Brightness compensation method and device, computer equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a brightness compensation method and device, computer equipment and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: measuring the brightness of a display to obtain first brightness data; shooting the display through a camera device to obtain a to-be-compensated picture, and calculating the brightness of the to-be-compensated picture to obtain second brightness data; and calculating a compensation coefficient according to the second brightness data and the first brightness data, and compensating the second brightness data according to the compensation coefficient. According to the invention, brightness compensation can be carried out on the compensation picture shot by the camera equipment, so that errors caused by a shooting angle can be made up.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of display device technology, and in particular to a brightness compensation method, apparatus, computer equipment, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Brightness uniformity refers to the consistency of brightness across different areas or positions of a monitor screen. In other words, regardless of where the user is looking at the screen, the brightness should be uniform without significant differences. Therefore, brightness uniformity is a crucial indicator for monitors. After manufacturing, monitors undergo brightness uniformity processing to improve this. Currently, a common method is to photograph the monitor screen to obtain brightness data, which is then processed to ensure uniformity. However, the larger the monitor screen size photographed, the greater the impact of the shooting angle on brightness, resulting in significant errors in the obtained brightness data and failing to improve the monitor's brightness uniformity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a brightness compensation method, apparatus, computer device, and storage medium, aiming to solve the problem of errors caused by the shooting angle when current camera devices shoot displays.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a brightness compensation method, the method comprising:

[0005] Measure the brightness of the display to obtain initial brightness data;

[0006] The display is photographed by a camera device to obtain the image to be compensated, and the brightness of the image to be compensated is calculated to obtain second brightness data;

[0007] A compensation coefficient is calculated based on the second brightness data and the first brightness data, and the second brightness data is compensated based on the compensation coefficient.

[0008] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a brightness compensation device, the device comprising:

[0009] The first measurement unit is used to measure the brightness of the display to obtain first brightness data;

[0010] The first calculation unit is used to capture images of the display screen using a camera device to obtain an image to be compensated, and to calculate the brightness of the image to be compensated to obtain second brightness data.

[0011] The first compensation unit is used to calculate a compensation coefficient based on the second brightness data and the first brightness data, and to compensate the second brightness data based on the compensation coefficient.

[0012] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the above-described method.

[0013] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, can implement the above-described method.

[0014] This invention provides a brightness compensation method, apparatus, computer device, and storage medium. The method includes: measuring the brightness of a display to obtain first brightness data; capturing an image of the display to be compensated using a camera, and calculating the brightness of the image to be compensated to obtain second brightness data; calculating a compensation coefficient based on the second brightness data and the first brightness data, and compensating the second brightness data according to the compensation coefficient. This invention can obtain first brightness data by measuring the brightness of the display, then capturing an image of the display to be compensated using a camera, calculating the brightness of the compensated image to obtain second brightness data, and finally calculating a compensation coefficient based on the first and second brightness data, and then compensating the second brightness data using the compensation coefficient, thereby correcting the brightness of the compensated image captured by the camera and eliminating errors caused by the shooting angle. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the brightness compensation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a compensation screen diagram of the brightness compensation method provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic block diagram of the brightness compensation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic block diagram of a computer device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms “comprising” and “including” indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0022] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes such combinations.

[0023] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a brightness compensation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The brightness compensation method of this embodiment can be applied to computer devices for brightness compensation of images captured by camera devices. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes steps S110 to S130.

[0024] S110 measures the brightness of the display to obtain initial brightness data.

[0025] In this embodiment of the invention, measuring the brightness of the display can be done by measuring the current brightness of the display using a tool, such as a luminance meter. Before measurement, the image currently displayed on the display can be preprocessed. For example, the display can be set to display a solid color image, which can be any color such as black, white, or purple, as long as the image color is solid. After preprocessing the display image, the brightness of the display image can be measured using a luminance meter or other measuring tool to obtain first brightness data. It is understood that the first brightness data can include multiple brightness values, each corresponding to the brightness of different areas of the display image. For example, the display image can be divided into multiple areas, and when measuring brightness with a luminance meter, the brightness of each area is measured separately to obtain a brightness value. These multiple brightness values ​​constitute the first brightness data.

[0026] In some embodiments, such as this embodiment, step S110 may include the following steps:

[0027] Control the display to generate a solid color grid image;

[0028] The brightness of each cell in the solid color grid image is calculated to obtain the first brightness data.

[0029] In this embodiment of the invention, before measuring the brightness of the display screen, the display can be controlled to generate a solid color grid screen. A solid color grid screen means that the background of the display screen is a solid color, and multiple grids are generated on the solid color screen. The color of the area where the grid is located is different from the background color of the display screen.

[0030] For example, if the background color of the monitor's display is set to black, the color of the squares on the screen can be white, blue, red, or any other color other than black. Alternatively, if the background color of the monitor's display is set to white, the color of the squares on the screen can be black, blue, red, or any other color other than white.

[0031] After generating a solid-color grid image, the brightness of each grid cell in the solid-color grid image can be measured using methods such as a luminance meter to obtain the first brightness data. For example, a solid-color grid image may include nine grid cells, and the brightness of each of these nine grid cells can be calculated separately to obtain nine brightness values, which constitute the first brightness data.

[0032] In some embodiments, such as this one, the step of controlling the display to generate a solid color grid image may include the following steps:

[0033] Control the display to generate a solid color image;

[0034] Multiple solid-color grids with colors opposite to those of the solid-color image are generated in the solid-color image, and the brightness of each solid-color grid is calculated to obtain the first brightness data.

[0035] In this embodiment of the invention, when generating a solid-color grid image, a solid-color image can be generated first as the background color; for example, a black image can be generated. After generating the solid-color image, multiple solid-color grids with colors opposite to the solid-color image can be generated within it; that is, if the solid-color image is black, then the color of the solid-color grids is white. Then, the brightness of each solid-color grid is calculated to obtain multiple brightness values, and these multiple brightness values ​​constitute the first brightness data.

[0036] by Figure 2 Taking the compensation image shown as an example, the solid color grid image generated by the monitor can be the same as the compensation image. Figure 2 The solid color of the image is black, the solid color of the grid is white, and there are nine solid color grids in total. The brightness values ​​obtained by measuring the nine solid color grids with a luminance meter are shown in Table (1).

[0037] 524.65 531.91 538.92 544.44 557.75 536.67 537.09 544.88 548.42 (1)

[0039] As shown in Table (1), the nine brightness values ​​in Table (1) correspond to nine solid color grids. It is understood that in actual operation, the number of grids contained in a solid color grid image can be hundreds or thousands. The above nine solid color grids are only used as examples.

[0040] In some embodiments, such as this one, after the step of calculating the brightness of each of the solid-color squares to obtain the first brightness data, the following step may also be included:

[0041] Confirm the position and area information of each grid cell.

[0042] After generating solid-color lattices, their position and area information can be confirmed, as shown in Table (2).

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] Table (2)

[0046] As shown in Table (2), Table (2) contains the coordinates and areas of nine solid-color grids. It is understood that the area of ​​each solid-color grid can be equal or unequal; a preferred embodiment is to set the area of ​​each solid-color grid to be the same. After obtaining the position information of each solid-color grid, the display can be controlled to generate a solid-color image, and a compensation image can be generated by capturing the solid-color image with a camera device. Then, based on the position and area information of the nine grids, nine regions are generated on the compensation image, with each region corresponding to one solid-color grid. Finally, the brightness of each region on the compensation image is calculated to obtain the second brightness data.

[0047] S120: The display is photographed by a camera device to obtain the image to be compensated, and the brightness of the image to be compensated is calculated to obtain second brightness data.

[0048] In this embodiment of the invention, after obtaining the first brightness data, a compensated image can be obtained by capturing a picture of the display screen using a camera device. Then, the brightness of the compensated image is calculated to obtain the second brightness data. It is understood that the first brightness data is the brightness data of the display screen, measured by a brightness meter, and the second brightness data is the brightness data of the compensated image, which is captured by the camera device.

[0049] In some embodiments, such as this one, the step of capturing images of the display to obtain a screen to be compensated using a camera device and calculating the brightness of the screen to be compensated to obtain second brightness data may include the following steps:

[0050] The image to be compensated is obtained by capturing the solid color grid image using the camera device.

[0051] The brightness of each solid color cell in the image to be compensated is calculated to obtain the second brightness data.

[0052] In this embodiment of the invention, a solid color grid image may include a solid color image and multiple solid color grids, such as the aforementioned nine solid color grids. The compensation image captured by the camera device also includes a solid color image and nine solid color grids. Then, the brightness of each solid color grid in the compensation image is calculated to obtain multiple brightness values. The multiple brightness values ​​constitute the second brightness data, as shown in Table (3).

[0053] 450.95 477.67 492.41 494.29 496.43 487.05 506.45 514.71 519.5

[0054] Table (3)

[0055] Table (3) shows the brightness values ​​of the nine solid color grids in the compensated image.

[0056] S130, calculate the compensation coefficient based on the second brightness data and the first brightness data, and compensate the second brightness data based on the compensation coefficient.

[0057] In this embodiment of the invention, after obtaining the first brightness data and the second brightness data, a compensation coefficient can be calculated based on the second brightness data and the first brightness data, and then the second brightness data can be compensated based on the compensation coefficient.

[0058] In some embodiments, such as this embodiment, the step of calculating the compensation coefficient based on the second brightness data and the first brightness data may include the following steps:

[0059] Obtain the brightness value of each cell in the first brightness data to obtain a first brightness value, and obtain the brightness value of each partition in the second brightness data to obtain a second brightness value;

[0060] Each of the first brightness values ​​is divided by its corresponding second brightness value to obtain a plurality of compensation coefficients, wherein one of the partitions corresponds to one compensation coefficient.

[0061] In this embodiment of the invention, as shown in Tables (1) and (3), taking the brightness data of the first solid color grid as an example, the brightness value of the first solid color grid in the solid color grid image is 524.65, and the brightness value of the first solid color grid in the compensated image is 450.95. Dividing 524.65 by 450.95 yields 1.1634, which is the compensation coefficient of the first solid color grid in the compensated image. Repeating the above process, the compensation coefficient of each grid can be obtained, as shown in Table (4).

[0062] 1.1634 1.1135 1.0944 1.1015 1.1235 1.1019 1.0605 1.0586 1.0557

[0063] Table (4)

[0064] As shown in Table (4), the compensation coefficient for the first solid color grid is 1.1634, the compensation coefficient for the second solid color grid is 1.1135, and so on. The compensation coefficient for the ninth solid color grid is 1.0557. After obtaining the compensation coefficients for all solid color grids, the compensation coefficient for the solid color image can be calculated, such as... Figure 2 As shown, after obtaining the compensation coefficients for the nine solid-color lattices, the bilinear interpolation method can be used to calculate... Figure 2 The compensation coefficient for the black area in the image is calculated, thus obtaining the compensation coefficient for all areas in the compensated image. This is understandable. Figure 2 The example shown only depicts a solid color image containing nine solid color squares. In reality, a solid color image can contain hundreds or even thousands of solid color squares. The more solid color squares there are, the smaller the background area becomes.

[0065] In some embodiments, such as this embodiment, the step of compensating the second brightness data according to the compensation coefficient may include the following steps:

[0066] Each brightness value in the second brightness data is multiplied by its corresponding compensation coefficient to compensate the second brightness data.

[0067] In this embodiment of the invention, as shown in Table (4), the compensation coefficient of the first solid color grid is 1.1634. As shown in Table (3), the brightness value of the first solid color grid in the compensation image is 450.95. Therefore, 450.95 can be multiplied by 1.1634 to get 524.65. That is, the brightness value of the first solid color grid in the compensation image can be compensated to be consistent with the brightness value of the first solid color grid in the solid color grid image, thereby realizing the brightness compensation.

[0068] In practical applications, multiple compensation coefficients can be compiled into a compensation coefficient table. This compensation coefficient table can be imported into the camera device. When the device is shooting, it will automatically compensate the image according to the compensation coefficient table, thereby ensuring that the brightness value of the compensated image is consistent with the brightness value of the display image. This makes it convenient to perform brightness compensation on the display based on the compensated image captured by the camera device.

[0069] Additionally, when performing brightness compensation on a monitor, the display screen can be divided into N*M display areas, and the brightness value of each display area can be calculated. The display area with the lowest brightness value among these areas is then designated as the target area, and its brightness value is set as the target brightness value. The grayscale value corresponding to this target brightness value is then determined using methods such as looking up a table. Based on this grayscale value, the compensation value for each of the remaining display areas is determined. Finally, based on the compensation value, the brightness of each display area is adjusted to match the target brightness, thereby improving the monitor's brightness consistency.

[0070] Figure 3 This is a schematic block diagram of a brightness compensation device 100 provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, corresponding to the above brightness compensation method, the present invention also provides a brightness compensation device 100. This brightness compensation device 100 includes a unit for performing the above-described brightness compensation method. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 3 The brightness compensation device 100 includes a first measurement unit 110, a first calculation unit 120, and a first compensation unit 130.

[0071] The first measuring unit 110 is used to measure the brightness of the display to obtain first brightness data;

[0072] The first calculation unit 120 is used to capture images of the display screen using a camera device to obtain an image to be compensated, and to calculate the brightness of the image to be compensated to obtain second brightness data.

[0073] The first compensation unit 130 is used to calculate a compensation coefficient based on the second brightness data and the first brightness data, and to compensate the second brightness data based on the compensation coefficient.

[0074] In some embodiments, such as this one, the first measurement unit 110 further includes a first generation unit, a second calculation unit, and a first confirmation unit.

[0075] The first generating unit is used to control the display to generate a solid color grid image;

[0076] The second calculation unit is used to calculate the brightness of each grid in the solid color grid image to obtain the first brightness data;

[0077] The first confirmation unit is used to confirm the position and area information of each of the grid cells.

[0078] In some embodiments, such as this embodiment, the first generation unit further includes a second generation unit and a third generation unit.

[0079] The second generation unit is used to control the display to generate a solid color image;

[0080] The third generation unit is used to generate multiple solid-color grids with colors opposite to those of the solid-color image in the solid-color image, and to calculate the brightness of each solid-color grid to obtain the first brightness data.

[0081] In some embodiments, such as this one, the first computing unit 120 further includes a fourth generation unit, a fifth generation unit, and a third computing unit.

[0082] The fourth generation unit is used to capture the solid color grid image through the camera device to obtain the image to be compensated.

[0083] The third calculation unit is used to calculate the brightness of each solid color cell in the image to be compensated to obtain the second brightness data.

[0084] In some embodiments, such as this one, the first compensation unit 130 further includes a first acquisition unit and a fourth calculation unit.

[0085] The first acquisition unit is used to acquire the brightness value of each cell in the first brightness data to obtain a first brightness value, and to acquire the brightness value of each partition in the second brightness data to obtain a second brightness value.

[0086] The fourth calculation unit is used to divide each of the first brightness values ​​by its corresponding second brightness value to obtain a plurality of compensation coefficients, wherein one partition corresponds to one compensation coefficient.

[0087] In some embodiments, such as this one, the first compensation unit 130 further includes a fifth calculation unit.

[0088] The fifth calculation unit is used to multiply each brightness value in the second brightness data by its corresponding compensation coefficient to compensate the second brightness data.

[0089] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the specific implementation process of the above-mentioned brightness compensation device and each unit can be referred to the corresponding description in the foregoing method embodiments. For the sake of convenience and brevity, it will not be repeated here.

[0090] The aforementioned brightness compensation device can be implemented as a computer program, which can, for example... Figure 4 It runs on the computer device shown.

[0091] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic block diagram of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this application. The computer device 500 includes a processor 502, a memory, and an interface 507 connected via a system bus 501, wherein the memory may include a non-volatile storage medium 503 and internal memory 504.

[0092] The non-volatile storage medium 503 may store an operating system 5031 and a computer program 5032. When the computer program 5032 is executed, it causes the processor 502 to perform a brightness compensation method.

[0093] The processor 502 provides computing and control capabilities to support the operation of the entire computer device 500.

[0094] The internal memory 504 provides an environment for the operation of the computer program 5032 in the non-volatile storage medium 503. When the computer program 5032 is executed by the processor 502, the processor 502 can perform a brightness compensation method.

[0095] This interface 505 is used for communication with other devices. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 4 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device 500 to which the present application is applied. The specific computer device 500 may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0096] It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the processor 502 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or it may be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (FSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), off-the-shelf programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0097] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program may be stored in a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium. The computer program is executed by at least one processor in the computer system to implement the process steps of the embodiments of the above methods.

[0098] Therefore, the present invention also provides a storage medium. This storage medium can be a computer-readable storage medium. The storage medium stores a computer program. When executed by a processor, the computer program implements any embodiment of the brightness compensation method described above.

[0099] The storage medium can be any computer-readable storage medium capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, portable hard drive, read-only memory (ROM), magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0100] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0101] In the several embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of each unit is merely a logical functional division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed.

[0102] The steps in the method of this invention can be adjusted, merged, or reduced in order according to actual needs. The units in the device of this invention can be merged, divided, or reduced according to actual needs. Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0103] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0104] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0105] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Since these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

[0106] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A brightness compensation method, characterized in that, The method includes: Measure the brightness of the display to obtain initial brightness data; The display is photographed by a camera device to obtain the image to be compensated, and the brightness of the image to be compensated is calculated to obtain second brightness data; A compensation coefficient is calculated based on the second brightness data and the first brightness data, and the second brightness data is compensated based on the compensation coefficient.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of measuring the brightness of the display to obtain first brightness data includes: Control the display to generate a solid color grid image; The brightness of each cell in the solid color grid image is calculated to obtain the first brightness data.

3. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The step of controlling the display to generate a solid color grid image includes: Control the display to generate a solid color image; Multiple solid-color grids with colors opposite to those of the solid-color image are generated in the solid-color image, and the brightness of each solid-color grid is calculated to obtain the first brightness data.

4. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, After the step of calculating the brightness of each of the solid-color grids to obtain the first brightness data, the method further includes: Confirm the position and area information of each grid cell.

5. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The step of capturing images of the display screen using a camera device to obtain the image to be compensated, and calculating the brightness of the image to be compensated to obtain second brightness data, includes: The image to be compensated is obtained by capturing the solid color grid image using the camera device. The brightness of each solid color cell in the image to be compensated is calculated to obtain the second brightness data.

6. The method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The step of calculating the compensation coefficient based on the second brightness data and the first brightness data includes: Obtain the brightness value of each cell in the first brightness data to obtain a first brightness value, and obtain the brightness value of each partition in the second brightness data to obtain a second brightness value; Each of the first brightness values ​​is divided by its corresponding second brightness value to obtain a plurality of compensation coefficients, wherein one of the partitions corresponds to one compensation coefficient.

7. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of compensating the second brightness data according to the compensation coefficient includes: Each brightness value in the second brightness data is multiplied by its corresponding compensation coefficient to compensate the second brightness data.

8. A brightness compensation device, characterized in that, The device includes: The first measurement unit is used to measure the brightness of the display to obtain first brightness data; The first calculation unit is used to capture images of the display screen using a camera device to obtain an image to be compensated, and to calculate the brightness of the image to be compensated to obtain second brightness data. The first compensation unit is used to calculate a compensation coefficient based on the second brightness data and the first brightness data, and to compensate the second brightness data based on the compensation coefficient.

9. A computer device, characterized in that, The computer device includes a memory and a processor connected to the memory; the memory is used to store a computer program; the processor is used to run the computer program stored in the memory to perform the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, can implement the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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