Butt joint method of ship lift chamber and upstream suitable for low navigation water level

Abstract

A ship lift ship chamber and upstream butt joint method suitable for a low navigation water level comprises the steps that firstly, the maximum variable amplitude of upstream periodic water level changes is calculated and compared with the designed maximum misloading water depth of a ship lift, and the direct butt joint feasibility of a ship chamber is judged; if the misloading water depth limit is exceeded, dynamically selecting a ship chamber butt joint position by combining the time when the ship enters and exits from the chamber and the water level change period: for a large-draft ship, positioning the ship chamber below the maximum variable amplitude middle position to avoid stranding; a snack ship is positioned above the middle position so as to shorten the carriage passing time. Through autonomous water level analysis and dynamic docking decision, the safety of ship compartment docking under the low water level condition is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ship lift operation technology, and in particular to a method for docking a ship lift cabin with an upstream vessel in low navigable water levels. Background Technology

[0002] The ship lift and the lock share the same upstream approach channel. When the water level in the upstream approach channel is below 150m (the minimum navigable water level is 145m), the dike is exposed above the water surface, and the water surface of the approach channel narrows. The water level in the upstream channel of the ship lift is greatly affected by the water intake of the lock. When the lock takes water, the water level in the upstream channel will drop significantly. If the docking position of the ship lift's cabin is not appropriate, it will affect the safety of ships entering and leaving the cabin. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for docking the ship lift cabin with the upstream waterway when the lowest navigable water level is 145m and the upstream waterway level is between 145m and 150m; and to ensure the safe entry and exit of ships from the ship lift cabin when the water level of the lock drops.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for docking a ship lift cabin with an upstream vessel in low navigable water levels, characterized by comprising the following steps: Step 1: Under low navigable water conditions, the water level upstream of the ship lift exhibits periodic changes, with a period of... The highest water level in one cycle is The lowest water level is First, calculate the maximum upstream water level fluctuation. ; Step 2: The maximum design depth for the ship lift to malfunction is... The maximum fluctuation of the upstream water level and maximum overload depth To make a comparison, when At that time, the ship's compartment can directly connect with the upstream; Step 3: When At that time, the time of the ship entering and leaving the compartment needs to be recorded. With upstream water level change cycle To make a comparison, when At that time, the stopping position of the cabin It needs to be below the midpoint of the maximum upstream water level fluctuation, that is... Only then can the ship dock with the upstream vessel; Step 4: When At that time, the stopping position of the cabin It needs to be above the midpoint of the maximum water level fluctuation upstream, that is Only then can the ship dock with the upstream vessel.

[0005] Specifically, the connection between the ship compartment and the upstream area means that after the ship compartment door and the lock gate are opened, the water area of ​​the ship compartment is connected to the water area upstream, forming a navigable waterway.

[0006] Specifically, in step 3, the maximum upstream water level fluctuation... It should be less than the sum of the absolute values ​​of the maximum overload depth, i.e. .

[0007] Specifically, a temporary waiting area for boats is set up near the upper lock head. The elevation of the temporary waiting area is lower than the minimum navigable water level, and a certain safe braking distance is maintained between the temporary waiting area and the minimum navigable water level.

[0008] Specifically, the temporary waiting area for the ship's cabins means that the cabins will be temporarily positioned in the waiting area before docking with the upstream vessel, after the appropriate stopping position has been calculated. Then, upstream docking will proceed; the aforementioned safe braking distance is intended to ensure that the ship can complete the upstream docking at normal operating speed after starting from the temporary waiting area.

[0009] In particular, the time required for the ship to dock with the upstream vessel must also be considered after the ship arrives at the temporary waiting area. During this period, the upstream water level changed by the following range: .

[0010] In particular, when large-draft vessels pass through the ship lift, if , The ship is moved to the temporary waiting area to observe the upstream water level trend. When the upstream water level drops to the middle of the maximum fluctuation range and continues to decline, the central control room issues an upstream docking order to move the ship below the middle of the maximum upstream water level fluctuation range and dock.

[0011] Specifically, when small boats pass through the ship lift, if , The ship is moved to the temporary waiting area to observe the upstream water level trend. When the upstream water level rises to the middle of the maximum fluctuation range and continues to rise, the central control room issues an upstream docking order to move the ship to above the middle of the maximum upstream water level fluctuation range and dock.

[0012] Specifically, when the ship lift docks with the upstream, the cabin door and the reclining door are opened simultaneously. During the opening of the cabin door, the water depth in the cabin must meet certain water level conditions; otherwise, the opening action will be interrupted. Therefore, if the upstream water level changes suddenly during the docking process, causing the cabin water depth to not meet the water level conditions, the cabin door can be opened first, and the reclining door can be opened after the cabin door is fully opened.

[0013] This invention provides a method for docking a ship lift cabin with an upstream vessel in low navigable water levels, which has the following technical advantages: 1) By dynamically analyzing the periodic changes in upstream water levels, and combining the maximum design depth of the ship lift with the time for ships to enter and exit the lift, the docking position of the lift can be adjusted to improve operational efficiency.

[0014] 2) By setting up temporary waiting areas for the ship compartments and dynamically selecting the optimal docking elevation, the ship compartments are ensured to always be compatible with the water level of the channel during the ship's entry and exit, thereby reducing operational safety risks.

[0015] 3) Patent application number "CN202110951345.5" entitled "A Method for Accurate Docking of Ship Lift Cabins under Fluctuating Water Levels" describes a method for accurately docking ship lift cabins with upper and lower lock heads under fluctuating upstream and downstream water levels. It improves cabin passage efficiency by setting up a waiting area on the navigation wall. This method is applicable to general water level conditions, but does not consider the impact of low navigable water levels and lock water intake. This application focuses on dynamically adjusting the docking position of the ship lift cabin with the upstream water level when it is below 150m, and improves navigation efficiency and safety during the flood season, especially during periods of low navigable water levels, by setting up a temporary waiting area for the cabins in the upper lock head area. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is the curve showing the change in the upstream water level of the ship lift within 1 hour under low navigation water levels in this invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is the front view of the ship lift layout in this invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a top view of the layout of the ship lift in this invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of water level changes according to the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Upper lock head; 2. Ship lift cabin; 3. Upstream channel water; 4. Temporary waiting area for the cabin; 5. Downstream channel water. Detailed Implementation

[0022] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a method for docking a ship lift cabin with an upstream vessel in low navigable water levels includes the following steps: Step 1: Under low navigable water conditions, in this invention, low navigable water level specifically refers to a water level of 145m-150m. The water level upstream of the ship lift changes periodically, with a period of... The highest water level in one cycle is The lowest water level is First, calculate the maximum upstream water level fluctuation. .

[0023] Step 2: The maximum design depth for the ship lift to malfunction is... The maximum fluctuation of the upstream water level and maximum overload depth To make a comparison, when At this time, the ship compartment can directly dock with the upstream. "Dock with upstream" means that the ship compartment is at the same height as the upstream water level. At this time, the ship compartment door and the downstream channel door are opened at the same time, and the water in the ship compartment and the water in the channel are connected to form the same water area, ensuring that ships can enter and exit the compartment.

[0024] Step 3: When At that time, the time of the ship entering and leaving the compartment needs to be recorded. With upstream water level change cycle To make a comparison, when At that time, the position of the cabin It needs to be below the midpoint of the maximum upstream water level fluctuation, that is... Only then can it connect with the upstream; the position of the ship and the water level mentioned here are based on the vertical direction.

[0025] Step 4: When At that time, the position of the cabin It needs to be above the midpoint of the maximum water level fluctuation upstream, that is Only then can it connect with the upstream. For example... Figure 5 As shown, S1 is the highest peak water level during this period, and S2 is the lowest trough water level during this period. At this time, the docking position of the ship compartment only needs to be above the midpoint of these two water levels.

[0026] Furthermore, a temporary waiting area for vessels should be set up near the upper lock head. The elevation of the temporary waiting area should be lower than the minimum navigable water level, and a certain safe braking distance should be maintained between the temporary waiting area and the minimum navigable water level.

[0027] like Figure 5 As shown, the temporary waiting area is a marked zone where the vessel waits for the water level to meet the requirements before docking upstream. This ensures the vessel can dock upstream at normal operating speed after starting from the temporary waiting area; before docking upstream, the vessel must first stop in the temporary waiting area, and the appropriate stopping position will be calculated. Then, upstream docking will be carried out.

[0028] In step 2, when the maximum water level fluctuation meets the maximum design error depth of the ship lift, the ship compartment can be directly connected to the upstream.

[0029] In step 3, the upstream water level fluctuation It should be less than the sum of the absolute values ​​of the maximum overload depth, i.e. The point here is that the rise and fall of the water level must not exceed the accrued depth. If the water level fluctuation exceeds the accrued depth of the ship's compartment, the water level inside the compartment will be too high or too low. If it is too high, the compartment will be flooded and the equipment will be damaged. If it is too low, the ship may run aground inside the compartment.

[0030] In step 3, when When the ship is in a high draft, it means that the ship passing through the ship lift is a large draft ship. Positioning the ship compartment below the middle position of the maximum amplitude water level can prevent the ship from running aground in the compartment or the water level in the compartment from being too high. The same applies if the ship is in a high draft.

[0031] Example 1 Taking a large-draft vessel (e.g., 2.7m) ascending through a ship lift as an example, the upstream water level change cycle... =20 minutes, the time taken for the ship to enter and exit the cabin. =25min, including the following steps: Step 1: After the upstream vessel has entered the berth and completed its berthing, the ship lift berth is disconnected from the lower lock head, the berth door is closed and connected to the downstream horizontal door, and the vessel waits for the ship lift control room to issue the order for the berth to move upstream.

[0032] Step 2: The ship lift control room obtains the data from the hour before the ship's upward movement, in accordance with... The maximum and minimum values ​​of the periodic water level fluctuations, and the maximum water level value. And calculate its maximum water level fluctuation. .

[0033] Step 3: Calculate the maximum upstream water level fluctuation at this point. and maximum overload depth Compare them.

[0034] Step 4: At this time The time for the ship to enter and exit the cabin needs to be recorded. With upstream water level change cycle To make a comparison, at this time This means that the time it takes for the ship to enter the compartment is longer than the water level change cycle. This implies that during the ship's departure from the compartment, the upstream water level will experience a change from its maximum to its minimum value. Since the ship is a large-draft vessel, in order to avoid the ship running aground in the compartment due to the water depth being too low, the optimal docking position of the compartment should be at or below the middle of the maximum water level change upstream. That is, the docking position of the compartment should be at or below 147.45m. This will ensure that the water depth in the compartment does not become too low due to water level changes.

[0035] Step 5: Move the ship to the temporary waiting area and observe the upstream water level change trend. When the upstream water level drops to the middle of the maximum fluctuation range and continues to decline, the central control room issues an upstream docking order to move the ship to below the middle of the maximum upstream water level fluctuation range and dock.

[0036] Step 6: The ship compartment is connected to the upper lock head, and the compartment door and the upper lock head retractable door are opened. The ship is then unmoored and exits the compartment, and the process is complete.

[0037] Example 2 Taking a small vessel (e.g., with a draft of 2m) descending into the ship lift as an example, the upstream water level change cycle... =20 minutes, the time taken for the ship to enter and exit the cabin. =25min, including the following steps: Step 1: After the downstream vessel reaches the waters above the upstream navigation wall, it waits for the ship lift cabin to dock with the upstream vessel before entering the cabin.

[0038] Step 2: The ship lift control room obtains the data from the hour before the ship's upward movement, in accordance with... The maximum and minimum values ​​of the periodic water level fluctuations, and the maximum water level value. And calculate its maximum water level fluctuation. .

[0039] Step 3: Calculate the maximum upstream water level fluctuation at this point. and maximum overload depth Compare them.

[0040] Step 4: At this time The time for the ship to enter and exit the cabin needs to be recorded. With upstream water level change cycle To make a comparison, at this time In other words, the time it takes for the vessel to enter the compartment is less than the water level change cycle. This means that the upstream water level will not undergo a complete cycle change during the process of the vessel leaving the compartment. Also, since the vessel is a small-scale vessel, there is no need to consider the issue of the vessel running aground in the compartment. It is only necessary to ensure that during the docking process with the upstream, the water level change will not cause the compartment to be submerged due to excessive water depth, which would damage the equipment. In this case, the optimal docking position of the compartment should be above the middle of the maximum water level change range upstream, that is, the docking position of the compartment should be above 147.45m.

[0041] Step 5: Move the ship to the temporary waiting area and observe the upstream water level trend. When the upstream water level rises to the middle of the maximum fluctuation range and continues to rise, the central control room issues an upstream docking order to move the ship to above the middle of the maximum upstream water level fluctuation range and dock.

[0042] Step 6: The ship compartment is connected to the upper lock head, and the ship compartment door and the upper lock head retractable door are opened. The ship enters the ship compartment and the subsequent descent process begins.

[0043] In the above embodiments, only for The analysis focused on the scenario where the maximum upstream water level fluctuation was greater than the depth of the misloaded cargo compartment. In practice, if the maximum water level fluctuation is less than the depth of the misloaded cargo compartment, the cargo compartment does not need to stay in the temporary waiting area and can directly dock with the upstream vessel. This is because the water level change at this time will not cause the depth of the cargo compartment to become too high or too low, thus avoiding safety hazards such as ship grounding or submersion of cargo compartment equipment. Therefore, no case study was conducted.

Claims

1. A method for docking a ship lift cabin with an upstream vessel in low navigable water levels, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Under low navigable water conditions, the water level upstream of the ship lift changes periodically, with a period of... The highest water level in one cycle is The lowest water level is First, calculate the maximum upstream water level fluctuation. ; Step 2: The maximum design depth for the ship lift to malfunction is... The maximum fluctuation of the upstream water level and maximum overload depth To make a comparison, when At that time, the ship's compartment can directly connect with the upstream; Step 3: When At that time, the time of the ship entering and leaving the compartment needs to be recorded. With upstream water level change cycle To make a comparison, when At that time, the stopping position of the cabin It needs to be below the midpoint of the maximum upstream water level fluctuation, that is... Only then can the ship dock with the upstream vessel; Step 4: When At that time, the stopping position of the cabin It must be above the midpoint of the maximum water level fluctuation upstream, that is Only then can the ship dock with the upstream vessel.

2. The method for docking a ship lift cabin with an upstream vessel in low navigable water levels, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The connection between the ship compartment and the upstream area means that after the ship compartment door and the lock gate are opened, the water area of ​​the ship compartment is connected to the water area upstream, forming a navigable waterway.

3. The method for docking a ship lift cabin with an upstream vessel in low navigable water levels, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: Low navigable water level refers to the water level range that is close to the lowest navigable water level within the normal navigable water level range.

4. The method for docking a ship lift cabin with an upstream vessel in low navigable water levels, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: Step 3: Maximum upstream water level fluctuation It should be less than the sum of the absolute values ​​of the maximum overload depth, i.e. .

5. The method for docking a ship lift cabin with an upstream vessel in low navigable water levels, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: A temporary waiting area for ships is set up near the upper lock head. The elevation of the temporary waiting area is lower than the minimum navigable water level, and a certain safe braking distance is maintained between the temporary waiting area and the minimum navigable water level.

6. The method for docking a ship lift cabin with an upstream vessel in low navigable water levels, as described in claim 5, is characterized in that: The temporary waiting area for the ship's cabins means that the cabins will be temporarily positioned in the waiting area before docking with the upstream vessel, and the appropriate stopping position will be calculated. Then, upstream docking will proceed; the aforementioned safe braking distance is intended to ensure that the ship can complete the upstream docking at normal operating speed after starting from the temporary waiting area.

7. The method for docking a ship lift cabin with an upstream vessel in low navigable water levels, as described in claim 6, is characterized in that: After the ship arrives at the temporary waiting area, the time required for the ship to dock with the upstream vessel also needs to be considered. During this period, the upstream water level changed by the following range: .

8. The method for docking a ship lift cabin with an upstream vessel in low navigable water levels, as described in claim 7, is characterized in that: When a large-draft vessel passes through a ship lift, if , The boat is moved to a temporary waiting area to observe the upstream water level trend. When the upstream water level drops to the middle of the maximum fluctuation range and continues to decline, that is... At that time, the central control room issued an upstream docking order, moving the ship to below the middle position of the maximum water level fluctuation upstream and docking.

9. A method for docking a ship lift cabin with an upstream vessel in low navigable water levels, as described in claim 7, characterized in that: When small boats pass through the boat lift, if , The boat is moved to a temporary waiting area to observe the upstream water level trend. When the upstream water level rises to the middle of the maximum fluctuation range and continues to rise, that is... At that time, the central control room issued an upstream docking order, moving the ship to above the middle position of the maximum water level fluctuation upstream and docking.

10. A method for docking a ship lift cabin with an upstream vessel in low navigable water levels, as described in claim 1, characterized in that: When the ship lift docks with the upstream, the cabin door and the reclining door are opened simultaneously. During the opening of the cabin door, the water depth in the cabin must meet certain water level conditions; otherwise, the opening action will be interrupted. Therefore, if the upstream water level changes suddenly during the docking process, causing the cabin water depth to not meet the water level conditions, the cabin door can be opened first, and the reclining door can be opened after the cabin door is fully opened.

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