Periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of static elimination, and particularly relates to a periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination, which comprises a pulse frequency control module, an LLC resonant converter, a bidirectional switch driving module, a bidirectional switch voltage doubling rectifying module and an output signal conditioning and protecting module. According to the periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination, through organic combination of the LLC resonant converter, the voltage doubling rectifier module, the bidirectional switching tube group, pulse frequency control and closed-loop feedback regulation, dual innovation of a topological structure and a control strategy is realized in the field of high-voltage switching power supplies; the whole device has the advantages of high efficiency, high controllability, high stability, high safety and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of static electricity elimination technology, and in particular relates to a periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static electricity elimination. Background Technology

[0002] Static electricity buildup is a prevalent technical challenge in industrial production, electronics manufacturing, and precision instrument processing. It not only affects product processing accuracy and damages electronic components, but can also trigger electrostatic discharge, potentially leading to fires, explosions, and other safety hazards. Therefore, static electricity elimination technology plays an indispensable role in these fields. High-voltage power supplies, as the core component of static electricity elimination equipment, directly determine the effectiveness, stability, and applicability of static electricity elimination through their output characteristics, regulation capabilities, and safety performance. They are also a key factor restricting the upgrading of static electricity elimination technology.

[0003] Currently, most conventional high-voltage power supplies for static elimination in the industry adopt a pure transformer structure with a sinusoidal output voltage, which has several inherent defects: First, the output stability is poor, resulting in unstable ion concentration generated by the static elimination equipment, thus leading to poor static neutralization effect; second, the output frequency, voltage, and current are all fixed and cannot be adjusted flexibly according to the actual static intensity, spatial distance between the equipment and the target object, etc., resulting in poor adaptability; third, they are bulky, have low energy conversion efficiency, are inconvenient to deploy, and lack a sound overvoltage and overcurrent protection mechanism, posing certain safety hazards.

[0004] In existing technologies, some high-voltage power supply technologies attempt to optimize output performance, but none can meet the specific needs of the electrostatic discharge (ESD) field: some can achieve wide voltage output by using voltage multiplier circuits, but the output voltage polarity is singular, the control flexibility is insufficient, and the voltage multiplication mode is limited, making it impossible to provide the positive and negative square wave high voltage required for ESD; some can achieve bidirectional voltage conversion, but the output is a sine wave with a low voltage multiplication level, and the output voltage cannot meet the high voltage requirements for ESD, and the efficiency is low, making it impossible to provide a stable and reliable square wave high voltage; others, although equipped with positive and negative voltage multiplier rectifier groups to achieve a single high voltage output, have an unadjustable output voltage direction and cannot generate frequency-adjustable positive and negative high voltage pulses, all of which cannot meet the periodic pulse square wave high voltage requirements for ESD.

[0005] As industrial production develops towards precision, intelligence, and diversification, the requirements for static electricity elimination in various industries are constantly increasing. There is an urgent need for a high-voltage power supply that can achieve positive and negative square wave high-voltage output, adjustable parameters, stable and efficient operation, and safety protection functions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a periodic pulsed high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static electricity elimination, in order to at least overcome one of the problems in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: A periodic pulsed high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static electricity elimination, comprising: The pulse frequency control module is used to generate square wave signals; An LLC resonant converter has a DC input voltage and an AC positive and negative square wave output voltage. The LLC resonant converter includes an LLC logic driver module and an isolation transformer module, wherein the isolation transformer module is controlled by the output signal of the LLC logic driver module. The bidirectional switch drive module takes a square wave signal output from the pulse frequency control module as its input and outputs positive and negative drive signals as its output. The bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier module, controlled by the positive and negative drive signals output by the bidirectional switching drive module, is used to generate positive and negative high voltage pulse outputs after voltage multiplication, rectification and commutation of the positive and negative square wave output voltages output by the LLC resonant converter. The output signal conditioning and protection module is used to acquire the positive and negative high voltage pulse outputs of the bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier module, and output voltage adjustment signals and overcurrent protection signals to the LLC logic drive module to form feedback.

[0008] Furthermore, the bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier module includes a single voltage multiplier basic bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier circuit, the bidirectional switching drive module includes a bidirectional switching drive circuit, the single voltage multiplier basic bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier circuit is controlled by the bidirectional switching drive circuit, and the bidirectional switching drive circuit is controlled by the pulse frequency control module.

[0009] Furthermore, the bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier module includes multiple single-voltage basic bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier circuits, each of which is connected in series. The bidirectional switching drive circuits are configured in multiple ways corresponding to the single-voltage basic bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier circuits, and each of the bidirectional switching drive circuits is connected in parallel.

[0010] Furthermore, the single voltage doubler basic bidirectional switch voltage doubler rectifier circuit includes two bidirectional switch groups and two capacitors Cb. Each bidirectional switch group includes two switch transistors Qb, which are connected in reverse series. The bidirectional switch driving circuit is set in one-to-one correspondence with the bidirectional switch groups, and each bidirectional switch group is controlled by the corresponding bidirectional switch driving circuit. One end of one of the capacitors Cb is the input terminal for receiving the positive and negative square wave output voltages of the LLC resonant converter, and the other end is connected to the input terminals of the two bidirectional switching transistor groups respectively. The output terminals of the two bidirectional switching transistor groups are connected in series through another capacitor Cb, and one end of the capacitor Cb located between the two bidirectional switching transistor groups is the output terminal of the single voltage doubler basic bidirectional switching voltage doubler rectifier circuit.

[0011] Furthermore, a diode Db is connected in parallel across each of the aforementioned switching transistors Qb. Alternatively, the bidirectional switch group may employ a single bidirectional switch.

[0012] Furthermore, the bidirectional switch drive circuit includes a DC blocking capacitor CT and an isolation drive transformer Tb. One end of the DC blocking capacitor CT is the input terminal, and the other end is electrically connected to the primary coil of the isolation drive transformer Tb. The secondary coil of the isolation drive transformer Tb is the output terminal of the bidirectional switch drive circuit.

[0013] Furthermore, the bidirectional switch drive circuit also includes a current-limiting resistor Rq, a push-pull switch group, and a current-limiting resistor RL. The input terminal of the push-pull switch group is connected in series with one end of the current-limiting resistor Rq. The other end of the current-limiting resistor Rq is an input terminal for receiving the square wave signal output by the pulse frequency control module. One end of the current-limiting resistor RL is connected to the power supply VDD, and the other end is grounded through the push-pull switch group. The output terminal of the push-pull switch group is electrically connected to the primary coil of the isolation drive transformer Tb through the DC blocking capacitor CT.

[0014] Furthermore, the LLC logic drive module includes an LLC logic controller, switching transistors Q1 and Q2, and an input capacitor C2; one end of the input capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the DC voltage signal line, and the other end is grounded; the gates of both switching transistors Q1 and Q2 are electrically connected to the output terminal of the LLC logic controller; the drain of switching transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the DC voltage signal line; the source of switching transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the drain of switching transistor Q2; and the source of switching transistor Q2 is grounded; wherein, the LLC logic controller... The controller receives the output voltage adjustment signal and the overcurrent protection signal, and controls the switching transistors Q1 and Q2 to conduct alternately according to the output voltage adjustment signal and the overcurrent protection signal; the isolation transformer module includes a capacitor C1, an inductor L1, and an isolation transformer T1; one end of the capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the source of the switching transistor Q1 or the drain of the switching transistor Q2, and the other end is electrically connected to the primary coil of the isolation transformer T1 through the inductor L1; the secondary coil of the isolation transformer T1 is the output terminal of the LLC resonant converter; Alternatively, the LLC logic drive module includes an LLC logic controller, switching transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4, and an input capacitor C2; one end of the input capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the DC voltage signal line, and the other end is grounded; the gates of switching transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 are all electrically connected to the output terminal of the LLC logic controller; the drains of switching transistors Q1 and Q3 are both electrically connected to the DC voltage signal line; the source of switching transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the drain of switching transistor Q2, and the source of switching transistor Q2 is grounded; the source of switching transistor Q3 is electrically connected to the drain of switching transistor Q4, and the source of switching transistor Q4 is grounded. Ground; wherein, the LLC logic controller receives the output voltage adjustment signal and the overcurrent protection signal, and controls the switching transistors Q1 and Q4 to be turned on simultaneously, and the switching transistors Q2 and Q3 to be turned on simultaneously according to the output voltage adjustment signal and the overcurrent protection signal; the isolation transformer module includes a capacitor C1, an inductor L1, and an isolation transformer T1; one end of the capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the source of the switching transistor Q1 or the drain of the switching transistor Q2, and the other end is electrically connected to the inductor L1; one end of the primary coil of the isolation transformer T1 is electrically connected to the inductor L1, and the other end is electrically connected to the drain of the switching transistor Q4; the secondary coil of the isolation transformer T1 is the output terminal of the LLC resonant converter.

[0015] Furthermore, the pulse frequency control module includes a current-limiting resistor Rop2, an optocoupler Uop1, a voltage follower, and a push-pull circuit. The current-limiting resistor Rop2, the optocoupler Uop1, the voltage follower, and the push-pull circuit are connected in series. The current-limiting resistor Rop2 receives the pulse frequency control signal, and the output terminal of the push-pull circuit is the output terminal of the pulse frequency control module.

[0016] Furthermore, the output signal conditioning and protection module includes resistors Rout1, Rout2, Rsense, Rload, a current protection circuit, and an output voltage adjustment circuit. One end of resistor Rout1 is an input terminal for receiving the positive and negative high-voltage pulse outputs, and the other end is an output terminal. One end of resistor Rout2 is connected to the output terminal of resistor Rout1, and the other end is grounded. One end of resistor Rload is an input terminal for receiving the positive and negative high-voltage pulse outputs, and the other end is an output terminal. One end of resistor Rsense is connected to the output terminal of resistor Rload, and the other end is grounded. The output signal conditioning and protection module also includes an absolute value circuit. Two absolute value circuits are provided. The input terminal of one absolute value circuit is connected to the output terminal of the resistor Rload, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the current protection circuit. The output terminal of the current protection circuit is used to output an overcurrent protection signal. The input terminal of the other absolute value circuit is connected to the output terminal of the resistor Rout1, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the output voltage adjustment circuit. The output terminal of the output voltage adjustment circuit is used to output a voltage adjustment signal. Alternatively, the output signal conditioning and protection module may further include an absolute value circuit and a precision rectifier circuit; the input terminal of the precision rectifier circuit is connected to the output terminal of the resistor Rload, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the current protection circuit, the output terminal of the current protection circuit being used to output an overcurrent protection signal; the input terminal of the absolute value circuit is connected to the output terminal of the resistor Rout1, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the output voltage adjustment circuit, the output terminal of the output voltage adjustment circuit being used to output a voltage adjustment signal.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination described in this invention has the following advantages: (1) The periodic pulse high voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination described in this invention achieves dual innovation in topology and control strategy in the field of high voltage switching power supply through the organic combination of LLC resonant converter, voltage multiplier rectifier module, bidirectional switching transistor group, pulse frequency control and closed-loop feedback regulation. It has multiple advantages such as high efficiency, high controllability, high stability and high safety.

[0018] (2) The periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for electrostatic elimination described in this invention can significantly improve power conversion efficiency and is suitable for high-voltage, high-power scenarios. By using an LLC resonant converter as the core front-end conversion unit, it can achieve zero-voltage turn-on (ZVS) and zero-current turn-off (ZCS) of the switching transistors over a wide load range, greatly reducing switching and conduction losses. Compared with traditional hard-switching circuits, the overall energy conversion efficiency is significantly improved, with less heat generation and stronger reliability. Combined with a multi-stage voltage multiplier rectifier structure, it can achieve high-amplitude positive and negative high-voltage output with a lower primary voltage and a smaller transformer turns ratio, effectively reducing the difficulty of transformer design and increasing power density. It is particularly suitable for applications requiring high voltage and small size.

[0019] (3) The periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination described in this invention can achieve adjustable frequency and controllable polarity positive and negative high-voltage pulse output. By introducing a bidirectional switching transistor group and a dedicated pulse frequency control circuit, the rectification direction and operating frequency of the voltage multiplier rectifier stage can be flexibly modulated, breaking the limitation of traditional high-voltage power supplies that can only output fixed polarity and fixed frequency DC high voltage. At the same time, the output pulse frequency can be adjusted in real time by an external control signal, and the alternation sequence of positive and negative pulses is precisely controlled by complementary bidirectional switching transistors, which can meet the special requirements of loads for variable frequency, alternating positive and negative pulses, and pulsed high voltage, thus broadening the application scenarios and adaptability range of the power supply. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of a periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination described in this invention. Figure 3 This is a diagram of a single-voltage basic bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier circuit in a periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination, as described in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of the periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination described in this invention. Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of the bidirectional switch group in a periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of the bidirectional switch group in a periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination described in this invention. Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of the bidirectional switch group in a periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination described in this invention. Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of the bidirectional switch group in a periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination described in this invention. Figure 9 This is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of the bidirectional switch group in a periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination described in this invention. Figure 10This is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of an LLC resonant converter in a periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is an absolute value circuit diagram of a periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a diagram of a precision rectifier circuit in a periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination, as described in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the input and output waveforms of the output signal conditioning and protection module in a periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the current and voltage waveforms of an LLC resonant converter in a periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination, as described in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0022] This embodiment provides a periodic pulsed high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static electricity elimination, such as... Figures 1 to 14 As shown, it includes: The pulse frequency control module is used to generate square wave signals.

[0023] An LLC resonant converter takes a DC voltage as input and outputs a positive and negative square wave AC voltage. The LLC resonant converter includes an LLC logic driver module and an isolation transformer module, with the isolation transformer module controlled by the output signal of the LLC logic driver module.

[0024] The bidirectional switch driver module takes a square wave signal from the pulse frequency control module as input and outputs positive and negative drive signals.

[0025] The bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier module, controlled by the positive and negative drive signals output by the bidirectional switching drive module, is used to double and rectify the positive and negative square wave output voltages of the LLC resonant converter to generate positive and negative high voltage pulse outputs.

[0026] The output signal conditioning and protection module is used to acquire the positive and negative high voltage pulse output from the bidirectional switching voltage doubler rectifier module, and output voltage adjustment signals and overcurrent protection signals to provide feedback to the LLC logic drive module.

[0027] In practical applications, this circuit converts the input DC voltage into AC positive and negative square wave output voltages through an LLC resonant converter composed of an LLC logic drive module and an isolation transformer module. The pulse frequency control module sends a square wave signal to provide a drive signal for the bidirectional switch drive module. The bidirectional switch drive module generates positive and negative drive signals to drive the bidirectional switch voltage doubler rectifier module. The bidirectional switch voltage doubler rectifier module doubles and rectifies the positive and negative square wave output voltages from the LLC resonant converter, generates positive and negative high-voltage pulse outputs. These high-voltage pulses are fed back to the LLC logic drive module by the output signal conditioning and protection module, which provides voltage adjustment signals and overcurrent protection signals to ensure the correctness of the output voltage and protect against overpower output.

[0028] The circuit provided in this embodiment achieves positive and negative high-voltage pulse output through six functional modules: a pulse frequency control module, an LLC logic drive module, an isolation transformer module, a bidirectional switch voltage multiplier rectifier module, a bidirectional switch drive module, and an output signal conditioning and protection module. The frequency of the positive and negative high-voltage pulse output can be adjusted through the pulse frequency control module and the bidirectional switch drive module. The isolation transformer module isolates the low-voltage input part from the high-voltage output pulse part, which can better play the role of insulation protection. The LLC resonant converter composed of the LLC logic drive module and the isolation transformer module significantly improves the efficiency of the switching power supply due to its unique ZVS characteristic.

[0029] In one embodiment of this example, the bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier module includes a single voltage multiplier basic bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier circuit, and the bidirectional switching drive module includes a bidirectional switching drive circuit. The single voltage multiplier basic bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier circuit is controlled by the bidirectional switching drive circuit, and the bidirectional switching drive circuit is controlled by the pulse frequency control module.

[0030] In one embodiment of this example, the bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier module includes multiple single-voltage basic bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier circuits, each single-voltage basic bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier circuit is connected in series, and multiple bidirectional switching drive circuits are provided corresponding to the single-voltage basic bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier circuits, each bidirectional switching drive circuit is connected in parallel.

[0031] Specifically, the single voltage doubler basic bidirectional switching voltage doubler rectifier circuit includes two bidirectional switching transistor groups and two capacitors Cb. Each bidirectional switching transistor group includes two switching transistors Qb, which are connected in reverse series. The bidirectional switching drive circuit is set up one-to-one with the bidirectional switching transistor group, and each bidirectional switching transistor group is controlled by the corresponding bidirectional switching drive circuit. One end of one capacitor Cb is the input terminal for receiving the positive and negative square wave output voltage of the LLC resonant converter and performing voltage doubler rectification. The other end is connected to the input terminals of two bidirectional switching transistor groups respectively. The output terminals of the two bidirectional switching transistor groups are connected in series through another capacitor Cb. One end of the capacitor Cb located between the two bidirectional switching transistor groups is the output terminal of the single voltage doubler basic bidirectional switching voltage doubler rectifier circuit.

[0032] Optionally, the working principle of the single voltage multiplier basic bidirectional switching rectifier circuit is explained: When switching transistors Qb1 and Qb3 are turned on simultaneously, a voltage is formed across capacitor Cb2 with the left side positive and the right side negative. At this time, the voltage multiplier circuit outputs a negative voltage. When switching transistors Qb2 and Qb4 are turned on simultaneously, a voltage is formed across capacitor Cb2 with the left side being negative and the right side being positive. At this time, the voltage multiplier circuit outputs a positive voltage. When switching transistors Qb1 and Qb3 are complementary to switching transistors Qb2 and Qb4 at frequency f, a voltage with changing positive and negative values ​​is formed across capacitor Cb2. At this time, the voltage multiplier circuit outputs positive and negative pulse voltages with frequency f.

[0033] The existing diode voltage multiplier basic rectifier circuit cannot achieve the adjustment of the voltage multiplication rectification direction of the single voltage multiplier basic bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier circuit in this embodiment. The diode voltage multiplier basic rectifier circuit can only multiply voltage in one direction, which is not convenient for adjusting the output positive and negative periodic pulse square wave high voltage.

[0034] Optionally, taking two single-voltage basic bidirectional switching rectifier circuits as an example, compared with the traditional transformer method, the circuit and waveform of a 5KV 10Hz pulse high voltage output can be obtained by connecting two sets of single-voltage basic bidirectional switching rectifier circuits in series.

[0035] Optionally, taking a bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier module comprising multiple single-voltage basic bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier circuits as an example, switching transistors Qb1 and Qb2 form a group of basic bidirectional switching transistors. In this embodiment, there are 2n groups of basic bidirectional switching transistors. Capacitors Cb1, Cb2...Cb2n-1, Cb2n and switching transistors Qb1, Qb2...Qb4n-1, Qb4n together form multiple single-voltage basic bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier circuits.

[0036] Optionally, a diode Db is connected in parallel across each switching transistor Qb. By connecting an external diode Db in parallel across the switching transistor Qb, the external diode Db offers superior switching speed, reverse recovery time, and reverse recovery loss. Optionally, the bidirectional switching transistor group uses a monolithic bidirectional switch. Another implementation of the bidirectional switching group is a bidirectional switch packaged together using integrated circuit technology, such as Infineon's IGLT65R110B2, which is beneficial for device integration and miniaturization.

[0037] In practical applications, for high-voltage switching power supply circuits, the circuit provided in this embodiment utilizes an LLC resonant converter, a single-voltage basic bidirectional switching rectifier circuit, a bidirectional switching transistor group, a pulse frequency control signal, and an output voltage adjustment module to enable the high-voltage switching power supply circuit to achieve high-efficiency, periodically adjustable positive and negative high-voltage pulse output.

[0038] In one embodiment of this invention, the bidirectional switch drive circuit includes a DC blocking capacitor CT and an isolation drive transformer Tb. One end of the DC blocking capacitor CT is the input terminal, and the other end is electrically connected to the primary coil of the isolation drive transformer Tb. The secondary coil of the isolation drive transformer Tb is the output terminal of the bidirectional switch drive circuit.

[0039] Specifically, the bidirectional switch drive circuit also includes a current-limiting resistor Rq, a push-pull switch group, and a current-limiting resistor RL. The input terminal of the push-pull switch group is connected in series with one end of the current-limiting resistor Rq. The other end of the current-limiting resistor Rq is the input terminal for receiving the square wave signal output by the pulse frequency control module. One end of the current-limiting resistor RL is connected to the power supply VDD, and the other end is grounded through the push-pull switch group. The output terminal of the push-pull switch group is electrically connected to the primary coil of the isolation drive transformer Tb through the DC blocking capacitor CT.

[0040] The bidirectional switch drive circuit consists of a current-limiting resistor Rq2n, push-pull switch transistors Qq4n-1 and Qq4n, a current-limiting resistor RL2n, a DC blocking capacitor CT2n, and an isolation drive transformer Tb2n.

[0041] In practical applications, this circuit can be composed of multiple bidirectional switch group drive circuits and single voltage doubler basic bidirectional switch voltage doubler rectifier circuits, depending on the actual voltage doubler output requirement. This modular structure increases the flexibility and reliability of circuit design.

[0042] In one embodiment of this example, the LLC logic drive module includes an LLC logic controller, switching transistors Q1 and Q2, and an input capacitor C2. One end of the input capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the DC voltage signal line, and the other end is grounded. The gates of both switching transistors Q1 and Q2 are electrically connected to the output terminal of the LLC logic controller. The drain of switching transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the DC voltage signal line, and the source of switching transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the drain of switching transistor Q2. The source of switching transistor Q2 is grounded. The LLC logic controller receives an output voltage adjustment signal and an overcurrent protection signal, and controls switching transistors Q1 and Q2 to conduct alternately according to the output voltage adjustment signal and the overcurrent protection signal. The isolation transformer module includes a capacitor C1, an inductor L1, and an isolation transformer T1. One end of capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the source of switching transistor Q1 or the drain of switching transistor Q2, and the other end is electrically connected to the primary coil of isolation transformer T1 through inductor L1. The secondary coil of isolation transformer T1 is the output terminal of the LLC resonant converter.

[0043] For example, the LLC logic controller can be a power control IC such as L6599, UCC25600, TEA2017, etc., or a digital logic controller such as STM32G474, TMS320F28335, etc.

[0044] It should be noted that capacitor C1, inductor L1, and primary inductance Lm of isolation transformer T1 constitute the LLC resonant converter section. Inductor L1 can be an independent inductor or the leakage inductance of isolation transformer T1.

[0045] In practical applications, switching transistors Q1 and Q2 form an LLC half-bridge switching converter structure. Another embodiment, a full-bridge switching converter structure, can also be applied to this circuit. The full-bridge converter structure is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, switches Q1 and Q4 are turned on simultaneously, and switches Q2 and Q3 are turned on simultaneously. Switches Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 form a full-bridge converter structure.

[0046] When using a full-bridge converter structure, the LLC logic driver module includes an LLC logic controller, switches Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, and an input capacitor C2. One end of the input capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the DC voltage signal line, and the other end is grounded. The gates of switches Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 are all electrically connected to the output of the LLC logic controller. The drains of switches Q1 and Q3 are both electrically connected to the DC voltage signal line. The source of switch Q1 is electrically connected to the drain of switch Q2, and the source of switch Q2 is grounded. The source of switch Q3 is electrically connected to the drain of switch Q4. 4. The source of the circuit is grounded. The LLC logic controller receives the output voltage adjustment signal and the overcurrent protection signal, and controls the switching transistors Q1 and Q4 to conduct simultaneously, and the switching transistors Q2 and Q3 to conduct simultaneously, according to the output voltage adjustment signal and the overcurrent protection signal. The isolation transformer module includes a capacitor C1, an inductor L1, and an isolation transformer T1. One end of the capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the source of the switching transistor Q1 or the drain of the switching transistor Q2, and the other end is electrically connected to the inductor L1. One end of the primary coil of the isolation transformer T1 is electrically connected to the inductor L1, and the other end is electrically connected to the drain of the switching transistor Q4. The secondary coil of the isolation transformer T1 is the output terminal of the LLC resonant converter.

[0047] In one embodiment of this example, the pulse frequency control module includes a current-limiting resistor Rop2, an optocoupler Uop1, a voltage follower, and a push-pull circuit. The current-limiting resistor Rop2, the optocoupler Uop1, the voltage follower, and the push-pull circuit are connected in series. The current-limiting resistor Rop2 receives the pulse frequency control signal, and the output terminal of the push-pull circuit is the output terminal of the pulse frequency control module.

[0048] Specifically, the current-limiting resistor Rop2, the isolation optocoupler Uop1, the current-limiting resistor Rop1, and the operational amplifier U1 constitute the receiving circuit for the pulse frequency control signal. After impedance transformation, the pulse signal is output through the voltage follower operational amplifier U1 to drive the bidirectional switch group driving circuit, and outputs a periodic pulse high voltage with controllable pulse frequency at the power output terminal.

[0049] This high-voltage switching power supply circuit boasts advantages such as reliable drive and control logic, stable signal transmission, and strong anti-interference capabilities. The pulse control signal undergoes optocoupler isolation, voltage follower impedance matching, and push-pull circuit power amplification before driving the bidirectional switching transistor through an isolation drive transformer and DC blocking capacitor. This forms a multi-stage isolated, high-drive control link, ensuring electrical isolation between the control signal and the high-voltage main circuit, enhancing system safety, while also providing sufficient drive capability to ensure rapid and reliable operation of the high-power switching transistor. The multi-stage isolation design effectively suppresses interference from the high-voltage side to the low-voltage control signal, improving the circuit's operational stability in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0050] In one embodiment of this example, the output signal conditioning and protection module includes resistors Rout1, Rout2, Rsense, Rload, a current protection circuit, and an output voltage adjustment circuit. One end of resistor Rout1 is an input terminal for receiving positive and negative high-voltage pulse outputs, and the other end is an output terminal. One end of resistor Rout2 is connected to the output terminal of resistor Rout1, and the other end is grounded. One end of resistor Rload is an input terminal for receiving positive and negative high-voltage pulse outputs, and the other end is an output terminal. One end of resistor Rsense is connected to the output terminal of resistor Rload, and the other end is grounded.

[0051] This high-voltage switching power supply circuit features complete output sampling and closed-loop regulation, achieving high output accuracy. Through the integrated design of dual closed-loop sampling and conditioning circuits for output voltage and current, it addresses the characteristics of polarity fluctuations and weak amplitudes in positive and negative high-voltage pulse signals. The signal conditioning module uniformly converts these signals into positive polarity and appropriate amplitude detection signals, which are then separately regulated for voltage closed-loop regulation and overcurrent protection. The voltage loop, through error calculation and frequency compensation networks, outputs a stable feedback signal to the LLC controller, achieving high-precision closed-loop voltage regulation with good waveform consistency, low ripple, and high accuracy. The current loop monitors the load current in real time, providing accurate data for subsequent protection.

[0052] In practical applications, this high-voltage switching power supply circuit possesses a comprehensive protection mechanism, ensuring safe and reliable system operation. When abnormal conditions such as short circuits or overcurrents occur in the load, the current sampling signal can quickly trigger the comparator to operate, feeding back to the LLC logic controller through optocoupler isolation. This instantly shuts down the upstream main switch, cutting off the energy transmission path and achieving rapid overcurrent protection. This effectively prevents power devices, transformers, and load equipment from burning out due to overcurrent. Simultaneously, the voltage closed-loop and soft-switching characteristics inherently provide a certain degree of overload and disturbance rejection capability. The combination of multiple protections and stable control significantly improves the safety, stability, and service life of the power supply under long-term continuous operation and complex working conditions.

[0053] Optionally, the output signal conditioning and protection module also includes an absolute value circuit. Two absolute value circuits are provided. The input terminal of one absolute value circuit is connected to the output terminal of the resistor Rload, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the current protection circuit. The output terminal of the current protection circuit is used to output an overcurrent protection signal. The input terminal of the other absolute value circuit is connected to the output terminal of the resistor Rout1, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the output voltage adjustment circuit. The output terminal of the output voltage adjustment circuit is used to output a voltage adjustment signal.

[0054] In practical applications, the output signal conditioning and protection module performs absolute value calculation and peak detection on the output voltage signal Vout sampled by resistors Rout1 and Rout2 and the output current signal VIsense sampled by resistor Rsense, outputting processed signals Vout1 and VIsense1. Operational amplifiers U1 and U2, along with surrounding resistors and capacitors, form an absolute value circuit that converts the positive and negative Vout signals into a positive Vout1 signal output. Operational amplifier U3, along with surrounding resistors and diodes, forms a precision rectifier circuit that converts the positive and negative VIsense signals into a positive VIsense1 signal output.

[0055] Alternatively, in another implementation, the VIsense signal can also be processed using an absolute value circuit.

[0056] For example, the output signal conditioning and protection module also includes an absolute value circuit and a precision rectifier circuit; the input terminal of the precision rectifier circuit is connected to the output terminal of the resistor Rload, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the current protection circuit, the output terminal of the current protection circuit is used to output an overcurrent protection signal; the input terminal of the absolute value circuit is connected to the output terminal of the resistor Rout1, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the output voltage adjustment circuit, the output terminal of the output voltage adjustment circuit is used to output a voltage adjustment signal.

[0057] After processing by the output signal conditioning and protection module, the input low-frequency pulse positive and negative signals Vout and VIsense carrying high-frequency small signals are both conditioned into positive outputs Vout1 and VIsense1 carrying high-frequency small signals.

[0058] The current signal VIsense1 enters the overcurrent protection circuit composed of comparator U1B, current limiting resistor Rocp, and optocoupler Uop2. When the current signal VIsense1 is greater than the reference signal Vrefocp, the overcurrent protection circuit feedback signal Iocp is given to the LLC logic controller, causing the logic controller to turn off the switching transistors Q1 and Q2 and shut down the output voltage.

[0059] The voltage signal Vout1 enters the output voltage adjustment circuit, which consists of operational amplifier U2B, a feedback network (composed of resistors RFb, capacitors CFb1 and CFb2), current-limiting resistor Rout, and optocoupler Uop3. This circuit outputs an adjustment signal FB to the LLC logic controller, maintaining the output voltage at the level determined by the following formula: ; Optical couplers Uop1, Uop2, Uop3 and isolation transformer T1 form the isolation channel between the primary and secondary sides.

[0060] In an optional embodiment, all the switching transistors in this high-voltage switching power supply circuit can be NMOS transistors, PMOS transistors, NPN transistors, PNP transistors, IGBTs, etc.

[0061] The working principle of this high-voltage switching power supply circuit is as follows: The DC input voltage is filtered by input capacitor C2 and then input to switching transistors Q1 and Q2 controlled by the LLC logic controller. The DC voltage is converted into an AC square wave voltage by the alternating conduction of switching transistors Q1 and Q2. The square wave voltage is then transformed by the LLC resonant converter composed of capacitor C1, inductor L1 and transformer T1, and the output voltage after boosting and transformation is output from the secondary side of isolation transformer T1. This voltage is then converted into a voltage multiplier rectifier module by capacitors Cb1, Cb3...Cb2n-1, Cb2, Cb4...Cb2n and bidirectional switching transistors Qb1, Qb2...Qb4n-1, Qb4n, and output as a high voltage voltage.

[0062] The pulse frequency control signal, after being isolated by optocoupler Uop1, is output to a voltage follower composed of operational amplifier U1. The voltage follower satisfies the requirements of high input impedance and low output impedance, increasing the driving capability of subsequent circuits. The control signal is input from the voltage follower to a push-pull circuit composed of switching transistors Qq1, Qq2…Qq4n-1, Qq4n. The push-pull circuit drives DC blocking capacitors CT1, CT2…CT2n-1, CT2n and isolation drive transformers Tb1, Tb2…Tb2n-1, Tb2… The switching transistor drive circuit composed of n transistors drives the bidirectional switching transistor groups Qb1 and Qb2, Qb3 and Qb4...Qb4n-1 and Qb4n. The switching transistors in the bidirectional switching groups are complementaryly turned on under the control of the pulse frequency control signal and the drive circuit. They rectify and modulate the square wave voltage output from the secondary winding of the isolation transformer T1, which enters capacitors Cb1, Cb3...Cb2n-1, Cb2, Cb4...Cb2n, thereby outputting a variable frequency positive and negative pulse high voltage at the output terminal.

[0063] The positive and negative high-voltage pulses are filtered by an RC filter circuit composed of resistor RF1 and capacitor CF1 to remove high-frequency components. Resistor Rload is the equivalent external impedance. Resistor Rsense is used to sample the loop current to generate the current signal VIsense. Resistors Rout1 and Rout2 form the output voltage sampling circuit to generate the sampled voltage signal Vout. Because the current signal VIsense and the voltage signal Vout have positive and negative polarities and are relatively weak, they are not easily used directly. Therefore, the current signal VIsense and the voltage signal Vout first enter the signal conditioning module to be conditioned into positive polarity signals and appropriately amplified. After conditioning by the signal conditioning module, the current signal VIsense1 and the voltage signal Vout1 are output. The VIsense1 signal enters comparator U1B and is compared with the reference signal Vrefocp. When VIsense1 is greater than Vrefocp, it indicates an output overcurrent. U1B outputs a high level to drive optocoupler Uop2 to conduct. Uop2 outputs an overcurrent signal Iocp to the LLC logic controller, which turns off switching transistors Q1 and Q2, thereby protecting the output device. The voltage signal Vout1 enters operational amplifier U2B and is calculated with the reference signal Vrefout. Resistor RFb, capacitor CFb1, and capacitor CFb2 form the frequency compensation of the operational amplifier. Operational amplifier U2B controls optocoupler Uop3 to output an adjustment signal FB to the LLC logic controller, thereby providing precise feedback control of the output voltage and making the positive and negative pulse high voltage output more accurate.

[0064] This high-voltage switching power supply circuit has achieved significant optimizations in efficiency, output flexibility, control precision, and safety and reliability. It can be widely used in fields that require adjustable frequency, alternating positive and negative, high precision, and high efficiency high-voltage pulse power supplies, such as electrostatic dust removal, material modification, medical high voltage, and experimental testing. It has strong engineering practical value and promotion prospects.

[0065] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, the scope of which is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A periodic pulsed high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static electricity elimination, characterized in that, include: The pulse frequency control module is used to generate square wave signals; An LLC resonant converter has a DC input voltage and an AC positive and negative square wave output voltage. The LLC resonant converter includes an LLC logic driver module and an isolation transformer module, wherein the isolation transformer module is controlled by the output signal of the LLC logic driver module. The bidirectional switch drive module takes a square wave signal output from the pulse frequency control module as its input and outputs positive and negative drive signals as its output. The bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier module, controlled by the positive and negative drive signals output by the bidirectional switching drive module, is used to generate positive and negative high voltage pulse outputs after voltage multiplication, rectification and commutation of the positive and negative square wave output voltages output by the LLC resonant converter. The output signal conditioning and protection module is used to acquire the positive and negative high voltage pulse outputs of the bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier module, and output voltage adjustment signals and overcurrent protection signals to the LLC logic drive module to form feedback.

2. The periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier module includes a single-voltage basic bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier circuit, and the bidirectional switching drive module includes a bidirectional switching drive circuit. The single-voltage basic bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier circuit is controlled by the bidirectional switching drive circuit, and the bidirectional switching drive circuit is controlled by the pulse frequency control module.

3. The periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier module includes multiple single-voltage basic bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier circuits, each of which is connected in series. The bidirectional switching drive circuits are provided in multiple ways corresponding to the single-voltage basic bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier circuits, and each of the bidirectional switching drive circuits is connected in parallel.

4. A periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The single-voltage basic bidirectional switching voltage multiplier rectifier circuit includes two bidirectional switching transistor groups and two capacitors Cb. Each bidirectional switching transistor group includes two switching transistors Qb, which are connected in reverse series. The bidirectional switching drive circuit is configured in one-to-one correspondence with the bidirectional switching transistor groups, and each bidirectional switching transistor group is controlled by the corresponding bidirectional switching drive circuit. One end of one of the capacitors Cb is the input terminal for receiving the positive and negative square wave output voltages of the LLC resonant converter, and the other end is connected to the input terminals of the two bidirectional switching transistor groups respectively. The output terminals of the two bidirectional switching transistor groups are connected in series through another capacitor Cb, and one end of the capacitor Cb located between the two bidirectional switching transistor groups is the output terminal of the single voltage doubler basic bidirectional switching voltage doubler rectifier circuit.

5. The periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination according to claim 4, characterized in that: A diode Db is connected in parallel across each of the aforementioned switching transistors Qb. Alternatively, the bidirectional switch group may employ a single bidirectional switch.

6. A periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The bidirectional switch drive circuit includes a DC blocking capacitor CT and an isolation drive transformer Tb. One end of the DC blocking capacitor CT is the input terminal, and the other end is electrically connected to the primary coil of the isolation drive transformer Tb. The secondary coil of the isolation drive transformer Tb is the output terminal of the bidirectional switch drive circuit.

7. The periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bidirectional switch drive circuit further includes a current-limiting resistor Rq, a push-pull switch group, and a current-limiting resistor RL. The input terminal of the push-pull switch group is connected in series with one end of the current-limiting resistor Rq. The other end of the current-limiting resistor Rq is an input terminal for receiving the square wave signal output by the pulse frequency control module. One end of the current-limiting resistor RL is connected to the power supply VDD, and the other end is grounded through the push-pull switch group. The output terminal of the push-pull switch group is electrically connected to the primary coil of the isolation drive transformer Tb through the DC blocking capacitor CT.

8. The periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The LLC logic driver module includes an LLC logic controller, switching transistors Q1 and Q2, and an input capacitor C2. One end of the input capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the DC voltage signal line, and the other end is grounded. The gates of both switching transistors Q1 and Q2 are electrically connected to the output terminal of the LLC logic controller. The drain of switching transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the DC voltage signal line, and the source of switching transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the drain of switching transistor Q2. The source of switching transistor Q2 is grounded. The LLC logic controller... The system receives the output voltage adjustment signal and the overcurrent protection signal, and controls the switching transistors Q1 and Q2 to conduct alternately according to the output voltage adjustment signal and the overcurrent protection signal; the isolation transformer module includes a capacitor C1, an inductor L1, and an isolation transformer T1; one end of the capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the source of the switching transistor Q1 or the drain of the switching transistor Q2, and the other end is electrically connected to the primary coil of the isolation transformer T1 through the inductor L1; the secondary coil of the isolation transformer T1 is the output terminal of the LLC resonant converter. Alternatively, the LLC logic drive module includes an LLC logic controller, switching transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4, and an input capacitor C2; one end of the input capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the DC voltage signal line, and the other end is grounded; the gates of switching transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 are all electrically connected to the output terminal of the LLC logic controller; the drains of switching transistors Q1 and Q3 are both electrically connected to the DC voltage signal line; the source of switching transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the drain of switching transistor Q2, and the source of switching transistor Q2 is grounded; the source of switching transistor Q3 is electrically connected to the drain of switching transistor Q4, and the source of switching transistor Q4 is grounded. Ground; wherein, the LLC logic controller receives the output voltage adjustment signal and the overcurrent protection signal, and controls the switching transistors Q1 and Q4 to be turned on simultaneously, and the switching transistors Q2 and Q3 to be turned on simultaneously according to the output voltage adjustment signal and the overcurrent protection signal; the isolation transformer module includes a capacitor C1, an inductor L1, and an isolation transformer T1; one end of the capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the source of the switching transistor Q1 or the drain of the switching transistor Q2, and the other end is electrically connected to the inductor L1; one end of the primary coil of the isolation transformer T1 is electrically connected to the inductor L1, and the other end is electrically connected to the drain of the switching transistor Q4; the secondary coil of the isolation transformer T1 is the output terminal of the LLC resonant converter.

9. The periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulse frequency control module includes a current-limiting resistor Rop2, an optocoupler Uop1, a voltage follower, and a push-pull circuit. The current-limiting resistor Rop2, the optocoupler Uop1, the voltage follower, and the push-pull circuit are connected in series. The current-limiting resistor Rop2 receives the pulse frequency control signal, and the output terminal of the push-pull circuit is the output terminal of the pulse frequency control module.

10. A periodic pulse high-voltage switching power supply circuit for static elimination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output signal conditioning and protection module includes resistors Rout1, Rout2, Rsense, Rload, a current protection circuit, and an output voltage adjustment circuit. One end of resistor Rout1 is an input terminal for receiving the positive and negative high-voltage pulse outputs, and the other end is an output terminal. One end of resistor Rout2 is connected to the output terminal of resistor Rout1, and the other end is grounded. One end of resistor Rload is an input terminal for receiving the positive and negative high-voltage pulse outputs, and the other end is an output terminal. One end of resistor Rsense is connected to the output terminal of resistor Rload, and the other end is grounded. The output signal conditioning and protection module also includes an absolute value circuit. Two absolute value circuits are provided. The input terminal of one absolute value circuit is connected to the output terminal of the resistor Rload, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the current protection circuit. The output terminal of the current protection circuit is used to output an overcurrent protection signal. The input terminal of the other absolute value circuit is connected to the output terminal of the resistor Rout1, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the output voltage adjustment circuit. The output terminal of the output voltage adjustment circuit is used to output a voltage adjustment signal. Alternatively, the output signal conditioning and protection module may further include an absolute value circuit and a precision rectifier circuit; the input terminal of the precision rectifier circuit is connected to the output terminal of the resistor Rload, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the current protection circuit, the output terminal of the current protection circuit being used to output an overcurrent protection signal; the input terminal of the absolute value circuit is connected to the output terminal of the resistor Rout1, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the output voltage adjustment circuit, the output terminal of the output voltage adjustment circuit being used to output a voltage adjustment signal.

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