Communication method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to a communication method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: periodically broadcasting guiding information to a terminal, and enabling the guiding information to comprise time slot structure parameters and resource state information; receiving uplink data sent by the terminal at a communication moment corresponding to the target uplink communication resource; the target uplink communication resource is selected by the terminal from idle resources based on the resource state information; according to the method and the device, the uplink data is processed, and the downlink frame containing the response information is broadcasted to the at least one terminal in the subsequent downlink window of the time slot where the uplink data is received, so that high-concurrency and low-conflict access of the half-duplex Internet of Things system is realized on the premise of not needing centralized scheduling, and the system capacity and the resource utilization rate are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and more specifically, to a communication method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] In IoT applications, such as large-scale personnel location tracking, asset tracking, and environmental monitoring, it is typically necessary to deploy a massive number of low-cost, low-power terminal devices. These terminal devices generally use half-duplex communication modules, which are characterized by the fact that at any given time, the radio frequency unit can only be in either receiving or transmitting mode, and cannot perform both simultaneously. While this design simplifies the hardware structure and reduces cost and power consumption, it also fundamentally limits the system's communication concurrency capabilities.

[0003] Currently, common IoT wireless access mechanisms mainly include the following categories: Pure Aloha or time-slotted Aloha random access mechanism: Terminals transmit data at randomly selected times or time slots. This method is simple to implement and requires no central scheduling. However, under half-duplex constraints, when a base station receives data from one terminal, it cannot simultaneously receive data from other terminals, making packet collisions highly likely. As the number of terminals increases, system throughput drops sharply, failing to meet the high-concurrency communication needs of high-density terminals. Traditional centralized Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) scheduling mechanism: The base station pre-allocates fixed communication time slots for each terminal. While this method avoids collisions, it requires complex signaling interactions for scheduling and synchronization, resulting in high system overhead. More importantly, for low-power, bursty, and numerous IoT terminals, static resource allocation has extremely low resource utilization, with many time slots idle due to lack of data transmission, unable to adapt to dynamically changing service loads. Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDMA) based extension: This improves parallel capabilities by adding multiple receiving channels. However, without effective access control, multiple channels still face Aloha-style random collision problems. If combined with fixed TDMA, the same problems of resource rigidity and complex scheduling will also exist.

[0004] Therefore, the core challenge facing existing technologies lies in how to significantly improve the system's communication concurrency and channel resource utilization while ensuring system coverage and terminal low cost, given the hardware limitations of half-duplex communication. Simple random access leads to high collision rates, while centralized scheduling results in high overhead and low efficiency. To address these issues, a new communication method is urgently needed. This method should enable autonomous, efficient, and orderly terminal access, dynamically reusing time and frequency resources without complex centralized scheduling, thereby achieving an order-of-magnitude increase in system concurrency while maintaining compatibility with existing half-duplex modules. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a communication method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium to solve the problems of low system concurrency and insufficient channel resource utilization caused by disordered random access of terminals or centralized fixed scheduling in Internet of Things systems using half-duplex communication modules.

[0006] One aspect of the present invention provides a communication method applied to a base station, the method comprising the following steps: The system periodically broadcasts guidance information to the terminal, the guidance information including time slot structure parameters and resource status information; The terminal receives uplink data sent by the terminal at the communication time corresponding to the target uplink communication resource; the target uplink communication resource is selected by the terminal from idle resources based on the resource status information; The uplink data is processed, and in the subsequent downlink window of the time slot where the uplink data is received, a downlink frame containing response information is broadcast to the at least one terminal.

[0007] One aspect of the present invention provides another communication method applied to a terminal, the method comprising the following steps: The system receives guidance information periodically broadcast by the base station, the guidance information including time slot structure parameters and resource status information; Time synchronization is performed with the base station based on the time slot structure parameters; Based on the resource status information, select the target uplink communication resource from the available resources of the current network; At the communication time corresponding to the target uplink communication resource, send uplink data to the base station; listen for and receive downlink frames containing response information broadcast by the base station in subsequent downlink windows.

[0008] Another aspect of the present invention provides a communication device applied to a base station, the device comprising: The broadcast module is used to periodically broadcast guidance information to the terminal, the guidance information including time slot structure parameters and resource status information; The first receiving module is configured to receive uplink data sent by the terminal at the communication time corresponding to the target uplink communication resource; the target uplink communication resource is selected by the terminal from idle resources based on the resource status information; The response module is used to process the uplink data and, in the subsequent downlink window of the time slot in which the uplink data is received, broadcast a downlink frame containing response information to the at least one terminal.

[0009] Another aspect of the present invention provides another communication device applied to a terminal, characterized in that the device comprises: The second receiving module is used to receive guidance information periodically broadcast by the base station, the guidance information including time slot structure parameters and resource status information; The synchronization module is used to synchronize time with the base station based on the time slot structure parameters; The selection module is used to select a target uplink communication resource from the idle resources of the current network based on the resource status information. The sending module is used to send uplink data to the base station at the communication time corresponding to the target uplink communication resource; The third receiving module is used to listen to and receive downlink frames containing response information broadcast by the base station.

[0010] Another aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising: processor; Memory used to store the processor's executable instructions; The processor is configured to execute the instructions to implement the communication method described in any one of the above descriptions.

[0011] Another aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium that, when the instructions in the storage medium are executed by a processor of an electronic device, enables the electronic device to perform any of the communication methods described above.

[0012] This invention provides a communication method, system, electronic device, and storage medium based on dynamic environment perception and multi-objective optimization. First, in response to the uplink data transmission request of a terminal, the base station periodically broadcasts guidance information. This guidance information includes time slot structure parameters and resource status information to construct a unified time-frequency resource framework and real-time status publication for the entire network. After receiving the guidance information, the terminal synchronizes its time with the base station based on the time slot structure parameters and randomly selects at least one target uplink communication resource from all available resources according to the resource status information. Based on this, the terminal sends uplink data to the base station at the precise communication time corresponding to the target resource. After receiving the uplink data, the base station broadcasts a downlink frame containing acknowledgment information to the terminal in the subsequent downlink window after processing. This method systematically solves the core problems in half-duplex IoT systems, such as severe collisions and low resource utilization due to disordered access, and high signaling overhead and poor system flexibility due to centralized scheduling. Through a collaborative mechanism of "global time-frequency coordination, terminal autonomous random selection, and base station delay aggregation response", high concurrency, low conflict, and high resource utilization of distributed access are achieved without the need for complex signaling interaction and real-time scheduling, which significantly improves system capacity, energy efficiency and scalability. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an exemplary embodiment; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating another communication method provided according to an exemplary embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device according to an exemplary embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another communication device provided according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0016] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification and drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or server that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an exemplary embodiment. This specification provides method operation steps as shown in the embodiments or flowcharts, but based on conventional or non-inventive labor, more or fewer operation steps may be included. The order of steps listed in the embodiments is merely one possible execution order among many and does not represent the only execution order. In actual system or server product execution, the method can be executed in the order shown in the embodiments or drawings, or in parallel (e.g., in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment). Specifically, as shown... Figure 1As shown, taking a base station in a communication system as the executing entity, an embodiment of a communication method of this application is introduced. The method may include: S101: Periodically broadcast guidance information to the terminal.

[0018] In one specific embodiment, the guidance information includes time slot structure parameters and resource status information; the guidance information may be system-level control and synchronization frames broadcast by the base station to all terminals within the coverage area at fixed intervals; the time slot structure parameters may be a set of parameters describing a periodic time slotted communication framework defined and maintained by the base station, specifically, the time slot structure parameters may include time slot length, total number of time slots, time slot structure, current time slot number or periodic timing reference, and communication frequency list; the resource status information may be data indicating the real-time availability status of current network communication resources; Specifically, the communication system in this application includes a base station and at least one terminal. The base station, as the timing and resource management center of the system, continuously broadcasts a specific control frame, namely guidance information, to all terminals within its wireless coverage area according to a fixed and non-random delay period (e.g., once per second) determined by its internal high-precision timer.

[0019] The terminal receives guidance information periodically broadcast by the base station, then synchronizes its time with the base station based on the time slot structure parameters in the guidance information, selects the target uplink communication resource from the idle resources of the current network based on the resource status information in the guidance information, and sends uplink data to the base station at the communication time corresponding to the target uplink communication resource.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, the above-mentioned periodic broadcasting of guidance information to at least one terminal includes: Based on a local timer, a periodic time slot structure is defined and maintained. Each time slot in the time slot structure contains an uplink window for the terminal to send uplink data and a downlink window for the base station to send downlink data. Maintain the time slot access table to dynamically record the occupancy status of each time slot and each communication frequency channel, forming resource status information; The guidance information is broadcast to the terminal at fixed intervals.

[0021] In one specific embodiment, the uplink window can be dedicated to sending uplink data from the terminal to the base station. During this window, the base station configures its receiver to be in listening mode. The downlink window can be dedicated to sending downlink data (including the guidance information and data response) from the base station to the terminal. During this window, the terminal should configure its receiver to be in listening mode. Specifically, after the base station powers on and initializes, it first starts its high-precision local timer as the absolute time source for the entire system. Based on the local timer, the base station autonomously defines a periodic time slot structure and maintains it as the basic time frame for network-wide communication. Specifically, this time slot structure divides a complete communication cycle (e.g., 1 second) into multiple consecutive time slots. Each time slot is further divided into two logical windows: an uplink window and a downlink window. Furthermore, the base station dynamically maintains a time slot access table in its memory. This table is a two-dimensional resource status mapping table, where the rows correspond to the various time slots in the time slot structure, and the columns correspond to the various communication frequency channels available in the system. Therefore, each entry in the table uniquely identifies a "time slot-frequency point" resource unit. The base station updates this table in real time, recording the current occupancy status of each resource unit (e.g., idle, which terminal is occupying it, remaining occupancy time, etc.). By taking a snapshot or extracting a summary of the table's status, the base station generates resource status information reflecting the real-time availability of network resources. The base station strictly adheres to a fixed period (e.g., once per second) determined by its local timer, and at a predetermined time (usually a specific downlink window at the beginning of each period), encapsulates the time slot structure parameters defined in steps one and two with the real-time generated resource status information to form a complete guidance information frame, which is then broadcast to all terminals via wireless signals.

[0022] In the above embodiments, the base station first establishes a communication rule framework (time slot structure), then monitors resource status in real time (maintains the access table), and finally periodically publishes system status (broadcast guidance information). The terminal receives and parses this guidance information to obtain a unified time-series benchmark and resource map for the entire network, and then performs autonomous, distributed access selection based on the resource status information within it. This design avoids the signaling overhead and latency caused by centralized scheduling while achieving collaborative dynamic reuse of time-domain and frequency-domain resources, significantly improving the overall system access capacity and resource utilization efficiency.

[0023] In an optional embodiment, the above method further includes: Associate a timeout count value with each occupied resource item in the time slot access table; Before broadcasting the guidance information for each cycle, the timeout count of the occupied resource item in the time slot access table is decremented. When the timeout count of any occupied resource item decreases to a preset threshold, the status of the occupied resource item is updated to idle.

[0024] In one specific embodiment, when a base station detects that a terminal has successfully occupied a "timeslot-frequency point" resource element (e.g., correctly received and processed uplink data transmitted by the terminal on that resource), the base station, in its timeslot access table, not only marks the resource item as "occupied" but also associates it with an initialized timeout count. This count is set according to the terminal's service characteristics or system policy (e.g., an initial value of 3 or 5), essentially representing the maximum number of broadcast cycles that the occupancy state is allowed to maintain. At the beginning of each broadcast cycle (i.e., before preparing to send a new round of guidance information), the base station system performs a uniform decrement operation (e.g., decrementing each value by 1) on the timeout counts associated with all resource items currently marked as "occupied" in its timeslot access table. This operation periodically evaluates the "activity" of all occupied resources at the system level, simulating the effect of the passage of time. This global, synchronous decrement process is automated, independent of any external events, ensuring determinism and low computational overhead in resource state management. After performing the decrement operation, the base station immediately checks the timeout count of each resource item. When the timeout count of any occupied resource item decreases to a preset threshold (usually 0), the system determines that the resource has "expired" or the corresponding terminal communication session has timed out. The base station then updates the status of the resource item to "idle" in the time slot access table.

[0025] In the above embodiments, combined with the aforementioned periodic broadcast guidance information, a complete closed loop of dynamic resource allocation and reclamation is formed: terminals compete for resources based on broadcast information, base stations manage the occupied time through timeout counters, and automatically reclaim and re-broadcast the resources after the expiration, thereby maintaining high resource utilization and access flexibility throughout the entire system lifecycle.

[0026] S103: Receive uplink data sent by the receiving terminal at the communication time corresponding to the target uplink communication resource.

[0027] In one specific embodiment, the target uplink communication resource is selected by the terminal from idle resources based on resource status information; the communication time at which the terminal transmits uplink data is precisely calculated based on the latest received base station guidance information. This time is determined by two parts: first, the absolute time reference after synchronization with the base station; and second, the specific timeslot number corresponding to the target uplink communication resource and the start time of its internal uplink window. Therefore, when the base station initiates the receiving operation at this time, it is essentially aligning the transmit and receive windows with the terminal on the same strictly defined timeslot schedule. Furthermore, the target uplink communication resource specifies not only the transmission time (timeslot) but also the specific communication frequency channel. The base station is configured with multiple parallel receiving channels in hardware, each tuned to a different operating frequency. When entering the uplink window of a certain timeslot, the base station simultaneously listens on all configured receiving frequencies. The terminal transmits data on the frequency corresponding to its selected target resource, and the base station can correctly capture and demodulate the signal on the corresponding receiving channel. This design implements Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDMA), allowing multiple terminals to transmit data in parallel on different frequencies within the same time slot without interference, thus significantly increasing the system's concurrent capacity within a single time slot. After successfully receiving and decoding uplink data, the base station performs a crucial internal logic verification: checking whether the "time slot-frequency point" resource used by the terminal sending the data matches the status recorded in the base station's own time slot access table (e.g., whether the resource has been legally occupied by the terminal or marked as successfully contested). This verification ensures the consistency of the entire system's resource allocation status. After successful verification, the base station not only processes application layer data but may also update its internal status (such as resetting the terminal occupancy timeout counter associated with the resource), thereby completing the management closed loop from "resource allocation" to "resource usage confirmation."

[0028] S105: Process the uplink data and, in the subsequent downlink window of the time slot where the uplink data was received, broadcast a downlink frame containing response information to at least one terminal.

[0029] In one specific embodiment, after successfully receiving and decoding the uplink data from the terminal, the base station first performs necessary data processing. This includes, but is not limited to, data integrity verification (such as CRC check), application layer protocol parsing, and business logic processing. Simultaneously, the system generates corresponding response information (e.g., ACK or NACK) for the terminal based on the processing result (success or failure). This stage of processing is typically completed within the current time slot of the received data. Optionally, unlike traditional instant response, this invention designs the base station not to immediately reply with a response within the same time slot, but rather to strictly delay the transmission of the response information to the "next downlink window" of the time slot containing the uplink data. Here, "next one" typically refers to the next downlink window that is temporally adjacent and available for transmission by the base station. Furthermore, when the downlink window arrives, the base station does not send a separate response frame for each terminal. Instead, the base station packages and aggregates the response information from multiple terminals (possibly from different frequencies within the same time slot, or from previous time slots) into a unified downlink frame (i.e., a "downlink frame containing response information"), and then broadcasts it to all terminals.

[0030] In an optional embodiment, broadcasting a downlink frame containing response information to at least one terminal includes: The response information for uplink data from at least one terminal is packaged to obtain a response information packet; Broadcast the response information packet in the downlink window.

[0031] In one specific embodiment, during the preparation phase before the downlink window arrives, the base station centrally processes and integrates the response information from all terminals that need to reply within a period (usually from the last broadcast to the current time). This process is not a simple listing, but rather an efficient data aggregation and packaging: Source aggregation: The response information to be packaged may originate from multiple different uplink time slots (such as time slot N-1, time slot N) and multiple different frequency channels. Structure optimization: The base station performs structured encoding on the independent response units of each terminal (usually containing a terminal identifier, the sequence number or hash value of the corresponding uplink data, acknowledgment / retransmission indicator bits, etc.) and compactly encapsulates them into a unified, formatted data block, i.e., the response information packet. Packet header encapsulation: Necessary common control information, such as packet type identifier, packet length, broadcast period number, etc., is added before this data block to form a complete downlink frame that can be transmitted at the link layer. This packaging method eliminates the redundant overhead of adding a physical layer frame header and trailer separately for each response. Furthermore, when entering the predetermined downlink window, the base station will broadcast the encapsulated response packet once through its downlink transmission channel.

[0032] In the above embodiments, the packetization and broadcasting mechanism for response information is a direct manifestation of the resource-efficient utilization concept of this invention in the downlink. It transforms discrete, event-driven control feedback into periodic, centralized information dissemination, which is a key protocol design supporting the system to achieve highly reliable and high-concurrency communication with low overhead.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an exemplary embodiment. Specifically, as shown... Figure 2 As shown, taking a terminal in a communication system as the executing entity, an embodiment of a communication method of this application is introduced. The method may include: S201: Receive guidance information periodically broadcast by the base station. The guidance information includes time slot structure parameters and resource status information. S203: Time synchronization with the base station based on time slot structure parameters; S205: Based on resource status information, select the target uplink communication resource from the available resources of the current network; S207: Send uplink data to the base station at the communication time corresponding to the target uplink communication resources; S209: Listen for and receive downlink frames containing response information broadcast by the base station in subsequent downlink windows.

[0034] In one specific embodiment, after the terminal powers on or enters a network coverage area, it first searches for and receives guidance information periodically broadcast by the base station on a predefined frequency band. Optionally, successfully receiving this information is a prerequisite for the terminal to access the network and obtain communication rules. The guidance information is the only and necessary signaling source for the terminal to maintain synchronization with the network and obtain resource status. Further, the terminal parses the time slot structure parameters in the guidance information to obtain key timing definitions such as time slot length, total number of time slots, and window division. Based on this, the terminal aligns its internal clock with the base station's broadcast timing to achieve precise time synchronization with the entire system. This synchronization is the basis for all subsequent time slotted operations (such as sending or receiving in the correct time slot), ensuring that the terminal's behavior is constrained within the unified time slot framework of the entire network. The terminal further parses the resource status information in the guidance information, which identifies the idle or occupied status of each "time slot-frequency point" resource unit in the current period in the form of a list or bitmap. Based on this global view, the terminal autonomously selects at least one resource from all resources identified as "idle" randomly or according to a preset strategy as its target uplink communication resource for this communication. Based on time synchronization and the timeslot number and uplink window corresponding to the selected target resource, the terminal calculates its precise communication transmission time. When this time arrives, the terminal sends uplink data packets to the base station on its selected frequency. After sending the uplink data, the terminal anticipates the subsequent downlink window for the base station to send an acknowledgment based on the timeslot structure, and within this window, switches its radio frequency unit to receive mode to listen for and receive downlink frames containing acknowledgment information broadcast by the base station.

[0035] In an optional embodiment, the above-mentioned selection of target uplink communication resources based on resource status information includes: Randomly select at least one resource from all available resources indicated by the resource status information as the target uplink communication resource.

[0036] In one specific embodiment, after receiving resource status information broadcast by the base station, the terminal first parses the idle resource indications included in the information to construct a local list of all available "time slot-frequency point" resource units within the current period. Subsequently, the terminal performs one or more independent random sampling operations from this list using its internal random algorithm. When a single sampling is performed, the obtained resource is determined as the target resource for this communication. When multiple samplings are performed, an ordered resource sequence is generated according to the sampling order, where the first sampled resource is used as the primary target resource, and subsequent sampled resources are used as backup target resources in sequence. The above random sampling process follows a uniform distribution principle, ensuring that each idle resource unit in the list has an equal probability of being selected.

[0037] In the above embodiments, the random selection mechanism replaces centralized scheduling with distributed decision-making. All terminals, based on the same global resource state snapshot, randomly select idle resources with equal probability, allowing massive access requests to be naturally distributed across multi-dimensional time-frequency resources. This fundamentally avoids the huge signaling overhead caused by granting individual resource authorization to each terminal, while controlling the probability of access conflicts within an acceptable range through statistical regularity, thereby achieving an order-of-magnitude increase in system concurrency with extremely low control costs.

[0038] In an optional embodiment, sending uplink data to the base station at the communication time corresponding to the target uplink communication resource includes: When multiple target uplink communication resources are selected, uplink data is sent in the uplink window corresponding to the first target uplink communication resource.

[0039] In one specific embodiment, when a terminal selects multiple target uplink communication resources, it prioritizes sending uplink data within the uplink window corresponding to the first selected resource. This design follows the principle of "sequential trial, priority use": the terminal organizes multiple candidate resources into an ordered sequence according to the order determined during random selection, and initiates data transmission first at the first resource in the sequence—that is, at the precise time determined by its timeslot and frequency. This mechanism ensures that when multiple access opportunities are available, the terminal can initiate communication with the most timely window, while reserving subsequent resources as backup paths for automatic retransmission.

[0040] In the above embodiments, on the one hand, the timeliness of the first access attempt is maximized, and on the other hand, a pre-set ordered resource sequence provides a structured redundancy guarantee for the communication process, so that the entire sending process has both the initiative of the initial stage and the space for subsequent operations to deal with failure.

[0041] In an optional embodiment, the above method further includes: If a successful response to itself is not parsed from a downlink frame within a preset time after uplink data is sent, the uplink data will be retransmitted at the communication time corresponding to the next selected target uplink communication resource.

[0042] In one specific embodiment, when a terminal fails to parse a successful acknowledgment (such as an ACK signal) from a downlink frame broadcast by the base station within a preset timeout window after sending uplink data, the terminal will not immediately back off or re-perform the complete resource selection process. Instead, it will automatically switch to the next target uplink communication resource in its pre-selected, ordered resource sequence. The terminal will strictly adhere to the time slot and uplink window corresponding to the backup resource and retransmit the same uplink data packet at the precisely calculated communication time.

[0043] In the above embodiments, the terminal prepares a definite backup path for possible failure scenarios during the first access attempt, thereby avoiding additional channel eavesdropping, resource contention or resynchronization processes before retransmission, significantly reducing retransmission latency, improving the success probability and timeliness of a single communication transaction, and maintaining the low overhead and distributed characteristics of the entire process.

[0044] This invention provides a communication method, system, electronic device, and storage medium. The core of this invention lies in achieving orderly access in a half-duplex IoT system under high concurrency and high resource utilization through a collaborative mechanism of global control information broadcasting on the base station side and distributed autonomous decision-making on the terminal side. The base station predefines a periodic time slot structure and maintains a dynamic time slot access table, forming guidance information containing time slot structure parameters and resource status information, which is broadcast to the terminal at fixed intervals. After receiving this guidance information, the terminal performs time synchronization based on the time slot structure parameters and randomly selects at least one target uplink communication resource from all available resources in the current network according to the resource status information. At the precise communication time corresponding to the target resource, the terminal sends uplink data to the base station; after processing the data, the base station broadcasts a downlink frame containing acknowledgment information to the terminal in the subsequent downlink window of the time slot in which the uplink data was received. This method systematically solves two core contradictions in half-duplex module IoT systems: low concurrency due to random access collisions and high signaling overhead and resource rigidity due to centralized fixed scheduling. By constructing a complete technical closed loop of "global synchronization - status publication - distributed random selection - delayed aggregation response", it achieves low-collision and high-efficiency autonomous access of large-scale terminals without complex centralized scheduling, which significantly improves the overall capacity, resource utilization and deployment flexibility of the system and has outstanding practical value.

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a communication device according to an exemplary embodiment. The following describes an embodiment of a communication device according to this application, specifically, as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the device includes: The broadcast module 301 is used to periodically broadcast guidance information to the terminal, the guidance information including time slot structure parameters and resource status information; The first receiving module 303 is used to receive uplink data sent by the terminal at the communication time corresponding to the target uplink communication resource; the target uplink communication resource is selected by the terminal from idle resources based on the resource status information; The response module 305 is used to process the uplink data and, in the subsequent downlink window of the time slot where the uplink data is received, broadcast a downlink frame containing response information to the at least one terminal.

[0046] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of a communication device according to an exemplary embodiment. The following describes an embodiment of a communication device according to this application, specifically, as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the device includes: The second receiving module 401 is used to receive guidance information periodically broadcast by the base station, the guidance information including time slot structure parameters and resource status information; Synchronization module 403 is used to synchronize time with the base station based on the time slot structure parameters; Selection module 405 is used to select a target uplink communication resource from the idle resources of the current network based on the resource status information; The sending module 407 is used to send uplink data to the base station at the communication time corresponding to the target uplink communication resource; The third receiving module 409 is used to listen to and receive downlink frames containing response information broadcast by the base station.

[0047] In an exemplary embodiment, an electronic device is also provided, including: a processor; and a memory for storing processor-executable instructions; wherein the processor is configured to execute the instructions to implement the communication method as described in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0048] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, wherein when the instructions in the storage medium are executed by a processor of an electronic device, the electronic device is enabled to perform the communication method of the present disclosure embodiments.

[0049] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer program product or computer program is also provided, which includes computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, causing the computer device to perform the communication methods provided in the various optional implementations described above.

[0050] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. This computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the computer program can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, storage, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided by this invention can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in various forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), dual data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), RAMbus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and RAMbus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), etc.

[0051] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the foregoing claims.

[0052] It should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this disclosure is limited only by the appended claims. The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A communication method applied to a base station, the method comprising: The system periodically broadcasts guidance information to the terminal, the guidance information including time slot structure parameters and resource status information; Receive uplink data sent by the terminal at the communication time corresponding to the target uplink communication resource; The target uplink communication resource is selected by the terminal from idle resources based on the resource status information; The uplink data is processed, and in the subsequent downlink window of the time slot where the uplink data is received, a downlink frame containing response information is broadcast to the at least one terminal.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The periodic broadcasting of guidance information to the at least one terminal includes: Based on a local timer, a periodic time slot structure is defined and maintained. Each time slot in the time slot structure contains an uplink window for the terminal to transmit the uplink data and a downlink window for the base station to transmit the downlink data. Maintain the time slot access table and dynamically record the occupancy status of each time slot and each communication frequency channel to form the resource status information; The guidance information is broadcast to the terminal at fixed intervals.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: Associate a timeout count value with each occupied resource item in the time slot access table; Before broadcasting the guidance information for each cycle, the timeout count of the occupied resource item in the time slot access table is decremented. When the timeout count of any occupied resource item decreases to a preset threshold, the status of the occupied resource item is updated to idle.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The broadcasting of a downlink frame containing response information to the at least one terminal includes: The response information for the uplink data of the at least one terminal is packaged to obtain a response information packet; The response information packet is broadcast in the downlink window.

5. A communication method applied to a terminal, characterized in that, The method includes: The system receives guidance information periodically broadcast by the base station, the guidance information including time slot structure parameters and resource status information; Time synchronization is performed with the base station based on the time slot structure parameters; Based on the resource status information, select the target uplink communication resource from the available resources of the current network; Uplink data is sent to the base station at the communication time corresponding to the target uplink communication resource; Listen for and receive downlink frames containing response information broadcast by the base station in subsequent downlink windows.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The selection of target uplink communication resources based on the resource status information includes: From all the available resources indicated by the resource status information, at least one resource is randomly selected as the target uplink communication resource.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Sending uplink data to the base station at the communication time corresponding to the target uplink communication resource includes: When multiple target uplink communication resources are selected, the uplink data is sent in the uplink window corresponding to the first target uplink communication resource.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method further includes: If, within a preset time after sending the uplink data, no successful response is parsed from the downlink frame, the uplink data is retransmitted at the communication time corresponding to the next selected target uplink communication resource.

9. A communication device applied to a base station, characterized in that, The device includes: The broadcast module is used to periodically broadcast guidance information to the terminal, the guidance information including time slot structure parameters and resource status information; The first receiving module is configured to receive uplink data sent by the terminal at the communication time corresponding to the target uplink communication resource; the target uplink communication resource is selected by the terminal from idle resources based on the resource status information; The response module is used to process the uplink data and, in the subsequent downlink window of the time slot in which the uplink data is received, broadcast a downlink frame containing response information to the at least one terminal.

10. A communication device applied to a terminal, characterized in that, The device includes: The second receiving module is used to receive guidance information periodically broadcast by the base station, the guidance information including time slot structure parameters and resource status information; The synchronization module is used to synchronize time with the base station based on the time slot structure parameters; The selection module is used to select a target uplink communication resource from the idle resources of the current network based on the resource status information. The sending module is used to send uplink data to the base station at the communication time corresponding to the target uplink communication resource; The third receiving module is used to listen for and receive downlink frames containing response information broadcast by the base station.

11. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: processor; Memory used to store the processor's executable instructions; The processor is configured to execute the instructions to implement the communication method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, When the instructions in the storage medium are executed by the processor of the electronic device, the electronic device is able to perform the communication method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

Images