Mountain wind power lightning protection and maintenance integrated system and lightning protection and rapid positioning method

Abstract

The invention discloses a mountain wind power lightning protection and maintenance integrated system and a lightning protection and rapid positioning method, and the system comprises a micro-sensing unit, a grounding grid sensing unit, a lightning conductor protection unit, an auxiliary interception unit, a grounding resistance reduction unit and a tower edge calculation unit, and the micro-sensing unit is used for collecting the lightning current amplitude and arrival time during lightning stroke; the grounding grid sensing unit is used for monitoring instantaneous resistance change, inflow current and resistance reduction state of the grounding module; the lightning conductor protection unit is used for two-dimensionally adjusting the position of a lightning conductor; the auxiliary interception unit is used for covering a lightning conductor protection blind area; the grounding resistance reduction unit is used for improving the conductive performance of the land; and the tower edge calculation unit is used for synchronizing a clock, processing data and calculating lightning stroke point coordinates, and is connected with the micro-sensing unit through a lightning conductor. The lightning stroke risk of the mountain wind power transmission line can be reduced, and the maintenance efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of wind power lightning protection, and specifically relates to an integrated system for lightning protection and maintenance of mountain wind power and a method for lightning strike protection and rapid location. Background Technology

[0002] Mountain wind power is developing rapidly due to abundant wind energy resources, but lightning protection for transmission lines and lightning strike location face significant challenges due to environmental constraints. The terrain is mainly composed of steep slopes, canyons, and rocky areas, with soil resistivity generally ranging from 1000 to 5000 Ω. The altitude of the mountain range is much higher than that of plains areas, which leads to a significant reduction in the discharge efficiency of traditional grounding grids. After lightning strikes the lightning conductor, backflashover accidents are likely to occur because the lightning current cannot be discharged quickly. In addition, extreme weather such as strong winds, icing, and heavy rains occur frequently in mountainous areas, which can not only cause the lightning conductor to deflect due to wind and deform due to icing, thus damaging its protection angle stability, but may also cause changes in the sag of the transmission line, expand the lightning protection blind zone, and increase the risk of lightning backflashover.

[0003] For mountain wind power projects built in areas prone to thunderstorms, the annual number of lightning strikes is generally ≥15 times / km², and the lightning energy is significantly higher than in plains. The amplitude of a single lightning current often exceeds 200kA, and in extreme cases, it can reach 500kA, posing a strong impact on the protection of transmission lines. The steep slopes and canyon terrain of the mountains further exacerbate the problem, making traditional fixed protection angles of lightning conductors prone to failure, increasing the risk of backflashover by 3-5 times compared to plains. Simultaneously, the high resistivity of the soil reduces the grounding grid's discharge capacity, preventing high-energy lightning currents from quickly conducting to the ground, easily causing backflashover through the gap between the lightning conductor and the transmission line.

[0004] In existing technologies, lightning protection relies on lightning conductors and lightning rods installed on towers to conduct lightning. However, in mountainous areas prone to thunderstorms, lightning still strikes power transmission lines. After a power transmission line is struck by lightning, workers are required to inspect and repair the point of impact, which consumes a lot of manpower and resources and seriously affects power transmission efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an integrated lightning protection and maintenance system for mountain wind power, as well as a lightning protection and rapid location method, to solve the problems of power transmission lines in mountainous areas prone to lightning strikes and low maintenance efficiency.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: On the one hand, this application provides an integrated lightning protection and maintenance system for mountain wind power, including: The micro-sensing unit is integrated at the segment joint of the lightning protection wire to collect the amplitude and arrival time of the lightning current during a lightning strike. The grounding grid sensing unit is embedded in the terrain-anchored grounding module of the mountain wind turbine tower to monitor the instantaneous resistance change, inflow current and resistance reduction status of the grounding module. Lightning protection unit, installed on the top of the tower, is used for two-dimensional adjustment of the lightning protection wire position; The auxiliary interception unit is deployed in the middle of the long-span line to cover the blind spot of the lightning protection line; The grounding resistance reduction unit is integrated with the grounding module to increase the conductivity of the soil. The grounding resistance reduction unit includes an electromagnetic control valve, which is signal-connected to the grounding grid sensing unit and adjusts the opening and closing of the electromagnetic control valve according to the change in grounding resistance. The tower edge computing unit is installed below the crossarm of the wind turbine tower. It is used to synchronize the clock, process data, and calculate the coordinates of the lightning strike point. It is also connected to the micro-sensing unit through a lightning protection wire.

[0007] Furthermore, the micro-sensing unit includes a current transformer and a high-precision clock chip. The current transformer is used to collect the amplitude of the lightning current during a lightning strike, and the high-precision clock chip is used to record the arrival time of the lightning current.

[0008] Furthermore, the grounding grid sensing unit includes a dual-sensor chip soldered onto the copper electrodes of the grounding module. The dual-sensor chip is used to collect the instantaneous resistance change and inflow current of the grounding module during a lightning strike.

[0009] Furthermore, the tower edge computing unit includes a dual-mode clock module and a data processing module. The dual-mode clock module is used to provide clock synchronization for the micro-sensing unit and the grounding grid sensing unit. The data processing module is used to receive the lightning current amplitude and time data of the micro-sensing unit, as well as the resistance and current data of the grounding grid sensing unit, and run a fusion algorithm to calculate the coordinates of the lightning strike point.

[0010] Furthermore, the lightning protection unit includes an electric support and a lightning direction sensor. The electric support is installed at the end of the tower crossarm and is used for horizontal rotation and vertical raising and lowering of the lightning protection wire. The lightning direction sensor is integrated on the top of the support and is used to detect the direction of the incoming lightning flow.

[0011] Furthermore, the auxiliary interception unit includes a composite interception net, a retraction driver, and a dual-support column cable mechanism; The double-support column cableway mechanism is set between two adjacent towers and includes two spaced-apart support columns, with a sloping cableway formed between the tops of the two support columns. The top of the taller support column is equipped with a sealed storage box, in which the winding driver and the composite interception net are placed. The composite interception net can be unfolded along the cable and wound up by the winding driver.

[0012] Furthermore, the grounding resistance reduction unit includes a porous ceramic shell, a composite resistance reduction medium, and an electromagnetic control valve; the porous ceramic shell is coaxially nested with the copper electrode of the grounding module; the composite resistance reduction medium is filled between the porous ceramic shell and the copper electrode of the grounding module; the electromagnetic control valve is controlled to open and close by the tower edge calculation unit to quickly dissolve the composite resistance reduction medium.

[0013] Furthermore, the fusion algorithm of the data processing module includes the following steps: S1: Receive the arrival time of lightning current from the adjacent lightning protection wire micro-sensor unit. , Calculate the time difference Combined with the propagation speed v = 2.5 × 10 8 m / s, preliminary calculation of the distance from the lightning strike point to one of the micro-sensing units. ; S2: Receives current from the grounding grid sensing unit of the adjacent tower. , and resistance change , ,pass and / Ratio correction ,get ; S2.1: Based on the soil resistivity data from the resistivity reduction monitoring submodule, if the resistivity is >1000Ω m, for The ratio is corrected by 1.2 to 1.5 times; S3: Elevation data based on pole towers , And the horizontal distance D between the two towers, calculate the slope correction coefficient K= This allows us to obtain the actual distance after slope correction. = ×K; S4: Based on the physical characteristic parameters of the conductor, namely unit weight g and tension T, the sag formula is used. Calculate the sag at the lightning strike point, and finally based on , , D can calculate the three-dimensional coordinates of the lightning strike point.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a node redundancy unit, which is used so that when any tower edge computing unit fails, the two adjacent tower edge computing units automatically take over the data reception and calculation of the micro-sensor unit and the grounding grid sensor unit corresponding to the faulty node.

[0015] On the other hand, this application also provides a method for lightning protection and rapid location of mountain wind power, utilizing the aforementioned integrated system for lightning protection and maintenance of mountain wind power, including the following steps: Step 1: The micro-sensor unit monitors the thunderstorm corona discharge and ambient electric field strength around the line in real time. When the local high temperature of the lightning protection line is detected to be >100℃ or the ambient electric field strength is >8kV / m, the soil resistivity sensor is activated to collect soil parameters around the grounding electrode at high frequency. Step 2: When a lightning strike occurs, the micro-sensor unit collects the amplitude, waveform, and arrival time of the lightning current on the adjacent tower, and transmits them to the tower edge calculation unit; at the same time, the lightning protection unit adjusts the protection angle of the lightning conductor according to the incident direction of the lightning current. Step 3: The rewind driver releases the composite interception net to form a trapezoidal protective barrier covering the area above and below the line; at the same time, when the grounding grid sensing unit detects that the grounding resistance has risen to >8Ω, it controls the electromagnetic control valve to open, so as to reduce the soil resistivity. Step 4: If the lightning strike does not hit the transmission line, the tower edge computing unit only records the action data of each unit; if the lightning strikes the transmission line, the tower edge computing unit synchronizes the data timestamps of the micro-sensing unit and the grounding grid sensing unit through the dual-mode clock module, and runs the fusion algorithm to calculate the coordinates of the lightning strike point. Step 5: After the lightning strike risk is eliminated, the composite interception net rises back into the sealed storage box; when the grounding resistance is stable at ≤6Ω, the electromagnetic control valve closes; the electric support of the lightning protection unit resets, and the protection angle is adjusted to normal. Step 6: If the power transmission line is struck by lightning, the maintenance personnel will receive the coordinates of the lightning strike point and then carry out maintenance on the power transmission line.

[0016] The present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: 1. This application achieves rapid transmission of lightning current data by setting up micro-sensing units and grounding grid sensing units, and directly connecting them to the tower edge computing unit. Furthermore, it utilizes the dual-mode clock synchronization and fusion algorithm within the tower edge computing unit to accurately calculate the lightning strike point location, significantly reducing the manpower and time costs of manual inspection. The electromagnetic control valve of the grounding resistance reduction unit is linked to the signal of the grounding grid sensing unit, dynamically adjusting the release of the resistance-reducing medium according to changes in grounding resistance, effectively solving the problem of low current discharge efficiency of the grounding grid under high resistivity soil in mountainous areas. Simultaneously, the auxiliary interception unit better protects the transmission line from lightning strikes. This application achieves the dual goals of reducing lightning strike risk and improving maintenance efficiency.

[0017] 2. To address the issue of weak lightning protection in the middle of long-span wind power lines in mountainous areas, the auxiliary interception unit adopts a double-support column cable-stayed mechanism design. A cable-stayed mechanism is installed between two spaced-apart support columns, working in conjunction with a composite interception net that can be deployed along the cable. This allows for rapid deployment to form a trapezoidal protective barrier in the event of a lightning strike warning. This structure utilizes gravity-driven slope to avoid the problem of net sagging under a single support column. Simultaneously, the sealed storage box protects the net from strong mountain winds and dust erosion, improving the interception rate of side-strike and bypass lightning strikes and significantly reducing the lightning risk of long-span lines.

[0018] 3. The grounding resistance reduction unit adopts a porous ceramic shell coaxially nested with the copper electrodes of the grounding module, and is filled with a composite resistance-reducing medium. When the grounding grid sensing unit detects a grounding resistance > 8Ω, the tower edge calculation unit triggers the electromagnetic control valve to open. The electrolytic ion salts in the composite medium and the gel formed by the water absorption of bentonite quickly penetrate into the surrounding soil, reducing the soil resistivity. When the resistance is ≤ 6Ω, the valve automatically closes to avoid medium waste. This design not only solves the problem of grounding resistance fluctuation under extreme weather conditions such as drought and heavy rain in mountainous areas, but also extends the effective period of resistance reduction through a slow-release agent, eliminating the need for frequent maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method for lightning protection and rapid positioning of mountain wind power according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application will be thorough and complete.

[0021] The integrated lightning protection and maintenance system for mountain wind power includes a lightning protection unit, an auxiliary interception unit, and a grounding resistance reduction unit. By setting up these units, better lightning protection can be achieved for transmission lines in mountainous wind power areas prone to thunderstorms, reducing the probability of transmission lines being struck by lightning.

[0022] Specifically, the lightning protection unit is installed at the end of the crossarm at the top of the tower and includes an electric support and a thunderstorm direction sensor. The electric support is driven by a stepper motor and can rotate in the vertical plane, thereby adjusting the height of the lightning protection wire to adjust the protection angle. The thunderstorm direction sensor is integrated at the top of the support. By detecting changes in the distribution of the atmospheric electric field, it can identify the direction of the incoming thunderstorm and transmit the direction signal to the tower edge calculation unit (described later). The tower edge calculation unit controls the electric support to adjust the protection angle of the lightning protection wire. Under normal conditions, the protection angle is maintained at 45°. When a thunderstorm is detected to be entering from the side, the electric support can adjust the protection angle to 30° within 2 seconds, reducing the exposed area of ​​the transmission line.

[0023] The auxiliary interception unit is deployed in the middle of a long-span line between two adjacent towers. It specifically includes a composite interception net, a retraction actuator, and a double-support column cable mechanism. Long-span lines refer to sections where the distance between two towers exceeds 500 meters. The double-support column cable mechanism consists of two spaced-apart support columns, both made of high-strength fiberglass and fixed to a rock foundation at their bases via embedded parts. The tops of the two support columns have an elevation difference, which can be achieved by utilizing the terrain or by changing the height of the support columns. The tops of the two support columns are connected by a galvanized steel cable to form a cable, with a 5° slope based on the elevation difference between the two support columns. Multiple wear-resistant sliders are mounted on the cable, and a sealed storage box is installed at the top of the taller support column. The surface of the storage box is coated with a nano-hydrophobic coating, and the retraction actuator and composite interception net are placed inside.

[0024] The composite interception net is woven from galvanized steel wire and aramid fiber, with an 8cm x 8cm diamond-shaped mesh. The upper edge is fixedly connected to a wear-resistant slider on the cable, the base is wound around a winding shaft, and the lower edge is sewn with a stainless steel counterweight to ensure stable sliding down the cable when the net is deployed. Because galvanized steel wire has excellent conductivity, and numerous tiny sharp points are formed at the intersections of the diamond-shaped mesh during weaving, the composite interception net becomes a priority target when a thundercloud approaches the power line due to the point discharge effect. While aramid fiber is non-conductive, it possesses extremely high tensile strength and weather resistance, serving as the structural framework of the composite interception net when woven with galvanized steel wire. Furthermore, the 8cm x 8cm diamond-shaped mesh design is smaller than the minimum breakdown distance of a lightning channel. Even if lightning attempts to bypass the sharp points of the composite interception net, it will be attracted and intercepted by adjacent galvanized steel wires because the mesh spacing is less than the air breakdown threshold, preventing it from directly penetrating the net and striking the power line behind it.

[0025] The grounding resistance reduction unit is integrated with the grounding module, comprising a porous ceramic shell, a composite resistance-reducing medium, and an electromagnetic control valve. The porous ceramic shell is made of alumina with a porosity of 35%, and its inner diameter is larger than the diameter of the copper electrode in the grounding module, and it is coaxially nested with the copper electrode. The composite resistance-reducing medium, consisting of 30% sodium bentonite, 25% 800-mesh flake graphite, 20% potassium chloride-zinc sulfate mixed salt, and 25% hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, fills the space between the porous ceramic shell and the copper electrode. The medium is granular, facilitating filling and ion permeation. The electromagnetic control valve is a normally closed miniature electromagnetic ball valve, installed at the top interface of the porous ceramic shell. One end connects to the composite resistance-reducing medium inside the shell, and the other end has a pre-installed medium replenishment port. The control end of the electromagnetic control valve is connected to the tower edge calculation unit, which controls its opening and closing based on the resistance data from the grounding grid sensing unit.

[0026] When the composite drag-reducing medium is filled between the porous ceramic shell and the copper electrode, it takes the form of dry granules. The micropores of the porous ceramic shell prevent the entry of external soil particles but allow trace amounts of groundwater to slowly infiltrate and contact the dry composite medium. During this process, the bentonite absorbs water and swells, transforming from dry granules into a water-retaining gel, providing a dissolution environment for ionic salts while simultaneously forming a semi-fluid carrier itself. The potassium chloride-zinc sulfate mixed salt dissolves, dissociating K+ into the water in the gel. + Zn² + Conductive ions are generated to form a high-concentration ionic liquid. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acts as a slow-release agent to regulate the rate; that is, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is adsorbed on the surface of the ionic salt, preventing the ionic salt from dissolving rapidly all at once and ensuring the continuous generation of the ionic liquid. This process prepares the ground for reducing resistivity during thunderstorms, as the release of conductive ions during thunderstorms is slow and cannot quickly reduce soil resistivity.

[0027] Because of the corrosion inhibitor, the dissolution and leaching of ionic salts is slow, sometimes taking several years. However, during thunderstorms, when the grounding resistance is detected to be greater than 8Ω, the electromagnetic control valve opens. The mixture of gel and ionic liquid inside the porous ceramic shell is rapidly released outwards through the valve channel under the influence of soil pressure difference and gravity. Simultaneously, it permeates through the pores of the ceramic shell, rapidly reducing the surrounding soil resistivity and creating a smooth discharge path for the current. When the grounding resistance drops below 8Ω, the electromagnetic control valve automatically closes, stopping the release and preventing unnecessary loss of the composite resistance-reducing medium.

[0028] The integrated lightning protection and maintenance system for mountain wind power also includes micro-sensor units, grounding grid sensor units, and tower edge calculation units. Through these units, the system enables rapid location of the point of impact after a lightning strike on the transmission line, facilitating maintenance by personnel.

[0029] The micro-sensor unit is integrated at the segment joint of the lightning protection wire, with one set installed every 500m of lightning protection wire. Each set includes a current transformer and a high-precision clock chip. The current transformer is connected in series in the lightning protection wire and can collect the lightning current passing through the lightning protection wire. The high-precision clock chip is the DS3231 model, with a time accuracy of 8ns. It can record the moment when the lightning current arrives at the joint in real time and transmit the data to the tower edge calculation unit through the metal conductor of the lightning protection wire itself.

[0030] The grounding grid sensing unit is embedded in the terrain-anchored grounding module of the mountain wind turbine tower. This grounding module includes copper electrodes, and the sensing unit includes dual sensing chips soldered to the center of the copper electrodes. One chip acquires the instantaneous resistance change of the grounding module using a quadrupole method, while the other chip acquires the current flowing into the grounding module using the Hall effect. The grounding grid sensing unit also includes an insulating encapsulation layer and an icing monitoring submodule. The insulating encapsulation layer is made of polyimide and encapsulates the dual sensing chips using a vacuum potting process, exposing only the detection pins in contact with the copper electrodes. The icing monitoring submodule includes a temperature and humidity sensor, which is attached to the upper part of the copper electrodes with thermally conductive adhesive and connected in parallel with the dual sensing chips.

[0031] The tower edge computing unit is installed below the crossarm of the wind turbine tower and includes a dual-mode clock module, namely GPS and Beidou, with a time synchronization accuracy of ≤10ns. The tower edge computing unit also includes a data processing module, which receives the lightning current amplitude and time data from the micro-sensor unit, as well as the resistance and current data from the grounding grid sensor unit, and runs a fusion algorithm to calculate the coordinates of the lightning strike point.

[0032] The specific execution process of the fusion algorithm is as follows: S1: Receive the arrival time of lightning current from the adjacent lightning protection wire micro-sensor unit. , Calculate the time difference Combined with the propagation speed v = 2.5 × 10 8 m / s, preliminary calculation of the distance from the lightning strike point to one of the micro-sensing units. ; S2: Receives current from the grounding grid sensing unit of the adjacent tower. , and resistance change , ,pass and / Ratio correction ,get ; S2.1: Based on the soil resistivity data monitored by the grounding grid sensing unit, if the resistivity is >1000Ω m, for The ratio is corrected by 1.2 to 1.5 times; S3: Elevation data based on pole towers , And the horizontal distance D between the two towers, calculate the slope correction coefficient K= This allows us to obtain the actual distance after slope correction. = ×K; S4: Based on the physical characteristic parameters of the lightning protection wire, namely unit weight g and tension T, the sag formula is used. Calculate the sag at the lightning strike point, and finally based on , , D can calculate the three-dimensional coordinates of the lightning strike point.

[0033] It should be noted that the tower edge computing unit is also connected to the electromagnetic control valve within the grounding resistance reduction unit, and transmits the resistance monitored by the grounding grid sensing unit to the grounding resistance reduction unit as the basis for opening and closing the electromagnetic control valve. The tower edge computing unit is also connected to the lightning protection unit. The lightning direction sensor within the lightning protection unit can identify the direction of the incoming lightning flow and transmit the direction signal to the tower edge computing unit, which then controls the electric support to adjust the lightning protection angle.

[0034] It also features node redundancy units integrated into the tower edge computing units. When any tower edge computing unit fails due to lightning strikes or equipment malfunctions, the edge computing units of the two adjacent towers will automatically detect the fault signal via wireless communication and take over the data reception and calculation of the micro-sensor units and grounding grid sensor units corresponding to the faulty node. For example, if the computing unit of the middle tower fails, the computing units of the towers on both sides will receive the micro-sensor data from both sides of the faulty node and jointly complete the lightning strike point location through data interaction, ensuring that the system has no risk of single-point failure.

[0035] This embodiment also provides a method for lightning protection and rapid location of wind power in mountainous areas, and the specific implementation steps are as follows: Step 1: The current transformer and high-precision clock chip of the micro-sensing unit monitor the thunderstorm corona discharge and ambient electric field strength around the line in real time. When the local high temperature of the lightning protection line is detected to be >100℃ or the ambient electric field strength is >8kV / m, the micro-sensing unit triggers the system to enter the early warning state through the wake-up signal. At this time, the winding driver of the auxiliary interception unit is powered on and is in standby state. The tower edge calculation unit simultaneously activates the soil resistivity sensor and collects the soil parameters around the grounding electrode at a frequency of 10 seconds / time to provide data support for subsequent resistance reduction adjustment.

[0036] Step 2: When a lightning strike occurs, the current transformer of the micro-sensor unit collects the amplitude, waveform, and arrival time of the lightning current on the adjacent tower, and transmits it to the tower edge calculation unit through the lightning protection wire. At the same time, the lightning direction sensor of the lightning protection wire unit detects the incident direction of the lightning and transmits the direction signal to the tower edge calculation unit. The tower edge calculation unit controls the rotation of the electric support, thereby adjusting the protection angle of the lightning protection wire to prevent the lightning current from winding around the conductor.

[0037] Step 3: After receiving the lightning strike confirmation signal from the tower edge calculation unit, the winding driver of the auxiliary interception unit begins to release the composite interception net. Under the guidance of the weight of the counterweight and the slope of the cable, the composite interception net slides along the cable towards the lower support column and unfolds, forming a trapezoidal protective barrier covering the upper and lower parts of the line, successfully intercepting the lightning strike from the side.

[0038] At the same time, when the grounding grid sensing unit detects that the grounding resistance has risen to >8Ω, the tower edge calculation unit immediately triggers the electromagnetic control valve of the grounding resistance reduction unit to open. The potassium chloride-zinc sulfate mixed salt in the composite resistance reduction medium dissolves with the soil moisture absorbed by the bentonite to form a high-concentration ionic liquid, which permeates into the surrounding soil through the pores of the porous ceramic shell, thereby reducing the soil resistivity.

[0039] Step 4: If the lightning strike does not hit the transmission line, the tower edge computing unit only records the action data of each unit; if the lightning strikes the transmission line in the future, the tower edge computing unit will synchronize the data timestamps of the micro-sensor unit and the grounding grid sensor unit through the dual-mode clock module, run the fusion algorithm to calculate the coordinates of the lightning strike point, and wirelessly transmit the coordinate data to the central control platform and the maintenance personnel's APP.

[0040] Step 5: When the micro-sensor unit detects an ambient electric field strength of <5kV / m for 30 consecutive minutes, it determines that the lightning strike risk has been eliminated; the winding driver of the auxiliary interception unit reverses, pulling the composite interception net back up along the cable to the sealed storage box. After storage, the electromagnetic lock of the storage box automatically closes; when the grounding grid sensing unit detects that the grounding resistance is stable at ≤6Ω, the tower edge calculation unit controls the electromagnetic control valve to close, stopping the release of ionic liquid; the electric support of the lightning protection unit resets, adjusting the protection angle to the normal value.

[0041] Step 6: If the power transmission line is struck by lightning, the maintenance personnel will receive the coordinates of the lightning strike point and use the mountain-specific navigation route to reach the site and carry out maintenance on the power transmission line.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An integrated lightning protection and maintenance system for mountain wind power, characterized in that, include: The micro-sensing unit is integrated at the segment joint of the lightning protection wire to collect the amplitude and arrival time of the lightning current during a lightning strike. The grounding grid sensing unit is embedded in the terrain-anchored grounding module of the mountain wind turbine tower to monitor the instantaneous resistance change, inflow current and resistance reduction status of the grounding module. Lightning protection unit, installed on the top of the tower, is used for two-dimensional adjustment of the lightning protection wire position; The auxiliary interception unit is deployed in the middle of the long-span line to cover the blind spot of the lightning protection line; The grounding resistance reduction unit is integrated with the grounding module to increase the conductivity of the soil. The grounding resistance reduction unit includes an electromagnetic control valve, which is signal-connected to the grounding grid sensing unit and adjusts the opening and closing of the electromagnetic control valve according to the change in grounding resistance. The tower edge computing unit is installed below the crossarm of the wind turbine tower. It is used to synchronize the clock, process data, and calculate the coordinates of the lightning strike point. It is also connected to the micro-sensing unit through a lightning protection wire.

2. The integrated lightning protection and maintenance system for mountain wind power as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The micro-sensing unit includes a current transformer and a high-precision clock chip. The current transformer is used to collect the amplitude of the lightning current during a lightning strike, and the high-precision clock chip is used to record the arrival time of the lightning current.

3. The integrated lightning protection and maintenance system for mountain wind power as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The grounding grid sensing unit includes a dual sensing chip soldered onto the copper electrodes of the grounding module. The dual sensing chip is used to collect the instantaneous resistance change and inflow current of the grounding module during a lightning strike.

4. The integrated lightning protection and maintenance system for mountain wind power as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The tower edge computing unit includes a dual-mode clock module and a data processing module. The dual-mode clock module is used to provide clock synchronization for the micro-sensing unit and the grounding grid sensing unit. The data processing module is used to receive the lightning current amplitude and time data of the micro-sensing unit, as well as the resistance and current data of the grounding grid sensing unit, and run a fusion algorithm to calculate the coordinates of the lightning strike point.

5. The integrated lightning protection and maintenance system for mountain wind power according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lightning protection unit includes an electric support and a lightning direction sensor. The electric support is installed at the end of the tower crossarm and is used for horizontal rotation and vertical raising and lowering of the lightning protection wire. The lightning direction sensor is integrated on the top of the support and is used to detect the direction of the incoming lightning flow.

6. The integrated lightning protection and maintenance system for mountain wind power according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary interception unit includes a composite interception net, a retraction driver, and a double-support column cable mechanism; The double-support column cableway mechanism is set between two adjacent towers and includes two spaced-apart support columns, with a sloping cableway formed between the tops of the two support columns. The top of the taller support column is equipped with a sealed storage box, in which the winding driver and the composite interception net are placed. The composite interception net can be unfolded along the cable and wound up by the winding driver.

7. The integrated lightning protection and maintenance system for mountain wind power according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grounding resistance reduction unit includes a porous ceramic shell, a composite resistance reduction medium, and an electromagnetic control valve; the porous ceramic shell is coaxially nested with the copper electrode of the grounding module; the composite resistance reduction medium is filled between the porous ceramic shell and the copper electrode of the grounding module; the electromagnetic control valve is controlled to open and close by the tower edge calculation unit to quickly dissolve the composite resistance reduction medium.

8. The integrated lightning protection and maintenance system for mountain wind power according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fusion algorithm of the data processing module includes the following steps: S1: Receive the arrival time of lightning current from the adjacent lightning protection wire micro-sensor unit. , Calculate the time difference Combined with the propagation speed v = 2.5 × 10 8 m / s, preliminary calculation of the distance from the lightning strike point to one of the micro-sensing units. ; S2: Receives current from the grounding grid sensing unit of the adjacent tower. , and resistance change , ,pass and / Ratio correction ,get ; S2.1: Based on the soil resistivity data from the resistivity reduction monitoring submodule, if the resistivity is >1000Ω m, for The ratio is corrected by 1.2 to 1.5 times; S3: Elevation data based on pole towers , And the horizontal distance D between the two towers, calculate the slope correction coefficient K= This allows us to obtain the actual distance after slope correction. = ×K; S4: Based on the physical characteristic parameters of the conductor, namely unit weight g and tension T, the sag formula is used. Calculate the sag at the lightning strike point, and finally based on , , D can calculate the three-dimensional coordinates of the lightning strike point.

9. The integrated lightning protection and maintenance system for mountain wind power according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a node redundancy unit, which is used to automatically take over the data reception and calculation of the micro-sensor unit and the grounding grid sensor unit corresponding to the faulty node when any tower edge computing unit fails.

10. A method for lightning protection and rapid location of mountain wind power, utilizing the integrated lightning protection and maintenance system for mountain wind power as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: The micro-sensor unit monitors the thunderstorm corona discharge and ambient electric field strength around the line in real time. When the local high temperature of the lightning protection line is detected to be >100℃ or the ambient electric field strength is >8kV / m, the soil resistivity sensor is activated to collect soil parameters around the grounding electrode at high frequency. Step 2: When a lightning strike occurs, the micro-sensor unit collects the amplitude, waveform, and arrival time of the lightning current on the adjacent tower, and transmits them to the tower edge calculation unit; at the same time, the lightning protection unit adjusts the protection angle of the lightning conductor according to the incident direction of the lightning current. Step 3: The rewind driver releases the composite interception net to form a trapezoidal protective barrier covering the area above and below the line; at the same time, when the grounding grid sensing unit detects that the grounding resistance has risen to >8Ω, it controls the electromagnetic control valve to open, so as to reduce the soil resistivity. Step 4: If the lightning strike does not hit the transmission line, the tower edge computing unit only records the action data of each unit; if the lightning strikes the transmission line, the tower edge computing unit synchronizes the data timestamps of the micro-sensing unit and the grounding grid sensing unit through the dual-mode clock module, and runs the fusion algorithm to calculate the coordinates of the lightning strike point. Step 5: After the lightning strike risk is eliminated, the composite interception net rises back into the sealed storage box; when the grounding resistance is stable at ≤6Ω, the electromagnetic control valve closes; the electric support of the lightning protection unit resets, and the protection angle is adjusted to normal. Step 6: If the power transmission line is struck by lightning, the maintenance personnel will receive the coordinates of the lightning strike point and then carry out maintenance on the power transmission line.

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