Thorium resource comprehensive prediction model construction method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of thorium resource prediction and potential evaluation, and particularly relates to a thorium resource comprehensive prediction model construction method, which comprises the following steps: step 1, thorium resource information investigation and data collection; 2, investigating and researching the typical thorium deposit; 3, researching a regional thorium mineralization rule; and 4, constructing a thorium resource comprehensive prediction model. According to the method, on the basis of typical deposit dissection of thorium resources of different cause types, the characteristics of thorium mineralization regional structure background, mineralization times, mineral combination, alteration types, mineralization abnormity and the like are analyzed, on the basis of regional thorium mineralization law research, the mineralization elements and prediction elements of regional thorium ores are determined, and on the basis of the latest mineralization theory, the method has the advantages that the method is simple and convenient to operate. The thorium resource comprehensive prediction model is comprehensively constructed, so that the distribution characteristics and rules of thorium resources in China can be intuitively, efficiently and accurately reflected, and technical support is provided for comprehensively, objectively and efficiently predicting the thorium resource prospective area in China in the later period and predicting the metallogenic potential.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of thorium resource prediction and potential evaluation technology, specifically relating to a method for constructing a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model. Background Technology

[0002] Thorium-based molten salt reactors offer higher safety and thermal efficiency, and are a clean energy source due to the short half-life of their radioactive progeny. Thorium is a highly efficient nuclear material, which can be converted into... 233 Uranium undergoes fission reactions; 1 ton of thorium is equivalent to the energy provided by 200 tons of uranium or 350 × 10⁴ tons of standard coal. The Krippar rock on the Moon contains 840 million tons of thorium. As a power source, thorium has already contributed to the Chang'e lunar exploration program and the manufacture of nuclear-powered container ships. In the nuclear power field, thorium-based molten salt reactors, as an advanced reactor type, have gradually transitioned from experimental research to engineering applications in recent years. Currently, these reactors have officially obtained operating licenses, have long design operating cycles, and typical power output can reach several thousand kilowatts. Meanwhile, in the nuclear power field, some ships have adopted thorium-based molten salt reactors as their core power units. The development and application of thorium in nuclear power and nuclear propulsion have brought tremendous opportunities and challenges to the exploration and development of thorium resources in my country, thereby supporting the future exploration, development, and resource security of my country's thorium resources.

[0003] However, there are currently no reports on soil resource prediction techniques. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for constructing a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model. Based on the analysis of typical thorium deposits of different genetic types, this method examines the regional tectonic background, metallogenic epoch, mineral assemblage, alteration type, and mineralization anomalies of thorium mineralization. Based on regional thorium metallogenic regularity research, it clarifies the metallogenic and predictive elements of regional thorium deposits. Based on the latest metallogenic theories, a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model is constructed, which can intuitively, efficiently, and accurately reflect the distribution characteristics and patterns of thorium resources in my country. This provides technical support for the comprehensive, objective, and efficient prediction of promising thorium resource areas and metallogenic potential in my country.

[0005] Technical solution to achieve the purpose of this invention:

[0006] A method for constructing a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model, comprising:

[0007] Step 1: Thorium resource information survey and data collection;

[0008] Step 2: Investigation and research of typical thorium deposits;

[0009] Step 3: Study on regional thorium mineralization regularity;

[0010] Step 4: Construction of a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model.

[0011] Further, step 1 includes:

[0012] Step 1.1, Thorium Resource Information Point Survey and Collection: Based on the data within the nuclear industry system, preliminary data collection is conducted for each thorium resource information point. According to the existing genetic types of thorium resources and the division of thorium metallogenic zones, the thorium resource information points are organized and summarized.

[0013] Step 1.2, Secondary Development of Thorium Resource Information: Summarize and synthesize existing data, and summarize the missing thorium mineralization information.

[0014] Furthermore, step 1.2 includes: systematically summarizing existing data and systematically defining the distribution characteristics of regional metallogenic belts, tectonic evolution information, associated mineral patterns, metallogenic ages and periods, and mineral assemblage characteristics.

[0015] Further, step 2 includes:

[0016] Step 2.1, Study on the metallogenic characteristics of typical ore deposits: systematically summarize and analyze the geological characteristics of ore deposits, conduct radioactive geological surveys, identify the metallogenic geological characteristics of typical thorium ore deposits of each genetic type, and conduct metallogenic characteristic analysis of typical ore deposits;

[0017] Step 2.2, Thorium mineralization mechanism research and mineralization model construction: Collect samples, analyze and measure the samples, extract key thorium mineralization geological elements based on the analysis and measurement results, and construct mineralization model diagrams of typical thorium deposits.

[0018] Furthermore, in step 2.1,

[0019] A systematic summary and analysis of the geological characteristics of mineral deposits includes: a systematic summary and analysis of the metallogenic geological background, magmatic stratigraphic evolution, metallogenic structures, ore-controlling structures, ore types, mineral associated assemblages, and metallogenic periods of typical mineral deposits.

[0020] Radioactive geological surveys include: thorium-bearing analysis of various ore types, measurement of radioactive background values ​​in the deposit area, analysis of thorium mineralization distribution characteristics, analysis of thorium mineralization alteration types, study of thorium mineralization occurrence forms, and determination of thorium mineralization stages;

[0021] The metallogenic characteristics of typical mineral deposits include: regional metallogenic characteristics and deposit geological characteristics; regional metallogenic characteristics include: tectonic location, ore-controlling structures, ore-rich rock bodies and strata, and metallogenic age; deposit geological characteristics include: metallogenic structures, ore type, alteration characteristics, mineral assemblage, and metallogenic period.

[0022] Further, step 2.2 includes: systematically collecting chemical analysis samples, inclusion test samples, rock and mineral identification samples, isotope analysis and age determination samples, and performing major and trace analysis, mineralogical studies, isotope tracing and geochronological determination; through major and trace analysis, mineralogical studies, isotope tracing and geochronological determination, simulating and analyzing the mineralization process, mineralization, mineralization conditions, and associated mineralization types and phases of typical thorium deposits; extracting key thorium mineralization geological elements, analyzing the genesis of the deposits, studying the mineralization mechanism, and constructing a mineralization model diagram of typical thorium deposits.

[0023] Further, step 3 includes:

[0024] Step 3.1: Determine the regional tectonic evolution framework of key metallogenic belts: For the third-order thorium metallogenic belt, analyze the regional geodetic evolution process of the tectonic belt, summarize the regional tectonic-magmatic events since the formation of the metallogenic belt, analyze the regional tectonic environment and stress field properties, and at the same time, identify the regional metallogenic events in the region. According to the time sequence, the identification is carried out in sequence to form the regional tectonic evolution framework of the third-order thorium metallogenic belt.

[0025] Step 3.2: Determine the target strata for regional mineral exploration: Through the analysis of the mineralization process, mineralization effects, mineralization conditions, and associated mineralization types and phases of typical thorium deposits, and the construction of mineralization models, the thorium metallogenic geological parameters of typical deposits within the tertiary metallogenic belt are analyzed and studied. The characteristics of the thorium-rich strata of typical deposits within the regional metallogenic belt are analyzed, and the distribution characteristics and thorium-bearing analysis characteristics of the strata in the region are compared to determine the target strata for regional mineral exploration.

[0026] Further, step 4 includes:

[0027] Step 4.1 Extracting regional thorium mineralization elements and prediction elements: Based on the investigation and research of typical thorium deposits, the study of regional metallogenic regularity, and the determination of the target strata for mineral exploration, extract the mineralization elements and prediction elements of typical deposits of each genetic type, and extract the formation prediction elements based on the degree of favorability of each geological element to mineralization.

[0028] Step 4.2: Construct a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model: Based on the analysis of typical thorium deposits of various genetic types, and the analysis of thorium mineralization characteristics, construct thorium mineralization models for typical thorium deposits of various genetic types, study the thorium mineralization mechanisms of typical thorium deposits of various genetic types, conduct regional metallogenic regularity research on key thorium metallogenic belts, determine regional prospecting target layers, define regional metallogenic elements and prediction elements, and construct a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model.

[0029] Furthermore, in step 4.1, the element information includes: tectonic-magmatic events, tectonic location, ore-controlling structures, ore-bearing host rocks, alteration information, thorium mineralization information, mineral assemblage, mineralization anomaly information, each information level, and the weight and buffer range of each parameter for mineralization prediction.

[0030] The beneficial technical effects of this invention are as follows:

[0031] 1. This invention provides a method for constructing a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model. By systematically, systematically, and effectively utilizing previous research data, and through systematic data collection and processing, combined with radiological geological surveys of typical deposits of various genetic types, the method analyzes the metallogenic characteristics of typical deposits of each genetic type to construct the genetic mechanism and metallogenic model of typical deposits. Based on the determination of the regional tectonic-magmatic framework and the regional prospecting target strata, the method studies the metallogenic regularities of key metallogenic belts. Based on the study of the metallogenic regularities of key metallogenic belts, the method determines the regional tectonic evolution framework and the regional prospecting target strata. By comprehensively determining the regional metallogenic elements and prediction elements, a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model is finally constructed. This model can intuitively, efficiently, and accurately reflect the distribution characteristics and regularities of thorium metallogenic epochs, tectonic-magmatic evolution, metallogenic models, radiological anomalies, regional prospecting target strata, and associated minerals. It provides technical support for the comprehensive, objective, and efficient prediction of thorium resource prospective areas and metallogenic potential in my country.

[0032] 2. The present invention provides a method for constructing a comprehensive prediction model for thorium resources. By defining the research on typical polymetallic associated thorium deposits in my country to date and conducting radiological geological surveys, it has for the first time completed the construction of a comprehensive prediction model for thorium deposits of different genetic types. It efficiently, intuitively, and scientifically reflects the characteristics and patterns of metallogenic epoch, tectonic-magmatic evolution, metallogenic model, radioactive anomalies, regional prospecting target layers, and associated minerals of thorium resources of various genetic types in China. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a distribution map of radioactive thorium content in various lithologies of the Lingshan rock mass in the Geyuan mining area, as shown in this embodiment of the invention.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a metallogenic model diagram of the Geyuan niobium-tantalum associated thorium deposit in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 In the middle, z-Sinian Xiuning Formation; γπ-granite porphyry; χ-lamellar porphyry; hy-topazification zone; gul-silicification zone; 1-coarse-grained porphyritic amphibole-biotite granite of the central phase of the Lingshan pluton; 2-medium-fine-grained biotite granite of the transitional phase; 3-medium-fine-grained syenogranite of the marginal phase; 4-albitalized granite; 5-greisenized granite; 6-potassium feldspar granite; 7-pegmatite; 8-niobium-tantalum mineralization; 9-thorium mineralization; 10-outer contact zone orebody (tungsten, tin, molybdenum, lead-zinc); 11-alteration zone boundary; 12-drill hole and number;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0037] This invention provides a method for constructing a comprehensive prediction model for thorium resources, specifically including the following steps:

[0038] Step 1: Thorium resource information survey and data collection

[0039] Step 1.1: Thorium resource information point survey and collection

[0040] Through preliminary research and consultation, and based on the data within the nuclear industry system, preliminary data collection was conducted on various thorium resource information points. After fully understanding and mastering the existing data, the thorium resource information points were organized and summarized according to the existing genetic types of thorium resources and the division of thorium metallogenic zones.

[0041] Step 1.2, Secondary Development of Thorium Resource Information

[0042] Currently, there are no standalone thorium deposits in China. Existing thorium mineralization and deposit data mostly pertain to associated thorium resources, such as uranium-thorium, rare earth-associated thorium, molybdenum-associated thorium, and rare-associated thorium resources. Since my country has not yet conducted dedicated thorium resource exploration, the thorium mineralization information that can be collected from these deposits is limited.

[0043] This study summarizes and synthesizes existing data, including missing thorium mineralization information. It systematically clarifies the distribution characteristics of regional metallogenic belts, tectonic evolution information, associated mineral patterns, metallogenic epochs and phases, and mineral assemblage characteristics. Most existing information only includes one or a few of these aspects. The study summarizes valuable existing information and missing information requiring further investigation, such as information on associated minerals, host rocks, and mineralization alteration. A work plan is developed for the information requiring supplementary investigation, laying the foundation for future investigations and research on typical thorium deposits.

[0044] Step 2: Investigation and Research of Typical Thorium Deposits

[0045] Step 2.1, Study on the metallogenic characteristics of typical ore deposits: A systematic summary and analysis of the geological characteristics of ore deposits is conducted, along with radioactive geological surveys, to analyze the metallogenic characteristics of typical ore deposits of various genetic types.

[0046] A systematic summary and analysis is conducted on the metallogenic geological background, magmatic stratigraphic evolution, metallogenic structures, ore-controlling structures, ore types, associated mineral assemblages, and metallogenic stages of typical mineral deposits. As many geological characteristics of the deposits as possible are explored.

[0047] Based on this, we will focus on conducting radiological geological surveys to supplement the information from the radiological surveys, such as the thorium-bearing analysis of various ore types, the measurement of the radioactive background value of the deposit area, the analysis of the distribution characteristics of thorium mineralization, the analysis of the types of thorium mineralization alteration, the study of the occurrence forms of thorium mineralization, and the determination of the thorium mineralization stages. This will lay the foundation for future research on the metallogenic mechanism of thorium polymetallic deposits and the construction of metallogenic models.

[0048] The mineralization geological features of typical thorium deposits of each genetic type (magmatic, hydrothermal, sedimentary placer, weathering crust, and metamorphic) were identified, and the mineralization characteristics of typical deposits were analyzed. The mineralization characteristics of thorium deposits of each genetic type are shown in Table 1 below.

[0049] The metallogenic characteristics of typical mineral deposits include: regional metallogenic characteristics and geological characteristics of the deposits;

[0050] Regional metallogenic characteristics include the following elements:

[0051] Element 1: Geological location, clearly defining the geological location of typical deposits, spatially defining the extent of thorium mineralization;

[0052] Element 2: Ore-controlling structures, structures directly related to mineralization, and structures directly related to thorium mineralization;

[0053] Element 3: Ore-rich rock mass and strata, characteristics of mineralized strata and rock mass, target strata for regional mineral exploration, key elements of thorium mineralization;

[0054] Element 4: Metallogenic epoch, the period of concentrated mineralization in the region, and the time period of thorium mineralization;

[0055] The geological characteristics of mineral deposits include the following elements:

[0056] Element 1: Metallogenic structure, which is the secondary structure within the deposit that specifically controls the formation of the deposit and spatially defines the extent of thorium mineralization;

[0057] Element 2, Ore type, classification of ore mineralization type or industrial type, thorium content analysis of each ore type, and direct determination of specific thorium mineralization characteristics;

[0058] Element 3: Alteration characteristics, the types and distribution characteristics of wall rock alteration associated with thorium polymetallic mineralization, and a direct reflection of the properties of ore-forming fluids;

[0059] Element 4: Mineral assemblage, analysis of the types and thorium content of ore minerals, and the basis for research on the source of ore-forming materials and mineralization processes;

[0060] Element 5: Mineralization period, classification of thorium polymetallic mineralization periods, main thorium mineralization eras, and precise temporal definition of thorium mineralization periods.

[0061] Table 1. Metallogenic characteristics of thorium deposits of various genetic types.

[0062]

[0063] Step 2.2: Study on thorium mineralization mechanism and construction of mineralization model

[0064] Based on the above analysis of the mineralization characteristics of typical deposits, and to supplement the information required, systematically collected chemical analysis samples, inclusion test samples, rock and mineral identification samples, isotope analysis samples, and age determination samples. Field surveys and sample collection were conducted in accordance with the "Specifications for Uranium Geological Exploration" (DZT0199-2015). After sample collection, based on the analysis of the mineralization characteristics of typical deposits, major and trace analysis, mineralogical studies, isotope tracing, and geochronological dating experiments are required.

[0065] Based on the above research results and data analysis (major and trace analysis, mineralogical studies, isotope tracing, and geochronological dating), the mineralization process (such as the magmatic evolution process in the thorium mineralization stage), mineralization processes, mineralization conditions, and associated mineralization types and stages of typical thorium deposits were simulated and analyzed. Key thorium mineralization geological elements were extracted, the genesis of the deposits was analyzed, the mineralization mechanism was studied, and a mineralization model map of typical thorium deposits was constructed. Through mineralogical studies, the thorium occurrence forms of the deposits were summarized; through associated mineralization, isotope dating, and isotope tracing techniques, the genesis, mineralization age, and mineralization stages of the deposits were determined, and the mineralization mechanism of the deposits was comprehensively studied; combined with field geological surveys and previous research results, field measurement data from thorium-rich strata were used to analyze favorable thorium mineralization factors, including intrusive bodies, strata, structures, and mineralization stages, and then a mineralization model map of typical deposits was compiled. The mineralization model diagram comprehensively reflects the mineralization process of typical thorium resources and provides guidance for prospecting and prediction of this type of thorium resource.

[0066] Step 3: Study on regional thorium mineralization regularity

[0067] Step 3.1: Determine the regional tectonic evolution framework of key metallogenic belts.

[0068] This study analyzes the regional geodetic evolution of a third-order thorium metallogenic belt, summarizes regional tectonic-magmatic events since its formation, analyzes the regional tectonic environment and stress field properties, and identifies regional metallogenic events in chronological order, thus forming the regional tectonic evolution framework of the third-order thorium metallogenic belt. Based on this, regional metallogenic regularities are summarized, including the spatial distribution characteristics and temporal evolution patterns of thorium-rich strata within the region, as well as favorable regional structures and specific magmatic evolution events. This approach can directly, effectively, and systematically reflect the temporal characteristics of regional tectonic evolution, tectonic stress field characteristics, and metallogenic series assemblages.

[0069] Step 3.2: Determine the target stratum for mineral exploration in the area.

[0070] Based on the analysis of typical thorium deposits (analyzing the mineralization process (such as the magmatic evolution process in the thorium mineralization stage), mineralization processes, mineralization conditions, and associated mineralization types and stages) and the construction of mineralization models, the thorium mineralization geological parameters of typical deposits within the three-level metallogenic belts are analyzed. The focus is on analyzing the characteristics of the ore-rich strata (geological bodies) in typical deposits within the regional metallogenic belt. By comparing the distribution characteristics and thorium-bearing analysis characteristics of these strata (geological bodies) in the region, the target strata for regional mineralization are determined. The target strata for regional mineralization directly indicate high thorium content in field measurements within the metallogenic belt, representing a key favorable factor for thorium mineralization formation and an important parameter for predicting and evaluating thorium resources within the metallogenic belt.

[0071] Step 4: Construction of a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model

[0072] Step 4.1: Extract regional thorium mineralization elements and prediction elements.

[0073] Based on the analysis of typical ore deposits, the study of regional metallogenic regularities, and the determination of target strata for mineralization, this study extracts metallogenic and predictive element information for typical ore deposits of various genetic types. According to the favorable influence of each geological element on mineralization, predictive element information is artificially extracted (see example for details). The element information mainly includes tectonic-magmatic events, tectonic location, ore-controlling structures, ore-bearing host rocks, alteration information, thorium mineralization information, mineral assemblages, mineralization anomaly information, and descriptions of these elements. The classification of these elements is determined, and further, the weight and buffer range of each parameter for mineralization prediction are determined.

[0074] Step 4.2: Construct a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model

[0075] Based on the above research process, the construction of a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model requires, on the basis of the dissection of typical thorium deposits of various genetic types, the analysis of thorium mineralization characteristics, the construction of thorium mineralization models for typical thorium deposits of various genetic types, the study of thorium mineralization mechanisms for typical thorium deposits of various genetic types, the study of regional metallogenic regularities for key thorium metallogenic belts, the determination of regional prospecting target layers, and the definition of regional metallogenic elements and prediction elements. A comprehensive thorium resource prediction model map is compiled using drawing software. The comprehensive prediction model map can comprehensively reflect the above geological information and regional prediction elements; see the example map for details. The thorium resource prediction model comprehensively reflects the characteristics and regularities of thorium mineralization age, tectonic-magmatic evolution, metallogenic model, radioactive anomalies, regional prospecting target layers, and associated minerals.

[0076] Example 1

[0077] This embodiment provides a method for constructing a comprehensive prediction model for thorium resources, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0078] Step 1: Thorium resource information survey and data collection

[0079] Step 1.1: Data Research and Collection

[0080] Through preliminary research and consultation, focusing on data within the nuclear industry system, preliminary data collection was conducted on various thorium resource information points. After gaining a thorough understanding and mastery of the existing data, the thorium resource information points were organized and summarized based on the existing genetic types of thorium resources and the division of thorium metallogenic zones.

[0081] Step 1.2, Secondary Development of Thorium Resource Information

[0082] Currently, there are no standalone thorium deposits in China. Existing thorium mineralization and deposit data mostly pertain to associated thorium resources, such as uranium-thorium, rare earth-associated thorium, molybdenum-associated thorium, and rare-associated thorium resources. Since my country has not yet conducted dedicated thorium resource exploration, the thorium mineralization information that can be collected from these deposits is limited.

[0083] This study summarizes and synthesizes existing data, including missing thorium mineralization information. It systematically clarifies the distribution characteristics of regional metallogenic belts, tectonic evolution information, associated mineral patterns, metallogenic epochs and phases, and mineral assemblage characteristics. It also summarizes existing valuable information and information requiring further investigation. A work plan is developed for the information requiring supplementary investigation, laying the foundation for future investigations and research on typical thorium deposits.

[0084] Step 2: Investigation and Research of Typical Thorium Deposits

[0085] Step 2.1: Study on typical mineralization characteristics

[0086] This study selected the typical magmatic deposit—the Jiangxi Geyuan niobium-tantalum associated thorium deposit—and systematically summarized and analyzed its metallogenic geological background, magmatic stratigraphic evolution, metallogenic structures, ore-controlling structures, ore types, mineral associated assemblages, and metallogenic stages.

[0087] The Hengfeng Geyuan deposit is located in the Huangshan mining area, primarily within the Lingshan granite body. Geologically, it lies on the southwestern edge of the Qiantang block syncline. The exposed strata within the mining area are mainly the Upper Cambrian Huayansi Formation. The region experienced frequent magmatic activity throughout various periods, with the Yanshanian period being the most intense, resulting in the development of medium- to coarse-grained biotite granite. The mineralization structure consists of a regionally oriented, northeast-southeast, open compound syncline and associated faults. The base of the mineralized rock body controls an area of ​​0.85 km². 2The mineralized rocks are mainly medium- to fine-grained albite-altered biotite granite, with localized greisen and pegmatite at the top. Due to intense later sodium alteration, some or all of the rock-forming minerals such as potassium feldspar, plagioclase, biotite, and quartz were replaced by albite and lepidolite, forming white, granular albite-altered granite. The albite-altered, greisenized, and potassium feldspar-altered granite above the concealed intrusive body constitutes a tantalum-niobium industrial ore body.

[0088] Based on this, a key focus was placed on conducting radioactive geological surveys to supplement the information gathered. Field geological surveys revealed that the albite-bearing granite exhibited high radioactivity, with a gamma-ray spectral density of 118 × 10⁻⁶ thorium. -6 -146×10 -6 Biotite granite is the main lithology of the Lingshan pluton, with a radioactive thorium content of 47 × 10⁻⁶. -6 -89×10 -6 The pegmatite had the highest thorium content in its radiometric spectrum, at 210 × 10⁻⁶. -6 -499×10 -6 ,like Figure 1 As shown.

[0089] Based on the above work, the following table of metallogenic geological characteristics of the magmatic-type Jiangxi Geyuan niobium-tantalum associated thorium deposit was defined, as shown in Table 2.

[0090] Regional metallogenic characteristics include the following elements

[0091] The geological location is on the southwestern edge of the "Qiantang Block Syncline", which spatially defines the extent of thorium mineralization.

[0092] Ore-controlling structures include a regionally axially northeast-oriented open compound syncline and associated faults, which are structures directly related to thorium mineralization.

[0093] Ore-rich rock mass and strata, Yanshanian biotite granite, target strata for regional mineral exploration, key elements of thorium mineralization;

[0094] Metallogenic epoch: Middle to Late Yanshanian period, which temporally limits the age of thorium mineralization;

[0095] The geological characteristics of mineral deposits include the following elements

[0096] Metallogenic structures: marginal faults of the Lingshan pluton, structures directly related to thorium mineralization.

[0097] Ore type, granite type and pegmatite type, thorium-bearing analysis of each ore type, and direct determination of specific thorium mineralization characteristics;

[0098] The alteration characteristics, including albite alteration, hornfels alteration, and skarn alteration, reflect the alkaline ore-forming hydrothermal properties.

[0099] Mineral assemblage, including columbite, tantalum-columbite, monazite, sphene, pyrochlore, zircon, and thorium, forms the basis for the study of the source and mineralization of ore-forming materials;

[0100] The mineralization period is defined by the high-temperature hydrothermal stage of thorium mineralization development at 127 Ma, which is the main thorium mineralization era and precisely defines the thorium mineralization period in time.

[0101] Table 2. Metallogenic Characteristics of the Niobium-Tantalum Associated Thorium Deposit in Geyuan, Jiangxi Province

[0102]

[0103] Step 2.2: Study on thorium mineralization mechanism and construction of mineralization model

[0104] Based on the above analysis of the mineralization characteristics of the niobium-tantalum associated thorium deposit in Geyuan, Jiangxi Province, samples for chemical analysis, inclusion testing, rock and mineral identification, isotope analysis, and age determination were systematically collected to supplement the information. Field surveys and sample collection were conducted in accordance with the "Specifications for Uranium Geological Exploration" (DZT0199-2015).

[0105] Based on the above research results and data analysis, the mineralization process of typical thorium deposits was simulated and analyzed, including the magmatic evolution process, ore types, mineral assemblages, and associated mineral types and stages during the thorium mineralization stage. Key thorium mineralization geological elements were extracted, the genesis of the deposits was analyzed, the mineralization mechanism was studied, and metallogenic model diagrams of typical thorium deposits were compiled, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the niobium-tantalum associated thorium mineralization in Geyuan was formed in albite granites and pegmatites during the high-temperature hydrothermal stage, with a mineralization age of 127 Ma. This mineralization model diagram comprehensively reflects the mineralization process of the niobium-tantalum associated thorium deposit in Geyuan, Jiangxi Province, and has guiding significance for prospecting and prediction of this type of thorium resource.

[0106] Step 3: Study on regional thorium mineralization regularity

[0107] Step 3.1: Determine the regional tectonic evolution framework of key metallogenic belts.

[0108] Table 3 shows the regional tectonic-magmatic evolution framework of the third-order thorium metallogenic belt—the Kangdian basement fault-uplift thorium metallogenic belt of the Yangtze Block (the Geyuan niobium-tantalum associated thorium deposit in Jiangxi is a typical deposit in this third-order metallogenic belt; a point-to-surface study of regional metallogenic characteristics is conducted to support regional prediction). This metallogenic belt is an important polymetallic metallogenic belt in my country, rich in uranium resources, with relatively low regional uranium content, multiple ore-bearing strata, multiple uranium mineralization ages, and large ore-rock time differences, clearly controlled by tectonics. There is no obvious co-occurrence pattern of uranium and thorium mineralization. However, the uranium and thorium content increases significantly in the Yanshanian rift granites and in the alkaline granites of the Cenozoic Himalayan orogeny, indicating the development of thorium-uranium mineralization.

[0109] It is also a well-known Cenozoic rare earth mineralization area. Endogenous rare earth mineralization in China did not end in the Yanshanian period, but extended to the Himalayan period, thus opening up new avenues for rare earth prospecting. This discovery is particularly significant for understanding the tectonic-magmatic mineralization and its sequence in the Himalayan period of the Panxi region.

[0110] Table 3. Classification of Magmatic Structures and Mineralization Stages of the Kangdian Axis

[0111]

[0112]

[0113] Step 3.2: Determine the target stratum for mineral exploration in the area.

[0114] Based on the anatomy of the aforementioned typical deposits and the construction of their metallogenic models, this study analyzes the thorium-bearing geological parameters of typical deposits within the three-level metallogenic belts. The focus is on analyzing the characteristics of the thorium-rich strata (geological bodies) in these typical deposits within the regional metallogenic belt, comparing their distribution characteristics and thorium-bearing features across the region. The target strata for regional mineral exploration are identified. Biotite granite and nephrite alkaline granite within the region are source bodies for rare earth and rare mineralization, while their derived alkaline pegmatites, carbonate rocks, and various alkaline veins are rich in rare earth mineralization, serving as the most direct indicators for mineral exploration and also representing the target strata for rare earth-associated thorium deposits in the region.

[0115] Step 4: Construction of a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model

[0116] Step 4.1: Extract regional thorium mineralization elements and prediction elements.

[0117] Based on the analysis of typical ore deposits, the study of regional metallogenic regularities, and the determination of target strata for mineral exploration, this study extracts metallogenic and predictive elements for typical ore deposits of various genetic types. The element information mainly includes tectonic-magmatic events, tectonic location, ore-controlling structures, ore-bearing host rocks, alteration information, thorium mineralization information, mineral assemblages, mineralization anomaly information, descriptions of these elements, classification of their levels, and further determination of the weight and buffer range of each parameter for metallogenic prediction.

[0118] Taking magmatic thorium deposits as an example, magmatic thorium deposits are mainly distributed in ancient cratons, block margins, or orogenic belts, such as: the thorium metallogenic belt of the southern Tianshan syngas belt on the northern margin of the Tarim Block; the thorium metallogenic belt of the Xiaoqinling-Western Henan fault uplift belt on the southern margin of the North China Block; the thorium metallogenic belt of the Liaodong Mesoproterozoic rift belt on the northern margin of the North China Block; the thorium metallogenic belt of the Mesozoic volcanic activity belt in the central section of the Greater Khingan Mountains; and the thorium metallogenic belt of the Kangdian basement fault uplift on the western margin of the Yangtze Block. Their metallogenic elements are shown in Table 4. These regions generally develop deep, large faults that cut through the crust, such as the Honghe Fault Zone and the Huanggangliang-Ulanhot compressional-shear fault zone. Alkaline magma intrudes along these fault zones, forming thorium-rich nepheline syenite, alkaline syenite, and alkaline granite. These types of thorium deposits are mainly formed by magmatic crystallization differentiation. Therefore, there is relatively little hydrothermal alteration in the later stages, with only localized carbonatization, fluoritization, aegiritization, albite alteration, silicification, and clay alteration.

[0119] The main ore minerals are thorium, thoridite, and uranium-thorium, along with minerals associated with thorium and rare elements, such as monazite, followed by hydrophosphorus-calcium thorium, bastnaesite, and xenotime. Associated minerals are mostly light rare earth elements, uranium, niobium-tantalum, gold, and molybdenum. Within each metallogenic belt, the metallogenic epochs are controlled by regional tectonic evolution and exhibit certain regularities.

[0120] Table 4. Metallogenic elements of magmatic thorium deposits

[0121]

[0122]

[0123] Based on thorium source criteria, tectonic criteria, target strata criteria, environmental climate, and thorium mineralization criteria, thorium mineralization elements are determined. Tectonics are a crucial factor in thorium mineralization; further determination is needed of the buffer range of primary tectonic structures and the density and development range of secondary ore-controlling structures. Target strata primarily consist of igneous-alkaline rocks, carbonate rocks, pegmatite dikes, and granites. Parameters such as the favorability of igneous rock bodies to thorium mineralization and their buffer range should be determined based on specific circumstances. Airborne radiometric and geochemical information are important factors in predicting this type of thorium mineralization; the upper and lower limits of thorium anomalies within each metallogenic belt are calculated, and the weight of anomaly information on thorium mineralization is determined. Information on ore deposits, mineral occurrences, and anomalies are favorable clues and important factors for mineralization prediction; the favorability and weight of these points are determined based on the specific circumstances of the ore deposits. Remote sensing information is more advantageous in identifying favorable mineralization rock bodies and structures in northern regions, but its contribution to mineralization prediction is limited in southern regions and areas with lush vegetation. Information on predictive elements for magmatic thorium resources is shown in Table 5.

[0124] Table 5. Information on Predictive Elements for Magmatic Thorium Deposits

[0125]

[0126]

[0127] Step 4.2: Construct a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model

[0128] Based on the above research process, typical thorium deposits of hydrothermal, sedimentary placer, and weathering crust types were studied sequentially. Following a comprehensive analysis of typical thorium deposits of each genetic type, thorium mineralization characteristics were analyzed, thorium mineralization models for typical thorium deposits of each genetic type were constructed, and the thorium mineralization mechanisms of typical thorium deposits of each genetic type were investigated. Regional metallogenic regularities were studied for key thorium metallogenic belts, regional prospecting target layers were identified, regional metallogenic and predictive elements were defined, and a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model was constructed. Figure 3 As shown.

[0129] Figure 3 The results show that the thorium resource prediction model comprehensively reflects the characteristics and patterns of thorium mineralization epoch, tectonic-magmatic evolution, mineralization model, radioactive anomalies, regional prospecting target layers, and associated minerals.

[0130] The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. All contents not described in detail in the present invention can be derived from existing technologies.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a comprehensive prediction model for thorium resources, characterized in that, include: Step 1: Thorium resource information survey and data collection; Step 2: Investigation and research of typical thorium deposits; Step 3: Study on regional thorium mineralization regularity; Step 4: Construction of a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model.

2. The method for constructing a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 1 includes: Step 1.1, Thorium Resource Information Point Survey and Collection: Based on the data within the nuclear industry system, preliminary data collection is conducted for each thorium resource information point. According to the existing genetic types of thorium resources and the division of thorium metallogenic zones, the thorium resource information points are organized and summarized. Step 1.2, Secondary Development of Thorium Resource Information: Summarize and synthesize existing data, and summarize the missing thorium mineralization information.

3. The method for constructing a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model according to claim 2, characterized in that, Step 1.2 includes: systematically summarizing existing data and systematically defining the distribution characteristics of regional metallogenic belts, tectonic evolution information, associated mineral patterns, metallogenic ages and periods, and mineral assemblage characteristics.

4. The method for constructing a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model according to claim 2, characterized in that, Step 2 includes: Step 2.1, Study on the metallogenic characteristics of typical ore deposits: systematically summarize and analyze the geological characteristics of ore deposits, conduct radioactive geological surveys, identify the metallogenic geological characteristics of typical thorium ore deposits of each genetic type, and conduct metallogenic characteristic analysis of typical ore deposits; Step 2.2, Thorium mineralization mechanism research and mineralization model construction: Collect samples, analyze and measure the samples, extract key thorium mineralization geological elements based on the analysis and measurement results, and construct mineralization model diagrams of typical thorium deposits.

5. The method for constructing a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step 2.1, A systematic summary and analysis of the geological characteristics of mineral deposits includes: a systematic summary and analysis of the metallogenic geological background, magmatic stratigraphic evolution, metallogenic structures, ore-controlling structures, ore types, mineral associated assemblages, and metallogenic periods of typical mineral deposits. Radioactive geological surveys include: thorium-bearing analysis of various ore types, measurement of radioactive background values ​​in the deposit area, analysis of thorium mineralization distribution characteristics, analysis of thorium mineralization alteration types, study of thorium mineralization occurrence forms, and determination of thorium mineralization stages; The metallogenic characteristics of typical mineral deposits include: regional metallogenic characteristics and deposit geological characteristics; regional metallogenic characteristics include: tectonic location, ore-controlling structures, ore-rich rock bodies and strata, and metallogenic age; deposit geological characteristics include: metallogenic structures, ore type, alteration characteristics, mineral assemblage, and metallogenic period.

6. The method for constructing a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step 2.2 includes: systematically collecting chemical analysis samples, inclusion test samples, rock and mineral identification samples, isotope analysis and age determination samples, and performing major and trace analysis, mineralogical studies, isotope tracing and geochronological determination; through major and trace analysis, mineralogical studies, isotope tracing and geochronological determination, simulating and analyzing the mineralization process, mineralization, mineralization conditions, and associated mineralization types and phases of typical thorium deposits; extracting key thorium mineralization geological elements, analyzing the genesis of the deposits, studying the mineralization mechanism, and constructing a mineralization model diagram of typical thorium deposits.

7. The method for constructing a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step 3 includes: Step 3.1: Determine the regional tectonic evolution framework of key metallogenic belts: For the third-order thorium metallogenic belt, analyze the regional geodetic evolution process of the tectonic belt, summarize the regional tectonic-magmatic events since the formation of the metallogenic belt, analyze the regional tectonic environment and stress field properties, and at the same time, identify the regional metallogenic events in the region. According to the time sequence, the identification is carried out in sequence to form the regional tectonic evolution framework of the third-order thorium metallogenic belt. Step 3.2: Determine the target strata for regional mineral exploration: Through the analysis of the mineralization process, mineralization effects, mineralization conditions, and associated mineralization types and phases of typical thorium deposits, and the construction of mineralization models, the thorium metallogenic geological parameters of typical deposits within the tertiary metallogenic belt are analyzed and studied. The characteristics of the thorium-rich strata of typical deposits within the regional metallogenic belt are analyzed, and the distribution characteristics and thorium-bearing analysis characteristics of the strata in the region are compared to determine the target strata for regional mineral exploration.

8. The method for constructing a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model according to claim 7, characterized in that, Step 4 includes: Step 4.1 Extracting regional thorium mineralization elements and prediction elements: Based on the investigation and research of typical thorium deposits, the study of regional metallogenic regularity, and the determination of the target strata for mineral exploration, extract the mineralization elements and prediction elements of typical deposits of each genetic type, and extract the formation prediction elements based on the degree of favorability of each geological element to mineralization. Step 4.2: Construct a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model: Based on the analysis of typical thorium deposits of various genetic types, and the analysis of thorium mineralization characteristics, construct thorium mineralization models for typical thorium deposits of various genetic types, study the thorium mineralization mechanisms of typical thorium deposits of various genetic types, conduct regional metallogenic regularity research on key thorium metallogenic belts, determine regional prospecting target layers, define regional metallogenic elements and prediction elements, and construct a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model.

9. The method for constructing a comprehensive thorium resource prediction model according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step 4.1, the element information includes: tectonic-magmatic events, tectonic location, ore-controlling structures, ore-bearing host rocks, alteration information, thorium mineralization information, mineral assemblage, mineralization anomaly information, each information level, and the weight and buffer range of each parameter for mineralization prediction.

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