A while-drilling spray-on wall stabilizing tool, system and method

Abstract

This application relates to the field of oil drilling technology, and discloses a drilling-while-drilling sprayed wall-stabilizing tool, system, and method. The drilling-while-drilling sprayed wall-stabilizing tool includes a sprayed wall-stabilizing module and a wellbore detection module. The sprayed wall-stabilizing module has a spray nozzle on its housing, and a flow guide cavity with an internal electromagnetic drive mechanism. The electromagnetic drive mechanism controls the connection and disconnection between the flow guide cavity and the spray nozzle. The wellbore detection module is located at the fluid inlet of the sprayed wall-stabilizing module and is used to collect wellbore quality information. The drilling-while-drilling sprayed wall-stabilizing tool disclosed in this application is simple to operate, repeatable, enables proactive and precise control, has strong adaptability, and good stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of oil drilling technology, and specifically relates to a drilling-while-drilling spraying wall-stabilizing tool, system and method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of oil drilling, especially in deep and complex formation drilling, wellbore instability is a major cause of prolonged drilling cycles, increased costs, and even accidents such as stuck pipe and well collapse. In recent years, drilling-while-plugging technology has been developed, which allows for the direct spraying of plugging materials onto the wellbore without drilling, and has become an effective means of dealing with well leakage, and is widely used both domestically and internationally.

[0003] While drilling-while-applied plugging technology allows for spraying operations without drilling, existing methods have significant limitations. First, mainstream tools rely on a "ball-triggered" mechanism, opening bypass holes by deploying a pressure-pressurized ball to set the bypass. This method is cumbersome, and the ball seat's sealing performance is susceptible to high temperatures and erosion, leading to unstable opening and closing of the bypass. The associated ball retrieval device also limits operational flexibility and the deployment of subsequent downhole tools. Second, existing technologies lack real-time detection and evaluation of wellbore quality during drilling, making proactive intervention impossible before significant wellbore instability occurs. They can only passively address existing wellbore leakage, offering insufficient preventative measures. Third, the timing of spraying largely depends on anomalies in drilling parameters (such as flow rate and drilling speed), resulting in low accuracy, weak "targeted" spraying capability, and an inability to verify the wall-stabilizing effect in real time, making closed-loop control difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a tool, system and method for spraying wall stabilization while drilling, which solves the problems of unstable spraying, poor operational flexibility, insufficient passive triggering and prevention, weak "targeted" spraying capability, inability to verify the wall stabilization effect in real time and difficulty in achieving closed-loop control in existing "ball-throwing trigger" mechanisms.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this application provides a drilling-while-drilling spraying wall-stabilizing tool, comprising:

[0006] A spray coating wall-fixing module, wherein the housing of the spray coating wall-fixing module is provided with a spray nozzle, and the spray coating wall-fixing module is provided with a flow guiding cavity and an electromagnetic drive mechanism is built in, the electromagnetic drive mechanism being used to control the conduction and cutoff between the flow guiding cavity and the spray nozzle;

[0007] A well wall detection module is installed at the liquid inlet end of the sprayed solidification module and is used to collect well wall quality information.

[0008] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0009] In some embodiments, the electromagnetic drive mechanism includes:

[0010] An electromagnetic drive assembly is disposed on the inner wall of the housing;

[0011] A sliding sleeve is slidably disposed within the housing and driven to be connected to one end of the electromagnetic drive assembly away from the well wall detection module. The electromagnetic drive assembly is used to drive the sliding sleeve to move along its own axial direction.

[0012] The sliding sleeve has a first shaft hole forming the flow guide cavity, and the wall of the sliding sleeve has a flow passage hole that communicates with the first shaft hole. When the spraying and wall-fixing operation is not performed, the flow passage hole and the spraying nozzle are misaligned.

[0013] In some embodiments, the inner cavity of the housing is provided with a stepped shaft hole, and a first positioning step is formed in the stepped shaft hole. Along the length direction of the housing, the first positioning step is located on the side of the spray nozzle away from the well wall detection module, and the distance from the first positioning step to the spray nozzle is L1.

[0014] The sliding sleeve has a positioning end face at one end away from the electromagnetic drive assembly. The distance from the positioning end face to the through hole is L2, and L2=L1. When performing the spray coating wall fixing operation, the positioning end face is used to abut against the first positioning step so that the through hole is connected to the spray nozzle.

[0015] In some embodiments, the sliding sleeve includes a first shaft segment and a second shaft segment in the direction away from the electromagnetic drive assembly, a second positioning step is formed between the first shaft segment and the second shaft segment, the step surface of the second positioning step is the positioning end face, and the flow hole is disposed on the first shaft segment;

[0016] The stepped shaft hole is provided with a first shaft hole section and a second shaft hole section that respectively accommodate the first shaft section and the second shaft section, and the second shaft section and the second shaft hole section are clearance-fitted.

[0017] In some embodiments, the electromagnetic drive assembly includes:

[0018] An electromagnetic drive body is disposed on the inner wall of the housing;

[0019] An electromagnetic push rod passes through the electromagnetic drive body and is magnetically driven by the electromagnetic drive body. The electromagnetic drive body is used to drive the electromagnetic push rod to move along its own axis. The electromagnetic push rod has a through second shaft hole along its own axis.

[0020] The sliding sleeve is connected to the electromagnetic push rod, and the first shaft hole is connected to the second shaft hole.

[0021] In some embodiments, the spray-coating wall-solidifying module further includes a rotary switch module, which is disposed at the end of the housing away from the well wall detection module;

[0022] The rotary switch module has a controllable on and off state. When the spray coating and wall-solidifying operation is not performed, the rotary switch module is in the on state; when the spray coating and wall-solidifying operation is performed, the rotary switch module switches to the off state to block the liquid outlet of the guide cavity.

[0023] In some embodiments, the rotary switch module includes:

[0024] A fixing plate is disposed on the housing;

[0025] A rotary drive mechanism is mounted on the housing and located on the side of the fixed disk away from the well wall detection module;

[0026] A rotating disk is disposed on the side of the rotary drive mechanism facing the fixed disk and is drivenly connected to the rotary drive mechanism. The rotary drive mechanism is used to drive the rotating disk to rotate.

[0027] Multiple sector-shaped baffles are radially movably disposed on the side of the fixed disk facing the rotating disk and drivenly connected to the rotating disk. The rotating disk can drive all the sector-shaped baffles to move synchronously in the radial direction.

[0028] The fixed disk, the rotary drive mechanism, and the rotating disk are all provided with hollow flow channels along the axial direction. When the spray coating and wall-fixing operation is not performed, the rotary drive mechanism drives the rotating disk to rotate and causes all the fan-shaped baffles to retract radially into the interlayer formed between the fixed disk and the rotating disk, so as to switch to the open state. When the spray coating and wall-fixing operation is performed, the rotary drive mechanism drives the rotating disk to rotate and causes all the fan-shaped baffles to extend radially and converge, so as to switch to the closed state.

[0029] To achieve the above objectives, a second aspect of this application provides a drilling spraying wall stabilization system, including a control device, a drill string device, and a drilling spraying wall stabilization tool according to the first aspect above. The drilling spraying wall stabilization tool is disposed on the drill string device, and the control device is communicatively connected to the electromagnetic drive mechanism, the drill string device, and the wellbore detection module.

[0030] The control device is configured to collect well wall quality information from the well wall detection module, determine the current well wall quality level, and issue a spraying solidification operation signal when the current well wall quality level is lower than a preset critical level, so as to control the electromagnetic drive mechanism and the drill string device to perform the spraying solidification operation.

[0031] To achieve the above objectives, a third aspect of this application provides a method for spraying solidification while drilling, applied to a spraying solidification system provided according to the second aspect above. The method includes:

[0032] The well wall detection module collects well wall quality information and determines the current well wall quality level based on the well wall quality information.

[0033] If the current wellbore quality grade is lower than the preset critical grade, stop pumping and drilling.

[0034] The spraying and wall-solidifying module is controlled to perform spraying and wall-solidifying operations and inject spraying fluid into the guide cavity. Simultaneously, the drill string device is controlled to perform drill string lifting and lowering actions and drill string rotation actions until the current well wall quality level meets the preset safety level. Then, the spraying and wall-solidifying operation is stopped and normal drilling operations are resumed.

[0035] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0036] In some embodiments, the step of controlling the spraying and wall-solidifying module to perform the spraying and wall-solidifying operation and injecting the spraying liquid into the guide cavity further includes:

[0037] Inject isolation adhesive into the guide cavity to isolate the spraying fluid and drilling fluid.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the drilling spraying wall-fixing tool, system and method provided in this application have at least the following beneficial effects.

[0039] The drilling-while-drilling (DWD) wall-stabilizing tool provided in this application integrates a wellbore detection module with a wall-stabilizing module. The wellbore detection module performs real-time detection and evaluation of wellbore quality and establishes a linkage mechanism with the electromagnetic drive mechanism, changing the traditional passive and blind operation mode that relies on experience or indirect parameter judgment. Based on the actual wellbore quality condition, it can promptly initiate "targeted spraying" in risky sections or early stages of deterioration, achieving precise intervention with a "one-section-one-policy" approach. This significantly improves the success rate of wellbore stabilization and operational initiative, achieving a leap from "blind remediation" to "proactive and precise prevention and control." Furthermore, during the wall-stabilizing process, the wellbore detection module can provide real-time evaluation and feedback of the spraying and stabilizing operation area, thus providing effective support for establishing an intelligent wellbore strengthening system with closed-loop capabilities.

[0040] Furthermore, this application controls the connection and disconnection between the guide cavity and the spray nozzle through an electromagnetic drive mechanism, eliminating the need for the traditional mechanical triggering method of "ball dropping and pressure holding". This allows for accurate start and stop of the spraying operation, overcoming the inherent defects of the ball dropping method, such as cumbersome operation, reliability affected by well temperature, well pressure and drilling fluid performance, and limited number of repeatable switching times. It achieves precise, reliable and repeatable operation of the triggering process, as well as flexible operation, greatly enhancing the adaptability and stability of the drilling spraying wall stabilization tool under harsh conditions such as ultra-deep wells and complex formations.

[0041] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0042] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of this application and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the embodiments of this application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without any inventive effort. In the drawings:

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a drilling-while-drilling spraying wall-fixing system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the state structure of the spraying and wall-stabilizing module and the rotary switch module when the spraying and wall-stabilizing tool is not performing spraying and wall-stabilizing operations, as provided in this application embodiment;

[0045] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A;

[0046] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A magnified view of the structure at point B in the middle;

[0047] Figure 5 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the state structure of the spraying and solidification module and the rotary switch module when the drilling spraying and solidification tool is performing spraying and solidification operations.

[0048] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic drive assembly in the drilling spraying wall-fixing tool provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary switch module in the drilling spraying wall-fixing tool provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 8 for Figure 7A C-direction view (a) of the rotary switch module in the open state and a C-direction view (b) of the closed state;

[0051] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotating disk in the rotary switch module provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0052] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0053] 100. Wellbore detection module;

[0054] 200. Spray coating and wall-fixing module; 201. Flow guide cavity; 210. Housing; 211. Bypass hole; 212. Seal; 213. First positioning step; 220. Spray nozzle; 230. Electromagnetic drive mechanism; 231. Electromagnetic drive assembly; 2310. Electromagnetic drive body; 2311. Electromagnetic push rod; 2312. First signal receiver; 232. Sliding sleeve; 232a. First shaft hole; 232b. Flow hole; 2320. First shaft section; 2321. Second shaft section; 2322. Second positioning step; 2322a. Positioning end face;

[0055] 300. Rotary switch module; 310. Fixed plate; 311. Limiting groove; 320. Rotary drive mechanism; 321. Sealing seat; 322. Motor; 330. Rotating plate; 331. Arc-shaped guide groove; 340. Fan-shaped baffle; 341. Guide protrusion; 350. Second signal receiver;

[0056] 400. Control device;

[0057] 500. Drill string device. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The specific embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this application.

[0059] The present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and exemplary embodiments.

[0060] Example:

[0061] On the one hand, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment provides a drilling spraying wall-stabilizing tool that can be used in a drilling spraying wall-stabilizing system. When well leakage occurs during drilling, the drilling spraying wall-stabilizing tool can spray the leakage-stopping material directly onto the well wall without removing the drill bit.

[0062] The drilling spray wall solidification tool provided in this embodiment includes a spray wall solidification module 200 and a well wall detection module 100. The well wall detection module 100 is disposed at the liquid inlet end of the spray wall solidification module 200 so as to be connected with the spray wall solidification module 200 as a whole.

[0063] The wellbore detection module 100 can be detachably connected to the housing 210 of the sprayed wall-stabilizing module 200, for example, by snap-fit ​​or threaded connection, to facilitate inspection and maintenance. During drilling, the wellbore detection module 100 is used to collect wellbore quality information in real time and can provide feedback to the control device 400 of the drilling sprayed wall-stabilizing system.

[0064] Optionally, the wellbore detection module 100 can be a drilling ultrasonic testing instrument, thus utilizing the time difference of sound waves in the drilling mud to determine the health condition of the wellbore. It is understandable that the energy intensity (amplitude) reflected back varies when sound waves strike different media (loose sandstone, dense limestone, casing, cement). Hard, dense surfaces produce strong echoes, while loose surfaces or those with micro-cracks produce weak echoes. By analyzing the echo amplitude, the hardness of the wellbore rock can be determined, the presence of cracks can be identified, or in cased wells, the bonding quality between cement and casing can be assessed.

[0065] In some embodiments, electromagnetic detection instruments can also be used to induce current in the formation using electromagnetic fields. The different electrical conductivity of different rocks (oil-bearing, water-bearing, mudstone) can be used to determine the health condition of the wellbore.

[0066] The spraying and wall-solidifying module 200 has a spray nozzle 220 on its housing 210. The module also has a flow guide cavity 201 and an internal electromagnetic drive mechanism 230. The electromagnetic drive mechanism 230 controls the connection and disconnection between the flow guide cavity 201 and the spray nozzle 220. Understandably, during normal drilling operations, the flow guide cavity 201 and the spray nozzle 220 are in a closed state (e.g., ...). Figure 3 As shown), at this time, the drilling fluid in the guide cavity 201 will not enter the spray nozzle 220. When a wall-stabilizing spraying operation is required, a wall-stabilizing spraying fluid is injected into the guide cavity 201, and the electromagnetic drive mechanism 230 drives the guide cavity 201 to connect with the spray nozzle 220 (as shown). Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the spraying liquid in the guide cavity 201 is sprayed onto the well wall to be worked on through the spraying nozzle 220.

[0067] Thus, the drilling-while-drilling (DWD) wall-stabilizing tool provided in this embodiment integrates the wellbore detection module 100 with the DWD module 200. The wellbore detection module 100 performs real-time detection and evaluation of wellbore quality and establishes a linkage mechanism with the electromagnetic drive mechanism 230, changing the traditional passive and blind operation mode that relies on experience or indirect parameter judgment. Based on the actual wellbore quality condition, it can promptly initiate "targeted spraying" in risky sections or early stages of deterioration, achieving precise intervention with a "one-section-one-policy" approach. This significantly improves the success rate of wellbore stabilization and operational initiative, achieving a leap from "blind remediation" to "proactive and precise prevention and control." Furthermore, during the DWD process, the wellbore detection module 100 can provide real-time evaluation and feedback of the DWD operation area, thus providing effective assurance for establishing an intelligent wellbore strengthening system with closed-loop capabilities.

[0068] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the electromagnetic drive mechanism 230 controls the connection and disconnection between the guide cavity 201 and the spray nozzle 220, eliminating the need for the traditional mechanical triggering method of "ball dropping and pressure holding". This allows for accurate start and stop of the spraying operation, overcoming the inherent defects of the ball dropping method, such as cumbersome operation, reliability affected by well temperature, well pressure and drilling fluid performance, and limited number of repeatable switching times. It achieves precise, reliable and repeatable operation of the triggering process, and flexible operation, greatly enhancing the adaptability and stability of the drilling spraying wall stabilization tool under harsh conditions such as ultra-deep wells and complex formations.

[0069] To more clearly describe the technical solution of this application, the drilling spraying wall-stabilizing tool provided in this embodiment is described in detail below:

[0070] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The aforementioned housing 210 is a cylindrical structure, and the interior of the housing 210 is hollow for mounting the electromagnetic drive mechanism 230. Furthermore, the side wall of the housing 210 is provided with a plurality of bypass holes 211 along the circumferential direction, and each bypass hole 211 is correspondingly fitted with a spray nozzle 220.

[0071] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The electromagnetic drive mechanism 230 includes an electromagnetic drive assembly 231 and a sliding sleeve 232. The electromagnetic drive assembly 231 is disposed on the inner wall of the housing 210; the sliding sleeve 232 is slidably disposed inside the housing 210 and is drivenly connected to one end of the electromagnetic drive assembly 231 away from the well wall detection module 100. The electromagnetic drive assembly 231 is used to drive the sliding sleeve 232 to move along its own axis.

[0072] Furthermore, along its length, the inner wall of the housing 210 is provided with sealing elements 212 on both sides of the bypass hole 211 (e.g., Figure 3As shown in the figure, the sealing element 212 and the sliding sleeve 232 form a sealed fit to prevent impurities such as mud from entering the bypass hole 211 through the gap between the sliding sleeve 232 and the housing 210, thereby preventing the spray nozzle 220 from being blocked.

[0073] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 The sliding sleeve 232 has a first shaft hole 232a forming a flow guide cavity 201, and a flow passage hole 232b is provided on the wall of the sliding sleeve 232, which communicates with the first shaft hole 232a. When the spray coating and wall-fixing operation is not performed, the flow passage hole 232b and the spray nozzle 220 are misaligned; when the spray coating and wall-fixing operation is performed, the sliding sleeve 232 moves axially under the drive of the electromagnetic drive assembly 231, so that the flow passage hole 232b is aligned with the bypass hole 211, and then communicates with the spray nozzle 220. In this way, the spray liquid in the flow guide cavity 201 passes through the flow passage hole 232b and the bypass hole 211 and is finally sprayed out by the spray nozzle 220 to perform the wall-fixing operation.

[0074] In this embodiment, the number of through holes 232b corresponds one-to-one with the number and position of bypass holes 211.

[0075] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 4 Furthermore, the inner cavity of the housing 210 is provided with a stepped shaft hole, and a first positioning step 213 is formed in the stepped shaft hole. Along the length direction of the housing 210, the first positioning step 213 is located on the side of the spray nozzle 220 away from the well wall detection module 100, and the distance from the first positioning step 213 to the spray nozzle 220 is L1.

[0076] The end of the sliding sleeve 232 away from the electromagnetic drive assembly 231 is provided with a positioning end face 2322a. The distance from the positioning end face 2322a to the through hole 232b is L2, and L2=L1. Thus, when performing the spray coating wall-fixing operation, the electromagnetic drive assembly 231 drives the sliding sleeve 232 to move towards the first positioning step 213. When the positioning end face 2322a abuts against the first positioning step 213, the movement of the sliding sleeve 232 is restricted. At this time, the through hole 232b is aligned with the bypass hole 211, thereby connecting with the spray nozzle 220.

[0077] It is understood that in this embodiment, the axial positioning of the sliding sleeve 232 is achieved by the abutting engagement between the positioning end face 2322a and the first positioning step 213, thereby improving the positioning accuracy and ensuring smooth conduction between the through hole 232b and the spray nozzle 220 during the spraying and wall-solidification operation. When the spraying and wall-solidification operation is not required (normal drilling operation), the electromagnetic drive assembly 231 drives the sliding sleeve 232 to move away from the first positioning step 213, so that the through hole 232b and the bypass hole 211 are misaligned, thereby switching the conduction state to the cut-off state.

[0078] From the direction away from the well wall detection module 100, the stepped shaft hole of the housing 210 includes a first shaft hole 232a section and a second shaft hole section connected in sequence. The diameter of the second shaft hole section is smaller than the diameter of the first shaft hole 232a section. Thus, the transition between the first shaft hole 232a section and the second shaft hole section forms the aforementioned first positioning step 213.

[0079] The sliding sleeve 232, located away from the electromagnetic drive assembly 231, includes a first shaft segment 2320 and a second shaft segment 2321. A second positioning step 2322 is formed between the first shaft segment 2320 and the second shaft segment 2321. The step surface of the second positioning step 2322 is a positioning end face 2322a, and a through hole 232b is disposed on the first shaft segment 2320. The first shaft segment 2320 and the second shaft segment 2321 are respectively housed in corresponding first shaft hole segments 232a and second shaft hole segments, with a clearance fit between the second shaft segment 2321 and the second shaft hole segment. This clearance fit between the second shaft segment 2321 and the second shaft hole segment further enables axial limiting, improving the stability of the sliding sleeve 232's movement.

[0080] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the length of the second shaft segment 2321 is L3, which satisfies L3 > L2. Thus, while ensuring that the maximum travel of the sliding sleeve 232 is less than L2, the second shaft segment 2321 will always remain within the second shaft hole segment during the movement of the sliding sleeve 232. This prevents large particles of impurities from entering the gap between the positioning end face 2322a and the first positioning step 213, thereby ensuring the positioning accuracy of the sliding sleeve 232.

[0081] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 6The electromagnetic drive assembly 231 includes an electromagnetic drive body 2310 and an electromagnetic push rod 2311. The electromagnetic drive body 2310 is disposed on the inner wall of the housing 210; the electromagnetic push rod 2311 passes through the electromagnetic drive body 2310 and is magnetically driven to cooperate with the electromagnetic drive body 2310. The electromagnetic drive body 2310 is used to drive the electromagnetic push rod 2311 to move along its own axis. The electromagnetic push rod 2311 has a through second shaft hole along its own axis. A sliding sleeve 232 is connected to the electromagnetic push rod 2311, and a first shaft hole 232a communicates with the second shaft hole.

[0082] Optionally, the sliding sleeve 232 and the electromagnetic push rod 2311 are detachable, such as by snap-fit ​​or threaded connection.

[0083] In some embodiments, the electromagnetic drive assembly 231 further includes a first signal receiver 2312, which is electrically connected to the electromagnetic drive body 2310. The first signal receiver 2312 is used to receive control signals from the control device 400 in the drilling spraying and wall-stabilizing system, the control signals including starting the spraying and wall-stabilizing operation and stopping the spraying and wall-stabilizing operation.

[0084] Optionally, the first signal receiver 2312 and the control device 400 may communicate via Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or 5G / 4G / 3G. It should be understood that the above are merely illustrative examples and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0085] In some embodiments, the electromagnetic drive assembly 231 may be powered by a built-in power supply or may share a power supply with the well wall detection module 100.

[0086] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 In this embodiment, the spray-coating wall-solidifying module 200 further includes a rotary switch module 300, which is disposed at the end of the housing 210 away from the well wall detection module 100. The rotary switch module 300 has controllable on and off states (e.g., ...). Figure 8 (As shown). Thus, it can be understood that when the spraying and wall-solidifying operation is not performed, the rotary switch module 300 is in the open state to allow the drilling fluid to pass through smoothly; when the spraying and wall-solidifying operation is performed, the rotary switch module 300 switches to the closed state to block the outlet of the guide cavity 201. On the one hand, this facilitates the formation of a certain pressure in the guide cavity 201, which is convenient for spraying through the spray nozzle 220; on the other hand, it achieves physical isolation between the spraying fluid and the drilling fluid, preventing mixing and contamination.

[0087] Please refer to the following: Figure 8Specifically, the rotary switch module 300 includes a fixed disk 310, a rotary drive mechanism 320, a rotating disk 330, and multiple sector-shaped baffles 340. The fixed disk 310 is mounted on the housing 210 and threadedly connected to it. The rotary drive mechanism 320 is mounted on the housing 210 and located on the side of the fixed disk 310 away from the wellbore detection module 100. The rotating disk 330 is located on the side of the rotary drive mechanism 320 facing the fixed disk 310 and is driven by the rotary drive mechanism 320, which drives the rotating disk 330 to rotate. Multiple sector-shaped baffles 340 are radially movably mounted on the side of the fixed disk 310 facing the rotating disk 330 and are driven by the rotating disk 330, allowing the rotating disk 330 to drive all the sector-shaped baffles 340 to move synchronously radially.

[0088] The fixed disk 310, the rotary drive mechanism 320, and the rotating disk 330 are all provided with hollow flow channels along the axial direction. When the spray coating and wall-fixing operation is not performed, the rotary drive mechanism 320 drives the rotating disk 330 to rotate and causes all the fan-shaped baffles 340 to retract radially into the interlayer formed between the fixed disk 310 and the rotating disk 330, so as to switch to the open state. When the spray coating and wall-fixing operation is performed, the rotary drive mechanism 320 drives the rotating disk 330 to rotate and causes all the fan-shaped baffles 340 to extend radially and converge, so as to switch to the closed state.

[0089] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 Furthermore, each sector-shaped baffle 340 has guide protrusions 341 on both sides at its root. The fixed disk 310, near the rotating disk, has multiple radially extending limiting grooves 311, which are spaced circumferentially. The guide protrusions 341 on one side of the sector-shaped baffle 340 are slidably disposed within their corresponding limiting grooves 311. The rotating disk, near the fixed disk 310, has multiple arc-shaped guide grooves 331, which are spaced circumferentially. The guide protrusions 341 on the other side of the sector-shaped baffle 340 are slidably disposed within their corresponding arc-shaped guide grooves 331. When the rotating disk 330 rotates forward or backward, the side wall of the arc-shaped guide limiting slide 311, similar to a cam structure, will push the guide protrusion 341 to move along the arc-shaped guide groove 331. Thus, under the limiting action of the limiting slide 311, the entire fan-shaped baffle 340 moves radially, thereby moving away from or towards each other, thus realizing the switching between the open and closed states of the rotary switch module 300.

[0090] In this embodiment, the rotary drive mechanism 320 includes a sealed seat 321 and a drive motor 322 disposed within the sealed seat 321. The stator of the motor 322 is disposed within the sealed seat 321, and the rotor shaft of the motor 322 is hollow and drivenly connected to the rotating disk 330. Thus, using the motor 322 as the drive source to drive the radial movement of the fan-shaped baffle 340 is more efficient than the valve structure of a magnetically driven flip-up baffle. The magnetically driven flip-up baffle valve structure requires continuous power supply to overcome the pressure of the sprayed liquid in the guide cavity 201 when the flip-up baffle is in a horizontally closed state. In contrast, the motor 322 can be de-energized after the fan-shaped baffle 340 radially converges, resulting in lower power consumption, a smaller battery capacity, a more compact structure, and a longer operating range. Furthermore, the traditional valve structure of a magnetically driven flip-up baffle has poor sealing performance at the moving joints and is prone to failure.

[0091] The rotary switch module 300 also includes a second signal receiver 350 for receiving control signals from the control device 400 in the drilling spraying and wall-stabilizing system. These control signals include starting and stopping the spraying and wall-stabilizing operation. Starting the spraying and wall-stabilizing operation corresponds to the rotary switch module 300 switching to the off state, and stopping the spraying and wall-stabilizing operation corresponds to the rotary switch module 300 switching to the on state.

[0092] Optionally, the second signal receiver 350 and the control device 400 may communicate via Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or 5G / 4G / 3G. It should be understood that the above are merely illustrative examples and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0093] Optionally, the rotary switch module 300 may have a built-in power supply to provide power to the rotary drive mechanism 320. Of course, in some embodiments, the rotary drive mechanism 320, the wellbore detection module 100, and the electromagnetic drive mechanism 230 may share a power supply to reduce power requirements.

[0094] On the other hand, please see Figures 1 to 9 This embodiment also provides a drilling spraying and wall-stabilizing system, which includes a control device 400, a drill string device 500, and a drilling spraying and wall-stabilizing tool according to the above embodiment. The drilling spraying and wall-stabilizing tool is mounted on the drill string device 500, and the control device 400 is communicatively connected to the electromagnetic drive mechanism 230, the drill string device 500, and the wellbore detection module 100.

[0095] The control device 400 is configured to collect well wall quality information from the well wall detection module 100, determine the current well wall quality level, and issue a spraying and solidification operation signal when the current well wall quality level is lower than the preset critical level, so as to control the electromagnetic drive mechanism 230 and the drill string device 500 to perform the spraying and solidification operation.

[0096] On the other hand, please refer to Figures 1 to 9 This embodiment also provides a method for spraying solidification while drilling, applied to the aforementioned spraying solidification system. The method includes the following steps:

[0097] S100: Collect well wall quality information through the well wall detection module 100, and determine the current well wall quality level based on the well wall quality information.

[0098] The wellbore detection module 100 can collect wellbore quality information in real time during the drilling process and upload the wellbore quality information to the ground control device 400. The control device 400 evaluates the wellbore quality information in real time. When the ground control device 400 determines that a certain well section needs to be solidified (i.e., the wellbore quality level is lower than the preset critical value), it immediately makes the decision of step S200 and can calculate the required amount of spraying fluid based on the length of the spraying section.

[0099] S200: If the current wellbore quality level is lower than the preset critical level, stop the pump and drilling, and wait for subsequent spraying and wall stabilization operations.

[0100] S300: Control the spraying and wall-solidifying module 200 to perform spraying and wall-solidifying operations and inject spraying fluid into the guide cavity 201. Simultaneously control the drill string device 500 to perform drill string lifting and lowering actions and drill string rotation actions until the current well wall quality level meets the preset safety level. Then stop the spraying and wall-solidifying operation and resume normal drilling operations.

[0101] In this embodiment, during step S300, when the spraying and solidification module 200 performs the spraying and solidification operation, the electromagnetic drive mechanism 230 drives the sliding sleeve 232 to move towards the first positioning step 213, so that the through-flow hole 232b is aligned with the corresponding bypass hole 211. This allows the spraying liquid injected into the guide cavity 201 to sequentially enter the through-flow hole 232b, the bypass hole 211, and then the spraying nozzle 220, finally being sprayed onto the well wall by the spraying nozzle 220. Of course, to ensure the spraying pressure, the rotary switch module 300 is switched to the off state to prevent spraying liquid leakage, thereby ensuring the spraying effect.

[0102] Furthermore, the purpose of raising and lowering the drill string and rotating the drill string is to achieve comprehensive spraying of the target wellbore section in both vertical and circumferential directions, enhancing the wall-stabilizing effect. Vertical movement allows for secondary or multiple applications of enhanced spraying. During the spraying process, the wellbore detection module 100 simultaneously monitors the sprayed wellbore in real time. If the monitoring results indicate that the spraying quality meets requirements, the ground control device 400, upon determining that the drill string has been lowered to the predetermined position, issues a command to stop the wall-stabilizing spraying operation. The wall-stabilizing spraying device then resets, terminating the wall-stabilizing spraying operation and resuming drilling. Otherwise, the wall-stabilizing spraying operation continues.

[0103] In this embodiment, before controlling the spraying and solidification module 200 to perform the spraying and solidification operation and injecting the spraying liquid into the guide cavity 201, the above-mentioned step S300 further includes the following steps:

[0104] Isolation adhesive is injected into the guide flow cavity 201 to isolate the spraying fluid and drilling fluid.

[0105] Therefore, the drilling-while-drilling spraying wall-fixing system and method provided in this embodiment have the following advantages:

[0106] (1) The wellbore reinforcement operation has been made more proactive and precise: The wellbore detection module 100 detects and evaluates the wellbore quality in real time, and the decision is made by the ground control device 400. This embodiment changes the passive and blind operation mode that relies on experience or indirect parameter judgment. Based on the actual condition of the wellbore quality, "targeted spraying" can be initiated in a timely manner in the risk section or in the early stage of deterioration, realizing precise intervention of "one policy for each section", significantly improving the success rate of wellbore stabilization and the initiative of operation, and realizing the leap from "blind remediation" to "proactive and precise prevention and control".

[0107] (2) A more stable, reliable, and flexible spraying triggering mechanism is provided: the traditional mechanical triggering method of "ball throwing and pressure holding" is abandoned, and an electric drive triggering scheme is innovatively adopted, which is remotely controlled by ground signals and works in coordination with the electromagnetic drive component 231 and the rotary switch module 300. This mechanism accurately controls the smooth opening and closing of the spraying and wall-stabilizing operation through control commands, overcoming the inherent defects of the ball throwing method, such as cumbersome operation, reliability affected by well temperature, well pressure and drilling fluid performance, and limited number of repeatable switching times. It realizes the precision, reliability and unlimited repeatability of the triggering process, and greatly enhances the adaptability and stability of the drilling spraying and wall-stabilizing tool in harsh conditions such as ultra-deep wells and complex formations.

[0108] (3) It provides a reliable technical approach for the construction of ultra-deep wells and complex structure wells: by spraying special chemical agents to directly solidify the well wall, it can effectively stabilize the formation while maintaining the original size of the wellbore. This breaks through the limitation of the drilling limit depth by the traditional casing wall solidification process, and provides a new well wall strengthening technology for safe and efficient drilling of deep wells, ultra-deep wells, large displacement horizontal wells and complex structure wells.

[0109] The aforementioned control device 400 includes a PLC controller or an industrial computer, etc.

[0110] It should be noted that, in this application, unless otherwise stated, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" used to indicate orientation or positional relationships are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0111] The drill string device 500 and control device 400 described above are well known to those skilled in the art and are not part of the core improvements of this application, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0112] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0113] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between components; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0114] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0115] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A drill-in spray wall stabilizing tool, characterized by, Includes a wall-solidification spraying module (200), a wellbore detection module (100), and a rotary switch module (300): The spray coating wall-fixing module (200) has a spray nozzle (220) on its housing (210). The spray coating wall-fixing module (200) has a flow guide cavity (201) and an internal electromagnetic drive mechanism (230). The electromagnetic drive mechanism (230) controls the connection and disconnection between the flow guide cavity (201) and the spray nozzle (220). The electromagnetic drive mechanism (230) includes an electromagnetic drive assembly (231) and a sliding sleeve (232). The electromagnetic drive assembly (231) is disposed on the inner wall of the housing (210). The sliding sleeve... (232) Slidingly disposed within the housing (210) and driven connected to one end of the electromagnetic drive assembly (231) away from the well wall detection module (100), the electromagnetic drive assembly (231) is used to drive the sliding sleeve (232) to move along its own axis, the sliding sleeve (232) is provided with a first shaft hole (232a) forming the guide cavity (201), and the wall of the sliding sleeve (232) is provided with a flow passage hole (232b), the flow passage hole (232b) communicating with the first shaft hole (232a), when no spraying is performed During wall operation, the through-hole (232b) and the spray nozzle (220) are misaligned; the inner cavity of the housing (210) is provided with a stepped shaft hole, and a first positioning step (213) is formed in the stepped shaft hole. Along the length direction of the housing (210), the first positioning step (213) is located on the side of the spray nozzle (220) away from the well wall detection module (100). The end of the sliding sleeve (232) away from the electromagnetic drive assembly (231) is provided with a positioning end face (2322a). The first positioning step (213) to The distance between the spray nozzle (220) and the locating end face (2322a) and the through hole (232b) is L2, and L2 = L1 is satisfied; the sliding sleeve (232) includes a first shaft segment (2320) and a second shaft segment (2321) in the direction away from the electromagnetic drive assembly (231), the length of the second shaft segment (2321) is L3, and L3 > L2 is satisfied. During the movement of the sliding sleeve (232), the second shaft segment (2321) will always remain within the second shaft hole segment of the stepped shaft hole; The well wall detection module (100) is located at the liquid inlet end of the sprayed solidification module (200) and can establish a linkage mechanism with the electromagnetic drive mechanism (230); The rotary switch module (300) is disposed at one end of the housing (210) away from the well wall detection module (100). The rotary switch module (300) has a controllable on state and an off state. The rotary switch module (300) includes a fixed disk (310), a rotary drive mechanism (320), a rotating disk (330), and multiple sector-shaped baffles (340). The fixed disk (310) is disposed on the housing (210). The rotary drive mechanism (320) is disposed on the housing (210) and located on the side of the fixed disk (310) away from the well wall detection module (100). The rotating disk (330) is disposed on the side of the rotary drive mechanism (320) facing the fixed disk (310) and is drivenly connected to the rotary drive mechanism (320). 320) is used to drive the rotating disk (330) to rotate. A plurality of fan-shaped baffles (340) are radially movably arranged on the side of the fixed disk (310) facing the rotating disk (330) and drivenly connected to the rotating disk (330). The rotating disk (330) can drive all the fan-shaped baffles (340) to move synchronously in the radial direction. The fixed disk (310), the rotating drive mechanism (320) and the rotating disk (330) are all provided with hollow flow channels along the axial direction. The rotating drive mechanism (320) includes a sealing seat (321) and a drive motor (322) arranged in the sealing seat (321). The stator of the motor (322) is arranged in the sealing seat (321). The rotor shaft of the motor (322) is hollow and drivenly connected to the rotating disk (330). During the drilling process, the well wall detection module (100) is used to collect well wall quality information in real time and can feed back to the control device (400) of the drilling spray wall solidification system. The control device (400) is configured to determine the current well wall quality level based on the well wall quality information collected by the well wall detection module (100), and issue a spray wall solidification operation signal when the current well wall quality level is lower than the preset critical level. When performing the spray coating and wall-fixing operation, the electromagnetic drive assembly (231) drives the sliding sleeve (232) to move toward the first positioning step (213). When the positioning end face (2322a) abuts against the first positioning step (213), the movement of the sliding sleeve (232) is restricted so that the through hole (232b) is connected to the spray nozzle (220). At the same time, the rotary drive mechanism (320) drives the rotating disk (330) to rotate and drives all the fan-shaped baffles (340) to extend and converge radially to switch to the closed state. When the spray coating and wall-fixing operation is not performed, the rotary drive mechanism (320) drives the rotating disk (330) to rotate and drives all the fan-shaped baffles (340) to retract radially into the interlayer formed between the fixed disk (310) and the rotating disk (330) to switch to the open state.

2. The drilling spraying wall-fixing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second positioning step (2322) is formed between the first shaft segment (2320) and the second shaft segment (2321), the step surface of the second positioning step (2322) is the positioning end face (2322a), and the through hole (232b) is provided on the first shaft segment (2320); The stepped shaft hole is provided with a first shaft hole section and a second shaft hole section that respectively accommodate the first shaft body section (2320) and the second shaft body section (2321), and the second shaft body section (2321) is clearance-fitted with the second shaft hole section.

3. The drilling spraying wall-fixing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic drive assembly (231) includes: An electromagnetic drive body (2310) is disposed on the inner wall of the housing (210); An electromagnetic push rod (2311) is set through the electromagnetic drive body (2310) and is magnetically driven in cooperation with the electromagnetic drive body (2310). The electromagnetic drive body (2310) is used to drive the electromagnetic push rod (2311) to move along its own axis. The electromagnetic push rod (2311) is provided with a through second shaft hole along its own axis. The sliding sleeve (232) is connected to the electromagnetic push rod (2311), and the first shaft hole (232a) is connected to the second shaft hole.

4. A drilling-while-drilling spraying wall-fixing system, characterized in that, The device includes a control device (400), a drill string assembly (500), and a drilling spraying and wall-stabilizing tool according to any one of claims 1-3. The drilling spraying and wall-stabilizing tool is mounted on the drill string assembly (500), and the control device (400) is communicatively connected to the electromagnetic drive mechanism (230), the drill string assembly (500), and the wellbore detection module (100). The control device (400) is configured to collect the well wall quality information from the well wall detection module (100), determine the current well wall quality level, and issue a spraying solidification operation signal when the current well wall quality level is lower than a preset critical level, so as to control the electromagnetic drive mechanism (230) and the drill string device (500) to perform the spraying solidification operation.

5. A method for spraying solidification coating while drilling, characterized in that, Applied to the sprayed wall stabilization system according to claim 4, the sprayed wall stabilization method includes: The well wall quality information is collected by the well wall detection module (100), and the current well wall quality level is determined based on the well wall quality information; If the current wellbore quality grade is lower than the preset critical grade, stop pumping and drilling. The spraying and wall-solidifying module (200) is controlled to perform spraying and wall-solidifying operations and inject spraying fluid into the guide cavity (201). Simultaneously, the drill string device (500) is controlled to perform drill string lifting and lowering actions and drill string rotation actions until the current well wall quality level meets the preset safety level. Then, the spraying and wall-solidifying operation is stopped and normal drilling operations are resumed.

6. The drilling-while-drilling spraying method for wall stabilization according to claim 5, characterized in that, Before controlling the spraying and wall-fixing module (200) to perform the spraying and wall-fixing operation and injecting the spraying liquid into the guide cavity (201), the following steps are also included: Inject isolation adhesive into the flow channel (201) to isolate the spraying fluid and drilling fluid.

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