Sensor multiplexing current tracking control method, apparatus, and related device

Abstract

The application discloses a sensor multiplexing current tracking control method and device and related equipment, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a reference current output by a measured transformer, and collecting total inductance currents of n-phase interleaved transformers; the total inductance current is the sum of all inductance currents corresponding to n parallel half-bridge circuits; calculating a total current error between the total inductance current and the reference current; for each phase in the n phases, based on the total current error and the actual sampling value of the inductance current, a coupling reference value corresponding to the inductance current of each phase is generated; according to the coupling reference value, the duty cycle of the lower switch in each phase half-bridge circuit is calculated; based on the duty cycle calculated for each phase, the on-off state of the upper switch and the lower switch of the corresponding phase half-bridge circuit is controlled respectively, so that the total inductance current tracks the reference current. By introducing the coupling reference value based on the total current error, the current tracking speed and accuracy of the multi-phase interleaved transformer are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electronic power, and in particular to a sensor multiplexing current tracking control method, apparatus and related equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Power Hardware-in-the-Loop (PHIL) platforms have garnered significant attention as an advanced testing solution due to their substantial advantages in safety, flexibility, and cost-effectiveness. Compared to traditional mechanical test benches, PHIL platforms eliminate rotating and mechanical components, resulting in higher safety, lower maintenance costs, and superior flexibility and scalability. A typical PHIL system comprises a converter under test (DUT) and a power analog converter, connected via a passive filter. The core control objective of the system is to drive the inductor current of the power analog converter to track the reference current emitted by the DUT in real time and with high accuracy, thereby achieving real-time equivalent simulation of the complex electrical behavior of the DUT.

[0003] To achieve the aforementioned current tracking control, existing technologies employ methods such as asymmetric interleaved time-sharing frequency multiplication control. This method increases the equivalent switching frequency by controlling the interleaved operation of the multiphase converter, aiming to improve current tracking performance. However, this control strategy essentially still relies on each phase independently tracking its assigned reference current component, exhibiting inherent limitations in multiphase coordination and dynamic response speed.

[0004] When the PHIL platform is applied to scenarios with drastic changes in reference current, such as when the converter under test is an AC / DC or DC / AC converter, the shortcomings of existing asymmetric interleaved time-sharing frequency multiplication control methods become particularly prominent. Their current tracking speed is relatively slow, resulting in large tracking errors during dynamic processes. This lack of accuracy causes significant deviations between the input-output characteristics of the power analog converter and the real system, fundamentally affecting the simulation reliability and application value of the PHIL platform, making it difficult to meet the testing requirements of high precision and fast dynamic response. Therefore, a new method that can improve the cooperative control capability and dynamic tracking speed of multiphase systems is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a sensor multiplexing current tracking control method, apparatus, and related equipment. By introducing a coupled reference value based on the total current error, the current tracking speed and overall tracking accuracy of the multiphase interleaved converter under dynamic operating conditions can be significantly improved.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a sensor multiplexing current tracking control method applied to a power hardware-in-the-loop system. The power hardware-in-the-loop system includes a converter under test and an n-phase interleaved converter. The n-phase interleaved converter includes n parallel half-bridge circuits, each half-bridge circuit corresponding to one phase inductor. The method includes:

[0007] Acquire the reference current output of the converter under test and collect the total inductor current of the n-phase interleaved converter; the total inductor current is the sum of all inductor currents corresponding to the n parallel half-bridge circuits; calculate the total current error between the total inductor current and the reference current; for each of the n phases, generate a coupling reference value corresponding to the inductor current of each phase based on the total current error and the actual sampled value of the inductor current; calculate the duty cycle of the lower switch in each phase half-bridge circuit according to the coupling reference value; based on the duty cycle calculated for each phase, control the on / off state of the upper and lower switches of the corresponding phase half-bridge circuit respectively, so that the total inductor current tracks the reference current.

[0008] In one possible implementation, for each of the n phases, based on the total current error and the actual sampled value of the inductor current, a coupling reference value corresponding to the inductor current of each phase is generated, including:

[0009] Divide the reference current by the number of phases, subtract the actual sampled value of the inductor current in each phase, and add it to the total current error;

[0010] Multiply by a preset coupling coefficient to obtain the coupling reference value of the phase inductor current; the preset coupling coefficient ranges from 0 to 1.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the current controller is a proportional-integral controller or a predictive controller.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the modulation method used to control the on / off state of the switches in the half-bridge circuit is asymmetric interleaved time-division multiplexing modulation; wherein, within one switching cycle, the lower switches of the n-phase half-bridge circuit are controlled to be turned on sequentially.

[0013] In one possible implementation, within one switching cycle, the lower switches of the n-phase half-bridge circuit are controlled to conduct sequentially in turn, wherein:

[0014] Within one switching cycle, it sequentially enters 2n operating modes; n is an integer greater than 1.

[0015] In the (2m-1)th mode, only the lower switch of the m-th phase half-bridge circuit is turned on, while the lower switches of the remaining n-1 phase half-bridge circuits are turned off and the upper switches are turned on, where m is an integer from 1 to n.

[0016] In the 2m-th mode, all the lower switches of the n-phase half-bridge circuits are off and the upper switches are on, where m is an integer from 1 to n-1.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the n-phase interleaved converter is used as a power analog converter to make the total inductor current track a reference current from the converter under test in order to simulate the electrical characteristics of the converter under test.

[0018] In one possible implementation, for the first phase of n phases, the coupling reference value i L1,err Generate using the following formula:

[0019]

[0020] Among them, i ref The reference current is n, the number of phases is i L1,s i is the actual sampled value of the first phase inductor current. L,err Total current error; coupling reference value i L1,err The current is input to the current controller to calculate the duty cycle of the first phase.

[0021] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a sensor multiplexing current tracking control device applied to a power hardware-in-the-loop system including an n-phase interleaved converter. The n-phase interleaved converter includes n parallel half-bridge circuits, each half-bridge circuit corresponding to one phase inductor. The device includes: an acquisition module, a first calculation module, a generation module, a second calculation module, and a control module, wherein:

[0022] The acquisition module is used to acquire the reference current output by the converter under test and to collect the total inductor current of the n-phase interleaved converter; the total inductor current is the sum of all inductor currents corresponding to the n parallel half-bridge circuits.

[0023] The first calculation module is used to calculate the total current error between the total inductor current and the reference current.

[0024] The generation module is used to generate a coupling reference value for the inductor current of each phase in the n phases, based on the total current error and the actual sampled value of the inductor current.

[0025] The second calculation module is used to calculate the duty cycle of the lower switch in the half-bridge circuit of the phase based on the coupling reference value and the actual sampled value of the inductor current of the phase through the current controller.

[0026] The control module is used to control the on / off state of the upper and lower switches of the corresponding phase half-bridge circuit based on the duty cycle calculated for each phase, so that the total inductor current tracks the reference current.

[0027] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer storage medium storing multiple instructions adapted for loading by a processor and executing the steps of the above-described method.

[0028] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program being adapted to be loaded by the processor and to execute the steps of the above-described method.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided by some embodiments of the present invention include at least the following: by obtaining the total error between the total inductance current and the reference current of the system, and embedding this total error into each phase's independent control loop in a coupled manner to generate coupled reference values ​​for each phase, the duty cycle of each phase is coordinated, thereby achieving a coordinated response of the multiphase converter when tracking the dynamic reference current. This method overcomes the inherent defects of slow response and poor coordination in traditional independent phase-by-loop control, significantly improving the tracking speed and control accuracy of the power hardware-in-the-loop platform under conditions of rapid changes in reference current, thereby enhancing the accuracy and reliability of the overall system in simulating real electrical behavior. Simultaneously, this control structure based on total error coupling also helps optimize the system's dynamic performance and maintain control stability. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is an exemplary system architecture diagram of the sensor multiplexing current tracking control system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the topology of an n-phase interleaved converter provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 A schematic flowchart of the sensor multiplexing current tracking control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a block diagram of sensor multiplexing current tracking control based on an n-phase interleaved converter provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of the sensor multiplexing current tracking control device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In the following description, when referring to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of the invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0040] As mentioned earlier, the power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) platform is an advanced power electronics test system that tracks and reproduces the electrical characteristics of the converter under test in real time through a power analog converter. It has advantages such as high safety, good flexibility, and low cost, and is widely used in device testing in the fields of new energy and electric vehicles.

[0041] In existing technologies, asymmetric interleaved time-sharing frequency multiplication control is commonly used to control multiphase power analog converters in PHIL platforms in order to improve current tracking capability. However, this method mainly relies on independent control of each phase, resulting in limited system dynamic response speed. When faced with operating conditions where the reference current changes rapidly and significantly (e.g., the measured object is an AC / DC or DC / AC converter), the current tracking speed of existing methods is insufficient, leading to large tracking errors and making it difficult to guarantee high-precision simulation, thus affecting the reliability and practicality of the PHIL platform.

[0042] In view of this, the present invention provides a sensor multiplexing current tracking control method, apparatus, computer storage medium, and electronic device. The aim is to obtain the total error between the total inductance current and the reference current of the system, and to embed this total error in a coupled manner into each phase's independent control loop to generate coupled reference values ​​for each phase. This, in turn, coordinates the control duty cycle of each phase, achieving a coordinated response of the multiphase converter when tracking a dynamic reference current. This method overcomes the inherent defects of traditional independent phase-by-phase control, such as slow response and poor coordination, significantly improving the tracking speed and control accuracy of the power hardware-in-the-loop platform under rapidly changing reference current conditions. This enhances the accuracy and reliability of the overall system in simulating real electrical behavior. Simultaneously, this control structure based on total error coupling also helps optimize system dynamic performance and maintain control stability.

[0043] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the PHIL system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. This method is applied to a power hardware-in-the-loop system containing an n-phase interleaved converter. The n-phase interleaved converter includes n parallel half-bridge circuits, each half-bridge circuit corresponding to one phase inductor, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system consists of two parts: the converter under test (DUT) on the left and the power simulation converter on the right. It adopts a common DC bus structure, reducing the number of bidirectional DC / AC power converters on both sides and changing the energy circulation path from "AC-side power circulation" to "DC bus power circulation." This allows the DUT SiC module and the high-frequency switching simulation unit to share the same DC bus, thereby significantly reducing the cost and size of active devices, passive components, and grid-connected operation without affecting the high-precision simulation of the DUT and energy circulation.

[0044] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the topology of an n-phase interleaved converter provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, this topology is introduced into the PHIL system. In one possible embodiment, the n-phase interleaved converter serves as a power analog converter, used to make the total inductor current track a reference current from the converter under test (DUT) to simulate the electrical characteristics of the DUT. In this structure, the DUT is connected via a bus capacitor C. m Stable DC bus voltage V m and to C m Input or absorb input current I in The tested part of the bridge arm switch S L,H and S L,L The output voltage V is generated under the set control. in In the analog unit, the output capacitor C oUsed to filter out high-frequency ripple and achieve local energy buffering. Energy is input from the bus voltage to the unit under test, then flows from the unit under test into the analog unit and finally back to the bus voltage to achieve energy feedback.

[0045] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the sensor multiplexing current tracking control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The execution entity in this embodiment can be an electronic device performing sensor multiplexing current tracking control, a processor within the electronic device performing the sensor multiplexing current tracking control method, or a sensor multiplexing current tracking control service within the electronic device performing the sensor multiplexing current tracking control method. For ease of description, the following uses a processor within an electronic device as an example to illustrate the specific execution process of the sensor multiplexing current tracking control method.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, the sensor multiplexing current tracking control method may include at least:

[0047] S301. Obtain the reference current output of the converter under test, and collect the total inductor current of the n-phase interleaved converter; the total inductor current is the sum of all inductor currents corresponding to the n parallel half-bridge circuits.

[0048] Specifically, in the operation of a power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) system, to achieve high-precision simulation of the electrical characteristics of the converter under test (DUT) by the power analog converter, the starting point and foundation of its control logic lies in accurately acquiring the tracking target and real-time feedback. Specifically, firstly, the host computer or the local digital controller of the DUT, such as a DSP or FPGA, generates a reference current i characterizing its desired output or load behavior based on its internal algorithm and state. ref This signal is typically transmitted in real time to the controller of the power analog converter via a preset digital communication interface, such as Ethernet, PCIe, or an analog signal link. On the analog converter side, the controller synchronously receives the reference current i through its corresponding input interface. ref This value is then stored in a memory register as the tracking target value for the current control cycle. Simultaneously, to form the feedback necessary for closed-loop control, the total output current of the power analog converter needs to be acquired; this total output current is the total inductor current i of the n-phase interleaved converter. L Physically, this is equal to the sum of the instantaneous values ​​of the inductor currents in the n parallel half-bridge branches within it. In practice, one of two mainstream methods can be used for data acquisition: the first method is to connect a high-bandwidth, high-precision current sensor (e.g., a Hall effect current sensor or a Rogowski coil) in series on the converter's total output bus to directly measure and output the total inductor current i. LThe first method involves a voltage or current signal that is directly proportional to the current. The second method reuses existing current sensors on each phase branch. Specifically, current sensors are installed on each branch containing the inductor to synchronously sample and obtain the instantaneous current values ​​of each phase. These sampled values ​​are then summed in real-time using a software algorithm within the controller to calculate the total inductor current i. L Regardless of the method used, the total inductance current i obtained is... L Analog signals all need to go through signal conditioning circuits, such as filtering and amplification, before being converted into digital quantities by the controller's analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for use by subsequent control algorithms.

[0049] S302. Calculate the total current error between the total inductor current and the reference current.

[0050] Specifically, inside the controller, the reference current i obtained in the previous step is read. ref and total inductor current i L The value is used to perform a subtraction operation: i L,err =i ref - i L This operation is typically performed by the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) in a digital controller within one clock cycle. The calculated total current error i L,err This is a signed scalar value whose sign and magnitude directly reflect whether the total current is below or above the reference value and the degree of deviation. This error value is the basis and foundation for all subsequent control adjustments. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 4 , Figure 4 The sensor multiplexing current tracking control block diagram based on an n-phase interleaved converter provided in this embodiment of the invention is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, each phase half-bridge circuit operates independently, and each phase is allowed to have a different duty cycle. By introducing a total current error into each phase control loop, the control of the inductor current in each phase is no longer simply tracking i. ref Instead of / n, it directly affects the total inductor current i. L and reference current i ref The difference between them is adjusted so that i L to i ref The tracking is faster and more accurate. Taking the L1 phase control loop as an example, in this control loop, the reference current i... ref and the sampled value of the total inductor current The total current error i is obtained L,err Its expression is as follows:

[0051]

[0052] S303. For each of the n phases, based on the total current error and the actual sampled value of the inductor current, generate the coupling reference value corresponding to the inductor current of each phase.

[0053] Specifically, a dynamically adjusted reference current value is generated for each phase, taking into account not only its own assigned task but also the overall system deviation. In practice, a "local deviation" reflecting the deviation between the phase's own state and the average expected value is calculated. This is typically obtained by comparing the actual sampled value of the phase's inductor current with its preset assigned reference value, which is generally the total reference current i. ref The total current error is calculated as 1 / n, where n is the number of phases. Then, the total current error calculated in the previous step is introduced and combined with the local deviation according to specific rules. The purpose of this combination operation is to generate a new, corrected current reference value, i.e., the coupled reference value. This process ensures that the control target of each phase not only focuses on whether it has achieved its average distribution task, but also senses and responds to the overall output deviation of the system. When there is an error in the total current, the coupled reference values ​​of all phases will simultaneously obtain a correction amount in the same direction. For example, for the first phase, the local deviation of the phase current is first calculated. The total reference current i_ref is divided by the number of phases n to obtain the theoretical average distribution value of the phase. Then, the actual sampled value of the inductor current of the phase is subtracted from this value to obtain the local deviation. Next, the total current error i_ref obtained in the previous step is... L,err The values ​​are summed, and finally multiplied by a preset coupling coefficient to obtain a coupling reference value. This preset coupling coefficient is typically set between 0 and 1. This method obtains the coupling reference value by summing the "local deviation" reflecting the system's own deviation from the uniform flow state and the "total error" reflecting the system's overall deviation from the target, and then adjusting it using a unified coefficient. Limiting the coefficient to the [0,1] interval ensures that the adjustment is moderate and convergent. When the coefficient is 0.5, it means that the local deviation and the total error are given equal weight, and their average is taken as the control target. This is an effective strategy that balances self-correction and global response speed. For a possible implementation, please refer to [further details needed]. Figure 4 Taking the L1 phase control loop as an example, its coupling reference value The calculation formula is as follows:

[0054]

[0055] S304. Calculate the duty cycle of the lower switch in each phase half-bridge circuit based on the coupling reference value.

[0056] Specifically, the controller uses the generated coupling reference value for that phase as the current command for the current control cycle. This command is compared with the actual sampled value of the inductor current for that phase, generating an instantaneous current tracking error for that phase. This error signal is then sent to a current controller. The current controller processes the error signal according to its internal control law (such as proportional and integral operations), calculates in real time, and outputs a duty cycle command. This duty cycle is a value between 0 and 1, which directly determines the proportion of the conduction time of the lower switch transistor of that phase's half-bridge circuit in the next switching cycle, thereby controlling the rate of increase or decrease of the inductor current in that phase, enabling it to track the dynamically changing coupling reference value.

[0057] In one possible implementation, the current controller is either a proportional-integral (PI) controller or a predictive controller. PI controllers are simple in structure, robust, and do not require high model accuracy, making them a reliable and mature choice in industrial practice. Predictive controllers have extremely fast dynamic responses, achieving theoretically optimal tracking, and are suitable for applications with extremely high dynamic performance requirements. Those skilled in the art can choose the appropriate controller based on specific application needs.

[0058] S305. Based on the duty cycle calculated for each phase, control the on / off state of the upper and lower switches of the corresponding phase half-bridge circuit respectively, so that the total inductor current tracks the reference current.

[0059] Specifically, the controller writes the calculated n duty cycle commands into the comparator register of the corresponding pulse width modulation (PWM) generator. The PWM generator uses these duty cycle commands and a high-frequency carrier wave (such as a triangular wave) as a basis to generate n drive signals with corresponding pulse widths. These drive signals, after isolation and amplification circuitry, are applied to the gates of the power switches (such as MOSFETs or IGBTs) in the n half-bridge circuits, precisely controlling their on / off timing. Specifically, the upper and lower switching signals of the same half-bridge are typically made complementary (a dead time is inserted to prevent shoot-through). Through this direct duty cycle-based control, the inductor current of each phase is independently and precisely adjusted, and their vector sum—that is, the total inductor current—can be driven quickly and accurately, thereby achieving high-performance tracking of the reference current.

[0060] In one possible implementation, the modulation method used to control the on / off state of the switches in the half-bridge circuit is asymmetric interleaved time-division multiplexing modulation. For an n-phase system, n PWM output channels are set, all channels using triangular waves of the same frequency and amplitude as carrier waves, but with a fixed phase difference between them. Specifically, the carrier phase of the k-th (k=1,2,…,n) PWM channel lags behind the first channel by (k-1) / n*360 degrees. In this way, the PWM drive pulses generated by comparing these carrier waves with the duty cycles of each phase are uniformly staggered on the time axis. Therefore, within a total switching cycle, the conduction times of the n lower switches are staggered sequentially, achieving "sequential turn-on". By using interleaved modulation technology, the switching actions of each phase are evenly distributed in time, which can increase the ripple frequency of the total output current to n times that of a single phase, effectively reducing the ripple amplitude, reducing the need for filters, and providing an independent execution time window for each phase based on its independent coupling reference value and different duty cycles.

[0061] Within a switching cycle, the circuit sequentially enters 2n operating modes. These 2n modes repeat periodically. For example, in the (2m-1)th mode (where m is an integer from 1 to n), only the lower switch of the m-th phase half-bridge circuit is turned on, while the lower switches of the remaining n-1 phase half-bridge circuits are turned off and the upper switches are turned on. For instance, when m=1, it is the first mode, and in the n-phase half-bridge interleaved circuit, only phase L1 is the lower switch S. L1,L On, switch S L1,H With the circuit turned off, all other phases have their upper switches on and lower switches off. Only inductor L1 is charged. Therefore, in the first mode, the state-space equations for the inductor currents are:

[0062]

[0063] In the formula, V in Represents the port input voltage, V o This is the port output voltage. Where V... in With V o Approximately equal, we can conclude that the rate of change of current in all inductors except L1 in the n-phase half-bridge interleaved circuit is 0 in mode I. Therefore, the total inductor current i can be obtained. L The value at time t1 is:

[0064]

[0065] In the formula, i L Let Δi be the inductor current. L1 (t1-t0) represents the current i L1 The change between t0 and t1, D1 is the switch S of phase L1. L1,L Duty cycle, TS The switching cycle.

[0066] In the 2m-th mode, all lower switches of the n-phase half-bridge circuit are off and all upper switches are on, where m is an integer from 1 to n-1. For example, when m=1, it is the second mode, in which all phases of the n-phase half-bridge interleaved circuit have their lower switches off and their upper switches on. Therefore, the state-space equations for the inductor currents in both modes are:

[0067]

[0068] Since the rate of change of each phase is 0 during the second mode, the total inductance i L It remains constant during the period t1-t2. Therefore, the total inductance current i can be obtained. L The value at time t1 is:

[0069]

[0070] In the formula, Δi L1 (t2-t1) represents the current i L1 The change between t2 and t1.

[0071] In the (2m-1)th mode, when m equals 2, it is the third mode, at which point the N-phase half-bridge interleaved circuit has only L n Phase is the lower switch S Ln,L On, switch S Ln,H With the circuit off, all other phases have their upper switches on and lower switches off. Only inductor Ln is charged. Therefore, in mode (2m-1), the state-space equations for the inductor currents are:

[0072]

[0073] V in With V o Approximately equal, it can be concluded that the rate of change of current in all inductors except Ln in the n-phase half-bridge interleaved circuit is 0 in mode 2m-1. Therefore, the total inductor current i can be obtained. L In t 2n-1 The value at time:

[0074]

[0075] In the formula, Δ iLn (t) 2n-1 -t 2n-2 ) is the current i Ln In t 2n-1 and t 2n-2 The change between them, D n For L n Phase-down switch SLn,L The duty cycle. In summary, the total inductor current i can be obtained. L The value at the end of one switching cycle is:

[0076]

[0077] At the reference current i ref During the rise, one switching cycle of the n-phase half-bridge interleaved circuit has ended. Since the operating principle of the n-phase half-bridge interleaved circuit is symmetrically reversed when the reference current decreases, this will not be elaborated further in this embodiment. This 2n-mode sequence is a concrete manifestation of "interleaved modulation" and "sequential switching of the lower transistors" in the power circuit behavior. Odd-numbered modes enable each phase's lower transistor to charge its respective inductor in a time-sharing and orderly manner; even-numbered modes provide a unified freewheeling phase for all phases. This highly structured and regular operating mode not only simplifies system analysis and control design but also makes the total output current ripple frequency reach 2n times the switching frequency, improving the system's equivalent control bandwidth and facilitating smooth and fast current tracking.

[0078] This invention provides a sensor multiplexing current tracking control method. By acquiring the total error between the system's total inductance current and the reference current, and embedding this total error into each phase's independent control loop in a coupled manner to generate coupled reference values ​​for each phase, the duty cycle of each phase is coordinated, achieving a coordinated response of the multiphase converter when tracking a dynamic reference current. This method overcomes the inherent defects of traditional independent phase-by-phase control, such as slow response and poor coordination, improving the tracking speed and control accuracy of the power hardware-in-the-loop platform under rapidly changing reference current conditions. This enhances the accuracy and reliability of the overall system in simulating real electrical behavior. Furthermore, this control structure based on total error coupling also helps optimize system dynamic performance and maintain control stability.

[0079] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of a sensor multiplexing current tracking control device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As shown: The sensor multiplexing current tracking control device 500 includes: an acquisition module 510, a first calculation module 520, a generation module 530, a second calculation module 540, and a control module 550, wherein:

[0080] The acquisition module 510 is used to acquire the reference current output by the converter under test and to collect the total inductor current of the n-phase interleaved converter; the total inductor current is the sum of all inductor currents corresponding to the n parallel half-bridge circuits.

[0081] The first calculation module 520 is used to calculate the total current error between the total inductor current and the reference current.

[0082] The generation module 530 is used to generate a coupling reference value for the inductor current of each phase for each of the n phases, based on the total current error and the actual sampled value of the inductor current.

[0083] The second calculation module 540 is used to calculate the duty cycle of the lower switch in the half-bridge circuit of the phase based on the coupling reference value and the actual sampled value of the inductor current of the phase through the current controller.

[0084] The control module 550 is used to control the on / off state of the upper and lower switches of the corresponding phase half-bridge circuit based on the duty cycle calculated for each phase, so that the total inductor current tracks the reference current.

[0085] In some possible embodiments, the generation module 530 includes:

[0086] The first calculation unit is used to divide the reference current by the number of phases, subtract the actual sampled value of the inductor current of each phase, and add it to the total current error.

[0087] The second calculation unit is used to multiply by a preset coupling coefficient to obtain the coupling reference value of the phase inductor current; the preset coupling coefficient ranges from 0 to 1.

[0088] In some possible embodiments, the current controller is a proportional-integral controller or a predictive controller.

[0089] In some possible embodiments, the modulation method used to control the on / off state of the switches in the half-bridge circuit is asymmetric interleaved time-division multiplexing modulation; wherein, within one switching cycle, the lower switches of the n-phase half-bridge circuit are controlled to be turned on sequentially.

[0090] In some possible embodiments, within one switching cycle, the lower switches of the n-phase half-bridge circuit are controlled to conduct sequentially in turn, wherein:

[0091] Within one switching cycle, it sequentially enters 2n operating modes; n is an integer greater than 1.

[0092] In the (2m-1)th mode, only the lower switch of the m-th phase half-bridge circuit is turned on, while the lower switches of the remaining n-1 phase half-bridge circuits are turned off and the upper switches are turned on, where m is an integer from 1 to n.

[0093] In the 2m-th mode, all the lower switches of the n-phase half-bridge circuits are off and the upper switches are on, where m is an integer from 1 to n-1.

[0094] In some possible embodiments, the n-phase interleaved converter serves as a power analog converter, used to make the total inductor current track a reference current from the converter under test to simulate the electrical characteristics of the converter under test.

[0095] In some possible embodiments, for the first phase of n phases, the coupling reference value i L1,err Generate using the following formula:

[0096]

[0097] Among them, i ref The reference current is n, the number of phases is i L1,s i is the actual sampled value of the first phase inductor current. L,err Total current error; coupling reference value i L1,err The current is input to the current controller to calculate the duty cycle of the first phase.

[0098] It should be noted that the sensor multiplexing current tracking control device provided in the above embodiments is only illustrated by the division of the above functional modules when executing the sensor multiplexing current tracking control method. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the sensor multiplexing current tracking control device and the sensor multiplexing current tracking control method embodiments provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept, and the implementation process is detailed in the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0099] The sequence numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0100] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 As shown, the electronic device 600 may include: at least one processor 601, at least one network interface 604, user interface 603, memory 605, and at least one communication bus 602.

[0101] The communication bus 602 is used to enable communication between these components.

[0102] The user interface 603 may include a display screen and a camera. Optional user interfaces 603 may include standard wired interfaces and wireless interfaces.

[0103] The network interface 604 may optionally include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface, such as a Wi-Fi interface.

[0104] The processor 601 may include one or more processing cores. The processor 601 connects to various parts within the electronic device 600 using various interfaces and lines, and performs various functions and processes data by running or executing instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets stored in the memory 605, and by calling data stored in the memory 605. Optionally, the processor 601 may be implemented using at least one hardware form of Digital Signal Processing (DSP), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or Programmable Logic Array (PLA). The processor 601 may integrate one or a combination of several of the following: Central Processing Unit (CPU), Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), and modem. The CPU primarily handles the operating system, user interface, and applications; the GPU is responsible for rendering and drawing the content required for display; and the modem handles wireless communication. It is understood that the modem may also not be integrated into the processor 601 and may be implemented as a separate chip.

[0105] The memory 605 may include random access memory (RAM) or read-only memory. Optionally, the memory 605 may include a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The memory 605 may be used to store instructions, programs, code, code sets, or instruction sets. The memory 605 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for at least one function (such as touch function, sound playback function, image playback function, etc.), instructions for implementing the above-described method embodiments, etc.; the data storage area may store data involved in the above-described method embodiments, etc. Optionally, the memory 605 may also be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor 601. Figure 6 As shown, the memory 605, which serves as a computer storage medium, may include an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and a sensor multiplexing current tracking control application.

[0106] exist Figure 6In the illustrated electronic device 600, the user interface 603 is mainly used to provide an input interface for the user and acquire user input data; while the processor 601 can be used to call the sensor multiplexing current tracking control application stored in the memory 605, and specifically perform the following operations: acquire the reference current output by the converter under test, and collect the total inductor current of the n-phase interleaved converter; the total inductor current is the sum of all inductor currents corresponding to the n parallel half-bridge circuits; calculate the total current error between the total inductor current and the reference current; for each of the n phases, based on the total current error and the actual sampled value of the inductor current, generate a coupling reference value corresponding to the inductor current of each phase; calculate the duty cycle of the lower switch in each phase half-bridge circuit according to the coupling reference value; based on the duty cycle calculated for each phase, control the on / off state of the upper and lower switches of the corresponding phase half-bridge circuit respectively, so that the total inductor current tracks the reference current.

[0107] In some possible embodiments, the processor 601 performs the following operations for each of the n phases: generating a coupling reference value for the inductor current of each phase based on the total current error and the actual sampled value of the inductor current; specifically, this is used to perform:

[0108] Divide the reference current by the number of phases, subtract the actual sampled value of the inductor current in each phase, and add it to the total current error;

[0109] Multiply by a preset coupling coefficient to obtain the coupling reference value of the phase inductor current; the preset coupling coefficient ranges from 0 to 1.

[0110] In some possible embodiments, the current controller is a proportional-integral controller or a predictive controller.

[0111] In some possible embodiments, the modulation method used to control the on / off state of the switches in the half-bridge circuit is asymmetric interleaved time-division multiplexing modulation; wherein, within one switching cycle, the lower switches of the n-phase half-bridge circuit are controlled to be turned on sequentially.

[0112] In some possible embodiments, within one switching cycle, the lower switches of the n-phase half-bridge circuit are controlled to conduct sequentially in turn, wherein:

[0113] Within one switching cycle, it sequentially enters 2n operating modes; n is an integer greater than 1.

[0114] In the (2m-1)th mode, only the lower switch of the m-th phase half-bridge circuit is turned on, while the lower switches of the remaining n-1 phase half-bridge circuits are turned off and the upper switches are turned on, where m is an integer from 1 to n.

[0115] In the 2m-th mode, all the lower switches of the n-phase half-bridge circuits are off and the upper switches are on, where m is an integer from 1 to n-1.

[0116] In some possible embodiments, the n-phase interleaved converter serves as a power analog converter, used to make the total inductor current track a reference current from the converter under test to simulate the electrical characteristics of the converter under test.

[0117] In some possible embodiments, for the first phase of n phases, the coupling reference value i L1,err Generate using the following formula:

[0118]

[0119] Among them, i ref The reference current is n, the number of phases is i L1,s i is the actual sampled value of the first phase inductor current. L,err Total current error; coupling reference value i L1,err The current is input to the current controller to calculate the duty cycle of the first phase.

[0120] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a computer or processor, cause the computer or processor to perform the above-described instructions. Figure 3 One or more steps in the illustrated embodiment. If the constituent modules of the above-described sensor multiplexing current tracking control device are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in the computer-readable storage medium.

[0121] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially as a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present invention are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted through the computer-readable storage medium. The computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media may be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., digital versatile discs (DVDs)), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid state disks (SSDs)).

[0122] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. This program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks. Unless otherwise specified, the technical features of this embodiment and its implementation schemes can be combined arbitrarily.

[0123] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to these embodiments, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A sensor multiplexing current tracking control method, characterized in that, The method is applied to a power hardware-in-the-loop system, which includes a converter under test (DUT) and an n-phase interleaved converter. The n-phase interleaved converter includes n parallel half-bridge circuits, each half-bridge circuit corresponding to one phase inductor. Obtain the reference current output by the converter under test, and collect the total inductor current of the n-phase interleaved converter; the total inductor current is the sum of all inductor currents corresponding to the n parallel half-bridge circuits; Calculate the total current error between the total inductor current and the reference current; For each of the n phases, a coupling reference value corresponding to the inductor current of each phase is generated based on the total current error and the actual sampled value of the inductor current. For each of the n phases, based on the total current error and the actual sampled value of the inductor current, a coupling reference value corresponding to the inductor current of each phase is generated, including: Divide the reference current by the number of phases, subtract the actual sampled value of the inductor current for each phase, and add it to the total current error; Multiply by a preset coupling coefficient to obtain the coupling reference value of the phase inductor current; the preset coupling coefficient ranges from 0 to 1; Based on the coupling reference value, the duty cycle of the lower switch in each phase half-bridge circuit is calculated by the current controller; Based on the duty cycle calculated for each phase, the on / off states of the upper and lower switches of the corresponding phase half-bridge circuit are controlled respectively, so that the total inductor current tracks the reference current.

2. The sensor multiplexing current tracking control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The current controller is a proportional-integral controller or a predictive controller.

3. The sensor multiplexing current tracking control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modulation method used to control the on / off state of the switches in the half-bridge circuit is asymmetric interleaved time-division frequency multiplication modulation; wherein, within one switching cycle, the lower switches of the n parallel half-bridge circuits are controlled to be turned on in turn in sequence.

4. The sensor multiplexing current tracking control method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Within one switching cycle, the lower switches of the n parallel half-bridge circuits are controlled to sequentially conduct in turn, wherein: Within one switching cycle, it sequentially enters 2n operating modes; n is an integer greater than 1. In the (2m-1)th mode, only the lower switch of the m-th phase half-bridge circuit is turned on, while the lower switches of the remaining n-1 phase half-bridge circuits are turned off and the upper switches are turned on, where m is an integer from 1 to n. In the 2m-th mode, the lower switches of the n parallel half-bridge circuits are all off and the upper switches are all on, where m is an integer from 1 to n-1.

5. The sensor multiplexing current tracking control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The n-phase interleaved converter serves as a power analog converter, used to make the total inductor current track the reference current from the converter under test, in order to simulate the electrical characteristics of the converter under test.

6. The sensor multiplexing current tracking control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, For the first phase of the n phases, the coupling reference value i L1,err Generate using the following formula: Among them, i ref The reference current is n, where n is the number of phases, and i L1,s i is the actual sampled value of the first phase inductor current. L,err The total current error; the coupling reference value i L1,err The current is input to the current controller to calculate the duty cycle of the first phase.

7. A sensor multiplexing current tracking control device, characterized in that, A power hardware-in-the-loop system including an n-phase interleaved converter, wherein the n-phase interleaved converter comprises n parallel half-bridge circuits, each half-bridge circuit corresponding to one phase inductor, the device comprising: The acquisition module is used to acquire the reference current output by the converter under test and to collect the total inductor current of the n-phase interleaved converter; the total inductor current is the sum of all inductor currents corresponding to the n parallel half-bridge circuits. The first calculation module is used to calculate the total current error between the total inductor current and the reference current: The generation module is used to generate a coupling reference value for the inductor current of each phase in the n phases, based on the total current error and the actual sampled value of the inductor current. Specifically, the generation module is used to: divide the reference current by the number of phases and subtract the actual sampled value of the inductor current of each phase, and add it to the total current error; multiply by a preset coupling coefficient to obtain the coupling reference value of the inductor current of that phase; the preset coupling coefficient has a value range of 0 to 1. The second calculation module is used to calculate the duty cycle of the lower switch in the half-bridge circuit of the phase based on the coupling reference value and the actual sampled value of the phase inductor current through the current controller. The control module is used to control the on / off state of the upper and lower switches of the corresponding phase half-bridge circuit based on the duty cycle calculated for each phase, so that the total inductor current tracks the reference current.

8. A computer storage medium, characterized in that, The computer storage medium stores a plurality of instructions adapted for loading by a processor and executing the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the program, implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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