Self-adaptive adjustment fire-fighting tank auxiliary fire extinguishing device for safety engineering
The adaptive fire extinguishing tank auxiliary fire extinguishing device uses the cooperation of the guide cone and the core plate to switch between mist and column spray. Combined with the buffer mechanism to stabilize the spray pressure, it solves the problem of poor adaptability of existing handheld fire extinguishers and improves the convenience and safety of fire fighting operations.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 李维龙
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-21
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
Existing handheld fire extinguishers cannot adjust the spray range according to the scale and type of fire, have poor adaptability, are difficult to flexibly deal with various complex fire situations, and cannot achieve efficient and accurate initial fire suppression.
An adaptively adjustable fire tank auxiliary fire extinguishing device was designed. Through the cooperation of the guide cone and the core plate, it can flexibly switch between mist and column spray modes. Combined with the buffer mechanism to stabilize the spray pressure, the auxiliary mechanism is easy to operate and avoids personal injury.
It enables flexible switching of spray modes according to the fire situation, improves the applicability and safety of the fire extinguishing device, extends the service life of components, reduces operational risks, and enhances the convenience and safety of fire fighting operations.
Smart Images
Figure CN121891740A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire protection technology, and in particular to an adaptively adjustable fire tank auxiliary fire extinguishing device for safety engineering. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of safety engineering, fire extinguishing devices are core equipment for preventing and dealing with fire hazards and ensuring the safety of people's lives and property. Among them, handheld fire extinguishers are widely used in the initial fire fighting of various scenarios such as industrial plants, commercial buildings, and underground spaces due to their convenient operation and flexible carrying. They are an indispensable and important part of the fire prevention and control system of safety engineering.
[0003] However, existing handheld fire extinguishers can only achieve a single extinguishing agent output mode in actual use. They cannot adjust the spray range according to the actual scale and type of fire, resulting in poor adaptability. They are often unable to flexibly deal with various complex fire situations and cannot achieve efficient and accurate initial fire suppression.
[0004] In view of this, this paper studies and improves upon existing problems, and provides an adaptively adjustable fire extinguishing device for fire tanks used in safety engineering. The aim is to solve the problems and improve practical value through this technology. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and to propose an adaptively adjustable fire extinguishing device for fire tanks used in safety engineering.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an adaptively adjustable fire extinguishing device for fire tanks used in safety engineering, comprising a fire extinguishing tank and a spray pipe installed at one end of the fire extinguishing tank, wherein a nozzle is detachably installed at one end of the spray pipe, and a core plate is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the nozzle; The nozzle is equipped with an adjustment mechanism, which includes a threaded cylinder fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the spray tube. An adjustment sleeve is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the threaded cylinder. A movable frame is slidably inserted through the nozzle in the vertical direction. The top end of the movable frame abuts against the bottom end of the adjustment sleeve. The bottom end of the movable frame extends into the interior of the nozzle. A spring A is sleeved on the outer wall of the movable frame. A connecting rod is fixed to the bottom end of the movable frame. A guide cone is fixed to one end of the connecting rod that passes through the core plate. The guide cone is correspondingly set with the core hole on the surface of the core plate. The nozzle is provided with a buffer mechanism on its outer side. The buffer mechanism includes a buffer cylinder installed on the outer wall of the nozzle. A buffer piston slides inside the buffer cylinder. A spring B is fixed between the inner wall of the buffer cylinder and one side of the buffer piston. A switching mechanism is provided below the core board. The switching mechanism includes a vertical rod fixedly connected to the bottom end of the core board. A sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the vertical rod. A sliding rod is slidably inserted inside the sleeve. A baffle is fixed at the end of the sliding rod away from the vertical rod. A connecting pipe connects the buffer cylinder and the vertical rod. The outer wall of the fire extinguisher is equipped with an auxiliary mechanism.
[0007] Preferably, one end of the spring A abuts against the top of the nozzle, and the other end of the spring A abuts against one end of the movable frame.
[0008] Preferably, the upper part of the guide cone is circular, and the lower part of the guide cone is conical. The guide cone slides with the core plate, and the circular upper part of the guide cone is in contact with the bottom end of the core plate. The contact gap between the guide cone and the core plate can be adjusted as the connecting rod is raised or lowered.
[0009] Preferably, the baffles are arranged in two sets of staggered layers, and each set of baffles is set in an arc shape.
[0010] Preferably, a spring C is provided inside the vertical rod, with one end of the spring C abutting against the inner wall of the vertical rod and the other end of the spring C abutting against one end of the sliding rod.
[0011] Preferably, the auxiliary mechanism includes an annular frame fixedly fitted onto the outer wall of the fire extinguisher. Two sets of symmetrical connecting blocks are fixedly connected to the top of the annular frame. Each set of connecting blocks has a rotating plate rotatably mounted on the side of the fire extinguisher near the side wall. A pull rod is fixedly connected between the two sets of rotating plates. A locking block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating plate. Sliding grooves are provided on the side walls of the two sets of pull rods. A fixing plate is fitted onto the outer wall of the fire extinguisher. An insert rod slides between the two sets of sliding grooves. A mating hole is provided on the surface of the fixing plate. The fixing plate and the insert rod are inserted into each other.
[0012] Preferably, the outer wall of the annular frame is provided with a guide rod that slides along its vertical direction, the bottom end of the guide rod is movably connected to a support plate, the support plate is fixedly connected to the annular frame by a bracket, a sliding frame is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod, a spring D is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod, the spring D abuts against the sliding frame and the support plate respectively, a collar is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the injection pipe, and a hinge rod is rotatably connected between the collar and the sliding frame.
[0013] Preferably, the top end of the guide rod abuts against the outer wall of the locking block, and the locking block has an insertion hole adapted to the guide rod. The rotating plate rotates 90 degrees clockwise along the surface of the connecting block with the connecting block as the fulcrum, and the end of the guide rod can be inserted into the corresponding insertion hole on the locking block.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention reduces the distance between the guide cone and the core hole when the guide cone approaches the core plate surface, enhancing the guiding effect on the extinguishing agent flowing through the core hole, increasing the flow velocity and dispersion, thus achieving a mist-like spray mode. This is suitable for scenarios with large fire areas requiring precise coverage or prevention of fire spread. When the guide cone moves away from the core plate surface, the distance between the guide cone and the core hole increases, reducing the resistance of the extinguishing agent flowing through the core hole, increasing the flow rate and improving the spray concentration, thereby switching to a columnar spray mode. This is suitable for long-distance fire extinguishing scenarios. The flexible switching between mist and columnar spray modes adapts to various fire extinguishing scenarios, effectively improving the applicability of the fire tank auxiliary fire extinguishing device, facilitating quick adjustment operations by personnel in emergency fire situations, and further enhancing the convenience of fire protection operations in safety engineering.
[0015] 2. This invention employs a buffer cylinder, a buffer piston, and spring B to achieve pressure buffering and stabilization. When the extinguishing agent pressure increases, the pressure pushes the buffer piston to slide away from the nozzle, compressing spring B to generate a reverse elastic force, which counteracts the extinguishing agent pressure and weakens the impact caused by sudden pressure changes. When the pressure decreases, spring B releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the buffer piston back to its original position, sending some of the extinguishing agent in the buffer cylinder back to the nozzle, maintaining pressure stability. This effectively absorbs pressure shocks during the spraying process, preventing sudden pressure changes from damaging the nozzle, spray pipe, and other connecting parts, extending the service life of components, and reducing the risk of loosening and damage.
[0016] 3. In this invention, the rotating plate is rotated 90 degrees clockwise along the surface of the connecting block, and the end of the guide rod is inserted into the corresponding hole on the locking block. At the same time, the guide rod moves upward along the surface of the ring frame under the elastic potential energy of the spring D. After the guide rod moves upward, it forms a stable lock on the locking block, thereby simultaneously locking the rotating plate and the pull rod. After locking, the operator can hold the pull rod with one hand to stably support the fire extinguisher, and press the switch handle of the fire extinguisher with the other hand to perform the fire extinguishing operation. This effectively avoids the operator holding the spray pipe at close range, preventing personal injury caused by the hand being in dangerous areas such as flames and high temperatures, and improving the safety of fire extinguishing operations. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the nozzle structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the mobile frame of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the buffer cylinder and sleeve of the present invention; Figure 6 This is one of the partial structural schematic diagrams of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the auxiliary mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating plate flipping structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a second partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
[0018] Legend: 1. Fire extinguishing canister; 2. Spray pipe; 3. Nozzle; 41. Threaded cylinder; 42. Adjusting sleeve; 43. Moving frame; 44. Spring A; 45. Connecting rod; 46. Guide cone; 51. Buffer cylinder; 52. Buffer piston; 53. Spring B; 61. Vertical rod; 62. Sleeve; 63. Sliding rod; 64. Baffle; 65. Spring C; 66. Connecting pipe; 71. Ring frame; 72. Connecting block; 73. Rotating plate; 74. Pull rod; 75. Locking block; 76. Fixing plate; 77. Insert rod; 78. Guide rod; 79. Sliding frame; 710. Support plate; 711. Spring D; 712. Collar; 713. Hinge rod; 8. Core plate. Detailed Implementation
[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0020] See Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the present invention provides an adaptively adjustable fire extinguishing device for fire tanks used in safety engineering, including a fire tank 1 and a spray pipe 2 installed at one end of the fire tank 1. A nozzle 3 is detachably installed at one end of the spray pipe 2, and a core plate 8 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the nozzle 3. The nozzle 3 is equipped with an adjustment mechanism, which includes a threaded cylinder 41 fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the spray pipe 2. An adjustment sleeve 42 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the threaded cylinder 41. A movable frame 43 is slidably passed through the nozzle 3 in the vertical direction. The top end of the movable frame 43 abuts against the bottom end of the adjustment sleeve 42. The bottom end of the movable frame 43 extends into the interior of the nozzle 3. A spring A44 is sleeved on the outer wall of the movable frame 43. A connecting rod 45 is fixed to the bottom end of the movable frame 43. A guide cone 46 is fixed to one end of the connecting rod 45 that passes through the core plate 8. The guide cone 46 is correspondingly set with the core hole on the surface of the core plate 8. It should be noted that, for reference Figures 1 to 6As shown, when the staff adjusts the spraying method according to the fire situation, they manually rotate the adjusting sleeve 42. The adjusting sleeve 42 moves up and down axially along the surface of the threaded cylinder 41. The adjusting sleeve 42 will synchronously drive the moving frame 43 to move up and down. At this time, the spring A44 sleeved on the outer wall of the moving frame 43 will be compressed and generate a reverse elastic force. When the adjusting sleeve 42 moves upward, the elastic force of the spring A44 will push the moving frame 43 to return to its original position, thereby realizing the adjustment of the moving frame 43. The raising and lowering of the moving frame 43 will drive the guide cone 46 to rise and fall synchronously through the connecting rod 45. During the raising and lowering process, it will change the contact gap with the core plate 8 and the degree of obstruction of the core hole, thereby realizing the adjustment of the opening and closing size of the core hole. When the guide cone 46 approaches the surface of the core plate 8, it makes the guide cone 46 move up and down. The reduced distance between cone 46 and the core hole enhances the guiding effect on the extinguishing agent flowing through the core hole, increasing the flow velocity and dispersion, thus achieving a mist-like spray pattern. This is suitable for scenarios with large fire areas requiring precise coverage or prevention of fire spread. When the guide cone 46 moves away from the surface of the core plate 8, the distance between the guide cone 46 and the core hole increases, reducing the resistance of the extinguishing agent flowing through the core hole, increasing the flow rate and improving the spray concentration, thereby switching to a columnar spray pattern. This is suitable for long-distance fire extinguishing scenarios. The flexible switching between mist and columnar spray patterns adapts to various fire extinguishing scenarios, effectively improving the applicability of the fire tank auxiliary fire extinguishing device. It also facilitates quick adjustment operations by personnel in emergency fire situations, further enhancing the convenience of fire protection operations in safety engineering.
[0021] The nozzle 3 is provided with a buffer mechanism on the outside. The buffer mechanism includes a buffer cylinder 51 installed on the outer wall of the nozzle 3. A buffer piston 52 slides inside the buffer cylinder 51. A spring B53 is fixed between the inner wall of the buffer cylinder 51 and one side of the buffer piston 52. It should be noted that, for reference Figure 5As shown, when the spraying method changes, the throttling area of the core plate 8 changes suddenly, causing fluctuations in the internal pressure of the spray pipe 2 and the nozzle 3. At this time, the extinguishing agent pressure in the buffer cylinder 51 changes synchronously. When the pressure increases, the extinguishing agent pushes the buffer piston 52 to slide away from the nozzle 3. At this time, the buffer piston 52 compresses the spring B53, and the spring B53 undergoes elastic deformation and generates a reverse buffering force. This force cancels out the extinguishing agent pressure, thereby weakening the impact force caused by the sudden pressure change. When the extinguishing agent pressure in the nozzle 3 decreases, the compressed spring B53 releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the buffer piston 51. 2. The buffer piston 51 is reset to the side closest to the nozzle 3, pushing some of the extinguishing agent in the buffer cylinder 51 back into the nozzle 3, maintaining the stability of the extinguishing agent pressure in the nozzle 3, avoiding sudden pressure drops that could lead to abnormal spraying effects, and thus effectively absorbing the pressure shock during the extinguishing agent spraying process, preventing sudden pressure changes from damaging the nozzle 3, spray pipe 2 and other connecting parts, extending the service life of each component, and reducing the risk of component loosening and damage; secondly, through the cooperation of the buffer piston 52 and the spring B53, the extinguishing agent pressure in the nozzle 3 can be stabilized, avoiding pressure fluctuations that could lead to abnormal spray flow and spray pattern, and ensuring the consistency of the extinguishing effect.
[0022] A switching mechanism is provided below the core board 8. The switching mechanism includes a vertical rod 61 fixedly connected to the bottom of the core board 8. A sleeve 62 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the vertical rod 61. A sliding rod 63 is slidably passed through the inside of the sleeve 62. A baffle 64 is fixed at the end of the sliding rod 63 away from the vertical rod 61. A connecting pipe 66 connects the buffer cylinder 51 and the vertical rod 61. It should be noted that, for reference Figures 5 to 6 As shown, when the injection method changes, the buffer piston 52 in the buffer mechanism will slide, thereby changing the pressure inside the buffer cylinder 51. When the pressure inside the buffer cylinder 51 increases, the buffer piston 52 compresses the gas inside the buffer cylinder 51. The gas is transported to the inside of the sleeve 62 through the connecting pipe 66. The gas will push the slide rod 63 to slide along the sleeve 62 towards the vertical rod 61. When the slide rod 63 slides, it will drive the end baffle 64 to contract synchronously, and at the same time compress the spring C65 inside the vertical rod 61, causing the spring C65 to undergo elastic deformation and store elastic potential energy. At this time, the two sets of staggered and stacked arc-shaped baffles 64 can... It can divert the mist-like extinguishing agent into a more uniform diffused spray, expanding the extinguishing coverage area and making it suitable for rapid suppression of large-area fires. When the extinguishing agent pressure in the nozzle 3 decreases, the pressure in the buffer cylinder 51 decreases simultaneously, the thrust inside the vertical rod 61 disappears, the compressed spring C65 releases its elastic potential energy, and pushes the slide rod 63 to reset along the sleeve 62 in a direction away from the vertical rod 61, thereby driving the two sets of staggered and stacked baffles 64 to unfold. At this time, the unfolded baffles 64 can keep the sprayed extinguishing agent in a concentrated columnar shape, further improving the spray force and spray distance of the extinguishing agent, and ensuring the impact and accuracy of long-distance fire extinguishing.
[0023] The outer wall of fire extinguisher 1 is equipped with an auxiliary mechanism.
[0024] In an optional embodiment, one end of spring A44 abuts against the top of nozzle 3, and the other end of spring A44 abuts against one end of movable frame 43.
[0025] In an optional embodiment, the upper part of the flow guide cone 46 is circular, and the lower part of the flow guide cone 46 is conical. The flow guide cone 46 slides with the core plate 8, and the circular upper part of the flow guide cone 46 is in contact with the bottom end of the core plate 8. The contact gap between the flow guide cone 46 and the core plate 8 can be adjusted by the raising and lowering of the connecting rod 45. The contact between the circular upper part and the bottom end of the core plate 8 can realize the controllable adjustment of the gap of the core hole. The conical lower part can guide the extinguishing agent flowing through the core hole.
[0026] In an optional embodiment, the baffles 64 are arranged in two sets of staggered layers, and each set of baffles 64 is arranged in an arc shape.
[0027] In an optional embodiment, a spring C65 is provided inside the vertical rod 61, with one end of the spring C65 abutting against the inner wall of the vertical rod 61 and the other end of the spring C65 abutting against one end of the slide rod 63.
[0028] In an optional embodiment, the auxiliary mechanism includes an annular frame 71 fixedly fitted onto the outer wall of the fire extinguisher 1. Two sets of symmetrical connecting blocks 72 are fixedly connected to the top of the annular frame 71. A rotating plate 73 is rotatably provided on the side of each of the two sets of connecting blocks 72 near the side wall of the fire extinguisher 1. A pull rod 74 is fixedly connected between the two sets of rotating plates 73. A locking block 75 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating plate 73. A sliding groove is provided on the side wall of each of the two sets of pull rods 74. A fixing plate 76 is fitted onto the outer wall of the fire extinguisher 1. An insert rod 77 slides between the two sets of sliding grooves. A mating hole is provided on the surface of the fixing plate 76. The fixing plate 76 and the insert rod 77 are inserted into each other.
[0029] In an optional embodiment, the outer wall of the ring frame 71 is provided with a guide rod 78 that slides along its vertical direction. The bottom end of the guide rod 78 is movably connected to a support plate 710. The support plate 710 and the ring frame 71 are fixedly connected by a bracket. The outer wall of the guide rod 78 is fixedly fitted with a sliding frame 79. The outer wall of the guide rod 78 is fitted with a spring D711. The spring D711 abuts against the sliding frame 79 and the support plate 710 respectively. The outer wall of the spray pipe 2 is fixedly fitted with a collar 712. The collar 712 and the sliding frame 79 are rotatably connected by a hinge rod 713.
[0030] In an optional embodiment, the top end of the guide rod 78 abuts against the outer wall of the locking block 75. The locking block 75 has an insertion hole that matches the guide rod 78. The rotating plate 73 rotates 90 degrees clockwise along the surface of the connecting block 72 with the connecting block 72 as the fulcrum. The end of the guide rod 78 can then be inserted into the corresponding insertion hole on the locking block 75.
[0031] It should be noted that, for reference Figures 7 to 9 As shown, when staff need to take fire extinguisher 1 for fire extinguishing operations, they can directly hold the lever 74. The lever 74 is fixed between the two sets of rotating plates 73, which is convenient to hold and can stably control the taking and moving of fire extinguisher 1, thus improving the ease of operation. When preparing to carry out fire extinguishing operations, the staff holds the insertion rod 77 and moves it upward, causing the bottom end of the insertion rod 77 to disengage from the docking hole on the surface of the fixing plate 76, thereby releasing the limiting effect on the rotating plate 73. Then, using the connecting block 72 as the rotation fulcrum, the rotating plate 73 is rotated 90 degrees clockwise along the surface of the connecting block 72. At this time, the end of the guide rod 78 is inserted into the corresponding insertion hole on the locking block 75. At the same time, the guide rod 78 moves upward along the surface of the ring frame 71 under the action of the elastic potential energy of the spring D711. After the guide rod 78 moves upward, it forms a stable lock on the locking block 75, thereby simultaneously locking the rotating plate 73 and the pull rod 74. After locking, the staff can hold the pull rod 74 with one hand to stably support the fire extinguisher 1, and press the switch handle of the fire extinguisher 1 with the other hand to carry out fire extinguishing operations. This effectively avoids the staff holding the spray pipe 2 at close range, preventing personal injury caused by the hands being in dangerous areas such as flames and high temperatures, and improving the safety of fire extinguishing operations. Furthermore, as the guide rod 78 moves upward, it simultaneously drives the sliding frame 79 to move upward along the surface of the guide rod 78. When the sliding frame 79 moves upward, it pushes the hinge rod 713 to rotate. When the hinge rod 713 rotates, it drives the collar 712 and the spray pipe 2 to rotate synchronously at a certain angle. At the same time, when the sliding frame 79 moves to a certain position, combined with the limiting effect of the ring frame 71 on the sliding frame 79, the angle of the spray pipe 2 can be adjusted and fixed while locking the operation. There is no need to manually remove the spray pipe 2, which reduces the shaking and offset problems caused by manual operation and ensures that the nozzle 3 is accurately aimed at the fire area, which saves operation time and improves the spray stability.
[0032] Working principle: When staff need to take fire extinguisher 1 for fire extinguishing operations, they can directly hold the lever 74. The lever 74 is fixed between the two sets of rotating plates 73, which is convenient to hold and can stably control the taking and moving of fire extinguisher 1. When preparing to carry out fire extinguishing operations, the staff holds the insertion rod 77 and moves it upward, so that the bottom end of the insertion rod 77 disengages from the docking hole on the surface of the fixing plate 76, thereby releasing the limiting effect on the rotating plate 73. Then, using the connecting block 72 as the rotation fulcrum, the rotating plate 73 is rotated 90 degrees clockwise along the surface of the connecting block 72. At this time, the end of the guide rod 78 is inserted into the corresponding insertion hole on the locking block 75. At the same time, the guide rod 78 moves upward along the surface of the ring frame 71 under the action of the elastic potential energy of the spring D711. After the guide rod 78 moves upward, it forms a stable lock on the locking block 75, thereby simultaneously locking the rotating plate 73 and the pull rod 74. After locking, the staff can hold the pull rod 74 with one hand to stably support the fire extinguisher 1, and press the switch handle of the fire extinguisher 1 with the other hand to carry out fire extinguishing operations. Furthermore, as the guide rod 78 moves upward, it will simultaneously drive the sliding frame 79 to move upward along the surface of the guide rod 78. When the sliding frame 79 moves upward, it will push the hinge rod 713 to rotate. When the hinge rod 713 rotates, it will drive the collar 712 and the spray pipe 2 to rotate synchronously at a certain angle. At the same time, when the sliding frame 79 moves to a certain position, combined with the limiting effect of the ring frame 71 on the sliding frame 79, the angle of the spray pipe 2 can be adjusted and fixed while locking. When staff adjust the spraying method according to the fire situation, they manually rotate the adjusting sleeve 42. The adjusting sleeve 42 moves up and down axially along the surface of the threaded cylinder 41. The adjusting sleeve 42 simultaneously drives the moving frame 43 to move up and down. The movement of the moving frame 43 drives the guide cone 46 to move up and down synchronously through the connecting rod 45. During the movement, the gap between the guide cone 46 and the core plate 8 and the degree of obstruction of the core hole are changed, thereby adjusting the opening and closing size of the core hole. When the guide cone 46 is close to the surface of the core plate 8, the distance between the guide cone 46 and the core hole is reduced, the guiding effect on the extinguishing agent flowing through the core hole is enhanced, the flow rate is increased and the dispersion is improved, thus achieving a mist spraying method, which is suitable for scenarios with a large fire area that require precise coverage or prevention of fire spread. When the guide cone 46 is away from the surface of the core plate 8, the distance between the guide cone 46 and the core hole is increased, the resistance on the extinguishing agent flowing through the core hole is reduced, the flow rate is increased and the spray concentration is improved, thus switching to a columnar spraying method, which is suitable for long-distance fire extinguishing scenarios. When the spraying method changes, the throttling area of the core plate 8 changes suddenly, causing fluctuations in the internal pressure of the spray pipe 2 and the nozzle 3. At this time, the extinguishing agent pressure in the buffer cylinder 51 changes synchronously. When the pressure increases, the extinguishing agent pushes the buffer piston 52 to slide away from the nozzle 3. At this time, the buffer piston 52 squeezes the spring B53, and the spring B53 undergoes elastic deformation and generates a reverse buffering force. This force cancels out the extinguishing agent pressure, thereby weakening the impact force caused by the sudden pressure change. When the extinguishing agent pressure in the nozzle 3 decreases, the compressed spring B53 releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the buffer piston 52 to reset towards the nozzle 3, pushing some of the extinguishing agent in the buffer cylinder 51 back into the nozzle 3, and maintaining the stability of the extinguishing agent pressure in the nozzle 3. When the spray pattern changes, the buffer piston 52 in the buffer mechanism slides, thereby changing the pressure inside the buffer cylinder 51. When the pressure inside the buffer cylinder 51 increases, the buffer piston 52 squeezes the gas inside the buffer cylinder 51. The gas is transported to the inside of the sleeve 62 through the connecting pipe 66. The gas pushes the slide rod 63 to slide along the sleeve 62 towards the vertical rod 61. When the slide rod 63 slides, it will drive the end baffle 64 to retract synchronously. The two sets of staggered arc-shaped baffles 64 can divert the mist-like extinguishing agent into a more uniform diffused spray, expanding the extinguishing coverage area, which is suitable for the rapid suppression of large-area fires. When the extinguishing agent pressure in the nozzle 3 decreases, the pressure inside the buffer cylinder 51 decreases synchronously, the thrust inside the vertical rod 61 disappears, the compressed spring C65 releases its elastic potential energy, and pushes the slide rod 63 to reset along the sleeve 62 away from the vertical rod 61, thereby driving the two sets of staggered baffles 64 to unfold.
[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A fire extinguishing device for safety engineering that is adaptively adjustable, comprising a fire extinguishing tank (1) and a spray pipe (2) installed at one end of the fire extinguishing tank (1), characterized in that: One end of the spray pipe (2) is detachably equipped with a nozzle (3), and a core plate (8) is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the nozzle (3). The nozzle (3) is provided with an adjustment mechanism inside. The adjustment mechanism includes a threaded cylinder (41) fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the spray pipe (2). The outer wall of the threaded cylinder (41) is threadedly connected to an adjustment sleeve (42). The nozzle (3) is slidably traversed by a movable frame (43). The top end of the movable frame (43) abuts against the bottom end of the adjustment sleeve (42). The bottom end of the movable frame (43) extends into the interior of the nozzle (3). The outer wall of the movable frame (43) is sleeved with a spring A (44). The bottom end of the movable frame (43) is fixed with a connecting rod (45). One end of the connecting rod (45) that passes through the core plate (8) is fixed with a guide cone (46). The guide cone (46) is correspondingly set with the core hole on the surface of the core plate (8). The nozzle (3) is provided with a buffer mechanism on the outside. The buffer mechanism includes a buffer cylinder (51) installed on the outer wall of the nozzle (3). A buffer piston (52) slides inside the buffer cylinder (51). A spring B (53) is fixed between the inner wall of the buffer cylinder (51) and one side of the buffer piston (52). A switching mechanism is provided below the core plate (8). The switching mechanism includes a vertical rod (61) fixedly connected to the bottom end of the core plate (8). A sleeve (62) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the vertical rod (61). A sliding rod (63) is slidably inserted inside the sleeve (62). A baffle (64) is fixed at the end of the sliding rod (63) away from the vertical rod (61). A connecting pipe (66) is connected between the buffer cylinder (51) and the vertical rod (61). The outer wall of the fire extinguisher (1) is provided with an auxiliary mechanism.
2. The adaptively adjustable fire extinguishing device for fire tanks used in safety engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the spring A (44) abuts against the top of the nozzle (3), and the other end of the spring A (44) abuts against one end of the movable frame (43).
3. The adaptively adjustable fire extinguishing device for fire tanks used in safety engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the guide cone (46) is circular, and the lower part of the guide cone (46) is conical. The guide cone (46) slides with the core plate (8), and the circular upper part of the guide cone (46) is in contact with the bottom end of the core plate (8). The contact gap between the guide cone (46) and the core plate (8) can be adjusted by the lifting and lowering of the connecting rod (45).
4. The adaptively adjustable fire extinguishing device for fire tanks used in safety engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baffles (64) are arranged in two sets of staggered layers, and each set of baffles (64) is set in an arc shape.
5. The adaptively adjustable fire extinguishing device for fire tanks used in safety engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spring C (65) is provided inside the vertical rod (61). One end of the spring C (65) abuts against the inner wall of the vertical rod (61), and the other end of the spring C (65) abuts against one end of the slide rod (63).
6. The adaptively adjustable fire extinguishing device for fire tanks used in safety engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary mechanism includes an annular frame (71) fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the fire extinguisher (1). Two sets of symmetrical connecting blocks (72) are fixedly connected to the top of the annular frame (71). A rotating plate (73) is rotatably provided on the side of the two sets of connecting blocks (72) near the side wall of the fire extinguisher (1). A pull rod (74) is fixedly connected between the two sets of rotating plates (73). A locking block (75) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating plate (73). A sliding groove is provided on the side wall of the two sets of pull rods (74). A fixing plate (76) is sleeved on the outer wall of the fire extinguisher (1). A plug rod (77) slides between the two sets of sliding grooves. A mating hole is provided on the surface of the fixing plate (76). The fixing plate (76) and the plug rod (77) are inserted into each other.
7. The adaptively adjustable fire extinguishing device for fire tanks used in safety engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer wall of the ring frame (71) is provided with a guide rod (78) that slides along its vertical direction. The bottom end of the guide rod (78) is movably connected to a support plate (710). The support plate (710) and the ring frame (71) are fixedly connected by a bracket. The outer wall of the guide rod (78) is fixedly fitted with a sliding frame (79). The outer wall of the guide rod (78) is fitted with a spring D (711). The spring D (711) abuts against the sliding frame (79) and the support plate (710) respectively. The outer wall of the spray pipe (2) is fixedly fitted with a collar (712). The collar (712) and the sliding frame (79) are rotatably connected by a hinge rod (713).
8. The adaptively adjustable fire extinguishing device for fire tanks used in safety engineering according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top end of the guide rod (78) abuts against the outer wall of the locking block (75). The locking block (75) has a socket that matches the guide rod (78). The rotating plate (73) rotates 90 degrees clockwise along the surface of the connecting block (72) with the connecting block (72) as the pivot point. The end of the guide rod (78) can be inserted into the socket on the locking block (75).