A barium carbonate synthesis reactor

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of inorganic compound preparation, and especially relates to a barium carbonate synthesis reactor, which comprises a double-cone shell, a first conical cover, a second conical cover and an adjusting shaft, wherein a plurality of gas blocking blocks are arranged in a circumferential annular array between the second conical cover and the first conical cover, one side of each gas blocking block in the circumferential direction is provided with an inclined flow guide surface, the other side is provided with a sliding groove, and a matching block is slidably arranged in the inner side of the sliding groove; the gas blocking block is fixedly connected to the second conical cover, the matching block is fixedly connected to the first conical cover, one side of the matching block away from the sliding groove is provided with an inclined matching surface, and a gas outlet gap is formed between the matching surface and the flow guide surface; the adjusting shaft is arranged at the bottom of the double-cone shell and is used for driving the second conical cover to rotate so as to adjust the geometric width of the gas outlet gap. The gap adjusting structure of the present application adopts a rotary linkage type mechanical design, has a simple structure, a small number of components and no complex transmission mechanism, thereby not only reducing the manufacturing cost, but also simplifying the post-disassembly, overhaul and maintenance process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of inorganic compound preparation technology, and in particular to a barium carbonate synthesis reactor. Background Technology

[0002] Nano-barium carbonate, as a key inorganic functional material in advanced petrochemical and chemical new material systems, is widely used in electronic ceramics, specialty glass, functional coatings, and engineering plastics. Different application scenarios have different requirements for the particle size of barium carbonate particles: some high-end applications (such as MLCCs and optical thin films) require small particle size products to achieve high density and excellent interfacial properties; while some industrial filling scenarios (such as heavy-duty coatings and plastic masterbatches) are more suitable for larger particle size products to optimize processing flowability and cost-effectiveness. Therefore, achieving flexible and controllable particle size in the synthesis process of barium carbonate has become an important technical direction for improving material adaptability and production flexibility.

[0003] In existing microchemical continuous preparation equipment, reaction channels with adjustable gap structures are commonly used to control product particle size. For example, the invention application CN119281277A discloses a microchemical continuous synthesis device for nano-barium sulfate / barium carbonate. Its core principle lies in controlling the dispersion scale of the dispersed phase in the continuous phase by changing the geometric width of the "gap structure" in the reaction channel, thereby affecting the nucleation and growth process and ultimately achieving the adjustment of product particle size.

[0004] As described above, the existing nano-barium carbonate synthesis equipment has a complex gap adjustment structure design, often including multi-level linkage mechanisms, precision sliding mating surfaces, screw drive components or rotation alignment systems. This results in a large number of equipment parts, a tightly nested structure, and high manufacturing costs. Moreover, once a mechanical failure occurs during use, the disassembly and repair process is cumbersome and the maintenance costs are high. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a barium carbonate synthesis reactor, whose gap adjustment structure adopts a rotary linkage mechanical design, which is simple in structure, has few parts, and no complex transmission mechanism. This not only reduces manufacturing costs, but also simplifies the subsequent disassembly, inspection and maintenance process, effectively solving the technical problems of cumbersome maintenance and high maintenance costs caused by the complex gap adjustment mechanism of existing nano-barium carbonate synthesis equipment.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows:

[0007] This invention provides a barium carbonate synthesis reactor, comprising a double-conical outer shell, a first conical shroud, a second conical shroud, and an adjusting shaft, wherein...

[0008] The second conical shroud is located inside the first conical shroud, and a gas input channel is formed between the two. The first conical shroud is fixed inside the upper part of the double-conical shell.

[0009] Multiple air-blocking blocks are arranged in a circumferential ring between the second conical cover and the first conical cover. Each air-blocking block has an inclined guide surface on one side of its circumference and a groove on the other side. A mating block is slidably embedded in the inner side of the groove.

[0010] The air baffle block is fixedly connected to the second conical cover, the mating block is fixedly connected to the first conical cover, and the mating block has an inclined mating surface on the side away from the slide groove, and an air outlet gap is formed between the mating surface and the guide surface;

[0011] The adjustment shaft is located at the bottom of the double-cone housing and is used to drive the second conical cover to rotate in order to adjust the geometric width of the air outlet gap.

[0012] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the double-conical outer shell includes a first conical shell and a second conical shell disposed at the bottom of the first conical shell, wherein...

[0013] The first conical cover is located inside the first conical shell, and a liquid input channel is formed between the first conical cover and the first conical shell;

[0014] The air outlet slit extends in an arc shape along the circumference of the first conical shroud, and its air jet direction is tangent to the inner wall of the second conical shell.

[0015] The bottom of the guide surface and the area adjacent to the outlet of the air gap are provided with a bubble breaking structure.

[0016] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the double-conical outer shell further includes a conical threaded ribbon, and a third conical cover is fixed to the bottom of the second conical cover, wherein...

[0017] The tapered helical ribbon is disposed between the third tapered cover and the second tapered shell, with its outer side fixedly connected to the inner sidewall of the second tapered shell and its inner side abutting against the outer sidewall of the third tapered cover;

[0018] A liquid output pipe is provided on one side of the bottom of the second conical shell, and the lower end of the conical spiral ribbon is located above the inlet of the liquid output pipe, and the upper end is located below the outlet of the air outlet gap;

[0019] The pitch of the conical spiral ribbon increases from top to bottom, and the direction of rotation is consistent with the direction of air jet from the air outlet slit.

[0020] The adjusting shaft is fixed vertically to the bottom of the third conical cover, and its lower end passes through the bottom of the second conical shell and is rotatably connected.

[0021] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the third conical cover has a flange circumferentially provided at its top, wherein...

[0022] The flange is embedded in the bottom of the second conical cover and fixedly connected.

[0023] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, a rotating seal is provided between the adjusting shaft and the second conical shell.

[0024] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, it also includes a handwheel and a worm gear mechanism located at the bottom of the double-cone housing, wherein,

[0025] The handwheel is connected to the lower end of the adjusting shaft via the worm gear mechanism.

[0026] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the worm gear mechanism includes a cage, a worm gear, a drive shaft, and a worm gear shaft, wherein,

[0027] The retainer is fixedly connected to the double-cone shell;

[0028] The worm gear is rotatably mounted on the inside of the cage via the drive shaft;

[0029] The worm gear shaft is fixed to the lower end of the adjusting shaft and meshes with the worm gear;

[0030] The drive shaft is provided with a pointer on its side, and the cage is provided with an angle scale marking along the circumference of the drive shaft on its side.

[0031] The handwheel is fixed to one end of the drive shaft.

[0032] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the side of the air-blocking block away from the second conical cover is an arc surface, the arc surface abuts against the inner side of the first conical cover, and the top of the air-blocking block is provided with a drainage slope.

[0033] The flow-guiding slope extends obliquely from the gas input channel toward the gas outlet gap.

[0034] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the side of the mating block away from the first conical cover is an arc surface, the arc surface abuts against the outer side of the second conical cover, and the bottom end of the mating block is horizontally aligned with the bottom end of the first conical cover.

[0035] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, a liquid inlet pipe is vertically arranged at the top of the first conical shell, and an air inlet pipe is vertically arranged at the top of the first conical cover.

[0036] The liquid input pipe is closed at the top and has a flange interface on the side for connecting to the feed pipe;

[0037] The air inlet pipe is located inside the liquid inlet pipe and extends upward through the liquid inlet pipe.

[0038] The barium carbonate synthesis reactor of the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0039] By setting up a first and second conical cover that can rotate relative to each other, and utilizing the sliding fit structure of the air baffle and the mating block to form an adjustable air vent gap, the gap width can be continuously adjusted simply by driving the adjustment shaft to rotate the second conical cover. This structure eliminates the multi-stage linkage mechanism, precision sliding mating surface, screw drive assembly or rotary alignment system found in traditional gap structures, significantly reducing the number of moving parts, substantially lowering manufacturing costs and assembly difficulty, while improving operational reliability, fundamentally simplifying the fault diagnosis and repair process, and resulting in extremely low maintenance costs.

[0040] By setting an exhaust slit that extends in an arc along the circumference of the first conical shroud, with its exhaust direction tangential to the inner wall of the second conical shell, a swirling flow field can be formed within the double-conical shell, effectively enhancing gas-liquid shearing and turbulent mixing intensity. Simultaneously, a bubble-breaking structure is placed at the bottom of the guide surface, which helps to enhance the bubble-breaking effect and improve mass transfer efficiency.

[0041] By setting a conical helical ribbon between the third conical shroud and the second conical shell, with the pitch of the helical ribbon increasing from top to bottom and the direction of rotation consistent with the jet direction, and in conjunction with the swirling flow field formed in the early stage of the gas outlet gap, the reaction liquid can be guided downward along the helical path, prolonging the residence time and avoiding radial short-circuiting and axial back-mixing, thus improving product quality. Simultaneously, the upper end of the conical helical ribbon is located below the gas outlet gap, and the lower end is higher than the liquid output pipe, forming a three-section flow field structure of "gas-liquid reaction zone - mixing transition zone - product outlet zone," avoiding short-circuiting and dead zones, further improving product quality.

[0042] By setting the pitch of the conical spiral ribbon to increase from top to bottom, a three-stage gradient flow field of "strong shear - moderate flow - weak disturbance" is formed in the mixing transition zone, further improving product quality. The upper section, near the gas outlet, has the smallest pitch and densest spiral ribbon. In this region, the bubble clusters are repeatedly sheared and collided by the high-speed swirling flow, achieving secondary breakage and high dispersion, thus enhancing nucleation density control. The middle section has a moderate pitch and stable flow velocity, providing a uniform growth environment for barium carbonate crystal nuclei and suppressing agglomeration or abrupt particle size changes caused by local supersaturation. The lower section has the largest pitch and wide channel, reducing fluid disturbance. Existing particles complete maturation and sedimentation in a gentle flow field, avoiding crystal destruction or uncontrolled particle size refinement caused by excessive shearing. Attached Figure Description

[0043] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a barium carbonate synthesis reactor according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a partial perspective view of a barium carbonate synthesis reactor according to the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a barium carbonate synthesis reactor according to the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional view of the second conical shield section;

[0048] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Exploded view;

[0049] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional view of the first conical shield section;

[0050] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the air baffle block and the mating block cooperate with each other.

[0051] In the diagram: 1. Double-cone outer shell; 2. First conical cover; 3. Second conical cover; 4. Adjusting shaft; 5. Handwheel; 6. Worm gear mechanism; 11. First conical shell; 12. Second conical shell; 13. Conical ribbon; 21. Mating block; 22. Air inlet pipe; 31. Air baffle block; 32. Third conical cover; 61. Cage; 62. Worm gear; 63. Drive shaft; 64. Worm gear shaft; 101. Gas input channel; 102. Air outlet gap; 103. Liquid input channel; 111. Liquid input pipe; 121. Liquid output pipe; 211. Mating surface; 311. Guide surface; 312. Slide groove; 313. Flow guide slope; 321. Flange; 611. Angle scale marking; 631. Pointer; 1111. Flange interface; 3111. Bubble breaking structure. Detailed Implementation

[0052] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0053] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0054] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0055] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0056] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0057] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of the invention. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples. Such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. Additionally, examples of various specific processes and materials are provided in this invention; however, those skilled in the art will recognize the applicability of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0058] like Figure 1-7 As shown, this invention discloses a barium carbonate synthesis reactor, suitable for continuous barium carbonate preparation systems, particularly for continuous nano-barium carbonate preparation systems. It can be directly connected in series to a continuous phase transport pipeline containing a barium ion solution, enabling rapid gas-liquid reaction under flowing conditions. The continuous phase introduced into the reactor is an aqueous solution containing barium ions, including but not limited to barium sulfide solution, barium hydroxide solution, or barium chloride solution. During solution transport, a dispersed phase, namely carbon dioxide gas, is simultaneously injected into the reactor. The carbon dioxide gas is sprayed into the liquid phase tangentially or in a swirling manner through an adjustable slit structure with a preset geometric width, forming a micron-sized bubble cluster, achieving efficient gas dispersion and rapid dissolution.

[0059] The barium carbonate synthesis reactor includes a double-cone shell 1, a first conical shroud 2, a second conical shroud 3, and an adjusting shaft 4. The second conical shroud 3 is located inside the first conical shroud 2, forming an annular gas input channel 101 between them. The first conical shroud 2 is fixed inside the upper part of the double-cone shell 1 and remains stationary. Multiple baffle blocks 31 are arranged in a circumferential annular array between the second conical shroud 3 and the first conical shroud 2. Each baffle block 31 has an inclined guide surface 311 on one side of its circumference to guide the airflow, and a groove 312 on the other side, with a mating block 21 slidably embedded inside the groove 312.

[0060] The air baffle 31 is fixedly connected to the second conical cover 3, and the mating block 21 is fixedly connected to the first conical cover 2. The mating block 21 has an inclined mating surface 211 on the side away from the slide groove 312. An air outlet gap 102 is formed between the mating surface 211 and the guide surface 311. The width of the gap changes as the second conical cover 3 rotates.

[0061] The adjusting shaft 4 is vertically installed at the bottom center of the double-cone outer shell 1. Its upper end is welded and fixedly connected to the bottom of the second conical cover 3, and its lower end is driven to rotate manually. When the adjusting shaft 4 rotates, it causes the air baffle block 31 to slide relative to the mating block 21, thereby adjusting the width of the air outlet gap 102, which is used to control the bubble size and reaction intensity.

[0062] This structure eliminates the multi-stage linkage mechanism, precision sliding mating surface, screw drive assembly or rotary alignment system in traditional equipment, greatly reducing the number of moving parts, significantly reducing manufacturing costs and assembly difficulty, while improving operational reliability, fundamentally simplifying the fault diagnosis and repair process, and resulting in extremely low maintenance costs.

[0063] Based on the above structure, the double-cone outer shell 1 consists of an upper first conical shell 11 and a lower second conical shell 12. The two are detachably connected by flanges and bolt fasteners, which not only facilitates on-site assembly and subsequent disassembly and maintenance of the equipment, but also makes it easier to clean, inspect, or replace components such as the conical ribbon 13 and the third conical cover 32. A corrosion-resistant sealing ring is provided between the mating flange faces of the first conical shell 11 and the second conical shell 12 to ensure a reliable static seal structure after connection, effectively preventing leakage of reaction liquids or gases under high pressure or continuous operation conditions, and ensuring the safety and stability of system operation.

[0064] The first conical shroud 2 is coaxially disposed inside the first conical shell 11, and its outer wall forms an annular liquid input channel 103 with the inner wall of the first conical shell 11 for continuously introducing a barium ion-containing solution. The gas outlet slit 102 extends in an arc shape along the circumference of the first conical shroud 2, and its jet direction is tangential to the inner wall of the second conical shell 12, so that the injected carbon dioxide gas induces a stable swirling flow field in the reaction chamber inside the double-conical shell 1, enhances the gas-liquid interface shearing and turbulent mixing intensity, and significantly improves the reaction rate and product quality.

[0065] Furthermore, a bubble-breaking structure 3111 is provided at the bottom of the guide surface 311 and in the region adjacent to the outlet of the gas vent 102. This structure includes one or more combinations of serrated cutting edge structure, needle array structure, stepped cross-section structure, and porous structure. When gas is ejected through the vent, the bubble-breaking structure 3111 cuts the gas flow, breaking the initial large bubbles into micron-sized bubble clusters. This increases the gas-liquid contact surface area, significantly enhancing the dissolution rate and mass transfer efficiency of carbon dioxide in the liquid phase. It also facilitates the control of barium carbonate nucleation density, contributing to the final acquisition of nanoscale products with narrow particle size distribution and relatively uniform morphology.

[0066] Based on the above structure, a third conical cover 32 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second conical cover 3, and a conical helical ribbon 13 is provided in the annular space between the third conical cover 32 and the second conical shell 12. The outer side of the helical ribbon is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the second conical shell 12, and remains stationary. The inner side of the helical ribbon abuts against the outer wall of the third conical cover 32, forming a continuous and leak-free spiral guide surface. Thus, the third conical cover 32, the conical helical ribbon 13, and the second conical shell 12 together constitute a closed spiral guide channel, guiding the reaction liquid downwards along a set path, avoiding radial short circuits and axial back mixing, and improving product quality.

[0067] The upper end of the conical spiral ribbon 13 is located below the outlet of the gas outlet 102, ensuring that the injected microbubble clusters can immediately and fully contact the downward liquid flow to form a highly efficient gas-liquid reaction zone. The lower end of the conical spiral ribbon 13 is higher than the inlet of the liquid output pipe 121 located at the bottom of the second conical shell 12, so that the reaction liquid is discharged only after the gas-liquid reaction and subsequent maturation process are completed, avoiding the premature discharge of unreacted materials or unmatured particles. Thus, a three-section functional flow field structure of "gas-liquid reaction zone - mixing transition zone - product discharge zone" is naturally formed from top to bottom inside the reactor, effectively eliminating flow dead zones, avoiding short circuits, and further improving product quality.

[0068] Furthermore, the pitch of the conical spiral ribbon 13 is designed to increase gradually from top to bottom, and its rotation direction is consistent with the jet direction of the gas outlet slit 102. This works in conjunction with the swirling flow field formed by the tangential jet in the earlier stage, ensuring that the reaction liquid is continuously subjected to co-current flow and shear disturbance during its downward movement. This design not only extends the effective residence time of the material in the reactor and enhances axial and radial mixing efficiency, but also constructs a gradient flow field of "strong shear - moderate flow - weak disturbance" through pitch variation. This achieves zoned control of the entire process of barium carbonate particle nucleation, growth, and maturation, thereby significantly optimizing the particle size distribution concentration and crystal morphology uniformity of the final product while improving reaction efficiency, resulting in higher product quality.

[0069] To accommodate the rotational adjustment requirements of the second conical cover 3, while ensuring the fixed installation of the conical helical ribbon 13 and the integrity of the flow channel, the third conical cover 32 and the conical helical ribbon 13 adopt a separable sliding engagement structure: the outer contour of the third conical cover 32 matches the inner surface of the conical helical ribbon 13, and during assembly, it can slide axially into the inner side of the conical helical ribbon 13. After engagement, the two remain in close contact, ensuring stable fluid flow along the spiral channel without bypass leakage or disturbance. This structure ensures the stability of the conical helical ribbon 13 as a fixed flow guiding element, while allowing the third conical cover 32 to rotate freely with the adjustment mechanism, achieving functional decoupling and improving system reliability and assembly flexibility.

[0070] The adjusting shaft 4 is vertically and coaxially fixed to the center of the bottom of the third conical cover 32, with its lower end penetrating the bottom of the second conical shell 12 and rotated via a bearing assembly. To ensure no leakage of reaction liquid or gas along the shaft during reactor operation, a rotating seal is provided between the adjusting shaft 4 and the through hole of the second conical shell 12. This rotating seal can be any mature dynamic sealing structure known in the art, such as a mechanical seal, packing seal, or magnetohydrodynamic seal, etc., and its specific structural form is not limited, as long as it meets the process requirements of pressure resistance, corrosion resistance, low friction, and long service life.

[0071] When the width of the air outlet gap 102 needs to be adjusted, the operator drives the adjustment shaft 4 to rotate, and the third conical cover 32 rotates synchronously. Through a rigid connection, it drives the second conical cover 3 to rotate, thereby causing the air baffle block 31 to slide relative to the mating block 21 along the slide groove 312, ultimately achieving continuous and stepless adjustment of the geometric width of the air outlet gap 102.

[0072] Based on the above structure, a ring-shaped flange 321 is integrally formed or welded to the top of the third conical cover 32. This flange 321 extends upwards and embeds into the corresponding ring-shaped groove at the bottom of the second conical cover 3. The two are rigidly connected by circumferential full welding or evenly distributed bolts, thus firmly combining the third conical cover 32 and the second conical cover 3 into one unit. The resulting "double-conical hollow cavity structure" not only ensures no relative displacement during rotational adjustment, improving the overall structural rigidity and operational stability, but also facilitates installation, disassembly, or replacement as a single module, significantly reducing maintenance complexity. Simultaneously, this integrated design avoids internal connection gaps or steps, reducing the risk of fluid disturbance and particle deposition, and ensuring the continuity and cleanliness of the reaction flow field.

[0073] Based on the above structure, a handwheel 5 and a worm gear mechanism 6 are provided on the outer bottom of the double-cone outer shell 1. The handwheel 5 is connected to the lower end of the adjusting shaft 4 via the worm gear mechanism 6. This structure facilitates the adjustment of the width of the air outlet gap 102.

[0074] The worm gear mechanism 6 includes a cage 61, a worm gear 62, a drive shaft 63, and a worm gear shaft 64. The cage 61 is welded and fixed to the outer bottom of the double-cone housing 1, forming the mounting base for the entire transmission system. The drive shaft 63 extends laterally through the cage 61, with bearings at both ends forming a rotating pair with the cage 61. The worm gear 62 is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the drive shaft 63 via a key connection or interference fit, and is located within the inner cavity of the cage 61, ensuring no axial movement during transmission. One end of the worm gear shaft 64 is rigidly connected coaxially to the lower end of the adjusting shaft 4 via a flange or coupling, and the other end meshes with the worm gear 62, forming a 90° steering transmission structure. This design utilizes the self-locking characteristics of the worm gear to effectively prevent unexpected deviations in the gap width caused by fluid impact or vibration during operation, ensuring process stability.

[0075] To enable visualization and parameter reproduction of the adjustment process, a pointer 631 is fixedly mounted on the side of the drive shaft 63. A ring of angle scale markings 611 is provided around the side of the cage 61 along the circumference of the drive shaft 63, with a scale range of 0-360 degrees and a minimum division of 1 degree, meeting industrial-grade adjustment requirements. The handwheel 5 is fixedly mounted on the extended end of the drive shaft 63. When the operator rotates the handwheel 5, the current rotation angle can be visually read through the relative position of the pointer 631 and the angle scale markings 611, and the corresponding air outlet gap 102 width can be calculated or calibrated accordingly. The mapping relationship between this angle and the gap width can be obtained through geometric modeling or experimental calibration, which is a conventional technique in this field and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0076] The above structure allows operators to quantitatively set the gap width and reproduce process parameters consistently between batches without relying on external sensors or control systems. It is particularly suitable for non-electrical environments, explosion-proof areas, or continuous production scenarios with extremely high equipment reliability requirements.

[0077] Based on the above structure, the side of the air-blocking block 31 away from the second conical cover 3 is an arc surface. This arc surface abuts against the inner side of the first conical cover 2. During the rotation of the second conical cover 3, this arc surface remains in contact with the inner side of the first conical cover 2, forming a dynamic sealing structure. At the same time, the outer surface of the mating block 21 away from the first conical cover 2 is also a smooth arc surface. The contour of this arc surface matches the outer conical surface of the second conical cover 3. During the rotation and adjustment of the second conical cover 3, it remains in contact with the outer side of the second conical cover 3, also forming a dynamic sealing structure.

[0078] In this structure, the mating block 21 and the air-blocking block 31 work together to form an "inner and outer double arc surface guiding and sealing system". During the adjustment process, it forms a bidirectional constraint on the gas flow channel, effectively suppressing the bypass leakage of gas from the non-gap area, and ensuring that all airflow is controlled to be ejected through the air outlet gap 102, thereby improving the linear response accuracy of gap adjustment and the repeatability of bubble size control.

[0079] Furthermore, the top of the baffle block 31 is provided with a guiding slope 313, which extends obliquely from the gas input channel 101 towards the outlet gap 102 at an angle of 15-45 degrees. This slope is used to pre-guide and accelerate the carbon dioxide gas flow entering the gas input channel 101. The geometry of this guiding slope 313 can significantly reduce flow separation and vortex dead zones in the upstream region of the baffle block 31, reduce local pressure drop and kinetic energy loss, and allow the gas flow to enter the outlet gap 102 in a more concentrated and stable state, thereby improving the jet momentum and the initial uniformity of bubble dispersion. At the same time, this structure, together with the bubble breaking structure 3111, jointly constructs a three-stage aerodynamic optimization path of "guidance-acceleration-breaking", providing a reliable aerodynamic basis for the stable control of barium carbonate nucleation density and the uniformity of the final particle size distribution.

[0080] In addition, the bottom end of the mating block 21 is strictly aligned with the bottom end of the first conical cover 2 to ensure that the air outlet gap 102 remains uniform in height throughout the full rotation range of the second conical cover 3. This avoids the phenomenon of local gaps being too narrow (easy to block) or too wide (leakage + large bubbles) due to structural misalignment, thus ensuring the stability of the flow field and the consistency of product particle size.

[0081] Based on the above structure, a liquid inlet pipe 111 is vertically welded to the top center of the first conical shell 11. The top of the liquid inlet pipe 111 is closed, and a flange interface 1111 is provided on the side for connecting to an external feed pipe.

[0082] The first conical shroud 2 has a vertically aligned air inlet pipe 22 at its top center. The air inlet pipe 22 extends upwards from the inside of the liquid inlet pipe 111, passing through its top, forming a coaxial feeding structure with gas in the middle and liquid on the outside. This design avoids premixing of gas and liquid at the inlet, preventing splashing or blockage, and also reduces the risk of external contamination. Gas and liquid are input through independent pipelines, facilitating independent control of flow rate and pressure, thus improving equipment adaptability and operational safety.

[0083] A method of using a barium carbonate synthesis reactor according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0084] S1. Adjusting the width of the air outlet gap 102: The operator first rotates the handwheel 5 according to the target product particle size requirement, which drives the adjusting shaft 4 to rotate through the worm gear mechanism 6, thereby causing the second conical cover 3 to rotate synchronously. During the rotation, the guide surface 311 on the air baffle block 31 and the mating surface 211 on the mating block 21 undergo relative displacement, thereby changing the geometric width of the air outlet gap 102.

[0085] When the width of the gas outlet slit 102 is reduced (e.g., to 0.1-0.2 mm), the gas undergoes stronger shearing as it passes through the narrow slit, breaking into micron-sized bubble clusters of 1-50 μm. This significantly increases the gas-liquid contact surface area and CO2 mass transfer rate, leading to increased nucleation density. The resulting barium carbonate product is predominantly composed of small-diameter nanoparticles (D50 = 20-80 nm). When the width of the gas outlet slit 102 is increased (e.g., to 0.3-0.8 mm), the gas shear strength weakens, forming larger bubbles of 100-500 μm. This reduces the gas-liquid contact area, decreases the nucleation density, prolongs crystal growth time, and increases the particle size of the resulting product (D50 = 100-500 nm). This method is suitable for industrial filling scenarios where particle size requirements are less stringent.

[0086] For higher adjustment accuracy (e.g., ±0.01 mm) or automated closed-loop control, a fine-tuning worm gear pair or digital rotary encoder known in the art can be selected to improve the repeatability and batch consistency of the equipment and meet the needs of intelligent manufacturing of high-end nanomaterials. The relevant structures are existing mature technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0087] S2. The barium ion-containing solution is pumped into the liquid input pipe 111 through the flange interface 1111, and the solution flows downward along the annular liquid input channel 103. Since both the first conical shell 11 and the first conical cover 2 are conical structures with a smaller top and a larger bottom, the liquid flow naturally expands along the conical surface under the action of gravity, realizing a gradual and uniform liquid distribution from the central pipeline to the circumferential reaction area. This avoids the concentrated liquid flow scouring of local areas and ensures that the gas-liquid reaction zone obtains a stable and fully covered liquid film or liquid layer, laying the foundation for efficient gas-liquid contact.

[0088] S3. While the solution is continuously transported, carbon dioxide gas is introduced into the gas input channel 101 through the inlet pipe 22. The inverted conical structure of the first conical cover 2 and the second conical cover 3, in conjunction with the guiding effect of the flow-guiding inclined surface 313 at the top of the baffle block 31, efficiently gathers the gas within the channel and distributes it evenly throughout the entire circumferential inlet area of ​​the outlet gap 102. After passing through the outlet gap 102, the gas enters the gas-liquid reaction zone in a tangential jet manner, with its jet direction tangential to the inner wall of the second conical shell 12, inducing the formation of a swirling flow field within the reaction chamber. This swirling flow, in conjunction with the bubble-breaking structure 3111, breaks the gas into micron-sized bubble clusters, significantly improving the gas-liquid contact area and CO2 mass transfer efficiency, achieving rapid nucleation and uniform growth of barium carbonate.

[0089] S4. After the initial reaction in the gas-liquid reaction zone, the reaction liquid enters the mixing transition zone (within the spiral guide channel) under gravity, where crystal growth and concentration homogenization occur. It then enters the product discharge zone (from below the conical spiral ribbon 13 to the inlet area of ​​the liquid output pipe 121), where it undergoes gentle ripening and particle stabilization. Finally, the reaction liquid containing the nano-barium carbonate slurry is discharged through the liquid output pipe 121 and enters the subsequent solid-liquid separation process (such as pressure filtration, centrifugation, or membrane filtration).

[0090] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A barium carbonate synthesis reactor, characterized in that: It includes a double-cone outer shell (1), a first conical cover (2), a second conical cover (3), and an adjusting shaft (4), wherein, The second conical shroud (3) is located inside the first conical shroud (2), and a gas input channel (101) is formed between the two. The first conical shroud (2) is fixed to the upper part of the double conical shell (1). A plurality of air-blocking blocks (31) are arranged in a circumferential ring between the second conical cover (3) and the first conical cover (2). Each air-blocking block (31) has an inclined guide surface (311) on one side of its circumference and a groove (312) on the other side. A mating block (21) is slidably embedded in the inner side of the groove (312). The air-blocking block (31) is fixedly connected to the second conical cover (3). The mating block (21) is fixedly connected to the first conical cover (2), and an inclined mating surface (211) is provided on the side away from the slide groove (312). An air outlet gap (102) is formed between the mating surface (211) and the guide surface (311). The adjustment shaft (4) is located at the bottom of the double-cone shell (1) and is used to drive the second conical cover (3) to rotate in order to adjust the geometric width of the air outlet gap (102).

2. The barium carbonate synthesis reactor as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The double-conical shell (1) includes a first conical shell (11) and a second conical shell (12) disposed at the bottom of the first conical shell (11), wherein, The first conical cover (2) is located inside the first conical shell (11), and a liquid input channel (103) is formed between it and the first conical shell (11). The air outlet gap (102) extends in an arc shape along the circumference of the first conical cover (2), and its air jet direction is tangent to the inner wall of the second conical shell (12); The bottom of the guide surface (311) and the area adjacent to the outlet of the air gap (102) are provided with a bubble breaking structure (3111).

3. The barium carbonate synthesis reactor as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The double-conical outer shell (1) further includes a conical threaded ribbon (13), and a third conical cover (32) is fixed to the bottom of the second conical cover (3). The tapered ribbon (13) is disposed between the third tapered cover (32) and the second tapered shell (12), with its outer side fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second tapered shell (12) and its inner side abutting against the outer wall of the third tapered cover (32); The second conical shell (12) has a liquid output pipe (121) on one side of its bottom. The lower end of the conical spiral ribbon (13) is located above the inlet of the liquid output pipe (121), and the upper end is located below the outlet of the air outlet gap (102). The pitch of the conical spiral ribbon (13) increases from top to bottom, and the direction of rotation is consistent with the direction of air jet from the air outlet slit (102); The adjusting shaft (4) is fixed vertically to the bottom of the third conical cover (32), and its lower end passes through the bottom of the second conical shell (12) and is rotatably connected.

4. A barium carbonate synthesis reactor as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The third conical cover (32) has a flange (321) circumferentially provided at its top, wherein, The flange (321) is embedded in the bottom of the second conical cover (3) and fixedly connected.

5. A barium carbonate synthesis reactor as described in claim 3, characterized in that: A rotating seal is provided between the adjusting shaft (4) and the second conical shell (12).

6. A barium carbonate synthesis reactor as described in claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a handwheel (5) and a worm gear mechanism (6) located at the bottom of the double-cone housing (1), wherein, The handwheel (5) is connected to the lower end of the adjusting shaft (4) via the worm gear mechanism (6).

7. A barium carbonate synthesis reactor as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The worm gear mechanism (6) includes a cage (61), a worm gear (62), a drive shaft (63), and a worm gear shaft (64), wherein, The retainer (61) is fixedly connected to the double-cone shell (1); The worm gear (62) is rotatably mounted on the inside of the cage (61) via the drive shaft (63); The worm gear shaft (64) is fixed to the lower end of the adjusting shaft (4) and meshes with the worm gear (62); The drive shaft (63) is provided with a pointer (631) on its side, and the retainer (61) is provided with an angle scale mark (611) around the drive shaft (63) on its side. The handwheel (5) is fixed to one end of the drive shaft (63).

8. A barium carbonate synthesis reactor as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the air baffle (31) away from the second conical cover (3) is an arc surface, which abuts against the inner side of the first conical cover (2). The top of the air baffle (31) is provided with a drainage slope (313). The flow-guiding slope (313) extends obliquely from the gas input channel (101) toward the gas outlet gap (102).

9. A barium carbonate synthesis reactor as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The side of the mating block (21) away from the first conical cover (2) is an arc surface, which abuts against the outer side of the second conical cover (3), and the bottom end of the mating block (21) is horizontally aligned with the bottom end of the first conical cover (2).

10. A barium carbonate synthesis reactor as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the first conical shell (11) is provided with a liquid inlet pipe (111) arranged vertically, and the top of the first conical cover (2) is provided with an air inlet pipe (22) arranged vertically. The liquid input pipe (111) is closed at the top and has a flange interface (1111) on the side for connecting to the feed pipe. The air inlet pipe (22) is located inside the liquid input pipe (111) and extends upward through the liquid input pipe (111).

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