Intelligent irrigation system based on soil moisture content and weather prediction

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent irrigation system based on soil moisture content and weather prediction, and relates to the technical field of intelligent irrigation, the intelligent irrigation system comprises a curve weir arranged on a channel, and a liftable gate is vertically arranged above the curve weir; the irrigation water metering system calculates the irrigation flow under different flow states according to the gate opening degree and the water level information; the soil moisture content and weather forecast irrigation control system performs lifting and multi-stage opening control on a gate according to advanced water control logic based on weather forecast and real-time feedback and closed-loop control logic based on the soil moisture content and a humidity threshold value; the intelligent irrigation platform performs data query and management; the power supply system supplies power. According to the invention, lifting and multi-stage opening control is carried out on the gate through the advanced water control logic based on weather forecast and real-time feedback and the closed-loop control logic based on the soil moisture content and the humidity threshold, so that the advancement, accuracy and real-time performance of agricultural irrigation are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of intelligent irrigation technology, and in particular to an intelligent irrigation system based on soil moisture and weather forecasting. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of modern agricultural technology, driven by both the increasing contradiction between water supply and demand and the demand for precision crop cultivation, water-saving irrigation technology has become one of the core directions for the development of smart agriculture. Traditional irrigation methods rely heavily on manual experience, making it difficult to accurately match the water needs of different crop growth stages, easily leading to inefficient use and waste of water resources. Meanwhile, the gradual maturation of soil moisture sensing technology and meteorological big data forecasting technology provides technical support for the intelligent upgrading of irrigation technology. Precise and real-time irrigation control has become a key path to improving agricultural production efficiency and achieving sustainable agricultural development. Therefore, research on intelligent irrigation technology is necessary.

[0003] In the prior art, Chinese patent CN119837026A discloses a method for predicting and irrigating farmland soil moisture. The method includes: acquiring multi-source data, including soil sensor data, remote sensing data, meteorological data, and one or more crop parameters; acquiring a first soil moisture level based on the multi-source data, the first soil moisture level indicating the current soil moisture content; predicting a second soil moisture level based on the first soil moisture level and the multi-source data, the second soil moisture level indicating the soil moisture content over a certain period of time in the future; when the second soil moisture level is less than a preset moisture level, generating an irrigation instruction based on the second soil moisture level and a target moisture level, and irrigating the farmland according to the irrigation instruction, the irrigation instruction including the irrigation time and irrigation interval.

[0004] However, the aforementioned existing technologies only generate fixed irrigation instructions based on predicted soil moisture, without considering the impact of precipitation on irrigation, and lack fine-grained adjustment of multi-level opening. The advance, accuracy, and real-time nature of agricultural irrigation need to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an intelligent irrigation system based on soil moisture and weather forecasting to address the problems of existing technologies that do not consider the impact of precipitation on irrigation and lack fine-grained adjustment of multi-level opening, thus requiring improvements in the advance, accuracy, and real-time performance of agricultural irrigation.

[0006] On the one hand, this application provides an intelligent irrigation system based on soil moisture and weather forecast, including: an irrigation water metering system, a soil moisture and weather forecast irrigation control system, an intelligent irrigation platform, and a power supply system.

[0007] It also includes: a curved weir installed on the channel, with a vertically movable gate installed above the curved weir.

[0008] The irrigation water metering system is configured to: acquire water level information before and after the gate, and calculate irrigation flow rate under different flow conditions based on the gate opening and the water level information.

[0009] The soil moisture and weather forecast irrigation control system is configured to: acquire soil moisture data and weather forecast data, and control the gate's lifting and multi-level opening based on the advance water control logic based on weather forecast and real-time feedback, and the closed-loop control logic based on soil moisture and humidity thresholds.

[0010] The intelligent irrigation platform is configured to query and manage data from the irrigation water metering system and the soil moisture and weather forecast irrigation control system.

[0011] The power supply system is configured to supply power to the irrigation water metering system and the soil moisture and weather forecast irrigation control system.

[0012] In one possible implementation, water level sensors are symmetrically arranged above the curved weir and in front of and behind the gate.

[0013] The irrigation water metering system acquires water level information before and after the gate based on the water level sensor and feeds it back to the control processor in real time. The control processor calculates the irrigation flow rate under different flow conditions based on the gate opening and the water level information.

[0014] In one possible implementation, a debris-blocking device is installed on the upstream side of the curved weir.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the irrigation water metering system determines the flow regime by calculating the ratio of the gate opening to the upstream water depth in the water level information: When the ratio of the gate opening to the water depth in front of the gate is greater than a preset threshold, the current flow pattern is determined to be a flat-bottomed weir flow.

[0016] When the ratio of the gate opening to the water depth in front of the gate is less than or equal to a preset threshold and the water level behind the gate is less than or equal to the critical water depth of the gate opening, the current flow state is determined to be free outflow from a flat-bottomed gate opening.

[0017] When the ratio of the gate opening to the water depth in front of the gate is less than or equal to a preset threshold and the water level behind the gate is greater than the critical water depth of the gate opening, the current flow state is determined to be submerged outflow from a flat-bottomed gate opening.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the soil moisture and weather forecast irrigation control system acquires soil moisture data through a soil moisture sensor, transmits it to a control processor via a remote communication device, and accesses a weather data platform to obtain weather forecast data through API interface technology.

[0019] The control processor issues commands to the drive device based on the advance water control logic based on weather forecasts and real-time feedback, and the closed-loop control logic based on soil moisture and humidity thresholds. The drive device then controls the gate's lifting and lowering as well as its multi-level opening.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the advance water control logic based on weather forecasts and real-time feedback includes: If the weather forecast predicts no precipitation within the preset time, the closed-loop control logic based on soil moisture and humidity thresholds is executed and sudden precipitation is monitored; if the weather forecast predicts precipitation within the preset time, the gate opening is initially controlled to 0; if there is actual precipitation, the gate opening is kept at 0; if there is no actual precipitation, the closed-loop control logic based on soil moisture and humidity thresholds is executed.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the closed-loop control logic based on soil moisture and humidity thresholds includes: When the soil moisture content is less than the moisture threshold, the monitoring is triggered and the gate opening is adjusted according to the ratio of soil moisture to the moisture threshold. The higher the ratio of soil moisture to the moisture threshold, the smaller the gate opening is.

[0022] When the soil moisture content is greater than or equal to the moisture threshold but less than the upper limit threshold, the current gate opening remains unchanged.

[0023] When the soil moisture level in the soil moisture data is greater than or equal to the upper limit threshold, the gate is closed, and the control system then enters a dormant state until it is triggered for the next monitoring.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the intelligent irrigation platform includes: a main page, a data query page, a parameter setting page, and a user management page.

[0025] The main page includes: a data display page, showing soil moisture, valve opening, irrigation flow, and weather forecast, enabling real-time monitoring of irrigation area information; an operation mode page, used to switch between automatic and manual modes, with automatic adjustment of gate opening in automatic mode and manual adjustment of gate opening in manual mode; and a weather forecast page, displaying weather forecast data for the next period of time.

[0026] The data query page is used to allow users to retrieve the device's operating status and data information at a specific moment.

[0027] The parameter settings page includes: crop parameters, used to set the crop irrigation cycle and crop water requirements; and system parameters, used to customize the type and order of data displayed on the main page.

[0028] The user management page is used for users and administrators to log in and perform different operations.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the power supply system employs a solar power supply system, including photovoltaic solar panels and power supply devices.

[0030] The photovoltaic solar panels are used to convert solar energy into electrical energy, which is then stored in the battery pack.

[0031] The power supply device is used to convert the DC power in the battery pack into the standard voltage required by the electrical equipment in the irrigation water metering system and the soil moisture and weather forecast irrigation control system.

[0032] The intelligent irrigation system based on soil moisture and weather forecasting disclosed in this application has the following advantages: By using a pre-emptive water control logic based on weather forecasts and real-time feedback, and a closed-loop control logic based on soil moisture and humidity thresholds to control the raising, lowering, and multi-level opening of the gate, the advance, accuracy, and real-time performance of agricultural irrigation are improved.

[0033] The proposed irrigation water metering system determines the flow regime by calculating the ratio of the gate opening to the water depth in front of the gate in the water level information, and then calculates the irrigation flow under different flow regimes, thereby improving the accuracy of irrigation flow metering results under different working conditions and providing accurate reference data for subsequent irrigation.

[0034] The proposed advance water control logic based on weather forecasts and real-time feedback combines weather forecasts to regulate irrigation behavior in advance, reduce ineffective irrigation during precipitation periods, enhance the foresight of irrigation decisions, and improve water resource utilization.

[0035] The proposed closed-loop control logic based on soil moisture and humidity thresholds dynamically adjusts the gate opening according to the soil humidity threshold, forming an irrigation closed-loop control to ensure that the soil humidity remains stable within the suitable range for crops.

[0036] The proposed intelligent irrigation platform integrates data monitoring, mode switching, and parameter management functions, simplifies system operation procedures, and improves the management efficiency and convenience of irrigation systems in irrigation districts.

[0037] The proposed power supply system adopts a solar power supply system, including photovoltaic solar panels and power supply devices. It uses clean solar energy to supply power, eliminates dependence on the power grid, is suitable for deployment in farmland and other outdoor scenarios, and reduces the long-term operating cost of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0039] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a module for an intelligent irrigation system based on soil moisture and weather forecasting, provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an intelligent irrigation system based on soil moisture and weather forecasting provided in this application embodiment; Figure 3 A front view of a modeling of an intelligent irrigation system based on soil moisture and weather forecasting, provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A perspective view of a modeling of an intelligent irrigation system based on soil moisture and weather forecasting, provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the irrigation water metering system provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 6 A flowchart for determining the flow state in an irrigation water metering system provided in this application embodiment; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the free outflow of a flat-bottomed gate hole provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating the advance water control logic based on weather forecasts and real-time feedback, provided for embodiments of this application; Figure 9 A flowchart illustrating the closed-loop control logic based on soil moisture and humidity thresholds provided in this application embodiment; Figure 10 An introductory diagram of the intelligent irrigation platform provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 11 This is a diagram showing the interface of the intelligent irrigation platform provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Curved weir; 2-Water level sensor; 3-Fixed frame; 4-Drive device; 5-Control processor; 6-Power supply device; 7-Remote communication device; 8-Photovoltaic solar panel; 9-Protective control box; 10-Soil moisture sensor; 11-Pollution barrier; 12-U-shaped water trough; 13-Water trough cross-section. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown in the figure, this application provides an intelligent irrigation system based on soil moisture and weather forecast, including: an irrigation water metering system, a soil moisture and weather forecast irrigation control system, an intelligent irrigation platform, and a power supply system.

[0043] It also includes: a curved weir 1 installed on the channel, with a vertically movable gate installed above the curved weir 1.

[0044] The irrigation water metering system is configured to: acquire water level information before and after the gate, and calculate irrigation flow rate under different flow conditions based on the gate opening and the water level information.

[0045] The soil moisture and weather forecast irrigation control system is configured to: acquire soil moisture data and weather forecast data, and control the gate's lifting and multi-level opening based on the advance water control logic based on weather forecast and real-time feedback, and the closed-loop control logic based on soil moisture and humidity thresholds.

[0046] The intelligent irrigation platform is configured to query and manage data from the irrigation water metering system and the soil moisture and weather forecast irrigation control system.

[0047] The power supply system is configured to supply power to the irrigation water metering system and the soil moisture and weather forecast irrigation control system.

[0048] Specifically, Figure 1 In this context, the metering system refers to the irrigation water metering system, the control system refers to the soil moisture and weather forecast irrigation control system, and the management system refers to the intelligent irrigation platform.

[0049] In this embodiment, the process of irrigation flow → soil moisture change → humidity sensor monitoring → threshold judgment → adjusting gate opening based on weather forecast → recalculating irrigation flow → forming advance water control logic and closed-loop control logic has certain indirect connections.

[0050] Specifically, in this embodiment, the structure of the intelligent irrigation system based on soil moisture and weather forecast includes: a curved weir 1 set on a channel, a debris-blocking device 11 installed on the upstream side of the curved weir 1, a vertically movable gate installed above the curved weir 1, a drive device 4 installed on the top of the gate, water level sensors 2 symmetrically arranged above the curved weir 1 and in front of and behind the gate, a protective control box 9 installed above the gate via a fixing frame 3, the protective control box 9 integrating a control processor 5, a power supply device 6 and a remote communication device 7, an electronic display screen on the front of the protective control box 9; a photovoltaic solar panel 8 fixedly installed on the top of the protective control box 9; a soil moisture sensor 10 extending from the outside of the protective control box 9; the soil moisture sensor 10 connected to the control processor 5; and the control processor 5 connected to the water level sensor 2, the remote communication device 7 and the power supply device 6 respectively. The control processor 5, based on humidity information collected by the soil moisture sensor 10 and weather forecast data obtained through the remote communication device 7, issues control commands to drive the drive device 4 to adjust the vertical height of the gate relative to the curved weir 1. In this embodiment, the channel adopts a U-shaped trough 12, the cross-sectional structure of which is shown in the trough cross-section 13.

[0051] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, a smart irrigation system based on soil moisture and weather forecasts is modeled, including a tank for distributing irrigation water. The tank is equipped with a gate for controlling the flow and volume of water. The gate is located in the internal channel of the tank along the water flow direction and is connected to the gate via a drive motor (corresponding to drive device 4) to realize the opening, closing, or adjustment of the gate. A water tank is provided on one side of the tank and communicates with it. The water tank is used to store irrigation water. The water tank and the tank are connected by a pipe, and a debris interception device 11 is provided on the pipe to intercept impurities in the water flowing into the tank.

[0052] An electrical control box (corresponding to the protection control box 9) is installed on the top of the enclosure. The electrical control box is fixedly installed on the top of the enclosure. The electrical control box contains a control processor 5 and a wireless communication device (corresponding to the remote communication device 7). An electronic display screen (PLC) is installed on the front of the electrical control box to display the device's operating status and parameter information. A solar panel (corresponding to the photovoltaic solar panel 8) is installed on the top of the electrical control box. The solar panel is electrically connected to the battery (corresponding to the power supply device 6) inside the electrical control box.

[0053] An ultrasonic water level gauge (corresponding to water level sensor 2) is installed inside the box. The ultrasonic water level gauge is installed upstream of the gate and is used to detect the water level information inside the box in real time. A soil moisture sensor 10 is installed on the outside of the box. The soil moisture sensor 10 is electrically connected to the control processor 5 in the electrical control box through a wire and is used to collect soil moisture data in the irrigation area.

[0054] The control processor 5 is electrically connected to the ultrasonic water level gauge, the soil moisture sensor 10, the drive motor, and the wireless communication device, respectively. It is used to receive water level information, soil moisture information, and weather data, and output control signals according to the preset control logic to drive the gate to perform corresponding actions, thereby realizing intelligent regulation of irrigation water volume.

[0055] For example, water level sensors 2 are symmetrically arranged above the curved weir 1 and in front of and behind the gate.

[0056] The irrigation water metering system obtains water level information before and after the gate based on the water level sensor 2 and feeds it back to the control processor 5 in real time. The control processor 5 calculates the irrigation flow rate under different flow conditions based on the gate opening and the water level information.

[0057] Specifically, in this embodiment, the water level sensor 2 is an ultrasonic water level gauge, which uses high-frequency sound wave reflection to obtain the water level height data in front of and behind the gate in real time; the control processor 5 uses a built-in calculation program to perform flow state discrimination and data processing on the real-time water level difference, which can accurately calculate the instantaneous flow rate and cumulative water consumption, and realize the digital precision measurement of irrigation water.

[0058] For example, a debris-blocking device 11 is installed on the upstream side of the curved weir 1.

[0059] Specifically, in this embodiment, the debris interception device 11 intercepts floating impurities in the water flow through a physical filtration mechanism, ensuring the stability of the back-end metering environment.

[0060] like Figures 5 to 7 As shown, exemplarily, the irrigation water metering system determines the flow regime by calculating the ratio of the gate opening to the water depth upstream of the gate in the water level information: When the ratio of the gate opening to the water depth in front of the gate is greater than a preset threshold, the current flow pattern is determined to be a flat-bottomed weir flow.

[0061] When the ratio of the gate opening to the water depth in front of the gate is less than or equal to a preset threshold and the water level behind the gate is less than or equal to the critical water depth of the gate opening, the current flow state is determined to be free outflow from a flat-bottomed gate opening.

[0062] When the ratio of the gate opening to the water depth in front of the gate is less than or equal to a preset threshold and the water level behind the gate is greater than the critical water depth of the gate opening, the current flow state is determined to be submerged outflow from a flat-bottomed gate opening.

[0063] Specifically, in this embodiment, the flow regime is determined by calculating the ratio of the gate opening e to the upstream water depth H in the water level information: if the ratio e / H > 0.65, the current flow regime is determined to be a flat-bottomed weir flow; if e / N ≤ 0.65 and the downstream water level h t Less than or equal to the critical water depth h of the gate c '', determine the current flow state as free outflow from a flat-bottomed gate; if e / N≤0.65 and the downstream water level h t greater than the critical water depth h of the gate c The current flow pattern is determined to be submerged outflow from a flat-bottomed gate.

[0064] Under the flat-bottomed weir flow condition, the algorithmic expression for the irrigation flow rate Q is: .

[0065] In the formula, H is the water depth upstream of the gate, and m0 is the flow coefficient of the weir, which depends on the type and conditions of the weir. When the rectangular thin-walled weir flow is non-contractive and free outflow, the algorithmic expression for m0 is: .

[0066] In the formula, P1 is the upstream weir height, which is applicable under the conditions of H≥0.025m, H / P1≤2 and P1≥0.3m.

[0067] Under the free outflow condition of a flat-bottomed gate, the algorithmic expression for the irrigation flow rate Q is: .

[0068] In the formula, denoted as , e is the gate opening, b is the gate width, and H0 is the total head upstream of the gate.

[0069] The algorithmic expression for the irrigation flow rate Q under the submerged outflow condition of a flat-bottomed gate is as follows: .

[0070] In the formula, This refers to the flow coefficient of the free outflow from the gate, where b is the gate width. H is the submergence coefficient, and H is the water depth in front of the sluice gate.

[0071] For example, the soil moisture and weather forecast irrigation control system acquires soil moisture data through the soil moisture sensor 10, transmits it to the control processor 5 using the remote communication device 7, and accesses the weather data platform to obtain weather forecast data through API interface technology.

[0072] The control processor 5 issues commands to the drive device 4 based on the advance water control logic based on weather forecast and real-time feedback, and the closed-loop control logic based on soil moisture and humidity thresholds. The drive device 4 then controls the gate to lift and lower and to open in multiple stages.

[0073] like Figure 8 As shown, exemplarily, the advance water control logic based on weather forecasts and real-time feedback includes: If the weather forecast predicts no precipitation within the preset time, the closed-loop control logic based on soil moisture and humidity thresholds is executed and sudden precipitation is monitored; if the weather forecast predicts precipitation within the preset time, the gate opening is initially controlled to 0; if there is actual precipitation, the gate opening is kept at 0; if there is no actual precipitation, the closed-loop control logic based on soil moisture and humidity thresholds is executed.

[0074] Specifically, in this embodiment, the control processor 5 accesses the weather data platform through API interface technology to obtain weather forecast data. It first determines whether there will be precipitation within 2 hours. If there is no precipitation within 2 hours, it executes closed-loop control logic based on soil moisture and humidity thresholds and monitors for sudden precipitation. If there is precipitation within 2 hours, it initially controls the gate opening to 0. Subsequently, the system enters the real-time verification stage. If there is actual precipitation, it keeps the gate opening at 0 to utilize natural precipitation. If there is no actual precipitation, it executes closed-loop control logic based on soil moisture and humidity thresholds to achieve unified correction between weather forecast and real-time verification.

[0075] like Figure 9 As shown, exemplarily, the closed-loop control logic based on soil moisture and humidity thresholds includes: When the soil moisture content is less than the moisture threshold, the monitoring is triggered and the gate opening is adjusted according to the ratio of soil moisture to the moisture threshold. The higher the ratio of soil moisture to the moisture threshold, the smaller the gate opening is.

[0076] When the soil moisture content is greater than or equal to the moisture threshold but less than the upper limit threshold, the current gate opening remains unchanged.

[0077] When the soil moisture level in the soil moisture data is greater than or equal to the upper limit threshold, the gate is closed, and the control system then enters a dormant state until it is triggered for the next monitoring.

[0078] Specifically, in this embodiment, the gate opening is set with four levels of gradient: High gradient: the current soil moisture is 0%-20% of the soil moisture threshold (the lower limit of the water content required by crops), the gate opening is adjusted to 100% to increase the irrigation water volume to meet the needs of crops; Upper-middle gradient: the current soil moisture is 20%-40% of the soil moisture threshold, the gate opening is adjusted to 70%; Lower-middle gradient: the current soil moisture is 40%-60% of the soil moisture threshold, the gate opening is adjusted to 50%; Low gradient: the current soil moisture is 60%-100% of the soil moisture threshold, the gate opening is adjusted to 20% to reduce the irrigation water volume and avoid waste.

[0079] The control processor 5 automatically stores the current gate status data and enters a monitoring loop. When the soil moisture level is greater than or equal to the moisture threshold but less than the upper limit threshold, the current gate opening remains unchanged. When the soil moisture level is greater than or equal to the upper limit threshold, the gate is closed, and the control system enters a sleep state until the next monitoring wake-up is triggered. This achieves an automated closed loop from environmental perception to precise irrigation execution, ensuring the water supply needed for crop growth while effectively avoiding water waste caused by over-irrigation.

[0080] like Figures 10 to 11 As shown, exemplarily, the intelligent irrigation platform includes: a main page, a data query page, a parameter setting page, and a user management page.

[0081] The main page includes: a data display page, showing soil moisture, valve opening, irrigation flow, and weather forecast, enabling real-time monitoring of irrigation area information; an operation mode page, used to switch between automatic and manual modes, with automatic adjustment of gate opening in automatic mode and manual adjustment of gate opening in manual mode; and a weather forecast page, displaying weather forecast data for the next period of time.

[0082] The data query page is used to allow users to retrieve the device's operating status and data information at a specific moment.

[0083] The parameter settings page includes: crop parameters, used to set the crop irrigation cycle and crop water requirements; and system parameters, used to customize the type and order of data displayed on the main page.

[0084] The user management page is used for users and administrators to log in and perform different operations.

[0085] Specifically, in this embodiment, the smart irrigation district management platform is built based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology. It establishes a two-way data link with the control processor 5 through a remote communication device 7. The platform has a main page module for real-time rendering of core indicators such as soil moisture, irrigation water volume, weather forecast, and gate opening degree transmitted by sensors. It also provides an interface for switching between "automatic" and "manual" operation modes, allowing users to remotely adjust the real-time opening degree of the gate. The system has a data query module that supports retrospective and statistical analysis of historical soil moisture values ​​and equipment operating status. The platform integrates a parameter setting module for preset key decision indicators such as crop irrigation cycle and optimal water demand, and works with the user management module to achieve security control at different permission levels.

[0086] Meanwhile, through the interface of the intelligent irrigation platform, users can achieve intelligent interaction and dynamic monitoring of the entire "sensing, transmission, and control" process at the irrigation site via mobile terminals or display devices. This design not only significantly improves the level of remote irrigation management, but also effectively assists in the precise optimization of water-saving strategies through data visualization.

[0087] For example, the power supply system adopts a solar power supply system, including a photovoltaic solar panel 8 and a power supply device 6.

[0088] The photovoltaic solar panel 8 is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy, which is then stored in the battery pack.

[0089] The power supply device 6 is used to convert the DC power in the battery pack into the standard voltage required by the electrical equipment in the irrigation water metering system and the soil moisture and weather forecast irrigation control system.

[0090] Specifically, the power supply device 6 is used to convert the DC power in the battery pack into the standard voltage required by various electrical equipment such as the water level sensor 2, drive device 4, remote communication device 7, control processor 5, and soil moisture sensor 10, and to supply power to maintain the operation of the system.

[0091] This application embodiment improves the advance, accuracy, and real-time performance of agricultural irrigation by using advance water control logic based on weather forecasts and real-time feedback, and closed-loop control logic based on soil moisture and humidity thresholds to control the raising and lowering of the gate and multi-level opening.

[0092] The proposed irrigation water metering system determines the flow regime by calculating the ratio of the gate opening to the water depth in front of the gate in the water level information, and then calculates the irrigation flow under different flow regimes, thereby improving the accuracy of irrigation flow metering results under different working conditions and providing accurate reference data for subsequent irrigation.

[0093] The proposed advance water control logic based on weather forecasts and real-time feedback combines weather forecasts to regulate irrigation behavior in advance, reduce ineffective irrigation during precipitation periods, enhance the foresight of irrigation decisions, and improve water resource utilization.

[0094] The proposed closed-loop control logic based on soil moisture and humidity thresholds dynamically adjusts the gate opening according to the soil humidity threshold, forming an irrigation closed-loop control to ensure that the soil humidity remains stable within the suitable range for crops.

[0095] The proposed intelligent irrigation platform integrates data monitoring, mode switching, and parameter management functions, simplifies system operation procedures, and improves the management efficiency and convenience of irrigation systems in irrigation districts.

[0096] The proposed power supply system adopts a solar power supply system, including photovoltaic solar panels 8 and power supply device 6. It uses clean solar energy to supply power, gets rid of grid dependence, is suitable for deployment in farmland and other outdoor scenarios, and reduces the long-term operating cost of the system.

[0097] Although preferred embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this application.

[0098] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A smart irrigation system based on soil moisture and weather forecasting, characterized in that, include: Irrigation water metering system, soil moisture and weather forecast irrigation control system, intelligent irrigation platform, power supply system; It also includes: a curved weir installed on the channel, with a vertically movable gate installed above the curved weir; The irrigation water metering system is configured to: acquire water level information before and after the gate, and calculate irrigation flow rate under different flow conditions based on the gate opening and the water level information; The soil moisture and weather forecast irrigation control system is configured to: acquire soil moisture data and weather forecast data, and control the gate's lifting and multi-level opening based on the advance water control logic based on weather forecast and real-time feedback, and the closed-loop control logic based on soil moisture and humidity thresholds. The intelligent irrigation platform is configured to perform data querying and management of the irrigation water metering system and the soil moisture and weather forecast irrigation control system. The power supply system is configured to supply power to the irrigation water metering system and the soil moisture and weather forecast irrigation control system.

2. The intelligent irrigation system based on soil moisture and weather forecasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, Water level sensors are symmetrically installed above the curved weir and in front of and behind the gate; The irrigation water metering system acquires water level information before and after the gate based on the water level sensor and feeds it back to the control processor in real time. The control processor calculates the irrigation flow rate under different flow conditions based on the gate opening and the water level information.

3. The intelligent irrigation system based on soil moisture and weather forecasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, A debris-blocking device is installed on the upstream side of the curved weir.

4. The intelligent irrigation system based on soil moisture and weather forecasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The irrigation water metering system determines the flow regime by calculating the ratio of the gate opening to the water depth upstream of the gate in the water level information: When the ratio of the gate opening to the water depth in front of the gate is greater than a preset threshold, the current flow pattern is determined to be a flat-bottomed weir flow. When the ratio of the gate opening to the water depth in front of the gate is less than or equal to the preset threshold and the water level behind the gate is less than or equal to the critical water depth of the gate opening, the current flow state is determined to be free outflow of the flat-bottomed gate opening. When the ratio of the gate opening to the water depth in front of the gate is less than or equal to a preset threshold and the water level behind the gate is greater than the critical water depth of the gate opening, the current flow state is determined to be submerged outflow from a flat-bottomed gate opening.

5. The intelligent irrigation system based on soil moisture and weather forecasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil moisture and weather forecast irrigation control system acquires soil moisture data through a soil moisture sensor, transmits it to the control processor via a remote communication device, and accesses a weather data platform through API interface technology to obtain weather forecast data. The control processor issues commands to the drive device based on the advance water control logic based on weather forecasts and real-time feedback, and the closed-loop control logic based on soil moisture and humidity thresholds. The drive device then controls the gate's lifting and lowering as well as its multi-level opening.

6. The intelligent irrigation system based on soil moisture and weather forecasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The advance water control logic based on weather forecasts and real-time feedback includes: If the weather forecast predicts no precipitation within the preset time, the closed-loop control logic based on soil moisture and humidity thresholds is executed and sudden precipitation is monitored; if the weather forecast predicts precipitation within the preset time, the gate opening is initially controlled to 0; if there is actual precipitation, the gate opening is kept at 0; if there is no actual precipitation, the closed-loop control logic based on soil moisture and humidity thresholds is executed.

7. The intelligent irrigation system based on soil moisture and weather forecasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The closed-loop control logic based on soil moisture and humidity thresholds includes: When the soil moisture content in the soil moisture data is less than the moisture threshold, the wake-up monitoring is triggered, and the gate opening is adjusted according to the proportion of soil moisture to the moisture threshold. The higher the proportion of soil moisture to the moisture threshold, the smaller the gate opening is adjusted. When the soil moisture content is greater than or equal to the moisture threshold and less than the upper limit threshold, the current gate opening remains unchanged; When the soil moisture level in the soil moisture data is greater than or equal to the upper limit threshold, the gate is closed, and the control system then enters a dormant state until it is triggered for the next monitoring.

8. The intelligent irrigation system based on soil moisture and weather forecasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent irrigation platform includes: a main page, a data query page, a parameter setting page, and a user management page; The main page includes: a data display page, which displays soil moisture, valve opening, irrigation flow, and weather forecast, enabling real-time monitoring of irrigation area information; an operation mode page, used to switch between automatic and manual modes, where the gate opening is automatically adjusted in automatic mode and manually adjusted in manual mode; and a weather forecast page, which displays weather forecast data for the next period of time. The data query page is used to allow users to retrieve the device's operating status and data information at a specific moment; The parameter setting page includes: crop parameters, used to set the crop irrigation cycle and crop water requirement; and system parameters, used to customize the type and sorting order of data displayed on the main page. The user management page is used for users and administrators to log in and perform different operations.

9. The intelligent irrigation system based on soil moisture and weather forecasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply system adopts a solar power supply system, including photovoltaic solar panels and power supply devices; The photovoltaic solar panels are used to convert solar energy into electrical energy, which is then stored in the battery pack. The power supply device is used to convert the DC power in the battery pack into the standard voltage required by the electrical equipment in the irrigation water metering system and the soil moisture and weather forecast irrigation control system.

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