Tubular heat exchanger and its use in biopharmaceuticals

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of heat exchanger technology, specifically a tubular heat exchanger and its application in biopharmaceuticals, comprising: an outer shell, wherein multiple sets of heat exchange tubes and guide plates are disposed within the outer shell, the heat exchange tubes being perpendicular to the sides of the guide plates, and a notch for fluid movement being formed between the guide plates and the inner wall of the outer shell; pressure relief holes, multiple sets of which are disposed on the guide plates, the pressure relief holes enabling conduction on both sides of the guide plates; and an extension plate slidably connected to the guide plates, wherein when the extension plate moves toward the notch and reduces the conduction area of ​​the notch, the pressure relief holes are opened, preventing the dead zone behind the guide plates from persisting for a long time and causing fouling to worsen, thus affecting heat exchange efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat exchanger technology, specifically a tubular heat exchanger and its application in biopharmaceuticals. Background Technology

[0002] In biopharmaceutical manufacturing, tubular heat exchangers are widely used in key processes such as cooling water for injection, heating culture media, controlling fermenter temperature, and precisely controlling the temperature of highly active feed solutions. These applications place extremely stringent requirements on the cleanliness, washability, and operational stability of the heat exchangers.

[0003] In tubular heat exchangers, the baffle plate is one of the key components for achieving efficient heat exchange of the shell-side fluid. A well-arranged baffle plate can extend the residence time of the fluid within the heat exchanger, enhancing heat exchange between the fluid and the heat exchange tubes. However, the baffle plate design also introduces inherent drawbacks: on the back side of the baffle plate, due to flow separation, a low-speed vortex region, the so-called "dead zone," is formed. While not completely still, the fluid within this dead zone has an extremely low velocity, primarily exhibiting slow vortex motion. Under continuous heating conditions, impurities in this region easily deposit and gradually form scale on the surface of the heat exchange tubes, leading to increased local thermal resistance, decreased heat exchange efficiency, and in severe cases, even under-deposit corrosion, affecting the safe operation and service life of the equipment.

[0004] To eliminate or reduce the adverse effects of dead zones, various improvement schemes have been proposed in the prior art. One common approach is to replace the traditional bow-shaped guide vane with an arc-shaped guide vane. The arc-shaped guide vane, by changing the flow channel shape, guides the fluid more smoothly around the edge of the guide vane, thereby compressing the dead zone to some extent. However, this type of structure still cannot completely eliminate the dead zone, especially in the area near the inner wall of the casing where the arc-shaped guide vane remains. Due to structural limitations, a certain width of low-speed flow region is still retained; the dead zone is only reduced, not eliminated. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tubular heat exchanger and its application in biopharmaceuticals, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A tubular heat exchanger includes: an outer shell, in which multiple sets of heat exchange tubes and guide plates are disposed, the heat exchange tubes being perpendicular to the sides of the guide plates, and a notch for fluid movement being formed between the guide plates and the inner wall of the outer shell;

[0008] Multiple sets of pressure relief holes are provided and opened on the guide plate, and the pressure relief holes enable the two sides of the guide plate to be connected.

[0009] An extension plate is slidably connected to the guide plate. When the extension plate moves toward the notch and the conduction area of ​​the notch decreases, the pressure relief hole becomes open.

[0010] As described above, in a tubular heat exchanger: the extension plate is slidably mounted in a recess formed on the guide plate, and a protrusion is provided on the side wall of the recess, which can slide within a sliding connection formed on the extension plate;

[0011] The extension plate passes through the outer shell and is slidably connected to the outer shell in a sealed manner. The extension plate is provided with an extension portion, which is connected to a drive structure provided on the outer shell.

[0012] As described above, the tubular heat exchanger includes an electromagnetic adsorption device fixedly mounted on the outer shell and a magnetic adsorption part mounted on the extension. When the electromagnetic adsorption device is energized, it can attract the magnetic adsorption part.

[0013] The drive structure also includes an energy storage kit disposed on the housing and connected to the extension.

[0014] As described above, the tubular heat exchanger includes a hysteresis sleeve fixedly mounted on the outer shell and a telescopic shaft slidably mounted inside the hysteresis sleeve. A cylindrical spring is provided inside the hysteresis sleeve, with one end of the cylindrical spring connected to the inner wall of the hysteresis sleeve and the other end connected to the telescopic shaft.

[0015] As described above, in the tubular heat exchanger: the extension plate is provided with multiple sets of through holes adapted to the pressure relief hole; when the through holes coincide with the pressure relief hole, the pressure relief hole is open.

[0016] The pressure relief hole is provided with multiple sets of spiral channels with spirals in the same direction.

[0017] The tubular heat exchanger described above also includes:

[0018] A cylindrical shell is connected to the outer shell, and a filter component is provided inside the cylindrical shell, the filter component and the cylindrical shell forming an annular cavity;

[0019] The sealing plate is fixedly connected to the cylindrical shell, and the sealing plate is slidably fitted to the inside of the filter component;

[0020] A jetting structure is provided on the cylindrical housing, and the jetting structure can act on the area of ​​the filter element covered by the sealing plate.

[0021] As described above, in a tubular heat exchanger: the filter component includes a drive device fixedly mounted on the cylindrical shell, the output shaft of the drive device passing through the cylindrical shell and connected to a filter screen, and the lower end of the filter screen being slidably and sealingly connected to the lower end of the cylindrical shell;

[0022] The inner wall of the filter screen is slidably connected to the sealing plate, and the filter screen has multiple sets of filter holes arranged equidistantly in a circle.

[0023] The tubular heat exchanger as described above: the cylindrical shell is provided with a liquid inlet and a drain outlet, and the inner wall of the liquid inlet is tangent to the inner wall of the cylindrical shell;

[0024] The jetting structure includes multiple sets of high-pressure nozzles fixedly installed on the cylindrical housing. The high-pressure nozzles are inclined downwards, and the fluid ejected through the high-pressure nozzles can act tangentially on the side of the filter screen.

[0025] An application of the tubular heat exchanger as described above in biopharmaceuticals.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] By setting up guide plates, extension plates and pressure relief holes, after the dead zone is formed, the stagnant fluid in the dead zone is actively replaced by flowing fluid through pressure accumulation and directional release. This not only effectively inhibits the formation of scale, but also expands the cleaning range through the entrainment effect of the spiral fluid column. It also transforms the dead zone from a heat transfer "blind zone" in the traditional sense into a heat exchange area that can be periodically activated, thus achieving self-sustaining heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger during long-term operation.

[0028] By using the drive structure and the combination of electromagnetic force and spring force, the extension plate can be extended and reset as needed. This effectively removes the stagnant fluid in the dead zone, maintains the stability of the shell-side flow field, avoids pressure fluctuations and fluid impacts caused by sudden changes in the flow channel, and improves the operational reliability of the heat exchanger during dynamic control.

[0029] By designing filter components, sealing plates, and a jetting structure, the jetting structure can act on the area of ​​the filter component that is blocked by the sealing plate, allowing large particles of impurities to be better separated from the filter component. During the separation process, large particles of impurities gradually move downwards through multiple "desorption-reattachment-redesorption" processes and are eventually driven to the bottom of the cylindrical shell, effectively avoiding the decline in filtration performance caused by long-term adhesion of impurities on the filter pores. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a tubular heat exchanger.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the outer shell of a tubular heat exchanger.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide plate and extension plate in a tubular heat exchanger.

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the flow guide plate and extension plate in a tubular heat exchanger from another angle.

[0035] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the structure of the guide plate and extension plate in a tubular heat exchanger.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tubular heat exchanger when the extension plate moves toward the notch.

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral channel in a tubular heat exchanger.

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cylindrical shell, filter components, and jetting structure in a tubular heat exchanger.

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter screen and sealing plate in a tubular heat exchanger.

[0040] In the diagram: 1. Outer shell; 2. Heat exchange tube; 3. Guide plate; 301. Recess; 302. Protrusion; 4. Pressure relief hole; 401. Spiral channel; 5. Extension plate; 501. Through hole; 502. Sliding connection; 503. Extension; 6. Hysteresis sleeve; 7. Cylindrical spring; 8. Telescopic shaft; 9. Electromagnetic adsorption device; 901. Magnetic adsorption part; 10. Cylindrical shell; 1001. Liquid inlet; 1002. Sewage outlet; 11. Drive device; 12. Filter screen; 1201. Filter hole; 13. Sealing plate; 14. High-pressure nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0042] Please see Figures 1-10 As an embodiment of the present invention, the tubular heat exchanger includes: an outer shell 1, a pressure relief hole 4, and an extension plate 5.

[0043] The outer casing 1 is provided with multiple sets of heat exchange pipes 2 and guide plates 3. The heat exchange pipes 2 are perpendicular to the sides of the guide plates 3, and a notch for fluid movement is formed between the guide plates 3 and the inner wall of the outer casing 1.

[0044] In this embodiment, a tube-side fluid inlet and a tube-side fluid outlet are respectively provided at both ends of the outer casing 1. The tube-side fluid enters the heat exchange tube 2 through the tube-side fluid inlet, flows through the heat exchange tube 2, and then flows out through the tube-side fluid outlet. Two sets of fluid channels are provided on the side of the outer casing 1. The shell-side fluid enters the outer casing 1 through one set of fluid channels, contacts the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 2, and exchanges heat to achieve heat transfer. It then flows out through the other set of fluid channels. The tube-side fluid and the shell-side fluid maintain synchronous and continuous flow within the outer casing 1, thereby achieving a continuous and stable heat exchange process.

[0045] Multiple sets of guide vanes 3 are axially spaced inside the outer casing 1, with the gaps between adjacent sets of guide vanes 3 and the outer casing 1 staggered. Specifically, when the gap between one set of guide vanes 3 and the outer casing 1 is located at the bottom or left side of the outer casing 1, the gap between the adjacent set of guide vanes 3 and the outer casing 1 is located at the top or right side of the outer casing 1. When the shell-side fluid flows through the staggered guide vanes 3, it is affected by the alternating gap positions, forming a directional flow between adjacent guide vanes 3, resulting in a serpentine flow path. This serpentine flow path effectively prolongs the residence time of the shell-side fluid inside the outer casing 1, allowing the shell-side fluid to exchange heat more fully with the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 2, thereby improving the overall heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger.

[0046] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figures 6-8 The extension plate 5 is slidably connected to the guide plate 3. When the extension plate 5 moves toward the notch and the conduction area of ​​the notch decreases, the pressure relief hole 4 is open. Specifically, the extension plate 5 is slidably installed in the recess 301 formed on the guide plate 3. A protrusion 302 is provided on the side wall of the recess 301. The protrusion 302 can slide in the sliding connection portion 502 formed on the extension plate 5.

[0047] The extension plate 5 is provided with a plurality of through holes 501 adapted to the pressure relief hole 4. When the through holes 501 coincide with the pressure relief hole 4, the pressure relief hole 4 is connected.

[0048] Multiple sets of pressure relief holes 4 are provided and opened on the guide plate 3. The pressure relief holes 4 enable the two sides of the guide plate 3 to be connected. Multiple sets of spiral channels 401 with the same direction are provided in the pressure relief holes 4. The pressure relief holes 4 are arranged on the diagonal intersection line of four adjacent heat exchange tubes 2.

[0049] In this embodiment, the extension plate 5 is initially flush with the end of the guide plate 3, and the pressure relief hole 4 is blocked. At this time, the shell-side fluid flows stably in the outer shell 1 according to the preset path. The blocking of the pressure relief hole 4 prevents the shell-side fluid from directly passing through the guide plate 3 and forming a flow short circuit, thereby ensuring that the shell-side fluid has sufficient residence time and flow path in the outer shell 1, ensuring heat exchange efficiency.

[0050] When the tubular fluid flows along a predetermined path and forms a dead zone on the back side of the guide plate 3, if the duration of the dead zone reaches a set threshold, the extension plate 5 is driven to extend outward towards the end of the guide plate 3, reducing the area of ​​the gap between the guide plate 3 and the outer casing 1. As the shell-side fluid flows through this gap, the flow resistance increases, and the shell-side fluid pressure upstream of the guide plate 3 rises accordingly. In this state, the through hole 501 coincides with the pressure relief hole 4, and the pressure relief hole 4 switches to the open state. The pressurized shell-side fluid on the upstream side is directly injected into the dead zone on the back side of the guide plate 3 through the pressure relief hole 4, impacting the stagnant fluid within the dead zone with a certain pressure.

[0051] The impact can quickly displace the low-velocity fluid that has been stagnant in the dead zone, disrupting the slow-circulating vortex structure within the dead zone and preventing impurities in the fluid from forming scale on the surface of heat exchange tube 2 due to prolonged retention. Simultaneously, because the fluid in the dead zone is forcibly replaced, impurities that were originally in a low-speed circulation state are promptly discharged, blocking the conditions for scale growth and effectively reducing the risk of scaling on the surface of heat exchange tube 2.

[0052] Furthermore, after the pressurized fluid injected through the pressure relief hole 4 enters the spiral channel 401, it forms multiple spiral fluid columns as it flows into the dead zone. The pressure relief hole 4 is located on the diagonal intersection line of the four adjacent heat exchange tubes 2. After the spiral fluid columns are injected into the dead zone, they will have a suction and entrainment effect on the shell-side fluid in the gap between the adjacent heat exchange tubes 2, entraining and discharging the fluid that might have been retained in the gap between the tubes, thus expanding the cleaning range and achieving overall purification of the dead zone and the surrounding area.

[0053] It should be noted that the above cleaning process aims to forcibly remove the shell-side fluid that has been stagnant in the dead zone for a long time. The space that is discharged is promptly replenished by the shell-side fluid that is in a flowing state, thereby completing the complete replacement of the dead zone fluid and restoring the effective convective heat transfer capacity of the dead zone area that originally had extremely low heat transfer efficiency.

[0054] Based on the above settings, after the dead zone is formed, the stagnant fluid in the dead zone is actively replaced by flowing fluid through pressure accumulation and directional release. This not only effectively inhibits the formation of scale, but also expands the cleaning range through the entrainment effect of the spiral fluid column. It also transforms the dead zone from a heat transfer "blind zone" in the traditional sense into a heat exchange area that can be periodically activated, thus achieving self-sustaining heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger during long-term operation.

[0055] Please see Figures 4-5 The extension plate 5 penetrates the outer shell 1 and is slidably connected to the outer shell 1 in a sealed manner. The extension plate 5 is provided with an extension portion 503. The extension portion 503 is connected to a driving structure provided on the outer shell 1. The driving structure includes an electromagnetic adsorption device 9 fixedly installed on the outer shell 1 and a magnetic adsorption portion 901 installed on the extension portion 503. When the electromagnetic adsorption device 9 is energized, it can attract the magnetic adsorption portion 901.

[0056] The drive structure also includes an energy storage kit disposed on the outer casing 1 and connected to the extension 503. The energy storage kit includes a hysteresis sleeve 6 fixedly installed on the outer casing 1 and a telescopic shaft 8 slidably installed inside the hysteresis sleeve 6. A cylindrical spring 7 is disposed inside the hysteresis sleeve 6. One end of the cylindrical spring 7 is connected to the inner wall of the hysteresis sleeve 6, and the other end is connected to the telescopic shaft 8.

[0057] In this embodiment, in the initial state, the cylindrical spring 7 is in a compressed state, and the elastic force it provides keeps the extension plate 5 flush with the end of the guide plate 3. At this time, the pressure relief hole 4 is in a blocked state, and the shell-side fluid flows stably along a preset path.

[0058] When the dead zone duration on the back side of the guide plate 3 reaches a set threshold, the electromagnetic adsorption device 9 is energized, generating an adsorption force on the magnetic adsorption part 901. This adsorption force overcomes the elastic force of the cylindrical spring 7, driving the extension plate 5 to extend outwards from the guide plate 3, thus reducing the area of ​​the gap between the guide plate 3 and the outer casing 1. The narrowing of the gap obstructs the flow of the shell-side fluid passing through this area, increasing the shell-side fluid pressure on the upstream side of the guide plate 3 (i.e., the side away from the dead zone), providing driving force for subsequent impact on the dead zone.

[0059] It should also be noted that for the multiple sets of guide plates 3 and their corresponding extension plates 5 arranged axially inside the outer casing 1, each electromagnetic adsorption device 9 adopts a sequential activation control method, so that the dead zones on the back flow side of each guide plate 3 can be eliminated one by one. This timing control avoids the simultaneous activation of the pressure relief holes 4 on all guide plates 3, preventing abrupt changes in the mainstream flow path of the shell-side fluid. At the same time, it also avoids the instantaneous fluid impact caused by the switching of the flow path after all pressure relief holes 4 are blocked, thereby ensuring the stability of the shell-side flow field and the smooth operation of the equipment.

[0060] Based on the above settings, the extension plate 5 is extended and reset as needed by the combination of electromagnetic force and spring force. While effectively removing the stagnant fluid in the dead zone, the stability of the shell-side flow field is maintained, and pressure fluctuations and fluid impacts caused by sudden changes in the flow channel are avoided, thereby improving the operational reliability of the heat exchanger during dynamic control.

[0061] Please see Figure 1 , Figures 9-10 The tubular heat exchanger further includes: a cylindrical shell 10, a sealing plate 13, and a jetting structure.

[0062] The cylindrical shell 10 is connected to the outer shell 1, and a filter component is provided inside the cylindrical shell 10, forming an annular cavity with the filter component and the cylindrical shell 10;

[0063] The filter component includes a drive device 11 fixedly mounted on the cylindrical housing 10. The output shaft of the drive device 11 passes through the cylindrical housing 10 and is connected to a filter screen 12. The lower end of the filter screen 12 is slidably and sealed to the lower end of the cylindrical housing 10. The filter screen 12 has multiple sets of filter holes 1201 arranged circumferentially at equal intervals.

[0064] In this embodiment, a filter screen 12 is provided inside the cylindrical shell 10, forming an annular cavity between the cylindrical shell 10 and the filter screen 12. After the shell-side fluid enters the cylindrical shell 10, it first flows into the annular cavity, then passes through the filter holes 1201 on the filter screen 12 and enters the interior of the filter screen 12, and finally flows out from the interior of the filter screen 12 and into the outer shell 1. During the process of the shell-side fluid passing through the filter holes 1201, large particulate impurities in the fluid are trapped on the outer wall surface of the filter screen 12 and cannot enter the interior of the outer shell 1 with the fluid.

[0065] Through the above structure, effective pre-filtration is achieved before the shell-side fluid enters the outer shell 1, intercepting large particulate impurities within the cylindrical shell 10. This prevents impurities from accumulating and settling inside the outer shell 1, which could lead to flow channel blockage or inter-tube deposition. As a result, the flow of the shell-side fluid within the outer shell 1 is unobstructed, reducing the decrease in heat exchange efficiency and the frequency of cleaning and maintenance caused by impurity deposition, and improving the long-term stability and reliability of the heat exchanger.

[0066] Please refer to it again. Figures 1-10 The sealing plate 13 is fixedly connected to the cylindrical shell 10, and the sealing plate 13 is in a sealed sliding fit with the inner wall of the filter screen 12;

[0067] The cylindrical shell 10 is provided with a liquid inlet 1001 and a drain outlet 1002. The inner wall of the liquid inlet 1001 is tangent to the inner wall of the cylindrical shell 10, so that when the shell-side fluid enters the cylindrical shell 10, a rotating liquid flow can be generated in the annular chamber. That is, the shell-side fluid entering the annular chamber can make circular motion. At this time, large particles of impurities in the shell-side fluid can move towards the inner wall of the cylindrical shell 10 under the action of centrifugal force, which to a certain extent avoids large particles of impurities from entering the filtration state and adhering to the filter holes 1201, thus preventing the permeability of the entire filter screen 12 from decreasing.

[0068] The blowing structure is disposed on the cylindrical housing 10. The blowing structure can act on the area of ​​the filter component covered by the sealing plate 13. The blowing structure includes multiple sets of high-pressure nozzles 14 fixedly installed on the cylindrical housing 10. The high-pressure nozzles 14 are inclined downwards, and the fluid sprayed through the high-pressure nozzles 14 can act tangentially on the side of the filter screen 12.

[0069] In this embodiment, when the shell-side fluid enters the annular chamber, it is driven by a predetermined pressure to move towards the filter screen 12. When the filtered large particles of impurities separate from the filter screen 12, they not only need to overcome this pressure, but also need to overcome the fluid resistance brought about by the subsequent shell-side fluid moving towards the corresponding filter holes 1201. In this embodiment, the blocking plate 13 can block some of the filter holes 1201 on the filter screen 12. At this time, the shell-side fluid will not move towards these filter holes 1201. In this state, firstly, the rotating liquid flow generated by the shell-side fluid entering the annular chamber can act on the filter holes 1201 that are blocked by the blocking plate 13, thereby carrying away these impurities to a certain extent. Secondly, in this state, the high-pressure nozzle 14 will also generate a high-speed jet and act on the area of ​​the filter screen 12 that is blocked by the blocking plate 13, further improving the separation effect of large particles of impurities from the corresponding filter holes 1201.

[0070] The high-pressure nozzle 14 is angled downwards, and the high-pressure jet it generates acts on the filter screen 12, forming a spiral downward trajectory with the separated large particles. Although some impurities may re-adhere to the filter holes 1201 during this spiral downward movement due to the influence of the shell-side fluid, as the drive device 11 drives the filter screen 12 to rotate continuously, these re-adheded impurities will re-enter the working area of ​​the high-pressure nozzle 14 and be impacted by a new round of high-pressure jet. This process repeats, and the large particles gradually move downwards in multiple "desorption-reattachment-redesorption" processes, eventually being driven to the bottom of the cylindrical shell 10, effectively avoiding the decline in filtration performance caused by long-term adhesion of impurities to the filter holes 1201.

[0071] Furthermore, after the above-mentioned filtration action has continued for a certain period of time, the drain port 1002 can be manually opened. At this time, under the drive of the shell-side fluid, large particulate impurities can be discharged from the drain port 1002.

[0072] Furthermore, the aforementioned filtration action aims to remove large particulate impurities from the shell-side fluid, while allowing small particulate impurities to enter the outer shell 1. By cleaning the dead zone, it is possible to prevent small particulate impurities from forming scale on the heat exchange tube 2 to a certain extent. However, scaling on the heat exchange tube 2 is unavoidable, so it is still necessary to clean the outer shell 1 and the heat exchange tube 2 regularly. Compared with the tubular heat exchangers in the prior art, the structural design in this application can effectively extend its working time and the cleaning interval.

[0073] An application of the tubular heat exchanger as described above in biopharmaceuticals.

[0074] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0075] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A tube heat exchanger comprising: The outer casing contains multiple sets of heat exchange tubes and guide plates. The heat exchange tubes are perpendicular to the sides of the guide plates, and a notch for fluid movement is formed between the guide plates and the inner wall of the outer casing. Its characteristic is that it further includes: Multiple sets of pressure relief holes are provided and opened on the guide plate, and the pressure relief holes enable the two sides of the guide plate to be connected. An extension plate is slidably connected to the guide plate. When the extension plate moves toward the notch and the conduction area of ​​the notch decreases, the pressure relief hole becomes open. The extension plate is slidably mounted in a recess formed on the guide plate, and a protrusion is provided on the side wall of the recess, which can slide within a sliding connection formed on the extension plate; The extension plate passes through the outer shell and is slidably connected to the outer shell in a sealed manner. The extension plate is provided with an extension portion, which is connected to a drive structure provided on the outer shell. The extension plate is provided with multiple sets of through holes adapted to the pressure relief hole. When the through holes coincide with the pressure relief hole, the pressure relief hole is connected. The pressure relief hole is provided with multiple sets of spiral channels with spirals in the same direction.

2. A tubular heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterised in that The driving structure includes an electromagnetic adsorption device fixedly installed on the outer shell and a magnetic adsorption part installed on the extension. When the electromagnetic adsorption device is energized, it can attract the magnetic adsorption part. The drive structure also includes an energy storage kit disposed on the housing and connected to the extension.

3. A tubular heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterised in that The energy storage kit includes a hysteresis sleeve fixedly installed on the outer shell and a telescopic shaft slidably installed inside the hysteresis sleeve. A cylindrical spring is provided inside the hysteresis sleeve, with one end of the cylindrical spring connected to the inner wall of the hysteresis sleeve and the other end connected to the telescopic shaft.

4. A tubular heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein Also includes: A cylindrical shell is connected to the outer shell, and a filter component is provided inside the cylindrical shell, the filter component and the cylindrical shell forming an annular cavity; The sealing plate is fixedly connected to the cylindrical shell, and the sealing plate is slidably fitted to the inside of the filter component; A jetting structure is provided on the cylindrical housing, and the jetting structure can act on the area of ​​the filter element covered by the sealing plate.

5. A tubular heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterised in that The filter component includes a drive device fixedly mounted on the cylindrical housing. The output shaft of the drive device passes through the cylindrical housing and is connected to a filter screen. The lower end of the filter screen is slidably and sealed to the lower end of the cylindrical housing. The inner wall of the filter screen is slidably connected to the sealing plate, and the filter screen has multiple sets of filter holes arranged equidistantly in a circle.

6. A tubular heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterised in that The cylindrical shell is provided with a liquid inlet and a drain outlet, and the inner wall of the liquid inlet is tangent to the inner wall of the cylindrical shell. The jetting structure includes multiple sets of high-pressure nozzles fixedly installed on the cylindrical housing. The high-pressure nozzles are inclined downwards, and the fluid ejected through the high-pressure nozzles can act tangentially on the side of the filter screen.

7. The application of a tubular heat exchanger as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 in biopharmaceuticals.

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