller shaft of the two guide cutting rollers (36). Gear 1 (34) and gear 2 (35) mesh with each other. The same end roller shaft of one of the guide cutting rollers (36), the cutting roller (32) and the throwing roller (33) are connected by a sprocket drive group (40). The same end roller shaft of the other guide cutting roller (36) and the material rake roller (38) are connected by a second belt drive group (37). A servo motor 2 (31) for driving the cutting roller (32) to rotate is fixedly installed on one side of the frame (1).

9. The small self-propelled shrub coppicing, crushing, and collecting integrated machine suitable for small experimental areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: An L-shaped bracket (41) is fixedly installed at the end of the frame (1). An electric guide rail (42) is fixedly installed on one side of the L-shaped bracket (41). A connecting rod (43) slides on the outer surface of the electric guide rail (42). An abutment plate (52) is fixed to one end of the connecting rod (43) that passes through the L-shaped bracket (41). A lifting rod (45) is slidably connected to the surface of the L-shaped bracket (41). A strip-shaped clearance groove (48) is formed on the surface of the lifting rod (45). A fixed sliding column (49) is slidably connected in the strip-shaped clearance groove (48). The fixed sliding column (49) is fixedly installed on the surface of the L-shaped fixed frame (41). A sliding rod (46) is fixed on one side of the top of the lifting rod (45). An L-shaped hollow sliding seat (44) slides on the outside of the sliding rod (46). The L-shaped hollow sliding seat (44) is fixedly installed on the surface of the L-shaped fixed frame (41). One end of the lifting rod (45) that passes through the L-shaped fixed frame (41) abuts against the surface of the abutment plate (52). An L-shaped connecting rod (47) is fixed on the surface of the lifting rod (45). The L-shaped connecting rod (47) is connected to the collection box (54).

10. The small self-propelled shrub coppicing, crushing, and collecting integrated machine suitable for small experimental areas according to claim 9, characterized in that: The lifting rod (45) has a sliding protrusion (50) fixed at one end through the L-shaped fixing frame (41), and the sliding protrusion (50) is slidably connected in the T-shaped groove (51) opened on the surface of the abutment plate (52).

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