Foundation bed riprapping and leveling integrated device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of foundation bed riprapping and leveling, in particular to a foundation bed riprapping and leveling integrated device. Comprising a trolley assembly, a riprap assembly comprises a riprap vibration pipe and a hopper, the riprap vibration pipe is vertically arranged in a trolley, and the hopper is fixed to the trolley; the vibration assembly comprises a riprap vibration pipe and a vibration hammer located below the riprap vibration pipe, the riprap vibration pipe comprises a vertically-arranged discharging pipe and a discharging pipe which is located below the discharging pipe and obliquely extends forwards and downwards, and a scraping head is arranged at the bottom of the discharging pipe; the vibration hammer and the scraping head are adjacently arranged front and back, the telescopic structure adjusts the relative height of the scraping head and the ramming plate, when the height of the scraping head is lower than a certain height of the ramming plate, thrown stones are riprapped through the riprapping vibration pipe and the scraping head, and meanwhile the vibration hammer drives the ramming plate to conduct vibration leveling operation on a foundation bed after riprapping. Synchronous construction of riprapping and vibration leveling is achieved, the riprapping and vibration tamping functions are achieved through the same structure, the equipment investment is reduced, and the construction cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of subgrade ballast leveling technology, and in particular to an integrated subgrade ballast leveling device. Background Technology

[0002] Gravity-type wharves are a widely distributed and commonly used type of wharf structure in my country, known for their good durability and high load-bearing capacity. Rock placement and compaction leveling are crucial steps in the foundation construction of gravity-type structures, and their quality directly affects the stability and service life of the entire wharf structure.

[0003] Currently, both domestically and internationally, specialized leveling equipment is widely used in gravity-type foundation construction. This type of leveling equipment typically includes separate rock-throwing pipes and vibratory leveling devices, responsible for rock-throwing and compaction respectively. However, this modular structure presents several problems in practical applications: First, the manufacturing cost of the entire system is high, the structure is complex, and the design and processing are cumbersome; second, its installation and disassembly are inconvenient, affecting construction efficiency; third, due to the large size of the equipment, it often requires a dedicated mother ship for operation, and these mother ships are typically large in tonnage, placing high demands on the ship's machinery and equipment, further increasing the overall operating cost and scheduling complexity of the construction system.

[0004] Therefore, developing a new type of leveling equipment that is simple to construct, inexpensive, detachable and transportable, and capable of performing both rock-throwing and leveling tasks without relying on large mother ships has become an important research topic. Breakthroughs in this technology will not only improve the operational efficiency of gravity wharf foundation construction but also significantly reduce project costs, possessing broad application prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of the existing technologies, this invention provides an integrated bed rock-throwing and leveling device that simultaneously performs the functions of rock-throwing, compaction, and leveling, with low manufacturing cost and high operating efficiency.

[0006] This invention provides an integrated device for leveling and slab-filling a subgrade bed, comprising: A trolley assembly includes a trolley track disposed on a dumping vessel and a trolley that slides along the trolley track; A stone-throwing assembly includes a stone-throwing vibrating tube and a hopper, wherein the stone-throwing vibrating tube is vertically arranged inside the trolley and the hopper is fixed on the trolley; The vibration assembly includes the stone-throwing vibrating tube and a vibrating hammer located below the stone-throwing vibrating tube, with a tamping plate provided at the bottom of the vibrating hammer; in, The stone-throwing vibrating pipe includes a vertically arranged feeding pipe and a discharge pipe located below the feeding pipe and extending forward and downward at an angle. A scraper head is provided at the bottom of the discharge pipe. The feeding pipe continues to extend downward along its axial direction to form a mounting part. The vibrating hammer is fixed below the mounting part. The scraper head is arranged adjacent to the vibrating hammer in front and behind. The leveling head is connected to a telescopic structure, which allows the leveling head to move vertically up and down, adjusting the relative height between the leveling head and the tamping plate. This allows the riprap to be thrown through the feeding pipe, the unloading pipe, and the leveling head, while the tamping plate of the vibratory hammer vibrates and levels the riprap-filled base behind the leveling head, achieving simultaneous riprap throwing and vibratory leveling.

[0007] In this technical solution, the riprap vibrating pipe in the integrated riprap leveling device for the base bed has both the function of a riprap pipe for riprap operation and the function of a vibrating pipe for vibrating and leveling the base bed through a vibrating hammer and a tamping plate. At the same time, the leveling head and the vibrating hammer are set up adjacent to each other. By adjusting the height of the leveling head, the relative position of the leveling head and the tamping plate in the vertical direction can be adjusted, so that both leveling and vibrating leveling operations can be performed at the same time. The overall structure is simple to manufacture, low in cost, and easy to disassemble.

[0008] In some embodiments of this application, the top of the vibratory hammer is connected to the lifting assembly. In order to ensure that the vibratory hammer is subjected to uniform force when adjusting its height and to avoid tilting of the tamping plate, two sets of lifting assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the top of the vibratory hammer. The lifting assemblies adjust the height of the vibratory hammer according to the height of the base bed leveling. Each lifting assembly includes a winch, a guide wheel, a fixed pulley, and a movable pulley. The winch, the guide wheel, and the fixed pulley are mounted on the trolley. After the wire rope of the winch passes through the guide wheel and the fixed pulley in sequence, the direction of the wire rope changes from horizontal to vertically downward. The movable pulley is located at the end of the wire rope, and the vibrating hammer is connected below the movable pulley. The winch adjusts the height of the movable pulley via a wire rope, thereby adjusting the height of the vibratory hammer.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, a vibration damping component is provided below each of the movable pulleys, and the vibratory hammer is fixed below the vibration damping component. The vibration damping component enables the vibratory hammer to operate without stopping when adjusting its height, thereby reducing vibration on the vibratory hammer. The vibration damping component includes two vertically arranged springs side by side, with the top of the springs fixed to the bottom of the movable pulley and the bottom of the springs fixed to the top of the vibratory hammer.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, the telescopic structure is a telescopic hydraulic cylinder. The cylinder of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is vertically fixed to the bottom of the unloading pipe. The bottom of the piston rod of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the scraper head. The extension and retraction direction of the piston rod of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is parallel to the axial direction of the unloading pipe. The extension or retraction of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder drives the scraper head to descend or rise, adjusting the relative height between the scraper head and the tamping plate.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, the angle between the central axis of the feed pipe and the central axis of the discharge pipe is 45°, which facilitates the smooth flow of the riprap from the feed pipe to the discharge pipe. To ensure the stone-throwing and leveling function is achieved, and to minimize the distance and weight between the leveling head and the vibratory hammer, the distance between the front end of the vibratory hammer and the rear end of the leveling head is 200-220mm. After the stone material passes through the feeding pipe, the unloading pipe, and the leveling head, the tamping plate at the bottom of the vibratory hammer can perform remedial scraping of the stone material to ensure the height difference of the bottom layer of stone and achieve high-precision stone-throwing.

[0012] In some embodiments of this application, a plurality of feeding ports are provided on one side of the feeding pipe from top to bottom, and each feeding port is provided with a protective plate for opening or covering the feeding port. The hopper is located on the side of the trolley opposite to the feeding port.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, the hopper is hinged to the trolley, and the hopper rotates relative to the trolley between a vertical state and a working state; when the hopper is in the working state, the excavator throws stones into the hopper, and the discharge port of the hopper is directly opposite the feeding port of the discharge pipe opened below the trolley, and the thrown stones enter the discharge pipe through the feeding port; when the hopper is in the vertical state, the hopper is located on one side of the trolley, and the hopper is in a towing state.

[0014] In some embodiments of this application, in order to improve leveling efficiency, the bottom plate of the tamping plate is rectangular, and vertical side plates are provided on both sides of the bottom plate. The side plates are trapezoidal with a narrow top and a wide bottom. A top plate is provided on the top of the two side plates. The top plate is fixed to the hammer cage of the vibratory hammer. Ribs are evenly provided between the bottom plate and the top plate, so that the tamping plate can withstand the combined force of the vibratory hammer, the hammer cage and the stone-throwing vibrating tube.

[0015] In some embodiments of this application, the integrated bed rock-filling and leveling device further includes a measurement and control system, which includes a ship positioning system, a vibration compaction elevation measurement and control system, and a leveling measurement and control system; The ship positioning system includes a first positioning GPS and a second positioning GPS respectively installed at the bow and stern of the dumping vessel. Before precise positioning, the dumping vessel calculates the coordinates of the first positioning GPS and the second positioning GPS according to the ship layout diagram and inputs them into the ship guidance system to generate the target ship position. The vibration compaction elevation measurement and control system includes a third elevation GPS installed at the top of the riprap vibratory pipe, which can measure the elevation of the compaction plate in real time. The leveling measurement and control system includes the third elevation GPS and a displacement sensor installed on the telescopic cylinder to monitor the vertical displacement of the leveling head, thereby realizing the monitoring of the leveling elevation.

[0016] In some embodiments of this application, an excavator feeds material into the hopper, a material supply vessel is moored to the dumping vessel, the excavator is mounted on the material supply vessel, the material on the material supply vessel is filled into the hopper, and then dumped from the hopper onto the foundation bed through the feeding port on the rock-filling vibrating pipe.

[0017] Based on the above technical solution, the riprap vibrating pipe in the integrated riprap leveling device for the subgrade has both the function of a riprap pipe for riprap operation and the function of a vibrating pipe for vibrating and leveling the subgrade through a vibrating hammer and a tamping plate. At the same time, the vibrating hammer and the leveling head are set up adjacent to each other. By adjusting the height of the leveling head, the relative position of the leveling head and the tamping plate in the vertical direction can be adjusted, so that both leveling and vibrating leveling operations can be performed, which can meet the requirements of various construction processes. The overall structure is simple to manufacture, low in cost, and easy to disassemble. The measurement and control system is a highly integrated system that can measure the elevation of the riprap in a timely and accurate manner under various construction conditions, solving the problem of abnormally high points in the riprap foundation and excessive riprap elevation differences. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the integrated bed rock-filling and leveling device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the integrated bed rock-filling and leveling device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the stone-throwing vibrating tube in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the lifting component, the stone-throwing vibrating tube, and the vibrating hammer in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of the lifting component, the stone-throwing vibrating tube, and the vibrating hammer from another perspective in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the feeding pipe, the unloading pipe, and the mounting part in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of the feeding pipe, unloading pipe, vibrating hammer, and scraper head in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ramming plate in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stone-throwing vibrating pipe guard plate in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of boulder control elevation calculation for the present invention.

[0019] In the picture: 10. Dumping vessel; 11. First positioning GPS; 12. Second positioning GPS; 13. Third elevation GPS; 20. Trolley assembly; 21. Trolley track; 22. Trolley; 221. Fixing frame; 30. Rock dumping assembly; 31. Rock dumping vibrating pipe; 311. Discharge pipe; 3111. Slide rail; 3112. Guard plate; 312. Discharge pipe; 3121. Discharge port; 313. Scraper head; 314. Installation part; 32. Hopper; 33. Telescopic cylinder; 40. Vibratory hammer; 41. Ramming plate; 411. Base plate; 412. Side plate; 413. Top plate; 414. Rib plate; 50. Lifting assembly; 51. Winch; 511. Wire rope; 52. Guide wheel; 53. Fixed pulley; 54. Moving pulley; 60. Vibration damping assembly; 61. Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0022] The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] The integrated bed riprap leveling device of this embodiment, such as Figures 1-9 As shown, it includes: The trolley assembly 20 includes a trolley track 21 mounted on the dumping vessel 10 and a trolley 22 that slides along the trolley track 21; in this embodiment, the trolley 22 is made of Q345 steel plate with a density of 7850 kg / m³. 3 The elastic modulus is taken as 2.1 × 10⁻⁶. 11 Pa, Poisson's ratio is 0.3, and yield strength is 3.45 × 10⁻⁶. 11 Pa; The stone-throwing assembly 30 includes a stone-throwing vibrating tube 31 and a hopper 32. The stone-throwing vibrating tube 31 is vertically arranged inside the trolley 22, and the hopper 32 is fixed on the trolley 22. The vibration assembly includes a stone-throwing vibrating tube 31 and a vibrating hammer 40 located below the stone-throwing vibrating tube 31, with a tamping plate 41 provided at the bottom of the vibrating hammer 40. The stone-throwing vibrating pipe 31 includes a vertically arranged feeding pipe 311 and a discharge pipe 312 extending forward and downward below the feeding pipe 311. The wall of the discharge pipe 312 is a closed structure, and its bottom opening forms a discharge port 3121. The discharge port 3121 is connected to the leveling head 313 through a flange. The leveling head 313 has the functions of stone throwing and leveling. In this embodiment, the planar dimensions of the leveling head 313 are 1.5m × 1.5m. The feeding pipe 311 continues to extend downward along its axial direction to form a cylindrical mounting part 314. Since the wall of the discharge pipe 312 is a closed structure, the stone material will not leak from the discharge pipe 312 into the mounting part 314. The vibrating hammer 40 is fixed below the mounting part 314 and is located behind the leveling head 313. The two are arranged adjacent to each other. The flattening head 313 is connected to the telescopic structure. In this embodiment, the telescopic structure consists of two telescopic cylinders 33 arranged at the front and rear. The cylinder of the telescopic cylinder 33 is vertically fixed to the bottom of the unloading pipe 312. The bottom of the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 33 is fixed to the flattening head 313. The extension and retraction direction of the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 33 is parallel to the axial direction of the unloading pipe 311, both being vertical. The extension or retraction of the telescopic cylinder 33 drives the flattening head 313 to descend or rise, adjusting the relative height between the flattening head 313 and the ramming plate 41. The vibratory hammer 40 and the leveling head 313 are arranged adjacent to each other, with the leveling head 313 located in front of the vibratory hammer 40. This allows for the first stone to be thrown and then leveled. In this embodiment, the stroke of the telescopic cylinder is 1200mm, and the vertical distance between the leveling head 313 and the tamping plate 41 is +50mm to -1000mm. That is, the leveling head 313 is at least 50mm lower than the tamping plate 41 and at most 1000mm higher than the tamping plate 41, thus satisfying the functions of leveling and vibratory compaction.

[0025] In this embodiment, due to the structural arrangement of the feeding pipe 311 and the unloading pipe 312 of the rock-throwing vibrating pipe 31, when the direction of moving the filling vessel 10 is towards the leveling head 313, that is, when moving the vessel, the leveling head is always located in front of the vibrating hammer, the simultaneous construction of rock-throwing and vibratory leveling can be achieved.

[0026] Rock placement and vibratory leveling can be carried out simultaneously. Based on the construction experience of rock placement in chutes, when constructing the bottom layer of the foundation bed, the distance between the leveling head 313 and the tamping plate 41 should be -100cm. Figure 7 As shown, the distance D between the leveling head and the tamping plate is 100cm. To account for the impact of synchronous construction, the leveling head is retracted to -100cm. The riprap is delivered through the feed pipe 311, discharge pipe 312, and leveling head 313. At the same time, the vibratory hammer 40 drives the tamping plate 41 to vibrate and level the foundation bed that has already been ripped behind it. This avoids the leveling head 313 coming into contact with the riprap during tamping and damaging the leveling head.

[0027] During vibration leveling, the rock-throwing vibrating tube 31 needs to drive the vibrating hammer 40 to reciprocate in a direction perpendicular to the base bed. In order to accurately constrain the direction of the reciprocating motion of the rock-throwing vibrating tube 31, a constraint device is set on the trolley 22. The constraint device includes a fixed frame 221 set around the rock-throwing vibrating tube 31. The other structures of the constraint device are relatively mature structures in the prior art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0028] The main body of the stone-throwing vibratory pipe 31 is made of spiral welded pipe. The length of the stone-throwing vibratory pipe 31 can be adjusted according to the water depth, thereby reducing the weight of the stone-throwing vibratory pipe 31, increasing the amplitude, and increasing the compaction capacity. The feeding pipe 311 is symmetrically equipped with slide rails 3111, which are 100mm wide and made of 24mm thick Q345 steel plate (the design value of tensile, compressive, and bending strength is 295MPa). The constraint device works in conjunction with the slide rails 3111 to achieve precise control of the reciprocating motion direction of the stone-throwing vibratory pipe 31.

[0029] The vibratory hammer 40 is connected to the lifting assembly 50 at the top. In order to ensure that the vibratory hammer 40 is subjected to uniform force when adjusting its height and to prevent the tamping plate 41 from tilting, two sets of lifting assemblies 50 are symmetrically connected to the top of the vibratory hammer 40. The lifting assembly 50 adjusts the height of the vibratory hammer 40 according to the height of the base bed leveling. Each lifting assembly 50 includes a winch 51, guide wheel 52, fixed pulley 53, and movable pulley 54. The winch 51 is located at the end of the trolley 22. The guide wheel 52 and fixed pulley 53 are mounted on the fixed frame 221 of the trolley. The wire rope 511 of the winch 51 passes through the guide wheel 52 and fixed pulley 53 in sequence, after which the direction of the wire rope 511 changes from horizontal to vertically downward. The movable pulley 54 is located at the end of the wire rope 511, and the vibrating hammer 40 is connected below the movable pulley 54. The arrangement of each component in the lifting assembly 50 mainly considers the relevant specifications for the winch rope winding during operation. According to the winch system regulations, the wire rope deflection angle should not exceed 5°, otherwise problems such as rope tangling and reduced wire rope life will occur. The winch 51 adjusts the height of the movable pulley 54 by winding and unwinding the wire rope 511, thereby adjusting the height of the vibrating hammer 40. In order to achieve continuous hammering during the lifting process of the vibratory hammer 40 and reduce the vibration of the structure, a vibration damping component 60 is provided below each movable pulley 54. Therefore, the two vibration damping components 60 are arranged one in front of the other. The vibratory hammer 40 is fixed below the vibration damping component 60. The vibration damping component 60 includes two springs 61 arranged vertically side by side. The top of the springs 61 is fixed to the bottom of the movable pulley 54, and the bottom of the springs 61 is fixed to the top of the hammer cage of the vibratory hammer 40.

[0030] In this embodiment, the single-sided vibration damping component 60 meets the requirement of increasing the overall weight. The spring 61 is a compression spring with the following parameters: spring wire diameter Φ50 mm, spring mean diameter Φ90 mm, pitch 78 mm, effective number of coils 5, support number of coils 2, total number of coils 7, and free height 500 mm.

[0031] The winch 51 is used to lift the vibration component. In this embodiment, the vibration reduction structure 35t adopts a double pulley block with a fixed pulley and a movable pulley. When selecting the winch 51 for lifting component 50, two 8t winches are used in conjunction with a 4x pulley block. When the vibration component is compacted and leveled, the winch 51 continuously releases the wire rope to avoid affecting the compaction and leveling efficiency.

[0032] Specifically, the angle α between the central axis of the feed pipe 311 and the central axis of the discharge pipe 312 is 45°, which facilitates the smooth flow of the riprap from the feed pipe 311 to the discharge pipe 312. To ensure the stone-throwing and leveling function is achieved, and to minimize the distance and weight between the leveling head 313 and the vibratory hammer 40, the distance L between the front end of the hammer cage of the vibratory hammer 40 and the rear end of the leveling head 313 is 210mm in this embodiment. After the stone material falls through the feeding pipe 311, the unloading pipe 312, and the leveling head 313, the tamping plate 41 at the bottom of the vibratory hammer 40 can also perform remedial scraping of the stone material to ensure the height difference of the bottom stone and achieve high-precision stone-throwing.

[0033] In order to achieve rock throwing at different water depths, multiple feeding ports (not shown in the figure) are opened from top to bottom on one side of the feeding pipe 311. Each feeding port is equipped with a protective plate 3112 for opening or covering the feeding port. The hopper 32 is located on the side of the trolley 22 opposite to the feeding port. The hopper 32 is hinged to the trolley 22 via a pin. The hopper 32 is tilted by the winch. The trolley 22 is located on the side of the dumping vessel 10. The feeding vessel is equipped with a backhoe excavator. When the feeding vessel approaches the dumping vessel 10, the backhoe excavator feeds the hopper 32. The hopper 32 rotates between a vertical position and a working position relative to the trolley 22. When the winch releases the cable, it lowers the hopper 32 to the working position, so that the discharge port of the hopper 32 is directly opposite the feeding port opened below the trolley 22. The backhoe excavator throws stones into the hopper 32, and the hopper 32 is in operation. When the winch retracts the cable, the hopper 32 rotates to the vertical position, and the hopper 32 is located on one side of the trolley 22, and the hopper 32 is in a towing state. After the dumping vessel enters the site, it is positioned and the rock-filling vibratory pipe 31 is lowered to the set height to confirm the laying position and elevation. The material supply vessel is moored at the docking pier of the dumping vessel and positioned. The material supply vessel feeds material to the hopper 32 through the backhoe excavator on the material supply vessel.

[0034] In this embodiment, the hopper 32 has a length of 6m, a maximum width of 4.5m, and a minimum width of 1.9m. The discharge port has the same diameter as the feed port of the stone-throwing vibrating pipe, which is 1.2m. The total height of the hopper is 2.2m. A 20mm thick steel plate is used as the bottom plate of the hopper, and a 300mm channel steel is used as the bottom plate frame, with one channel steel arranged every 600mm. When stones are thrown into the hopper, a 107mm high I-beam is used as a limit to ensure that the stones fall in the direction of the hopper's inclination. To ensure the lateral strength of the hopper, the side plates of the hopper use 20mm thick steel plates as baffles, and a reinforcing rib is set every 59cm using 16mm thick steel plates.

[0035] Since the tamping plate 41 is the part that directly contacts the riprap bed, and it is directly connected to the vibratory hammer 40 and the hammer cage, the combined force of the vibratory hammer 40, the hammer cage, and the riprap vibrating tube 31 needs to be considered. All the forces on the vibrating components are borne by the tamping plate 41. To improve leveling efficiency, the base plate 411 of the tamping plate 41 is rectangular. In this embodiment, the base plate 411 has dimensions of 2500 mm × 2000 mm × 920 mm and an area of ​​5 m². 2 The mass is 6.4 t, and the average excitation force per unit area is 42 kN / m. 2 Vertical side plates 412 are provided on both sides of the base plate 411. The side plates 412 are trapezoidal, narrower at the top and wider at the bottom. A top plate 413 is provided on top of the two side plates 412. The top plate 413 is fixed to the hammer cage of the vibratory hammer 40. Ribs 414 are evenly arranged between the base plate 411 and the top plate 413, so that the tamping plate can withstand the combined force of the vibratory hammer 40, the hammer cage, and the rock-throwing vibrating tube. The tamping plate 41 is welded from Q345 steel plates of different thicknesses, with a density of 7850 kg / m³. 3 The elastic modulus is taken as 2.1 × 10⁻⁶. 11 Pa, Poisson's ratio is 0.3, and yield strength is 3.45 × 10⁻⁶. 11 Pa; The ramming plate 41 is connected to the hammer cage through a flange and bears the gravity of the hammer cage and the stone-throwing vibrating tube under acceleration. Since there may be polarization during the working process, the flange will also bear the bending moment caused by eccentricity. The bottom of the ramming plate 41 is in direct contact with the stone. During construction, there will be a situation where part of the ramming plate is under stress. In order to obtain the harsh working conditions, when the load is applied, only 1 / 4 of the ramming plate area is used to bear all the excitation force. By using ANSYS to perform finite element analysis on the ramming plate 41, the parameters of the ramming plate 41 are determined under the condition of comprehensively considering the influencing factors such as the maximum equivalent stress (strength), the maximum displacement (stiffness), and the ease of processing.

[0036] To improve construction quality and efficiency, the integrated riprap leveling and ballast system also includes a measurement and control system, which includes a ship positioning system, a vibration compaction elevation measurement and control system, and a leveling measurement and control system. The ship positioning system includes a first positioning GPS 11 and a second positioning GPS 12 respectively installed at the bow and stern of the dumping vessel. Before precise positioning, the dumping vessel 10 calculates the coordinates of the first positioning GPS 11 and the second positioning GPS 12 according to the ship layout diagram and inputs them into the ship guidance system to generate the target ship position. In this embodiment, the first positioning GPS 11 and the second positioning GPS 12 are high-precision dual-frequency GPS devices. like Figure 10 The diagram shown illustrates the principle of calculating the elevation control using riprap. In the diagram, H... b -Subgrade bottom elevation (m); δ p - Positive elevation difference of the boulders (m); δ n - Negative elevation difference of riprap (m); The design elevation for leveling is calculated according to formulas (1) to (3), specifically:

[0037]

[0038] Among them, H r The elevation (m) is controlled by riprap. H1 is the leveling design elevation (m); S is the amount of vibration settlement (m); d0 is the theoretical control height of the riprap layer and the average height of the cross-sectional area (m). d1 is the layer thickness (m); λ s To determine the settlement rate, in this embodiment the compaction rate is 10%~15%, and the construction quality is controlled by measuring the settlement rate through on-site test compaction.

[0039] The vibration compaction elevation measurement and control system of this embodiment includes a third elevation GPS13 installed on the top of the rock-filled vibrating pipe 31, which can measure the elevation of the compaction plate 41 in real time and display the current work position. When vibration compaction begins, it can automatically control the vibration based on the elevation of the compaction plate 41. After reaching the elevation, it sends a control command to the winch, and the vibration component is raised to the set elevation. When the vibration component completes the command, the trolley lateral movement system sends a command to the lateral movement winch, and the lateral movement winch automatically moves a set distance. After the movement is completed, it sends a control command to the winch to lower the vibration component to the base bed and start the vibration compaction and leveling operation. The leveling measurement and control system includes a third elevation GPS13 and a displacement sensor installed on the telescopic cylinder 33 to monitor the vertical displacement of the leveling head 313. By combining the data from the third elevation GPS13 with the data from the displacement sensor, the elevation of the leveling head can be calculated, thereby realizing the leveling elevation control and monitoring.

[0040] During construction, the GPS13 system at the third elevation displays and records the real-time elevation of the stones placed on the subgrade surface. This system is unaffected by tide levels and can use data from the ship's onboard inclinometer to adjust the thickness and elevation of the stones in real-time within the system software, achieving automated operation. After the stone placement section is completed, multibeam echocardiography is used for quality inspection, generating clear 3D contour images, planar contour images, and accurate cross-sectional diagrams. The 3D images allow for direct observation of the placement effect. The inspection results from the currently completed areas show that the deep-water stone placement vessel has achieved good construction results, meeting the design requirements.

[0041] The measurement and control system reduces costs by using the same hardware and can switch the display of key data according to different construction procedures and processes.

[0042] Based on the above technical solution, the riprap vibrating pipe in the integrated riprap leveling device has both the function of a riprap pipe for riprap operation and the function of a vibrating pipe. It achieves the functions of riprap and vibration compaction by relying on the same structure, which reduces equipment investment and reduces manufacturing costs by nearly half compared to traditional equipment. However, its construction efficiency is increased by 5% per berth compared to traditional equipment, which reduces construction costs. The subgrade bed is vibrated and leveled by using a vibratory hammer and a tamping plate. The vibratory hammer and the leveling head are set up adjacent to each other, which realizes the simultaneous construction of bottom rock throwing and compaction, reduces the number of ships on site, and lowers construction costs. By adjusting the height of the leveling head and the vibratory hammer, and adjusting the relative position of the leveling head and the tamping plate in the vertical direction, both leveling and vibratory tamping operations can be performed. The overall structure is simple to manufacture, low in cost, and easy to disassemble. The measurement and control system can measure the elevation of the riprap in a timely manner, which can lead to abnormally high points on the riprap bed and cause problems such as excessive riprap elevation differences.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0044] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed in the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated device for leveling and slab-filling a bed, characterized in that: include: A trolley assembly includes a trolley track disposed on a dumping vessel and a trolley that slides along the trolley track; A stone-throwing assembly includes a stone-throwing vibrating tube and a hopper, wherein the stone-throwing vibrating tube is vertically arranged inside the trolley and the hopper is fixed on the trolley; The vibration assembly includes the stone-throwing vibrating tube and a vibrating hammer located below the stone-throwing vibrating tube, with a tamping plate provided at the bottom of the vibrating hammer; in, The stone-throwing vibrating pipe includes a vertically arranged feeding pipe and a discharge pipe located below the feeding pipe and extending forward and downward at an angle. A scraper head is provided at the bottom of the discharge pipe. The feeding pipe continues to extend downward along its axial direction to form a mounting part. The vibrating hammer is fixed below the mounting part, so that the scraper head and the vibrating hammer are arranged adjacent to each other. The leveling head is connected to a telescopic structure, allowing it to move vertically up and down to adjust the relative height between the leveling head and the tamping plate. This allows the riprap to be thrown through the feeding pipe, the unloading pipe, and the leveling head, while the tamping plate of the vibratory hammer vibrates and levels the riprap-filled base behind the leveling head, thus achieving simultaneous riprap throwing and vibratory leveling.

2. The integrated bed riprap leveling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the vibratory hammer is symmetrically connected to two sets of lifting components, which adjust the height of the vibratory hammer according to the leveling height of the base bed. Each lifting assembly includes a winch, a guide wheel, a fixed pulley, and a movable pulley. The winch, the guide wheel, and the fixed pulley are mounted on the trolley. After the wire rope of the winch passes through the guide wheel and the fixed pulley in sequence, the direction of the wire rope changes from horizontal to vertically downward. The movable pulley is located at the end of the wire rope, and the vibrating hammer is connected below the movable pulley. The winch adjusts the height of the movable pulley via a wire rope, thereby adjusting the height of the vibratory hammer.

3. The integrated bed riprap leveling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A vibration damping component is provided below each of the movable pulleys, and the vibratory hammer is fixed below the vibration damping component. The vibration damping component enables the vibratory hammer to operate without stopping when adjusting its height. The vibration damping component includes two vertically arranged springs, the top of which is fixed to the bottom of the movable pulley, and the bottom of which is fixed to the top of the vibratory hammer.

4. The integrated bed riprap leveling device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The telescopic structure is a telescopic hydraulic cylinder. The cylinder barrel of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is vertically fixed to the bottom of the unloading pipe. The scraper head is fixed to the bottom of the piston rod of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder. The extension and retraction direction of the piston rod of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is parallel to the axial direction of the unloading pipe. The extension or retraction of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder drives the scraper head to descend or rise.

5. The integrated bed riprap leveling device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The angle between the central axis of the feed pipe and the central axis of the discharge pipe is 45°. The distance between the front end of the vibratory hammer and the rear end of the leveling head is 200-220mm. After the riprap passes through the feed pipe, the discharge pipe and the leveling head, the tamping plate at the bottom of the vibratory hammer can perform remedial scraping of the riprap.

6. The integrated device for leveling and slab-filling a subgrade bed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding pipe has multiple feeding ports on one side from top to bottom. Each feeding port is equipped with a protective plate for opening or covering the feeding port. The hopper is located on the side of the trolley opposite to the feeding port.

7. The integrated bed riprap leveling device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The hopper is hinged to the trolley, and the hopper rotates relative to the trolley between a vertical state and a working state. When the hopper is in the working state, it is located below the trolley, and the excavator throws stones into the hopper. The discharge port of the hopper is directly opposite the feeding port of the feed pipe opened below the trolley, and the thrown stones enter the feed pipe through the feeding port. When the hopper is rotated to the vertical state, it is located on one side of the trolley and is in a towing state.

8. The integrated device for leveling and slab-filling a subgrade bed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom plate of the tamping plate is rectangular, and vertical side plates are provided on both sides of the bottom plate. The side plates are trapezoidal with a narrow top and a wide bottom. A top plate is provided on the top of the two side plates. The top plate is fixed to the hammer cage of the vibratory hammer. Ribs are evenly provided between the bottom plate and the top plate, so that the tamping plate can withstand the combined force of the vibratory hammer, the hammer cage and the stone-throwing vibrating tube.

9. The integrated device for leveling and slab-filling a subgrade bed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The integrated bed rock-filling and leveling device also includes a measurement and control system, which includes a ship positioning system, a vibration compaction elevation measurement and control system, and a leveling measurement and control system. The ship positioning system includes a first positioning GPS and a second positioning GPS respectively installed at the bow and stern of the dumping vessel. Before precise positioning, the dumping vessel calculates the coordinates of the first positioning GPS and the second positioning GPS according to the ship layout diagram and inputs them into the ship guidance system to generate the target ship position. The vibration compaction elevation measurement and control system includes a third elevation GPS installed at the top of the riprap vibratory pipe, which can measure the elevation of the compaction plate in real time. The leveling measurement and control system includes the third elevation GPS and a displacement sensor installed on the telescopic cylinder to monitor the vertical displacement of the leveling head, thereby realizing the monitoring of the leveling elevation.

10. The integrated device for leveling and slab-filling a subgrade bed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The excavator feeds the material into the hopper, the feeding vessel is moored to the dumping vessel, the excavator is mounted on the feeding vessel, the dumping material on the feeding vessel is filled into the hopper, and then dumped onto the foundation bed from the hopper through the feeding port on the dumping vibrating pipe.

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