Aviation maintenance tool data acquisition method and system based on Internet of Things technology

Abstract

The invention discloses an aviation maintenance tool data acquisition method and system based on the Internet of Things technology. The system is composed of an aviation maintenance tool additionally provided with an Internet of Things communication unit, aviation maintenance portable maintenance auxiliary acquisition equipment (PMA), an aviation maintenance special interaction terminal and a digital aviation maintenance platform. The method comprises the following steps: an aviation maintenance platform generates tasks according to maintenance levels, constructs a basic data set, a process set and a maintenance result standard set at an interaction terminal, and generates tool operation process steps; the PMA is connected with the interactive terminal and the maintenance tool through the Internet of Things to form a hybrid ad hoc communication network, it is ensured that tool operation data is rapidly and accurately submitted to the interactive terminal, and the interactive terminal automatically judges the data compliance according to the standard and generates a maintenance result report. According to the method, routing is selected by using an ad hoc network genetic algorithm, network expansion is driven by PMA, data is stably transmitted in real time, manual filling errors and tedious checking are avoided, the adaptability and the anti-interference capability are high, and the working efficiency of aviation maintenance field personnel can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of data acquisition, transmission and communication for aviation maintenance tools. Specifically, it relates to a method for real-time acquisition and communication of digital and standardized data for operation tools with different hardware interfaces in aviation maintenance. It also relates to the construction of an aviation maintenance business process system based on real-time communication of the Internet of Things through an aviation maintenance interactive terminal. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional aircraft maintenance relies on manual visual inspection using aircraft maintenance tools, manual data entry, and manual data processing before making judgments. This process is highly dependent on human factors, complex, labor-intensive, lacks real-time responsiveness, and is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Aircraft maintenance tools, as a carrier of data collection and experimental information feedback, provide relevant personnel with a convenient, fast, and real-time data collection method, becoming an objective requirement of the aircraft maintenance industry. Therefore, applying Internet of Things (IoT) technology to all aspects of aircraft maintenance, production, scientific research, and daily work has become an inevitable trend in the aircraft maintenance industry.

[0003] Meanwhile, traditional aircraft maintenance instruments and tools, due to their inherent metrological attributes and requirements for accuracy and sensitivity, and the fact that most lack real-time communication capabilities, coupled with the diverse nature of aircraft maintenance data, make the recording and archiving of large amounts of maintenance and measurement data a key constraint on the efficiency of aircraft maintenance. Inefficient data collection methods do not meet the demands of an integrated, efficient, and rapid era. In complex and urgent aircraft maintenance scenarios, such as wartime emergency repairs, short-term downtime rapid inspections, and aircraft landing inspections, the timeliness of aircraft maintenance is critical, demanding high standards and requiring accurate and efficient data, which has become a rigid requirement for all aviation operation support departments. To ensure their safe and reliable operation, this involves a large workload, significant subjective factors in manual data recording, and the potential for reading errors.

[0004] To address these issues, a more advanced approach is to add IoT wireless communication functionality without altering the usage of on-site aviation maintenance tools, testing, measurement, and calculation methods. This allows for wireless communication and transmission with a more convenient and user-friendly aviation maintenance interactive terminal. The process transforms the previous manual observation and recording of data during aviation maintenance into automatic data collection, uploading, and reporting using modern digital information technology. Furthermore, it integrates edge computing technology from different hardware terminals to achieve automated data collection from tools and instruments without human intervention. Finally, an aviation maintenance report is generated based on the maintenance results verification requirements.

[0005] The entire process of data acquisition for aircraft maintenance tools based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology is divided into three stages: data acquisition for aircraft maintenance tools, communication between aircraft maintenance terminals, and business processing by aircraft maintenance interactive terminals. The technical background and application methods are as follows:

[0006] First, the existing hardware interfaces of aviation maintenance tools are used to add data acquisition and conversion functions and IoT wireless communication functions. The MCU inside the data acquisition module can automatically configure the hardware interface to interrupt trigger mode according to the hardware interface attributes. When a specific event occurs (such as a change in input signal), the MCU will immediately respond and execute a predefined interrupt service routine to perform detection scanning, adapt to the data acquisition protocols corresponding to different interfaces, and ensure that the data of different aviation maintenance tools can be accurately read periodically.

[0007] Then, through the Internet of Things (IoT) technology on portable auxiliary data acquisition devices for aircraft maintenance, multiple aircraft maintenance tools are connected, and data is collected and transmitted via IoT wireless communication technology. The application of IoT networks mainly considers meeting the following technical application requirements:

[0008] (1) Network Planning: First, network planning is required using the IoT wireless transmitter module on the portable auxiliary data acquisition equipment for aviation maintenance to determine the coverage area and communication requirements. This includes determining the location and distribution of communication terminals, as well as the network topology.

[0009] (2) Frequency configuration: Before transmission, it is necessary to select appropriate frequency bandwidth and spreading factor to ensure communication reliability and transmission rate.

[0010] (3) Network configuration: Configure the parameters of the wireless communication terminal, including device address, transmission rate, retransmission count, etc. It is also necessary to configure the terminal's working mode, such as sleep mode, wake-up mode, etc., to reduce power consumption and improve efficiency.

[0011] (4) Node registration: Each communication terminal is added to the network and registered. This involves assigning a unique device identifier and network key to ensure data security and authentication.

[0012] (5) Data Transmission: Data transmission is performed using an aviation maintenance communication protocol. The sender encapsulates the data and transmits it via the specified target device address. The receiver listens on the specified frequency and receives the data packets. If a data packet is corrupted or lost, the receiver can request a retransmission.

[0013] (6) Collision Detection and Retransmission: In wireless communication networks, collisions may occur (multiple terminals transmitting data simultaneously, causing conflicts). To address this issue, an adaptive rate and automatic retransmission mechanism is used in the internal MCU code of the portable auxiliary data acquisition device for aviation maintenance. If a collision occurs, the terminal will wait for a random amount of time before retransmitting.

[0014] (7) Data Processing: After receiving data, the aircraft maintenance interactive terminal parses and processes it. This involves data decryption, verification, and processing, as well as sending the data to the corresponding application and storing it locally.

[0015] Finally, based on the scope of products, tools, and processes involved in the aircraft maintenance objects selected by the user, configuration and data synchronization are performed in a normal network environment. This is equivalent to combining human control with edge computing components on the aircraft maintenance operation terminal to form parameters and algorithms that can be recognized by both portable auxiliary equipment and testing equipment in aircraft maintenance. This integrates the process steps of the management workflow to form a local business configuration table that can be executed in a non-network environment. The table then feeds back the aircraft maintenance tool testing data to the aircraft maintenance interactive terminal. This method can replace manual reading and copying of tables in the aircraft maintenance process, reduce the burden on staff, and eliminate the subjective factors caused by manual copying of tool data. Summary of the Invention

[0016] To address the shortcomings of traditional aircraft maintenance tool data acquisition and aircraft maintenance business applications, this invention aims to provide a method and system for complete aircraft maintenance tool data acquisition based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology. This system integrates aircraft maintenance tools with aircraft maintenance business requirements throughout the entire process, combining different levels of hardware terminals to form a complete set of aircraft maintenance tool data acquisition methods and systems. This addresses the problems mentioned in the background art. This invention considers the digital display tool instrument detection and communication transmission environment under different perspectives during aircraft maintenance, such as physical interface connections, endurance, and tool measurement attributes. It has strong anti-interference capabilities and improves the efficiency and reporting accuracy of aircraft tool instruments.

[0017] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: an aviation maintenance tool identification algorithm is mounted on a device equipped with an Internet of Things (IoT) communication module. Without changing the original usage method of the tools, after the staff uses the aviation maintenance tools normally, the aviation maintenance tools collect data and edge computing results. Using the IoT network established on-site, combined with the business system in the aviation maintenance interactive terminal, the aviation maintenance data is recorded as standardized and normalized data.

[0018] Furthermore, the method and system for collecting data from aviation maintenance tools using Internet of Things (IoT) technology includes the following steps:

[0019] (1) Use the communication module of the portable auxiliary data acquisition equipment for aviation maintenance and the aviation maintenance tool to complete the network construction of the Internet of Things hybrid self-organizing network technology; optimize the arrangement of nodes through genetic algorithm to maximize network coverage, minimize the communication distance between nodes or maximize network connectivity; connect the aviation maintenance interactive terminal with the Internet of Things upwards and connect the aviation maintenance tool with the Internet of Things self-organizing network downwards, so that the three form an independent, interference-free and efficient communication network.

[0020] (2) Generate aviation maintenance tasks in the aviation maintenance platform according to the requirements of aviation maintenance level and maintenance classification; through data definition, the aviation maintenance requirements in the task involve legal tools, personnel, maintenance requirements and other information, and match them with the actual on-site matching tools accuracy, personnel qualifications, maintenance conditions, etc., to ensure the legality and operability of the task issuance.

[0021] (3) The aircraft maintenance platform issues aircraft maintenance tasks. The aircraft maintenance platform automatically collects the task data according to the maintenance object and maintenance level, and issues it to the specific maintenance operation object.

[0022] (4) Taking the task as the guide in the aircraft maintenance platform, data is extracted, classified and collected through the data integration interface with the aircraft maintenance platform to ensure that the basic dataset, process set and standard set of maintenance results of aircraft maintenance are built in the aircraft maintenance interactive terminal;

[0023] (5) Collect, integrate, and merge data from the basic dataset, process set, and maintenance result standard set, generate corresponding maintenance task decomposition, and instantiate it into aviation maintenance tool operation procedures that can be divided into steps, executed, and easy to operate at the terminal.

[0024] (6) Operators send operation instructions to the Internet of Things transmitter on the aircraft maintenance tools through the work step requirements in the aircraft maintenance interactive terminal, and prepare for distributed edge computing in advance by using computing resources at different hardware levels in the Internet of Things network.

[0025] (7) After the operator completes the operation of the aircraft maintenance tool, the aircraft maintenance tool generates aircraft maintenance data. The Internet of Things transmitter automatically collects the aircraft maintenance tool data and transmits it to the aircraft maintenance interactive terminal through the Internet of Things communication network by the portable auxiliary data collection device for data standardization, encryption and transmission, ensuring the security and timeliness of responding to the instructions of the aircraft maintenance interactive terminal.

[0026] (8) The operator uses the data display in the aviation maintenance interactive terminal to determine whether the maintenance result data in step (7) is consistent with the data generated in the aviation maintenance tool, and ensures that the data upload is completed.

[0027] (9) The aviation maintenance interactive terminal automatically performs data compliance judgment through feature extraction and feature selection based on the process data and result data evaluation standards constructed in step (3). After the operator confirms the judgment result, the aviation maintenance result is handed over.

[0028] (10) The aviation maintenance interactive terminal, based on the requirements of standardized data output and combined with the aviation maintenance result data finally submitted in step (9), calls the pre-customized data file to display the unified report template, generates the aviation maintenance result report, and quickly completes the aviation maintenance inspection task.

[0029] The above steps are characterized by:

[0030] The IoT technology used in step (1) includes, on the one hand, meeting the long-distance communication needs of portable auxiliary data acquisition equipment for aviation maintenance, enabling it to cover a wider area. It employs a low-power design to achieve multi-device connectivity, allowing the terminal equipment of aviation maintenance tools to operate for extended periods, thus saving battery life. On the other hand, aviation maintenance involves complex wireless environments, and IoT spread spectrum technology is used to give it strong anti-interference capabilities in complex wireless environments. It can maintain reliable communication even in environments with interference from other wireless signals.

[0031] In step (2), different data groups are generated using data dictionaries, data models, and data standardization and orientation strategies. Each group supports the data structuring required for the execution of aviation maintenance tasks. At the same time, combined with the process steps of the management process, a local business configuration table that can be executed in the Internet of Things network environment is formed, which facilitates the generation of aviation maintenance tasks for different levels of objects.

[0032] After collecting all aspects of the aviation maintenance organization activities, processes, business models and employee capabilities used in steps (3) to (5), they are redefined and instantiated into unique aviation maintenance tasks. These aviation maintenance tasks are then assigned to the executing units or individuals, forming a digitalized system that digitizes elements such as maintenance equipment, support resources and maintenance personnel, and constructs digital association rules between support elements. Based on this, a brand-new aviation maintenance support business process is built, leveraging the executability of the complex system after digitization, the high concurrency of the work process, and the global characteristics of the system's front-end and back-end, thereby improving the overall efficiency and effectiveness of maintenance support.

[0033] Steps (6) to (8) employ a configuration interface for the uplink and downlink of the portable auxiliary data acquisition device for aircraft maintenance. This enables communication between the aircraft maintenance interactive terminal and the portable auxiliary data acquisition device, facilitating data interaction, processing, and display. Specifically, the autonomous management of a periodic table is used to pre-create and pre-process the aircraft maintenance data acquisition tool. Then, data acquisition commands are exchanged with the corresponding wireless transmission module of the final aircraft maintenance tool. Data acquisition and network communication methods, such as event queue filtering, event response, and event listening, are used to efficiently process the events read and communicated during the interaction. Based on this, an IoT communication network is established, allowing the portable auxiliary data acquisition device to upload and display the collected data to the aircraft maintenance interactive terminal. Finally, the operator submits the task to the aircraft maintenance interactive terminal.

[0034] In steps (9) to (10), structured digital process technology is used to select an appropriate method for generating task templates based on the complexity of the aircraft maintenance task and the characteristics of the aircraft maintenance data collected. Rule engines are combined with machine learning, NLP, and other technologies to improve the accuracy and efficiency of task template generation.

[0035] The concept of this invention is as follows:

[0036] (1) Ideas for constructing an ad hoc communication network for aviation maintenance Internet of Things

[0037] This invention uses a hybrid self-organizing network method to construct an aviation maintenance Internet of Things (IoT) communication network. The hybrid self-organizing network construction means that, based on the monitoring and coverage range required for aviation maintenance and the density of aviation maintenance tools, the distance factor of aviation maintenance tools in different areas determines that each aviation maintenance tool automatically switches to node mode and relay mode, ensuring the efficient and flexible construction of the aviation maintenance network.

[0038] The hybrid ad hoc network method used in this invention primarily applies an ad hoc network genetic algorithm to the communication module of an aircraft maintenance tool. This algorithm, based on evolutionary computation theory, optimizes node placement, routing, and energy management within the ad hoc network. First, the genetic algorithm optimizes node placement to maximize network coverage, minimize communication distance between nodes, or maximize network connectivity. Second, it optimizes routing strategies to minimize data transmission latency, maximize network throughput, or minimize energy consumption, thereby improving the ad hoc network topology and enhancing stability, fault tolerance, and adaptability. Finally, using a fitness index, it calculates fitness and selects a certain number of IoT nodes within the aircraft maintenance tool as a transmission group, forming a transmission tree structure. This selection and crossover process is repeated until a stable network communication condition is achieved.

[0039] In this invention, the self-organizing network of aircraft maintenance tools and portable auxiliary data acquisition equipment mainly considers the selection of communication transmission route paths and the number of nodes as comprehensive indicators, and the path with the smallest comprehensive indicator is the optimal path. Since the two indicators have different dimensions, they need to be normalized. This invention draws on previous research results and converts the two indicators into time consumption costs. The total time consumption of the route distance from the aircraft maintenance tool to the aircraft interactive operation terminal consists of the time consumption of the forwarding nodes of the aircraft maintenance tool. The route time from the aircraft maintenance tool to the aircraft interactive operation terminal depends on factors such as the length of the route and signal strength. This invention assumes that the routing communication rate within the IoT network is constant, therefore the time consumption per unit length is fixed. Thus, the total route consumption time can be obtained by multiplying the total path length by the time consumption per unit length. The time consumption of the aircraft maintenance tool nodes depends on factors such as the number of branching paths of the node forwarding path. Therefore, the total time consumption of the aircraft maintenance tool nodes is the sum of the time consumption at each intersection. Based on the above analysis, the fitness function can be expressed as shown in (Formula 1).

[0040] F=α×L / U+β×(T1+1.5×T2+2×T3)×N (Formula 1)

[0041] Where, F—the fitness function value;

[0042] α and β—weighting coefficients. This invention assumes that the two indicators have the same degree of influence, therefore, the weighting ratio between them is adjusted.

[0043] Set to 1:1;

[0044] L—Total length of IoT routing;

[0045] U—Required IoT wireless communication rate per unit length;

[0046] T1 — Time for non-selective transmission at the node intersection;

[0047] T2—Time for multi-route selection calculation and decision-making at node intersections;

[0048] T3 — The time required to return to the parent node when routing at the node fails;

[0049] N—The number of times aircraft maintenance data has been successfully returned.

[0050] According to Formula 1, the smaller the fitness value F, the less time is consumed, which means the path selection is better.

[0051] (2) Design idea of ​​data integration interface between aircraft maintenance platform and aircraft maintenance interactive terminal.

[0052] This invention utilizes a task-issuing mechanism from an aviation maintenance platform to extract, classify, and aggregate relevant aviation maintenance business data via a data integration interface between the platform and the interactive terminal. This interface enables the retrieval of process data. The specific method involves two aspects: First, the aviation maintenance platform externally encapsulates basic data, process data, and standard data into an externally callable interface capable of verifying the legitimacy and compliance of the caller, facilitating instantiation in process design applications. Second, the aviation maintenance platform and the interactive terminal jointly aggregate structured datasets of basic, process, and standard data required for aviation maintenance business requirements using different data structures such as project lists, SNS structures, and data module lists.

[0053] The design methods for each data integration interface in this invention are as follows:

[0054] Metadata call interface: First, it retrieves the list of all equipment in the IETM database within the aviation maintenance platform. Then, according to the requirements of the IETM output parameters, it returns the identifiers of all equipment in the IETM. Finally, it provides the PMA_getEquipments function to implement the call.

[0055] The SNS structure interface first obtains the model code from the standard code within the aviation maintenance platform, then outputs the SNS structure according to the output type requirements, and finally returns the SNS structure string. Through the equipment identifier in the interface, the PMA_getSNSEuipments function is ultimately provided for invocation.

[0056] SNS resource file interface: First, obtain the equipment code from the standard code in the aviation maintenance platform, then according to the output type requirements in the SNS resource structure, finally return the SNS resource file string. Through the file system identifier in the interface, the PMA_getSNSResources function is finally provided to implement the call.

[0057] Reader API: The reader API is designed to provide diverse support and display capabilities for different data structures and resource files on the aviation maintenance interactive terminal. It first parses the data based on IETM or a specified data structure, then, in conjunction with the requirements of the data module code, outputs the address of the preview link. Finally, it provides the PMA_getDmBycode function for invocation, facilitating rapid loading by the reader.

[0058] To-do Task Interface: The to-do task interface is the interface that enables the aviation maintenance platform to call process compilation tasks and batch production execution tasks. First, based on the specified user identifier, and according to key elements such as the task, the equipment to which it belongs, the aviation maintenance tool to which it belongs, the task initiation time, the task initiator, and the processing deadline, it outputs a task format compilation list. Finally, it provides the PMA_taskForDMEdit function to generate the to-do tasks that are distributed to the aviation maintenance interactive terminal through the aviation maintenance platform.

[0059] (3) Design idea for encrypting data messages between the aviation maintenance tool and the aviation maintenance interactive terminal after the aviation maintenance data is generated.

[0060] To ensure the secure and reliable transmission of aviation maintenance data generated by aviation maintenance tools to the aviation maintenance interactive terminal, to prevent unauthorized access or tampering of data during transmission, to ensure data integrity is not compromised, and to verify the legitimacy of the sender's identity, the following methods are used at different device levels in this invention:

[0061] This invention employs a symmetric encryption algorithm: AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) is selected for efficient symmetric encryption of data packets. The encryption and decryption algorithms are supported in the embedded programs of the aircraft maintenance tool communication module, portable aircraft maintenance auxiliary data acquisition equipment, and aircraft maintenance interactive terminal. Furthermore, to ensure secure key management within the aircraft maintenance platform, a Key Management System (KMS) is used to manage the keys, ensuring that only authorized users can access them.

[0062] This invention employs data integrity verification: communication data exchanged between the aircraft maintenance tool communication module, the aircraft maintenance portable auxiliary data acquisition device, and the aircraft maintenance interactive terminal are tagged using a Message Authentication Code (MAC) algorithm to ensure that the data has not been tampered with during transmission. The MAC is verified after the receiving end decrypts the data, thus guaranteeing data integrity.

[0063] This invention uses a secure communication protocol: an internally customized secure communication protocol for private domain use is used between the aircraft maintenance tool communication module, the aircraft maintenance portable auxiliary data acquisition device, and the aircraft maintenance interactive terminal to protect the security of data transmission. Attached Figure Description

[0064] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 2 A timeline diagram of the entire process of an aircraft maintenance tool data acquisition system;

[0066] Figure 3 A flowchart for generating aircraft maintenance tasks;

[0067] Figure 4A flowchart of the work steps for an aircraft maintenance interactive terminal; Detailed Implementation

[0068] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0069] A method and system for data acquisition of aircraft maintenance tools based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology, the specific implementation process of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the specific implementation process is explained below:

[0070] (1) Network construction using aviation maintenance IoT self-organizing network technology

[0071] The foundation of aviation maintenance ad hoc network technology primarily relies on portable auxiliary data acquisition devices for aviation maintenance as access points for the IoT ad hoc network. Genetic algorithms optimize node deployment, creating different network links to cover different hardware units within the ad hoc network. This ensures network matching and connection for the internal wireless modules of the devices. The portable auxiliary data acquisition devices generate routing strategies for aviation maintenance tool nodes from different aviation maintenance tools and wireless modules within the network. The timing sequence of the aviation maintenance IoT hybrid ad hoc network system is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0072] (2) The steps of the network genetic algorithm for aircraft maintenance self-organizing network technology are as follows:

[0073] The genetic algorithm for aircraft maintenance ad hoc networks is an optimization algorithm based on evolutionary computation theory. In this invention, it is mainly used to optimize node placement, routing, and energy management in ad hoc networks. This invention simulates the process of network node expansion and evolution, using genetic operations (such as selection and crossover) to search the spatial range of nodes requiring communication in the aircraft maintenance ad hoc network to find the optimal solution or a good approximate solution. It includes a detection network for identifying regional network routes with optimal communication paths during the aircraft maintenance data acquisition process. This lays the foundation for establishing a stable aircraft maintenance network.

[0074] (2.1) Initialization of communication nodes required in aircraft maintenance ad hoc networks

[0075] Based on the aviation maintenance task requirements generated in the aviation maintenance platform, the aviation maintenance address data and aviation maintenance transmission node information involved in the aviation maintenance task are used to randomly generate an initial population of the preceding parent set and the following subset, representing a potential understanding of each individual aviation maintenance node.

[0076] (2.2) Evaluation of the routing adaptability of nodes requiring communication in an aircraft maintenance ad hoc network

[0077] The fitness of each individual is calculated based on specific evaluation indicators of the communication requirements of the aviation maintenance ad hoc network. A genetic algorithm is used to optimize the placement of aviation maintenance tool nodes to maximize network coverage and minimize communication distance between nodes. A routing strategy is optimized to minimize data transmission latency and maximize network throughput, thus optimizing the ad hoc network topology.

[0078] (2.3) Network routing selection for nodes requiring communication in an aircraft maintenance ad hoc network

[0079] Based on the adaptability of the network routing of the communication modules of each aviation maintenance tool in the aviation maintenance ad hoc network, a certain number of communication nodes are selected as the parent of the next node, and the best path is determined in real time to ensure that the parent-child node changes caused by abnormal routing are not affected.

[0080] (2.4) Cross-connection of communication nodes in an aircraft maintenance ad hoc network

[0081] Based on the experimental changes in the self-organizing network of aircraft maintenance, and combined with the routing strategy confirmed by the networking algorithm on the portable auxiliary acquisition device for aircraft maintenance, cross-operation is performed on the routing paths under the same parent individual to generate new network routing paths under abnormal networks.

[0082] (2.5) In an aircraft maintenance ad hoc network, the communication nodes are required to transmit network updates.

[0083] Based on the fitness evaluation of the network routing of the communication module of the aircraft maintenance tool, the newly generated relatively stable network node individuals and the parent-child paths of the network predecessor are selected for optimization, and the best individuals in the entire self-built network of aircraft maintenance are constructed to form the optimal network for the next routing path.

[0084] (2.6) Optimization of redundant communication nodes in aircraft maintenance ad hoc networks

[0085] The selection, crossover, and selection operations are repeatedly performed according to the network routing of the communication module of the aircraft maintenance tool until the communication conditions of the aircraft maintenance network are met.

[0086] Through continuous evolution and genetic operations, the self-organizing network genetic algorithm can search the solution space of a problem and find a better solution, thereby optimizing the performance and efficiency of the self-organizing network.

[0087] (3) Generating task models for aircraft maintenance platforms

[0088] Based on the various aviation maintenance work objects involved in the aviation maintenance platform, task data is first extracted in real time using a dedicated interface and a stream processing framework. On one hand, the extracted data is stored on the aviation maintenance operation terminal, categorized according to different dimensions such as basic datasets, maintenance process sets, and maintenance standard sets. Using basic data from different dimensions as metadata, and through methods such as data dictionaries, data models, and data standardization and orientation strategies, a first-level aviation process standard data group and an aviation maintenance personnel resource group are generated. This generates collected test data, and aviation equipment information data is generated from the aviation maintenance tool group. Then, through business aggregation, a second-level aviation acquisition client information is established. On the other hand, process information for maintenance tools is first formed from the aviation maintenance tool information, and then combined with the aviation process test type to generate aviation process maintenance plans. Finally, aviation maintenance data and aviation maintenance process information are combined to generate aviation maintenance tasks, supporting the data structuring of aviation maintenance task execution requirements. This ultimately completes the model for aviation maintenance task application, preparing for further construction of instantiated aviation maintenance task data. The aviation maintenance task generation process is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0089] (4) Work step execution process of aircraft maintenance interactive terminal

[0090] The work step execution process of the aircraft maintenance interactive terminal is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the specific execution process steps are explained below:

[0091] (4.1) Connect aircraft maintenance tools and wireless transmission modules to conduct tool inventory;

[0092] (4.2) The aircraft maintenance interactive terminal starts up and connects wirelessly to the aircraft maintenance platform;

[0093] (4.3) The wireless network connection status is fed back from the aircraft maintenance platform to the aircraft maintenance interactive terminal;

[0094] (4.4) The operator of the aircraft maintenance interactive terminal logs in and authenticates with the aircraft maintenance platform;

[0095] (4.5) The aircraft maintenance interactive terminal downloads the maintenance tasks from the aircraft maintenance platform based on the authentication results of the previous step;

[0096] (4.6) The aircraft maintenance tools and wireless transmission module are powered on and running;

[0097] (4.7) The portable auxiliary data acquisition equipment for aircraft maintenance is powered on and running;

[0098] (4.8) The aircraft maintenance interactive terminal executes work cards and work steps according to business requirements;

[0099] (4.9) The aviation maintenance interactive terminal sends encrypted commands to the aviation maintenance portable auxiliary data acquisition device. The aviation maintenance portable auxiliary data acquisition device performs node network routing and wireless transmission based on the link status of the terminal aviation maintenance tools and equipment and the wireless transmission module in the Internet of Things.

[0100] (4.10) After the tools, equipment and wireless transmission modules for aircraft maintenance collect data, the data is returned encrypted along the original network path;

[0101] (4.11) The aircraft maintenance interactive terminal can perform network routing checks based on the network status of aircraft maintenance tools to ensure the normal operation of the entire aircraft maintenance IoT network. It can also support the selection of automatic and manual data acquisition methods for aircraft maintenance data collection, depending on the needs of aircraft maintenance operations.

[0102] (4.12) After receiving the encrypted data acquisition message sent by the portable auxiliary data acquisition device for aircraft maintenance, the aircraft maintenance interactive terminal processes the acquired data and submits it.

[0103] (4.13) Repeat steps (4.8) to (4.12) until all work cards in the aircraft maintenance task have been completed;

[0104] (4.14) The aircraft maintenance interactive terminal sends the work card filling results and attachments;

[0105] (4.15) The aircraft maintenance platform verifies the uploaded data and files;

[0106] (4.16) The aircraft maintenance interactive terminal generates an aircraft maintenance report and synchronizes it to the aircraft maintenance platform;

[0107] (4.17) All steps of the aircraft maintenance interactive terminal have been completed.

[0108] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0109] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method and system for data acquisition of aircraft maintenance tools based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology, comprising the following steps: (1) Use portable auxiliary data acquisition equipment for aviation maintenance to build a network through the Internet of Things (IoT) hybrid self-organizing network technology. Optimize the arrangement of nodes through genetic algorithms to maximize network coverage, minimize communication distance between nodes, or maximize network connectivity. Connect aviation maintenance interactive terminals to the Internet of Things (IoT) and connect aviation maintenance tools to the IoT self-built network to the IoT, so that the three form an independent, interference-free, and efficient communication network. (2) Generate aviation maintenance tasks in the aviation maintenance platform according to the requirements of aviation maintenance level and maintenance classification; through data definition, the aviation maintenance requirements in the task involve legal tools, equipment, personnel, production organization, maintenance requirements and other information, and match them with the actual on-site matching tools accuracy, personnel qualifications, maintenance conditions, etc., to ensure the legality and operability of the task issuance. (3) The aircraft maintenance platform issues aircraft maintenance tasks. The aircraft maintenance platform automatically collects task data based on the maintenance object and maintenance level, and issues the task to the specific maintenance operation object. (4) Taking the task in the aircraft maintenance platform as the guide, data is extracted, classified and collected through the data integration interface with the aircraft maintenance platform to ensure that the basic dataset, process set and standard set of maintenance results corresponding to the aircraft maintenance task are built in the aircraft maintenance interactive terminal; (5) Collect, integrate, and merge data from the basic dataset, process set, and maintenance result standard set, generate corresponding maintenance task decomposition, and instantiate it into aviation maintenance tool operation procedures that can be divided into steps, executed, and easy to operate at the terminal. (6) Operators send operation instructions to the Internet of Things transmitter on the aircraft maintenance tools through the work step requirements in the aircraft maintenance interactive terminal, and prepare for distributed edge computing in advance by using computing resources at different hardware levels in the Internet of Things network. (7) After the operator completes the operation of the aircraft maintenance tool, the aircraft maintenance tool generates aircraft maintenance data. The Internet of Things transmitter automatically collects the aircraft maintenance tool data and transmits it to the aircraft maintenance interactive terminal through the portable auxiliary collection device of aircraft maintenance via Internet of Things communication, ensuring the security and timeliness of responding to the instructions of the aircraft maintenance interactive terminal. (8) The operator uses the data display in the aviation maintenance interactive terminal to determine whether the maintenance result data in step (7) is consistent with the data generated in the aviation maintenance tool, and ensures that the data upload is completed. (9) The aviation maintenance interactive terminal automatically performs data compliance judgment through feature extraction and feature selection based on the process data and result data evaluation standards constructed in step (3). After the operator confirms the judgment result, the aviation maintenance result is handed over. (10) The aviation maintenance interactive terminal, based on the requirements of standardized data output and combined with the aviation maintenance result data finally submitted in step (9), calls the pre-customized data file to display the unified report template, generates the aviation maintenance result report, and quickly completes the aviation maintenance inspection task.

2. The method and system for acquiring data from aviation maintenance tools based on Internet of Things technology as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step (1) Based on the special characteristics of aviation maintenance, a portable Internet of Things (IoT) communication unit is added to the aviation maintenance tools. A genetic algorithm is added to the IoT communication unit to optimize the arrangement of nodes of the aviation maintenance tools, so as to maximize the network coverage and minimize the communication distance between nodes. The routing selection strategy is optimized to minimize the data transmission delay and maximize the network throughput. The topology of the self-organizing network is optimized to improve the stability, fault tolerance or adaptability of the network. At the same time, in the hardware circuit design, the traditional aviation maintenance tools are transformed into IoT devices with built-in high-performance onboard antennas and industrial-grade high-precision low-temperature drift crystal oscillators, forming an IoT communication system with industrial characteristics, consisting of aviation maintenance interactive terminals, portable aviation maintenance auxiliary acquisition equipment and aviation maintenance tools.

3. The method and system for acquiring data from aviation maintenance tools based on Internet of Things technology as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), based on the hard requirements of various types of aviation maintenance work involved in the aviation maintenance platform and using basic data of different dimensions as metadata, different data groups are generated through data dictionary, data model, data standardization and orientation strategies. Each group supports the data structuring of aviation maintenance task execution requirements, and prepares for further construction of aviation maintenance task instantiation data.

4. The method and system for acquiring data from aviation maintenance tools based on Internet of Things technology as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (4), according to different usage scenarios, the task data is first extracted in real time through a dedicated interface and a stream processing framework; the extracted data is then stored on the aviation maintenance operation terminal and classified according to different dimensions such as basic dataset, maintenance process set, and maintenance standard set; the classified data is then combined with the business system stipulated in the aviation maintenance task to collect the data and finally complete the model for the application of aviation maintenance tasks.

5. The method and system for acquiring data from aviation maintenance tools based on Internet of Things technology as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (5), based on the aviation maintenance tasks formed in step (4), data transformation (same as ETL method) is used to organize and heterogeneously generate special APIs for middleware, instantiate the tasks, and form executable and easy-to-operate aviation maintenance tool operation procedures. This effectively strengthens the loading and implementation of data rules for aviation maintenance interactive terminals, solves the interoperability problem of heterogeneous data between aviation maintenance platforms and aviation maintenance operation terminals, and ensures the localized management and control of aviation maintenance data.

6. The method and system for collecting data from aviation maintenance tools based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology as described in claim 1, wherein in step (7), the aviation maintenance tool is connected to a dedicated IoT transmitter, and the internal program of the IoT transmitter collects data from the aviation maintenance tool by adding SSL, TLS, and IPsec network data transmission security encryption technologies in different network layers. Symmetrical encryption encapsulation of address offset is performed using a dedicated communication protocol at the MCU's internal communication protocol layer, and symmetrical CRC data verification is performed on the aviation maintenance operation terminal and the portable auxiliary acquisition device for aviation maintenance to prevent conventional interference and ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data. This prevents malicious attacks, network eavesdropping, network tampering, and other illegal intrusions into the aviation field targeting the same frequency band as aviation wireless communication, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the IoT system.

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