System and method for communication aware integration (ISAC)

Abstract

At least one aspect of the present disclosure relates to a system, method, or computer-related medium. A method of wireless communication may include a first wireless communication entity receiving, from a second wireless communication entity, a first message including information of one or more perceived units. The wireless communication method may include the first wireless communication entity sending a second message including perception-related assistance data to a third wireless communication entity. The perception related auxiliary data is determined according to the information of the one or more perception units.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure generally relates to wireless communications, including but not limited to systems and methods for Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC). Background Technology

[0002] The standards organization Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is currently developing a new radio interface called 5G New Radio (5GNR) and the Next Generation Packet Core Network (NG-CN or NGC). 5G NR will consist of three main components: the 5G Access Network (5G-AN), the 5G Core Network (5GC), and User Equipment (UE). To facilitate the implementation of different data services and requirements, the elements of the 5GC (also known as network functions) have been simplified, with some elements being software-based and others hardware-based, allowing these elements to be adapted as needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The exemplary embodiments disclosed herein are intended to address problems related to one or more issues presented in the prior art, and to provide additional features that will readily become apparent when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. Exemplary systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products are disclosed herein according to various embodiments. However, it should be understood that these embodiments are presented by way of example and not as limiting, and that various modifications can be made to the disclosed embodiments while remaining within the scope of this disclosure, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art who have read this disclosure.

[0004] At least one aspect of this disclosure relates to a system, method, or computer-related medium. A wireless communication method may include: receiving, by a first wireless communication entity, a first message including information from one or more sensing units from a second wireless communication entity. The wireless communication method may include: transmitting, by the first wireless communication entity, a second message including sensing-related auxiliary data to a third wireless communication entity. The sensing-related auxiliary data is determined based on information from one or more sensing units. In some embodiments, the sensing-related auxiliary data is configured to improve communication between the second and third wireless communication entities. In some embodiments, the sensing-related auxiliary data is configured to reduce interference between the second and third wireless communication entities. In some embodiments, the information of the sensing units includes the position of each of the one or more sensing units, and / or the incident and reflection directions of each of the one or more sensing units, and the sensing-related auxiliary data includes the position of each of the one or more sensing units, and / or the incident and reflection directions of each of the one or more sensing units.

[0005] In some embodiments, a second wireless communication entity is requested to send information to a third wireless communication entity based on a signal indicating whether interference cancellation is required. In some embodiments, the wireless communication may include: a first wireless communication entity receiving an interference cancellation request; and the first wireless communication entity requesting the second wireless communication entity to send information to the third wireless communication entity based on a signal indicating whether interference cancellation is required. In some embodiments, the first wireless communication entity can recommend a third message associated with a preferred or non-preferred beam / beam list for communication between the second and third wireless communication entities. In some embodiments, the wireless communication method may include: the first wireless communication entity sending a third message to the second and / or third wireless communication entities. In some embodiments, the third message is associated with the transmit and / or receive beams of the second and / or third wireless communication entities.

[0006] In some embodiments, the second or third wireless communication entity can request a preferred or non-preferred beam / beam list. In some embodiments, the second or third wireless communication entity can request information from one or more sensing units, the information of which includes at least one of the following: velocity-related parameters, power-related parameters, angle-related parameters, range-related parameters, resource-related parameters, phase information, or radar cross-section information. In some embodiments, the second or third wireless communication entity sends a fourth message to the first wireless communication entity to make the request. In some embodiments, the fourth message includes at least one of a Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) or a PCI list. According to the wireless communication method of claim 12, the fourth message includes at least one of a waveform or a center frequency.

[0007] In some embodiments, the wireless communication method may include: a first wireless communication entity determining, based on security requirements, whether to send a fifth message in response to a request. In some embodiments, one or more sensing units may include: a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS) entity, a target, a reflector, a user equipment (UE) 104, a base station (BS) 102, a roadside unit (RSU), or a positioning reference unit (PRU). In some embodiments, the beam configured for communication between the second and third wireless communication entities is selected by the first wireless communication entity based on sensing-related auxiliary data. In some embodiments, the beam configured for communication between the second and third wireless communication entities is selected by either the second or third wireless communication entity based on sensing-related auxiliary data. In some embodiments, the beam configured for communication between the second and third wireless communication entities is associated with beams from the second wireless communication entity, the third wireless communication entity, and / or one or more sensing units.

[0008] In some embodiments, the resources configured for communication between the second and third wireless communication entities are selected by the first wireless communication entity based on sensing-related auxiliary data. In some embodiments, the transmission power of the resources configured for communication between the second and third wireless communication entities is configured by the first wireless communication entity based on sensing-related auxiliary data. In some embodiments, the wireless communication entities configured for communication / location / sensing are configured by the first wireless communication entity based on sensing-related auxiliary data.

[0009] At least one aspect of this disclosure relates to a wireless communication method. The wireless communication method may include: triggering the creation of an environmental map by a first wireless communication entity based on a plurality of environmental coefficients. In some embodiments, the environmental map is included in at least one of a first wireless communication entity, a second wireless communication entity, or a third wireless communication entity. Communication between any two of the first to third wireless communication entities includes: auxiliary data associated with the plurality of environmental coefficients, measurement results, and / or capability-related information.

[0010] In some embodiments, communication between any two of the first to third wireless communication entities further includes requests, responses, and / or recommendations associated with auxiliary data, measurement results, and / or capability-related information. In some embodiments, the wireless communication method may include triggering an update or reconstruction of an environmental map by the first wireless communication entity. In some embodiments, the update or reconstruction of the environmental map is dynamic, periodic, or aperiodic, and the triggering is associated with a reference signal. In some embodiments, the first wireless communication entity requests the second and / or third wireless communication entities to update or reconstruct the environmental map.

[0011] In some embodiments, one or more time-related parameters associated with the environment map include: high-level parameters, physical layer parameters, and time windows, and requests, responses, and recommendations are all associated with timestamps. In some embodiments, the environment map includes multiple environment maps, which are associated with their respective priorities. In some embodiments, auxiliary data includes: communication / sensing measurement results, resource allocation configurations, and waveform configurations.

[0012] At least one aspect of this disclosure relates to a wireless communication method. The wireless communication method may include exchanging multiple messages related to sensing, communication, location, and / or authorization among a first wireless communication entity, a second wireless communication entity, a third wireless communication entity, and a fourth wireless communication entity. The first wireless communication entity is a sensing-related core network entity, the second wireless communication entity is a location-related core network entity, the third wireless communication entity is an authorization-related core network entity, and the fourth wireless communication entity is a sensing / communication unit.

[0013] In some embodiments, multiple messages include requests, responses, and / or recommendations associated with auxiliary data, measurement results, and / or capability-related information.

[0014] At least one aspect of this disclosure relates to a wireless communication device. The wireless communication device may include a processor and a memory. The processor is configured to read code from the memory and implement the methods described in some of the above embodiments. At least one aspect of this disclosure relates to a computer-readable program. Code may be stored on the computer-readable program. When executed by a processor, the code causes the processor to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 35. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The following detailed description of various exemplary embodiments of the present solution is based on the accompanying figures and diagrams. These figures are provided for illustrative purposes only and depict only exemplary embodiments of the present solution to aid the reader's understanding. Therefore, these figures should not be construed as limiting the breadth, scope, or applicability of the present solution. It should be noted that these figures are not necessarily drawn to scale for clarity and ease of explanation.

[0016] Figure 1 An example of a cellular communication network that can implement the techniques disclosed herein, according to embodiments of the present disclosure, is shown. Figure 2 Example block diagrams of a base station and a user equipment according to some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown; Figure 3 Examples of perceived target-assisted non-line-of-sight (NLOS) communication according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown; Figure 4 Examples of perceived target-assisted line-of-sight (LOS) communication according to some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown; Figure 5 Examples of line-of-sight communication interference according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown; Figure 6 Examples of sensing target-assisted communication with less interference according to some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown; Figure 7 An example of an environmental coefficient relationship between one or more units according to some embodiments of this disclosure is shown; Figure 8 Examples of environment setup / update / use according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown; Figure 9 A flowchart of an environmental process according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown; Figure 10 An example of a perceptual map capability transmission process according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown; Figure 11 An example of a perceptual map capability indication process according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown; Figure 12 Examples of a perception-assisted data transmission process according to some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown; Figure 13 Another example of a perception-assisted data transmission process according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown; Figure 14 Examples of message exchange between one or more units according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown; Figure 15 Another example of message exchange between one or more units according to some embodiments of this disclosure is shown; Figure 16 Another example of message exchange between one or more units according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown; Figure 17 Another example of message exchange between one or more units according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown; Figure 18 Another example of message exchange between one or more units according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown; Figure 19 A flowchart of a block channel state information (CSI) feedback method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Mobile communication technology and environment Figure 1 An example wireless communication network and / or system 100 that can implement the techniques disclosed herein is illustrated according to embodiments of this disclosure. In the following discussion, wireless communication network 100 can be any wireless network, such as a cellular network or a narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) network, and is referred to herein as "network 100". Such an example network 100 includes base stations (BS) 102 (hereinafter referred to as "BS 102", also called wireless communication nodes) and user equipment 104 (hereinafter referred to as "UE 104", also called wireless communication devices) that can communicate with each other via communication links 110 (e.g., wireless communication channels), and a cluster of cells 126, 130, 132, 134, 136, 138, and 140 covering a geographic area 101. Figure 1 In this context, BS 102 and UE 104 are contained within the corresponding geographical boundaries of cell 126. Each of the other cells 130, 132, 134, 136, 138, and 140 may include at least one base station that operates with its allocated bandwidth to provide sufficient wireless coverage to its intended users.

[0018] For example, BS 102 can operate with allocated channel transmission bandwidth to provide sufficient coverage to UE 104. BS 102 and UE 104 can communicate via downlink (DL) radio frame 118 and uplink (UL) radio frame 124, respectively. Each radio frame 118 / 124 can also be divided into subframes 120 / 127, which can include data symbols 122 / 128. In this disclosure, BS 102 and UE 104 are generally described herein as non-limiting examples of "communication nodes" that can practice the methods disclosed herein. According to various embodiments of this solution, these communication nodes may be capable of wireless and / or wired communication.

[0019] Figure 2 A block diagram of an example wireless communication system 200 for transmitting and receiving wireless communication signals (e.g., Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) / Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Access (OFDMA) signals) according to some embodiments of this solution is shown. System 200 may include components and elements configured to support known or conventional operating characteristics that do not need to be described in detail herein. In one exemplary embodiment, system 200 may be used in the aforementioned wireless communication environment (e.g., Figure 1 In a wireless communication environment 100, data symbols are transmitted (e.g., sent and received).

[0020] System 200 typically includes a base station 202 (hereinafter referred to as "BS 202") and a user equipment 204 (hereinafter referred to as "UE 204"). BS 202 includes a BS transceiver module 210, a BS antenna 212, a BS processor module 214, a BS memory module 216, and a network communication module 218, each module being coupled and interconnected with each other as needed via a data communication bus 220. UE 204 includes a UE transceiver module 230, a UE antenna 232, a UE memory module 234, and a UE processor module 236, each module being coupled and interconnected with each other as needed via a data communication bus 240. BS 202 communicates with UE 204 via a communication channel 250, which can be any wireless channel or other medium suitable for the data transmission described herein.

[0021] As those skilled in the art will understand, system 200 may also include, in addition to Figure 2Any number of modules other than those shown herein. Those skilled in the art will understand that the various exemplary blocks, modules, circuits, and processing logic described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in hardware, computer-readable software, firmware, or any practical combination thereof. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability and compatibility of hardware, firmware, and software, various exemplary components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps are described in a generalized manner in terms of their functionality. Whether this functionality is implemented as hardware, firmware, or software may depend on the specific application and design constraints imposed on the system as a whole. Those skilled in the art can implement this functionality appropriately for each specific application; however, such implementation decisions should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure.

[0022] According to some embodiments, the UE transceiver 230 may be referred to herein as an "uplink" transceiver 230, which includes a radio frequency (RF) transmitter and an RF receiver, each of which includes circuitry coupled to an antenna 232. Furthermore, a duplex switch (not shown) may couple the uplink transmitter or receiver to the uplink antenna in a time-division duplex manner. Similarly, according to some embodiments, the BS transceiver 210 may be referred to herein as a "downlink" transceiver 210, which includes an RF transmitter and an RF receiver, each of which includes circuitry coupled to an antenna 212. Furthermore, a downlink duplex switch may couple the downlink transmitter or receiver to the downlink antenna 212 in a time-division duplex manner. The two transceiver modules 210 and 230 can operate in time coordination, such that while the downlink transmitter is coupled to the downlink antenna 212, the uplink receiver circuitry is coupled to the uplink antenna 232 to receive transmissions via the wireless transmission link 250. Conversely, the two transceivers 210 and 230 can operate in time coordination, such that while the uplink transmitter is coupled to the uplink antenna 232, the downlink receiver is coupled to the downlink antenna 212 to receive transmissions via the wireless transmission link 250. In some embodiments, there is tight time synchronization with the shortest guard time between changes in the duplex direction.

[0023] UE transceiver 230 and base transceiver 210 are configured to communicate via wireless data communication link 250 and cooperate with appropriately configured RF antenna arrangements 212 / 232 capable of supporting specific wireless communication protocols and modulation schemes. In some exemplary embodiments, UE transceiver 210 and base transceiver 210 are configured to support industry standards, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) and emerging 5G standards. However, it should be understood that this disclosure is not necessarily limited to the application of specific standards and related protocols. Rather, UE transceiver 230 and base transceiver 210 may be configured to support alternative or additional wireless data communication protocols (including future standards or variations thereof).

[0024] According to various embodiments, BS 202 may be, for example, an evolved Node B (eNB), a serving eNB, a target eNB, a femto base station, or a pico base station. In some embodiments, UE 204 may be embodied in various types of user equipment, such as mobile phones, smartphones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), tablets, laptops, wearable computing devices, etc. Processor modules 214 and 236 may be implemented or realized by components designed to perform the functions described herein, such as general-purpose processors, content-addressable memory, digital signal processors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), any suitable programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof. In this way, the processor may be implemented as a microprocessor, a controller, a microcontroller, or a state machine, etc. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of multiple computing devices, such as a combination of a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, a combination of multiple microprocessors, a combination of one or more microprocessors incorporating a digital signal processor core, or any other combination of such configurations.

[0025] Furthermore, the steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be directly implemented in hardware, firmware, software modules executed by processor modules 214 and 236 respectively, or any practical combination thereof. Memory modules 216 and 234 can be implemented as random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), registers, hard disks, removable disks, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), or any other form of storage medium known in the art. In this respect, memory modules 216 and 234 can be coupled to processor modules 210 and 230 respectively, such that processor modules 210 and 230 can read information from and write information to memory modules 216 and 234 respectively. Memory modules 216 and 234 may also be integrated into their respective processor modules 210 and 230. In some embodiments, memory modules 216 and 234 may each include cache memory for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during the execution of instructions to be executed by processor modules 210 and 230, respectively. Memory modules 216 and 234 may also each include non-volatile memory for storing instructions to be executed by processor modules 210 and 230, respectively.

[0026] Network communication module 218 broadly represents the hardware, software, firmware, processing logic, and / or other components of base station 202 that ensure bidirectional communication between base station transceiver 210 and other network components and communication nodes configured to communicate with base station 202. For example, network communication module 218 may be configured to support Internet or World Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) services. In a typical but non-limiting deployment, network communication module 218 provides an 802.3 Ethernet interface, enabling base station transceiver 210 to communicate with traditional Ethernet-based computer networks. In this way, network communication module 218 may include a physical interface for connecting to a computer network (e.g., a Mobile Switching Center (MSC)). The terms “configured for,” “configured to,” and their variations, used in this document in relation to a specified operation or function, refer to devices, components, circuits, structures, machines, signals, etc., that are physically constructed, programmed, formatted, and / or arranged to perform the specified operation or function.

[0027] The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model (referred to herein as the "OSI model") is a conceptual and logical layout that defines network communications used by systems (e.g., wireless communication devices, wireless communication nodes) for interconnecting and communicating with other systems. The model is divided into seven sub-components or layers, each representing a conceptual set of services provided to its upper and lower layers. The OSI model also defines logical networks and efficiently describes computer packet transmission using different layer protocols. The OSI model may also be referred to as the seven-layer OSI model or the seven-layer model. In some embodiments, the first layer may be the physical layer. In some embodiments, the second layer may be the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer. In some embodiments, the third layer may be the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer. In some embodiments, the fourth layer may be the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer. In some embodiments, the fifth layer may be the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer. In some embodiments, the sixth layer may be a Non-Access Stratum (NAS) layer or an Internet Protocol (IP) layer, and the seventh layer is another layer in this context.

[0028] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, illustrates various exemplary embodiments of this solution to enable those skilled in the art to create and use it. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes or modifications can be made to the examples described herein after reading this disclosure without departing from the scope of this solution. Therefore, this solution is not limited to the exemplary embodiments and applications described and illustrated herein. Furthermore, the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the methods disclosed herein is merely exemplary. Based on design preferences, the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the disclosed methods or processes can be redeployed while remaining within the scope of this solution. Therefore, those skilled in the art will understand that the methods and techniques disclosed herein present various steps or actions in an exemplary order, and unless otherwise expressly stated, this solution is not limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.

[0029] Systems for Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) and method Example 1: Universal Sensing-Assisted Communication Based on sensing technology, efficient and / or low-latency communication can be achieved. For example, if the sensing results assist communication, communication services with lower latency and / or lower overhead can be obtained through communication beamforming based on the beams in the sensing results.

[0030] For example, if device A and device B can simultaneously sense a sensing target T (in some setups, the target can be interchanged with a reflector), where device A can include a link to device B, then target T can be used to assist communication. As another example, the link between device A and device B can be a non-line-of-sight (NLOS) link, and target T can enhance the received signal. For ease of description, "enhancing the received signal" can include at least one of low latency, reduced overhead, or improved efficiency. Without a reflector to enhance the signal power between device A and device B, the communication link might fail.

[0031] Figure 3 An example of target-assisted NLOS communication is illustrated. The location of target T can be transmitted from a Next Generation Node B (gNB) to the Core Network (CN) and then from the CN to UE 104. The CN may include, but is not limited to, Location Management Function (LMF), Sensing Function (SF), and Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF). Based on the location of target T, UE 104 can receive enhanced signals reflected from target B (e.g., clearer signals, stronger signals, etc.). The incident and reflection directions of one or more reflectors can be transmitted to the CN, and the location of target T can be transmitted from the CN to UE 104. In some arrangements, the link from device A to device B can be line-of-sight (LOS) communication. Target T (in some arrangements, the target can be interchanged with a reflector) can enhance the received signal (e.g., clearer signals, stronger signals, lower latency, lower overhead, etc.). In some configurations, a stronger signal can result in a higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Therefore, the performance of the communication link can be directly improved in relation to the SNR.

[0032] Figure 4An example of target-assisted LOS communication is illustrated. In some arrangements, multiple targets T (in some arrangements, targets may be interchangeable with reflectors) can assist communication. For example, multiple reflectors can improve communication. For instance, if device A and device B simultaneously sense reflectors T1 and T2 (e.g., device A senses reflectors T1 and T2 at time x, and device B senses reflectors T1 and T2 at time x), where device A includes a communication link with device B, then reflectors T1 and T2 can assist communication. In the case that the link between device A and device B is NLOS, reflectors T1 and T2 can provide some decisive enhancement to the received signal. Reflectors T1 and T2 can provide diversity gain. For example, without reflectors and / or diversity gain to enhance signal reception between device A and device B, the communication link may fail (e.g., communication link loss, signal loss, disconnection between device A and device B, etc.). As another example, one or more sensing reflectors can be used to assist communication by reducing interference. For example, device A may have a communication link with device B, and one or more sensing devices may be located near the link connecting device A and device B. If one or more devices are near device B, those devices will be subject to interference from device A and / or device B.

[0033] Figure 5 An example of LOS communication interference is illustrated. Devices C and D are shown to cause interference between device A and device B. This communication link can be improved by adding reflectors, thus reducing the potential interference to these devices. Figure 6 An example of sensing-target-assisted communication with less interference is illustrated. Target T can assist a communication link from device A to device B. For example, a signal (e.g., a signal from device A) can be transmitted toward target T. Target T can reflect this signal back to a target device (e.g., device B), and the target device can receive the signal from target T. This reduces interference between the communication link between device A and device B and one or more devices (e.g., device C, device D). In some arrangements, this method minimizes interference.

[0034] Example 2: Signaling Switching for Sensing-Assisted Communication The location of target T (in some arrangements, "target" can be interchanged with "reflector") can be transmitted from the gNB to the core network (CN) and from the CN to UE 104. The CN may include, but is not limited to, location management functions (LMF), sensing functions (SF), and access and mobility management functions (AMF). Based on the location of target T, UE 104 can receive enhanced signals reflected from target B (e.g., clearer signals, stronger signals, etc.). The incident and reflection directions of one or more reflectors can be transmitted to the CN, and the location of target T can be transmitted from the CN to UE 104. For example, a signal (xyz) can indicate whether interference can be eliminated, or contain instructions (xyz) for eliminating interference. This signal can be transmitted from the CN to a communication unit (e.g., a transmitting point, a receiving point, etc.) or from a communication unit to the CN. For example, a sensing-related CN (e.g., SF) can transmit the aforementioned signal to the gNB to eliminate interference. For example, a communication / location-related CN (e.g., AMF / LMF) can transmit the aforementioned signal to the gNB to eliminate interference. For example, UE 104 (e.g., UE 104 located near the gNB, or receiving UE 104) can send a signal to the gNB and request the gNB to perform interference cancellation. See also... Figure 6 Device C can request gNB to send a communication signal based on target T (e.g., the signal mentioned above).

[0035] Furthermore, UE 104 (e.g., UE 104 near the gNB, or receiving UE 104) can send a signal to the CN requesting interference cancellation. The CN can send a signal to request the gNB to perform interference cancellation. Device C can indirectly request the gNB (e.g., the CN requests the gNB) to send communication signals based on the interference cancellation method (e.g., the signal mentioned above). UE 104 can be receiving UE 104 (e.g., device B). Additionally, communication units (e.g., transmitting points, receiving points) can request one or more preferred or non-preferred beam directions. For example, the CN can recommend one or more preferred or non-preferred beam directions for communication services. In some arrangements, the LMF can recommend one or more transmitting and / or receiving beam directions for UE 104 / gNB / Transmission Reception Point (TRP). Again, for example, communication units (e.g., transmitting points, receiving points) can request one or more preferred or non-preferred beam directions. Again, for example, communication units (e.g., transmitting points, receiving points) can request the distance, angle, position, and / or the following information for one or more reflectors.

[0036] For ease of description, multiple parameters can be used to determine the distance, angle, position, and / or the following information for one or more reflectors. Multiple parameters may include, but are not limited to: velocity-related parameters (e.g., velocity / rate, Doppler parameters, acceleration, micro-Doppler parameters), power-related parameters (e.g., power, Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Received Power per Path (RSRPP), Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), Received Signal Strength Indicator per Path (RSSP)), angle-related parameters (e.g., angle of arrival (AOA), zenith of arrival (ZOA), angle of departure (AOD), zenith of departure (ZOD)), and distance-related parameters (e.g., round trip time (RTT), time delay, reference signal time difference). Difference (RSTD), resource-related parameters (e.g., time, frequency, beam (e.g., spatial relationships, spatial filters)), and other parameters (e.g., phase, LOS / NLOS, path number, radar cross section (material, size, angle)). Each parameter can contain a value, a value range, a list of ranges, one or more lists of values, a threshold / limit threshold, a list of thresholds / limit thresholds, a variable, variance, a value variation, one or more lists of variations, one or more lists of variances, or one or more lists of value variations. For example, the reflector can be a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). The location, incident and / or reflection direction of the RIS can be sent to CN / TRP / RIS / UE 104. As another example, RIS information can be sent from CN to UE 104 to improve beam transmission and / or reception.

[0037] Example 3: Perception-Assisted Safety, Requests and Responses This embodiment provides a perception-based beam-assisted communication method. Based on the signal exchange in the foregoing embodiments, perception-based communication assistance can be used. For example, if the security of the perceived data is considered, the assistance process can use a request and / or response process. Perception-related parameters can be the request and / or response objects. Perception-related parameters may include, but are not limited to: velocity-related parameters (e.g., velocity / rate, Doppler parameters, acceleration, micro-Doppler parameters), power-related parameters (e.g., power, received reference signal power (RSRP), received single-path reference signal power (RSRPP), received signal strength indication (RSSI), received single-path signal strength indication (RSSP)), angle-related parameters (e.g., angle of arrival (AOA) (AOA, ZOA), angle of departure (AOD) (AOD, ZOD)), distance-related parameters (e.g., round-trip time (RTT), delay, reference signal time difference (RSTD)), resource-related parameters (e.g., time, frequency, beam (e.g., spatial relationship, spatial filter)), and other parameters (e.g., phase, LOS / NLOS, number of paths, radar cross section (material, size, angle)). Each parameter can contain a numerical value, a numerical range, a list of ranges, one or more lists of numerical values, a threshold / limit threshold, a list of thresholds / limit thresholds, a variable, variance, numerical variation, one or more lists of variable values, one or more lists of variance, or one or more lists of numerical variation.

[0038] For example, the gNB can send a request signal to the CN (e.g., SF / AMF) and / or communication unit (e.g., gNB or UE 104) to obtain assistance. Furthermore, the CN (e.g., SF / AMF) can choose whether to respond to the request based on security requirements. In some arrangements, the gNB has perception-related parameters and can use these parameters to assist the communication process. These perception-related parameters can originate from the gNB's measurement results or perception data. In some arrangements, the gNB can access the object (e.g., from the memory of UE 104 or restrictions of BS 102), but may not be able to obtain the relevant parameters (relevant parameters of the perception target / communication unit). For example, the gNB can (e.g., via network 100) access the object to obtain relevant parameters such as the gNB's measurement results, but the gNB may also not use these measurement results, but instead use some measurement results from different communication units or the CN. Therefore, the gNB can request permission or perception-related parameters first.

[0039] For a sense assistance request, the CN (e.g., SF / AMF) and / or communication unit (e.g., gNB or UE 104) may employ one or more response procedures. In one response procedure, the CN (e.g., SF / AMF) and / or communication unit (e.g., gNB or UE 104) may send assistance data to the communication unit. During this process, the sense security mechanism may not be activated. Furthermore, access to the assistance data may not be available. The request may originate from either the CN or the communication unit.

[0040] In another response process, the CN (e.g., SF / AMF) and / or the communication unit (e.g., gNB or UE 104) may not send auxiliary data to the communication unit. This auxiliary data may contain information not in the authorized object (e.g., security, privacy issues) or authorization-related questions. In this process, one or more schemes can be used to implement the examples in the foregoing embodiments. In one scheme, the CN (e.g., SF / AMF) and / or the communication unit (e.g., gNB or UE 104) may respond with a signal to generate a rejection signal to reject the request. This rejection signal may contain a reason for rejecting the request, including an unauthorized code, unauthorized auxiliary data, or an unauthorized identity (ID). In another scheme, the CN (e.g., SF / AMF) and / or the communication unit (e.g., gNB or UE 104) may not respond to the request.

[0041] In this scheme, the request initiator can configure a maximum number of requests. Furthermore, this maximum number of requests can be dynamically indicated. The effective duration of the maximum number of requests can be continuous or semi-continuous. Additionally, the request initiator can configure a maximum waiting time, which can also be dynamically indicated. The effective duration of the maximum waiting time can be continuous or semi-continuous. The request initiator can be a node of the CN (e.g., SF / AMF) or a communication unit (e.g., gNB or UE 104).

[0042] The request initiator may send a request signal, which may include, but is not limited to: one or more velocity-related parameters (e.g., velocity / rate, Doppler parameters, acceleration, micro-Doppler parameters), power-related parameters (e.g., power, received reference signal power (RSRP), single-path received reference signal power (RSRPP), received signal strength indication (RSSI), single-path received signal strength indication (RSSP)), angle-related parameters (e.g., angle of arrival (AOA) (AOA, ZOA), angle of departure (AOD) (AOD, ZOD)), distance-related parameters (e.g., round-trip time (RTT), delay, reference signal time difference (RSTD)), resource-related parameters (e.g., time, frequency, beam (e.g., spatial relationship, spatial filter)), and other parameters (e.g., phase, LOS / NLOS, number of paths, radar cross section (material, size, angle)). Each parameter may include a numerical value, a numerical range, a list of ranges, one or more lists of numerical values, a threshold / limit threshold, a threshold / limit threshold list, a change, variance, numerical variation, one or more lists of changes, one or more lists of variances, or one or more lists of numerical variations. In addition, the request may include an ID, which could be a device ID required by the request initiator (e.g., Road Side Unit (RSU), Physical Cell Identity (PCI), PCI list). Auxiliary data / measurements about the RSU from the CN or RSU can be sent from the request initiator to UE 104. For example, the request may include waveforms or center frequency. For example, the CN unit may perform authorization before responding. The CN unit can be at least one of LMF, SF, AMF, or Library Communication Framework (LCF).

[0043] Example 4: Sensing-Assisted Communication Beam Perception can assist in the management of communication beams. For example, before TRP / gNB / UE 104 can transmit communication signals, a perception assistance data request can be sent to SF. SF can perform a response process based on security (e.g., the process in the foregoing embodiments). Furthermore, TRP / gNB / UE 104 can select resources / beams to transmit communication signals based on common perception assistance communication methods (e.g., the methods in the foregoing embodiments). For ease of description, beam / resource selection can be based on CN or based on gNB / UE 104. For CN-based beam selection, CN (e.g., LMF or AMF) configures the selected beam and selects the beam ID based on the responded perception assistance data. For gNB / UE 104-based beam selection, gNB / UE 104 (e.g., UE 104) configures the selected beam and selects the beam ID based on the responded perception assistance data. Perception assistance data can come from a deviceless perception model and / or a device-based perception model / cooperative perception model.

[0044] For the device-free perception model, a general perception-assisted communication method (e.g., the method in the foregoing embodiments) can be used. For the device-based perception model, a general perception-assisted communication method can be used, and the gNB can request and respond to information based on device-based perception, with the perception target being an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). This UAV can receive and transmit various signals. For example, BS 102 can send communication signals to UE 104, but the link can be a non-line-of-sight link. Therefore, the UAV can be used to assist the communication process, where security can be authorized through the UAV of the authorized object.

[0045] For example, when using beam transmission, BS 102 or UE 104 can request information such as beam direction / target coordinates from core network elements (e.g., LMF / SF). After receiving the request information, BS 102 / UE 104 can selectively send back the requested information based on security and other conditions. Furthermore, beam transmission can be performed using auxiliary information sent by core network elements (e.g., LMF / SF). In other words, when performing beam reception, BS 102 / UE 104 can request information such as beam direction / target coordinates from core network elements (e.g., LMF / SF). Beam reception can be achieved using auxiliary information sent by core network elements (e.g., LMF / SF).

[0046] For example, when BS 102 communicates with UE 104, BS 102 can request LMF to determine whether there is a sensed target obstruction between BS 102 and UE 104. If an obstruction exists, BS 102 can select the beam with the maximum NLOS reflection power for transmission, thereby avoiding situations where (e.g., a beam in the LOS direction is selected, but that beam is blocked by a sensed target). For example, there is a spatial / quasi-co-location (QCL) relationship between a communication signal / channel (e.g., PDCCH) and a sensed reference signal. Therefore, a spatial / QCL relationship exists between a communication signal / channel (e.g., PDCCH) and a sensed reference signal.

[0047] Furthermore, a spatial / QCL relationship exists between n (n = 1, 2, 3, ...) communication signals / channels (e.g., PDCCH) and a sensing reference signal. Further, a spatial / QCL relationship exists between a communication signal / channel (e.g., PDCCH) and m (m = 1, 2, 3, ...) sensing reference signals. Further, a spatial / QCL relationship exists between n communication signals / channels (e.g., PDCCH) and m sensing reference signals. For example, the spatial / QCL relationship of the communication signal / channel (e.g., PDCCH) is associated with the sensing reference signal. This association can be related to a sensing resource. Furthermore, the spatial / QCL relationship of the communication signal / channel can be the same as, opposite to, or mutually exclusive with the sensing resource (e.g., no association).

[0048] Example 5: Sensing-Assisted Communication Resource Selection Perception-assisted communication resource selection When different signals are used for communication and sensing, the transmission of sensing signals can assist in optimizing the time and frequency domain resources of communication services. This optimization process can be based on request-response or recommendation procedures. In some arrangements (e.g., the same reference signal from different devices), the transmission of sensing signals can assist in optimizing the time and frequency domain resources of communication services. For example, communication services in a sidelink (SL) between UE 1041 and UE 1042 can be defined as follows: UE 1041 transmits a sensing reference signal for monopolar sensing services. Therefore, UE 1042 cannot know the resources or configuration of this sensing reference signal. If UE 1043 can listen to communication signals, the periodic transmission of the sensing reference signal will interfere with UE 1043's communication signals.

[0049] In some configurations, time-frequency domain resource selection for communication signals can be achieved based on the configuration of the acquired sensing reference signal. For example, UE 104 can request a sensing reference signal configuration from the CN unit or (server) UE 104. Furthermore, the CN can recommend configurations for communication resource selection to UE 104. Additionally, sensing or communication services can involve multiple base stations / UE 104. In existing communication mechanisms, BS 102 is only responsible for resource allocation and scheduling for UE 104 within its coverage area to achieve periodic resource scheduling. Core network elements (e.g., AMF / LMF / SF) can analyze the time-domain and frequency-domain resource occupancy of BS 102 and UE 104 to allocate and schedule time-domain and frequency-domain resources. For example, the LMF / SF connects multiple BS 102s. The LMF / SF can assist in communication resource allocation. For another example, the SF can send the sensing resource allocation status to the gNB, thereby recommending preferred and / or non-preferred resources for communication to the gNB. For yet another example, the CN is aware of the resource allocation status of these gNBs that have links with the CN unit. The CN unit can recommend optimized gNBs to perform communication / location and / or sensing services. Resources can be time resources, frequency resources, and / or space resources.

[0050] This scheme offers numerous advantages, such as effective interference cancellation for UE 104 resource allocation, especially for UE 104 at the cell edge. For example, a silencing mechanism can be introduced in sensing-based multi-site cooperation. For instance, when a gNB is transmitting a reference signal, nearby gNBs may refrain from transmitting some potentially interfering reference signals. For sensing-assisted communication, silencing information can be sent to the communicating gNB to minimize communication interference. Furthermore, the CN unit can recommend the transmit signal power for communication (e.g., device-based sensing), and the gNB can sense and communicate with the device. Therefore, the SF can recommend the transmit power for communication based on the same / correlated path loss between sensing and communication. This silencing scheme can be a power recommendation.

[0051] Perception-assisted communication mobility Location / awareness-assisted communication mobility can be based on device-based awareness. For example, based on general awareness-assisted communication, the gNB can sense the mobility of UE 104 / reflector. For device-based awareness services, TRP handover or target beam switching information is the same as the communication message. When the target is UE 104 waiting for communication, UE 104 can be in a mobile state. Mobility information can be used for communication. Furthermore, request and response procedures can be used to ensure security. For example, TRP handover or target beam switching information can serve as a reference for UE 104 near the target. If the gNB / TRP knows the location of UE 104 and the target, TRP / beam switching or other awareness information can be multiplexed for communication.

[0052] Established environment Example 6: General Environment Setup / Update This embodiment provides a method for establishing, using, and / or updating an environment. In some arrangements, the environment can be modeled using fingerprint positioning methods, artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) methods, simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) methods, and / or digital twin methods, thereby obtaining channel environment coefficients / environment map coefficients. Furthermore, measurement results from sensing and / or communication services can be used as input to these methods, and the measurement results can come from a server (CN) and / or sensing / communication units. For example, the environment establishment method can be indicated by signals and dynamically indicated (e.g., downlink control information (DCI) containing the indication instructing UE 104 to establish an environment map / network using AI methods). Additionally, UE 104 can send an indication to the CN unit and request the use of SLAM methods to establish an environment map / network.

[0053] Environment establishment methods can be (pre-)configured (e.g., initial configuration can be configured for UE 104 for sidelink-aware services). Different environment coefficients / networks can be obtained through one or more methods. For example, computation / training can be performed on remote devices / entities, or via edge computing, and can be performed offline and / or online. Environment coefficients / networks can be associated with beam management, mobility, and / or tracking for sensing, communication, and / or location services. For example, a CN unit (e.g., AMF / LMF) can trigger / request environment establishment / update / use. Furthermore, Radio Access Network (RAN) units / clients can trigger or request environment establishment / update / use (e.g., UE 104 / TRP requests the use of environment coefficients). For example, messages related to environment coefficient relationships can be such as... Figure 7 As shown. Figure 7 The diagram illustrates the link relationships between these units. One or more message exchanges occur between the four units. Each unit can exchange messages with another unit. For ease of description, each unit can send messages to another unit. Furthermore, a message sent from one unit to another can be one or more requests, responses, or recommendation commands. Therefore, there are a total of 36 scenarios (e.g., 12 × 3 scenarios). Additionally, these commands can be associated with auxiliary data, measurements, measurement results, and / or capability-related messages related to environmental factors.

[0054] Furthermore, for established environmental factors / networks, authorization can be granted before their use, thereby adding additional security. The establishment, use, and / or updating of an environment may involve only one sensed target or one located target. The capabilities of this embodiment are not limited to the overall / complete environment but can also consider local environments / individual targets.

[0055] Example 7: Environment Setup / Update Process Environment setup can be based on BS 102 to UE 104, UE 104 to UE 104, UE 104 to BS 102, or BS 102 to BS 102. Location and measurement results can come from one or more UE 104 and / or BS 102. Environmental information / coefficients / networks can be achieved through Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM), digital twins, or artificial intelligence networks. Figure 8 An example of environment establishment / update / use is shown. For example, environment establishment is based on messages (sense / location / communication reference signals) sent by UE 104 to TRP and / or received from TRP. Environment establishment can also be based on messages (sense / location / communication reference signals) sent by TRP to UE 104 and / or received from UE 104.

[0056] Channel information from UE 104 and / or TRP is reported to the CN unit. The location of TRP and / or UE 104 can be used to establish environmental information / coefficients / networks. Environmental information / coefficients / networks can be associated with an ID. This ID corresponds to the environmental information / coefficients / network. Based on the ID, some configuration information can be obtained, such as the TRP used to establish environmental coefficients. Based on the ID, different areas / establishment methods can also be obtained. Figure 9 An example of the environmental process is shown. In step 905, UE 104 / BS 102 / gNB / CN triggers the establishment / update / use of environmental coefficients. In step 910, the triggering UE 104 / BS 102 / gNB sends the measurement results to CN. In step 915A, based on these measurement results, CN calculates environmental information, the location of one or more sensed targets, and / or the location of one or more positioning targets. In step 915B, CN may send the relevant measurement results to UE 104. Based on the request information (e.g., area-aware service), UE 104 may calculate the environmental information, the location of one or more sensed targets, and / or the location of one or more positioning targets. In step 920A, CN responds to the requesting unit with the final results (environmental information, the location of one or more sensed targets, and / or the location of one or more positioning targets). In step 920B, for sidelink services, server UE 104 may perform calculations and respond to UE 104's request. In addition, UE 104 sends the results (environmental information, the location of one or more sensed targets and / or the location of one or more positioning targets) to CN, and CN sends the relevant information to the requesting unit.

[0057] For example, triggering conditions can be velocity-related parameters (e.g., velocity / rate, Doppler parameters, acceleration, micro-Doppler parameters), power-related parameters (e.g., power, received reference signal power (RSRP), received single-path reference signal power (RSRPP), received signal strength indication (RSSI), received single-path signal strength indication (RSSP)), angle-related parameters (e.g., angle of arrival (AOA) (AOA, ZOA), angle of departure (AOD) (AOD, ZOD)), distance-related parameters (e.g., round-trip time (RTT), delay, reference signal time difference (RSTD)), resource-related parameters (e.g., time, frequency, beam (e.g., spatial relationship, spatial filter)), and other parameters (e.g., phase, LOS / NLOS, number of paths, radar cross section (material, size, angle)). Each parameter can contain a value, a value range, a list of ranges, one or more lists of values, a threshold / limit threshold, a threshold / limit threshold list, a change, variance, value variation, one or more lists of variations, one or more lists of variances, or one or more lists of value variations. Furthermore, the information in the triggering conditions is indicated by path, including line-of-sight (LOS) or non-line-of-sight (NLOS) indication. Additionally, the information in the triggering conditions is indicated radially (velocity) and / or non-radially (velocity). Furthermore, the information in the triggering conditions can be indicated horizontally and / or vertically.

[0058] For example, latency-related parameters can be (pre)configured by the CN unit / UE 104 / TRP. For the establishment of a new environment, if the network in that environment is established within the parameter constraints, UE 104 / TRP can use the new network. Otherwise, UE 104 / TRP can use the legacy network. Latency-related parameters can be sent from the CN unit to devices (e.g., BS 102, gNB, TRP, PRU, RSU, UE 104, etc.). Dynamic authorization, periodic indication, or non-periodic indication can be used for latency-related parameters. Latency-related parameters can be higher-layer parameters. For example, the higher layer can be one of RRC, LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP), New Radio Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa), and another higher-layer parameter for sensing / positioning / UL / DL / SL (e.g., SL-RRC, Sidelink Positioning Protocol (SLPP) for SL). Furthermore, latency-related parameters are physical layer parameters. For example, latency-related parameters can be included in physical layer signals, and physical layer signals can be sidelink control information (SCI), DCI, uplink control information (UCI), media access control element (MAC CE), etc.

[0059] Example 8: Environmental Coefficient Correlation Capability Between one device (gNB / UE 104) / CN unit / entity and another device / CN unit / entity, requests, reports, and / or responses are made regarding the ability to establish / update / use environmental parameters or maps (e.g., the LMF can send capability requests to multiple gNBs, and multiple gNBs can respond with their capabilities to the LMF). For example, a CN unit (LMF) can request environmental establishment capabilities from multiple gNBs / UE 104. The LMF maintains contact with one or more gNBs, and one or more UE 104s are within the coverage area of ​​one gNB. These gNBs and UE 104s can respond with their capabilities to the LMF. For example, as... Figure 10 As shown, following the capability indication request indication process, the capability indication process allows the sensing unit to provide capabilities to the server. Furthermore, unrequested capabilities established by the environment are also possible. For example, such as... Figure 11As shown, the capability indication procedure allows the sensing unit to provide unrequested capabilities to the server. In some arrangements (e.g., when UE 104 performs a random access procedure to the gNB / CN), capabilities related to environmental factors can be provided to the gNB and / or CN unit / server unit.

[0060] This capability can be associated with speed-related parameters, power-related parameters, angle-related parameters, distance-related parameters, resource-related parameters, or one or more other parameters. Each parameter includes at least one of the following: numerical value, numerical range, range list, numerical list, threshold, threshold list, variation, variance, numerical variation, variation limit threshold, variation list, variance list, or numerical variation list. Furthermore, the information in this capability can be path-oriented, including line-of-sight (LOS) or non-line-of-sight (NLOS) indication. Furthermore, the information in this capability can be radial (velocity) and / or non-radial (velocity) indication. Furthermore, the information in this capability can be horizontal and / or vertical indication. Furthermore, the information in this capability can establish capability, establish updated capability, and / or establish usability capability.

[0061] For example, if the LMF sends a request to a gNB / UE 104 to establish an environment map, UE 104 within the coverage area of ​​one or more gNBs and / or related gNBs can provide and report measurement results to the LMF (e.g., UE 104 only has AOA measurement capabilities, or UE 104 only supports multi-RTT (single-sided RTT and / or dual-sided RTT) methods). Furthermore, the capability is the ability to support either AOA or multi-RTT. Based on these capabilities, an environment map can be established.

[0062] Example 9: Environmental Network Related Solutions Triggering Environment Network Environment (re)establishment / update can be triggered by core network units and / or sensing units (e.g., LMF / AMF / SF sending a reconstruction indication), where UE 104 can send a reconstruction indication. A reconstruction indication can be triggered when UE 104 receives poor location / sensing / communication results based on environmental factors / network reception. Furthermore, UE 104 can trigger or request another UE 104 / gNB or CN unit to trigger environment reconstruction. For example, the CN unit may decide to trigger environment network (re)establishment / update. Trigger events may include: the number of requests from one or more UE 104 units and / or the number of UE 104 units requesting environment network (re)establishment / update. Additionally, area restrictions can be associated with the trigger (e.g., within a region, the number of requests from one or more UE 104 units and / or the number of UE 104 units requesting environment network (re)establishment / update determines the trigger event).

[0063] For example, an environmental network can have multiple event triggers. An environmental network can also have multiple trigger conditions. Trigger conditions can be combined conditions (e.g., velocity-based correction conditions, micro-Doppler parameter-based correction conditions).

[0064] Events / conditions of environment network triggers The parameters of the event trigger condition may include at least one of the following: velocity-related parameters (e.g., velocity / rate, Doppler parameters, acceleration, micro-Doppler parameters), power-related parameters (e.g., power, received reference signal power (RSRP), single-path received reference signal power (RSRPP), received signal strength indication (RSSI), single-path received signal strength indication (RSSP)), angle-related parameters (e.g., angle of arrival (AOA) (AOA, ZOA), angle of departure (AOD) (AOD, ZOD)), distance-related parameters (e.g., round-trip time (RTT), delay, reference signal time difference (RSTD)), resource-related parameters (e.g., time, frequency, beam (e.g., spatial relationship, spatial filter)), and other parameters (e.g., phase, LOS / NLOS, number of paths, radar cross section (material, size, angle)). Each parameter may contain a numerical value, a numerical range, a list of ranges, one or more lists of numerical values, a threshold / limit threshold, a threshold / limit threshold list, a change, variance, numerical change, one or more lists of changes, one or more lists of variances, or one or more lists of numerical changes.

[0065] Environmental network cycle For example, the (re)establishment, modification, and revision of an environment network can be configured / granted dynamic, periodic, or aperiodic scheduling. For instance, one or more cycles of the (re)establishment, modification, or revision of an environment network can be configured by a CN unit (e.g., AMF). For one or more environment networks, physical layer signals (DCI, SCI, or other signals) can indicate the network's cycle. This cycle can be derived from a (pre-)configured set of cycles. Furthermore, for one or more environment networks, higher layers (RRC, MAC CE, LPP, SLPP, NRPPa) can configure the network's cycle, or configure a list / set of cycles for one or more networks.

[0066] Furthermore, periodic scheduling can be persistent and / or semi-persistent. For example, if the (re)establishment period of the environmental network is configured as semi-persistent by a CN unit (e.g., AMF), the (re)establishment of the network using this configuration period will last for one or more time periods. In some arrangements, it may be necessary to reselect the period. As another example, if the (re)establishment period of the environmental network is configured as persistent by a CN unit (e.g., AMF), the (re)establishment of the network using this configuration period will persist until a new configuration or indication is made.

[0067] Reference signal of environmental network The reference signal is associated with / corresponds to the event trigger / trigger condition, and can be at least one of the following: Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), Sounding Reference Signal for Positioning (SRS-pos), Positioning Reference Signal (PRS), SL-PRS, Sensing Reference Signal (Sensing RS), Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH), Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH), Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel (PSFCH), Synchronization Signal / Physical broadcast channel Block (SSB), and Sidelink Synchronization Signal / Physical broadcast channel Block (S-SSB). For example, if the event is a handover of network usage, the trigger condition can be associated with an SSB (e.g., UE 104 using network 1 receives SSB 1 from gNB 1). If UE 104 moves to another coverage area of ​​gNB 2, and UE 104 uses gNB 2's SSB 2 as a synchronization reference signal, then UE 104 can use the new network associated with SSB 2, and this SSB triggers a handover of network usage.

[0068] The reference signal associated with / corresponding to the event can be at least one of SRS, SRS-pos, PRS, SL-PRS, Sensing RS, DMRS, PSSCH, PSCCH, PSFCH, SSB, S-SSB, etc. For example, if the event is network (re)establishment, the reference signal used for network (re)establishment can be at least one of SRS, SRS-pos, PRS, SL-PRS, Sensing RS, DMRS, PSSCH, PSCCH, PSFCH, SSB, S-SSB, etc. Furthermore, the measurement results used for network (re)establishment can be correlated with one or more of SRS, SRS-pos, PRS, SL-PRS, Sensing RS, DMRS, PSSCH, PSCCH, PSFCH, SSB, S-SSB, etc.

[0069] Requests and responses from environmental network triggers The CN unit requests UE 104 / TRP to use / (re)establish the environment network (e.g., the AMF / SF sends a network establishment request message). UE 104 / TRP receives the request message and processes the measurement results. In some arrangements, the message processing measurement results can be sent to the AMF / SF, which establishes the network. In some arrangements, UE 104 / TRP can establish the network based on the measurement results. For example, the AMF / SF sends a request message to obtain measurement results that UE 104 / TRP may have already measured. Another example is that UE 104 / TRP initiates a request to the CN unit (e.g., the AMF / SF) (e.g., UE 104 requests sensing measurement results and / or environment establishment). Furthermore, UE 104 requests measurement results that may have already been measured from the CN unit. The measurement results can be communication-related information and can be obtained through UR / TRP measurements or measurements from other UR / TRPs.

[0070] Temporal Relationship of Environmental Networks For example, time-related parameters of the environmental network can be (pre-)configured via the CN unit / UE 104 / TRP for (new) environmental (network) reporting / updating / establishment. If the environmental network completes establishment / reporting / updating within the time-related parameters, the UE 104 / TRP can use that network. Otherwise, the UE 104 / TRP can use the legacy environmental network. Time-related parameters can be sent from the CN unit to devices (e.g., BS 102, gNB, TRP, PRU, RSU, UE 104, etc.). Dynamic authorization, periodic indication, or non-periodic indication can be used for time-related parameters. Time-related parameters are higher-level parameters. For example, higher-level parameters can be RRC, LPP, NRPPa, and higher-level parameters for sensing / location / UL / DL / SL (e.g., SL-RRC, SLPP for SL).

[0071] Furthermore, time-related parameters are physical layer parameters. For example, delay-related parameters are contained in physical layer signals, which can be SCI, DCI, UCI, MAC CE, etc. These physical signals are used for sensing / positioning / UL / DL / SL. Time-related parameters can also be time gaps / time windows. For example, after UE 104 initiates a request, the CN unit should respond with auxiliary data (including measurement results) within the time gap / time window.

[0072] For example, responses / establishments / updates should include a timestamp, which is set for each environment network. A valid usage time window / gap / period is configured for the environment network, and the configured mode can be used. Furthermore, the time window length parameter can indicate the time window / gap / period. Additionally, the time window start point parameter can indicate the time window / gap / period. Furthermore, the time window end point parameter can indicate the time window / gap / period.

[0073] Multiple environmental networks For a given environmental network, multiple related environmental networks can exist. The relationships between these environmental networks can be correlated or partially correlated. For example, for a region, there exists an environmental network. Another speed-related environmental network may also exist. The speed environmental network can be used to analyze the impact of speed and perform speed assessment / prediction. Furthermore, a set of networks can be used for some related environments. This environment requires a group ID and / or a network ID. The group ID and / or network ID can be a list / set. Higher layers and / or the physical layer can send and / or receive one or more related messages with IDs. The network ID and / or environmental network can correspond to, for example, different environmental maps corresponding to different types of environments (e.g., permanent and cyclical environments), different types of environments (e.g., long-term and cyclical environments), different regions of the environment, and fusion schemes (e.g., linear / non-linear weighting, weighting parameters corresponding to signaling), where multiple UEs 104 are fused, parameters need to be passed to multiple UEs 104, and the network ID and / or environmental network can have different effective usage times (e.g., short-term environmental detection can only be used within the relevant time period and cannot be used long-term). For example, short-term environmental monitoring can only be used for a continuous time period, not for long periods. Longer time periods, including multiple monitoring results that remain unchanged, can correspond to even longer timeframes and the probabilistic use of different environmental networks (fusion of multiple networks). Network IDs and / or environmental networks correspond to sparse mappings (e.g., landmarks) and dense mappings (e.g., surrounding environment). For example, finding someone in a park, using sparse mappings, and obtaining a single coordinate from multiple points can all be categorized as sparse mappings. Navigation maps can be dense maps. The advantages of sparse mappings are that they require less storage space and result in lower computational latency; while the advantages of dense mappings are that they avoid redundant mappings, are easy to reuse, and have relatively high accuracy.

[0074] For example, if multiple environment networks are (pre-)configured, the type and / or ID of the AI / ML model are required. For an environment network, there may be multiple feature IDs, each corresponding to a feature of the environment network (e.g., speed-related features, distance-related features, angle-related features, etc.). Different environments can contain different effective areas / usage time windows / gap / cycles / velocities. Different environment maps can correspond to different types of environments (e.g., environments that remain unchanged over a long period or change periodically), different regional environments, or different effective usage times. For example, a short-term detection environment can be used for a relevant time period but not for long-term use. Within an extended time period, if multiple detection results remain almost unchanged, the detection can correspond to a longer usage time and can use different environment networks based on probability (e.g., a solution with multiple networks). Different environment maps can correspond to a fusion solution (e.g., linear / non-linear weighted signaling with corresponding weight parameters, where the UE performs the fusion and the parameters need to be passed to the UE), a requirement (e.g., corresponding to different environments), an environment network corresponding to sparse mappings (e.g., landmark buildings), or an environment network corresponding to dense mappings (e.g., various surrounding environments).

[0075] For example, finding people in a park, sparse mapping, and determining coordinates using multiple points can all be categorized as sparse mapping. Navigation maps are dense mappings. The advantages of sparse mapping are its small storage requirement and extremely low computational latency. The advantages of dense mapping are that it avoids image duplication, facilitates reuse, and has relatively high accuracy. When there are multiple sets of parameters (e.g., multiple AI / ML models requiring AI / ML model IDs), and the parameters can include requests for IDs... The UE can indicate the supported AI / ML model ID in the UE capability report for a given supported AI / ML feature / feature group (FG). The AI / ML environment network can have at least one of input features and / or output features. This feature can be associated with one or more parameters. One or more parameter conditions may include at least one of the following: velocity-related parameters (e.g., velocity / rate, Doppler parameters, acceleration, micro-Doppler parameters), power-related parameters (e.g., power, received reference signal power (RSRP), received single-path reference signal power (RSRPP), received signal strength indication (RSSI), received single-path signal strength indication (RSSP)), angle-related parameters (e.g., angle of arrival (AOA) (AOA, ZOA), angle of departure (AOD) (AOD, ZOD)), distance-related parameters (e.g., round-trip time (RTT), delay, reference signal time difference (RSTD)), resource-related parameters (e.g., time, frequency, beam (e.g., spatial relationship, spatial filter)), and other parameters (e.g., phase, LOS / NLOS, number of paths, radar cross section (material, size, angle)). Each parameter may include a value, a value range, a list of ranges, one or more lists of values, a threshold / limit threshold, a threshold / limit threshold list, a change, variance, value variation, one or more lists of changes, one or more lists of variances, or one or more lists of value variations. AI / ML model IDs and / or feature IDs may be globally unique.

[0076] Priority of environmental networks Environment networks are associated with priorities. For example, priorities can be higher-level parameters and / or physical-level parameters. If either a higher-level priority or a physical-level priority is configured, there can be some relationship between them. For example, there might be eight priorities, represented using 3 bits from 000 to 111. Priorities can be associated with the (re)establishment / response / update / use of one or more environment networks. For example, a TRP requests an environment network from a CN unit. The CN unit contains multiple networks that can respond to the TRP and can select a better network for the TRP based on priorities.

[0077] Environmental Authorization Measurement results, configurations (e.g., resource allocation, waveforms), and / or other information from communication / sensing can be correlated with auxiliary data. Figure 12 A method for requesting auxiliary data is illustrated. The sensing unit can send an auxiliary data request to the server. In response to receiving the auxiliary data request, the server can provide auxiliary data to the sensing unit. Figure 13Another method for requesting auxiliary data is illustrated. The sensing unit can send an auxiliary data request to the server. In some arrangements, the sensing unit and the server can authorize each other (e.g., private-key-public-key access, authorized access, etc.). In response to successful authorization, the server can provide auxiliary data to the sensing unit. For example, after the sensing unit sends a request signal, the server (e.g., the core network unit) can decide to perform authorization. Furthermore, UE 104 requests authorization for its own messages / information (e.g., paid users have access rights, non-paid users have access rights). Again, for example, if authorization is successful, the server will provide auxiliary data. If authorization fails, a "denied access" response is provided to the sensing unit, which can be (pre)configured or dynamically indicated. If the server does not provide a response, the maximum number of authorization requests or the maximum waiting time can be (pre)configured.

[0078] Example 10: Message exchange between multiple sensing units and multiple CN units Message exchanges may include information related to privacy and / or security. Message exchanges can occur between sensing units, communication units, location units, first CN units, second CN units, and third CN units. For example, message exchanges can occur between first CN units, second CN units, and third CN units. One of these CN units can be a location-related unit, a sensing-related unit, or an authorization-related unit. Furthermore, the first CN unit, second CN unit, or third CN unit can be the same unit. Further understanding, messages include message exchanges between multiple CN units, as well as message exchanges between CN units and RAN / CN units (BS 102 / gNB / TRP / UE 104, sensing units, communication units, location units).

[0079] This embodiment considers the privacy and security of communication information (e.g., perceived privacy and security). If perceived privacy and security are taken into account, this embodiment can be extended to message exchange between a communication unit and one or more CN units, and the order of the first CN unit, second CN unit, and third CN unit can be interchanged. For example, the first CN unit can be a CN perception-related unit, the second CN unit can be a CN location-related unit, and the third CN unit can be a CN authorization-related unit. In some arrangements, the CN perception-related unit can be an SF, AMF, or other unit / entity. In some arrangements, the CN location-related unit can be an LMF, AMF, Gateway Mobile Location Centre (GMLC), Application Function (AF), or other unit / entity.

[0080] Figure 14An example of message exchange between multiple units is shown. The diagram illustrates the link relationships between these units. There are four units exchanging messages. Each unit can exchange messages with another unit. For ease of description, each unit can send a message to another unit (e.g., a sensing unit sends a message to a CN location unit). Furthermore, a message sent from one unit to another can be one or more request, response, or recommendation commands. There are 36 possible scenarios, a number that is the product of 12 scenarios and 3 interacting units. Moreover, these commands (e.g., one or more request, response, or recommendation commands) can be associated with auxiliary data, measurements, measurement results, and / or capability-related messages. For example, the request and response (e.g., providing a message) process can be illustrated using auxiliary data as an example. In one arrangement, Figure 15 An example of message exchange is shown. The sensing unit can send a request message to the CN sensing unit (1a), the location unit (1b), and / or the authorization unit (1c). For a three-party request, the request receiving unit can send the request (including authorization) to the authorization unit, which can provide feedback on the request's auxiliary data or permissions.

[0081] In another arrangement, Figure 16 Another example of message exchange is shown. Figure 16 The diagram illustrates the following: a sensing unit sends a request message (1a) to a CN sensing unit, and the CN sensing unit can provide corresponding auxiliary data (2a); the CN sensing unit can send a request message (1b) to a location unit, and the location unit can provide corresponding auxiliary data (2b); the location unit can send a request message (1c) to an authorization unit, and the authorization unit can provide corresponding auxiliary data (2c). A unit can request auxiliary data from relevant units one by one, thereby obtaining an exemplary link and secure data transmission process based on the above signal exchange process. These processes can be independent. For ease of description, "independent" is defined as: a process occurring between any units described herein (e.g., steps 2a, 2b, 2c). Furthermore, the timing relationship of these steps can be: step 2a after step 1a, step 2b after step 1b, and / or step 2c after step 1c. Alternatively, the timing relationship of these steps can be: step 1b after step 1a, step 1c after step 1b, step 2c after step 1c, step 2b after step 2c, and step 2a after step 2b. Moreover, the timing relationship of these steps is not limited. In some arrangements, the timing relationship between the above steps also applies / is feasible.

[0082] In yet another arrangement, Figure 17 This illustrates yet another example of message exchange. Figure 17The diagram illustrates that the sensing unit sends a request message (1a) to the CN sensing unit, while the CN sensing unit can also send requests to other CN units (e.g., location units). The location unit / entity needs to perform authorization with the authorization unit. If authorization is successful, the location will send auxiliary data (which may come from the authorization unit) to the sensing unit. The sensing unit requests location-related auxiliary data, while the CN location unit requests authorization. Based on the above signal exchange process, an improved secure data transmission process can be obtained.

[0083] In yet another arrangement, Figure 18 This illustrates yet another example of message exchange. Figure 18 The diagram illustrates that a sensing unit sends a request message (1a) to a CN sensing unit, which in turn can send requests to other CN units (e.g., location units). Furthermore, a CN location unit / entity can also send a request to a CN authorizing unit. The CN authorizing unit can provide auxiliary data / permissions to the sensing unit. The auxiliary data may originate from a CN location unit, a CN authorizing unit, or a CN sensing unit. Additionally, the CN authorizing unit can provide permissions for the sensing unit's own auxiliary data. The location unit / entity can perform authorization with the authorizing unit. If authorization is successful, the location can send the auxiliary data to the sensing unit. The CN authorizing unit can provide a message to the requesting unit, thereby achieving an improved secure data transmission process based on the aforementioned signal exchange process. Message exchange can be performed via a direct link or an indirect link. The embodiment described herein illustrates such a direct link. An indirect link can include one or more of the units described herein. Furthermore, the request message can contain any combination of one or more of the aforementioned sets / lists of signals / messages / information / configurations.

[0084] In some arrangements, request or recommendation messages can originate from different times / cells. For example, if the sensing unit is TRP A and a target is moving towards the area of ​​TRP B, recommendation information for that target can be provided by TRP A. In some arrangements, requests and measurement results / responses from TRP B can be combined with this recommendation information to perform the sensing process. As another example, authorization may correspond to a service rather than to communication-assisted sensing or sensing-assisted communication (e.g., sensing service), where a request for a specific area may be denied authorization. In this case, the sensing service may fail. For example, UE 104 may contain unpaid sensing service charges, thus UE 104 may fail to be authorized. Therefore, the service may not be able to execute. For example, if the request from UE 104 is authorized, BS 102 can execute the sensing process. For example, BS 102 can execute the sensing process, and if UE 104 is authorized, UE 104 can receive the sensing result from BS 102. However, if UE 102 fails to authorize, UE 104 may not be able to receive the sensing result from BS 102.

[0085] The request message may also include one or more beams (e.g., beamforming, spot beaming), one or more resources (e.g., communication resources), cell ID (e.g., PCI), location of TRP / gNB / BS 102 / UE 104 / RSU, center frequency, waveform, modulation scheme (e.g., Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK)), coding and / or modulation scheme (e.g., subcarrier reception monitoring), one or more modulation symbols on a specific subcarrier, timestamp (e.g., slot index, symbol index), transmit power, transmit bandwidth, uncertainty, QCL / spatial relationship, resources (e.g., frequency domain, time domain), frame structure, parameter set, or multiple access scheme.

[0086] Figure 19 A flowchart of a block channel state information (CSI) feedback method 600 is shown. This can be combined with the attached... Figure 1-18 Method 1900 can be implemented using any one or more of the components and devices described in detail herein. Generally, in some embodiments, method 1900 may be implemented by a wireless communication node (e.g., a base station (BS 102) or a radio access network (RAN) node). Depending on the embodiment, additional, fewer, or different operations may be performed in method 1900. At least one aspect of these operations relates to a system, method, apparatus, or computer-readable medium.

[0087] In some embodiments, the sensing-assisted communication / location process in this application can be extended to communication / location-assisted sensing (e.g., authorization-related processes, auxiliary data, request processes, and / or recommendation processes). For example, sensing capabilities can serve as a message exchange process in communication and can assist sensing services. As another example, the communication object can be the target of the sensing service. If authorization is successful (e.g., permissions are met, conditions are met, etc.), the information / message can be used to assist the sensing service. Furthermore, messages transmitted between one or more CN units, sensing units / devices, and / or communication units / devices can all contain requests, responses, and / or recommendations associated with auxiliary data, measurement results, and / or capability-related information.

[0088] A first wireless communication entity (e.g., a base station (BS 102) or a radio access network (RAN) node) can receive a first message from a second wireless communication entity (e.g., a user equipment (UE 104)). This first message contains information about one or more sensing units. The one or more sensing units include the location of each sensing unit, and / or the incident and reflection directions of each sensing unit, and perception-related auxiliary data includes the location of each sensing unit, and / or the incident and reflection directions of each sensing unit. The one or more sensing units may include: a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS) entity, a target, a reflector, a user equipment (UE 104), a base station (BS 102), a roadside unit (RSU), or a positioning reference unit (PRU). In some embodiments, the information of the sensing units includes the location of each sensing unit, and / or the incident and reflection directions of each sensing unit, and perception-related auxiliary data includes the location of each sensing unit, and / or the incident and reflection directions of each sensing unit. The first wireless communication entity may send a second message containing sensing-related auxiliary data to the third wireless communication entity, wherein the sensing-related auxiliary data is determined based on information from one or more sensing units. In some embodiments, the sensing-related auxiliary data is configured to reduce interference between the second and third wireless communication entities.

[0089] In some embodiments, a second wireless communication entity is requested to send information to a third wireless communication entity based on a signal indicating whether interference cancellation is required. A first wireless communication entity may receive the interference cancellation request and may request the second wireless communication entity to send information to the third wireless communication entity based on the signal indicating whether interference cancellation is required. The first wireless communication entity may recommend a third message associated with a preferred or non-preferred beam / beam list for communication between the second and third wireless communication entities. The first wireless communication entity may send the third message to the second and / or third wireless communication entities. In some embodiments, the third message is associated with the transmit and / or receive beams of the second and / or third wireless communication entities.

[0090] In some embodiments, a second or third wireless communication entity may request a preferred or non-preferred beam / beam list. The second or third wireless communication entity may request information from one or more sensing units, including at least one of velocity-related parameters, power-related parameters, angle-related parameters, range-related parameters, resource-related parameters, phase information, or radar cross-section information. In some embodiments, the second or third wireless communication entity sends a fourth message to the first wireless communication entity to make the request. The fourth message includes at least one of a Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) or a PCI list, and a waveform or center frequency.

[0091] In some embodiments, the first wireless communication may determine whether to send a fifth message in response to a request based on security requirements. In some embodiments, the beam configured for communication between the second and third wireless communication entities is selected by the first wireless communication entity based on sensing-related auxiliary data. In some embodiments, the beam configured for communication between the second and third wireless communication entities is selected by either the second or third wireless communication entity based on sensing-related auxiliary data. In some embodiments, the beam configured for communication between the second and third wireless communication entities is associated with beams from the second, third, and / or one or more sensing units. In some embodiments, the resources configured for communication between the second and third wireless communication entities are selected by the first wireless communication entity based on sensing-related auxiliary data. In some embodiments, the transmit power of the resources configured for communication between the second and third wireless communication entities is configured by the first wireless communication entity based on sensing-related auxiliary data. In some embodiments, the wireless communication entities configured for communication / location / sensing are configured by the first wireless communication entity based on sensing-related auxiliary data.

[0092] A first wireless communication entity may establish an environmental map based on multiple environmental coefficients. The environmental map is included in at least one of a first wireless communication entity, a second wireless communication entity, or a third wireless communication entity. Communication between any two entities from the first to the third wireless communication entity includes auxiliary data, measurement results, and / or capability-related information associated with the multiple environmental coefficients. Furthermore, communication between any two entities from the first to the third wireless communication entity also includes requests, responses, and / or recommendations associated with the auxiliary data, measurement results, and / or capability-related information. In some embodiments, auxiliary data includes communication / sensing measurement results, resource allocation configurations, and waveform configurations. The first wireless communication entity may update or reconstruct the environmental map, wherein the update or reconstruction of the environmental map is dynamic, periodic, or aperiodic. An update is triggered by a reference signal. In some embodiments, the first wireless communication entity requests the second and / or third wireless communication entities to update or reconstruct the environmental map. Requests, responses, and recommendations are all associated with timestamps. The environmental map includes multiple environmental maps associated with their respective priorities. One or more time-related parameters associated with the environmental map include higher-level parameters, physical-level parameters, and time windows.

[0093] In some embodiments, multiple messages are exchanged between a first wireless communication entity, a second wireless communication entity, a third wireless communication entity, and a fourth wireless communication entity. These multiple messages are related to sensing, communication, location, and / or permissions. Each message includes requests, responses, and / or recommendations associated with auxiliary data, measurement results, and / or capability-related information.

[0094] While various embodiments of the present solution have been described above, it should be understood that these embodiments are presented as examples only and not as limitations. Similarly, the various figures may depict example architectures or configurations, provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand the example features and functionality of the present solution. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the solution is not limited to the example architectures or configurations shown, but can be implemented using various alternative architectures and configurations. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should understand that one or more features in one embodiment may be combined with one or more features in another embodiment described herein. Therefore, the breadth and scope of this disclosure should not be limited to any of the exemplary embodiments described above.

[0095] It should also be understood that any reference to elements using names such as "first," "second," etc., in this document generally does not restrict the number or order of these elements. Rather, these names may simply be used as a convenient means of distinguishing two or more elements, or multiple instances of a single element. Therefore, a reference to the first element and the second element does not imply that only two elements can be used, nor does it imply that the first element must somehow precede the second element.

[0096] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that information and signals can be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, and symbols that may be referenced in the above description can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or light particles, or any combination thereof.

[0097] Those skilled in the art will further understand that any of the various exemplary logic blocks, modules, processors, means, circuits, methods, and functions described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware (e.g., digital implementation, analog implementation, or a combination of both), firmware, various forms of program or design code in conjunction with instructions (which, for convenience, may be referred to herein as "software" or "software module"), or any combination of these technologies. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware, firmware, and software, various exemplary components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been generally described above in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented in hardware, firmware, or software, or a combination of these technologies, depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the system as a whole. Those skilled in the art can implement the described functionality in various ways for each specific application, but such implementation decisions will not depart from the scope of this disclosure.

[0098] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that the various exemplary logic blocks, modules, devices, components, and circuits described herein can be implemented in or executed by an integrated circuit (IC). This IC may include a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, or any combination thereof. Logic blocks, modules, and circuits may also include antennas and / or transceivers for communicating with various components within a network or device. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, it may be any conventional processor, controller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of multiple computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a combination of multiple microprocessors, a combination of one or more microprocessors incorporating a DSP core, or any other suitable configuration for performing the functions described herein.

[0099] If these functions are implemented in software, they can be stored as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Therefore, the steps of the methods or algorithms disclosed herein can be implemented as software stored on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media and communication media, including any medium capable of transferring computer programs or code from one place to another. Storage media can be any available medium accessible to a computer. By way of example and not limitation, such computer-readable media can include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disc storage devices, disk storage devices or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store the required program code in the form of instructions or data structures and is accessible to a computer.

[0100] In this document, the term "module" as used herein refers to software, firmware, hardware, and any combination of these elements used to perform the associated functions described herein. Furthermore, for purposes of discussion, various modules are described as separate modules; however, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, according to embodiments of this solution, two or more modules may be combined to form a single module that performs the associated functions.

[0101] Furthermore, in embodiments of this solution, memory or other storage and communication components may be employed. It should be understood that, for clarity, embodiments of this solution have been described above with reference to different functional units and processors. However, it will be apparent that any appropriate allocation of functionality may be made among different functional units, processing logic elements, or domains without diminishing the effectiveness of this solution. For example, a function shown to be performed by multiple independent processing logic elements or controllers may be performed by the same processing logic element or controller. Therefore, references to specific functional units are merely references to suitable means for providing the described functionality and do not indicate a strict logical or physical structure or organization.

[0102] Various modifications to the embodiments described herein will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be endowed with the broadest scope consistent with the novel features and principles disclosed herein, as set forth in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A wireless communication method, comprising: A first wireless communication entity receives a first message from a second wireless communication entity, the first message including information from one or more sensing units; as well as The first wireless communication entity sends a second message to the third wireless communication entity. The second message includes perception-related auxiliary data, wherein the perception-related auxiliary data is determined based on information from the one or more sensing units.

2. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein, The perception-related auxiliary data is configured to improve communication between the second wireless communication entity and the third wireless communication entity.

3. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein, The perception-related auxiliary data is configured to reduce interference between the second wireless communication entity and the third wireless communication entity.

4. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein, The information of the sensing unit includes the position of each sensing unit in the one or more sensing units, and / or the incident direction and reflection direction of each sensing unit in the one or more sensing units, and the sensing-related auxiliary data includes the position of each sensing unit in the one or more sensing units, and / or the incident direction and reflection direction of each sensing unit in the one or more sensing units.

5. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein, Based on a signal indicating whether interference needs to be eliminated, the second wireless communication entity is requested to send information to the third wireless communication entity.

6. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, further comprising: The interference cancellation request is received by the first wireless communication entity; as well as The first wireless communication entity requests the second wireless communication entity to send information to the third wireless communication entity based on a signal indicating whether interference needs to be eliminated.

7. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein, The first wireless communication entity can recommend a third message associated with a preferred or non-preferred beam / beam list for communication between the second and third wireless communication entities.

8. The wireless communication method according to claim 7, further comprising: The first wireless communication entity sends the third message to the second wireless communication entity and / or the third wireless communication entity.

9. The wireless communication method according to claim 7, wherein, The third message is associated with the second wireless communication entity and / or the transmit beam and / or receive beam of the third wireless communication entity.

10. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein, The second or third wireless communication entity can request a preferred or non-preferred beam / beam list.

11. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein, The second wireless communication entity or the third wireless communication entity can request information from the one or more sensing units, wherein the information from the one or more sensing units includes at least one of the following: Speed-related parameters; Power-related parameters; Angle-related parameters; Distance-related parameters; Resource-related parameters; Phase information; or Radar cross section information.

12. The wireless communication method according to claim 11, wherein, The second wireless communication entity or the third wireless communication entity sends a fourth message to the first wireless communication entity to make the request.

13. The wireless communication method according to claim 12, wherein, The fourth message includes a Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) or at least one of the PCI lists.

14. The wireless communication method according to claim 12, wherein, The fourth message includes at least one of a waveform or a center frequency.

15. The wireless communication method according to claim 12, further comprising: The first wireless communication entity determines, based on security requirements, whether to send a fifth message in response to the request.

16. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein, The one or more sensing units may include a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS) entity, a target, a reflector, a user equipment (UE), a base station (BS), a roadside unit (RSU), or a positioning reference unit (PRU).

17. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein, The beam configured for communication between the second wireless communication entity and the third wireless communication entity is selected by the first wireless communication entity based on the perception-related auxiliary data.

18. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein, The beam configured for communication between the second wireless communication entity and the third wireless communication entity is selected by the second wireless communication entity or the third wireless communication entity based on the perception-related auxiliary data.

19. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein, The beams configured for communication between the second wireless communication entity and the third wireless communication entity are associated with beams from the second wireless communication entity, the third wireless communication entity, and / or the one or more sensing units.

20. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein, The resources configured for communication between the second wireless communication entity and the third wireless communication entity are selected by the first wireless communication entity based on the perception-related auxiliary data.

21. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein, The transmission power of the resources configured for communication between the second wireless communication entity and the third wireless communication entity is configured by the first wireless communication entity based on the perception-related auxiliary data.

22. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein, The wireless communication entity configured for communication / location / sensing is configured by the first wireless communication entity based on the sensing-related auxiliary data.

23. A wireless communication method, comprising: An environmental map is created based on multiple environmental coefficients, triggered by the first wireless communication entity. The environmental map is included in at least one of the first wireless communication entity, the second wireless communication entity, or the third wireless communication entity; and The communication between any two entities from the first wireless communication entity to the third wireless communication entity includes: auxiliary data, measurement results, and / or capability-related information associated with the plurality of environmental coefficients.

24. The wireless communication method according to claim 23, wherein, Communication between any two entities from the first wireless communication entity to the third wireless communication entity further includes: requests, responses, and / or recommendations associated with the auxiliary data, the measurement results, and / or the capability-related information.

25. The wireless communication method according to claim 24, further comprising: The first wireless communication entity triggers the updating or reconstruction of the environment map.

26. The wireless communication method according to claim 25, wherein, The updating or reconstruction of the environmental map can be dynamic, periodic, or aperiodic.

27. The wireless communication method according to claim 25, wherein, The trigger is associated with a reference signal.

28. The wireless communication method according to claim 24, wherein, The first wireless communication entity requests the second wireless communication entity and / or the third wireless communication entity to update or rebuild the environment map.

29. The wireless communication method according to claim 24, wherein, One or more time-related parameters associated with the environment map include: high-level parameters, physical layer parameters, and time windows.

30. The wireless communication method according to claim 24, wherein, The request, the response, and the recommendation are all associated with timestamps.

31. The wireless communication method according to claim 24, wherein, The environmental map includes multiple environmental maps.

32. The wireless communication method according to claim 31, wherein, The multiple environment maps are associated with their respective priorities.

33. The wireless communication method according to claim 24, wherein, The auxiliary data includes: communication / sensing measurement results, resource allocation configuration, and waveform configuration.

34. A wireless communication method, comprising: The first wireless communication entity, the second wireless communication entity, the third wireless communication entity, and the fourth wireless communication entity exchange multiple messages related to sensing, communication, location, and / or permissions. Wherein, the first wireless communication entity is a sensing-related core network entity, the second wireless communication entity is a location-related core network entity, the third wireless communication entity is a license-related core network entity, and the fourth wireless communication entity is a sensing / communication unit.

35. The wireless communication method according to claim 34, wherein, The messages all include requests, responses, and / or recommendations associated with auxiliary data, measurement results, and / or capability-related information.

36. A wireless communication device, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein, The processor is configured to read code from the memory and implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 35.

37. A computer program product comprising computer-readable program medium code stored thereon, the computer-readable program medium code, when executed by a processor, causing the processor to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 35.

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