Energy storage cabinet and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy storage cabinet and a control method thereof, a cabinet body is internally provided with a first air duct, a second air duct and a mounting cavity, an air inlet of the cabinet body is communicated with the mounting cavity through the first air duct and the second air duct, and the mounting cavity is communicated with an exhaust outlet of the cabinet body; the energy storage module is arranged in the mounting cavity, the phase change module is arranged in the first air duct, at least part of the fresh air assembly is arranged in the second air duct, and the exhaust assembly is located on an airflow path of the mounting cavity and the exhaust outlet; when the fresh air assembly and the exhaust assembly are both in the open state, airflow entering from the air inlet sequentially passes through the second air duct, the mounting cavity and the exhaust outlet to be exhausted. When the exhaust assembly is in the open state and the fresh air assembly is in the closed state, airflow entering from the air inlet sequentially passes through the first air duct, the mounting cavity and the exhaust outlet to be exhausted. And when the exhaust assembly is in the closed state and the fresh air assembly is in the open state, entering airflow circulates among the second air duct, the mounting cavity and the first air duct.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage equipment technology, and in particular to an energy storage cabinet and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of new energy technologies, energy storage cabinets, as core equipment for energy storage and dispatch, are widely used in scenarios such as home energy storage, industrial energy storage, and grid energy storage. Energy storage cabinets typically integrate a large number of energy storage batteries, which continuously generate heat during charging and discharging. If this heat cannot be dissipated in time, the battery temperature will rise, not only reducing the charging and discharging efficiency of the batteries but also potentially causing safety hazards such as battery bulging and fires, seriously affecting the operational stability and lifespan of the energy storage cabinet.

[0003] In related technologies, energy storage cabinets typically rely on either single-mode ventilation (fresh air cooling) or air conditioning for heat dissipation. Fresh air cooling depends on ambient temperature, and its effectiveness decreases significantly at higher temperatures. Air conditioning, on the other hand, requires prolonged compressor operation, resulting in high energy consumption. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a solution that can maintain efficient heat dissipation with lower energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application discloses an energy storage cabinet and its control method to solve the problems of poor heat dissipation or high energy consumption in the heat dissipation methods of energy storage cabinets in related technologies.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application is implemented as follows: In a first aspect, embodiments of this application disclose an energy storage cabinet, which includes a cabinet body, an energy storage module, a phase change module, a fresh air component, and an exhaust component; The cabinet is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the interior of the cabinet has a first air duct, a second air duct and an installation cavity. The air inlet is connected to the installation cavity through the first air duct and the second air duct, respectively, and the installation cavity is connected to the air outlet. The energy storage module is located in the mounting cavity, the phase change module is located in the first air duct, at least a portion of the fresh air assembly is located in the second air duct, and the exhaust assembly is located on the airflow path between the mounting cavity and the exhaust port. When both the fresh air assembly and the exhaust assembly are in the open state, the airflow entering through the air inlet sequentially passes through the second air duct, the mounting cavity, and the exhaust port and is discharged; when the exhaust assembly is in the open state and the fresh air assembly is in the closed state, the airflow entering through the air inlet sequentially passes through the first air duct, the mounting cavity, and the exhaust port and is discharged; when the exhaust assembly is in the closed state and the fresh air assembly is in the open state, the incoming airflow circulates between the second air duct, the mounting cavity, and the first air duct.

[0006] Optionally, the phase change module includes multiple sub-modules, which are respectively positioned and installed in the first air duct, and adjacent sub-modules have airflow channels, and the air inlet is connected to the mounting cavity through the airflow channels.

[0007] Optionally, the cabinet is provided with a first partition and a second partition inside. The first partition divides the interior of the cabinet into the mounting cavity and the air duct space. The second partition is located in the air duct space and is set at a preset angle with the first partition to divide the air duct space into the first air duct and the second air duct. The first partition has a plurality of ventilation holes in the area opposite to the first air duct, and the plurality of ventilation holes connect the first air duct and the mounting cavity; the first partition has a first mounting hole in the area opposite to the second air duct, and the first mounting hole connects the second air duct and the mounting cavity, and at least a portion of the fresh air assembly is disposed in the first mounting hole.

[0008] Optionally, a flow equalization plate is provided between the air inlet and the first air duct and the second air duct. The flow equalization plate has multiple mesh holes, and the air inlet is connected to the first air duct and the second air duct through the multiple mesh holes respectively.

[0009] Optionally, the cabinet includes a bottom plate, a top plate, a top cover, and multiple side plates. The bottom plate and the top plate are arranged opposite to each other and connected by the multiple side plates. The top cover is placed on the top plate, and there is a flow space between the top cover and the top plate. The exhaust vent is located on the top cover and extends circumferentially along the top cover; the top plate has a second mounting hole, which connects the mounting cavity and the flow space; at least a portion of the exhaust assembly is located in the second mounting hole, so that the airflow in the mounting cavity is discharged through the exhaust assembly, the flow space and the exhaust vent.

[0010] Optionally, the fresh air assembly and the exhaust assembly have the same structure and both include a fan and a damper. The damper is installed in the internal channel of the fan and is used to control the opening or closing of the internal channel. The fan of the fresh air component is located in the second air duct, and the fan of the exhaust component is located on the airflow path between the mounting cavity and the exhaust port.

[0011] Optionally, the energy storage module includes a mounting frame and multiple energy storage batteries. The mounting frame is positioned inside the cabinet and has multiple stacked mounting positions, on which the multiple energy storage batteries are placed respectively. Temperature sensors are respectively provided on the surface of the energy storage batteries, inside the mounting cavity, and outside the cabinet. The energy storage cabinet also includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the fresh air assembly, the exhaust assembly, and the temperature sensor.

[0012] Secondly, embodiments of this application disclose a control method for an energy storage cabinet, applied to the energy storage cabinet described in the first aspect, the control method comprising: Determine whether the current time is within a preset time period; When the current time is within the preset time period, both the fresh air assembly and the exhaust assembly are controlled to be in the open state, so that the airflow entering from the air inlet is discharged sequentially through the second air duct, the mounting cavity and the exhaust port; Determine whether the ambient temperature is lower than the critical temperature of the phase change module, and if the ambient temperature is lower than the critical temperature, control the energy storage module to be in a charging state. Determine whether the operating temperature of the energy storage module is lower than the upper operating temperature limit; if the operating temperature is not lower than the upper operating temperature limit, control the energy storage module to stop charging. After the energy storage module is fully charged, the exhaust component is turned on and the fresh air component is turned off, so that the airflow entering through the air inlet is discharged sequentially through the first air duct, the mounting cavity and the exhaust port.

[0013] Optionally, after determining whether the current time is within a preset time period, the control method further includes: If the current time is not within the preset time period, determine whether the ambient temperature is lower than the critical temperature of the phase change module. If the ambient temperature is lower than the critical temperature, control the energy storage module to be in a discharge state. Determine whether the operating temperature of the energy storage module is lower than the upper operating temperature limit; When the operating temperature is lower than the upper operating temperature, both the fresh air assembly and the exhaust assembly are kept in the on state. When the operating temperature is not lower than the upper limit operating temperature, the fresh air assembly is controlled to be in the open state and the exhaust assembly is controlled to be in the closed state, so that the incoming airflow circulates between the second air duct, the mounting cavity and the first air duct.

[0014] Optionally, after determining whether the ambient temperature is lower than the critical temperature of the phase change module, the control method further includes: If the ambient temperature is not lower than the critical temperature, determine whether the operating temperature of the energy storage module is lower than the upper operating temperature limit. When the operating temperature is lower than the upper operating temperature, both the fresh air assembly and the exhaust assembly are kept in the on state. When the operating temperature is not lower than the upper limit operating temperature, the fresh air assembly is controlled to be in the open state and the exhaust assembly is controlled to be in the closed state.

[0015] The technical solution adopted in this application can achieve the following technical effects: The energy storage cabinet and its control method disclosed in this application improve upon related technologies. The disclosed energy storage cabinet includes a cabinet body, an energy storage module, a phase change module, a fresh air component, and an exhaust component. When both the fresh air component and the exhaust component are open, the airflow entering through the air inlet can sequentially pass through the second air duct, the mounting cavity, and the exhaust port. When the exhaust component is open and the fresh air component is closed, the airflow entering through the air inlet can sequentially pass through the first air duct, the mounting cavity, and the exhaust port. When the exhaust component is closed and the fresh air component is open, the incoming airflow can circulate between the second air duct, the mounting cavity, and the first air duct. By adopting the above scheme, through different on / off combinations of the fresh air component and the exhaust component, flexible switching between natural ventilation mode, cold storage mode, and phase change cooling mode can be achieved, thereby adapting to the heat dissipation requirements of different ambient temperatures and different energy storage operating conditions. While reducing heat dissipation power consumption, it can effectively improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the energy storage cabinet. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage cabinet disclosed in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the control method for the energy storage cabinet disclosed in the embodiments of this application.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100-Cabinet, 101-Bottom Plate, 102-Top Plate, 103-Top Cover, 104-Side Plate, 110-Air Inlet, 120-Exhaust Outlet, 130-First Air Duct, 140-Second Air Duct, 150-Mounting Cavity, 160-First Partition, 170-Second Partition, 180-Flow Space, 200-Energy Storage Module, 210-Mounting Rack, 220-Energy Storage Battery, 300-Phase Change Module, 310-Sub-Module, 320-Airflow Channel, 400-Fresh Air Component, 410-Fan, 420-Air Valve, 500-Exhaust Air Component, 600-Flow Equalizer, 700-Temperature Sensor, 800-Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and are not limited in number; for example, a first object can be one or more.

[0020] The technical solutions disclosed in the various embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Please refer to Figure 1 This application discloses an energy storage cabinet, which includes a cabinet body 100, an energy storage module 200, a phase change module 300, a fresh air assembly 400, and an exhaust assembly 500. The cabinet body 100 can be a hollow cuboid structure, and it has an air inlet 110 and an exhaust outlet 120. In this embodiment, the air inlet 110 can be located at the bottom of the cabinet body 100, and the exhaust outlet 120 can be located at the top of the cabinet body 100. The interior of the cabinet body 100 has a first air duct 130, a second air duct 140, and a mounting cavity 150. Specifically, the space can be divided by a partition inside the cabinet body 100. The air inlet 110 can be connected to the mounting cavity 150 through the first air duct 130 and the second air duct 140 respectively. The mounting cavity 150 can be connected to the exhaust port 120. The airflow entering the cabinet 100 through the air inlet 110 can be discharged through the first air duct 130 and / or the second air duct 140, the mounting cavity 150 and the exhaust port 120.

[0022] The energy storage module 200 is the core component for storing electrical energy. It can be composed of components such as lithium batteries, lithium iron phosphate batteries, and a battery management system. The energy storage module 200 can be installed within the mounting cavity 150 via bolts, snap-fit ​​connections, or other methods. The phase change module 300 is made of phase change materials (such as paraffin wax, fatty acids, inorganic salt hydrates, etc.). When the phase change material reaches its critical temperature (phase change temperature), it undergoes a phase change, absorbing or releasing heat during this process. This heat can be used to cool or insulate the airflow to achieve temperature regulation. The phase change module 300 can be installed within the first air duct 130 via bolts, snap-fit ​​connections, or other methods.

[0023] The fresh air assembly 400 and the exhaust assembly 500 are used to provide driving force for airflow inside the cabinet 100, and can also be used to control the opening and closing of the air passage. At least a portion of the fresh air assembly 400 is located within the second air duct 140, and the air outlet of the fresh air assembly 400 can face the mounting cavity 150. When the fresh air assembly 400 is in the open state, airflow can flow through the second air duct 140 into the mounting cavity 150; when the fresh air assembly 400 is in the closed state, the air passage of the second air duct 140 is blocked. The exhaust assembly 500 is located on the airflow path between the mounting cavity 150 and the exhaust port 120. When the exhaust assembly 500 is in the open state, it can cause the gas in the mounting cavity 150 to flow towards the exhaust port 120; when the exhaust assembly 500 is in the closed state, the gas inside the cabinet 100 is basically not discharged through the exhaust port 120.

[0024] In this embodiment, the airflow path of the energy storage cabinet may include the following: Firstly, when both the fresh air component 400 and the exhaust component 500 are in the open state, the airflow outside the cabinet 100 enters the cabinet 100 through the air inlet 110. Driven by the fresh air component 400, the airflow flows through the second air duct 140 into the mounting cavity 150. After exchanging heat with the energy storage module 200, the hot airflow is discharged through the exhaust port 120 under the action of the exhaust component 500. This path is suitable for heat dissipation needs when the ambient temperature is low and the heat generation of the energy storage module 200 is small.

[0025] Secondly, with the exhaust assembly 500 in the open state and the fresh air assembly 400 in the closed state, and the second air duct 140 also in the closed state, the airflow outside the cabinet 100 will enter the first air duct 130. When the airflow passes through the phase change module 300, the phase change module 300 will absorb heat from the airflow or release heat into the airflow to achieve airflow cooling or phase change module 300 cold storage. The airflow passing through the first air duct 130 will further enter the mounting cavity 150 and exchange heat with the energy storage module 200. The hot airflow will then be discharged through the exhaust assembly 500 and the exhaust port 120. Taking the phase change module 300 releasing heat into the airflow as an example, this path is suitable for scenarios where the ambient temperature is low and the energy storage module 200 is in standby mode. At this time, the phase change module 300 can store cold through phase change for subsequent heat dissipation. Taking the phase change module 300 absorbing heat from the airflow as an example, the phase change module 300 absorbs heat from the airflow and undergoes a phase change, thereby cooling the airflow. The cooled airflow enters the mounting cavity 150 to exchange heat with the energy storage module 200. The hot airflow is then discharged through the exhaust assembly 500 and the exhaust port 120. This process is applicable to scenarios where the energy storage module 200 needs to dissipate heat quickly.

[0026] Third, when the exhaust component 500 is closed and the fresh air component 400 is open, the airflow entering through the air inlet 110 enters the mounting cavity 150 through the second air duct 140. After exchanging heat with the energy storage module 200, the hot airflow flows back into the first air duct 130 under the negative pressure of the fresh air component 400. After being cooled by the phase change module 300, it re-enters the second air duct 140, forming an internal circulation of "second air duct 140 → mounting cavity 150 → first air duct 130". This path is suitable for scenarios where the ambient temperature is high and the external fresh air cannot meet the heat dissipation requirements.

[0027] As described above, the energy storage cabinet disclosed in this application improves upon related technologies. The disclosed energy storage cabinet includes a cabinet 100, an energy storage module 200, a phase change module 300, a fresh air assembly 400, and an exhaust assembly 500. When both the fresh air assembly 400 and the exhaust assembly 500 are open, the airflow entering through the air inlet 110 can be discharged sequentially through the second air duct 140, the mounting cavity 150, and the exhaust port 120. When the exhaust assembly 500 is open and the fresh air assembly 400 is closed, the airflow entering through the air inlet 110 can be discharged sequentially through the first air duct 130, the mounting cavity 150, and the exhaust port 120. When the exhaust assembly 500 is closed and the fresh air assembly 400 is open, the incoming airflow can circulate between the second air duct 140, the mounting cavity 150, and the first air duct 130. By adopting the above solution, and through different start / stop combinations of the fresh air component 400 and the exhaust component 500, flexible switching between natural ventilation mode, cold storage mode, and phase change cooling mode can be achieved. This allows for adaptation to the heat dissipation requirements of different ambient temperatures and energy storage conditions, effectively improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the energy storage cabinet while reducing heat dissipation power consumption. Furthermore, the above solution of this application is a passive heat dissipation method, which can control the temperature without relying on an air conditioning compressor, thus reducing maintenance and operating costs and improving the profitability of energy storage. In addition, the modular layered design of this application can optimize airflow organization, improve heat dissipation efficiency, and avoid local hotspot problems. At the same time, by utilizing the synergistic effect of phase change materials and dynamic ventilation, the temperature limitations of natural ventilation and the latent heat release rate limitations of phase change materials can be effectively solved.

[0028] In one optional embodiment of this application, the phase change module 300 may include multiple sub-modules 310, specifically three or more sub-modules 310. The sub-modules 310 may be cuboid in shape, and their interiors may be filled with paraffin phase change material. Furthermore, graphene may be added to the paraffin phase change material to form a graphene-reinforced thermally conductive layer. The multiple sub-modules 310 are respectively positioned and installed within the first air duct 130, and adjacent sub-modules 310 are connected by airflow channels 320. The air inlet 110 communicates with the mounting cavity 150 through the airflow channels 320. The airflow entering from the air inlet 110 passes through the input end of the first air duct 130 and is evenly distributed to each airflow channel 320. After flowing through the heat exchange area of ​​the phase change module 300, it converges and enters the mounting cavity 150. Using the above scheme, the heat exchange area between the airflow and the phase change module 300 can be increased, which is beneficial for improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0029] In this embodiment, the cabinet 100 has a first partition 160 and a second partition 170 inside. The first partition 160 divides the interior of the cabinet 100 into an installation cavity 150 and an air duct space. The second partition 170 is located in the air duct space and is set at a preset angle with the first partition 160 to divide the air duct space into a first air duct 130 and a second air duct 140. The preset angle can be in the range of 80° to 100°, specifically 80°, 90°, 100°, etc.

[0030] The first partition 160 has multiple ventilation holes in the area opposite to the first air duct 130. These ventilation holes connect the first air duct 130 and the mounting cavity 150. Airflow in the first air duct 130 can enter the mounting cavity 150 through the ventilation holes, or airflow in the mounting cavity 150 can also enter the first air duct 130 through the ventilation holes. The first partition 160 has a first mounting hole in the area opposite to the second air duct 140. This first mounting hole connects the second air duct 140 and the mounting cavity 150. At least a portion of the fresh air assembly 400 is disposed within the first mounting hole. The fresh air assembly 400 can be fixed within the first mounting hole using a flange or similar structure to ensure a tight seal between the first mounting hole and the fresh air assembly 400.

[0031] In one optional embodiment of this application, a flow equalization plate 600 is provided between the air inlet 110 and the first air duct 130 and the second air duct 140. The flow equalization plate 600 can be a rectangular metal mesh plate, and can be fixed inside the cabinet 100 by means of snap-fit, bolt connection, or other methods. The flow equalization plate 600 has multiple mesh holes, and the air inlet 110 can be connected to the first air duct 130 and the second air duct 140 through the multiple mesh holes respectively. By utilizing the diversion effect of the multiple mesh holes, the airflow is evenly distributed to the first air duct 130 and the second air duct 140, avoiding the generation of vortices in the airflow at the air duct inlet and improving the airflow efficiency.

[0032] In this embodiment, the cabinet 100 may include a base plate 101, a top plate 102, a top cover 103, and multiple side plates 104. The base plate 101 and the top plate 102 are arranged opposite to each other and connected by multiple side plates 104. The specific connection method can be welding, riveting, bolting, etc. The top cover 103 is placed on top of the top plate 102. The specific connection method can also be welding, riveting, bolting, etc., and there is a flow space 180 between the top cover 103 and the top plate 102.

[0033] An exhaust vent 120 is located on the top cover 103 and extends circumferentially along the top cover 103. This means the exhaust vent 120 can be annular, allowing hot airflow inside the cabinet 100 to be discharged evenly and quickly, improving heat dissipation efficiency. A second mounting hole is provided on the top plate 102, connecting the mounting cavity 150 and the flow space 180. At least a portion of the exhaust assembly 500 is located within the second mounting hole, allowing airflow within the mounting cavity 150 to be discharged through the exhaust assembly 500, the flow space 180, and the exhaust vent 120. The inner wall of the top cover 103 may have a guide structure (such as a guide ramp) that directs airflow to the exhaust vent 120, preventing turbulence in the flow space 180.

[0034] In addition, to improve the heat insulation and heat insulation effect of the cabinet 100, heat insulation structures such as heat insulation foam layers and Trombow walls can be set on the bottom plate 101, top plate 102, top cover 103 and side plate 104 of the cabinet 100.

[0035] Based on the above, the fresh air assembly 400 and the exhaust assembly 500 can have the same structure, both including a fan 410 and a damper 420. The fan 410 can be a DC brushless axial fan, a centrifugal fan, etc., and can support high-speed mode and off mode, as well as speed-adjustable operation mode to improve the flexibility of use. The damper 420 can be an electric butterfly valve, which can be installed in the internal channel of the fan 410 to control the opening or closing of the internal channel. The fan 410 of the fresh air assembly 400 is located in the second air duct 140, and the fan 410 of the exhaust assembly 500 is located on the airflow path between the mounting cavity 150 and the exhaust port 120.

[0036] In one optional embodiment of this application, the energy storage module 200 may include a mounting bracket 210 and multiple energy storage batteries 220. The mounting bracket 210 is positioned inside the cabinet 100 and has multiple stacked mounting positions, on which the multiple energy storage batteries 220 are correspondingly placed. To flexibly adjust the heat dissipation mode of the cabinet 100, temperature sensors 700 can be respectively installed on the surface of the energy storage batteries 220, inside the mounting cavity 150, and outside the cabinet 100. Based on the temperature data of the energy storage batteries 220, the temperature data inside the mounting cavity 150, and the ambient temperature data obtained by the temperature sensors 700, the heat dissipation mode of the cabinet 100 can be adaptively adjusted. In addition, the energy storage cabinet may also include a controller 800, which can be electrically connected to the fresh air assembly 400, the exhaust assembly 500, and the temperature sensors 700 respectively. The controller 800 can receive the temperature signal from the temperature sensor 700 and control the opening or closing of the fresh air assembly 400 and the exhaust assembly 500 according to preset logic.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application also discloses a control method for an energy storage cabinet, which is applied to the energy storage cabinet described above. The control method may include: S1. Determine whether the current time is within the preset time period.

[0038] Specifically, the controller 800 of the cabinet 100 can have a built-in clock module, and the preset time period can be the off-peak electricity period (such as 00:00-08:00, which can be adjusted according to the electricity price policy of different regions). The controller 800 can obtain the current time in real time and compare it with the preset time period.

[0039] S2. When the current time is within the preset time period, control both the fresh air assembly 400 and the exhaust assembly 500 to be in the open state, so that the airflow entering from the air inlet 110 is discharged sequentially through the second air duct 140, the mounting cavity 150 and the exhaust port 120.

[0040] Specifically, if the current time is within a preset time period (e.g., 02:30), the controller 800 can send a control signal to control the opening of the air valve 420 and the start of the fan 410 of the fresh air component 400, and at the same time control the opening of the air valve 420 and the start of the fan 410 of the exhaust component 500. At this time, the airflow flows along the path of "air inlet 110 → flow equalization plate 600 → second air duct 140 → fresh air component 400 → mounting cavity 150 → exhaust component 500 → flow space 180 → exhaust port 120", realizing heat dissipation in natural ventilation mode.

[0041] S3. Determine whether the ambient temperature is lower than the critical temperature of the phase change module 300. If the ambient temperature is lower than the critical temperature, control the energy storage module 200 to be in a charging state.

[0042] Specifically, the controller 800 can obtain the current ambient temperature through an external temperature sensor 700 (installed outside the cabinet 100 to obtain the ambient temperature), and compare the ambient temperature with the critical temperature of the phase change module 300 (the temperature at which the phase change material begins to change phase). If the ambient temperature is lower than the critical temperature, the controller 800 can control the charging circuit of the energy storage module 200 to be turned on, and the energy storage module 200 will start to receive power from the external power grid for charging. If the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to the critical temperature, charging will not be started temporarily, and only natural ventilation mode will be maintained for heat dissipation until the ambient temperature is lower than the critical temperature.

[0043] S4. Determine whether the operating temperature of the energy storage module 200 is lower than the upper limit operating temperature. If the operating temperature is not lower than the upper limit operating temperature, control the energy storage module 200 to stop charging.

[0044] During charging, the controller 800 receives signals from each temperature sensor 700 in real time, calculates the operating temperature of the energy storage module 200, and compares it with the upper limit operating temperature (which can be set to 45℃, depending on the safety parameters of the energy storage battery 220). If the operating temperature is less than 45℃, the energy storage module 200 continues charging. If the operating temperature is greater than or equal to 45℃ (e.g., 46℃), the controller 800 controls the charging circuit to disconnect, the energy storage module 200 stops charging, and maintains natural ventilation mode for heat dissipation until the operating temperature of the energy storage module 200 drops below 45℃, after which charging resumes.

[0045] S5. After the energy storage module 200 has completed charging, the exhaust component 500 is controlled to be in the open state and the fresh air component 400 is controlled to be in the closed state, so that the airflow entering from the air inlet 110 is discharged sequentially through the first air duct 130, the mounting cavity 150 and the exhaust port 120.

[0046] Specifically, after the energy storage module 200 completes charging, the controller 800 can send a control signal to close the air valve 420 and fan 410 of the fresh air assembly 400, while keeping the air valve 420 of the exhaust assembly 500 open and the fan 410 running. At this time, the airflow flows along the path of "air inlet 110 → flow equalizer 600 → first air duct 130 → phase change module 300 → mounting cavity 150 → exhaust assembly 500 → flow space 180 → exhaust outlet 120". Since the ambient temperature is lower than the critical temperature of the phase change module 300, the phase change module 300 can release heat into the airflow and undergo a phase change. During this process, the phase change module 300 can accumulate cold energy for subsequent heat dissipation.

[0047] As described above, the energy storage cabinet control method disclosed in this application improves upon related technologies. By using different start / stop combinations of the fresh air component 400 and the exhaust component 500, it can flexibly switch between natural ventilation mode, cold storage mode, and phase change cooling mode, thereby adapting to the heat dissipation requirements of different ambient temperatures and different energy storage operating conditions. While reducing heat dissipation power consumption, it can effectively improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the energy storage cabinet. Furthermore, the above-mentioned solution of this application is a passive heat dissipation method, which can control the temperature without relying on an air conditioning compressor, which is beneficial to reducing maintenance and operating costs and improving the profitability of energy storage. In addition, this application can optimize airflow organization through modular layered design, improve heat dissipation efficiency, and avoid local hotspot problems. At the same time, by utilizing the synergistic effect of phase change materials and dynamic ventilation, it can effectively solve the temperature condition limitations of natural ventilation and the latent heat release rate limitations of phase change materials.

[0048] In an optional embodiment of this application, after determining in S1 whether the current time is within a preset time period, the control method may further include: S11. If the current time is not within the preset time period, determine whether the ambient temperature is lower than the critical temperature of the phase change module 300. If the ambient temperature is lower than the critical temperature, control the energy storage module 200 to be in a discharge state.

[0049] Specifically, if the current time is not within a preset time period (e.g., 14:00, peak power period), the controller 800 first obtains the ambient temperature through the external temperature sensor 700 and compares the ambient temperature with the critical temperature of the phase change module 300. If the ambient temperature is lower than the critical temperature of the phase change module 300, the controller 800 can control the discharge circuit of the energy storage module 200 to be turned on, and the energy storage module 200 outputs electrical energy to external loads (e.g., household appliances, industrial equipment) to discharge.

[0050] S12. Determine whether the operating temperature of the energy storage module 200 is lower than the upper operating temperature limit.

[0051] During the discharge process, the controller 800 calculates the operating temperature of the energy storage module 200 in real time and compares it with the upper limit of the operating temperature (45℃).

[0052] S13. When the operating temperature is lower than the upper limit operating temperature, control both the fresh air assembly 400 and the exhaust assembly 500 to be in the open state.

[0053] If the operating temperature of the energy storage module 200 is less than 45℃ (e.g., 38℃), the controller 800 can control both the fresh air component 400 and the exhaust component 500 to be turned on, maintaining natural ventilation mode for heat dissipation, and ensuring that the temperature of the energy storage module 200 is stable during the discharge process.

[0054] S14. When the operating temperature is not lower than the upper limit operating temperature, the fresh air assembly 400 is controlled to be in the open state and the exhaust assembly 500 is controlled to be in the closed state, so that the incoming airflow circulates between the second air duct 140, the mounting cavity 150 and the first air duct 130.

[0055] Specifically, if the operating temperature of the energy storage module 200 is not less than 45℃ (e.g., 47℃), the controller 800 can close the air valve 420 and the fan 410 of the exhaust assembly 500 while keeping the fresh air assembly 400 open. At this time, the airflow circulates along the path of "air inlet 110 → flow equalizer 600 → second air duct 140 → mounting cavity 150 → first air duct 130 → phase change module 300 → second air duct 140", achieving internal circulation heat dissipation. The phase change module 300 continuously absorbs heat from the airflow to reduce the temperature of the energy storage module 200.

[0056] In this embodiment, after determining whether the ambient temperature is lower than the critical temperature of the phase change module 300, the control method may further include: S111. If the ambient temperature is not lower than the critical temperature, determine whether the operating temperature of the energy storage module 200 is lower than the upper operating temperature limit.

[0057] Specifically, if the ambient temperature is not less than the critical temperature of the phase change module 300, the controller 800 skips the discharge control step, directly calculates the operating temperature of the energy storage module 200, and compares it with the upper limit operating temperature (45°C).

[0058] S112. When the operating temperature is lower than the upper limit operating temperature, control both the fresh air assembly 400 and the exhaust assembly 500 to be in the open state.

[0059] If the operating temperature of the energy storage module 200 is lower than the upper operating temperature limit (e.g., 35℃), the controller 800 can control both the fresh air component 400 and the exhaust component 500 to be turned on, and heat dissipation is carried out through natural ventilation mode, using external fresh air to remove the heat generated by the energy storage module 200.

[0060] S113. When the operating temperature is not lower than the upper limit operating temperature, the fresh air assembly 400 is controlled to be in the open state and the exhaust assembly 500 is controlled to be in the closed state.

[0061] If the operating temperature of the energy storage module 200 is not lower than the upper operating temperature limit (e.g., 48℃), the controller 800 can shut down the exhaust component 500, keep the fresh air component 400 on, switch to the internal circulation heat dissipation mode, and cool the internal airflow through the phase change module 300 to prevent the high-temperature external fresh air from entering the installation cavity 150, which would cause the temperature of the energy storage module 200 to rise further.

[0062] The above embodiments of this application focus on describing the differences between the various embodiments. As long as the different technical features between the various embodiments are not contradictory, they can be combined to form more specific embodiments. For the sake of brevity, they will not be described in detail here.

[0063] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An energy storage cabinet, characterized in that, Includes cabinet, energy storage module, phase change module, fresh air component and exhaust component; The cabinet is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the interior of the cabinet has a first air duct, a second air duct and an installation cavity. The air inlet is connected to the installation cavity through the first air duct and the second air duct, respectively, and the installation cavity is connected to the air outlet. The energy storage module is located in the mounting cavity, the phase change module is located in the first air duct, at least a portion of the fresh air assembly is located in the second air duct, and the exhaust assembly is located on the airflow path between the mounting cavity and the exhaust port. When both the fresh air assembly and the exhaust assembly are in the open state, the airflow entering through the air inlet passes through the second air duct, the mounting cavity, and the exhaust port in sequence and is discharged; when the exhaust assembly is in the open state and the fresh air assembly is in the closed state, the airflow entering through the air inlet passes through the first air duct, the mounting cavity, and the exhaust port in sequence and is discharged. With the exhaust assembly in the off state and the fresh air assembly in the on state, the incoming airflow circulates between the second air duct, the mounting cavity, and the first air duct.

2. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase change module includes multiple sub-modules, which are respectively positioned and installed in the first air duct, and there is an airflow channel between adjacent sub-modules. The air inlet is connected to the mounting cavity through the airflow channel.

3. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cabinet is provided with a first partition and a second partition inside. The first partition divides the interior of the cabinet into the installation cavity and the air duct space. The second partition is located in the air duct space and is set at a preset angle with the first partition to divide the air duct space into the first air duct and the second air duct. The first partition has a plurality of ventilation holes in the area opposite to the first air duct, and the plurality of ventilation holes connect the first air duct and the mounting cavity; the first partition has a first mounting hole in the area opposite to the second air duct, and the first mounting hole connects the second air duct and the mounting cavity, and at least a portion of the fresh air assembly is disposed in the first mounting hole.

4. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, A flow equalization plate is provided between the air inlet and the first air duct and the second air duct. The flow equalization plate has multiple mesh holes, and the air inlet is connected to the first air duct and the second air duct through the multiple mesh holes respectively.

5. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cabinet includes a bottom plate, a top plate, a top cover, and multiple side plates. The bottom plate and the top plate are arranged opposite to each other and connected by the multiple side plates. The top cover is placed on the top plate, and there is a flow space between the top cover and the top plate. The exhaust vent is located on the top cover and extends circumferentially along the top cover; the top plate has a second mounting hole, which connects the mounting cavity and the flow space; at least a portion of the exhaust assembly is located in the second mounting hole, so that the airflow in the mounting cavity is discharged through the exhaust assembly, the flow space and the exhaust vent.

6. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fresh air assembly and the exhaust assembly have the same structure, and both include a fan and a damper. The damper is installed in the internal channel of the fan and is used to control the opening or closing of the internal channel. The fan of the fresh air component is located in the second air duct, and the fan of the exhaust component is located on the airflow path between the mounting cavity and the exhaust port.

7. The energy storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage module includes a mounting frame and multiple energy storage batteries. The mounting frame is positioned inside the cabinet and has multiple stacked mounting positions, on which the multiple energy storage batteries are placed respectively. Temperature sensors are provided on the surface of the energy storage batteries, inside the mounting cavity, and outside the cabinet. The energy storage cabinet also includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the fresh air assembly, the exhaust assembly, and the temperature sensor.

8. A control method for an energy storage cabinet, applied to the energy storage cabinet according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The control method includes: Determine whether the current time is within a preset time period; When the current time is within the preset time period, both the fresh air assembly and the exhaust assembly are controlled to be in the open state, so that the airflow entering from the air inlet is discharged sequentially through the second air duct, the mounting cavity and the exhaust port; Determine whether the ambient temperature is lower than the critical temperature of the phase change module, and if the ambient temperature is lower than the critical temperature, control the energy storage module to be in a charging state. Determine whether the operating temperature of the energy storage module is lower than the upper operating temperature limit; if the operating temperature is not lower than the upper operating temperature limit, control the energy storage module to stop charging. After the energy storage module is fully charged, the exhaust component is turned on and the fresh air component is turned off, so that the airflow entering through the air inlet is discharged sequentially through the first air duct, the mounting cavity and the exhaust port.

9. The control method for the energy storage cabinet according to claim 8, characterized in that, After determining whether the current time is within a preset time period, the control method further includes: If the current time is not within the preset time period, determine whether the ambient temperature is lower than the critical temperature of the phase change module. If the ambient temperature is lower than the critical temperature, control the energy storage module to be in a discharge state. Determine whether the operating temperature of the energy storage module is lower than the upper operating temperature limit; When the operating temperature is lower than the upper operating temperature, both the fresh air assembly and the exhaust assembly are kept in the on state. When the operating temperature is not lower than the upper limit operating temperature, the fresh air assembly is controlled to be in the open state and the exhaust assembly is controlled to be in the closed state, so that the incoming airflow circulates between the second air duct, the mounting cavity and the first air duct.

10. The control method for the energy storage cabinet according to claim 9, characterized in that, After determining whether the ambient temperature is lower than the critical temperature of the phase change module, the control method further includes: If the ambient temperature is not lower than the critical temperature, determine whether the operating temperature of the energy storage module is lower than the upper operating temperature limit. When the operating temperature is lower than the upper operating temperature, both the fresh air assembly and the exhaust assembly are kept in the on state. When the operating temperature is not lower than the upper limit operating temperature, the fresh air assembly is controlled to be in the open state and the exhaust assembly is controlled to be in the closed state.

Images