Method and device for detecting pulse magnetic field interference of intelligent electric meter

Abstract

The invention provides a method and device for detecting pulse magnetic field interference of an intelligent electric meter, and belongs to the field of instruments.The device is arranged in the intelligent electric meter, a magnetic field coil is used for generating an induced voltage signal when magnetic field interference is detected, and an amplitude limiter is used for restraining the voltage amplitude of the induced voltage signal; the low-pass filter is used for filtering high-frequency signals in the first voltage signals after amplitude suppression; the high-pass filter is used for filtering low-frequency signals in the second voltage signals after amplitude suppression; the pulse detector is used for processing the first voltage signal after the high-frequency signal is filtered into a direct-current signal to obtain a first direct-current voltage; the radio frequency detector is used for processing the second voltage signal after the low-frequency signal is filtered into a direct-current signal to obtain a second direct-current voltage; and the microprocessor is used for generating an electromagnetic interference event record based on the first direct-current voltage and / or the second direct-current voltage. After the intelligent electric meter is subjected to electromagnetic interference, the electromagnetic interference can be accurately detected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of instrumentation, and more specifically, relates to a method and apparatus for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in smart meters. Background Technology

[0002] Smart meters are increasingly used in modern power systems. However, as complex and sophisticated electronic devices, smart meters integrate a large number of digital and analog circuits. When these circuits are subjected to strong electromagnetic interference, serious problems such as inaccurate metering or loss of function may occur. In some cases, the interference intensity may even cause the meter to stop working or be permanently damaged. Through theoretical analysis, simulation experiments, and field experience, it has been found that high-intensity pulsed magnetic field interference has a relatively significant impact on smart meters. Furthermore, the devices that generate this interference are relatively simple and easily exploited as electromagnetic attack tools against smart meters. Moreover, electromagnetic interference damage to smart meters generally leaves no obvious traces, making it difficult to detect visually, thus hindering the ability of power companies to trace and prevent losses.

[0003] Therefore, how to accurately detect electromagnetic interference after a smart meter is subjected to electromagnetic interference has become a key issue. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a method and apparatus for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in smart meters, so as to accurately detect electromagnetic interference after the smart meter is subjected to electromagnetic interference.

[0005] A first aspect of this application provides a device for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in a smart meter. The device is installed in the smart meter and includes: a magnetic field coil, a limiter, a high-pass filter, a low-pass filter, a radio frequency detector, a pulse detector, and a microprocessor.

[0006] The magnetic field coil is connected to the limiter; the limiter is connected to both the high-pass filter and the low-pass filter; the high-pass filter is connected to the radio frequency detector; the low-pass filter is connected to the pulse detector; and the radio frequency detector and the pulse detector are both connected to the microprocessor.

[0007] The magnetic field coil is used to generate an induced voltage signal when magnetic field interference is detected, wherein the electromagnetic interference includes at least one of pulse magnetic field interference and radio frequency magnetic field interference.

[0008] The limiter is used to suppress the voltage amplitude of the induced voltage signal;

[0009] The low-pass filter is used to filter out high-frequency signals in the first voltage signal after amplitude suppression. The first voltage signal is a voltage signal generated based on pulse magnetic field interference.

[0010] The high-pass filter is used to filter out low-frequency signals in the second voltage signal after amplitude suppression. The second voltage signal is a voltage signal generated based on radio frequency magnetic field interference.

[0011] The pulse detector is used to process the first voltage signal after filtering out high-frequency signals into a DC signal to obtain a first DC voltage.

[0012] The radio frequency detector is used to process the second voltage signal after filtering out low-frequency signals into a DC signal to obtain a second DC voltage.

[0013] The microprocessor is used to generate an electromagnetic interference event record based on a first DC voltage and / or a second DC voltage.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the device further includes at least two analog-to-digital converters;

[0015] The at least two analog-to-digital converters are disposed in the microprocessor, and the radio frequency detector and the pulse detector are connected to the microprocessor through the analog-to-digital converters;

[0016] The analog-to-digital converter is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the first DC voltage and / or the second DC voltage to obtain the converted first DC voltage and / or the converted second DC voltage.

[0017] The microprocessor is specifically configured to compare the converted first DC voltage with a voltage threshold, and generate a first electromagnetic interference event record when the voltage is greater than the voltage threshold, and / or compare the converted second DC voltage with a voltage threshold, and generate a second electromagnetic interference event record when the voltage is greater than the voltage threshold, wherein the first electromagnetic interference event record and the second electromagnetic interference event record contain an electromagnetic interference type.

[0018] In another possible implementation, the microprocessor is further configured to generate and output a first alarm signal when the converted first DC voltage is greater than the voltage threshold, and / or generate and output a second alarm signal when the converted second DC voltage is greater than the voltage threshold.

[0019] In another possible implementation, the microprocessor is provided with a communication interface, and the microprocessor is used to connect to the smart meter through the communication interface;

[0020] Specifically, the microprocessor is used to send the first electromagnetic interference event record to the smart meter through the communication interface, and / or to provide the second electromagnetic interference event record to the smart meter through the communication interface.

[0021] In another possible implementation, the device further includes: a shielding cover;

[0022] The limiter, the high-pass filter, the low-pass filter, the radio frequency detector, the pulse detector, and the microprocessor are all housed within the shielding enclosure.

[0023] In another possible implementation, the magnetic field coil utilizes the top layer trace of the PCB to connect with the bottom layer trace of the PCB through a hole, forming a rectangular multi-turn coil with the PCB thickness as the width and the PCB trace as the length.

[0024] With any vertex of the top layer of the PCB as the center, the long side of the PCB as the X-axis, the wide side of the PCB as the Y-axis, and the thickness direction of the PCB as the Z-axis, the difference between the total projected area of ​​the multi-turn coil in the XY plane, XZ plane, and YZ plane is less than a first preset threshold, and the difference between the total projected area of ​​the multi-turn coil in the XZ plane and YZ plane and the projected area in the XY plane is less than a second preset threshold.

[0025] In another possible implementation, the device further includes a power supply;

[0026] The power source is used to provide power to the device for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in smart meters.

[0027] A second aspect of this application provides a method for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in a smart meter, executed by an apparatus for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in a smart meter as shown in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof. The method includes: when magnetic field interference is detected, generating an induced voltage signal through a magnetic field coil, wherein the electromagnetic interference includes at least one of pulse magnetic field interference and radio frequency magnetic field interference.

[0028] The voltage amplitude of the induced voltage signal is suppressed by a limiter;

[0029] If the induced voltage signal is a first voltage signal, then the first voltage signal after amplitude suppression is passed through a low-pass filter to filter out high-frequency signals; the first voltage signal is a voltage signal generated based on pulse magnetic field interference;

[0030] If the induced voltage signal is a second voltage signal, then the second voltage signal after amplitude suppression is passed through a high-pass filter to filter out low-frequency signals; the second voltage signal is a voltage signal generated based on radio frequency magnetic field interference;

[0031] The first voltage signal after filtering out high-frequency signals is processed into a DC voltage by a pulse detector to obtain a first DC signal, and / or the second voltage signal after filtering out low-frequency signals is processed into a DC voltage to obtain a second DC signal;

[0032] The first DC voltage and / or the second DC voltage are used by a microprocessor to generate an electromagnetic interference event record.

[0033] A third aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in a smart meter.

[0034] A fourth aspect of this application provides a computer program product, including a computer program or computer-executable instructions, wherein when the computer program or computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the steps of the above-described method for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in a smart meter.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the method and apparatus for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in smart meters provided in this application are as follows:

[0036] This application provides a device for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in a smart meter, and the device is installed in the smart meter. In this device, a magnetic field coil is used to detect pulse magnetic field interference and radio frequency magnetic field interference, and generates an induced voltage signal when at least one of pulse magnetic field interference and radio frequency magnetic field interference is detected; a limiter is used to suppress the voltage amplitude of the induced voltage signal; a low-pass filter is used to filter out high-frequency signals in the first voltage signal after amplitude suppression, the first voltage signal being a voltage signal generated based on pulse magnetic field interference; a high-pass filter is used to filter out low-frequency signals in the second voltage signal after amplitude suppression, the second voltage signal being a voltage signal generated based on radio frequency magnetic field interference; a pulse detector is used to process the first voltage signal after filtering out high-frequency signals into a DC signal to obtain a first DC voltage; a radio frequency detector is used to process the second voltage signal after filtering out low-frequency signals into a DC signal to obtain a second DC voltage; and a microprocessor is used to generate an electromagnetic interference event record based on the first DC voltage and / or the second DC voltage. In this embodiment, when the smart meter is subjected to interference, such as pulse magnetic field interference and / or radio frequency magnetic field interference, the pulse magnetic field interference and radio frequency magnetic field interference can be converted into corresponding DC voltages, and corresponding electromagnetic interference event records can be generated in the microprocessor. This enables accurate detection of electromagnetic interference after the smart meter is subjected to electromagnetic interference, which can be used to provide objective evidence for the power supply company and can also serve as an auxiliary basis for subsequent loss recovery. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a device for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in a smart meter, provided as an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 2 A planar schematic diagram of a magnetic field coil provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 3 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a magnetic field coil provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another device for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in smart meters, provided as an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of another device for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in smart meters, provided as an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in a smart meter, provided as an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0044] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of a device for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in a smart meter, provided in an embodiment of this application. The device 10 is installed in the smart meter and may specifically include: a magnetic field coil 11, a limiter 12, a high-pass filter 13, a low-pass filter 14, a radio frequency detector 15, a pulse detector 16, and a microprocessor 17. The magnetic field coil 11 is connected to the limiter 12, the limiter 12 is connected to both the high-pass filter 13 and the low-pass filter 14, the high-pass filter 13 is connected to the radio frequency detector 15, the low-pass filter 14 is connected to the pulse detector 16, and the radio frequency detector 15 and the pulse detector 16 are connected to the microprocessor 17.

[0047] In this embodiment, a magnetic field coil 11 is used to generate an induced voltage signal when magnetic field interference is detected. The electromagnetic interference includes at least one of pulse magnetic field interference and radio frequency magnetic field interference. A limiter 12 is used to suppress the voltage amplitude of the induced voltage signal. A high-pass filter 13 is used to filter out low-frequency signals in the second voltage signal after amplitude suppression. The second voltage signal is a voltage signal generated based on radio frequency magnetic field interference. A low-pass filter 14 is used to filter out high-frequency signals in the first voltage signal after amplitude suppression. The first voltage signal is a voltage signal generated based on pulse magnetic field interference. A radio frequency detector 15 is used to process the second voltage signal after filtering out low-frequency signals into a DC signal to obtain a second DC voltage. A pulse detector 16 is used to process the first voltage signal after filtering out high-frequency signals into a DC signal to obtain a first DC voltage. A microprocessor 17 is used to generate an electromagnetic interference event record based on the first DC voltage and / or the second DC voltage.

[0048] Specifically, in this embodiment, when pulsed magnetic field interference occurs in the environment where the interference detection device 10 is located, according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, in a changing magnetic field, the magnetic field coil 11 can generate an induced voltage signal proportional to the magnetic field strength and the rate of change of the magnetic field. This voltage signal is first suppressed by the limiter 12 to suppress potentially excessive amplitude, and then passed through the high-pass filter 13 and the low-pass filter 14 respectively to split the signals of different frequency bands into two paths. The frequency of the pulsed magnetic field signal is generally low, below 10MHz, while the frequency of the radio frequency electromagnetic field signal is generally high, above 10MHz. Therefore, the cutoff frequency of both the high-pass filter and the low-pass filter can be 10MHz. The pulsed magnetic field signal is filtered out by the low-pass filter 14 to remove external interference signals much higher than 10MHz or high-frequency noise or clutter in the pulse interference signal, and then passes through the pulse detector 16 to output a DC voltage. The DC voltage is the peak value of the pulse signal voltage, and its amplitude is positively correlated with the pulsed magnetic field strength when it is not limited. The DC voltage output from the pulse signal detector is connected to the microprocessor. The microprocessor compares this voltage with a set pulse magnetic field interference threshold. When the voltage threshold is exceeded, a pulse magnetic field interference event record is generated. Subsequently, the event information can be provided to the smart meter via a communication interface. In this embodiment, the voltage threshold can be preset or input by the administrator; no limitation is imposed in this embodiment.

[0049] In this embodiment, the magnetic field coil 11 utilizes the top layer trace of the PCB to connect with the bottom layer trace of the PCB through multiple conductive vias, forming a multi-turn coil. Each turn is a rectangular coil with the PCB thickness as its width and the PCB trace as its length. Taking any vertex of the top layer of the PCB as the center, the long side of the PCB is the X-axis, the short side of the PCB is the Y-axis, and the thickness direction of the PCB is the Z-axis. The difference between the total projected areas of the multi-turn coils in the XY, XZ, and YZ planes is less than a first preset threshold, and the difference between the total projected areas of the multi-turn coils in the XZ and YZ planes and the projected area in the XY plane is less than a second preset threshold. In this embodiment, the first and second preset thresholds can be the same or different. Here, both the first and second preset thresholds are very small values, indicating that the total projected areas of the multi-turn coils in the XY, XZ, and YZ planes are approximately equal, and the total projected areas of the multi-turn coils in the XZ and YZ planes are approximately equal to the projected area in the XY plane. Figure 2 and Figure 3The diagram shows a magnetic field coil from different angles. Through specific PCB circuit design, the total area of ​​the closed coil in the XY, XZ, and YZ planes is approximately equal. The XZ and YZ planes utilize the top-layer PCB traces (surface copper traces) connected to the bottom-layer PCB traces via vias, forming a rectangular multi-turn coil with the PCB thickness as its width and the PCB traces as its length. The total projected area of ​​the multi-turn coil in the XZ and YZ planes is approximately equal to the coil area in the XY plane, thus enabling the detection of changing magnetic fields in various directions, with similar signal receiving areas (sensitivity) in each direction. For example, see attached diagram. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The X and Y planes can each have one turn, while the Y and Z planes and the X and Z planes can each have 15 turns.

[0050] Specifically, in this embodiment, when radio frequency magnetic field interference occurs in the environment where the interference detection device 10 is located, the signal is filtered out by the high-pass filter 13 to remove the part below 10MHz. Then, the radio frequency detector 15 processes the signal into a DC signal (signal peak) and transmits it to the microprocessor 17. The amplitude of the DC signal is positively correlated with the strength of the radio frequency magnetic field signal. The microprocessor 17 continuously collects the DC signal (signal peak) and compares it with the set radio frequency magnetic field interference threshold. When the voltage threshold is exceeded, a radio frequency magnetic field interference event record can be generated, and the event information can be provided to the smart meter through the communication interface.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the device 10 also includes: at least two analog-to-digital converters 18 (in... Figure 2 (The diagram illustrates an example with two analog-to-digital converters). At least two analog-to-digital converters 18 are housed in a microprocessor 17. An RF detector 15 and a pulse detector 16 are connected to the microprocessor via the analog-to-digital converters. In this embodiment, the analog-to-digital converters 18 are used to convert a first DC voltage and / or a second DC voltage to a digital signal, obtaining the converted first DC voltage and / or the converted second DC voltage. The microprocessor 17 is specifically used to compare the converted first DC voltage with a voltage threshold, and if the voltage is greater than the threshold, generate a first electromagnetic interference (EMI) event record; and / or, compare the converted second DC voltage with a voltage threshold, and if the voltage is greater than the threshold, generate a second EMI event record. The first and second EMI event records contain the type of electromagnetic interference. In this embodiment, the microprocessor 18 can continuously acquire data through the analog-to-digital converters 18 to obtain the converted first DC voltage and / or the converted second DC voltage.

[0052] Furthermore, such as Figure 5As shown, the device 10 also includes at least two analog-to-digital converters 18, which are not located in the microprocessor 17. In this embodiment, two analog-to-digital converters 18 are used as an example. Figure 4 The diagram illustrates an example using two analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) 18. One ADC 18 is connected to both an RF detector 15 and a microprocessor 17. It converts the second DC voltage output from the RF detector 15 into a digital voltage. The microprocessor 17 then acquires this converted second DC voltage from the ADC 18 and compares it with a voltage threshold. If the voltage exceeds the threshold, a second electromagnetic interference (EMI) event record is generated. The other ADC 18 is connected to both a pulse detector 16 and the microprocessor 17. The microprocessor 17 acquires the converted first DC voltage from the ADC 18 and compares it with a voltage threshold. If the voltage exceeds the threshold, a first EMI event record is generated. In this embodiment, after generating the first and / or second EMI event records, they can be sent to the microprocessor in the smart meter, or the smart meter can retrieve the first and / or second EMI records from the microprocessor 17 in the device 10.

[0053] Based on the above embodiments, the microprocessor 17 is further configured to generate and output a first alarm signal when the converted first DC voltage is greater than a voltage threshold, and / or generate and output a second alarm signal when the converted second DC voltage is greater than a voltage threshold. In this embodiment, the output forms of the first alarm signal and the second alarm signal may include: light, sound, level signal, etc., and the output forms of the first alarm signal and the second alarm signal may be different or the same, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0054] Furthermore, to facilitate communication between the microprocessor 17 and the smart meter, the microprocessor 17 is equipped with a communication interface, that is, the microprocessor 17 is used to connect to the smart meter through the communication interface. In this embodiment, after the microprocessor 17 generates a first electromagnetic interference event record and / or a second electromagnetic interference event record, the microprocessor 17 is specifically used to send the first electromagnetic interference event record to the smart meter through the communication interface, and / or to provide the second electromagnetic interference event record to the smart meter through the communication interface. As can be seen from the above, the microprocessor 17 can also generate a first alarm signal and / or a second alarm signal, and send the generated first alarm signal and / or second alarm signal to the smart meter through the communication interface, so that the smart meter outputs the first alarm signal and / or the second alarm signal. At the same time, the smart meter can also record the first alarm signal and / or the second alarm signal.

[0055] Furthermore, in order to reduce the damage of electromagnetic interference to equipment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the device 10 also includes a shield 19; wherein the limiter 12, high-pass filter 13, low-pass filter 14, radio frequency detector 15, pulse detector 16 and microprocessor 17 are all disposed in the shield 19.

[0056] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, the device 10 also includes a power supply 20, which can supply power to the smart meter and provide electrical energy to the device 10.

[0057] Furthermore, the device 10 also includes an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) that can be connected to the microprocessor 17.

[0058] Furthermore, it should be noted that the voltage threshold, the first preset threshold, and the second preset threshold involved in the above embodiments can be preset or sent by the microprocessor of the smart meter. This application embodiment does not limit this. In addition, the microprocessor 17 can also receive the clock information of the smart meter to synchronize the internal clock.

[0059] Furthermore, this embodiment also provides a method for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in smart meters, which can be executed by the device for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in smart meters described in the above embodiments, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the method may include:

[0060] S601. When magnetic field interference is detected, an induced voltage signal is generated through the magnetic field coil;

[0061] Electromagnetic interference includes at least one of pulse magnetic field interference and radio frequency magnetic field interference.

[0062] S602. The voltage amplitude of the induced voltage signal is suppressed by a limiter;

[0063] S603. If the induced voltage signal is the first voltage signal, then the first voltage signal after amplitude suppression is passed through a low-pass filter to filter out high-frequency signals; the first voltage signal is a voltage signal generated based on pulse magnetic field interference.

[0064] S604. If the induced voltage signal is a second voltage signal, then the second voltage signal after amplitude suppression is passed through a high-pass filter to filter out low-frequency signals; the second voltage signal is a voltage signal generated based on radio frequency magnetic field interference.

[0065] S605. The first voltage signal after filtering out high-frequency signals is processed into a DC signal by a pulse detector to obtain the first DC signal.

[0066] S606. The second voltage signal after filtering out low-frequency signals is processed into a DC signal and then into a DC voltage to obtain the second DC voltage.

[0067] In this embodiment, if the sensing signal contains both a first voltage signal and a second voltage signal, steps S603 and S605, as well as steps S604 and S606, can be executed simultaneously. Specifically, steps S603 and S605 are executed for the first voltage signal, and steps S604 and S606 are executed for the second voltage signal.

[0068] S607. The first DC voltage and / or the second DC voltage are used by a microprocessor to generate an electromagnetic interference event record.

[0069] Specifically, in S607, generating an electromagnetic interference event record from the first DC voltage and / or the second DC voltage may include: performing analog-to-digital conversion on the first DC voltage and / or the second DC voltage to obtain the converted first DC voltage and / or the converted second DC voltage; comparing the converted first DC voltage with a voltage threshold, and generating a first electromagnetic interference event record when the voltage is greater than the voltage threshold; and / or comparing the converted second DC voltage with a voltage threshold, and generating a second electromagnetic interference event record when the voltage is greater than the voltage threshold. The first and second electromagnetic interference event records contain the electromagnetic interference type.

[0070] Furthermore, after obtaining the converted first DC voltage and / or the converted second DC voltage, when the converted first DC voltage is greater than the voltage threshold, a first alarm signal is generated and output by the microprocessor, and / or when the converted second DC voltage is greater than the voltage threshold, a second alarm signal is generated and output by the microprocessor.

[0071] Furthermore, after generating the first electromagnetic interference event record, the method further includes: sending the first electromagnetic interference event record to the smart meter via a communication interface; further, after generating the second electromagnetic interference event record, the method further includes: and / or, sending the second electromagnetic interference event record to the smart meter via a communication interface.

[0072] The first and second electromagnetic interference event records contain the electromagnetic interference types.

[0073] It should be noted that the specific implementation of interference detection in the method for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in smart meters shown in this embodiment can be found in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0074] This application provides a computer program product, which includes computer-executable instructions or a computer program. The computer-executable instructions or computer program are stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The processor of the electronic device reads the computer-executable instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer-executable instructions, causing the electronic device to perform the method for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in a smart meter as described in this application.

[0075] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0076] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the electronic devices and units described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0077] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed electronic devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. In addition, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces or units, or it may be an electrical, mechanical, or other form of connection.

[0078] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of this application, depending on actual needs.

[0079] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0080] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in smart meters, characterized in that, The device is installed in a smart meter and includes: a magnetic field coil, a limiter, a high-pass filter, a low-pass filter, a radio frequency detector, a pulse detector, and a microprocessor; The magnetic field coil is connected to the limiter; the limiter is connected to both the high-pass filter and the low-pass filter; the high-pass filter is connected to the radio frequency detector; the low-pass filter is connected to the pulse detector; and the radio frequency detector and the pulse detector are both connected to the microprocessor. The magnetic field coil is used to generate an induced voltage signal when magnetic field interference is detected, wherein the electromagnetic interference includes at least one of pulse magnetic field interference and radio frequency magnetic field interference. The limiter is used to suppress the voltage amplitude of the induced voltage signal; The low-pass filter is used to filter out high-frequency signals in the first voltage signal after amplitude suppression. The first voltage signal is a voltage signal generated based on pulse magnetic field interference. The high-pass filter is used to filter out low-frequency signals in the second voltage signal after amplitude suppression. The second voltage signal is a voltage signal generated based on radio frequency magnetic field interference. The pulse detector is used to process the first voltage signal after filtering out high-frequency signals into a DC signal to obtain a first DC voltage. The radio frequency detector is used to process the second voltage signal after filtering out low-frequency signals into a DC signal to obtain a second DC voltage. The microprocessor is used to generate an electromagnetic interference event record based on a first DC voltage and / or a second DC voltage.

2. The device for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in smart meters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device further includes: at least two analog-to-digital converters; The at least two analog-to-digital converters are disposed in the microprocessor, and the radio frequency detector and the pulse detector are connected to the microprocessor through the analog-to-digital converters; The analog-to-digital converter is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the first DC voltage and / or the second DC voltage to obtain the converted first DC voltage and / or the converted second DC voltage. The microprocessor is specifically configured to compare the converted first DC voltage with a voltage threshold, and generate a first electromagnetic interference event record when the voltage is greater than the voltage threshold, and / or compare the converted second DC voltage with a voltage threshold, and generate a second electromagnetic interference event record when the voltage is greater than the voltage threshold, wherein the first electromagnetic interference event record and the second electromagnetic interference event record contain an electromagnetic interference type.

3. The device for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in smart meters according to claim 2, characterized in that, The microprocessor is also configured to generate and output a first alarm signal when the converted first DC voltage is greater than the voltage threshold, and / or generate and output a second alarm signal when the converted second DC voltage is greater than the voltage threshold.

4. The device for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in smart meters according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The microprocessor is provided with a communication interface, and the microprocessor is used to connect to the smart meter through the communication interface. Specifically, the microprocessor is used to send the first electromagnetic interference event record to the smart meter through the communication interface, and / or to provide the second electromagnetic interference event record to the smart meter through the communication interface.

5. The device for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in smart meters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device further includes: a shielding cover; The limiter, the high-pass filter, the low-pass filter, the radio frequency detector, the pulse detector, and the microprocessor are all housed within the shielding enclosure.

6. The device for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in smart meters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic field coil utilizes the top layer trace of the PCB to connect with the bottom layer trace of the PCB through multiple conductive vias to form a multi-turn coil. Each turn of the coil is a rectangular coil with the PCB thickness as the width and the PCB trace as the length. With any vertex of the top layer of the PCB as the center, the long side of the PCB as the X-axis, the short side of the PCB as the Y-axis, and the thickness direction of the PCB as the Z-axis, the difference between the total projected area of ​​the multi-turn coil in the XY plane, XZ plane, and YZ plane is less than a first preset threshold, and the difference between the total projected area of ​​the multi-turn coil in the XZ plane and YZ plane and the projected area in the XY plane is less than a second preset threshold.

7. The device for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in smart meters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device further includes: a power supply; The power source is used to provide power to the device for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in smart meters.

8. A method for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in smart meters, characterized in that, Performed by the apparatus for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in smart meters as described in any one of claims 1-7, the method comprises: When magnetic field interference is detected, an induced voltage signal is generated through a magnetic field coil. The electromagnetic interference includes at least one of pulse magnetic field interference and radio frequency magnetic field interference. The voltage amplitude of the induced voltage signal is suppressed by a limiter; If the induced voltage signal is a first voltage signal, then the first voltage signal after amplitude suppression is passed through a low-pass filter to filter out high-frequency signals; the first voltage signal is a voltage signal generated based on pulse magnetic field interference; If the induced voltage signal is a second voltage signal, then the second voltage signal after amplitude suppression is passed through a high-pass filter to filter out low-frequency signals; the second voltage signal is a voltage signal generated based on radio frequency magnetic field interference; The first voltage signal after filtering out high-frequency signals is processed into a DC signal and then into a DC voltage signal using a pulse detector to obtain a first DC signal; and / or the second voltage signal after filtering out low-frequency signals is processed into a DC signal and then into a DC voltage to obtain a second DC voltage. The first DC voltage and / or the second DC voltage are used by a microprocessor to generate an electromagnetic interference event record.

9. The method for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in smart meters according to claim 8, characterized in that, Generate an electromagnetic interference event record using the first DC voltage and / or the second DC voltage, including: The first DC voltage and / or the second DC voltage are converted from analog to digital to obtain the converted first DC voltage and / or the converted second DC voltage. The converted first DC voltage is compared with a voltage threshold, and a first electromagnetic interference event record is generated when the voltage is greater than the voltage threshold. And / or, the converted second DC voltage is compared with a voltage threshold, and a second electromagnetic interference event record is generated when the voltage is greater than the voltage threshold. The first electromagnetic interference event record and the second electromagnetic interference event record contain electromagnetic interference types.

10. The method for detecting pulse magnetic field interference in smart meters according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the converted first DC voltage exceeds the voltage threshold, the microprocessor generates and outputs a first alarm signal, and / or... When the converted second DC voltage is greater than the voltage threshold, the microprocessor generates and outputs a second alarm signal.

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