Safe feeding method and system for semi-coke carbonization furnace

Abstract

According to the safe feeding method and system for the semi-coke carbonization furnace, continuous and stable supply of materials is achieved, and the inert gas replacement link is introduced in the empty bin stage after the middle bin unloads the materials to the carbonization furnace. Inert gas is utilized to purge and replace the space of the intermediate bin in a positive pressure environment, and hazardous gas can be directionally collected and treated through a special gas recovery assembly, so that the phenomenon that the hazardous gas cannot be recovered when a first gate valve is subsequently opened to supplement materials to the intermediate bin is avoided; and the coal enters the top bin and even the whole plant space along with coal falling or airflow disturbance. The whole method is high in process automation degree, closed-loop control is formed through feedback of the material level transmitter, it is ensured that gas safety treatment is accompanied after each feeding operation, the intermittent feeding action is converted into the continuous safety maintenance process, and the feeding efficiency is improved. And the problems of combustion, explosion and personnel poisoning suffocation caused by excessive gas gathering in the factory building which puzzles the industry for a long time are solved.

Description

A safe feeding method and system for a semi-coke carbonization furnace Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of semi-coke production technology, specifically relating to a safe feeding method and system for semi-coke carbonization furnace. Background Technology

[0002] Semi-coke, also known as semi-coke, is a solid fuel product obtained by dry distillation and carbonization of non-caking or weakly caking coal under medium- and low-temperature conditions. Due to its excellent properties such as high fixed carbon, high chemical activity, low ash, low sulfur, and low aluminum, it is widely used in ferroalloys, calcium carbide, and fertilizer industries, and is an important carbon material and clean energy source. The semi-coke carbonization furnace is the core pyrolysis equipment for converting coal raw materials into semi-coke. The stability, sealing, and environmental friendliness of its feeding process directly affect the product quality, production efficiency, and waste gas emission control of the semi-coke.

[0003] Traditional semi-coke carbonization furnaces are mostly operated in an open or semi-open manner, which easily generates dust spillage during the feeding process. This not only causes raw material loss but also seriously pollutes the workshop and surrounding environment, making it difficult to meet increasingly stringent environmental regulations. Therefore, existing semi-coke production enterprises generally adopt a closed feeding process when feeding carbonization furnaces to prevent smoke and dust leakage.

[0004] However, since the carbonization furnace produces gases such as coal gas (carbon monoxide) and hydrogen during use, these gases enter the intermediate silo from the carbonization furnace during the existing feeding process. When the intermediate silo is being filled, these gases escape into the plant through the top coal bunker. Over time, this has led to an increase in the coal gas concentration in the plant, which may even exceed the maximum allowable concentration, thus posing a safety risk of combustion, explosion, and poisoning and asphyxiation of personnel. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to address the technical problem in the prior art that, during the existing feeding process, these gases enter the intermediate silo from the carbonization furnace and then escape into the plant through the top coal bunker when the intermediate silo is being filled, which has long led to an increase in the concentration of coal gas in the plant, even exceeding the maximum allowable concentration, and thus posing safety risks of combustion, explosion, and poisoning and asphyxiation of personnel, this invention provides a safe feeding method and system for a semi-coke carbonization furnace.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: Firstly, the present invention provides a safe feeding method for a semi-coke carbonization furnace, comprising: S1: Status detection: During the operation of the carbonization furnace, the material level in the furnace is monitored in real time by a material level transmitter, and it is determined whether a feeding operation is required. When the determination result indicates that a feeding operation is required, material is fed into the carbonization furnace through the intermediate silo; S2: Intermediate silo replacement: After the feeding operation is completed, inert gas is continuously introduced into the intermediate silo to maintain a positive pressure in the intermediate silo and replace harmful gases in the intermediate silo; S3: Intermediate silo replenishment: After the intermediate silo replacement is completed, material is replenished to the intermediate silo through the top silo; S4: Top silo replenishment: After replenishing the intermediate silo, a replenishment operation is performed on the top silo, and step S1 is repeated.

[0007] Optionally, step S2 includes: S2.1: After completing the feeding operation of the carbonization furnace, ensure that the first gate valve at the top of the intermediate silo and the second gate valve at the bottom of the intermediate silo are closed; S2.2: Open the air inlet valve and the vent valve on the intermediate silo, and replace the harmful gas in the intermediate silo through the inert gas supply component and the gas recovery component; S2.3: After the harmful gas replacement time in the intermediate silo reaches the set time, close the air inlet valve and the vent valve.

[0008] Optionally, when inputting inert gas in step S2.2, the steps include: S2.2.1: starting the inert gas supply component and the gas recovery component, first opening the vent valve at the top of the intermediate chamber, and then opening the inlet valve at the bottom of the intermediate chamber; S2.2.2: using the pressure detection component to detect the pressure in the intermediate chamber in real time to ensure that the intermediate chamber is in a positive pressure state; S2.2.3: using inert gas to replace the harmful gas in the intermediate chamber.

[0009] Optionally, in step S2.3, the set duration for replacing harmful gases in the intermediate chamber is determined based on the initial concentration of the target gas in the intermediate chamber, the volumetric flow rate of the inert gas, and the volume of the intermediate chamber, including: in, Let be the volume concentration of the target gas in the intermediate chamber at time t, where t is the replacement time, Q is the inert gas volumetric flow rate, and V is the volume of the intermediate chamber. This represents the initial concentration of the target gas in the intermediate chamber.

[0010] Secondly, the present invention provides a safe feeding system for a semi-coke carbonization furnace, used to implement the above-described safe feeding method for a semi-coke carbonization furnace. The system includes a top silo, an intermediate silo, and a carbonization furnace arranged sequentially from top to bottom. It also includes an inert gas supply component, a gas recovery component, a level transmitter, and a central control component. The inert gas supply component, the gas recovery component, and the level transmitter are all communicatively connected to the central control component. The level transmitter is installed in the carbonization furnace to monitor the material level in the furnace in real time and transmit the data to the central control component to determine whether a feeding operation is required. Under the control of the central control component, the inert gas supply component and the gas recovery component continuously input inert gas into the intermediate silo after the feeding operation is completed, and perform gas recovery to replace harmful gases in the intermediate silo.

[0011] Optionally, the intermediate compartment includes a first gate valve at the top inlet and a second gate valve at the bottom outlet; both the first gate valve and the second gate valve are electrically connected to the central control assembly.

[0012] Optionally, the intermediate chamber is connected to the gas recovery assembly via a vent valve and to the inert gas supply assembly via an inlet valve; the vent valve is located at the upper part of the intermediate chamber, and the inlet valve is located at the lower part of the intermediate chamber.

[0013] Optionally, both the vent valve and the intake valve are electrically controlled valves and are electrically connected to the central control assembly.

[0014] Optionally, the inert gas supply component is a nitrogen source.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a safe feeding method and system for a semi-coke carbonization furnace. In use, through four steps—orderly series state detection, intermediate silo replacement, intermediate silo replenishment, and top silo replenishment—this method not only achieves a continuous and stable supply of materials but also introduces an inert gas replacement stage during the empty silo phase after the intermediate silo unloads into the carbonization furnace. By using inert gas to purge and replace the intermediate silo space under positive pressure, these hazardous gases can be collected and treated directionally through a specialized gas recovery component. This prevents them from escaping into the top silo or even the entire plant space when the first gate valve is opened to replenish the intermediate silo, due to the falling coal or airflow disturbance.

[0016] The entire process of this invention is highly automated. Closed-loop control is formed through the feedback of the material level transmitter, ensuring that a gas safety treatment is carried out after each feeding operation. This transforms the intermittent feeding action into a continuous safety maintenance process, which greatly improves the safety level of semi-coke production and solves the long-standing industry problem of combustion, explosion, and personnel poisoning and asphyxiation risks caused by excessive gas accumulation in the plant. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the safe feeding method for semi-coke carbonization furnace in this invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the safe feeding system for semi-coke carbonization furnace in this invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the intermediate silo in this invention.

[0018] The components are: 1. Top silo; 2. Intermediate silo; 21. First gate valve; 22. Second gate valve; 23. Vent valve; 24. Inlet valve; 25. Pressure detection assembly; 26. High-level level transmitter; 27. Low-level level transmitter; 3. Carbonization furnace; 4. Inert gas supply assembly; 5. Gas recovery assembly; 6. Level transmitter. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0021] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0023] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figure to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation besides the orientation of the device as described in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0024] In existing technologies, the typical method for feeding semi-coke carbonization furnaces is to use a "dual-chamber, dual-valve" process: the material is moved to the top of the target carbonization furnace via a belt conveyor or unloading car, unloading into its top chamber, and then the upper and lower gate valves are used in conjunction with the intermediate chamber to achieve closed unloading. Specifically, when the carbonization furnace needs to be fed, the upper gate valve is closed and the lower gate valve is opened, unloading the coal temporarily stored in the intermediate chamber into the carbonization furnace. This ensures that the carbonization furnace remains in a relatively closed state throughout the entire feeding process, effectively controlling the leakage of smoke and dust, and basically meeting the requirements for environmentally friendly production.

[0025] However, since the carbonization furnace produces gases such as coal gas (carbon monoxide) and hydrogen during use, these gases enter the intermediate silo from the carbonization furnace during the existing feeding process. When the intermediate silo is being filled, these gases escape into the plant through the top silo. Over time, this has led to an increase in the coal gas concentration in the plant, which may even exceed the maximum allowable concentration, thus posing a safety risk of combustion, explosion, and poisoning and asphyxiation of personnel.

[0026] Example 1, referring to Figures 1, 2, and 3, illustrates a schematic diagram of the safe feeding method for a semi-coke carbonization furnace according to the present invention, including: S1: Status detection: During the use of the carbonization furnace 3, the material level in the carbonization furnace 3 is monitored in real time by the material level transmitter 6, and it is determined whether a feeding operation is required. When the determination result is that a feeding operation is required, the material is fed into the carbonization furnace 3 through the intermediate silo 2; S2: Replacement of intermediate silo 2: After the feeding operation is completed, inert gas is continuously introduced into the intermediate silo 2 to maintain the intermediate silo 2 at positive pressure, thereby replacing the harmful gas in the intermediate silo 2; S3: Replenishment of intermediate silo 2: After the replacement of intermediate silo 2 is completed, the intermediate silo 2 is replenished through the top silo 1; S4: Replenishment of top silo 1: After the intermediate silo 2 is replenished, the top silo 1 is replenished, and step S1 is repeated.

[0027] In this embodiment, the method employs four steps—orderly series state detection, intermediate silo 2 replacement, intermediate silo 2 refueling, and top silo 1 refueling—to achieve a continuous and stable supply of materials. Furthermore, it introduces an inert gas replacement stage after the intermediate silo 2 unloads material into the carbonization furnace 3. By using inert gas to purge and replace the space in the intermediate silo 2 under positive pressure, these hazardous gases can be collected and treated directionally through a dedicated gas recovery component 5. This prevents them from escaping into the top silo 1 or even the entire plant space when the first gate valve 21 is opened to refuel the intermediate silo 2, due to falling coal or airflow disturbances.

[0028] The entire process of this invention is highly automated. Closed-loop control is formed through the feedback of the material level transmitter 6, ensuring that a gas safety treatment is carried out after each feeding operation. This transforms the intermittent feeding action into a continuous safety maintenance process, which greatly improves the safety level of semi-coke production and solves the long-standing industry problem of combustion, explosion, and personnel poisoning and asphyxiation risks caused by excessive gas accumulation in the plant.

[0029] Furthermore, during the feeding operation of the carbonization furnace 3, it is first necessary to ensure that the first gate valve 21 at the top of the intermediate chamber 2 is closed, and then ensure that the air inlet valve 24 and the vent valve 23 on the intermediate chamber 2 are closed. Only then can the second gate valve 22 at the bottom of the intermediate chamber 2 be opened, so that the coal in the intermediate chamber 2 can fall smoothly into the carbonization furnace 3, and prevent the coal in the top chamber 1 from falling into the intermediate chamber 2 and entering the carbonization furnace 3, resulting in excessive feeding. After completing the feeding operation of the carbonization furnace 3, the second gate valve 22 at the bottom of the intermediate chamber 2 is closed.

[0030] It should be noted that, except during the process of replenishing material into the intermediate silo 2, the first gate valve 21 at the top of the intermediate silo is always closed, regardless of whether it is during normal use, the intermediate silo replacement stage, or the carbonization furnace feeding stage.

[0031] Optionally, step S2 in this invention includes: S2.1: After completing the feeding operation of the carbonization furnace 3, ensure that the first gate valve 21 at the top of the intermediate chamber 2 and the second gate valve 22 at the bottom of the intermediate chamber 2 are closed; S2.2: Open the air inlet valve 24 and the vent valve 23 on the intermediate chamber 2, and replace the harmful gas in the intermediate chamber 2 through the inert gas supply component 4 and the gas recovery component 5; S2.3: After the time for replacing the harmful gas in the intermediate chamber 2 reaches the set time, close the air inlet valve 24 and the vent valve 23.

[0032] In this embodiment, the first gate valve 21 and the second gate valve 22 are first closed to physically isolate the intermediate chamber 2 as an independent processing unit, which is a prerequisite for effective gas replacement. Subsequently, after confirming that the intermediate chamber 2 has formed a sealed space, the order of opening the vent valve 23 first and then the inlet valve 24 is crucial. This avoids the impact on the equipment caused by a sudden increase in pressure and ensures that the inert gas flows smoothly from the bottom to the top, resulting in the highest replacement efficiency. Continuous purging using a positive pressure environment ensures that the inert gas and residual harmful gases are fully mixed and the latter is driven away, without the risk of external air backflow introducing oxygen. The valves automatically close after the preset time is reached during the entire replacement process, forming a standardized and programmable safety subroutine. This solidifies the manual steps that might have been prone to operational errors or judgment deviations into reliable automatic control logic, ensuring the consistency of the replacement effect each time and making the stable application of the entire feeding method possible in complex industrial environments.

[0033] Optionally, when inputting inert gas in step S2.2 of the present invention, the steps include: S2.2.1: starting the inert gas supply component 4 and the gas recovery component 5, first opening the vent valve 23 at the top of the intermediate chamber 2, and then opening the inlet valve 24 at the bottom of the intermediate chamber 2; S2.2.2: using the pressure detection component 25 to detect the pressure in the intermediate chamber 2 in real time to ensure that the intermediate chamber 2 is in a positive pressure state; S2.2.3: using inert gas to replace the harmful gas in the intermediate chamber 2.

[0034] In this embodiment, after activating the inert gas supply component 4 and the gas recovery component 5, the vent valve 23 at the top of the intermediate chamber 2 is opened first, followed by the inlet valve 24 at the bottom of the intermediate chamber 2. This ensures that the gas in the intermediate chamber 2 is drawn out first, and then the inert gas is introduced, avoiding the pressure buildup problem caused by excessive pressure increase in the intermediate chamber 2 when the inert gas is directly introduced first, thus further improving safety. At the same time, the pressure detection component 25 monitors the pressure in the intermediate chamber 2 in real time to ensure that the intermediate chamber 2 is in a positive pressure state, thereby effectively replacing the harmful gases in the intermediate chamber 2 and ensuring the replacement effect.

[0035] Optionally, in step S2.3 of the present invention, the set duration for replacing harmful gases in the intermediate chamber 2 is determined based on the initial concentration of the target gas in the intermediate chamber 2, the volumetric flow rate of the inert gas, and the volume of the intermediate chamber 2, including: in, Q represents the volume concentration (%) of the target gas in intermediate chamber 2 at time t, where t is the replacement time in minutes and Q is the inert gas volume flow rate in cubic meters per second. 3 / min, V is the volume of intermediate compartment 2, unit: m 3 , Let t be the initial concentration (%) of the target gas in intermediate chamber 2, where t is the only variable.

[0036] In this embodiment, a method for determining the replacement time based on a mathematical model is introduced. The time is determined by explicitly setting the initial concentration of the target gas, the volumetric flow rate of the inert gas, and the volume of the intermediate chamber 2. A calculation model for concentration decay is also provided, enabling the operator or control system to dynamically calculate the precise time required to reach a safe concentration based on the actual situation. This avoids the problem of insufficient replacement when the initial concentration is high or excessive replacement when the initial concentration is low, which would lead to waste of inert gas when a fixed time is set.

[0037] Specifically, this embodiment clearly reveals the quantitative relationship between various parameters, so that each replacement operation is targeted, which can not only ensure that the concentration of harmful gases is reduced to below the safety threshold, but also save inert gas consumption to the maximum extent and reduce operating costs, providing a core algorithmic foundation for realizing intelligent and adaptive control.

[0038] Furthermore, the calculation formula in this embodiment is based on the reduction of the target gas in the volume per unit time = the amount of target gas discharged. The differential formula is derived from the complete gas displacement mixing mathematical model: -V×dC(t)=C(t)×Q×dt.

[0039] In a second aspect of Embodiment 2, referring to Figures 2 and 3, a schematic diagram of a safe feeding system for a semi-coke carbonization furnace according to the present invention is shown. This system implements the safe feeding method for the semi-coke carbonization furnace in Embodiment 1. It includes a top chamber 1, an intermediate chamber 2, and a carbonization furnace 3 connected sequentially from top to bottom. It also includes an inert gas supply component 4, a gas recovery component 5, a level transmitter 6, and a central control component. The inert gas supply component 4, the gas recovery component 5, and the level transmitter 6 are all communicatively connected to the central control component. The level transmitter 6 is installed on the carbonization furnace 3 and is used to monitor the material level in the carbonization furnace 3 in real time and transmit the data to the central control component to determine whether a feeding operation is required. Under the control of the central control component, the inert gas supply component 4 and the gas recovery component 5 continuously input inert gas into the intermediate chamber 2 after the feeding operation is completed, and perform gas recovery to replace harmful gases in the intermediate chamber 2.

[0040] In this embodiment, a highly integrated and automated system is provided. By connecting the top silo 1, intermediate silo 2, and carbonization furnace 3 from top to bottom, and integrating an inert gas supply component 4, a gas recovery component 5, a level transmitter 6, and a central control component, a fully functional execution unit is formed. The central control component, as the control and judgment core, receives real-time signals from the level transmitter 6 and coordinates the actions of all valves and gas components to realize the feeding and replacement processes in Embodiment 1. This system eliminates the need for complex and dangerous manual intervention by operators; all feeding, replacement, and replenishment processes can run automatically. It changes the traditional semi-open or manual-judgment-dependent feeding operation mode, transforming safety measures from management requirements into an integral part of the engineering design.

[0041] The communication connections between the components of this system ensure the synchronization of information flow and action flow. For example, the gas replacement program will only be triggered when the central control component confirms a low material level signal and the valve is in the correct state, thus avoiding misoperation and providing a basis for long-term and effective implementation in harsh industrial environments.

[0042] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the level transmitter 6 is a microwave level switch.

[0043] Optionally, the intermediate compartment 2 in this invention includes a first gate valve 21 disposed at the top inlet and a second gate valve 22 disposed at the bottom outlet; both the first gate valve 21 and the second gate valve 22 are electrically connected to the central control assembly.

[0044] In this embodiment, the first gate valve 21 is located between the top chamber 1 and the intermediate chamber 2, controlling the feeding of material into the intermediate chamber 2; the second gate valve 22 is located between the intermediate chamber 2 and the carbonization furnace 3, controlling the feeding of material into the carbonization furnace 3; these two gate valves are switches for the central control component to precisely manage the material flow and separate different process stages (feeding stage, replacement stage, and replenishment stage). They are electrically connected to the central control component, which means that their opening and closing status can be remotely monitored and programmed, thereby realizing a fully automatic control process.

[0045] For example, when intermediate compartment 2 needs to be replaced, the central control assembly ensures and confirms that both valves are reliably closed before safely opening intake valve 24 and vent valve 23. This design eliminates delays, errors, or omissions that may occur with manual valve operation, ensuring the strict sequence of process steps and the reliability of sealing isolation. The application of electrically controlled valves also facilitates status feedback and fault diagnosis, improving the maintainability and safety level of the system.

[0046] Optionally, the intermediate chamber 2 in this invention is connected to the gas recovery assembly 5 via a vent valve 23 and to the inert gas supply assembly 4 via an inlet valve 24; the vent valve 23 is located at the upper part of the intermediate chamber 2 and the inlet valve 24 is located at the lower part of the intermediate chamber 2.

[0047] In this embodiment, the vent valve 23 is located at the upper part of the intermediate chamber 2, and the inlet valve 24 is located at the lower part of the intermediate chamber 2. This is based on the fundamental principle of gas replacement: inert gas (such as nitrogen) is introduced from the bottom, which helps to drive and replace residual coal gas, hydrogen, and other gases upwards, allowing them to be discharged from the top vent valve 23. This "bottom-in, top-out" method can form an effective piston flow, reduce dead zones, and achieve high replacement efficiency. The establishment of these two dedicated valves ensures that the inert gas supply and harmful gas recovery pipelines are completely independent from the material channels, avoiding cross-contamination. As dedicated channel control valves for the gas replacement stage, they are clearly functionally distinct from the material gate valve. This structural layout not only optimizes the process effect but also makes the system piping design clearer and facilitates maintenance and debugging.

[0048] Furthermore, the intermediate silo 2 in this invention is also equipped with a pressure detection component 25, a high-level material level transmitter 26, and a low-level material level transmitter 27, all of which are communicatively connected to the central control component. The pressure detection component 25 is used to monitor the pressure in the intermediate silo 2 in real time when the intermediate silo 2 is being replaced with harmful gases to ensure that the intermediate silo 2 is under positive pressure. The high-level material level transmitter 26 is used to monitor the material level in the intermediate silo 2 when the intermediate silo 2 is being replenished to avoid overflow. The low-level material level transmitter 27 is used to monitor the material level in the intermediate silo 2 in real time during the process of feeding the carbonization furnace 3 to determine whether the feeding operation has been completed.

[0049] Furthermore, when feeding material into the carbonization furnace 3, all the material in the intermediate silo 2 is fed into the carbonization furnace 3. The volume of the carbonization furnace 3 can at least completely accommodate the coal material in the intermediate silo 2 and meet the material level setting requirements. When the material level setting requirements are met, the material level transmitter 6 outputs a material level signal to the central control component, thereby determining that the feeding operation of the carbonization furnace 3 is complete, closing the second gate valve 22, and replacing the intermediate silo 2.

[0050] Optionally, the vent valve 23 and the intake valve 24 in this invention are both electrically controlled valves and are electrically connected to the central control assembly.

[0051] In this embodiment, the electrically controlled valves can respond to millisecond-level electrical signals emitted by the central control component, enabling rapid and accurate opening and closing. Their electrical connection with the central control component allows the valve status to be monitored in real time. The central control component can determine whether the valve is in position based on program logic, thereby deciding whether to execute the next operation, forming a strict safety interlock.

[0052] For example, the central control unit will only allow the first gate valve 21 to be opened to replenish the intermediate chamber 2 after confirming that both the vent valve 23 and the intake valve 24 are completely closed, thus preventing accidental leakage of harmful gases. Integrating these two valves into a unified electronic control network increases the automation level of the entire system, reduces manual intervention, and improves response speed and overall reliability.

[0053] Optionally, the inert gas supply component 4 in this invention is a nitrogen source.

[0054] In this embodiment, the inert gas supply component 4 is specifically a nitrogen source, which is widely available and relatively inexpensive, and can be easily obtained through air separation equipment, liquid nitrogen vaporization, or a nitrogen generator. Nitrogen itself is non-toxic, odorless, and chemically extremely stable, and will not react with any component of the gas in the carbonization furnace 3, making it an ideal medium for gas replacement. Using a nitrogen source can effectively reduce the long-term operating costs of the system and simplify gas supply costs.

[0055] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0056] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A safe feeding method for a semi-coke carbonization furnace, characterized in that, include: S1: Status detection: During the use of the carbonization furnace (3), the material level in the carbonization furnace (3) is monitored in real time by the material level transmitter (6), and it is determined whether a feeding operation is required. When the determination result is that a feeding operation is required, the material is fed into the carbonization furnace (3) through the intermediate silo (2); S2: Replacement of intermediate silo (2): After the feeding operation is completed, inert gas is continuously input into the intermediate silo (2) to maintain the intermediate silo (2) at positive pressure and replace the harmful gas in the intermediate silo (2); S3: Replenishment of intermediate silo (2): After the replacement of intermediate silo (2) is completed, the intermediate silo (2) is replenished through the top silo (1); S4: Top bin (1) replenishment: After replenishing the middle bin (2), replenish the top bin (1) and repeat step S1.

2. The safe feeding method for a semi-coke carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 includes: S2.1: After completing the feeding operation of the carbonization furnace (3), ensure that the first gate valve (21) at the top of the intermediate chamber (2) and the second gate valve (22) at the bottom of the intermediate chamber (2) are closed; S2.2: Open the air inlet valve (24) and the vent valve (23) on the intermediate chamber (2), and replace the harmful gas in the intermediate chamber (2) through the inert gas supply component (4) and the gas recovery component (5); S2.3: After the time for replacing the harmful gas in the intermediate chamber (2) reaches the set time, close the air inlet valve (24) and the vent valve (23).

3. The safe feeding method for a semi-coke carbonization furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the inert gas is input in step S2.2, the steps include: S2.2.1: starting the inert gas supply component (4) and the gas recovery component (5), first opening the vent valve (23) at the top of the intermediate chamber (2), and then opening the air inlet valve (24) at the bottom of the intermediate chamber (2); S2.2.2: using the pressure detection component (25) to detect the pressure in the intermediate chamber (2) in real time to ensure that the intermediate chamber (2) is in a positive pressure state; S2.2.3: using inert gas to replace the harmful gas in the intermediate chamber (2).

4. The safe feeding method for a semi-coke carbonization furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S2.3, the set duration for replacing harmful gases in the intermediate chamber (2) is determined based on the initial concentration of the target gas, the volumetric flow rate of the inert gas, and the volume of the intermediate chamber (2), including: in, Let Q be the volume concentration of the target gas in intermediate chamber (2) at time t, where t is the replacement time, Q is the volumetric flow rate of the inert gas, and V is the volume of intermediate chamber (2). The initial concentration of the target gas in the intermediate chamber (2) is given.

5. A safe feeding system for a semi-coke carbonization furnace, used to implement the safe feeding method for a semi-coke carbonization furnace as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising a top silo (1), an intermediate silo (2), and a carbonization furnace (3) arranged sequentially from top to bottom, characterized in that, It also includes an inert gas supply component (4), a gas recovery component (5), a level transmitter (6), and a central control component. The inert gas supply component (4), the gas recovery component (5), and the level transmitter (6) are all connected to the central control component. The level transmitter (6) is installed in the carbonization furnace (3) to monitor the material level in the carbonization furnace (3) in real time and transmit it to the central control component to determine whether a feeding operation is required. The inert gas supply component (4) and the gas recovery component (5) are used to continuously input inert gas into the intermediate silo (2) after the feeding operation is completed in the intermediate silo (2) under the control of the central control component, and to perform gas recovery to replace the harmful gas in the intermediate silo (2).

6. The safe feeding system for a semi-coke carbonization furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that, The intermediate compartment (2) includes a first gate valve (21) at the top inlet and a second gate valve (22) at the bottom outlet; both the first gate valve (21) and the second gate valve (22) are electrically connected to the central control assembly.

7. The safe feeding system for a semi-coke carbonization furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that, The intermediate chamber (2) is connected to the gas recovery assembly (5) through a vent valve (23) and to the inert gas supply assembly (4) through an inlet valve (24); the vent valve (23) is located at the upper part of the intermediate chamber (2) and the inlet valve (24) is located at the lower part of the intermediate chamber (2).

8. The safe feeding system for a semi-coke carbonization furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that, Both the vent valve (23) and the intake valve (24) are electrically controlled valves and are electrically connected to the central control assembly.

9. The safe feeding system for a semi-coke carbonization furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inert gas supply component (4) is a nitrogen source.

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