Transmission frame sending method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a transmission frame sending method and equipment, which can enable a receiving end to acquire the service data volume in a PON system transmission frame in real time when an fgOTN service is transmitted in a PON system, thereby ensuring the reliability of service transmission and further achieving the purpose of improving the system performance. The method comprises the steps that a current transmission frame is sent, the current transmission frame comprises a first data volume accumulation indication overhead, the first data volume accumulation indication overhead indicates a first accumulation value of effective data volume borne by N transmission frames, the N transmission frames comprise transmission frames sent before the current transmission frame, and N is an integer larger than or equal to 0.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical communication technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for transmitting transmission frames. Background Technology

[0002] Passive optical network (PON) is a fiber optic access technology that uses passive optical splitters to share optical signals among multiple users. PON systems offer advantages such as high bandwidth, low latency, and low maintenance costs, and are widely used in broadband access scenarios. With technological advancements and the surge in data traffic, fine-grained optical transport networks (fgOTNs) are gradually being integrated into PONs to support various service types, including video, voice, and data transmission.

[0003] Currently, when transmitting fgOTN services in a PON system, it is impossible to obtain the amount of service data transmitted in the system in real time. Therefore, when the service is interrupted, it is impossible to determine whether it is caused by the loss of service data, resulting in low system reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method and apparatus for transmitting transmission frames, which enables the receiving end to obtain the amount of service data in the transmission frame of the PON system in real time when fgOTN services are transmitted in the PON system, thereby ensuring the reliability of service transmission and improving system performance.

[0005] Firstly, a method for transmitting a transmission frame is provided. This method can be executed by a transmitting device or by a component of the transmitting device (such as a chip or chip system), and this application does not limit the scope of the method. The method includes: transmitting a current transmission frame, wherein the current transmission frame includes a first data volume accumulation indication overhead, the first data volume accumulation indication overhead indicating a first accumulation value of the effective data volume carried by N transmission frames, wherein the N transmission frames include transmission frames transmitted before the current transmission frame, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

[0006] Secondly, a method for transmitting a transmission frame is provided. This method can be executed by a receiving device or by a component of the receiving device (such as a chip or chip system), and this application does not limit the scope of the method. The method includes: receiving a current transmission frame, wherein the current transmission frame includes a first data volume accumulation indication overhead, the first data volume accumulation indication overhead indicating a first accumulation value of the effective data volume carried by N transmission frames, wherein the N transmission frames include transmission frames received before the current transmission frame, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

[0007] In the above technical solution, by using the data volume accumulation indication overhead in the transmission frame, it is possible to obtain the accumulated value of the effective data volume carried by one or more transmission frames, which helps to determine the integrity of system business data transmission in packet loss scenarios, thereby improving the stability of the system.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the N transmission frames are N transmission frames sent before the current transmission frame, the first accumulated value is the sum of the second accumulated value of the second data volume accumulation indication overhead included in the first transmission frame and the effective data volume carried by the first transmission frame, and the first transmission frame is the previous transmission frame adjacent to the current transmission frame; or, the N transmission frames are (N-1) transmission frames sent before the current transmission frame and the current transmission frame, the first accumulated value is the sum of the second accumulated value of the second data volume accumulation indication overhead included in the first transmission frame and the effective data volume carried by the current transmission frame, and the first transmission frame is the previous transmission frame adjacent to the current transmission frame.

[0009] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the N transmission frames are N transmission frames received before the current transmission frame, the first accumulated value is the sum of the second accumulated value of the second data volume accumulation indication overhead included in the first transmission frame and the effective data volume carried by the first transmission frame, and the first transmission frame is the previous transmission frame adjacent to the current transmission frame; or, the N transmission frames are (N-1) transmission frames received before the current transmission frame and the current transmission frame, the first accumulated value is the sum of the second accumulated value of the second data volume accumulation indication overhead included in the first transmission frame and the effective data volume carried by the current transmission frame, and the first transmission frame is the previous transmission frame adjacent to the current transmission frame.

[0010] The above scheme makes the design of the effective data volume of N transmission frames more flexible, thereby improving the adaptability and flexibility of the network.

[0011] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations of the first or second aspect, the number of bits occupied by the first data accumulation indication overhead is 16 bits.

[0012] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations of the first or second aspect, the current transmission frame includes adjustment control overhead JCOH, the JCOH including the first data volume accumulation indication overhead.

[0013] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations of the first or second aspect, the JCOH occupies 8 bytes.

[0014] By designing JCOH to be 8 bytes, JCOH and the XGEM frame header can form a 16-byte structure. This facilitates the use of multiples of 16 bytes for mapping service data in the transmission frame, simplifying hardware implementation.

[0015] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations of the first or second aspect, the JCOH overhead further includes data volume indication overhead, which indicates the effective data volume carried by the current transmission frame.

[0016] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations of the first or second aspect, the number of bits occupied by the data volume indication overhead is 8 bits.

[0017] By designing data volume indication overhead in JCOH, the receiving device can determine the integrity of service data transmission based on the data volume accumulation indication overhead and the data volume indication overhead, thereby helping to evaluate the stability of system data transmission.

[0018] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations of the first or second aspect, the JCOH overhead further includes a frame sequence indication (SQ) overhead, which indicates the SQ of the current transmission frame.

[0019] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations of the first or second aspect, the SQ overhead occupies 8 bits.

[0020] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations of the first or second aspect, the JCOH overhead also includes verification overhead.

[0021] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations of the first or second aspect, the number of bits occupied by the verification overhead is 13 bits.

[0022] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations of the first or second aspect, the verification overhead is Header Error Check (HEC) or Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC).

[0023] By designing verification overhead, the system's error correction capability can be improved, thereby further enhancing the reliability of overhead transmission.

[0024] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations of the first or second aspect, the current transmission frame is a Passive Optical Network (PON) frame.

[0025] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations of the first or second aspect, the PON frame is a 10 Gigabit Symmetric Passive Optical Network Encapsulation Mode (XGEM) frame.

[0026] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, before sending the current transmission frame, the method further includes: mapping an optical transport network (OTN) frame to an intermediate frame; mapping the intermediate frame to the current transmission frame, wherein the effective data amount carried by the current transmission frame is the same as the effective data amount carried by the intermediate frame.

[0027] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the method further includes: demapping from the current transmission frame to obtain an intermediate frame, wherein the effective data amount carried by the current transmission frame is the effective data amount carried by the intermediate frame; and demapping from the intermediate frame to obtain an Optical Transport Network (OTN) frame.

[0028] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations of the first or second aspect, the intermediate frame is a Service Data Unit (SDU) frame.

[0029] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations of the first or second aspect, the OTN frame is a fine-grained flexible optical data unit (fgODUflex) frame.

[0030] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an apparatus for transmitting transmission frames. This apparatus is used to perform the method provided in the first aspect, or to perform the method provided in the second aspect. Specifically, the apparatus may include units and / or modules for performing the method provided in the first aspect or any of the above-described implementations of the first aspect; alternatively, the apparatus may include units and / or modules for performing the method provided in the second aspect or any of the above-described implementations of the second aspect, such as a processing module and a transceiver module.

[0031] In one implementation, the means for sending the transmission frame may include units and / or modules for performing the method provided in the first aspect or any of the above implementations of the first aspect, serving as a transmitting end device. The transceiver module may be a transceiver, or an input / output interface. The processing module may be at least one processor. Optionally, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit. Optionally, the input / output interface may be an input / output circuit.

[0032] Alternatively, the means of transmitting the transmission frame can be a chip, chip system, or circuit in the transmitting device. The transceiver module can be an input / output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin, or related circuit on the chip, chip system, or circuit. The processing module can be at least one processor, processing circuit, or logic circuit.

[0033] In another implementation, the means for sending the transmission frame may include units and / or modules for performing the methods provided in the second aspect or any of the above implementations of the second aspect, serving as a receiving device. The transceiver module may be a transceiver, or an input / output interface. The processing module may be at least one processor. Optionally, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit. Optionally, the input / output interface may be an input / output circuit.

[0034] Alternatively, the means of transmitting the transmission frame can be a chip, chip system, or circuit in the receiving device. The transceiver module can be an input / output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin, or related circuit on the chip, chip system, or circuit. The processing module can be at least one processor, processing circuit, or logic circuit.

[0035] Fourthly, a processor is provided for executing the methods provided in the above aspects.

[0036] Unless otherwise specified, or if it does not contradict its actual function or internal logic in the relevant description, the transmission and acquisition / reception operations involved in the processor can be understood as processor output and reception, input and other operations, or as transmission and reception operations performed by radio frequency circuits and antennas. This application does not limit them in this regard.

[0037] Fifthly, an optical module is provided, comprising a signal processor and an optical transmitting component. The signal processor is configured to execute the method provided in the first aspect or any of the above implementations of the first aspect. The optical transmitting component is configured to convert the current transmission frame into an optical signal and transmit the optical signal.

[0038] In a sixth aspect, an optical module is provided, comprising a signal processor and an optical receiving component. The optical receiving component is configured to: receive an optical signal and convert the optical signal into the current transmission frame; the signal processor is configured to: execute the method provided in the second aspect or any of the above implementations of the second aspect.

[0039] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this application provide a network device, the network device comprising: a processor and an input / output interface, for executing the method provided in any implementation of the first or second aspect described above, wherein the input / output interface is used to send and receive the current transmission frame, and the processor is used to process the current transmission frame.

[0040] Eighthly, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. This computer-readable storage medium stores program code for execution by a device, the program code including methods for performing any implementation of the first or second aspect described above.

[0041] A ninth aspect provides a computer program product containing instructions. When the computer program product is run on a computer or processor, it causes the computer or processor to perform the method provided by any implementation of the first or second aspect described above.

[0042] In a tenth aspect, a chip is provided. The chip includes a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor reads instructions stored in a memory through the communication interface and executes the method provided in any implementation of the first or second aspect described above.

[0043] Optionally, as one implementation, the chip also includes a memory storing computer programs or instructions, and a processor for executing the computer programs or instructions stored in the memory. When the computer programs or instructions are executed, the processor is used to perform the method provided by any of the implementations of the first or second aspect described above.

[0044] The beneficial effects of the third to tenth aspects mentioned above can be found in the descriptions of the beneficial effects in the first or second aspects, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a PON system applicable to an embodiment of this application.

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another PON system to which the embodiments of this application apply.

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a possible network device 300 applicable to an embodiment of this application.

[0048] Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a method 400 for sending a transmission frame, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0049] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of JCOH as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0050] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of JCOH provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0051] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the mapping of fgODUflex to XGEM provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0052] Figure 8 This is a schematic flowchart of a method 800 for determining a data frame header provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0053] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of XGEM transmission including two OTN frame headers, provided as an embodiment of this application.

[0054] Figure 10 This is an fgODUflex frame format applicable to the embodiments of this application.

[0055] Figure 11 This is a schematic flowchart of an alarm method 1100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0056] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a chip system 1200 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0057] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the structure of a system 13 provided in this application.

[0058] Figure 14 This is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 1400 for sending transmission frames, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0059] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a possible device for sending transmission frames, provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0060] The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0061] The following description is provided to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application.

[0062] First, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., and various numerical designations used in the textual descriptions or drawings of the embodiments of this application shown below are merely distinctions for ease of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. For example, the first accumulated value and the second accumulated value are both accumulated values, distinguished only by being different accumulated values. The second data volume accumulation indication overhead and the third data volume accumulation indication overhead are both data volume accumulation indication overheads described in the scheme of this application and are carried by different transmission frames.

[0063] Second, the terms “comprising” and “having” and any variations thereof in the embodiments of this application shown below are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a system, product or device that includes a series of units is not necessarily limited to those units that are explicitly listed, but may include other units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such products or devices.

[0064] Third, in the embodiments of this application, the words "exemplarily" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Embodiments or designs described as "exemplarily" or "for example" should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. The use of words such as "exemplarily" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner to facilitate understanding.

[0065] Fourth, unless otherwise specified, all terms used in this application (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0066] Fifth, the embodiments in this application are illustrated using a fine-grained flexible optical data unit (fgODUflex) mapped to a 10-gigabit symmetric passive optical network (XGSPON) encapsulation mode (XGEM), specifically an fgOTN over PON system. However, the solution in this application is not limited to this. Specifically, in this application, the transmission frame is an example of a PON frame, and the data frame carrying the service is an example of an fgOTN frame. The fgODUflex frame can also be referred to as fgODU or fgODU frame. The transmission frame sending method provided in this application can also be applied to various PON systems, including but not limited to gigabit-capable passive optical network (GPON), Ethernet passive optical network (EPON), 10G EPON, XGPON, next-generation passive optical network (NGPON2), 25GPON, 50GPON, over 50GPON, and future higher-speed PON systems. It should be noted that the solution provided in this application is not limited to point-to-multipoint PON systems. That is, the solution in this application can also be applied to point-to-point optical networks, such as circuit emulation service (CES) transmission systems, OTN overpacket fabric protocol (OFP) systems based on packet architecture, and pseudo wire emulation edge-to-edge (PWE3) transmission systems. In the exemplary description of this application, only a PON network is used as an example. Furthermore, the transmission frame transmission method provided in this application can also be extended to frame structures of other small-granularity protocols, such as optical service units (OSUs) (also known as OSU frames, OSU data frames, or flexible optical service units, OSUflex, etc.), to realize OSU over PON systems.

[0067] Sixth, in this application, "send" and "receive" indicate the direction of signal transmission. For example, "receiving information from YY" can be understood as the source of the information being YY, which can include receiving directly from YY through a communication interface (or input / output interface), or indirectly from YY through a communication interface from other units or modules. "Send" can also be understood as the "output" of a chip interface, and "receive" can also be understood as the "input" of a chip interface. In other words, sending and receiving can occur between devices, such as between an OLT device and an ONU device, or within a device, such as sending or receiving between components, modules, chips, software modules, or hardware modules within the device via a bus, wiring, or interface.

[0068] Seventh, in the scheme provided in this application, the sending node can be referred to as a sending node, sending device, or sending equipment, etc. Similarly, the receiving node can be referred to as a receiving node, receiving device, or receiving equipment, etc. Furthermore, in uplink transmission, the sending node can also be referred to as a terminal node, representing the branch end node in a point-to-multipoint network. The receiving node can also be referred to as a central office node, representing the aggregation end node in a point-to-multipoint network. Conversely, in downlink transmission, the sending node can also be referred to as a central office node, representing the aggregation end node in a point-to-multipoint network. The receiving node can also be referred to as a terminal node, representing the branch end node in a point-to-multipoint network.

[0069] To enhance network performance, flexibility, and management efficiency, and to meet the ever-increasing communication demands, fgOTN is gradually being integrated into PON systems. By reusing the abundant fiber resources of the PON system, carrying fgOTN services on the PON network can not only reduce fiber consumption but also lower network construction costs. However, when carrying fgOTN services in a PON system, if packet loss occurs due to bit errors, equipment failures, or network congestion, and the number of lost packets cannot be obtained in real time, it will lead to the loss of certain fgOTN frames, resulting in incomplete or even erroneous fgOTN service data, thus affecting the continuity and accuracy of services.

[0070] Based on this, this application provides a service signal processing method and device that can be applied to the fgOTN service transmission in a PON system. This helps to locate the frame header of fgOTN when packet loss occurs in the PON system, thereby avoiding service interruption caused by reframing and improving system reliability.

[0071] The technical solution of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0072] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a PON system applicable to an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 1As shown, the PON system 100 includes an Optical Line Termination (OLT) 104, an Optical Distribution Network (ODN) 102, and an Optical Network Unit (ONU) or Optical Network Terminal (ONT) 101. The OLT 104 provides a network-side interface and connects to upper-layer network-side devices (such as switches and routers), while connecting to one or more ODNs 102 at lower layers. Generally, the OLT 104 is located in the center office (CO), while the ONU / ONT 101 is located in or near the user's home. The ONU provides a user-side interface and is also connected to the ODN 102. If the ONU also provides user interface functionality, such as an Ethernet user interface or a plain old telephone service (POTS) user interface, it is called an ONT. The ODN (Optical Distribution Network) is a passive optical splitter, consisting of three parts: a passive optical splitter (Splitter) 102-2, a trunk fiber 106, and branch fibers 107. In the PON system, ODN 102 splits one fiber into multiple paths, with ONUs / ONTs sharing the bandwidth. Transmission from OLT 104 to ONU / ONT 101 is called downlink, and transmission from ONU / ONT 101 to OLT 104 is called uplink. Uplink service transmission uses time division multiplexing (TDM) for access. The principle is to divide the uplink transmission time into several time slots Ti (i = 1, 2, 3, ..., 32, ...), and within each time slot, only one ONU / ONT 101 is scheduled to send data to OLT 104 in packets. Each ONU / ONT 101 sends data sequentially according to the order specified by OLT 104. TDM requires the OLT 104 to determine the distance to each ONU / ONT 101 and then strictly time the transmission of each ONU / ONT 101. Each ONU / ONT 101 obtains timing information from the downlink signal sent by the OLT 104 and transmits uplink packet data within the time slots specified by the OLT 104, thereby avoiding conflicts between ONU / ONT 101. That is, each ONU / ONT 101 can only transmit its own uplink data in the time slots allocated by the OLT 104. Downlink service transmission uses a broadcast method to send service data to each ONU / ONT 101.ODN 102 transmits downlink data from OLT 104 to each ONU / ONT 101, and simultaneously aggregates uplink data from multiple ONU / ONT 101 and transmits it to OLT 104.

[0073] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another PON system architecture to which embodiments of this application apply. For example... Figure 2 As shown, multiple ONUs 210 (only one is shown in the figure) communicate through a splitter 220 and an OLT 230. An ONU 210 may include an OTN Framer 216, an ONU media access control (MAC) 211, an ONU physical layer (PHY) 212, a laser 213, and a photodetector 214. In the transmission direction, the OTN Framer 216 maps (or encapsulates) the OTN signal to a PON signal (e.g., using a G-PON encapsulation method (GEM) or GPON transmission convergence (GTC)). For example, in this application, the OTN Framer 216 maps an OTN frame to an intermediate frame, and then maps the intermediate frame to a transmission frame, where the transmission frame is a PON frame, i.e., a PON signal. Alternatively, in some scenarios of this application, the ONU MAC 211 maps an OTN frame to an intermediate frame, and then maps the intermediate frame to a transmission frame. ONU MAC 211 can send service data to ONU optical PHY 212. ONU optical PHY 212, also known as the driver for laser 213, is used to drive the laser to generate optical signals according to the instructions of ONU MAC 211. Under the control of ONU optical PHY 212, laser 213 modulates service data into the optical signal and transmits the uplink optical signal carrying the service data to OLT 230 via optical fiber. In the receiving direction, photodetector 214 receives the downlink optical signal from OLT 230 and converts it into an electrical signal. ONU optical PHY 212 transmits the electrical signal transparently, and ONU MAC 211 analyzes the electrical signal to obtain the PON signal. OTN Framer 216 demaps the PON signal into an OTN signal. For example, in this application, OTN Framer 216 demaps the intermediate frame from the transmission frame and then demaps the OTN frame from the intermediate frame. Alternatively, in some scenarios of this application, the ONUMAC 211 demaps an intermediate frame from the transmission frame, and then demaps an OTN frame from the intermediate frame. The ONU 210 may also include a wavelength division multiplexer 215 for transmitting the uplink optical signal generated by the laser 213 into the optical fiber, and for transmitting the downlink optical signal received from the optical fiber into the photodetector 214.

[0074] OLT 230 may include OTN Framer 237, OLT MAC 231, signal processing module 232, OLT optical PHY 233, photodetector 234, and laser 235. In the receiving direction, photodetector 234 receives the uplink optical signal from ONU 210 and converts it into an electrical signal. This electrical signal can be an analog electrical signal or a digital electrical signal. Signal processing module 232 can be implemented using analog devices (such as amplifiers) or digital devices (such as digital signal processors); therefore, signal processing module 232 can perform analog correlation processing or digital electrical signal processing. OLT MAC 231 parses the electrical signal processed by signal processing module 232 to obtain a PON signal. OTN Framer 237 demaps the PON signal into an OTN signal. For example, in this application, OTN Framer 237 demaps an intermediate frame from a transmission frame and then demaps an OTN frame from the intermediate frame. Alternatively, in some scenarios of this application, the OLT MAC 231 demaps the intermediate frame from the transmission frame, and then demaps the OTN frame from the intermediate frame. In the transmission direction, the OTN Framer 237 maps (or encapsulates) the OTN signal to the PON signal (e.g., GEM or GTC). For example, in this application, the OTN Framer 237 maps the OTN frame to the intermediate frame, and then maps the intermediate frame to the transmission frame. Alternatively, in some scenarios of this application, the OLT MAC 231 maps the OTN frame to the intermediate frame, and then maps the intermediate frame to the transmission frame. The OLT MAC 231 generates service data, and the signal processing module 232 performs analog or digital correlation processing on the service data. Under the control of the OLT optical PHY 233, the laser 235 modulates the service data into an optical signal and transmits the downlink optical signal carrying the service data to the ONU 210 through optical fiber. The OLT 230 may also include a wavelength division multiplexer 236 for transmitting downlink optical signals generated by the laser 235 into the optical fiber, and for transmitting uplink optical signals received from the optical fiber into the photodetector 234.

[0075] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a network device. Specifically, the network device may include one or more of the following: a tributary board, a line board, and a cross-connect board. It may also include system control boards, and one or more of the following: power supply boards, fan boards, and auxiliary boards. When the network device is a box-type device, the tributary board and the line board can be integrated. The line board can also be an optical layer processing board. Depending on specific needs, the type and number of boards included in each device may vary. For example, a network device acting as a core node may not have a tributary board. A network device acting as an edge node may have multiple tributary boards. The power supply board is used to power the network device and may include primary and backup power supplies. The fan board is used for heat dissipation. The auxiliary boards are used to provide auxiliary functions such as external alarms or access to external clocks. The tributary board, cross-connect board, and line board are mainly used to process OTN electrical layer signals (also known as OTN frames). The tributary board is used to receive and transmit various client signals (also known as client services). Customer signals can include constant bit rate (CBR) signals (e.g., synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) signals) and packet signals (e.g., Ethernet signals). Furthermore, the tributary board can include a customer-side optical module and a signal processor. The customer-side optical module is used to receive and / or transmit customer signals. The signal processor is used to perform mapping and demapping processing of customer signals to OTN frames. The signal processor can be located inside or outside the customer-side optical module. If the signal processor is a combination of multiple chips, one (or some) of the chips can be inside the customer-side optical module, while the others are outside. The cross-connect board is used to implement the switching of OTN frames, for example, to perform the switching of one or more types of OTN frames. The line board mainly implements the processing of line-side OTN frames. Specifically, the line board can include a line-side optical module and a signal processor. The line-side optical module is used to receive and / or transmit optical signals carrying OTN frames. The signal processor is used to perform multiplexing and demultiplexing, or mapping and demapping processing of line-side OTN frames. The signal processor can be located inside or outside the line-side optical module. If the signal processor is a combination of multiple chips, one (or some) of these chips may be inside the line-side optical module, while the others may be outside. The customer-side optical module or line-side optical module can also be collectively referred to as an optical module or optical transceiver. The signal processor in either the customer-side or line-side optical module can be an optical digital signal processor (oDSP) or a framer, or a combination of a framer and an oDSP.System control boards are used for system control. Specifically, system control boards can collect information from different boards or send control commands to the corresponding boards. Unless otherwise specified, specific components (e.g., tributary boards) can be one or more, and this application does not impose any restrictions.

[0076] Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a method 400 for sending a transmission frame, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 As shown, this schematic flowchart illustrates information interaction between a sending node and a receiving node. The steps performed by the sending node and / or receiving node can be executed by modules or units within the sending node and / or receiving node, such as chips within the sending node and / or receiving node. The sending node can be referred to as a transmitting node, transmitting device, or transmitting apparatus. Similarly, the receiving node can be referred to as a receiving node, receiving device, or receiving apparatus; this application does not impose any limitations. Specifically, the method includes the following steps.

[0077] S401, the sending node sends the current transmission frame to the receiving node, wherein the current transmission frame includes a first data volume accumulation indication overhead, which indicates the first accumulation value of the effective data volume carried by N transmission frames, and the N transmission frames include transmission frames sent before the current transmission frame, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

[0078] In this application, a transmission frame refers to a data frame in the transport layer. It should be understood that when the solution of this application is applied to a PON system, the transmission frame can be, for example, a GEM frame, which may also include an XGEM frame (sometimes referred to as XGEM or (x)GEM, which this application does not specifically distinguish), or a transmission frame in the future PON system that has the same or similar function as a GEM frame. The effective data volume carried by the transmission frame can be understood as the amount of service data carried by the transmission frame. For example, in an fgOTN over PON system, the effective data volume carried by the transmission frame is the data of the fgOTN service. The effective data volume can also be called the effective data length, service data volume, or service data length, etc., which this application does not limit. In a PON system, the effective data volume is the actual service data volume excluding padding. The service data can also be called service signals, customer data, or customer service data, etc. The service corresponding to the service data can be enterprise services, such as banks, broadband operators, etc., which have high-quality requirements for service transmission (e.g., hard pipes, hard isolation, fixed low latency, etc.). Furthermore, the business data can correspond to services such as Ethernet services and E1 services. Simultaneously, the services corresponding to these services can include various types of services, such as internet access, video and voice calls, etc.

[0079] In this application, the data volume accumulation indication overhead included in the transmission frame indicates the accumulated value of the effective data volume carried by N transmission frames, that is, the sum of the service data carried by N transmission frames. Specifically, in this application, the first accumulated value of the first data volume accumulation indication included in the current transmission frame is the sum of the service data carried by N transmission frames. In this case, the N transmission frames include transmission frames sent before the current transmission frame. Similarly, the second accumulated value of the second data volume accumulation indication included in the previous transmission frame adjacent to the current transmission frame (i.e., the first transmission frame) is also the sum of the service data carried by N transmission frames. In this case, the N transmission frames include transmission frames sent before the first transmission frame. It is understood that in this application, the names of the data volume accumulation indication overhead (i.e., the first data volume accumulation indication overhead and the second data volume accumulation indication overhead) are merely exemplary, and other names can also be used. For example, the data volume accumulation indication overhead can also be called data volume accumulation overhead, data volume accumulation and overhead, etc., and this application does not limit this.

[0080] In the first possible implementation, when the N transmission frames indicated by the first data accumulation indication overhead are N transmission frames sent before the current transmission frame, the first accumulated value of the effective data volume carried by the N transmission frames can be calculated based on the previous frame (the first transmission frame) adjacent to the current transmission frame. In this case, the first accumulated value of the effective data volume indicated by the first data accumulation indication overhead included in (or carried by) the current transmission frame is equal to the second accumulated value of the effective data volume indicated by the second data accumulation indication overhead included in the previous frame, and the sum of the effective data carried in the previous frame. For example, if the current transmission frame is XGEM_curr, and the first accumulated value of the effective data amount indicated by the first data amount accumulation indicator overhead included in XGEM_curr is XGEM_curr_Sumlen, and the previous frame of the current transmission frame is XGEM_last, and the second accumulated value of the effective data amount indicated by the second data amount accumulation indicator overhead included in XGEM_last is XGEM_last_Sumlen, and the effective data amount carried by XGEM_last is XGEM_last_Plen, then XGEM_curr_Sumlen = XGEM_last_Sumlen + XGEM_last_Plen. It should be noted that in some embodiments, if the current transmission frame is the first transmission frame sent by the sending node, and no transmission frames have been sent before this current transmission frame (i.e., N is 0), the first accumulated value of the effective data amount indicated by the first data amount accumulation indicator overhead included in the current transmission frame can be understood as an initial value, which can be set to a default value, such as 0.

[0081] In the second possible implementation, when the N transmission frames indicated by the first data accumulation indication overhead are (N-1) transmission frames sent before the current transmission frame and the current transmission frame, the first accumulated value of the effective data carried by the N transmission frames can be calculated jointly based on the previous frame (the first transmission frame) adjacent to the current transmission frame and the current transmission frame. In this case, the first accumulated value of the effective data indicated by the first data accumulation indication overhead in the current transmission frame is equal to the second accumulated value of the effective data indicated by the second data accumulation indication overhead in the previous frame, and the sum of the effective data carried by the current transmission frame. For example, if the current transmission frame is XGEM_curr, the first accumulated value of the effective data quantity indicated by the first data quantity accumulation indicator overhead in XGEM_curr is XGEM_curr_Sumlen, the effective data quantity carried by XGEM_curr is XGEM_curr_Plen, the previous frame of the current transmission frame is XGEM_last, and the second accumulated value of the effective data quantity indicated by the second data quantity accumulation indicator overhead in XGEM_last is XGEM_last_Sumlen, then XGEM_curr_Sumlen = XGEM_last_Sumlen + XGEM_curr_Plen. It should be noted that when the current transmission frame is the first transmission frame sent by the sending node, there are no transmission frames sent before this current transmission frame, i.e., N is 1, and this single transmission frame is the current transmission frame. In this case, the first accumulated value of the effective data quantity indicated by the first data quantity accumulation indicator overhead in the current transmission frame is the effective data quantity carried by the current transmission frame, i.e., XGEM_curr_Sumlen = XGEM_curr_Plen.

[0082] It is understandable that, in the first implementation described above, for each transmission frame transmitted in the system, the accumulated value of the effective data amount indicated by the data amount accumulation indicator overhead can be understood as excluding the effective data amount carried by the frame itself. In other words, in the first implementation, the accumulated value of the effective data amount indicated by the data amount accumulation indicator overhead in each transmission frame is only related to the effective data amount carried by transmission frames that have been sent before this transmission frame (the current transmission frame), and is unrelated to the current transmission frame. For example, if the current transmission frame is XGEM_curr, and the accumulated value of the effective data quantity indicated by the data quantity accumulation indicator (overhead) in XGEM_curr is XGEM_curr_Sumlen, and the effective data quantity carried by XGEM_curr is XGEM_curr_Plen, and the previous frame is XGEM_last, and the accumulated value of the effective data quantity indicated by the data quantity accumulation indicator (overhead) in XGEM_last is XGEM_last_Sumlen, and the effective data quantity carried by XGEM_last_Plen, then for the current transmission frame and the previous frame adjacent to the current transmission frame, XGEM_curr_Sumlen does not contain XGEM_curr_Plen, and similarly, XGEM_last_Sumlen does not contain XGEM_last_Plen. In the second implementation described above, the accumulated value of the effective data quantity indicated by the data quantity accumulation indicator (overhead) for each transmission frame can be understood as including the effective data quantity carried by itself. In the second implementation, the accumulated value of the effective data amount indicated by the data amount accumulation indicator overhead in each transmission frame is related not only to the effective data amount carried by transmission frames previously sent (the current transmission frame), but also to the effective data amount carried by the current transmission frame. For example, if the current transmission frame is XGEM_curr, and the accumulated value of the effective data amount indicated by the data amount accumulation indicator overhead in XGEM_curr is XGEM_curr_Sumlen, and the effective data amount carried by XGEM_curr is XGEM_curr_Plen, and the previous frame is XGEM_last, and the accumulated value of the effective data amount indicated by the data amount accumulation indicator overhead in XGEM_last is XGEM_last_Sumlen, and the effective data amount carried by XGEM_last is XGEM_last_Plen, then for the current transmission frame and the previous frame adjacent to it, XGEM_curr_Sumlen contains XGEM_curr_Plen, and similarly, XGEM_last_Sumlen contains XGEM_last_Plen.

[0083] In some embodiments, the current transmission frame may further include data volume indication overhead, which indicates the effective data volume carried by the current transmission frame. It is understood that the receiving node can determine whether the current service transmission is correct based on the data volume value in the data volume indication overhead of the transmission frame and the accumulated value indicated by the data volume accumulation indication overhead of the transmission frame. It is also understood that when the current transmission frame also includes data volume indication overhead, the accumulated value of the effective data volume carried by N transmission frames can be calculated from the effective data volume carried by N transmission frames. For the first implementation described above, the first accumulated value of the effective data volume indicated by the first data volume accumulation indication overhead included in the current transmission frame is the sum of the effective data volumes carried by the N transmission frames sent before the current transmission frame. For example, taking the transmission frame as XGEM, if the current transmission frame is XGEM-curr, the accumulated value of the effective data volume indicated by the data volume accumulation indicator overhead in XGEM-curr is XGEM_curr_Sumlen. There are three transmission frames preceding the current transmission frame: XGEM_pre1, XGEM_pre2, and XGEM_last. Simultaneously, the effective data volumes carried by XGEM_pre1, XGEM_pre2, and XGEM_last are XGEM_pre1_Plen, XGEM_pre2_Plen, and XGEM_last_Plen, respectively. Therefore, XGEM_curr_Sumlen = XGEM_pre1_Plen + XGEM_pre2_Plen + XGEM_last_Plen. In the second implementation described above, the first accumulated value of the effective data volume indicated by the first data volume accumulation indicator overhead in the current transmission frame is the sum of the effective data volumes carried by the (N-1) transmission frames sent before the current transmission frame and the effective data volume carried by the current transmission frame. For example, taking the transmission frame as XGEM, if the current transmission frame is XGEM_curr, the accumulated value of the effective data amount indicated by the data amount accumulation indicator overhead in XGEM_curr is XGEM_curr_Sumlen, the effective data amount carried by XGEM_curr is XGEM_curr_Plen, and there are 3 transmission frames before the current transmission frame: XGEM_pre1, XGEM_pre2, and XGEM_last. At the same time, the effective data amounts carried by XGEM_pre1, XGEM_pre2, and XGEM_last are XGEM_pre1_Plen, XGEM_pre2_Plen, and XGEM_last_Plen, respectively. Then, XGEM_curr_Sumlen = XGEM_pre1_Plen + XGEM_pre2_Plen + XGEM_last_Plen + XGEM_curr_Plen.

[0084] In some embodiments, the current transmission frame may also include a sequence indicator (SQ) overhead. It is understood that the receiving node can identify whether a transmission frame is lost based on the SQ. When a transmission frame is partially lost, the amount of valid data carried in the lost transmission frame can be calculated and recovered based on the accumulated value of the valid data in the current transmission frame, the accumulated value of the valid data in the previous received transmission frame, and the amount of valid data carried in the current transmission frame (or the amount of valid data carried in the previous received frame), thereby improving the reliability of service data transmission. It should be noted that when valid data is lost, the actual preceding frame adjacent to the current transmission frame may also be lost. That is, from the receiving node's perspective, the previous transmission frame received by the receiving node is not necessarily the actual preceding frame adjacent to the current transmission frame sent by the sending node; it may also be a transmission frame before the actual preceding frame adjacent to the current transmission frame sent by the sending node. It's just that due to data loss, the receiving node did not receive the actual preceding frame adjacent to the current transmission frame. In other words, in this application's scheme, when calculating lost valid data, the previously received transmission frame (hereinafter also referred to as the previous frame of the current frame, the previously received frame, etc., which can be distinguished according to the scenario described here) only represents the previous frame received by the receiving node before the current transmission frame, adjacent to the current transmission frame, and does not necessarily represent the actual previous frame adjacent to the current transmission frame sent by the sending node. For example, the sending node sends transmission frames #1, #2, #3, and #4 to the receiving node in the order of transmission time. When transmission frame #3 is lost, the receiving node receives transmission frames #1, #2, and #4 in the order of reception time, where transmission frame #4 is the current transmission frame, and transmission frame #2 is the previous transmission frame received by the receiving node. For example, taking the transmission frame as XGEM, if the first accumulated value of the effective data quantity indicated by the first data quantity accumulation indicator overhead in the current transmission frame XGEM_curr is XGEM_curr_Sumlen, and XGEM_curr_Sumlen does not include the effective data quantity XGEM_curr_Plen carried by the current transmission frame (i.e., corresponding to the first implementation method above), and the third accumulated value of the effective data quantity indicated by the third data quantity accumulation indicator overhead in the received previous frame is XGEM_last_Sumlen, and the effective data quantity carried by the previous frame is XGEM_last_Plen, then the lost data quantity = XGEM_curr_Sumlen - (XGEM_last_Sumlen + XGEM_last_Plen).If the first accumulated value of the effective data quantity of the first data quantity accumulation indicator overhead included in the current transmission frame XGEM_curr is XGEM_curr_Sumlen, and XGEM_curr_Sumlen includes XGEM_curr_Plen (i.e., corresponding to the second implementation method above), and the third accumulated value of the effective data quantity of the third data quantity accumulation indicator overhead included in the current frame is XGEM_last_Sumlen, then the amount of lost data = XGEM_curr_Sumlen - XGEM_curr_Plen - XGEM_last_Sumlen.

[0085] In some embodiments, the current transmission frame may also include verification overhead, such as header error check (HEC) or cyclic redundancy check (CRC), to improve the error correction capability of the system, thereby further improving the reliability of overhead transmission.

[0086] In some embodiments, the first data accumulation indication overhead can be set in the justification control overhead (JCOH) included in the current transmission frame. For example, for an XGEM frame in a PON system, the JCOH can be set in the frame header of the XGEM frame, such as... Figure 5 As shown in (a), JCOH includes data accumulation indicator overhead, i.e. Figure 5 The Sumlen overhead in the XGEM frame. In other embodiments, the JCOH can also be set in the payload area of ​​the XGEM frame, such as... Figure 5 As shown in (b) above. In some other embodiments, the JCOH can also be set in both the frame header and payload area of ​​the XGEM frame. In this case, the number of bytes / bits contained in the JCOH belongs partly to the frame header of the XGEM frame and partly to the payload area of ​​the XGEM frame, such as... Figure 5 As shown in (c) in the figure.

[0087] In other embodiments, if the current transmission frame also includes at least one of data quantity indication overhead, SQ overhead, and check overhead, at least one of the data quantity indication overhead, SQ overhead, and check overhead can also be set in JCOH. For example, as... Figure 6 As shown, for an XGEM frame in a PON system, JCOH includes both SQ overhead and data quantity indication overhead (i.e., Figure 6 Plen overhead), data accumulation indicator overhead (i.e. Figure 6 The Sumlen overhead and the verification overhead (i.e., Figure 6The HEC overhead (in this context) is used. The 8-bit SQ overhead indicates the sequence of the current transmission frames (or the sequence of SDU frames hereinafter). Simultaneously, the transmitting node increments the SQ overhead by 1 for each transmission frame (i.e., increments the SQ by 1 for each SDU frame), and the SQ overhead ranges from 0 to 255. The receiving node can use the SQ overhead to check if one or more frames have been lost. The 8-bit Plen overhead represents the effective data length carried in the payload area of ​​each transmission frame (or SDU frame) and carries the generated C... 128 Value. According to C 128 The corresponding C 128 A 128-bit (16-byte) fgODUflex(p) is mapped to the payload of the XGEM SDU. A 16-bit Sumlen overhead is continuously added to the effective data carried in each transport frame (or SDU frame). Understandably, the initial sum of the Sumlen overhead can be zero. The Sumlen value in the current transport frame (or SDU frame) is equal to the Sumlen value in the previous transport frame (or SDU frame) plus the C value in the previous transport frame (or SDU frame). 128 In the event of frame loss, the receiving node can determine the amount of lost data and perform corresponding compensation by comparing the Sumlen value in two adjacent received transmission frames (or SDU frames) with the expected Sumlen value. Specifically, when the Sumlen value does not include Plen, the Sumlen value of the current transmission frame (or SDU frame) can be compared with the expected Sumlen value of the next transmission frame (or SDU frame); when the Sumlen value does not include Plen, the Sumlen value of the previous received transmission frame (or SDU frame) can be compared with the expected Sumlen value of the current transmission frame (or SDU frame). The 19-bit RES is reserved and can be padded with all zeros. The 13-bit HEC field contains the error detection and correction code for bits 1 to 51 of the JCOH. It is a combination of the Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) code manipulated on the 63 initial bits of the JCOH and a single parity bit. The construction and verification details of the HEC are in standard G.987.3. Alternatively, an 8-bit CRC-8 can be used instead of the 13-bit HEC. The 8-bit CRC-8 field contains the error check codes for bits 1 to 56 of the JCOH, which use g(x) = x 8 +x 3 +x 2 +1 generates a polynomial.

[0088] Understandable, Figure 6 This is merely an example provided for this application, namely in Figure 6In this context, the JCOH is set in the payload area of ​​the XGEM frame. In some other embodiments, the JCOH can also be set in the frame header of the XGEM frame, or simultaneously occupy a portion of bytes / bits in both the frame header and payload area of ​​the XGEM frame. Furthermore, for... Figure 6 The number of bytes / bits occupied by the JCOH, SQ overhead, data volume indication overhead, data volume accumulation indication overhead, and check overhead shown in this application is not limited in this application. Figure 6 In the example shown, JCOH occupies 8 bytes. Meanwhile, the number of bits occupied by SQ overhead, data volume indication overhead, data volume accumulation indication overhead, and check overhead are 8 bits, 8 bits, 16 bits, and 13 bits, respectively, but this application is not limited to this. It is understood that the smaller the bit width occupied by the overhead in JCOH, the smaller the range of detected packet loss, and the more accurate the range of detected packet loss. In some other embodiments, the minimum number of bits occupied by SQ overhead can be 4 bits; or, the minimum number of bits occupied by Plen overhead can be 8 bits; or, the minimum number of bits occupied by Sumlen overhead can be 9 bits; or, the check overhead depends on the selected check algorithm, for example, HEC can occupy 13 bits, CRC can occupy 8 bits or 16 bits, and the minimum number of bits occupied by check overhead can be 8 bits. It is also understood that in... Figure 6 The JCOH shown also contains 19 redundant bits. These redundant bits are not necessary for the JCOH. For example, when the number of bytes occupied by the JCOH is less than 8 bytes, the JCOH may not include these redundant bits.

[0089] It should also be noted that, in Figure 6 In this example, the positions of SQ overhead, data volume indication overhead, data volume accumulation indication overhead, redundant bits, and check overhead are merely one example; that is, the positions of the various overheads are not limited to a specific order. Figure 6 As shown.

[0090] Understandably, before the sending node sends the current transmission frame to the receiving node, method 400 also includes a process of generating the current transmission frame. When the data frame carrying the service is an OTN frame, in some embodiments, method 400 further includes the following steps.

[0091] S402, the sending node maps the OTN frame to the intermediate frame.

[0092] In this application, the OTN frame is used to carry (bear) valid data; that is, the OTN frame is a data frame carrying services, and can also be called a service data frame. When the transmitting node maps an OTN frame to an intermediate frame, it maps the valid data of the OTN frame into the payload area of ​​the intermediate frame, while carrying the overhead of mapping the OTN frame to the intermediate frame in the overhead area of ​​the intermediate frame. This overhead includes data accumulation indication overhead. Specifically, when the transmitting node maps an OTN frame to an intermediate frame, it maps the OTN frame to at least one intermediate frame. At this time, the payload area of ​​each of these at least one intermediate frame carries a portion of the valid data of the OTN frame (also called a data slice), meaning that the entire payload area of ​​each intermediate frame is occupied by a portion of the valid data of the OTN frame. Simultaneously, the overhead area of ​​each intermediate frame carries the overhead generated when mapping the OTN frame to that intermediate frame.

[0093] In some implementations, the OTN frame can be fgODUflex. It should be noted that fgODUflex can also be called fgODUflex frame, fgODUflex data frame, fgODUflex signal, etc. When used to describe the data structure carrying service data, fgODUflex is usually understood as a "frame," and in this case, fgODUflex can be referred to as an fgODUflex frame. When used to describe the carrier carrying service data or to describe the transmission of service data, fgODUflex is usually understood as a "signal," and in this case, fgODUflex can be referred to as an fgODUflex signal. This application does not make a special distinction between "frame" and "signal."

[0094] In some implementations, the intermediate frame is a Service Data Unit (SDU) frame.

[0095] S403, the sending node maps the intermediate frame to the current transmission frame.

[0096] It is understandable that for the current transmission frame, the amount of effective data it carries is the amount of effective data carried by the intermediate frames mapped to the current transmission frame. Therefore, the first accumulated value of the effective data carried by the N transmission frames indicated by the first data accumulation indication overhead in the current transmission frame can also be understood as the accumulated value of the effective data carried by the N intermediate frames, that is, the accumulated value of the effective data carried by the OTN frames mapped to the N intermediate frames.

[0097] In the first implementation, when the intermediate frame is mapped to the transport frame, both the payload area and overhead area of ​​the intermediate frame are mapped to the transport frame. In this case, the payload area of ​​the transport frame includes both the overhead area and the payload area of ​​the intermediate frame. For example, when the OTN frame is fgODUflex, the intermediate frame is an SDU frame, and the transport frame is an XGEM frame, the payload area of ​​the SDU frame carries the valid data carried by fgODUflex, and the overhead area of ​​the SDU frame carries overhead including data accumulation indication overhead, such as the several JCOHs listed above. A schematic diagram of the generated XGEM frame can be shown as follows. Figure 7 As shown in (a) above, the payload area of ​​the XGEM frame includes the payloads of the JCOH and SDU frames. In the second implementation, when the intermediate frame is mapped to the transport frame, the payload area of ​​the intermediate frame is mapped to the payload area of ​​the transport frame, and the overhead area of ​​the intermediate frame is mapped to the frame header of the transport frame. In this case, the payload area of ​​the transport frame includes the payload of the intermediate frame. For example, when the OTN frame is fgODUflex, the intermediate frame is an SDU frame, and the transport frame is an XGEM frame, the payload area of ​​the SDU frame is used to carry the valid data carried by fgODUflex, and the overhead area of ​​the SDU frame is used to carry overhead including data accumulation indication overhead, such as the several JCOHs listed above. In this case, a schematic diagram of the generated XGEM frame can be shown as follows. Figure 7 As shown in (b) in the figure. That is, the payload area of ​​the XGEM frame includes the payload of the SDU frame, and the frame header of the XGEM frame includes JCOH.

[0098] It should be noted that this application does not limit the mapping method when mapping OTN frames to intermediate frames and / or intermediate frames to transmission frames. Furthermore, the mapping methods when mapping OTN frames to intermediate frames and intermediate frames to transmission frames can be the same or different. In other words, in... Figure 7 In this application, the mapping method from fgODUflex to SDU and from SDU to XGEM is not limited. For example, fgODUflex can be mapped to SDU frames using a generic mapping procedure (GMP) and a mapping overhead JCOH can be generated. At the same time, SDU frames are also mapped to XGEM frames using GMP.

[0099] S404, the receiving node demaps the current transmission frame to obtain the intermediate frame.

[0100] S405, the receiving node demaps the intermediate frame to obtain the OTN frame.

[0101] It is understandable that the process by which the receiving node demaps the OTN frame from the current transmission frame to obtain the OTN frame can be seen as the reverse of the mapping process, relative to the process by which the sending node maps the OTN frame to the current transmission frame. For example, if the sending node maps the OTN frame to an intermediate frame and simultaneously maps the intermediate frame to the current transmission frame, the receiving node can determine the mapping position of the OTN frame carried in the intermediate frame based on the mapping information carried in the current transmission frame, such as JCOH, and thus obtain the OTN frame based on the mapping position.

[0102] As explained above, the accumulated value of the data volume accumulation indicator and the overhead indicator included in the transmission frame can be used by the receiving node to determine whether packet loss exists in the current system. When packet loss occurs, the accumulated value can also be used to calculate the amount of data dropped in the system in real time, thereby enabling frame fixing of data frames carrying service data (such as fgOTN frames) and improving system reliability.

[0103] Figure 8 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a method 800 for determining a data frame header, provided in an embodiment of this application. The method is executed by a receiving node, and the steps performed by the receiving node can be executed by a module or unit within the receiving node, such as a chip within the receiving node. Specifically, the method includes the following steps.

[0104] S801, the receiving node calculates the amount of lost data based on the first data amount accumulation indication overhead included in the current transmission frame, wherein the first data amount accumulation indication overhead indicates the first accumulation value of the effective data amount carried by N transmission frames, and the N transmission frames include transmission frames sent before the current transmission frame, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

[0105] In the first possible implementation, when the N transmission frames indicated by the first data accumulation indication overhead are N transmission frames sent before the current transmission frame, that is, the first accumulated value of the effective data amount indicated by the first data accumulation indication overhead in the current transmission frame does not include the effective data amount carried by the current transmission frame, the lost data amount is calculated using the received previous transmission frame. The description of the received previous transmission frame can be found in the relevant sections above and will not be repeated here. In this case, the lost data is equal to the sum of the third accumulated value of the effective data amount indicated by the third data accumulation indication overhead in the received previous frame and the effective data carried by the previous frame, minus the first accumulated value of the effective data amount indicated by the first data accumulation indication overhead in the current transmission frame. For example, taking the transmission frame as XGEM, if the first accumulated value of the effective data quantity indicated by the first data quantity accumulation indicator overhead in the current transmission frame XGEM_curr is XGEM_curr_Sumlen, the third accumulated value of the effective data quantity indicated by the third data quantity accumulation indicator overhead in the received previous frame is XGEM_last_Sumlen, and the effective data quantity carried by the previous frame is XGEM_last_Plen, then the lost data quantity = XGEM_curr_Sumlen - (XGEM_last_Sumlen + XGEM_last_Plen).

[0106] In the second possible implementation, when the N transmission frames indicated by the first data volume accumulation indication overhead are (N-1) transmission frames sent before the current transmission frame and the current transmission frame, that is, when the first accumulated value of the effective data volume indicated by the first data volume accumulation indication overhead in the current transmission frame includes the effective data volume carried by the current transmission frame, the lost data volume is calculated using the received previous transmission frame and the current transmission frame. In this case, the lost data is equal to the sum of the third accumulated value of the effective data volume indicated by the third data volume accumulation indication overhead in the received previous frame and the effective data carried by the current transmission frame, minus the first accumulated value of the effective data volume indicated by the first data volume accumulation indication overhead in the current transmission frame. For example, taking the transmission frame as XGEM, if the first accumulated value of the effective data quantity indicated by the first data quantity accumulation indicator overhead in the current transmission frame XGEM_curr is XGEM_curr_Sumlen, the effective data quantity carried by the current transmission frame is XGEM_curr_Plen, and the third accumulated value of the effective data quantity indicated by the third data quantity accumulation indicator overhead in the previous frame is XGEM_last_Sumlen, then the amount of lost data = XGEM_curr_Sumlen - XGEM_curr_Plen - XGEM_last_Sumlen.

[0107] S802, the receiving node determines the frame header of the data frame carrying the service based on the amount of lost data.

[0108] Specifically, after calculating the amount of lost data, the receiving node determines the header position of the data frame carrying the service in the current transmission frame based on the amount of lost data.

[0109] In this application, the frame header position can be understood as the starting position of the data frame carrying the service, that is, the position of the first byte / bit of the data frame carrying the service when it is mapped into the current transmission frame.

[0110] In some embodiments, after calculating the amount of lost data, the receiving node can determine the header position of the data frame carrying the service in the current transmission frame based on the amount of lost data. Before the determined header position, the receiving node re-fills the lost data into the already received transmission frames, ensuring that the total amount of valid data before the header position is correct. This guarantees that valid data in transmission frames after the header position in the current transmission frame can continue to be transmitted. For example, when the transmission frame is an XGEM frame and the data frame carrying the service is an OTN frame, after calculating the amount of lost data, the receiving node can determine the header position of the OTN frame in the current XGEM frame based on the amount of lost data, and re-fill the lost data into the already received XGEM frames before the determined header position.

[0111] In other embodiments, after calculating the amount of lost data, the receiving node determines and records the header position of the data frame carrying the service in the current transmission frame based on the amount of lost data. This information is used for statistical analysis of the amount of valid data in the next transmission frame and for determining the header of the data frame carrying the service in the next transmission frame. For example, when the transmission frame is an XGEM frame and the data frame carrying the service is an OTN frame, after calculating the amount of lost data, the receiving node determines and records the header position of the OTN frame in the current XGEM frame based on the amount of lost data. This information is used for statistical analysis of the amount of valid data in the XGEM frame and for determining the header of the next OTN frame in the XGEM frame.

[0112] It should be noted that when the receiving node determines the frame header based on the amount of lost data, in some scenarios, if the amount of lost data is large, the receiving node needs to accurately calculate the frame header position of the data frame carrying the service in the current transmission frame based on the amount of lost data. In other scenarios, if the amount of lost data is small, for example, not exceeding the system's tolerable data loss threshold, the receiving node can traverse and search within a certain range of the original frame header position in the current transmission frame (i.e., the correct frame header position when no valid data was lost) based on the amount of lost data, and determine the new frame header. For example, if the amount of lost data is x, and x does not exceed the system's tolerable data loss threshold, and the original frame header position is y, then the receiving node can search for the new frame header within the range of y±x or yx. Alternatively, in some scenarios, the receiving node may only need to determine if data loss exists, and if the amount of lost data is small. In this case, the receiving node does not need to actually calculate the exact amount of lost data. The receiving node can still traverse and search within a preset range of the original frame header position in the current transmission frame to determine the frame header. This preset range can be a system default preset range. Since the receiving node does not calculate the actual amount of lost valid data, the computational complexity of the receiving node can be reduced. It should be noted that when the receiving node traverses and searches within a certain range to determine a new frame header, in order to avoid incorrect determination of the frame header position, the receiving node can continue to check the same position in multiple transmission frames after the current transmission frame to determine if a frame header exists. If the same position in multiple transmission frames after the current transmission frame is the frame header position, the receiving node determines that position as the correct frame header position after the loss of valid data.

[0113] Next, we will explain in detail the process by which the receiving node determines the header position of the data frame carrying the service in the current transmission frame based on the amount of lost data.

[0114] It should be noted that, since the length of the data frame carrying the service is not always aligned with the payload area of ​​the transmission frame, some transmission frames may not have a header for the data frame carrying the service, or there may be one or more. The position of the header of the data frame carrying the service in the current transmission frame is related to the first accumulated value, the effective data amount carried in the current transmission frame, the fourth accumulated value of the effective data amount indicated by the fourth data amount accumulation overhead in the previous frame, the effective data amount carried in the previous frame, and the position of the last header in the current transmission frame.

[0115] It should also be noted that, considering the case where the transmission frame does not contain a frame header, in the scheme of this application, when calculating the frame header position, the previous transmission frame received by the receiving node is the correctly received transmission frame containing a frame header, that is, the last transmission frame containing a frame header received by the receiving node before the loss of valid data.

[0116] For example, taking the transmission frame as XGEM, and each XGEM frame including a maximum of two OTN frame headers as an example, combined with... Figure 9 The above describes the process of determining the frame header. In Figure 9 In this context, the frame pointer (FP) indicates the position of the frame header of an OTN frame, and the frame length is the interval between two FPs (inclusive).

[0117] In some embodiments, the frame header of the first OTN frame in the current transmission frame can be calculated, i.e. Figure 9 P1 in the text. Specifically, as shown in the example... Figure 9 As shown, the frame header position P1 of the first OTN frame in the current transmission frame is equal to the amount of valid data not sent (not transmitted) in the last transmission frame that lost valid data, L3 + 1. Here, L3 = the length of each OTN frame LL - the amount of valid data already sent in the last transmission frame that lost valid data, L2. L2 = (the amount of valid data sent after the last transmission frame containing a frame header before the loss of valid data, K + the amount of valid data sent after the last transmission frame containing a frame header before the loss of valid data, N) % the length of each OTN frame LL. % is the modulo operator. If the first accumulated value of the first data amount included in the current transmission frame, which indicates the valid data amount indicated by the overhead, does not include the valid data amount carried by the current transmission frame, then K = the accumulated value of the current transmission frame SL1 - (the amount of valid data sent after the loss of valid data, N) % the length of each OTN frame LL. The cumulative value SL0 of the last transmitted frame containing a frame header before the loss of valid data + the amount of valid data that the payload area of ​​the last transmitted frame containing a frame header before the loss of valid data can carry (PL0), or, if the first cumulative value of the first data amount included in the current transmitted frame includes the amount of valid data indicated by the first data amount accumulation overhead, then K = the cumulative value SL1 of the current transmitted frame - the amount of valid data that the payload area of ​​the current transmitted frame can carry (PL1) - the cumulative value SL0 of the last transmitted frame containing a frame header before the loss of valid data, N = the amount of valid data that the payload area of ​​the last transmitted frame containing a frame header before the loss of valid data (PL0) - the frame header position P0+1 of the second OTN frame in the transmitted frame containing a frame header before the loss of valid data. In summary, when the first accumulated value of the effective data quantity indicated by the first data quantity accumulation overhead does not include the effective data quantity carried by the current transmission frame, P1 = LL - (SL1 - SL0 - P0 + 1) % LL + 1; when the first accumulated value of the effective data quantity indicated by the first data quantity accumulation overhead includes the effective data quantity carried by the current transmission frame, P1 = LL - (PL0 - P0 + 1 + SL1 - SL0 - PL1) % LL + 1.

[0118] In other embodiments, the header of the second OTN frame in the current transmission frame can be calculated, i.e. Figure 9 P2 in the text. Specifically, such as... Figure 9As shown, the frame header position P2 of the second OTN frame in the current transmission frame is equal to the effective data volume PL1 that the payload area in the current transmission frame can carry - the effective data volume L4 + 1 that the second OTN frame in the current transmission frame has already transmitted. Here, L4 = (the effective data volume K transmitted after the last transmission frame containing a frame header before data loss + the effective data volume N transmitted after the last transmission frame containing a frame header before data loss + the effective data volume PL1 that the payload area in the current transmission frame can carry) % the length LL of each OTN frame. % is the modulo operator. If the first accumulated value of the effective data volume indicated by the first data volume accumulation indicator overhead does not include the effective data volume carried by the current transmission frame, then K = the accumulated value SL1 of the current transmission frame - (the effective data volume after data loss). The cumulative value SL0 of the last transmitted frame containing a frame header before the loss of valid data + the amount of valid data that the payload area of ​​the last transmitted frame containing a frame header before the loss of valid data can carry (PL0), or, if the first cumulative value of the first data amount included in the current transmitted frame includes the amount of valid data indicated by the first data amount accumulation overhead, then K = the cumulative value SL1 of the current transmitted frame - the amount of valid data that the payload area of ​​the current transmitted frame can carry (PL1) - the cumulative value SL0 of the last transmitted frame containing a frame header before the loss of valid data, N = the amount of valid data that the payload area of ​​the last transmitted frame containing a frame header before the loss of valid data (PL0) - the frame header position P0+1 of the second OTN frame in the transmitted frame containing a frame header before the loss of valid data. In summary, when the first accumulated value of the effective data quantity indicated by the first data quantity accumulation overhead does not include the effective data quantity carried by the current transmission frame, P2 = PL1 - (SL1 - SL0 - P0 + PL1 + 1) % LL + 1; when the first accumulated value of the effective data quantity indicated by the first data quantity accumulation overhead includes the effective data quantity carried by the current transmission frame, P2 = PL1 - (PL0 - P0 + 1 + SL1 - SL0) % LL + 1.

[0119] It should be noted that in practical applications, if each transmission frame includes multiple headers for the data frames carrying the service, in order to improve the efficiency of recovering valid data, the header of the first data frame carrying the service in the current transmission frame is usually calculated. For example, for... Figure 9 In this regard, choosing to calculate P1 is preferable to calculating P2. Calculating P1 allows the frame header to be calculated in advance, enabling data to be recovered earlier.

[0120] As explained above, in this application, the OTN frame can be fgODUflex, and the frame format of fgODUflex can be as follows: Figure 10 As shown. When the OTN frame is as follows Figure 10When fgODUflex is shown, this application embodiment also provides the frame header calculation formula when carrying fgODUflex in XGEM frame, as shown in the following formulas (2), (4), (6), and (8).

[0121] like Figure 10 As shown, fgODUflex has a 4*3824 byte structure, and each fgODUflex includes 8 frame headers, i.e. Figure 10 The frame alignment signal (FAS) in the data is divided into FAS0 and FAS7, where each line includes two frame headers. It can be understood that when performing calculations on a single line, the position of the first or second frame header within that line can be calculated.

[0122] In the first feasible scheme, the first accumulated value of the effective data quantity indicated by the first data quantity accumulation indicator overhead in the current transmission frame is Sumlen, and Sumlen does not include the effective data quantity carried by the current transmission frame. The effective data quantity carried by the current transmission frame is Plen. The fourth accumulated value of the effective data quantity indicated by the fourth data quantity accumulation indicator overhead in the previous frame is Sumlen_last. When the effective data quantity carried by the previous frame is Plen_last, the position of the last frame header in the current transmission frame and the position of the first frame header in the current transmission frame can be calculated by the following formulas respectively.

[0123] Specifically, the position fp_last of the last frame header in the current transmission frame is represented by the following formula (1).

[0124] fp_last=Plen-((Sumlen-(Sumlen_last+Plen_last)+Plen+(Plen_last-fp_last+1))%239)+1 (1)

[0125] After simplification, equation (1) is expressed as equation (2) below.

[0126] fp_last=Plen-(Sumlen+Plen-Sumlen_last-fp_last +1)%239+1 (2)

[0127] Where 239 represents the number of 3824 / 16 data blocks in a line of fgODUflex, that is, the interval between two frame headers.

[0128] Specifically, the position of the first frame header in the current frame, fp_first, is represented by the following formula (3).

[0129] fp_first=239-(Sumlen-(Sumlen_last+Plen_last)+(Plen_last-fp_last+1))%239+1(3)

[0130] After simplification, equation (3) is expressed as equation (4) below.

[0131] fp_first=240-(Sumlen-Sumlen_last-fp_last+1)%239 (4)

[0132] In the second feasible scheme, the first accumulated value of the effective data quantity indicated by the first data quantity accumulation indicator overhead in the current transmission frame is Sumlen, and Sumlen includes the effective data quantity carried by the current transmission frame. The effective data quantity carried by the current transmission frame is Plen. The fourth accumulated value of the effective data quantity indicated by the fourth data quantity accumulation indicator overhead in the previous frame is Sumlen_last. When the effective data quantity carried by the previous frame is Plen_last, the position of the last frame header in the current transmission frame and the position of the first frame header in the current transmission frame can be calculated by the following formulas respectively.

[0133] It is understandable that Sumlen_last is the fourth accumulated value of the effective data amount of the fourth data amount accumulated with the overhead indication of the previous transmission frame containing the frame header received before the current transmission frame, and Plen_last is the effective data amount carried by the previous transmission frame containing the frame header received before the current transmission frame.

[0134] Specifically, the position fp_last of the last frame header in the current transmission frame is represented by the following formula (5).

[0135] fp_last=Plen-(((Sumlen-Plen)-(Sumlen_last-Plen_last+Plen_last)

[0136] +Plen+(Plen_last-fp_last+1))%239)+1(5)

[0137] After simplification, equation (5) is expressed as equation (6) below.

[0138] fp_last=Plen-(Sumlen-Sumlen_last+Plen_last-fp_last +1)%239+1 (6)

[0139] Where 239 represents the number of 3824 / 16 data blocks in a line of fgODUflex, that is, the interval between two frame headers.

[0140] Specifically, the position of the first frame header in the current frame, fp_first, is represented by the following formula (7).

[0141] fp_first=239-((Sumlen-Plen)-(Sumlen_last-Plen_last+Plen_last)+(Plen_last-fp_last+1))%239+1(7)

[0142] After simplification, equation (7) is expressed as equation (8) below.

[0143] fp_first=240-(Sumlen-Plen-Sumlen_last+Plen_last-fp_last+1)%239 (8)

[0144] It is understandable that Sumlen_last is the fourth accumulated value of the effective data amount of the fourth data amount accumulated with the overhead indication of the previous transmission frame containing the frame header received before the current transmission frame, and Plen_last is the effective data amount carried by the previous transmission frame containing the frame header received before the current transmission frame.

[0145] It should be noted that if the calculated value of fp_last or fp_first is greater than Plen in the above calculation, it indicates that the current transmission frame does not contain a frame header. The frame header position needs to be calculated in subsequent transmission frames until the calculated value of fp_last or fp_first is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Plen.

[0146] It should be noted that before the receiving node calculates the amount of lost data, the receiving node needs to synchronize the data accumulation indication overhead included in the current transmission frame. That is, the data compensation of the receiving node ensures that the receiving node and the sending node are in a synchronized state. Here, being in a synchronized state between the receiving node and the sending node can be understood as the receiving node receiving the same value of the data accumulation indication overhead in the transmission frame as the sending node sends. At this point, method 800 further includes the following steps.

[0147] S803, the receiving node determines that the value of the accumulated indication overhead of the data amount included in the current transmission frame is synchronized.

[0148] In the first possible implementation, if the first accumulated value of the effective data quantity indicated by the first data quantity accumulation indication overhead included in the current transmission frame does not include the effective data quantity carried by the current transmission frame, the receiving node calculates that for M consecutive transmission frames, the following condition is always met: when the sum of the first accumulated value of the first data quantity accumulation indication overhead included in the received current transmission frame and the effective data quantity carried by the current transmission frame is equal to the fifth accumulated value of the effective data quantity indicated by the fifth data quantity accumulation indication overhead included in the next transmission frame, the receiving node determines that the value of the first data quantity accumulation indication overhead included in the current transmission frame is synchronized with the sending node. For example, taking the transmission frame XGEM as an example, if the first accumulated value of the effective data quantity indicated by the first data quantity accumulation indicator overhead in the current transmission frame XGEM_curr is XGEM_curr_Sumlen, the effective data quantity carried by the current transmission frame is XGEM_curr_Plen, and the fifth accumulated value of the effective data quantity indicated by the fifth data quantity accumulation indicator overhead in the next transmission frame expected by the receiving node is XGEM_exp_Sumlen, then for the M transmission frames continuously received by the receiving node, XGEM_exp_Sumlen = XGEM_curr_Sumlen + XGEM_curr_Plen is always satisfied.

[0149] In the second possible implementation, if the first accumulated value of the effective data amount indicated by the first data amount accumulation indication overhead included in the current transmission frame includes the effective data amount carried by the current transmission frame, the receiving node calculates that for M consecutive transmission frames, the following condition is always met: when the difference between the first accumulated value of the first data amount accumulation indication overhead included in the received current transmission frame and the effective data amount carried by the current transmission frame is equal to the sixth accumulated value of the effective data amount indicated by the sixth data amount accumulation indication overhead included in the previous transmission frame received by the receiving node, the receiving node determines that the value of the first data amount accumulation indication overhead included in the current transmission frame is synchronized with the sending node. For example, taking the transmission frame XGEM as an example, if the first accumulated value of the effective data quantity indicated by the first data quantity accumulation indicator overhead in the current transmission frame XGEM_curr is XGEM_curr_Sumlen, the effective data quantity carried by the current transmission frame is XGEM_curr_Plen, and the sixth accumulated value of the effective data quantity indicated by the sixth data quantity accumulation indicator overhead in the previous transmission frame received by the receiving node is XGEM_last_Sumlen, then for the M transmission frames continuously received by the receiving node, XGEM_curr_Sumlen = XGEM_last_Sumlen + XGEM_curr_Plen is always satisfied.

[0150] Specifically, when the receiving node determines that the value of the first data amount accumulation indication overhead included in the current transmission frame is synchronized, the receiving node determines that the value of the first data amount accumulation indication overhead included in the current transmission frame is trustworthy. Subsequently, when a portion of the transmission frame is lost, the effective data amount carried in the lost transmission frame can be calculated based on the first accumulated value of the effective data amount in the current transmission frame, the third accumulated value of the effective data amount in the received previous transmission frame, and the effective data amount carried in the current transmission frame (or the effective data amount carried in the previous frame).

[0151] To further improve system performance, when the overhead included in the transmission frame, such as JCOH, also includes check overhead, the receiving node can simultaneously verify whether the accumulated value in the M frame is accurate and whether the check overhead in JCOH is correct. If the check overhead is correct and the accumulated value is correct, the receiving node confirms that it has entered the synchronization state.

[0152] It should be noted that the number of transmission frames verified by the receiving node during synchronization confirmation, i.e., the value of M mentioned above, is related to the current network status of the system. For example, in some scenarios, when the network status is relatively good, in order to improve the synchronization efficiency between the receiving node and the sending node, the value of M can be set to a smaller value, such as 3. When the solution of this application is applied to a PON system, the value of M can be configured through the PON physical layer operations, administration, and maintenance (PLOAM) or the operations, maintenance, and configuration interface (OMCI) management channel, or defined by a default value. This application does not impose any restrictions.

[0153] To enable real-time monitoring of the system and to promptly locate and take measures when a system failure occurs, thereby reducing the impact of the failure on business operations, this application also provides an alarm method that can enhance system security.

[0154] Figure 11 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating an alarm method 1100 provided in an embodiment of this application. The method is executed by a receiving node, wherein the steps performed by the receiving node can be executed by a module or unit within the receiving node, for example, by a chip within the receiving node. Specifically, the method includes the following multiple steps.

[0155] S1101, the receiving node calculates the amount of lost data based on the first data amount accumulation indication overhead included in the current transmission frame, wherein the first data amount accumulation indication overhead indicates the first accumulation value of the effective data amount carried by N transmission frames, and the N transmission frames include transmission frames sent before the current transmission frame, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

[0156] Specifically, S1101 can be referred to the above. Figure 8 The relevant explanations in S801 are not repeated here.

[0157] S1102, the receiving node reports a first alarm to the sending node, which indicates that data is lost.

[0158] In some embodiments, after the receiving node enters the synchronization state, if the receiving node determines that data loss has occurred, it sends a first alarm to the sending node, indicating data loss. To enable the sending node to know the amount of data loss in real time, the first alarm may optionally include multiple alarm levels, where different levels correspond to different amounts of lost data, or different levels correspond to different ranges of lost data. Optionally, for different services, different correspondences between alarm levels and amounts of lost data (or ranges of lost data) can be set.

[0159] In other embodiments, when the receiving node calculates that the amount of lost data is greater than or equal to a first alarm threshold, the receiving node reports a first alarm to the sending node. It is understood that in this scenario, if the amount of lost data is less than the first alarm threshold, the receiving node does not need to send a first alarm to the sending node, thereby saving system transmission resources.

[0160] Understandably, for scenarios with a small amount of lost data, after the receiving node reports the first alarm to the sending node, the receiving node can compensate for the amount of data lost in the transmission frame to ensure that the valid data carried in the subsequent transmission frames after compensation is the correct service data. However, in some scenarios, even after the receiving node compensates for the amount of data lost in the transmission frame, it cannot guarantee that the valid data carried in the subsequent transmission frames after compensation is the correct service data. In such scenarios, the receiving node can also report a second alarm to the sending node, indicating that the compensation for the lost data has failed. Optionally, the method 1100 may further include S1103.

[0161] S1103, the receiving node reports a second alarm to the sending node, which indicates that the compensation for the amount of lost data has failed.

[0162] The receiving node reports a second alarm to the sending node when the amount of lost data is significant, for example, when the amount of lost data is greater than or equal to the second alarm threshold, or when data compensation is not completed within a preset time, or when the receiving node is in a state of being out of step. In this application, the state of being out of step corresponds to the state of being synchronized. Specifically, when the receiving node enters the state of being synchronized, if the receiving node calculates that even after data compensation, data loss still occurs in N consecutive transmission frames, the receiving node determines that it is in a state of being out of step. At this time, the receiving node considers the value of the first data accumulation indication overhead included in the current transmission frame to be unreliable, that is, the value of the first data accumulation indication overhead included in the current transmission frame has generated bit errors. It is understandable that the value of N is related to the current network state of the system. For example, when the network environment is poor, such as with high congestion and extremely high bit error rate, in order to reduce the time the receiving node is in a state of being out of step and improve transmission efficiency, the value of N can be set to be smaller, for example, to 5. When the solution of this application is applied to a PON system, the value of N can be configured through the PON PLOAM or OMCI management channel, or defined by a default value, etc., and this application does not impose any restrictions.

[0163] It should be noted that when the receiving node reports the second alarm to the sending node, the transmission of business data may be interrupted because the amount of lost data cannot be compensated normally, and troubleshooting is required.

[0164] Figure 12 This application provides a schematic diagram of a chip system 1200. The chip system 1200 (or processing system) includes logic circuitry 1210 and an input / output interface 1220.

[0165] The logic circuit 1210 can be a processing circuit in the chip system 1200. The logic circuit 1210 can be coupled to a memory unit, calling instructions from the memory unit, enabling the chip system 1200 to implement the methods and functions of the embodiments of this application. The input / output interface 1220 can be an input / output circuit in the chip system 1200, outputting processed information from the chip system 1200, or inputting data or signaling information to be processed into the chip system 1200 for processing.

[0166] Optionally, the logic circuit 1210 may be implemented by one or more processors, including the one or more processors or the processing portion of the one or more processors.

[0167] Optionally, the input / output interface 1220 may include transceiver circuitry, a transceiver, input / output circuitry, or a communication interface.

[0168] As one approach, the chip system 1200 is used to implement the operations performed by the sending node or the receiving node in the various method embodiments described above.

[0169] Specifically, the logic circuit 1210 is used to implement the processing-related operations performed by the sending node or the receiving node in the above method embodiment; the input / output interface 1220 is used to implement the sending and / or receiving-related operations performed by the sending node or the receiving node in the above method embodiment.

[0170] Figure 13 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a system 13. The system includes the aforementioned OLT 134 and ONU 131. When the system performs uplink transmission, the ONU 131 can execute the above-described embodiments. Figure 4 The OLT 134 can perform any steps executed by the sending node. Figure 4 The receiving node can perform any of the steps described above. Alternatively, the OLT 134 can perform the above embodiments when the system is performing downlink transmissions. Figure 4 The ONU 131 can perform any steps executed by the sending node. Figure 4 Any steps performed by the receiving node. These will not be detailed here.

[0171] Figure 14 This is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 1400 for transmitting transmission frames, provided in an embodiment of this application. The apparatus 1400 includes a receiving module 1401, which can be used to implement corresponding receiving functions. The receiving module 1401 can also be referred to as a receiving unit.

[0172] The device 1400 for sending transmission frames also includes a processing module 1402, which can be used to implement corresponding processing functions.

[0173] The device 1400 for sending transmission frames also includes a sending module 1403, which can be used to implement the corresponding sending function. The sending module 1403 can also be called a sending unit.

[0174] Optionally, the means 1400 for sending transmission frames further includes a storage unit, which can be used to store instructions and / or data. The processing unit 1402 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage unit so that the means can implement the actions of the relevant nodes in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0175] The device 1400 for sending transmission frames can be used to perform the actions performed by the sending node or receiving node in the various method embodiments described above. In this case, the device 1400 for sending transmission frames can be a component of the sending node or receiving node. The receiving module 1401 is used to perform receiving-related operations of the sending node or receiving node in the method embodiments described above. The processing module 1402 is used to perform processing-related operations of the sending node or receiving node in the method embodiments described above. The sending module 1403 is used to perform sending-related operations of the sending node or receiving node in the method embodiments described above.

[0176] As a design, the means 1400 for sending transmission frames is used to perform the actions performed by any node in the various method embodiments described above. In one embodiment, the means 1400 for sending transmission frames can be used to perform the aforementioned... Figure 4 Operations of the sending node. For example:

[0177] The processing module 1402 is used to map OTN frames to intermediate frames and to map intermediate frames to the current transmission frame, wherein the effective data amount carried by the current transmission frame is the same as the effective data amount carried by the intermediate frame.

[0178] The sending module 1403 is used to send the current transmission frame. The current transmission frame includes a first data volume accumulation indication overhead. The first data volume accumulation indication overhead indicates the first accumulation value of the effective data volume carried by N transmission frames. The N transmission frames include transmission frames sent before the current transmission frame, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

[0179] It should be understood that the specific process of each module performing the above-mentioned steps has been described in detail in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0180] In addition, the receiving module 1401, processing module 1402 and sending module 1403 in the device 1400 for sending transmission frames can also implement other operations or functions of the receiving node in the above method, which will not be described in detail here.

[0181] In another embodiment, the device can be used to perform the above. Figure 4 The operations of the receiving node. For example:

[0182] The receiving module 1401 is used to receive the current transmission frame. The current transmission frame includes a first data volume accumulation indication overhead. The first data volume accumulation indication overhead indicates the first accumulation value of the effective data volume carried by N transmission frames. The N transmission frames include transmission frames sent before the current transmission frame, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

[0183] The processing module 1402 is used to demap from the current transmission frame to obtain an intermediate frame, wherein the effective data amount carried by the current transmission frame is the same as the effective data amount carried by the intermediate frame, and to demap from the intermediate frame to obtain an OTN frame.

[0184] It should be understood that the specific process of each module performing the above-mentioned steps has been described in detail in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0185] Next, combined Figure 15 This application provides a detailed description of the apparatus for transmitting transmission frames according to embodiments. It should be understood that the descriptions of the apparatus embodiments correspond to the descriptions of the method embodiments. Therefore, details not described in detail can be found in the above method embodiments; for brevity, some details are omitted.

[0186] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a possible device for sending transmission frames, provided as an embodiment of this application. The communication device is either a sending node or a receiving node. Figure 15 As shown, the communication device 1500 includes a processor 1501, an optical transceiver 1502, and a memory 1503. The memory 1503 is optional. The communication device 1500 can be applied to both transmitting-side devices (e.g., transmitting nodes) and receiving-side devices (e.g., the receiving node described above).

[0187] When applied to the transmitting side device, the processor 1501 and the optical transceiver 1502 are used to implement... Figure 4 The method performed by the transmitting node shown is illustrated. In implementation, each step of the processing flow can be accomplished by integrated logic circuitry in the hardware of the processor 1501 or by instructions in software form. The optical transceiver 1502 is used to receive and process transmitted data frames for transmission to the peer node (also called the receiving node).

[0188] When applied to a receiving-side device, the processor 1501 and the optical transceiver 1502 are used to implement... Figure 4 The method performed by the receiving node shown is illustrated. In implementation, each step of the processing flow can be accomplished by the integrated logic circuitry in the hardware of the processor 1501 or by software instructions, thus fulfilling the method performed by the receiving node as described in the aforementioned figures. The optical transceiver 1502 is used to receive data frames sent by the peer device (also known as the transmitting node) and then forward them to the processor 1501 for further processing.

[0189] Memory 1503 can be used to store instructions so that processor 1501 can perform the steps mentioned in the above figure. Alternatively, memory 1503 can also be used to store other instructions to configure parameters of processor 1501 to achieve corresponding functions.

[0190] It should be noted that processor 1501 and memory 1503 are in Figure 3 In the network device hardware structure diagram, the processor 1501 may be located in a tributary board, or it may be located in a single board that combines tributary and line circuitry. Alternatively, multiple processors 1501 and memory 1503 may be included, located on the tributary board and line circuitry board respectively, with the two boards working together to complete the aforementioned method steps.

[0191] It should be noted that, Figure 15 The device described above can also be used to perform the method steps involved in the variations of the embodiments shown in the foregoing figures, which will not be repeated here.

[0192] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for implementing the methods executed by the sending node or the receiving node in the above-described method embodiments.

[0193] For example, when the computer program is executed by a computer, it enables the computer to implement the methods described in the embodiments above, which are executed by the sending node or the receiving node.

[0194] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. This storage medium stores a software program, which, when read and executed by one or more processors, can implement the methods provided in any one or more of the above embodiments. The computer-readable storage medium may include various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, portable hard drive, read-only memory, random access memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0195] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of this application without departing from the scope of the embodiments of this application. Therefore, if these modifications and variations to the embodiments of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

[0196] It should be understood that the processor mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0197] It should also be understood that the memory mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM). For example, RAM can be used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, RAM can include a variety of forms, such as: static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0198] It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) can be integrated into the processor.

[0199] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application; such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of protection of this application.

[0200] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of apparatus or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0201] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. For example, the computer can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., DVDs), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state disks, SSDs). For example, the aforementioned available media may include, but are not limited to, various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0202] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for transmitting a transmission frame, characterized in that, include: Send the current transmission frame, which includes a first data volume accumulation indication overhead. The first data volume accumulation indication overhead indicates a first accumulation value of the effective data volume carried by N transmission frames. The N transmission frames include transmission frames sent before the current transmission frame, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The N transmission frames are N transmission frames sent before the current transmission frame. The first accumulated value is the sum of the second accumulated value of the second data amount accumulated indication overhead of the first transmission frame and the effective data amount carried by the first transmission frame. The first transmission frame is the previous transmission frame adjacent to the current transmission frame. or, The N transmission frames are (N-1) transmission frames sent before the current transmission frame and the current transmission frame. The first accumulated value is the sum of the second accumulated value of the second data amount accumulated indication overhead included in the first transmission frame and the effective data amount carried by the current transmission frame. The first transmission frame is the previous transmission frame adjacent to the current transmission frame.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first data accumulation indication overhead occupies 16 bits.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The current transmission frame includes adjustment control overhead, which includes the first data volume accumulation indication overhead.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjustment control overhead occupies 8 bytes.

6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The adjustment control overhead also includes data volume indication overhead, which indicates the effective data volume carried by the current transmission frame.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The data volume indicator overhead occupies 8 bits.

8. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that, The adjustment control overhead also includes frame sequence indication overhead, which indicates the frame sequence indication of the currently transmitted frame.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The frame sequence indicates that the overhead occupies 8 bits.

10. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that, The adjustment and control overhead also includes verification overhead.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The verification overhead occupies 13 bits.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, The verification overhead is header error verification or cyclic redundancy check.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, Before sending the current transmission frame, the method further includes: Map optical transport network frames to intermediate frames; The intermediate frame is mapped to the current transmission frame, and the effective data amount carried by the current transmission frame is the same as the effective data amount carried by the intermediate frame.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The current transmission frame is a passive optical network frame.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The passive optical network frame is a 10 Gigabit symmetric passive optical network encapsulation mode frame.

16. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that, The intermediate frame is a business data unit frame.

17. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that, The optical transport network frame is a fine-grained flexible optical data unit frame.

18. A method for transmitting a transmission frame, characterized in that, include: Receive the current transmission frame, the current transmission frame includes a first data volume accumulation indication overhead, the first data volume accumulation indication overhead indicates a first accumulation value of the effective data volume carried by N transmission frames, the N transmission frames include transmission frames received before the current transmission frame, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The N transmission frames are N transmission frames received before the current transmission frame. The first accumulated value is the sum of the second accumulated value of the second data amount accumulated indication overhead included in the first transmission frame and the effective data amount carried by the first transmission frame. The first transmission frame is the previous transmission frame adjacent to the current transmission frame. or, The N transmission frames are (N-1) transmission frames received before the current transmission frame and the current transmission frame. The first accumulated value is the sum of the second accumulated value of the second data amount accumulated indication overhead included in the first transmission frame and the effective data amount carried by the current transmission frame. The first transmission frame is the previous transmission frame adjacent to the current transmission frame.

20. The method according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that, The first data accumulation indication overhead occupies 16 bits.

21. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that, The current transmission frame includes adjustment control overhead, which includes the first data volume accumulation indication overhead.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that, The adjustment control overhead occupies 8 bytes.

23. The method according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that, The adjustment control overhead also includes data volume indication overhead, which indicates the effective data volume carried by the current transmission frame.

24. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that, The data volume indicator overhead occupies 8 bits.

25. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 24, characterized in that, The adjustment control overhead also includes frame sequence indication overhead, which indicates the frame sequence indication of the currently transmitted frame.

26. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that, The frame sequence indicates that the overhead occupies 8 bits.

27. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 26, characterized in that, The adjustment and control overhead also includes verification overhead.

28. The method according to claim 27, characterized in that, The verification overhead occupies 13 bits.

29. The method according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that, The verification overhead is header error verification or cyclic redundancy check.

30. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 29, characterized in that, The method further includes: An intermediate frame is obtained by demapping from the current transmission frame, and the effective data amount carried by the current transmission frame is the same as the effective data amount carried by the intermediate frame. The optical transport network frame is obtained by demapping from the intermediate frame.

31. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 30, characterized in that, The current transmission frame is a passive optical network frame.

32. The method according to claim 31, characterized in that, The passive optical network frame is a 10 Gigabit symmetric passive optical network encapsulation mode frame.

33. The method according to any one of claims 30 to 32, characterized in that, The intermediate frame is a business data unit frame.

34. The method according to any one of claims 30 to 33, characterized in that, The optical transport network frame is a fine-grained flexible optical data unit frame.

35. A network device, characterized in that, include: A processor and an input / output interface for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 17, or for performing the method as described in any one of claims 18 to 34, wherein... The input / output interface is used to send and receive the current transmission frame; The processor is used to process the current transmission frame.

36. An optical module, characterized in that, include: Signal processor and optical emission assembly, among which, The signal processor is configured to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 17; The optical transmitting component is used to convert the current transmission frame into an optical signal and transmit the optical signal.

37. An optical module, characterized in that, include: Signal processor and optical emission assembly, among which, The optical transmitting component is used to receive optical signals and convert the optical signals into the current transmission frame; The signal processor is configured to perform the method as described in any one of claims 18 to 34.

38. A chip, characterized in that, include: A processor and a communication interface for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 17, or for performing the method as described in any one of claims 18 to 34, wherein, The communication interface is used to send and receive the current transmission frame; The processor is used to process the current transmission frame.

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