Intelligent body armor based on impedance gradient and self-repairing and damage monitoring method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of body armor, and discloses an intelligent body armor based on impedance gradient and self-repairing and a damage monitoring method. Slightly stacking the protective plates; a plurality of arc-shaped first buffer parts and second buffer parts are arranged on the female protective plate and the male protective plate respectively, and a repair capsule for repairing the outer protective layer and the micro-stacked protective plate is arranged in the accommodating area; the slightly-stacked protective plates are connected through the male protective plates and the female protective plates in a stacked mode. The inner protection sensing monitoring layer is provided with a plurality of arc-cone-shaped buffer blocks located in the second buffer part, layered absorption and dissipation of impact energy are achieved through impedance gradient design, protection failure and serious blunt trauma caused by local stress concentration are avoided, and through combination of a double-capsule system of a repairing capsule and a matrix self-repairing microcapsule, the self-repairing effect of the self-repairing microcapsule is improved. The in-situ polymerization reaction of the catalyst and the epoxy resin emulsion is utilized to automatically and quickly fill cracks, fiber fracture and other damages caused by impact, and the mechanical property of the protective layer is recovered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bulletproof vest technology, specifically to intelligent bulletproof vests based on impedance gradient and self-healing, and a damage monitoring method. Background Technology

[0002] Bulletproof non-woven fabric is one of the main materials used in the manufacture of bulletproof products. It is generally composed of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers and resin. The bulletproof effect of bulletproof non-woven fabric is mainly manifested in the dissipation and release of the kinetic energy of the bullet through the bulletproof material and the deflection of the fragments formed after the bullet breaks apart. Theoretically, the mechanism is as follows: when a bullet hits the fabric, it generates radial vibration waves in the impact area, which spread at high speed along the fiber axis through the material. When the vibration waves reach the fiber interlacing points, part of the waves will be transmitted along the original fibers to the other side of the interlacing point, another part will be transferred to the interior of the interlaced fibers, and another part will be reflected back along the original fibers to form reflected waves. The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber matrix material of non-woven fabric is a woven fabric with many interlacing points. After being hit by a bullet, the kinetic energy of the bullet can be transferred through the interaction of the fibers at the interlacing points, so that the impact force of the bullet or shrapnel can be absorbed over a large area, resulting in a better bulletproof effect. When impacted by a bullet, the fibers of the non-woven fabric rapidly disperse the bullet's shockwave energy along the fiber axis. The deformation of the resin absorbs a portion of the bullet's shockwave, and the resin between the non-woven fabric layers allows the bullet's shockwave to be transmitted along the thickness direction of the bulletproof product. Therefore, bulletproof non-woven fabric requires not only high-strength ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers but also high-strength resin and a medium capable of transmitting the bullet's shockwave.

[0003] The existing bulletproof nonwoven fabric also has its inherent drawbacks, such as poor impact toughness and lack of self-healing function. When subjected to external impact force, the bulletproof nonwoven fabric is prone to cracking. Once cracks are generated on its surface or inside, the cracks will slowly expand under stress, leading to the generation of internal cracks in the nonwoven fabric, and ultimately causing the entire nonwoven fabric material to break and fail.

[0004] Patent CN114773705B discloses a self-healing bulletproof nonwoven fabric and its preparation method. The fabric includes ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers as a skeleton and a filling resin, which fills the skeleton. The filling resin includes a matrix resin and a self-healing component uniformly dispersed in the matrix resin. The self-healing component is cellulose loaded with a curing agent, which is loaded into the pore structure of the cellulose. The UHMWPE fibers and the filling resin are hot-pressed to obtain the self-healing bulletproof nonwoven fabric. Multiple layers of the self-healing bulletproof nonwoven fabric can be hot-pressed to form bulletproof vest materials. The self-healing bulletproof nonwoven fabric of this invention has multiple repair functions and good bulletproof performance after self-healing.

[0005] However, the non-woven fabric of the above-mentioned technical solution uses the traditional flat plate method for users to wear. When hit by bullets, the flat plate has a large degree of indentation, which can easily cause serious blunt force trauma to the wearer. In addition, due to the sudden changes in the combat environment, bulletproof vests are often exposed to humid and low-temperature harsh environments such as rain and snow. The polymer materials in the existing self-healing microcapsules cannot react quickly in humid and low-temperature environments, which affects the self-healing of bulletproof vests.

[0006] Therefore, we provide a smart bulletproof vest and damage monitoring method based on impedance gradient and self-healing to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an intelligent bulletproof vest and damage monitoring method based on impedance gradient and self-healing. It has the advantages of layered absorption and dissipation of impact energy by impedance gradient and dual-capsule assisted bulletproof self-healing, solving the problems of severe blunt damage caused by local stress concentration and the impact of humidity environment on bulletproof vest self-healing.

[0008] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: Smart bulletproof vests based on impedance gradient and self-healing include: Outer protective layer; The micro-stacked protective plate includes a female protective plate and a male protective plate stacked together, as well as an inner protective sensing and monitoring layer; The negative protective plate and the positive protective plate are respectively provided with a plurality of arc-shaped first buffer parts and second buffer parts. The inner wall of the first buffer part of the negative protective plate is connected to the outer wall of the second buffer part of the positive protective plate to form a receiving area. The receiving area is provided with a repair capsule for repairing the outer protective layer and the micro-stacked protective plate. The positive guard plate is also provided with a third buffer part that abuts against the bottom of the negative guard plate. The micro-stacked guard plate is connected by the overlapping of the positive guard plate and the negative guard plate, so that the arc-shaped first buffer part, second buffer part and third buffer part disperse the impact of external force and reduce the degree of indentation of the micro-stacked guard plate. The inner protective sensing and monitoring layer is provided with multiple arc-shaped buffer blocks located in the second buffer section.

[0009] Preferably, the outer protective layer is made of non-woven fabric, and the multiple layers of non-woven fabric of the outer protective layer are laid and stacked in a clockwise rotation of 45° along the fiber direction and then hot-pressed into one piece.

[0010] Preferably, the negative and positive protective plates in the micro-stacked protective plates are made of non-woven fabric laminate.

[0011] Preferably, the plurality of first buffer portions on the negative protective plate are distributed at equal intervals, and the plurality of second buffer portions on the positive protective plate are distributed at equal intervals, wherein the shape ratio of the first buffer portion to the second buffer portion is: .

[0012] Preferably, the plurality of third buffer sections are located between two adjacent second buffer sections, and the ratio of the shape of the third buffer section to that of the second buffer section is 1:1.

[0013] Preferably, the repair capsule contains a catalyst, and the non-woven fabric material of the outer protective layer and the micro-stacked protective plate contains self-healing microcapsules that react with the catalyst.

[0014] Preferably, the wall material of the self-healing microcapsules in the non-woven fabric material of the outer protective layer and the micro-stacked protective plate is melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin, and the core material is epoxy resin emulsion.

[0015] Preferably, the catalyst for the repair capsule is a phenol-formaldehyde-diethylenetriamine condensate.

[0016] Preferably, the first buffer section, the second buffer section, and the arc-cone buffer block are tightly stacked on the micro-layered protective plate, and the inner protective sensing and monitoring layer is made of nano-sensing mesh cloth.

[0017] Damage monitoring method for smart bulletproof vest based on impedance gradient and self-healing: When a bullet impacts the bulletproof vest, the first and second buffer parts deform and compress the arc-cone buffer block. The inner protective sensing and monitoring layer transmits the impact point of the arc-cone buffer block as the damage point data to the terminal, and transmits the pressure value applied by the arc-cone buffer block to the terminal to obtain the degree of damage to the protective layer and the micro-stacked protective plate.

[0018] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with existing technologies, this invention provides an intelligent bulletproof vest and damage monitoring method based on impedance gradient and self-healing, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention utilizes a micro-stacked protective plate to create a tightly stacked layout of the negative and positive protective plates and the inner protective sensing and monitoring layer. The arc-shaped buffer sections on the negative and positive protective plates are evenly spaced and proportionally 1:1 in size. The inner and outer walls are tightly connected to form a sealed area for accommodating the repair capsule. The arc-shaped design utilizes the elastic deformation of the curved surface to disperse the impact force. When a bullet impacts, the arc structure does not rigidly resist but transforms the point impact load into a surface load through elastic deformation of outward expansion and inward contraction. Simultaneously, the toughness of the non-woven fabric laminate is used to achieve deformation rebound. The double-arc nested structure formed by the stacking of the two plates constructs a two-level impedance gradient: the first buffer section first contacts the impact energy and initially dissipates the energy through deformation; the remaining energy is transferred to the second buffer section and dissipates again through the arc structure. Compared with the traditional single buffer of the flat protective plate, this multi-buffered structure of the micro-stacked protective plate significantly improves the impact resistance and deformation resistance of this bulletproof vest, reducing the degree of blunt force trauma.

[0019] 2. This invention, by setting a third buffer section between two adjacent second buffer sections, with the shape of the third buffer section being proportionally equal to the shape of the second buffer section at a ratio of 1:3, fills the gap between the female and male protective plates, forming a buffer network without dead angles. When impact energy acts on the gap area of ​​the buffer section, the third buffer section absorbs the load through its own arc-shaped deformation, avoiding local stress concentration caused by the existence of gaps, achieving synergistic energy dissipation of the main buffer plus auxiliary buffer, further reducing the degree of indentation of the micro-stacked protective plates, thereby reducing the blunt force trauma to the bulletproof vest.

[0020] 3. The inner protective sensing monitoring layer of this invention uses a nano-sensing mesh fabric with multiple arc-cone-shaped buffer blocks tightly bonded to its surface. These blocks form a tightly superimposed layout with the first and second buffer sections. The top of the arc-shaped structure of each buffer block faces the second buffer section, and its bottom is bonded to the nano-sensing mesh fabric. The mechanical advantage of the arc-shaped design lies in the gradient pressure transmission: when the second buffer section deforms and compresses the arc-cone-shaped buffer block, the top of the cone first bears the pressure, and the pressure is evenly distributed to the bottom of the buffer block through the cone surface before being transmitted to the nano-sensing mesh fabric. This design avoids direct damage to the sensing layer caused by concentrated pressure and also achieves terminal energy absorption through the compression deformation of the buffer block, further reducing the impact force transmitted to the human body contact area.

[0021] 4. This invention forms a receiving area that can accommodate the repair capsule by tightly connecting the inner wall of the first buffer part of the negative protective plate and the outer wall of the second buffer part of the positive protective plate. While achieving a gradient impedance effect, it also utilizes the catalyst in the repair capsule within the receiving area to assist the repair efficiency of the non-woven fabric. When the impact of the bullet causes the non-woven fabric fibers to break and generate microcracks, the wall material of the self-healing microcapsule around the non-woven fabric ruptures, releasing epoxy resin emulsion, which fills the damaged gaps. At the same time, the catalyst in the repair capsule—phenol-formaldehyde-diethylenetriamine condensate—quickly initiates epoxy resin polymerization, shortens the waiting time for damage repair, avoids interference from environmental humidity on the curing reaction, ensures the stability of the repair layer, and extends the service life of the bulletproof vest. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the micro-stacked protective plate structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the micro-stacked protective plate of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is another perspective view of the exploded view of the micro-stacked protective plate of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the separated state of the micro-stacked protective plate of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection state of the micro-stacked protective plate of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the repair capsule structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the fit between the male and female protective plates of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal protective sensing and monitoring layer structure of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the bullet impact micro-stacked protective plate of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram comparing the micro-stacked protective plate of the present invention with a traditional flat protective plate under bullet impact.

[0034] In the picture: 2. Outer protective layer; 3. Micro-stacked protective plate; 301. Negative protective plate; 3011. First buffer section; 302. Positive protective plate; 3021. Second buffer section; 3022. Third buffer section; 303. Inner protective sensing and monitoring layer; 3031. Arc-cone shaped buffer block; 4. Repair capsules; 401; Catalyst; 5. Flat guard plate; 501. Recessed area; 6. Human body contact parts. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0037] In addition, a fixed connection refers to a connection in which parts or components are fixed and there is no relative movement; a transmission connection refers to a connection in which mechanical motion or torque is transmitted to other working parts through a transmission component; a sliding connection refers to a connection in which two objects are in contact but not fixed and can slide relative to each other; and a rotational connection refers to a connection in which two objects are in contact but not fixed and can rotate relative to each other.

[0038] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0039] This embodiment provides an intelligent bulletproof vest and damage monitoring method based on impedance gradient and self-healing, which has the following technical features.

[0040] Please see Figures 1 to 12 Intelligent bulletproof vests based on impedance gradient and self-healing include: Outer protective layer 2; The micro-stacked protective plate 3 includes a female protective plate 301 and a male protective plate 302 formed by stacking, as well as an inner protective sensing and monitoring layer 303. The negative protective plate 301 and the positive protective plate 302 are respectively provided with a plurality of arc-shaped first buffer parts 3011 and second buffer parts 3021. The inner wall of the first buffer part 3011 of the negative protective plate 301 is connected to the outer wall of the second buffer part 3021 of the positive protective plate 302 to form a receiving area. The receiving area is provided with a repair capsule 4 for repairing the outer protective layer 2 and the micro-stacked protective plate 3. The male protective plate 302 is also provided with a third buffer part 3022 that abuts against the bottom of the female protective plate 301. The micro-stacked protective plate 3 is connected by the overlapping of the female protective plate 301 and the male protective plate 302, so that the arc-shaped first buffer part 3011, second buffer part 3021 and third buffer part 3022 disperse the impact of external force and reduce the degree of indentation of the micro-stacked protective plate 3. Multiple arc-shaped buffer blocks 3031 located within the second buffer section 3021 are provided on the inner protective sensing and monitoring layer 303.

[0041] The outer protective layer 2 is made of non-woven fabric. The multiple layers of non-woven fabric of the outer protective layer 2 are laid and stacked in a clockwise rotation of 45° along the fiber direction and then hot-pressed into one piece.

[0042] It should be noted that the outer protective layer 2 is made of non-woven fabric, prepared using a multi-layer fiber clockwise 45° rotational lamination and hot-pressing integrated process. This laying method creates an interlaced mechanical support network of non-woven fibers. On the one hand, the high specific strength of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene non-woven fabric directly resists the initial impact of the bullet, consuming some kinetic energy through fiber stretching and breakage. On the other hand, the 45° rotational lamination constructs a gradient mechanical resistance interface. When the bullet impacts, it needs to break through the fiber constraints in different directions, and the energy is blocked and dispersed layer by layer, avoiding overload and breakage of fibers in one direction. The hot-pressing process ensures that the multiple layers of non-woven fabric are tightly bonded, forming a dense first line of defense, balancing protection and lightweight design.

[0043] The negative protective plate 301 and the positive protective plate 302 in the micro-layered protective plate 3 are made of non-woven fabric laminate.

[0044] The first buffer portions 3011 on the female protective plate 301 are distributed at equal intervals, and the second buffer portions 3021 on the male protective plate 302 are distributed at equal intervals. The ratio of the shapes of the first buffer portions 3011 and the second buffer portions 3021 is 1:1.

[0045] It should be noted that the arc-shaped buffer sections on the negative plate 301 and the positive plate 302 are evenly spaced and have a 1:1 ratio in shape and size, with the inner and outer walls tightly connected to form a closed containment area. The advantage of the arc-shaped design is that it utilizes the elastic deformation of the curved surface to disperse the impact force. When a bullet impacts, the arc structure does not rigidly resist, but rather transforms the point impact load into a surface load through elastic deformation of outward expansion and inward contraction. At the same time, it utilizes the toughness of the non-woven fabric laminate to achieve deformation rebound. The double-arc nested structure formed by the two layers creates a two-level impedance gradient: the first buffer section 3011 first contacts the impact energy and initially dissipates the energy through deformation. The remaining energy is transferred to the second buffer section 3021, where it is dissipated again through the arc structure. The double buffer significantly improves the impact energy attenuation efficiency compared to the traditional flat plate 5, reducing the blunt force trauma of the bulletproof vest.

[0046] The traditional flat protective plate 5 is a non-woven fabric laminate without a buffer structure in the existing technology, and the human body contact part 6 refers to the side of the inner protective sensing and monitoring layer 303 that is in contact with the human body.

[0047] Multiple third buffer sections 3022 are located between two adjacent second buffer sections 3021, and the ratio of the shapes of the third buffer section 3022 to the second buffer section 3021 is 1:3.

[0048] It should be noted that the third buffer section 3022 is located between two adjacent second buffer sections 3021, and its shape is proportionally 1:3 to that of the second buffer sections 3021, precisely filling the gaps between the buffer sections to form a buffer network without dead angles. When impact energy acts on the gap area of ​​the buffer sections, the third buffer section 3022 absorbs the load through its own arc-shaped deformation, avoiding local stress concentration caused by the existence of gaps, achieving synergistic energy dissipation of the main buffer plus auxiliary buffer, and effectively reducing the degree of indentation of the micro-stacked protective plate 3.

[0049] The repair capsule 4 contains a catalyst 401, and the outer protective layer 2 and the micro-stacked protective plate 3 contain self-healing microcapsules that react with the catalyst 401 in the non-woven fabric material.

[0050] The wall material of the self-healing microcapsules in the non-woven fabric material of the outer protective layer 2 and the micro-stacked protective plate 3 is melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin, and the core material is epoxy resin emulsion.

[0051] The catalyst 401 of the repair capsule 4 is a phenol-formaldehyde-diethylenetriamine condensate.

[0052] The first buffer section 3011, the second buffer section 3021 and the arc-shaped buffer block 3031 are tightly stacked on the micro-stacked protective plate 3, and the inner protective sensing and monitoring layer 303 adopts nano-sensing mesh cloth.

[0053] It should be noted that the inner protective sensing layer 303 uses a nano-sensing mesh fabric, with multiple arc-shaped conical buffer blocks 3031 tightly adhered to its surface. These blocks form a tightly stacked layout with the first buffer section 3011 and the second buffer section 3021. The top of the conical structure of the arc-shaped buffer block 3031 faces the second buffer section 3021, and its bottom is adhered to the nano-sensing mesh fabric. The mechanical advantage of the conical design lies in gradient pressure transmission: when the second buffer section 3021 deforms and compresses the arc-shaped buffer block 3031, the top of the cone first bears the pressure, and the pressure is evenly distributed to the bottom of the buffer block through the conical surface before being transmitted to the nano-sensing mesh fabric. This design avoids direct damage to the sensing layer from concentrated pressure and also achieves terminal energy absorption through the compression deformation of the buffer block, further reducing the impact force transmitted to the human contact part 6.

[0054] Damage monitoring method for smart bulletproof vest based on impedance gradient and self-healing: When a bullet impacts the bulletproof vest, the first buffer part 3011 and the second buffer part 3021 deform and compress the arc-cone buffer block 3031. The inner protective sensing and monitoring layer 303 takes the impact point of the arc-cone buffer block 3031 as the damage point, transmits the data synchronously to the terminal, and transmits the pressure value applied by the arc-cone buffer block 3031 to the terminal to obtain the degree of damage to the outer protective layer 2 and the micro-stacked protective plate 3.

[0055] Working principle: When a bullet impacts a bulletproof vest, it first acts on the outer protective layer 2, and then is transmitted to the first buffer part 3011 and the second buffer part 3021 of the micro-layered protective plate 3. Both of them undergo elastic deformation and press the arc-cone buffer block 3031 inward. When the impact of a bullet causes the non-woven fabric fibers to break and create microcracks, the surrounding self-healing microcapsule wall material ruptures, releasing epoxy resin emulsion that fills the damaged gaps. At the same time, the catalyst 401 (phenol-formaldehyde-diethylenetriamine condensate) in the repair capsule 4 rapidly initiates epoxy resin polymerization, shortening the waiting time for damage repair, avoiding interference from environmental humidity on the curing reaction, ensuring the stability of the repair layer, and extending the service life of the bulletproof vest. The arc-cone buffer block 3031 transforms the concentrated impact load into uniform pressure, which acts on the corresponding area of ​​the nano-sensing mesh, causing a sudden change in the impedance value of the sensing unit in that area. The nano-sensing mesh fabric, through its built-in signal processing module, transmits the coordinates of the sensing units with impedance abrupt changes as damaged points to the terminal device in real time, thereby achieving precise location of the damaged position. Meanwhile, the sensing unit converts the pressure value of the corresponding arc-shaped buffer block into an electrical signal. The terminal compares the preset pressure value with the received pressure value to assess the damage level of the outer protective layer 2 and the micro-stacked protective plate 3, providing data support for the rapid assessment of the wearer's injury and the maintenance of the bulletproof vest.

[0056] In summary, this intelligent bulletproof vest and damage monitoring method based on impedance gradient and self-healing employs a multi-level composite structure consisting of an outer protective layer 2, a micro-stacked protective plate 3, and an inner protective sensing and monitoring layer 303. Through impedance gradient design, it achieves layered absorption and dissipation of impact energy, avoiding protective failure and severe blunt force trauma caused by local stress concentration. Furthermore, through the combination of a dual-capsule system of repair capsule 4 and matrix self-healing microcapsules, and utilizing the in-situ polymerization reaction of catalyst 401 and epoxy resin emulsion, it automatically and rapidly fills the cracks, fiber breaks, and other damage caused by impact, restoring the mechanical properties of the protective layer.

[0057] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0058] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A smart bulletproof vest based on impedance gradient and self-healing, characterized in that, include: Outer protective layer (2); The micro-stacked protective plate (3) includes a female protective plate (301) and a male protective plate (302) formed by stacking, as well as an inner protective sensing and monitoring layer (303). The negative protective plate (301) and the positive protective plate (302) are respectively provided with a plurality of arc-shaped first buffer parts (3011) and second buffer parts (3021). The inner wall of the first buffer part (3011) of the negative protective plate (301) is connected to the outer wall of the second buffer part (3021) of the positive protective plate (302) to form a receiving area. The receiving area is provided with a repair capsule (4) for repairing the outer protective layer (2) and the micro-stacked protective plate (3). The positive guard plate (302) is also provided with a third buffer part (3022) that abuts against the bottom of the negative guard plate (301). The micro-stacked guard plate (3) is connected by the overlapping of the negative guard plate (301) and the positive guard plate (302), so that the arc-shaped first buffer part (3011), the second buffer part (3021) and the third buffer part (3022) disperse the impact of external force and reduce the degree of indentation of the micro-stacked guard plate (3). The inner protective sensing and monitoring layer (303) is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped buffer blocks (3031) located in the second buffer section (3021).

2. The intelligent bulletproof vest based on impedance gradient and self-healing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer protective layer (2) is made of non-woven fabric. The multiple layers of non-woven fabric of the outer protective layer (2) are laid and stacked in a clockwise direction at 45° angles and then hot-pressed together.

3. The intelligent bulletproof vest based on impedance gradient and self-healing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The negative protective plate (301) and positive protective plate (302) in the micro-stacked protective plate (3) are made of non-woven fabric laminate.

4. The intelligent bulletproof vest based on impedance gradient and self-healing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of first buffer portions (3011) on the negative protective plate (301) are distributed at equal intervals, and the plurality of second buffer portions (3021) on the positive protective plate (302) are distributed at equal intervals. The ratio of the shapes of the first buffer portions (3011) and the second buffer portions (3021) is 1:

1.

5. The intelligent bulletproof vest based on impedance gradient and self-healing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of third buffer sections (3022) are located between two adjacent second buffer sections (3021), and the shape ratio of the third buffer section (3022) to the second buffer section (3021) is 1:

3.

6. The intelligent bulletproof vest based on impedance gradient and self-healing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The repair capsule (4) contains a catalyst (401), and the outer protective layer (2) and the micro-stacked protective plate (3) contain self-repairing microcapsules that react with the catalyst (401) in their non-woven fabric material.

7. The intelligent bulletproof vest based on impedance gradient and self-healing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The wall material of the self-healing microcapsules in the non-woven fabric material of the outer protective layer (2) and the micro-stacked protective plate (3) is melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin, and the core material is epoxy resin emulsion.

8. The intelligent bulletproof vest based on impedance gradient and self-healing according to claim 7, characterized in that, The catalyst (401) of the repair capsule (4) is a phenol-formaldehyde-diethylenetriamine condensate.

9. The intelligent bulletproof vest based on impedance gradient and self-healing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first buffer section (3011), the second buffer section (3021) and the arc-shaped buffer block (3031) are closely stacked on the micro-stacked protective plate (3), and the inner protective sensing monitoring layer (303) is made of nano-sensing mesh cloth.

10. A damage monitoring method for intelligent bulletproof vests based on impedance gradient and self-healing, applied to intelligent bulletproof vests based on impedance gradient and self-healing as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: When a bullet impacts the bulletproof vest, the first buffer part (3011) and the second buffer part (3021) deform and compress the arc-shaped buffer block (3031). The inner protective sensing and monitoring layer (303) takes the impact point of the arc-shaped buffer block (3031) as the damage point, transmits the data synchronously to the terminal, and transmits the pressure value applied by the arc-shaped buffer block (3031) to the terminal to obtain the degree of damage to the protective layer (2) and the micro-stacked protective plate (3).

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