Display panel and display device

Abstract

The invention discloses a display panel and a display device. The display panel comprises a plurality of light-emitting elements located on one side of a substrate, the light-emitting elements comprise first light-emitting elements and second light-emitting elements, the first light-emitting elements emit light in a shared mode, and the second light-emitting elements emit light in a peep-proof mode. The light blocking layer is located on the side, away from the substrate, of the light emitting element and comprises a plurality of light blocking structures. In the first direction, light blocking structures are distributed on the two opposite sides of the first light-emitting element, and light blocking structures are distributed on the two opposite sides of the second light-emitting element. In the second direction, light blocking structures are distributed on the two opposite sides of the first light-emitting element, light blocking structures are distributed on the two opposite sides of the second light-emitting element, and the first direction intersects with the second direction. According to the display panel and the display device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the light blocking structures are correspondingly arranged on the periphery of the first light-emitting element, so that large-angle stray light of the area where the first light-emitting element is located is inhibited, and the peep-proof effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of display technology, and more particularly to a display panel and display device. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demand for information security in applications such as automotive displays, mobile terminals, and financial payments, display panels with privacy features are attracting more and more attention. Traditional privacy solutions mostly rely on external optical films (such as micro blind films), which can limit the viewing angle, but have problems such as low transmittance, large brightness loss at the front viewing angle, high cost, and difficulty in dynamically switching between shared and privacy modes.

[0003] To overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings, in recent years the industry has proposed to integrate a dual-mode sub-pixel structure inside the display panel, that is, to set up a "shared sub-pixel" for wide-viewing-angle display and a "peeping-proof sub-pixel" for narrow-viewing-angle display within the same pixel, and to achieve mode switching through independent driving.

[0004] However, when existing display panels switch to privacy mode, some stray light may still escape at a large angle, making it difficult to meet the privacy standards required for high-security scenarios such as automotive and financial applications. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a display panel and display device to solve the problem of stray light leakage in privacy mode and improve the privacy effect.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a display panel is provided, comprising: Substrate; A plurality of light-emitting elements are located on one side of the substrate, the light-emitting elements including a first light-emitting element and a second light-emitting element; the first light-emitting element emits light in a shared mode, and the second light-emitting element emits light in a privacy mode; A light-blocking layer is located on the side of the light-emitting element away from the substrate, and the light-blocking layer includes multiple light-blocking structures; Along the first direction, the light-blocking structure is distributed on both sides of the first light-emitting element, and the light-blocking structure is distributed on both sides of the second light-emitting element. Along the second direction, the light-blocking structure is distributed on both sides of the first light-emitting element, and the light-blocking structure is distributed on both sides of the second light-emitting element. The first direction is parallel to the plane where the substrate is located, the second direction is parallel to the plane where the substrate is located, and the first direction intersects the second direction.

[0007] According to another aspect of the present invention, a display device is provided, comprising the display panel described in the first aspect.

[0008] The technical solution of this invention provides that by setting light-blocking structures around the first light-emitting element, large-angle stray light in the area where the first light-emitting element is located can be suppressed, so that in the privacy mode, the unexpected light emitted from the area where the first light-emitting element is located can be controlled at a low level, thereby improving the privacy effect.

[0009] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0010] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram at point A; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the B-B' direction; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram at point C; Figure 5 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A partially enlarged structural diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 A partial structural schematic diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 A partial cross-sectional structural diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 A partial structural schematic diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 A partial structural schematic diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 A partial cross-sectional structural diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 A partial cross-sectional structural diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 A partial cross-sectional structural diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 16 A partial cross-sectional structural diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 17 A partial cross-sectional structural diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 18 A partial cross-sectional structural diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 19 A partial structural schematic diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 20 A partial structural schematic diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0012] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0013] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0014] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the B-B' direction. Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram at point C, as shown below. Figures 1-4 As shown, the display panel provided in this embodiment of the invention includes: Substrate 10.

[0015] Multiple light-emitting elements 20 are located on one side of the substrate 10. The light-emitting elements 20 include a first light-emitting element 201 and a second light-emitting element 202. The first light-emitting element 201 emits light in a shared mode, and the second light-emitting element 202 emits light in a privacy mode.

[0016] The light-blocking layer 30 is located on the side of the light-emitting element 20 away from the substrate 10, and the light-blocking layer 30 includes a plurality of light-blocking structures 300.

[0017] Along the first direction X, light-blocking structures 300 are distributed on both sides of the first light-emitting element 201, and light-blocking structures 300 are distributed on both sides of the second light-emitting element 202.

[0018] Along the second direction Y, light-blocking structures 300 are distributed on both sides of the first light-emitting element 201, and light-blocking structures 300 are distributed on both sides of the second light-emitting element 202.

[0019] The first direction X is parallel to the plane where the substrate 10 is located, the second direction Y is parallel to the plane where the substrate 10 is located, and the first direction X and the second direction Y intersect.

[0020] Specifically, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, the substrate 10 can be a flexible or rigid substrate, such as a glass substrate, a polyimide (PI) substrate, etc., used to support the functional layer structure of the entire display panel.

[0021] A plurality of light-emitting elements 20 are disposed on one side of the substrate 10. The light-emitting elements 20 can be organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), micro light-emitting diodes (Micro LEDs), or mini light-emitting diodes (Mini LEDs), but are not limited to these.

[0022] For example, such as Figure 4As shown, taking an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) as an example, the light-emitting element 20 may include an anode 2010, a light-emitting layer 2020, and a cathode 2030 stacked together. When electrons and holes are injected into the light-emitting layer 2020 from the cathode 2030 and the anode 2010, respectively, excitons are formed within the light-emitting layer 2020, exciting the light-emitting molecules and causing the light-emitting layer 2020 to emit visible light. Different colors of visible light can be emitted by using different materials in the light-emitting layer 2020.

[0023] In some embodiments, the light-emitting element 20 may include a red light-emitting element, a green light-emitting element, and a blue light-emitting element to achieve color image display; in other embodiments, the light-emitting element 20 may also include a white light-emitting element, etc., and the embodiments of the present invention do not specifically limit this.

[0024] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, the display panel also includes an array layer 11 located on one side of the substrate 10. The array layer 11 is provided with a plurality of pixel driving circuits 21, and each pixel driving circuit 21 can be connected to at least one light-emitting element 20 to form a sub-pixel of the display panel. The pixel driving circuit 21 is used to transmit the light-emitting driving current to the light-emitting element 20 under the action of the signal lines (such as scan signal lines, data signal lines, power supply voltage signal lines, etc.) on the display panel, thereby providing driving current to the light-emitting element 20 to drive the light-emitting element 20 to emit light.

[0025] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the pixel driving circuit 21 includes at least one transistor T. The transistor T may include an active layer 1, a gate 2, and source / drain electrodes 3 stacked on one side of the substrate 10. A gate insulating layer 111 is disposed between the active layer 1 and the gate 2, an interlayer insulating layer 112 is disposed between the gate 2 and the source / drain electrodes 3, and a planarization layer 113 is disposed between the source / drain electrodes 3 and the light-emitting element 20, to provide electrical isolation and planarization, ensuring the normal operation of the transistor T.

[0026] In addition, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the display panel may further include a pixel definition layer 12, which is located on the side of the planarization layer 113 facing away from the substrate 10. Along a direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10, the openings on the pixel definition layer 12 and the light-emitting elements 20 at least partially overlap. The pixel definition layer 12 isolates the individual light-emitting elements 20 from each other, effectively preventing current leakage and optical crosstalk between adjacent pixels, thus contributing to improved display quality.

[0027] It should be noted that the pixel driving circuit 21 may include 3T1C circuit, 7T1C circuit, 8T1C circuit and 8T2C circuit, etc., wherein the 3T1C circuit means that the pixel driving circuit 10 includes 3 transistors and 1 capacitor, the 7T1C circuit means that the pixel driving circuit 10 includes 7 transistors and 1 capacitor, the 8T1C circuit means that the pixel driving circuit 10 includes 8 transistors and 1 capacitor, and the 8T2C circuit means that the pixel driving circuit 10 includes 8 transistors and 2 capacitors, but it is not limited to these.

[0028] Furthermore, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, the light-emitting element 20 includes a first light-emitting element 201 and a second light-emitting element 202. The first light-emitting element 201 is used to work in the sharing mode, that is, to provide users with high-brightness and wide-viewing-angle image information in the normal viewing state. The second light-emitting element 202 is used to work in the privacy mode, and to block the information of onlookers by limiting the light emission angle, thereby improving the privacy protection capability.

[0029] Understandably, shared mode refers to a display panel presenting images to the user within a normal viewing angle range (such as within ±50° to the left and right), allowing multiple viewers at different angles to clearly see the screen content.

[0030] Privacy mode means that the display panel only allows users directly in front (or within a very narrow angle) to see the screen content, while the screen content becomes blurry, darkened or even completely invisible when viewed from the side (such as beyond 45° to the left or right), thereby protecting user privacy.

[0031] Optionally, in shared mode, only the first light-emitting element 201 is driven to light up, while the second light-emitting element 202 remains off (does not emit light); in privacy mode, only the second light-emitting element 202 is lit up, while the first light-emitting element 201 remains off (does not emit light), in order to avoid crosstalk and optimize power consumption and display effect.

[0032] Furthermore, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, the light-blocking layer 30 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting element 20 and is composed of multiple light-blocking structures 300. The light-blocking structure 300 can be made of light-absorbing material, for example, using the same black light-blocking material used in Black Matrix (BM) to have high light absorption and good patterning ability.

[0033] Multiple light-blocking structures 300 are arranged in an array in a plane parallel to the substrate 10, forming independent light-emitting openings around each first light-emitting element 201 and second light-emitting element 202.

[0034] Specifically, such as Figure 2As shown, in the first direction X (e.g., the horizontal direction) parallel to the plane of the substrate 10, light-blocking structures 300 are distributed on both the left and right sides of the first light-emitting element 201, and light-blocking structures 300 are also distributed on both the left and right sides of the second light-emitting element 202. Similarly, in the second direction Y (e.g., the vertical direction), light-blocking structures 300 are also distributed on both the upper and lower sides of the first light-emitting element 201 and the upper and lower sides of the second light-emitting element 202. With this arrangement, each first light-emitting element 201 and each second light-emitting element 202 is surrounded by four light-blocking structures 300, which are located on both sides along the first direction X and the second direction Y, respectively.

[0035] In this design, the first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular to each other (or they can be other intersecting angles; in this embodiment, an orthogonal layout is used to match the pixel array arrangement), together forming an all-around light-shielding design in a two-dimensional plane.

[0036] Optionally, the size of the light-emitting opening surrounding the second light-emitting element 202 is smaller than the size of the light-emitting opening surrounding the first light-emitting element 201, so as to achieve a narrower light emission angle.

[0037] The second light-emitting element 202 is surrounded by light-blocking structures 300 on both sides along the first direction X and the second direction Y. Specifically, light-blocking structures 300 are positioned around the second light-emitting element 202 (up, down, left, and right directions). Since the light-blocking structures 300 are made of highly absorbent material, large-angle light emitted by the second light-emitting element 202 is absorbed or blocked by adjacent light-blocking structures 300 during propagation. Only light with a smaller exit angle (e.g., within ±45° of the normal direction) can effectively exit through the light-emitting opening. Therefore, the displayed content can be clearly observed when viewed directly, while at larger viewing angles (e.g., beyond ±45°), the brightness is significantly reduced or even invisible, thus achieving a privacy protection effect.

[0038] It is worth noting that in this invention, not only is the second light-emitting element 202 surrounded by the light-blocking structure 300, but the first light-emitting element 201 is also surrounded by the light-blocking structure 300.

[0039] Specifically, the inventors discovered that, to ensure a wide viewing angle display effect in shared mode, a light-blocking structure 300 is typically not placed around the first light-emitting element 201. This allows stray light generated by the light-emitting element 20 to leak from the area covered by the non-light-blocking structure 300 towards the wide viewing angle. Especially when switching to privacy mode, although the light-blocking structure 300 adjacent to the second light-emitting element 202 absorbs or blocks most of the wide-angle light, stray light from the area where the first light-emitting element 201 is located may still be emitted at an angle greater than 45°, causing an abnormal increase in brightness in the side-view direction. Actual measurements show that at a 45° viewing angle, the brightness contributed by stray light can reach more than 3% of the normal main viewing angle brightness, far exceeding the privacy standard of less than 0.5% required for high-security scenarios such as automotive applications, seriously affecting the privacy display effect.

[0040] To address the aforementioned issues, in this embodiment of the invention, the coverage area of ​​the light-blocking structure 300 is maximized while ensuring that the user's primary viewing experience in shared mode remains unaffected. Specifically, light-blocking structures 300 are distributed on opposite sides of the first light-emitting element 201 along the first direction X (e.g., horizontal) and the second direction Y (e.g., vertical), meaning that light-blocking structures 300 are correspondingly provided around the first light-emitting element 201 (in the up, down, left, and right directions of the first light-emitting element 201). Through this design, large-angle stray light in the area where the first light-emitting element 201 is located can be significantly suppressed. Even in privacy mode, unintended light from this area can be controlled at a low level, reducing the stray light brightness ratio at a 45° viewing angle from over 3% to below 0.5%, meeting vehicle privacy standards.

[0041] In summary, the display panel provided in this embodiment of the invention suppresses large-angle stray light in the area where the first light-emitting element is located by setting light-blocking structures around the first light-emitting element, so that in the privacy mode, the unexpected light emitted from the area where the first light-emitting element is located can be controlled at a low level, thereby improving the privacy effect.

[0042] Optional, such as Figure 2 As shown, the vertical projection of the light-blocking structure 300 on the substrate 10 surrounds the vertical projection of the first light-emitting element 201 on the substrate 10; the vertical projection of the light-blocking structure 300 on the substrate 10 surrounds the vertical projection of the second light-emitting element 202 on the substrate 10.

[0043] Specifically, such as Figure 2As shown, the light-blocking structure 300 is arranged in a continuous or intermittent ring, frame or grid pattern, so that each light-emitting element 20 (whether it is the first light-emitting element 201 for the sharing mode or the second light-emitting element 202 for the privacy mode) is surrounded by the light-blocking structure 300. This surrounding layout can effectively block stray light leaking from the side of the light-emitting element 20. Especially in the privacy mode, it can significantly improve the viewing angle control capability and avoid light leakage from unexpected directions.

[0044] Optional, such as Figure 2 As shown, along the first direction X, the light-blocking structure 300 includes a first light-blocking structure 301 located on opposite sides of the first light-emitting element 201, and a second light-blocking structure 302 located on opposite sides of the second light-emitting element 202. The distance between the first light-blocking structure 301 and the first light-emitting element 201 is greater than the distance between the second light-blocking structure 302 and the second light-emitting element 202. Along the second direction Y, the light-blocking structure 300 further includes a third light-blocking structure 303 located on opposite sides of the first light-emitting element 201, and a fourth light-blocking structure 304 located on opposite sides of the second light-emitting element 202.

[0045] Among them, such as Figure 2 As shown, along the first direction X and the second direction Y, the light-blocking structure 300 is configured differently for different types of light-emitting elements 20.

[0046] Specifically, the first light-blocking structure 301 in the light-blocking structure 300 is located on opposite sides (such as left and right sides) of the first light-emitting element 201 along the first direction X, and the third light-blocking structure 303 is located on opposite sides (such as top and bottom sides) of the first light-emitting element 201 along the second direction Y. The first light-blocking structure 301 and the third light-blocking structure 303 are used to control the light emission angle of the first light-emitting element 201 in the shared mode.

[0047] Among them, such as Figure 2 As shown, multiple light-emitting elements 20 are arranged in a matrix along a first direction X (e.g., row direction) and a second direction Y (e.g., column direction). The first light-blocking structure 301 can be understood as a light-blocking structure 300 aligned with the first light-emitting element 201 in the first direction X and located on opposite sides of it. The first light-blocking structure 301 is alternately arranged with the first light-emitting element 201 in the first direction X (e.g., row direction) to control its light emission from the left and right sides. The third light-blocking structure 303 can be understood as a light-blocking structure 300 aligned with the first light-emitting element 201 in the second direction Y and located on opposite sides of it. The third light-blocking structure 303 is alternately arranged with the first light-emitting element 201 in the second direction Y (e.g., column direction) to control its light emission from the top and bottom sides.

[0048] Furthermore, the second light-blocking structure 302 in the light-blocking structure 300 is located on opposite sides of the second light-emitting element 202 along the first direction X, and the fourth light-blocking structure 304 is located on opposite sides of the second light-emitting element 202 along the second direction Y. The second light-blocking structure 302 and the fourth light-blocking structure 304 are used to control the light emission angle of the second light-emitting element 202 in the privacy mode.

[0049] Among them, such as Figure 2 As shown, the second light-blocking structure 302 can be understood as a light-blocking structure 300 aligned with the second light-emitting element 202 in the first direction X and located on opposite sides of it. The second light-blocking structure 302 is alternately arranged with the second light-emitting element 202 in the first direction X (e.g., row direction) to control its light emission from the left and right sides. The fourth light-blocking structure 304 can be understood as a light-blocking structure 300 aligned with the second light-emitting element 202 in the second direction Y and located on opposite sides of it. The fourth light-blocking structure 304 is alternately arranged with the second light-emitting element 202 in the second direction Y (e.g., column direction) to control its light emission from the top and bottom sides.

[0050] Figure 5 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the distance d1 between the first light-blocking structure 301 and the first light-emitting element 201 is greater than the distance d2 between the second light-blocking structure 302 and the second light-emitting element 202.

[0051] In this context, the distance d1 between the first light-blocking structure 301 and the first light-emitting element 201 refers to the minimum distance along the first direction X, from the edge of the light-emitting area of ​​the first light-emitting element 201 to the edge of its nearest neighboring first light-blocking structure 301. Similarly, the distance d2 between the second light-blocking structure 302 and the second light-emitting element 202 refers to the minimum distance along the first direction X, from the edge of the light-emitting area of ​​the second light-emitting element 202 to the edge of its nearest neighboring second light-blocking structure 302. The distances between subsequent light-blocking structures 300 and light-emitting elements 20 all refer to the minimum distance along the first direction X or the second direction Y, from the edge of the light-emitting area of ​​the light-emitting element 20 to the edge of its nearest neighboring light-blocking structure 300, and will not be elaborated further.

[0052] In this embodiment, in the shared mode, the first light-emitting element 201 emits light, and the first light-blocking structure 301 maintains a large distance (i.e., d1 is large) from the first light-emitting element 201, which allows light to be emitted in the first direction X (such as the horizontal direction) within a larger angle range, thereby providing a wider viewing angle in the shared mode and meeting the display needs of multiple users and a large viewing angle.

[0053] In privacy mode, the second light-emitting element 202 emits light, and the second light-blocking structure 302 maintains a smaller gap (i.e., a smaller d2) with the second light-emitting element 202. This allows for stricter restriction of the light emitted from the second light-emitting element 202 in the first direction X (e.g., the horizontal direction), effectively blocking light beyond the set viewing angle (e.g., beyond ±45°), limiting the viewing angle to a narrow range, so that bystanders in a side position cannot clearly identify the screen content, achieving a highly reliable privacy effect.

[0054] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, along the first direction X, the distance d1 between the first light-blocking structure 301 and the first light-emitting element 201 is greater than or equal to 0; along the second direction Y, the distance d3 between the third light-blocking structure 303 and the first light-emitting element 201 is greater than or equal to 0.

[0055] Setting d1≥0 and d3≥0 ensures that the first light-blocking structure 301 and the third light-blocking structure 303 do not intrude into the orthographic projection area of ​​the first light-emitting element 201, thereby preventing the first light-blocking structure 301 and the third light-blocking structure 303 from blocking the light emitted from the first light-emitting element 201 at the main viewing angle (such as within ±10° of the normal direction), ensuring that the display quality of the main viewing angle is not affected in the shared mode.

[0056] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the distance d2 between the second light-blocking structure 302 and the second light-emitting element 202 is greater than or equal to 0; the distance d4 between the fourth light-blocking structure 304 and the second light-emitting element 202 is greater than or equal to 0.

[0057] Setting d2≥0 and d4≥0 ensures that the second light-blocking structure 302 and the fourth light-blocking structure 304 do not intrude into the orthographic projection area of ​​the second light-emitting element 202, thereby preventing the second light-blocking structure 302 and the fourth light-blocking structure 304 from blocking the light emitted from the main viewing angle (such as within ±10° of the normal direction) of the second light-emitting element 202, and ensuring that the display quality of the main viewing angle is not affected in the privacy mode.

[0058] Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, optionally, the light-blocking structure 300 further includes a fifth light-blocking structure 305. In the plan view, along the first direction X, the fifth light-blocking structure 305 is located between two adjacent third light-blocking structures 303. Along the first direction X, the distance between the fifth light-blocking structure 305 and the first light-emitting element 201 is less than the distance between the first light-blocking structure 301 and the first light-emitting element 201; and / or, along the second direction Y, the distance between the fifth light-blocking structure 305 and the first light-emitting element 201 is less than the distance between the third light-blocking structure 303 and the first light-emitting element 201.

[0059] Specifically, such as Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in a plan view (i.e., a top view perpendicular to the plane containing the substrate 10), along the first direction X, the fifth light-blocking structure 305 is disposed between two adjacent third light-blocking structures 303. Along the second direction Y, the fifth light-blocking structure 305 may be disposed between adjacent first light-blocking structures 301 and second light-blocking structures 302.

[0060] It is understandable that, such as Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the third light-blocking structure 303 is a light-blocking structure 300 located on the upper and lower sides of the first light-emitting element 201 along the second direction Y (as described above). Multiple first light-emitting elements 201 can be arranged in a row along the first direction X, and multiple third light-blocking structures 303 corresponding to a row of first light-emitting elements 201 are arranged along the first direction X. Stray light leakage may occur in the gap area between two adjacent third light-blocking structures 303, affecting the privacy protection effect.

[0061] Therefore, this embodiment provides a fifth light-blocking structure 305, which fills the gap between the adjacent third light-blocking structure 303 in the first direction X, so that the light-blocking structure 300 forms a grid-like distribution in the first direction X and the second direction Y, thereby further improving the overall shielding continuity of the light-blocking layer 30. Especially in the privacy mode, it can effectively suppress large-angle stray light and improve the privacy effect.

[0062] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, along the first direction X, the distance d5x between the fifth light-blocking structure 305 and the first light-emitting element 201 is less than the distance d1 between the first light-blocking structure 301 and the first light-emitting element 201.

[0063] The first light-blocking structure 301 maintains a relatively large distance d1 from the first light-emitting element 201, which ensures that the first light-emitting element 201 has a sufficient horizontal viewing angle (such as ±50° horizontal viewing angle range) in the shared mode; while the fifth light-blocking structure 305 is set closer to the first light-emitting element 201 (i.e., d5x is smaller), which can enhance the blocking ability of large-angle oblique stray light in the non-light-emitting area between the light-emitting elements 20, thereby effectively suppressing large-angle stray light and improving the privacy protection effect without significantly affecting the front brightness.

[0064] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, along the second direction Y, the distance d5y between the fifth light-blocking structure 305 and the first light-emitting element 201 is less than the distance d3 between the third light-blocking structure 303 and the first light-emitting element 201.

[0065] The third light-blocking structure 303 maintains a relatively large distance d3 from the first light-emitting element 201, which ensures that the first light-emitting element 201 has sufficient vertical viewing angle (e.g., a vertical viewing angle range of +20° to -10°) in the shared mode; while the fifth light-blocking structure 305 is set closer to the first light-emitting element 201 (i.e., d5y is smaller), which can enhance the blocking ability of large-angle oblique stray light in the non-light-emitting area between the light-emitting elements 20, thereby effectively suppressing large-angle stray light and improving the privacy protection effect without significantly affecting the front brightness.

[0066] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, along the first direction X, the distance d5x between the fifth light-blocking structure 305 and the first light-emitting element 201 is equal to the distance d1 between the first light-blocking structure 301 and the first light-emitting element 201. Along the second direction Y, the distance d5y between the fifth light-blocking structure 305 and the first light-emitting element 201 is equal to the distance d3 between the third light-blocking structure 303 and the first light-emitting element 201.

[0067] In this design, d5x = d1 and d5y = d3 are set. This equidistant layout ensures that the fifth light-blocking structure 305 maintains the same boundary alignment with the light-emitting opening jointly enclosed by the first light-blocking structure 301 and the third light-blocking structure 303. In other words, the fifth light-blocking structure 305 can be considered an extension or supplement to the first and third light-blocking structures 301 and 303, with its edges collinear with or on the same virtual boundary line in the first direction X and the second direction Y. This makes the light-blocking layer 30 more regular in the planar layout, which helps simplify the mask design and improve the consistency and stability of the manufacturing process. At the same time, it also helps to avoid uneven light emission caused by abrupt changes in the local light-blocking layer 30.

[0068] Optional, such as Figure 7 As shown, along the first direction X, the distance d5x between the fifth light-blocking structure 305 and the first light-emitting element 201 is greater than or equal to 0. Along the second direction Y, the distance d5y between the fifth light-blocking structure 305 and the first light-emitting element 201 is greater than or equal to 0.

[0069] Setting d5x≥0 and d5y≥0 ensures that the fifth light-blocking structure 305 does not intrude into the orthographic projection area of ​​the first light-emitting element 201. That is, the vertical projection of the fifth light-blocking structure 305 on the substrate 10 does not cover the light-emitting area of ​​the first light-emitting element 201, ensuring that the fifth light-blocking structure 305 is located in the non-effective light-emitting area. This avoids reducing the aperture ratio or blocking the light emitted from the main viewing angle (such as within ±10° of the normal direction), ensuring that the display quality of the main viewing angle is not affected in the shared mode.

[0070] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 As shown, in the plan view (i.e., the top view along the plane perpendicular to the substrate 10), the fifth light-blocking structure 305 has no overlapping area with the first light-emitting element 201 and the second light-emitting element 202 in both the first direction X and the second direction Y. That is, in the first direction X, the projection area of ​​the fifth light-blocking structure 305 does not overlap with the projection of the light-emitting area of ​​any of the light-emitting elements 20, and the two maintain a certain horizontal distance; in the second direction Y, the projection boundary of the fifth light-blocking structure 305 also does not cover the light-emitting area of ​​the light-emitting element 20. This ensures that the fifth light-blocking structure 305 does not directly block the effective light-emitting area of ​​the light-emitting element 20, thereby avoiding a decrease in brightness at the viewing angle or a loss of luminous efficiency due to the setting of the fifth light-blocking structure 305.

[0071] Optional, such as Figure 7 As shown, along the second direction Y, the third light-blocking structure 303 includes a first light-blocking portion 3031 and a second light-blocking portion 3032 located on opposite sides of the first light-emitting element 201. Along the second direction Y, the distance between the first light-blocking portion 3031 and the first light-emitting element 201 is different from the distance between the second light-blocking portion 3032 and the first light-emitting element 201.

[0072] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, along the second direction Y, the third light-blocking structure 303 can be divided into two independent parts: a first light-blocking portion 3031 and a second light-blocking portion 3032. The first light-blocking portion 3031 is located on one side (e.g., above) of the first light-emitting element 201 in the second direction Y, and the second light-blocking portion 3032 is located on the other side (e.g., below). Along the second direction Y, the distance d5y1 between the first light-blocking portion 3031 and the first light-emitting element 201 is different from the distance d5y2 between the second light-blocking portion 3032 and the first light-emitting element 201, that is, d5y1≠d5y2. This asymmetrical layout is designed to match the asymmetrical characteristics of the user's viewing angle distribution in the vertical direction in actual application scenarios, thereby meeting the actual application requirements and optimizing the visual experience.

[0073] For example, in automotive display scenarios, the display panel is typically mounted on the dashboard or center console. The driver's primary line of sight is positioned slightly above the display panel, meaning their line of sight is above the center of the panel. Therefore, the effective viewing angle above the display panel often needs to be wider (e.g., up to +20°) to ensure that driving information is clearly visible to the driver in a normal sitting posture. Conversely, the viewing angle below the display panel can be relatively narrower (e.g., only -10°) to avoid increasing stray light interference. Therefore, as... Figure 7 As shown, the distance d5y1 between the first light-blocking portion 3031 above the first light-emitting element 201 and the first light-blocking portion 3031 below the first light-emitting element 201 and the first light-blocking portion 3031 can be set to be greater than the distance d5y2 between the first light-blocking portion 3031 below the first light-emitting element 201 and the first light-blocking portion 3031 (i.e., d5y1 > d5y2), allowing more large-angle light to be emitted upwards, ensuring that the driver has sufficient visual coverage in a normal sitting posture. At the same time, the lower opening is moderately narrowed to suppress stray light leakage in the downward direction.

[0074] In some embodiments, in scenarios with strong windshield reflection, such as when the vehicle display panel is mounted high and there is a large windshield in front, the light emitted upward from the display panel is prone to specular reflection on the inner surface of the windshield, interfering with the driver's vision. Therefore, the upward viewing angle can be narrowed (e.g., reduced to around 0°) to reduce reflective visibility. In this case, the distance d5y1 between the first light-blocking portion 3031 (located above the first light-emitting element 201) and the first light-emitting element 201 can be set smaller than the distance d5y2 between the second light-blocking portion 3032 (located below the first light-emitting element 201) and the first light-emitting element 201 (i.e., d5y1 < d5y2), making the upper first light-blocking portion 3031 closer to the first light-emitting element 201, thereby narrowing the upward light emission angle and reducing the risk of windshield reflection.

[0075] In some embodiments, d5y1 can also be set to d5y2 to suit scenarios where the user's viewing angle is uniformly distributed in the vertical direction, such as the central control entertainment screen and the passenger-side display screen, where the vertical viewing angle requirements are similar (e.g., both cover ±15°). The symmetrical design not only simplifies the design of the photolithography mask pattern and reduces manufacturing complexity and cost, but also ensures the uniformity of brightness in the vertical direction and avoids differences in brightness caused by asymmetrical openings.

[0076] This embodiment, through the aforementioned adaptable asymmetric third light-blocking structure 303 layout, enables the display panel to flexibly adapt to diverse vehicle installation conditions, taking into account both visual safety and information readability.

[0077] Optional, such as Figure 7 As shown, along the second direction Y, the fourth light-blocking structure 304 includes a third light-blocking portion 3041 and a fourth light-blocking portion 3042 located on opposite sides of the second light-emitting element 202.

[0078] The arrangement direction of the first light-blocking portion 3031 and the second light-blocking portion 3032 is the same as the arrangement direction of the third light-blocking portion 3041 and the fourth light-blocking portion 3042.

[0079] Along the second direction Y, the distance between the first light-blocking portion 3031 and the first light-emitting element 201 is equal to the distance between the third light-blocking portion 3041 and the second light-emitting element 202.

[0080] And / or, Along the second direction Y, the distance between the second light-blocking portion 3032 and the first light-emitting element 201 is equal to the distance between the fourth light-blocking portion 3042 and the second light-emitting element 202.

[0081] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, for the second light-emitting element 202, along the second direction Y, the corresponding fourth light-blocking structure 304 is also divided into two independent parts, namely the third light-blocking part 3041 (for example, located above the second light-emitting element 202) and the fourth light-blocking part 3042 (for example, located below the second light-emitting element 202).

[0082] The arrangement direction of the first light-blocking portion 3031 and the second light-blocking portion 3032 is the same as that of the third light-blocking portion 3041 and the fourth light-blocking portion 3042, so that a consistent layout and structural correspondence are adopted in the vertical direction (second direction Y).

[0083] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, along the second direction Y, the distance d5y1 between the first light-blocking portion 3031 and the first light-emitting element 201 is set to be equal to the distance d41 between the third light-blocking portion 3041 and the second light-emitting element 202, i.e., d5y1 = d41. This alignment ensures that the light-blocking boundary positions of the first light-emitting element 201 and the second light-emitting element 202 are consistent on the upper side (or one of them), thereby making the effective viewing angle range of the sharing mode and the privacy mode consistent on the upper side in the vertical direction, which helps to ensure the continuity of the user's visual experience in the vertical direction when switching between the sharing mode and the privacy mode.

[0084] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, along the second direction Y, the distance d5y2 between the second light-blocking portion 3032 and the first light-emitting element 201 is set to be equal to the distance d42 between the fourth light-blocking portion 3042 and the second light-emitting element 202, i.e., d5y2 = d42. This alignment ensures that the light-blocking boundary positions of the first light-emitting element 201 and the second light-emitting element 202 are consistent on the lower side (or the other side), thereby making the effective viewing angle range of the sharing mode and the privacy mode consistent on the lower side in the vertical direction, which helps to ensure the continuity of the user's visual experience in the vertical direction when switching between the sharing mode and the privacy mode.

[0085] It should be noted that although the spacing between the first light-emitting element 201 and the second light-emitting element 202 and their corresponding light-blocking structure 300 in the vertical direction (such as the second direction Y) can be set in the same way, the opening size of the light-blocking structure 300 corresponding to the first light-emitting element 201 and the second light-emitting element 202 in the horizontal direction (such as the first direction X) can still be set differently to meet the wide viewing angle requirement of the sharing mode and the narrow viewing angle requirement of the privacy mode respectively.

[0086] It is worth noting that in the array arrangement of the light-emitting elements 20, the second light-blocking portion 3032 and the third light-blocking portion 3041 can have the same physical structure. Specifically, as shown in the figure... Figure 7 As shown, the first light-emitting element 201 and the second light-emitting element 202 are arranged adjacent to each other along the second direction Y (e.g., the vertical direction) (e.g., the first light-emitting element 201 is above the second light-emitting element 202). In this case, the second light-blocking portion 3032 located below the first light-emitting element 201 can simultaneously serve as the third light-blocking portion 3041 located above the second light-emitting element 202. Their vertical projections on the substrate 10 completely overlap, forming a shared light-blocking structure. This shared structure design simplifies the layout of the light-blocking structure and helps enhance the structural continuity of the light-blocking layer in the vertical direction, reducing process complexity.

[0087] Optional, such as Figure 7 As shown, along the first direction X, the distance d1 between the first light-blocking structure 301 and the first light-emitting element 201 is greater than the distance d3 between the third light-blocking structure 303 and the first light-emitting element 201.

[0088] The first light-blocking structure 301 is a light-blocking structure located on both sides of the first light-emitting element 201 along the first direction X, which can be used to control the light emission angle in the horizontal direction; the third light-blocking structure 303 is a light-blocking portion located on both sides of the first light-emitting element 201 along the second direction Y, which can be used to control the light emission angle in the vertical direction.

[0089] In this embodiment, d1 > d3 is set so that the width of the light-emitting opening corresponding to the first light-emitting element 201 in the horizontal direction is greater than the width in the vertical direction. This allows the first light-emitting element 201 to emit light at a wider angle in the horizontal direction, while having a relatively narrow viewing angle in the vertical direction. Thus, in the shared mode, the light-emitting characteristic of having a wider viewing angle in the left and right directions than in the up and down directions can be achieved. This suppresses stray light leakage in the up and down directions while meeting the needs of actual viewing scenarios such as multi-user and wide seating layouts.

[0090] It should be noted that the specific setting range of the light-blocking structure 300 can be flexibly adjusted according to the needs of the actual application scenario.

[0091] For example, in typical usage environments such as vehicle cabins, the user's actual viewing position is relatively fixed. In shared mode, the effective viewing range can be: within ±50° horizontally, and within +20° upwards and -10° downwards vertically. In shared mode, the effective viewing range can be: within ±45° horizontally, and within +20° upwards and -10° downwards vertically.

[0092] Based on this, a light-blocking structure 300 can be designed around the first light-emitting element 201. Within the aforementioned viewing angle range, the light-blocking structure 300 is not set to ensure that the light within the aforementioned viewing angle range is not blocked by the light-blocking structure 300, ensuring sufficient display brightness and avoiding affecting user viewing in shared mode and privacy mode. Outside the aforementioned viewing angle range, a light-blocking structure 300 can be added to maximize the setting range of the light-blocking structure 300, thereby effectively suppressing large-angle stray light leakage in privacy mode and improving the privacy effect.

[0093] Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, optionally, the light-blocking layer 30 includes a first light-blocking layer 30A and a second light-blocking layer 30B. The second light-blocking layer 30B is located on the side of the first light-blocking layer 30A away from the substrate 10, and both the first light-blocking layer 30A and the second light-blocking layer 30B have a second light-blocking structure 302.

[0094] Specifically, Figure 10 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 10As shown, the inventors discovered through research that, along a direction parallel to the plane of the substrate 10, when the length of the second light-emitting element 202 is a, oblique rays greater than 45° in its emitted light can be completely blocked by a single-layer light-blocking layer 30, meeting the privacy requirements. However, in order to increase the aperture ratio of the second light-emitting element 202 to enhance brightness, the length of the second light-emitting element 202 needs to be increased from a to b to increase the effective light-emitting area. At this time, the original single-layer light-blocking layer 30 is no longer sufficient to completely block light beyond 45°, and it is necessary to increase the distance between the light-blocking layer 30 and the second light-emitting element 202, that is, increase the height of the light-blocking layer 30 (e.g., by increasing the distance between the light-blocking layer 30 and the second light-emitting element 202). Figure 10 The middle light-blocking layer 30 is adjusted to the position indicated by the upper dotted box to effectively block light beyond 45°. However, after increasing the height of the light-blocking layer 30, large-angle light at 90° will not be blocked by the increased-height light-blocking layer 30. At this point, the width of the light-blocking layer 30 needs to be further increased to block large-angle light at approximately 90°. Figure 10 The dashed box above the middle light-blocking layer 30 exemplarily shows the position of the light-blocking layer 30 after adaptive adjustment following the increase in the aperture ratio of the second light-emitting element 202.

[0095] However, in display panels (such as AMOLED display panels), the gap between adjacent light-emitting elements 20 is usually determined by the manufacturing process, and its size is basically fixed during the process, making it difficult to adjust significantly. If the width of a single light-blocking layer 30 is simply increased to enhance the large-angle stray light blocking effect, it will cause the light-blocking layer 30 to expand laterally and encroach on the light-emitting area of ​​the adjacent light-emitting element 20 (such as the first light-emitting element 201). As a result, an excessively wide light-blocking layer 30 will partially block the effective light emission of the adjacent light-emitting element 20 in the forward viewing direction, causing a decrease in brightness at the main viewing angle and affecting the display effect.

[0096] Based on the above-mentioned technical problems, in this embodiment, at least two light-blocking layers 30 (e.g., the first light-blocking layer 30A and the second light-blocking layer 30B) are set at different heights to achieve step-by-step blocking of oblique light by utilizing the spatial layering in the vertical direction.

[0097] Among them, such as Figure 9 As shown, the larger the light emission angle, the more significant its lateral shift is when propagating in the vertical direction. Therefore, the first light-blocking layer 30A (close to the light-emitting element 20) can effectively block stray light with a large angle of nearly 90°. The second light-blocking layer 30B (located on the upper layer away from the substrate 10) mainly blocks oblique light at about 45°. Through the synergistic effect of the upper and lower light-blocking layers, stray light leakage at angles above 45° can be effectively suppressed without significantly increasing the lateral width of the light-blocking layer. Thus, while keeping the spacing between the light-emitting elements 20 unchanged, the light emission of adjacent light-emitting elements 20 at the positive angle is not blocked, thus achieving a balance between high aperture ratio, high brightness and high privacy performance.

[0098] It should be noted that the above embodiment uses 45° as an example for illustration, but the privacy angle of the present invention can be adjusted according to actual needs and is not limited to 45°. For example, depending on the different privacy requirements of actual application scenarios (such as in-vehicle, financial terminals, or mobile devices), the effective suppression angle of the privacy mode can be flexibly set to 30°, 40°, 50°, or 60°, etc. Accordingly, the layout, height, and opening size of the light-blocking layer 30 (including the first light-blocking layer 30A and the second light-blocking layer 30B) can be set based on the target suppression angle to ensure that the brightness attenuation to less than 0.5% of the main viewing angle is achieved in areas outside the specified viewing angle.

[0099] Optional, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, along the first direction X, the distance d2A between the second light-blocking structure 302 of the first light-blocking layer 30A and the second light-emitting element 202 is less than the distance d2B between the second light-blocking structure 302 of the second light-blocking layer 30B and the second light-emitting element 202.

[0100] Specifically, such as Figure 9 As shown, the first light-blocking layer 30A is located on the side closer to the second light-emitting element 202 (i.e., closer to the substrate 10). In the first direction X, its second light-blocking structure 302 can be set closer to the second light-emitting element 202 (e.g., d2A < d2B), thereby expanding the coverage area of ​​the light-blocking layer 30 without affecting the effective light output within the viewing angle range of 45°, so as to more efficiently block stray light leaking from the side of the second light-emitting element 202, especially in the privacy mode, thereby improving the stray light suppression capability.

[0101] Figure 11 This is a partial structural diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 11 As shown, optionally, along the first direction X, the distance between the second light-blocking structure 302 of the first light-blocking layer 30A and the second light-emitting element 202 can be designed to be equal to 0. In this case, in the plan view (i.e., the top view perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10), the left and right light-emitting boundaries of the second light-emitting element 202 are flush with the left and right boundaries of the opening of the first light-blocking layer 30A. This can limit stray light leakage in the first direction X to the greatest extent without sacrificing front light emission, which is beneficial to achieving lower large-viewing-angle brightness (e.g., ≤0.5%) in privacy mode.

[0102] Figure 12 This is a partial structural diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 12As shown, similarly, along the second direction Y, to avoid environmental reflection interference such as windshield reflections, the first light-blocking layer 30A can also adopt the same layout strategy in the second direction Y as in the first direction X. That is, the distance between the first light-blocking layer 30A and the second light-emitting element 202 in the second direction Y approaches 0 or is even equal to 0. In the plan view (i.e., the top view perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10), the upper and lower light-emitting boundaries of the second light-emitting element 202 are flush with the upper and lower boundaries of the opening of the first light-blocking layer 30A. This narrows the vertical light emission angle, reduces light leakage in the upward or downward directions, thereby reducing the possibility of reflections on the windshield or other reflective surfaces, and improving display visibility and visual comfort under strong ambient light.

[0103] Figure 13 A partial cross-sectional structural diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown below. Figure 13 As shown, optionally, along the first direction X, the distance d2A between the second light-blocking structure 302 of the first light-blocking layer 30A and the second light-emitting element 202 is greater than the distance d2B between the second light-blocking structure 302 of the second light-blocking layer 30B and the second light-emitting element 202, i.e., d2A>d2B. This allows for an appropriate increase in the distance d2A between the second light-blocking structure 302 of the first light-blocking layer 30A and the second light-emitting element 202, while the second light-blocking layer 30B blocks large-angle light. This reduces the obstruction of small-angle light emitted from the second light-emitting element 202 by the first light-blocking layer 30A, which is close to the normal direction. This helps improve the brightness of the display panel at the front viewing angle in privacy mode, thus maintaining a good frontal viewing experience while ensuring privacy protection.

[0104] In some embodiments, along the first direction X, the distance d2A between the second light-blocking structure 302 of the first light-blocking layer 30A and the second light-emitting element 202 can also be equal to the distance d2B between the second light-blocking structure 302 of the second light-blocking layer 30B and the second light-emitting element 202, i.e., d2A=d2B. In this case, the second light-blocking structures 302 of the first light-blocking layer 30A and the second light-blocking layer 30B are aligned in the horizontal direction, which is beneficial for simplifying the mask pattern design and improving the photolithography alignment accuracy, but is not limited to this.

[0105] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, along the first direction X, the distance d2A between the second light-blocking structure 302 of the first light-blocking layer 30A and the second light-emitting element 202 can be equal to the distance d5x between the fifth light-blocking structure 305 and the first light-emitting element 201, that is, d2A=d5x, which is beneficial to simplify the mask pattern design and improve the photolithography alignment accuracy.

[0106] In some embodiments, along the first direction X, the distance d2A between the second light-blocking structure 302 of the first light-blocking layer 30A and the second light-emitting element 202 may not be equal to the distance d5x between the fifth light-blocking structure 305 and the first light-emitting element 201, i.e., d2A≠d5x. This allows for independent optimization for different viewing angle requirements of the sharing mode and the privacy mode. For example, d2A can be reduced to enhance the shielding of large-angle light from the second light-emitting element 202, while d5x can be increased to ensure that the light emitted by the first light-emitting element 201 is not blocked within a larger viewing angle, i.e., d2A<d5x, but it is not limited to this.

[0107] Figure 14 A partial cross-sectional structural diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown below. Figure 14 As shown, optionally, the display panel further includes a first dimming layer 13, which includes a first dimming structure 131 and a first dimming opening 132. The first dimming opening 132 covers the second light-emitting element 202 along a direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10. The angle θ1 between the side of the first dimming structure 131 near the first dimming opening 132 and the bottom surface of the first dimming structure 131 is an acute angle.

[0108] The first dimming layer 13 is located on the side of the light-emitting element 20 away from the substrate 10, and is used to control the angular distribution of the emitted light.

[0109] Specifically, such as Figure 14 As shown, the vertical projection of the first dimming opening 132 of the first dimming layer 13 onto the substrate 10 covers the light-emitting area of ​​the second light-emitting element 202, so as to ensure that the main viewing angle light can pass through the first dimming opening 132 without obstruction in the privacy mode.

[0110] Furthermore, the angle θ1 between the side of the first dimming structure 131 of the first dimming layer 13 near the first dimming opening 132 and the bottom surface of the first dimming structure 131 is designed to be an acute angle (i.e., 0°<θ1<90°), so that the first dimming structure 131 presents as a protruding structure with inclined sidewalls.

[0111] With this configuration, the inclined sidewall of the first dimming structure 131 can reflect some of the large-angle light emitted from the second light-emitting element 202 towards the vicinity of the normal, thereby enhancing the display brightness in the normal direction (normal viewing angle) and improving the light energy utilization efficiency.

[0112] The bottom surface of the first dimming structure 131 refers to the surface of the first dimming structure 131 that is close to the substrate 10.

[0113] It should be noted that by adjusting the size of the included angle θ1, the intensity distribution of light in different directions can be flexibly adjusted to achieve a stronger frontal convergence effect or a more balanced angular distribution. This embodiment of the invention does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0114] Optional, such as Figure 14 As shown, the display panel also includes a second dimming layer 14, which is located on the side of the first dimming layer 13 away from the substrate 10, and the second dimming layer 14 and the first dimming layer 13 are located in adjacent film layers. The refractive index of the first dimming structure 131 is less than the refractive index of the second dimming layer 14.

[0115] Specifically, the second dimming layer 14 can be directly fabricated on the upper surface of the first dimming layer 13, with no other functional film layers between them, forming a tightly contacted interface. During the fabrication process, the material of the second dimming layer 14 can flow and fill into the first dimming opening 132, thereby forming a continuous film layer in the opening area.

[0116] In this embodiment, the refractive index of the first dimming structure 131 is designed to be less than that of the second dimming layer 14. When light travels from the second dimming layer 14 with a higher refractive index to the first dimming structure 131 with a lower refractive index, some light will be reflected at the interface between the two. In particular, when the incident angle is greater than or equal to the critical angle, total internal reflection can occur, thereby improving the reflection efficiency.

[0117] Specifically, for large-angle light rays incident from the second dimming layer 14 onto the side of the first dimming structure 131, since total internal reflection is easily satisfied when light enters a low-refractive-index medium from a high-refractive-index medium, this portion of the light will be reflected back into the second dimming layer 14 instead of exiting directly at a large angle. This not only effectively reduces brightness in the wide viewing angle direction and enhances the privacy protection effect, but the reflected light can also exit from a direction close to the normal, which helps to enhance the display brightness in the normal direction (positive viewing angle) and improve light energy utilization efficiency.

[0118] Optional, such as Figure 14 As shown, the first dimming structure 131 is located on the side of the second light-blocking layer 30B near the substrate 10. Along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10, the side of the second light-blocking layer 30B and the side of the first dimming structure 131 near the first dimming opening 132 do not overlap.

[0119] Specifically, such as Figure 14 As shown, the first dimming structure 131 is disposed between the second light-blocking layer 30B and the light-emitting element 20. In the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10, the first dimming structure 131 is closer to the second light-emitting element 202, which facilitates optical path modulation at the initial stage of light emission.

[0120] In this process, after the light is emitted from the second light-emitting element 202, it is first converged and guided by the first dimming structure 131, and then enters the upper second light-blocking layer 30B. This guides more light energy into the target viewing angle range before blocking the light, thereby improving the front light effect while achieving privacy protection.

[0121] Furthermore, along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10 (i.e., the normal direction of the display panel), the second light-blocking layer 30B does not overlap with the side of the first dimming structure 131 near the first dimming opening 132. That is, in the top view, the second light-blocking layer 30B will not cover the inclined side of the first dimming structure 131 used to reflect light, so that the light-focusing area of ​​the first dimming structure 131 (i.e., the sidewall near the first dimming opening 132) is not blocked by the upper second light-blocking layer 30B, ensuring that the light-focusing effect of the first dimming structure 131 is not affected by the second light-blocking layer 30B.

[0122] Optional, such as Figure 14 As shown, along the first direction X, the distance d2B between the second light-blocking structure 302 of the second light-blocking layer 30B and the second light-emitting element 202 is greater than the distance d6 between the first dimming structure 131 and the second light-emitting element 202.

[0123] Specifically, such as Figure 14 As shown, along the first direction X, the distance d2B between the second light-blocking structure 302 of the second light-blocking layer 30B and the second light-emitting element 202 is designed to be greater than the distance d6 between the first dimming structure 131 and the second light-emitting element 202, that is, d2B>d6.

[0124] The first dimming structure 131 requires a certain lateral space to reflect light. By increasing the distance between the upper second light-blocking layer 30B and the second light-emitting element 202 (i.e., d2B>d6), it can be ensured that the pattern boundary of the second light-blocking layer 30B will not intrude into the effective light-focusing area of ​​the first dimming structure 131 (i.e., the sidewall near the first dimming opening 132). This ensures that the light-focusing area of ​​the first dimming structure 131 will not be completely blocked by the second light-blocking layer 30B, and that the light-focusing effect of the first dimming structure 131 will not fail due to the blocking by the second light-blocking layer 30B.

[0125] Optional, such as Figure 14 As shown, the first dimming structure 131 is located on the side of the first light-blocking layer 30A facing away from the substrate 10. Along the first direction X, the distance d2A between the second light-blocking structure 302 of the first light-blocking layer 30A and the second light-emitting element 202 is less than or equal to the distance d6 between the first dimming structure 131 and the second light-emitting element 202.

[0126] Specifically, such as Figure 10As shown, the first light-blocking layer 30A is mainly used to block large-angle stray light approaching 90°. The closer the first light-blocking layer 30A is to the light-emitting element 20, the smaller the required light-blocking width. Therefore, in this embodiment, as Figure 14 shown, the first light-blocking layer 30A is disposed between the first light-dimming structure 131 and the light-emitting element 20, such that the first light-blocking layer 30A is closer to the light-emitting element 20, thereby relatively reducing the required light-blocking width, and thus effectively lateral blocking can be achieved with a narrower width, avoiding blocking the forward-view light emission of adjacent light-emitting elements 20.

[0127] Furthermore, as Figure 14 shown, along the first direction X, the distance d2A between the second light-blocking structure 302 of the first light-blocking layer 30A and the second light-emitting element 202 is designed to be less than or equal to the distance d6 between the first light-dimming structure 131 and the second light-emitting element 202, that is, d2A ≤ d6 is satisfied.

[0128] Among them, if d2A = d6, it means that the edge of the first light-blocking layer 30A is aligned with the edge of the first light-dimming structure 131 in the first direction X, and the two share a boundary in the plan view.

[0129] If d2A < d6, it means that the edge of the first light-blocking layer 30A is closer to the second light-emitting element 202 than the edge of the first light-dimming structure 131 in the first direction X.

[0130] With the above settings, it can be prevented that large-angle light emitted from the second light-emitting element 202 leaks through the first light-dimming structure 131 without being modulated by the side wall of the first light-dimming structure 131, ensuring that all the light to be emitted passes through the first light-dimming opening 132. At the same time, on the premise of not affecting the light-condensing effect of the first light-dimming structure 131, the coverage range of the first light-blocking layer 30A is increased to block more large-angle stray light, thereby improving the anti-peeping effect in the anti-peeping mode.

[0131] Figure 15 It is a schematic partial cross-sectional structure diagram of another display panel provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 15 shown, optionally, the display panel further includes a third light-dimming layer 15, and the third light-dimming layer 15 includes a plurality of second light-dimming structures 151. Along the direction perpendicular to the plane where the substrate 10 is located, the second light-dimming structure 151 covers the second light-emitting element 202. The included angle θ2 between the side surface and the bottom surface of the second light-dimming structure 151 is an acute angle.

[0132] Among them, the third light-dimming layer 15 is located on the side of the light-emitting element 20 away from the substrate 10, and is used to regulate the angular distribution of the emitted light.

[0133] Specifically, as Figure 15As shown, the vertical projection of the second dimming structure 151 of the third dimming layer 15 onto the substrate 10 covers the light-emitting area of ​​the second light-emitting element 202, so as to achieve direct modulation of the light emitted by the second light-emitting element 202.

[0134] Furthermore, the angle θ2 between the side surface and the bottom surface of the second dimming structure 151 is designed to be an acute angle (i.e., 0° < θ2 < 90°), so that the second dimming structure 151 presents as a protruding structure with inclined sidewalls.

[0135] With this configuration, the inclined sidewall of the second dimming structure 151 can refract a portion of the large-angle light emitted from the second light-emitting element 202 toward the vicinity of the normal, thereby enhancing the display brightness in the normal direction (normal viewing angle) and improving the light energy utilization efficiency.

[0136] The bottom surface of the second dimming structure 151 refers to the surface of the second dimming structure 151 that is close to the substrate 10.

[0137] It should be noted that by adjusting the size of the included angle θ2, the degree of light deflection can be flexibly controlled, thereby flexibly adjusting the intensity distribution of light in different directions to achieve a stronger frontal convergence effect or a more balanced angular distribution. This embodiment of the invention does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0138] Optional, such as Figure 15 As shown, the display panel also includes a second dimming layer 14, which is located on the side of the third dimming layer 15 away from the substrate 10, and the second dimming layer 14 and the third dimming layer 15 are located in adjacent film layers. The refractive index of the second dimming structure 151 is greater than the refractive index of the second dimming layer 14.

[0139] Specifically, the second dimming layer 14 can be directly fabricated on the upper surface of the third dimming layer 15, with no other functional film layers between them, forming a tightly contacted interface. During the fabrication process, the material of the second dimming layer 14 can flow and fill the gaps between adjacent second dimming structures 151, thereby forming a continuous film layer.

[0140] In this embodiment, the refractive index of the second dimming structure 151 is designed to be greater than that of the second dimming layer 14. When light travels from the second dimming structure 151 with a higher refractive index to the second dimming layer 14 with a lower refractive index, the light will be refracted at the interface between the two, and its propagation direction will be deflected towards the interface normal. This can guide the light that originally propagated at a large angle to a direction closer to the normal (normal viewing angle), which helps to enhance the front brightness of the display panel in privacy mode. At the same time, it reduces the light energy that escapes to the side at a large angle, reduces the brightness of the side viewing angle, and strengthens the privacy effect.

[0141] Optional, such as Figure 15As shown, the second dimming structure 151 is located on the side of the second light-blocking layer 30B closest to the substrate 10. Along the first direction X, the distance d7 between the second light-blocking structure 302 and the second dimming structure 151 of the second light-blocking layer 30B is greater than or equal to 0.

[0142] Specifically, such as Figure 15 As shown, the second dimming structure 151 is disposed between the second light-blocking layer 30B and the light-emitting element 20. In the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10, the second dimming structure 151 is closer to the second light-emitting element 202, which facilitates optical path modulation at the initial stage of light emission.

[0143] In this process, after the light is emitted from the second light-emitting element 202, it is first converged and guided by the second dimming structure 151, and then enters the upper second light-blocking layer 30B. This guides more light energy into the target viewing angle range before blocking the light, thereby improving the front light effect while achieving privacy protection.

[0144] Furthermore, d7≥0. At this time, along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10 (i.e., the normal direction of the display panel), the second light-blocking structure 302 of the second light-blocking layer 30B and the second dimming structure 151 do not overlap. That is, the second light-blocking structure 302 of the second light-blocking layer 30B will not cover the inclined side of the second dimming structure 151 used to refract light, so that the light-gathering area of ​​the second dimming structure 151 is not blocked by the upper second light-blocking layer 30B, ensuring that the light-gathering effect of the second dimming structure 151 is not affected by the second light-blocking layer 30B.

[0145] Optionally, the second dimming structure 151 is located on the side of the first light-blocking layer 30A away from the substrate 10. Along a direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10, the second light-blocking structure 302 of the first light-blocking layer 30A at least partially overlaps with the second dimming structure 151.

[0146] Specifically, such as Figure 10 As shown, the first light-blocking layer 30A is mainly used to block stray light at large angles approaching 90°. The closer the first light-blocking layer 30A is to the light-emitting element 20, the smaller the required light-blocking width. Therefore, in this embodiment, as... Figure 15 As shown, the first light-blocking layer 30A is disposed between the second dimming structure 151 and the light-emitting element 20, so that the first light-blocking layer 30A is closer to the light-emitting element 20, thereby reducing the required light-blocking width and enabling effective lateral blocking with a narrower width, thus avoiding blocking the light emitted from the adjacent light-emitting element 20 at the front viewing angle.

[0147] Furthermore, such as Figure 15As shown, there is an overlapping part between the vertical projection of the second light-blocking structure 302 of the first light-blocking layer 30A on the substrate 10 and the vertical projection of the second light-dimming structure 151 on the substrate 10. At this time, along the first direction X, the distance d2A between the second light-blocking structure 302 of the first light-blocking layer 30A and the second light-emitting element 202 is designed to be less than or equal to the distance d8 between the edge of the second light-dimming structure 151 and the second light-emitting element 202, that is, d2A ≤ d8 is satisfied.

[0148] Among them, if d2A = d8, it means that the edge of the first light-blocking layer 30A is aligned with the edge of the second light-dimming structure 151 in the first direction X, and the two share a boundary in the plan view.

[0149] If d2A < d8, it means that the edge of the first light-blocking layer 30A is closer to the second light-emitting element 202 in the first direction X relative to the edge of the second light-dimming structure 151.

[0150] With the above settings, it can be ensured that all the light rays to be emitted pass through the second light-dimming structure 151, which is beneficial to achieving more precise viewing angle control and higher front brightness uniformity. At the same time, on the premise of not affecting the light-gathering effect of the second light-dimming structure 151, the coverage range of the first light-blocking layer 30A can be increased to block more large-angle stray light, thereby improving the anti-peeping effect in the anti-peeping mode.

[0151] It should be noted that although the second light-blocking structure 302 in the first light-blocking layer 30A can be close to the second light-emitting element 202 according to design requirements, and even allows the distance d2A between it and the second light-emitting element 202 to be 0 (that is, their edges are flush), its projection in the plan view cannot extend to overlap with the light-emitting area of the second light-emitting element 202, that is, d2A ≥ 0, so as to avoid blocking the effective light-emitting area of the second light-emitting element 202 itself.

[0152] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of another display panel provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 8 and Figure 16 shown, optionally, the first light-blocking structure 301 is only located in the first light-blocking layer 30A.

[0153] Among them, as Figure 10 shown, under the same light-blocking angle requirement (such as blocking 90° light), the closer the light-blocking layer 30 is to the light-emitting element 20 in the thickness direction of the display panel, the smaller the required light-blocking width.

[0154] In this embodiment, as Figure 8 and Figure 16As shown, the first light-blocking layer 30A is located between the film layer containing the light-emitting element 20 and the second light-blocking layer 30B, and is closer to the light-emitting element 20. By placing the first light-blocking structure 301 in the first light-blocking layer 30A, it is possible to effectively block large-angle light with a smaller structural width, which is beneficial to improving the pixel aperture ratio and structural compactness, and is suitable for display panels with small pixel pitch and compact design.

[0155] Meanwhile, the first light-blocking structure 301 in the first light-blocking layer 30A can already block stray light. If the first light-blocking structure 301 is repeatedly set in the second light-blocking layer 30B, the width of the first light-blocking structure 301 in the second light-blocking layer 30B may be too large, thus blocking the light emitted from the adjacent light-emitting element 20 at the front viewing angle. It may also be that the first light-blocking structure 301 in the first light-blocking layer 30A and the second light-blocking layer 30B are not aligned, resulting in unnecessary front light blocking and affecting the display brightness and uniformity.

[0156] Therefore, in this embodiment, the first light-blocking structure 301 is not provided in the second light-blocking layer 30B to avoid unnecessary front light blocking, which is beneficial to improving display brightness and uniformity.

[0157] It should be noted that in some embodiments, such as when the pixel pitch is large, a first light-blocking structure 301 can be added to the second light-blocking layer 30B to form a double-layer light-blocking effect, thereby enhancing the blocking effect of stray light. This embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit this.

[0158] Figure 17 A partial cross-sectional structural diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown below. Figure 8 and Figure 17 As shown, optionally, the third light-blocking structure 303 and the fourth light-blocking structure 304 are located at least in the second light-blocking layer 30B.

[0159] In most application scenarios (especially in-vehicle displays), the effective viewing angle range in the vertical direction (up and down) is usually smaller than that in the horizontal direction (left and right). For example, in a typical in-vehicle display scenario, the required vertical viewing angle range in shared mode may only be +20° (up) to -10° (down), while the horizontal viewing angle can reach ±50°.

[0160] like Figure 10 As shown, under the same light-blocking angle requirement (such as blocking 45° of light), the farther the light-blocking layer 30 is from the light-emitting element 20 in the thickness direction of the display panel, the smaller the required light-blocking width.

[0161] Therefore, the aforementioned smaller vertical viewing angle means that the required third light-blocking structure 303 and fourth light-blocking structure 304 can be positioned slightly further away from the light-emitting element 20 in the thickness direction of the display panel. In this embodiment, as... Figure 8 and Figure 17 As shown, the third light-blocking structure 303 and the fourth light-blocking structure 304 are disposed in the upper second light-blocking layer 30B. Since the second light-blocking layer 30B is far from the light-emitting element 20 in the thickness direction of the display panel, its required light-blocking width is relatively small under the same vertical viewing angle blocking requirements. Thus, the large-angle light can be effectively blocked by the smaller width of the third light-blocking structure 303 and the fourth light-blocking structure 304, which is beneficial to improve the pixel aperture ratio and structural compactness, and is suitable for display panels with small pixel pitch and compact design.

[0162] If the third light-blocking structure 303 and the fourth light-blocking structure 304 are placed in the first light-blocking layer 30A, since the first light-blocking layer 30A is closer to the light-emitting element 20, the required light-blocking width may be larger in order to achieve the same vertical viewing angle blocking. This may cause the first light-blocking layer 30A to invade the orthographic projection area of ​​the second light-emitting element 202 in the second direction Y, thereby blocking part of the orthographic viewing angle (normal direction) light and reducing the front brightness and display efficiency.

[0163] Figure 18 A partial cross-sectional structural diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown below. Figure 18 As shown, in some embodiments, such as when the pixel pitch is large, a third light-blocking structure 303 and a fourth light-blocking structure 304 can be provided in the second light-blocking layer 30B to form a double-layer light-blocking effect to enhance the blocking effect of stray light. The embodiments of the present invention do not specifically limit this.

[0164] It should be noted that the widths of the third light-blocking structure 303 and the fourth light-blocking structure 304 in the second light-blocking layer 30B should be controlled to prevent the third light-blocking structure 303 and the fourth light-blocking structure 304 in the second light-blocking layer 30B from encroaching on the orthographic projection area of ​​the second light-emitting element 202 in the second direction Y, thereby avoiding blocking part of the orthographic viewing angle (normal direction) light and reducing the front brightness and display efficiency.

[0165] Optional, such as Figures 1-12 As shown, the display panel includes multiple pixel units 40 arranged in an array. Each pixel unit 40 includes at least one light-emitting element group 41, which includes at least one first light-emitting element 201 and at least one second light-emitting element 202. In the light-emitting element group 41, the first light-emitting element 201 and the second light-emitting element 202 are arranged adjacent to each other, and the first light-emitting element 201 and the second light-emitting element 202 emit the same color. In different light-emitting element groups 41, the first light-emitting element 201 and the second light-emitting element 202 are arranged in the same direction.

[0166] Specifically, such as Figures 1-12As shown, the display panel includes multiple pixel units 40 disposed on the substrate 10. The multiple pixel units 40 are arranged in an array in a plane parallel to the substrate 10, for example, arranged according to row and column rules, to form a pixel matrix of the display area. Each pixel unit 40 serves as a complete display functional unit, corresponding to a pixel in the display image, and is used to realize full-color display and dual-mode (shared / peeping) switching functions.

[0167] The pixel density (PPI) of the pixel unit 40 can be adjusted according to the application scenario. For example, it is 200 to 300 PPI in an in-vehicle instrument panel and can reach more than 400 PPI in a mobile terminal. This embodiment of the invention does not make specific limitations on this.

[0168] Each pixel unit 40 includes at least one group of light-emitting elements 41, and different groups of light-emitting elements 41 in the same pixel unit 40 can be used to emit different colors of light. The pixel unit 40 can be composed of a single group of light-emitting elements 41 (e.g., in a monochrome display) or multiple groups of light-emitting elements 41 (e.g., in a color display). For example, as... Figures 1-12 As shown, a pixel unit 40 may contain three light-emitting element groups 41, namely a red light-emitting element group 41R, a green light-emitting element group 41G, and a blue light-emitting element group 41B, which are used to emit red (R), green (G), and blue (B) primary color light respectively, and achieve full-color display through the mixing of the three colors.

[0169] In some embodiments, the pixel unit 40 may also include four light-emitting element groups 41, for example, using an RGBW (red, green, blue, white) configuration to improve brightness or color gamut. This embodiment of the invention does not specifically limit this.

[0170] Each light-emitting element group 41 includes at least one first light-emitting element 201 (for shared mode) and at least one second light-emitting element 202 (for privacy mode), both of which functionally correspond to the same color channel.

[0171] The light-emitting element group 41 includes at least one first light-emitting element 201 and at least one second light-emitting element 202. For example, the red light-emitting element group 41R includes at least one red first light-emitting element 201R and one red second light-emitting element 202R, the green light-emitting element group 41G includes at least one green first light-emitting element 201G and at least one green second light-emitting element 202G, and the blue light-emitting element group 41B includes at least one blue first light-emitting element 201B and at least one blue second light-emitting element 202B.

[0172] Among them, the first light-emitting element 201 of each color (such as the red first light-emitting element 201R, the green first light-emitting element 201G, and the blue first light-emitting element 201B) is configured to work in the shared mode. The corresponding light-blocking structure 300 has a large opening, which can support an effective viewing range of ±50° horizontally and +20° / -10° vertically, ensuring high brightness and color uniformity under a wide viewing angle.

[0173] The second light-emitting elements 202 of each color (such as red second light-emitting element 202R, green second light-emitting element 202G, and blue second light-emitting element 202B) are configured to operate in privacy mode. A more compact light-blocking structure 300 is arranged around them, and the effective light emission angle can be limited to within ±45° horizontally to achieve privacy display.

[0174] In each light-emitting element group 41, the first light-emitting element 201 and the second light-emitting element 202 emit the same color and are closely arranged along the first direction X or the second direction Y, without any other light-emitting elements 20 in between. This ensures that the effective light-emitting areas in the sharing mode and the privacy mode are relatively close in space, avoiding image jumping or brightness flickering when switching between the sharing mode and the privacy mode.

[0175] Furthermore, within different light-emitting element groups 41 (regardless of whether their emission colors are the same), the relative arrangement direction of the first light-emitting element 201 and the second light-emitting element 202 is designed to be the same. Here, the arrangement direction refers to the relative orientation of the first light-emitting element 201 and the second light-emitting element 202 in the planar layout within the same light-emitting element group 41. For example, as... Figures 1-12 As shown, in each light-emitting element group 41, the first light-emitting element 201 is located on the upper side, and the second light-emitting element 202 is located on the lower side, and the two are arranged side by side along the second direction Y; this arrangement is consistent in all light-emitting element groups 41. Thus, the entire pixel unit 40 presents a highly symmetrical and periodic structural layout, which is conducive to achieving stable switching between sharing mode and privacy mode, and avoiding phenomena such as image jumping or brightness flickering during switching.

[0176] Optional, such as Figures 1-12 As shown, in the light-emitting element group 41, the number of first light-emitting elements 201 and the number of second light-emitting elements 202 are the same.

[0177] In the light-emitting element group 41, the number of first light-emitting elements 201 and the number of second light-emitting elements 202 have a 1:1 correspondence. For example, each light-emitting element group 41 includes one first light-emitting element 201 and one second light-emitting element 202.

[0178] With this setting, since the number of light-emitting elements 20 used for light emission is the same in both shared mode and privacy mode, it is beneficial to achieve a smooth brightness transition when switching modes and avoid brightness jumps caused by differences in the number of light-emitting elements 20.

[0179] Figure 19 This is a partial structural diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 19 As shown, optionally, in the light-emitting element group 41, the number of second light-emitting elements 201 is greater than the number of first light-emitting elements 201.

[0180] Among them, such as Figure 10 As shown, if the size of the second light-emitting element 202 is large, the distance between the light-blocking layer 30 and the second light-emitting element 202 needs to be increased, i.e., the height of the light-blocking layer 30 needs to be increased to effectively block light beyond 45°. However, after increasing the height of the light-blocking layer 30, large-angle light at 90° will not be blocked by the increased-height light-blocking layer 30. At this point, the width of the light-blocking layer 30 needs to be further increased to block large-angle light at approximately 90°. This will cause the light-blocking layer 30 to expand laterally, encroaching on the light-emitting area of ​​adjacent light-emitting elements 20 (such as the first light-emitting element 201). As a result, an excessively wide light-blocking layer 30 will partially block the effective light emission of adjacent light-emitting elements 20 in the forward viewing direction, causing a decrease in brightness at the main viewing angle and affecting the display effect.

[0181] Therefore, in this embodiment, as Figure 19 As shown, in the light-emitting element group 41, the number of second light-emitting elements 202 is designed to be greater than the number of first light-emitting elements 201. For example, a ratio of 1:2, 1:3, or 2:3 can be used, meaning that each first light-emitting element 201 corresponds to multiple second light-emitting elements 202. For example, as... Figure 19 As shown, a light-emitting element group 41 includes a first light-emitting element 201 and two second light-emitting elements 202. The two second light-emitting elements 202 can be arranged side by side on one side of the first light-emitting element 201, and the three emit the same light color.

[0182] Specifically, the original large-sized second light-emitting element 202 in the light-emitting element group 41 is split into two or more smaller second light-emitting elements 202. With the reduced light-emitting area of ​​each second light-emitting element 202, under the same viewing angle occlusion requirements (e.g., brightness <0.5% outside 45°), the required height and width of the light-blocking structure corresponding to each second light-emitting element 202 can be reduced accordingly. This reduces the risk of the light-blocking structure intruding into the front-view light path of adjacent light-emitting elements 20. Especially in high pixel density designs, the reduction in the size of the light-blocking structure can effectively prevent the light emitted from adjacent light-emitting elements 20 from being blocked due to an excessively wide light-blocking structure, thereby ensuring the overall front brightness and aperture ratio of the panel.

[0183] Optional, such as Figure 19 As shown, in the light-emitting element group 41, the arrangement direction of the first light-emitting element 201 and the second light-emitting element 202 intersects with the arrangement direction of the second light-emitting element 202.

[0184] Specifically, such as Figure 19 As shown, in the light-emitting element group 41, the overall arrangement direction of the first light-emitting element 201 and the second light-emitting element 202 is perpendicular to (or at a certain angle to) the arrangement direction of the multiple second light-emitting elements 202 relative to each other.

[0185] For example, such as Figure 19 As shown, the first light-emitting element 201 and the second light-emitting element 202 are arranged adjacent to each other along the second direction Y (for example, the first light-emitting element 201 is on top and the second light-emitting element 202 is below), and the multiple split second light-emitting elements 202 are arranged sequentially with each other along the first direction X.

[0186] In this way, each second light-emitting element 202 can be arranged adjacent to the first light-emitting element 201. Since each second light-emitting element 202 is close to the first light-emitting element 201, the two are relatively close in spatial position, which can ensure that the effective light-emitting area in the sharing mode and the privacy mode is relatively close in space, avoiding phenomena such as image jumping or brightness flickering when switching between the sharing mode and the privacy mode.

[0187] Optional, such as Figure 1 As shown, the light-emitting element group 41 in the pixel unit 40 includes a first light-emitting element group 411, a second light-emitting element group 412, and a third light-emitting element group 413. The first light-emitting element group 411, the second light-emitting element group 412, and the third light-emitting element group 413 emit different colors. The arrangement direction of the first light-emitting element group 411 and the second light-emitting element group 412 intersects with the arrangement direction of the first light-emitting element group 411 and the third light-emitting element group 413, while the arrangement direction of the first light-emitting element group 411 and the third light-emitting element group 413 is parallel to the arrangement direction of the second light-emitting element group 412 and the third light-emitting element group 413.

[0188] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first light-emitting element group 411, the second light-emitting element group 412, and the third light-emitting element group 413 in the pixel unit 40 emit different colors, which can be used to achieve color display.

[0189] For example, such as Figure 1As shown, the first light-emitting element group 411 is used to emit red light, i.e., it serves as the red light-emitting element group 41R; the second light-emitting element group 412 is used to emit green light, i.e., it serves as the green light-emitting element group 41G; and the third light-emitting element group 413 is used to emit blue light, i.e., it serves as the blue light-emitting element group 41B. Through the coordinated operation of the red, green, and blue primary color light-emitting element groups 41, the pixel unit 40 can achieve full-color display.

[0190] Furthermore, in pixel unit 40, the arrangement direction of the first light-emitting element group 411 and the third light-emitting element group 413 is the same as the arrangement direction of the second light-emitting element group 412 and the third light-emitting element group 413; the arrangement direction of the first light-emitting element group 411 and the second light-emitting element group 412 intersects with the arrangement direction of the first light-emitting element group 411 and the third light-emitting element group 413 (or in other words, the arrangement direction of the second light-emitting element group 412 and the third light-emitting element group 413).

[0191] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first light-emitting element group 411 and the second light-emitting element group 412 are arranged along the first direction X (horizontal direction, such as the first light-emitting element group 411 on the left and the second light-emitting element group 412 on the right); the first light-emitting element group 411 and the third light-emitting element group 413 are arranged along the second direction Y (vertical direction, such as the first light-emitting element group 411 on top and the third light-emitting element group 413 on the bottom); the second light-emitting element group 412 and the third light-emitting element group 413 are also arranged along the second direction Y (vertical direction, such as the second light-emitting element group 412 on top and the third light-emitting element group 413 on the bottom).

[0192] Figure 20 This is a partial structural diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 20 As shown, optionally, the first light-emitting element group 411 and the second light-emitting element group 412 are arranged along the second direction Y (vertical direction, such as the first light-emitting element group 411 at the bottom and the second light-emitting element group 412 at the top), and the first light-emitting element group 411 and the third light-emitting element group 413 are arranged along the first direction X (horizontal direction, such as the first light-emitting element group 411 on the left and the third light-emitting element group 413 on the right); the second light-emitting element group 412 and the third light-emitting element group 413 are also arranged along the first direction X (such as the second light-emitting element group 412 on the left and the third light-emitting element group 413 on the right).

[0193] The above layout results in a compact structure, saves more space, and allows for the arrangement of more pixels within the same area, thus improving resolution (PPI). Meanwhile, the tri-color light-emitting element group 41 is dispersed on a two-dimensional plane, which improves color consistency across all viewing angles.

[0194] Optional, such as Figures 3-18As shown, the display panel also includes a touch function layer 50, which is located on the side of the light-blocking layer 30 near the substrate 10. The touch function layer 50 includes touch traces 501. The light-blocking layer 30 covers the touch traces 501 in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10.

[0195] Specifically, the touch function layer 50 is used to implement touch sensing function, thereby enabling the display panel to have touch interaction capability.

[0196] like Figures 3-18 As shown, the touch function layer 50 is disposed between the substrate 10 and the light-blocking layer 30. This embedded design helps to achieve the integration of display and touch, and reduces the thickness of the display module.

[0197] The touch functional layer 50 includes touch traces 501, which are typically made of a metallic material (such as copper, aluminum, silver, or their alloys) or a transparent conductive oxide (such as ITO). The touch traces 501 can be arranged in a grid, diamond, or other pattern to sense the user's touch position. The touch traces 501 are isolated from each other by a touch insulating layer 502, forming a complete self-capacitive or mutual-capacitive touch network.

[0198] For example, such as Figures 3-18 As shown, the touch function layer 50 includes two touch metal layers, namely a first touch metal layer TM1 and a second touch metal layer TM2. The second touch metal layer TM2 is located on the side of the first touch metal layer TM1 away from the substrate 10. Both the first touch metal layer TM1 and the second touch metal layer TM2 are provided with touch traces 501.

[0199] Taking the design of a self-capacitive touch solution as an example, optionally, the touch trace 501 of the second touch metal layer TM2 can be used as a touch electrode, and the touch trace 501 of the first touch metal layer TM1 can be used as a connection trace of the touch electrode.

[0200] Taking the design of a mutual capacitance touch scheme as an example, optionally, the touch trace 501 of the second touch metal layer TM2 can be used as a touch sensing electrode, and the touch trace 501 of the first touch metal layer TM1 can be used as a touch driving electrode; or, the touch trace 501 of the second touch metal layer TM2 can be used as both a touch driving electrode and a touch sensing electrode, and the touch trace 501 of the first touch metal layer TM1 can be used as a connection bridge between one of the touch driving electrode and the touch sensing electrode.

[0201] Among them, the touch trace 501 usually has a high reflectivity. If it is directly exposed to the display surface, it is easy to produce visible metallic reflections under strong ambient light, which will interfere with the display screen.

[0202] In this embodiment, by optimizing the layout of the light-blocking layer 30, it covers the touch traces 501 in the thickness direction of the display panel. That is, the vertical projection of the light-blocking layer 30 on the substrate 10 covers the vertical projection of the touch traces 501 on the substrate 10, which can effectively absorb or block reflected light and stray light from the touch traces 501, eliminate reflected light interference, and improve display contrast and purity.

[0203] In some embodiments, such as Figures 3-18 As shown, the display panel also includes a thin film encapsulation layer 60, which is located on one side of the substrate 10. Specifically, it can be stacked between the light-emitting element 20 and the light-blocking layer 30, or further disposed between the light-emitting element 20 and the touch function layer 50, to isolate moisture and oxygen, protect the light-emitting element 20 from environmental corrosion, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the device.

[0204] In some embodiments, such as Figures 3-18 As shown, the thin-film encapsulation layer 60 includes two inorganic encapsulation layers 601 and one organic encapsulation layer 602. The organic encapsulation layer 602 is sandwiched between the two inorganic encapsulation layers 601, forming an "inorganic-organic-inorganic" sandwich structure.

[0205] The inorganic encapsulation layer 601 can be formed from dense inorganic materials such as silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxide (SiOx) or silicon oxynitride (SiON) through chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or atomic layer deposition (ALD), and has excellent water and oxygen barrier properties.

[0206] The organic encapsulation layer 602 can be formed by coating or inkjet printing of flexible organic materials such as acrylic resin, epoxy resin or polyimide. It is used to planarize the surface roughness of the underlying inorganic layer, relieve stress concentration, and prevent the inorganic layer from cracking.

[0207] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present invention also provide a display device. Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 21 As shown, the display device 70 includes the display panel 71 described in any embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the display device 70 provided by the embodiments of the present invention has the technical effects of the technical solutions in any of the above embodiments. The explanations of the same or corresponding structures and terms as described in the above embodiments will not be repeated here.

[0208] The display device 70 provided in this embodiment of the invention can be Figure 21The vehicle display shown can also be any electronic product with display function, including but not limited to the following categories: mobile phones, televisions, laptops, desktop monitors, tablets, digital cameras, smart bracelets, smart glasses, medical devices, industrial control equipment, touch interactive terminals, etc. The embodiments of the present invention do not make any special limitations on this.

[0209] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0210] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A display panel, characterized in that, include: Substrate; A plurality of light-emitting elements are located on one side of the substrate, the light-emitting elements including a first light-emitting element and a second light-emitting element; The first light-emitting element emits light in shared mode, and the second light-emitting element emits light in privacy mode; A light-blocking layer is located on the side of the light-emitting element away from the substrate, and the light-blocking layer includes multiple light-blocking structures; Along the first direction, the light-blocking structure is distributed on both sides of the first light-emitting element, and the light-blocking structure is distributed on both sides of the second light-emitting element. Along the second direction, the light-blocking structure is distributed on both sides of the first light-emitting element, and the light-blocking structure is distributed on both sides of the second light-emitting element. The first direction is parallel to the plane where the substrate is located, the second direction is parallel to the plane where the substrate is located, and the first direction intersects the second direction.

2. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical projection of the light-blocking structure on the substrate surrounds the vertical projection of the first light-emitting element on the substrate; The vertical projection of the light-blocking structure on the substrate surrounds the vertical projection of the second light-emitting element on the substrate.

3. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the light-blocking structure includes a first light-blocking structure located on opposite sides of the first light-emitting element, and a second light-blocking structure located on opposite sides of the second light-emitting element; the distance between the first light-blocking structure and the first light-emitting element is greater than the distance between the second light-blocking structure and the second light-emitting element; Along the second direction, the light-blocking structure further includes a third light-blocking structure located on opposite sides of the first light-emitting element, and a fourth light-blocking structure located on opposite sides of the second light-emitting element.

4. The display panel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The light-blocking structure also includes a fifth light-blocking structure; In the plan view, along the first direction, the fifth light-blocking structure is located between two adjacent third light-blocking structures; Along the first direction, the distance between the fifth light-blocking structure and the first light-emitting element is less than the distance between the first light-blocking structure and the first light-emitting element; And / or, Along the second direction, the distance between the fifth light-blocking structure and the first light-emitting element is less than the distance between the third light-blocking structure and the first light-emitting element.

5. The display panel according to claim 4, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the distance between the fifth light-blocking structure and the first light-emitting element is greater than or equal to 0; Along the second direction, the distance between the fifth light-blocking structure and the first light-emitting element is greater than or equal to 0.

6. The display panel according to claim 3, characterized in that, Along the second direction, the third light-blocking structure includes a first light-blocking portion and a second light-blocking portion located on opposite sides of the first light-emitting element; Along the second direction, the distance between the first light-blocking portion and the first light-emitting element is different from the distance between the second light-blocking portion and the first light-emitting element.

7. The display panel according to claim 6, characterized in that, Along the second direction, the fourth light-blocking structure includes a third light-blocking portion and a fourth light-blocking portion located on opposite sides of the second light-emitting element; The arrangement direction of the first light-blocking portion and the second light-blocking portion is the same as the arrangement direction of the third light-blocking portion and the fourth light-blocking portion; Along the second direction, the distance between the first light-blocking portion and the first light-emitting element is equal to the distance between the third light-blocking portion and the second light-emitting element; And / or, Along the second direction, the distance between the second light-blocking portion and the first light-emitting element is equal to the distance between the fourth light-blocking portion and the second light-emitting element.

8. The display panel according to claim 3, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the distance between the first light-blocking structure and the first light-emitting element is greater than the distance between the third light-blocking structure and the first light-emitting element.

9. The display panel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The light-blocking layer includes a first light-blocking layer and a second light-blocking layer; The second light-blocking layer is located on the side of the first light-blocking layer away from the substrate; Both the first light-blocking layer and the second light-blocking layer have the second light-blocking structure.

10. The display panel according to claim 9, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the distance between the second light-blocking structure of the first light-blocking layer and the second light-emitting element is less than the distance between the second light-blocking structure of the second light-blocking layer and the second light-emitting element.

11. The display panel according to claim 10, characterized in that, The display panel also includes a first dimming layer; The first dimming layer includes a first dimming structure and a first dimming opening, which covers the second light-emitting element along a direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate. The angle between the side of the first dimming structure closest to the first dimming opening and the bottom surface of the first dimming structure is an acute angle.

12. The display panel according to claim 11, characterized in that, The display panel further includes a second dimming layer, which is located on the side of the first dimming layer away from the substrate, and the second dimming layer and the first dimming layer are located in adjacent film layers. The refractive index of the first dimming structure is less than the refractive index of the second dimming layer.

13. The display panel according to claim 11, characterized in that, The first dimming structure is located on the side of the second light-blocking layer closer to the substrate; Along a direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate, the second light-blocking layer does not overlap with the side of the first dimming structure near the first dimming opening.

14. The display panel according to claim 13, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the distance between the second light-blocking structure of the second light-blocking layer and the second light-emitting element is greater than the distance between the first dimming structure and the second light-emitting element.

15. The display panel according to claim 11, characterized in that, The first dimming structure is located on the side of the first light-blocking layer that faces away from the substrate; Along the first direction, the distance between the second light-blocking structure of the first light-blocking layer and the second light-emitting element is less than or equal to the distance between the first dimming structure and the second light-emitting element.

16. The display panel according to claim 10, characterized in that, The display panel further includes a third dimming layer, which includes a plurality of second dimming structures; Along a direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate, the second dimming structure covers the second light-emitting element; The angle between the side and bottom surfaces of the second dimming structure is an acute angle.

17. The display panel according to claim 16, characterized in that, The display panel further includes a second dimming layer, which is located on the side of the third dimming layer away from the substrate, and the second dimming layer and the third dimming layer are located in adjacent film layers; The refractive index of the second dimming structure is greater than that of the second dimming layer.

18. The display panel according to claim 16, characterized in that, The second dimming structure is located on the side of the second light-blocking layer closer to the substrate; Along the first direction, the distance between the second light-blocking structure and the second dimming structure of the second light-blocking layer is greater than or equal to 0.

19. The display panel according to claim 16, characterized in that, The second dimming structure is located on the side of the first light-blocking layer that faces away from the substrate; Along a direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate, the second light-blocking structure of the first light-blocking layer and the second dimming structure at least partially overlap.

20. The display panel according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first light-blocking structure is located only in the first light-blocking layer.

21. The display panel according to claim 9, characterized in that, The third and fourth light-blocking structures are located at least in the second light-blocking layer.

22. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display panel includes a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array, each pixel unit including at least one light-emitting element group, the light-emitting element group including at least one first light-emitting element and at least one second light-emitting element; In the light-emitting element group, the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element are arranged adjacent to each other, and the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element emit the same color. In different light-emitting element groups, the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element are arranged in the same direction.

23. The display panel according to claim 22, characterized in that, In the light-emitting element group, the number of the first light-emitting elements and the number of the second light-emitting elements are the same.

24. The display panel according to claim 22, characterized in that, In the light-emitting element group, the number of the second light-emitting elements is greater than the number of the first light-emitting elements.

25. The display panel according to claim 24, characterized in that, In the light-emitting element group, the arrangement direction of the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element intersects with the arrangement direction of the second light-emitting element.

26. The display panel according to claim 22, characterized in that, The light-emitting element group in the pixel unit includes a first light-emitting element group, a second light-emitting element group, and a third light-emitting element group, wherein the first light-emitting element group, the second light-emitting element group, and the third light-emitting element group emit different colors; The arrangement directions of the first light-emitting element group and the second light-emitting element group intersect with the arrangement directions of the first light-emitting element group and the third light-emitting element group, and the arrangement directions of the first light-emitting element group and the third light-emitting element group are parallel to the arrangement directions of the second light-emitting element group and the third light-emitting element group.

27. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display panel further includes a touch function layer, which is located on the side of the light-blocking layer close to the substrate, and includes touch wiring. The light-blocking layer covers the touch traces along a direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate.

28. A display device, characterized in that, Includes the display panel as described in any one of claims 1-27.

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